A method for increasing the germination rate of potato growth

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of potato planting technology and discloses a method for improving the germination rate of potatoes, including the following steps: S1, selecting healthy and plump potatoes as seeds; S2, soaking the seeds in a nano-selenium reagent solution, the components of which include selenite, sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and hydrochloric acid; S3, planting the treated seeds using soil cultivation or hydroponics. This invention utilizes nano-selenium reagent to treat potato seeds, which not only improves the germination rate of potatoes and reduces subsequent replanting operations, saving costs, but also increases root length, allowing the roots to penetrate the soil earlier to obtain water and nutrients, avoiding the phenomenon of "weak seedlings" or "stunted seedlings" due to insufficient nutrients in the early stages; in addition, the nano-selenium reagent material is environmentally friendly, reducing damage to the soil environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0002] This invention relates to the field of potato cultivation technology, specifically a method for improving the germination rate of potatoes. Background Technology

[0004] As the world's fourth largest food crop, potatoes play a vital role in ensuring food security, meeting dietary needs, and driving agricultural economic development. With population growth and upgrading consumption patterns, market demand for potatoes continues to rise, placing higher demands on potato yields and imposing stricter standards on their growth quality and resilience. The germination rate of potatoes is a crucial initial factor determining their final yield and growth vigor. The germination rate directly affects planting density, seedling uniformity, and subsequent field management efficiency. Furthermore, the vigorous growth of sprouted seedlings further determines the plant's resistance to pests and diseases, nutrient absorption efficiency, and ultimately, significantly impacts overall yield and quality.

[0005] Traditional planting methods for pre-treating seed potatoes are extremely simple, often involving only washing or drying. This fails to effectively activate the germination-related enzymes inside the seed potatoes and makes it difficult to break their dormancy. Consequently, some seed potatoes remain dormant for a long time after planting and cannot sprout normally. Furthermore, it slows down the physiological metabolism of sprouted seed potatoes, resulting in slow seedling growth and poor stress resistance.

[0006] To address these issues, several treatments have emerged to improve potato germination rates or promote growth. For example, some techniques involve soaking seed potatoes in chemical agents (such as gibberellin and naphthaleneacetic acid) to promote germination, but the germination rate is not ideal, and chemical residues can pollute the soil environment and disrupt the soil's ecological balance. Other techniques attempt to treat seed potatoes with microbial agents, but microbial activity is easily affected by environmental temperature and pH, resulting in poor stability and significant fluctuations in the germination rate improvement. Furthermore, the effect on seedling growth is relatively mild, making it difficult to meet the demands for high-yield and high-quality production. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention aims to provide a method for improving the germination rate of potatoes. By soaking potato seeds with a nano-selenium reagent, the germination rate of potatoes is improved, reducing subsequent replanting operations and saving costs. It also increases root length, allowing the roots to penetrate the soil earlier to obtain water and nutrients, thus avoiding the phenomenon of "weak seedlings" or "stunted seedlings" due to insufficient nutrients in the early stage. In addition, the nano-selenium reagent material is environmentally friendly, reducing damage to the soil environment.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0010] A method for improving the sprouting rate of potatoes includes the following steps:

[0011] S1. Select healthy, plump, and uniformly shaped potatoes as seeds;

[0012] S2. Soak seeds in a nano-selenium reagent solution. The nano-selenium reagent consists of selenite, sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and hydrochloric acid.

[0013] S3. Plant the treated seeds using soil cultivation or hydroponics.

[0014] Furthermore, in S2, the preparation method of the nano-selenium reagent includes the following steps:

[0015] S201. Solution preparation: Prepare selenite solution, sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate solution, sodium dodecyl sulfate solution, and hydrochloric acid solution respectively;

[0016] S202. Mixing reaction: Thoroughly mix the selenite solution, sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate solution, sodium dodecyl sulfate solution, and hydrochloric acid solution; allow the mixture to stand at room temperature to react and form a nano-selenium suspension;

[0017] S203. Separation and purification: Centrifuge the nano-selenium suspension to remove the supernatant and obtain the finished colloidal nano-selenium.

[0018] S204. Drying: Colloidal selenium nanoparticles are spray-dried or freeze-dried to obtain powdered selenium nanoparticle reagents.

[0019] Furthermore, in S201, the selenite solution, sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate solution, sodium dodecyl sulfate solution, and hydrochloric acid solution are in a solute mass ratio of 1:2:2:4.

[0020] Furthermore, in S202, the reaction time at room temperature is 4 to 6 hours.

[0021] Furthermore, in S203, the nano-selenium suspension is centrifuged at 11,000 rpm for 25-35 minutes.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the technical solution are:

[0023] This invention utilizes abundant, low-cost, and environmentally friendly raw materials. Compared to the water control group, experimental data from the soil-cultivation method 15 days after sowing showed that the Atlantic potato tubers treated with 25ppm nano-selenium achieved a 100% germination rate and an average root length of 1.67cm. Experimental data from the hydroponic method 10 days after cultivation showed that the Atlantic potato tubers treated with 25ppm nano-selenium achieved an 80% germination rate and an average root length of 0.7125cm. Therefore, the method of this invention can improve the germination rate of potatoes, reduce the problem of missing seedlings in the field due to ungerminated seed potatoes, reduce subsequent replanting operations, save costs, and provide a foundation for stable yields later on. Longer roots can penetrate deeper into the soil to obtain water and nutrients earlier, avoiding the phenomenon of "weak seedlings" or "stunted seedlings" due to insufficient nutrients in the early stages. This allows seedlings to establish a competitive advantage in the early stages of growth, laying a good foundation for subsequent leaf growth and improved photosynthetic efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a bar chart comparing the germination rates of different concentrations of nano-selenium reagent after 15 days of soil cultivation according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a bar chart comparing root lengths treated with different concentrations of nano-selenium reagent after 15 days of soil cultivation according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 The images show actual samples treated with 0ppm and 25ppm nano-selenium reagents after 15 days of soil cultivation according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a bar chart comparing the germination rates of different concentrations of nano-selenium reagent after 3 days using the hydroponic method of this invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a bar chart comparing root lengths treated with different concentrations of nano-selenium reagent after 3 days using the hydroponic method of this invention.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a bar chart comparing the germination rates of different concentrations of nano-selenium reagent after 7 days using the hydroponic method of this invention.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a bar chart comparing root lengths treated with different concentrations of nano-selenium reagent after 7 days using the hydroponic method of this invention.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a bar chart comparing the germination rates of different concentrations of nano-selenium reagent after 10 days of hydroponic cultivation according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a bar chart comparing root lengths treated with different concentrations of nano-selenium reagent after 10 days using the hydroponic method of this invention.

[0034] Figure 10 This is a bar chart comparing the average root length of different concentrations of nano-selenium reagent after 3, 7, and 10 days of hydroponic treatment according to the present invention.

[0035] Figure 11 These are actual images of products treated with different concentrations of nano-selenium reagent after 3 days using the hydroponic method of this invention.

[0036] Figure 12 These are actual images of the products treated with different concentrations of nano-selenium reagent after 7 days using the hydroponic method of this invention.

[0037] Figure 13 These are actual images of products treated with different concentrations of nano-selenium reagent after 10 days of hydroponics according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0040] A method for improving the sprouting rate of potatoes includes the following steps:

[0041] S1. Select healthy, plump, and uniformly shaped potatoes as seeds. The potato variety is Atlantic potato.

[0042] S2. Soak the seeds in a nano-selenium reagent solution, wherein the concentration of the nano-selenium reagent solution is preferably 25 ppm; the components of the nano-selenium reagent include selenite solution, sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate solution, sodium dodecyl sulfate solution, and hydrochloric acid solution.

[0043] The preparation method of nano-selenium reagent includes the following steps:

[0044] Preparation of S201, selenium source solution, reducing agent solution, stabilizer solution and acid solution:

[0045] Prepare separate solutions of selenite (e.g., zinc selenite), sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and hydrochloric acid.

[0046] S202, Mixed Reaction:

[0047] Mix the selenite solution (such as zinc selenite), sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate solution, sodium dodecyl sulfate solution, and hydrochloric acid solution thoroughly at a solute mass ratio of 1:2:2:4. Let the mixture stand at room temperature for 6 hours. The solution will gradually turn red and form a nano-selenium suspension.

[0048] S203, Separation and purification:

[0049] The nano-selenium suspension was centrifuged at 11,000 rpm for 30 minutes, and the supernatant was removed to obtain the finished colloidal nano-selenium.

[0050] S204. Drying: Spray drying or freeze drying can be performed as needed to obtain nano-selenium powder. When using, dissolve 0.2 g of nano-selenium powder in 100 mL of ultrapure sterile water and ultrasonically mix (ensuring uniform dispersion). Filter through a 0.22 μm sterile membrane for sterilization. Dilute serially to 25 ppm, 50 ppm, 75 ppm, and 100 ppm. The application method for the nano-selenium treatment solution is as follows: Add 25 ppm, 50 ppm, 75 ppm, and 100 ppm nano-selenium to each treatment beaker of 4 Atlantic potato seed culture, respectively, and soak for 24 hours.

[0051] S3. Plant the treated seeds using soil or hydroponics. For potatoes, the hydroponic method is as follows: Place the potatoes treated with nano-selenium reagent solution in a planting basket, maintaining a water depth of 1-2 cm. Later, the roots should only be in contact with the liquid surface, not completely submerged. Temperature: 22±2°C; Light: 16 hours per day; Change the water weekly.

[0052] The method for planting potatoes in soil is as follows: potatoes treated with nano-selenium reagent solution are dried, planted in pots, covered with 6 cm of soil, at a temperature of 22±2°C, and with 16 hours of light per day.

[0053] Five concentration gradients of the above-mentioned nano-selenium reagent (0 ppm (ck), 25 ppm, 50 ppm, 75 ppm, and 100 ppm) were set up respectively. After treatment for 24 h, the seeds were sown / hydroponically cultured. The experimental results are shown below:

[0054] I. Experimental data and results after 15 days of soil cultivation:

[0055] Table 1. Root length and germination rate of group ck after 15 days of soil cultivation.

[0056]

[0057] Table 2. Root length and germination rate of the 25ppm group after 15 days of soil culture.

[0058]

[0059] Table 3. Root length and germination rate of the 50ppm group after 15 days of soil culture.

[0060]

[0061] Table 4. Root length and germination rate of the 75ppm group after 15 days of soil cultivation.

[0062]

[0063] Table 5. Root length and germination rate of the 100ppm group after 15 days of soil culture.

[0064]

[0065] The above experimental data combined Figures 1-3 It can be seen that the 25ppm treatment had the most significant effect compared with the control, with a germination rate of 100% and an average root length of 1.67.

[0066] II. Experimental data and results after 3, 7, and 10 days of hydroponics:

[0067] Table 6. Root length and germination rate at different concentrations after three days of hydroponics

[0068]

[0069] Table 7. Root length and germination rate at different concentrations after seven days of hydroponics

[0070]

[0071] Table 8. Root length and germination rate at different concentrations after ten days of hydroponics

[0072]

[0073] The above experimental data combined Figure 4-13 It can be seen that the 25ppm treatment had the most significant effect compared with the control, with a germination rate of 80% after 10 days and an average root length of 0.7125.

[0074] In summary, this invention utilizes abundant, low-cost, and environmentally friendly raw materials. Compared to the water control group, experimental data from the soil-cultivation method 15 days after sowing showed that the Atlantic potato tubers treated with 25 ppm nano-selenium achieved a 100% germination rate and an average root length of 1.67 cm. Experimental data from the hydroponic method 10 days after cultivation showed that the Atlantic potato tubers treated with 25 ppm nano-selenium achieved an 80% germination rate and an average root length of 0.7125 cm. Therefore, the method of this invention can improve the germination rate of potatoes, reduce the problem of missing seedlings in the field due to ungerminated seed potatoes, reduce subsequent replanting operations, save costs, and provide a foundation for stable yields later on. Longer roots can penetrate deeper into the soil to obtain water and nutrients earlier, avoiding the phenomenon of "weak seedlings" or "stunted seedlings" due to insufficient nutrients in the early stages. This allows seedlings to establish a competitive advantage in the early stages of growth, laying a good foundation for subsequent leaf growth and improved photosynthetic efficiency. Furthermore, the method of this invention is also applicable to peppers and tomatoes.

[0075] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge regarding specific technical solutions or characteristics is not elaborated upon here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solutions of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for improving the sprouting rate of potatoes, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Select healthy, plump, and uniformly shaped potatoes as seeds; S2. Soak seeds in a nano-selenium reagent solution. The nano-selenium reagent consists of selenite, sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and hydrochloric acid. S3. Plant the treated seeds using soil cultivation or hydroponics.

2. The method for improving the sprouting rate of potatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the preparation method of the nano-selenium reagent includes the following steps: S201. Solution preparation: Prepare selenite solution, sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate solution, sodium dodecyl sulfate solution, and hydrochloric acid solution respectively; S202. Mixing reaction: Thoroughly mix the selenite solution, sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate solution, sodium dodecyl sulfate solution, and hydrochloric acid solution; allow the mixture to stand at room temperature to react and form a nano-selenium suspension; S203. Separation and purification: Centrifuge the nano-selenium suspension to remove the supernatant and obtain the finished colloidal nano-selenium. S204. Drying: Colloidal selenium nanoparticles are spray-dried or freeze-dried to obtain powdered selenium nanoparticle reagents.

3. The method for improving the sprouting rate of potatoes according to claim 2, characterized in that: In S201, the selenite solution, sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate solution, sodium dodecyl sulfate solution, and hydrochloric acid solution are in a solute mass ratio of 1:2:2:

4.

4. The method for improving the sprouting rate of potatoes according to claim 2, characterized in that: In S202, the reaction time at room temperature is 4 to 6 hours.

5. The method for improving the sprouting rate of potatoes according to claim 2, characterized in that: In S203, the nano-selenium suspension was centrifuged at 11,000 rpm for 25-35 minutes.

Images