A collaborative ventilation system integrating airway oscillation and lung recruitment functions

Abstract

This invention discloses a synergistic ventilation system integrating airway oscillation and lung recruitment functions, comprising a basic ventilation module, an integrated airway oscillation module, a dynamic lung recruitment module, a real-time monitoring module, and a central control module. The real-time monitoring module collects airway pressure and tidal volume, and calculates the airway pressure fluctuation coefficient and lung compliance. When the central control module identifies airway obstruction and detects a continuous decline in lung compliance, it adjusts the oscillation pressure amplitude based on the ratio of initial lung compliance to current lung compliance, and adjusts the recruitment pressurization rate based on the airway pressure fluctuation coefficient, controlling the alternation of the recruitment maintenance phase and the oscillation enhancement phase. When the airway pressure reaches a safe threshold, the oscillation enhancement and recruitment pressurization are forcibly stopped, and the basic ventilation mode is restored. This achieves closed-loop synergistic control of airway oscillation, lung recruitment, and basic ventilation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of critical care medicine and respiratory support equipment technology, specifically to a synergistic ventilation system that integrates airway oscillation and lung recruitment functions. Background Technology

[0002] Mechanical ventilation is a vital life support tool for patients in the intensive care unit (ICU), and is widely used in clinical settings such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), severe infections, trauma, and postoperative respiratory failure. During long-term mechanical ventilation, patients are prone to problems such as airway secretion retention, alveolar collapse, and ventilation / perfusion imbalance, which can lead to decreased oxygenation, reduced lung compliance, and an increased incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).

[0003] To address the above issues, current clinical practice typically employs two types of interventions:

[0004] One type is airway clearance techniques, such as high-frequency airflow oscillation, continuous high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (CHFO), or external oscillatory expectoration devices, which generate periodic airflow disturbances to loosen and expel airway secretions. These techniques are mostly in the form of external devices, requiring additional connection to the ventilator tubing, and often necessitate pausing or adjusting the original ventilation mode during treatment.

[0005] Another type is lung recruitment technology, which typically improves lung compliance and oxygenation by increasing airway pressure (e.g., gradually increasing pressure to 20-30 cmH2O) to open collapsed alveoli. Current lung recruitment methods mainly rely on healthcare workers manually adjusting ventilator parameters or using independent recruitment programs to perform phased pressure increases.

[0006] However, the two types of technologies mentioned above usually exist independently in existing equipment systems, and have the following structural and control-level defects:

[0007] 1. Airway oscillation and lung recruitment need to be implemented step by step and cannot be coordinated and adjusted under a unified control framework. There is no logical coupling relationship between oscillation parameters and recruitment pressure, making it difficult to form a collaborative treatment process for the same pathological state.

[0008] 2. External oscillation devices usually require switching to a specific ventilation mode or interrupting the original ventilation parameter settings, which increases the complexity of operation and poses a risk of parameter missetting. Existing technologies mostly use preset fixed oscillation frequencies or fixed re-expansion pressures, which fail to combine with dynamic data such as the patient's real-time airway pressure, tidal volume, and lung compliance for linkage control, which can easily cause oxygenation fluctuations or the risk of excessively high airway pressure.

[0009] 3. There is no unified algorithm management system between airway pressure monitoring, oxygenation monitoring and oscillation control. When pressure overshoot or oxygenation drop occurs, there is a lack of rapid and coordinated response mechanism. The step-by-step operation results in a long time for a single complete treatment, requiring frequent intervention by medical staff, which affects the work efficiency in the intensive care environment.

[0010] In view of this, the present invention proposes a synergistic ventilation system that integrates airway oscillation and lung recruitment functions. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The purpose of this invention is to provide a synergistic ventilation system that integrates airway oscillation and lung recruitment functions. This system aims to solve the problems in existing respiratory support devices where airway oscillation and lung recruitment functions are independent, and the oscillation pressure amplitude and recruitment rate cannot be coordinated according to the airway obstruction status and changes in lung compliance. This results in a fragmented treatment process, parameters that depend on manual settings, and a high risk of airway pressure overshoot.

[0012] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a synergistic ventilation system integrating airway oscillation and lung recruitment functions, including a basic ventilation module, an integrated airway oscillation module, a dynamic lung recruitment module, a real-time monitoring module, and a central control module;

[0013] The integrated airway oscillation module is located between the expiratory valve and the Y-shaped tubing of the basic ventilation module, and the dynamic lung recruitment module is connected in parallel to the pressure output tubing of the basic ventilation module through a pressure branch.

[0014] The real-time monitoring module collects airway pressure and tidal volume, calculates the airway pressure fluctuation coefficient based on the maximum, minimum and average pressure during the inspiratory phase, and calculates lung compliance based on the tidal volume change value and the corresponding airway pressure change value.

[0015] When the airway pressure fluctuation coefficient indicates airway obstruction and lung compliance shows a downward trend over three consecutive respiratory cycles, the central control module calculates the ratio of initial lung compliance to current lung compliance, adjusts the oscillation pressure amplitude according to the ratio, adjusts the lung recruitment pressure rate according to the airway pressure fluctuation coefficient, and switches to the oscillation enhancement phase after completing the recruitment maintenance phase.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the integrated airway oscillation module includes an electromagnetically driven pressure pulse generator, a frequency adjustment unit, a pressure amplitude control unit, and a synchronous trigger sensor.

[0017] The synchronous trigger sensor is connected to the respiratory cycle signal line of the basic ventilation module. The frequency adjustment unit controls the output of pressure pulses within a preset respiratory phase according to the trigger signal output by the synchronous trigger sensor, so that the oscillating pressure is superimposed on the basic ventilation pressure.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the airway pressure fluctuation coefficient is calculated according to the following formula:

[0019] ;

[0020] in, This represents the maximum airway pressure during the inspiratory phase. This represents the minimum airway pressure during the inspiratory phase. Mean airway pressure during the inspiratory phase.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the real-time monitoring module includes a sputum blockage identification unit. The sputum blockage identification unit generates a blockage determination signal based on the airway pressure fluctuation coefficient, and outputs a coordinated trigger signal to the central control module when the blockage determination signal and the lung compliance decline trend exist simultaneously over three consecutive respiratory cycles.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the real-time monitoring module includes an airway pressure sensor, a tidal volume sensor, and a lung compliance calculation unit. The lung compliance calculation unit calculates lung compliance according to the following formula. :

[0023] ;

[0024] in, This represents the change in tidal volume within a single respiratory cycle. This represents the change in airway pressure during the corresponding respiratory cycle.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the central control module uses the ratio of the initial lung compliance value recorded when the coordinated ventilation program is started to the current lung compliance value as a proportionality coefficient; when the proportionality coefficient is greater than 1, the current oscillation pressure amplitude is adjusted to the product of the baseline set amplitude and the proportionality coefficient, and the maximum peak increment of the pressure pulse relative to the baseline ventilation pressure is limited to no more than 5 cmH2O.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the airway pressure fluctuation coefficient is in the range of 0.3 to 0.5, the central control module adjusts the pressure increase rate of the dynamic lung recruitment module to 0.8 times the original set pressure increase rate, so that the recruitment pressure gradually increases according to the adjusted pressure increase rate.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the central control module controls the integrated airway oscillation module and the dynamic lung recruitment module to operate alternately, sequentially executing the oscillation pretreatment stage, the lung recruitment stage, and the oscillation enhancement stage; the lung recruitment stage includes a recruitment and pressurization stage and a recruitment maintenance stage, and the oscillation enhancement stage is initiated after the recruitment maintenance stage and lasts for a preset time.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the central control module reacquires the current lung compliance after each oscillation enhancement phase. When the current lung compliance recovers to more than 90% of the initial lung compliance, the coordinated ventilation program ends. When the current lung compliance does not reach 90% of the initial lung compliance and does not reach the preset treatment time limit, the lung recruitment phase and oscillation enhancement phase continue to be executed.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dynamic lung recruitment module includes a graded pressure boosting unit, a pressure boosting rate regulating unit, a pressure safety valve, and a flow monitor. The graded pressure boosting unit is connected in parallel to the pressure output pipeline of the basic ventilation module via a three-way connector. When the real-time monitoring module detects that the airway pressure reaches 40 cmH2O, the central control module outputs an interrupt control signal with priority higher than the oscillation control signal, the recruitment pressure boosting control signal, and the stage switching signal, forcibly stopping the oscillation output and recruitment pressure boosting, and restoring the basic ventilation mode.

[0030] The technical effects and advantages provided by the present invention in the above technical solution are as follows:

[0031] This invention connects an integrated airway oscillation module and a dynamic lung recruitment module to the same patient-side airway pathway, with a central control module uniformly receiving airway pressure, tidal volume, and lung compliance data. This eliminates the need for independent, fixed parameters for airway oscillation and lung recruitment. By dynamically adjusting the oscillation pressure amplitude based on the ratio of initial to current lung compliance, the oscillation intensity can adaptively compensate for changes in lung compliance. Furthermore, by reducing or maintaining the recruitment rate based on the airway pressure fluctuation coefficient, the pressure rise process can be slowed when there is a risk of airway obstruction, reducing the risk of airway pressure overshoot. Simultaneously, through automatic switching between the recruitment maintenance phase and the oscillation enhancement phase, and by preferentially interrupting oscillation enhancement and recruitment when the airway pressure reaches a safe threshold, the system forms a closed-loop control system integrating monitoring, judgment, adjustment, execution, and protection, thereby improving the continuity of coordinated ventilation, the accuracy of parameter adjustment, and operational safety. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the synergistic ventilation system integrating airway oscillation and lung recruitment functions of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2This is a flowchart illustrating the collaborative determination and adjustment of oscillation pressure amplitude and re-tensioning rate of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the phase switching and safety interruption process of the coordinated ventilation procedure of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the following embodiments are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Equivalent substitutions or adaptive adjustments made by those skilled in the art to the specific structure, connection form, parameter range and control method of each module without departing from the technical concept of the present invention should all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a synergistic ventilation system integrating airway oscillation and lung recruitment functions, including a basic ventilation module, an integrated airway oscillation module, a dynamic lung recruitment module, a real-time monitoring module, a central control module, and a human-machine interface.

[0039] The basic ventilation module, integrated airway oscillation module, dynamic lung recruitment module, and real-time monitoring module are respectively connected to the central control module. The central control module controls the integrated airway oscillation module and the dynamic lung recruitment module to operate in a coordinated manner according to a preset sequence and adjustment rules based on parameters such as airway pressure, tidal volume, and lung compliance collected by the real-time monitoring module.

[0040] The basic ventilation module is used to deliver basic ventilation airflow to the patient according to the set ventilation mode, and includes a gas source input unit, a gas mixing unit, an inspiratory control unit, an expiratory control unit, an end-expiratory positive pressure adjustment unit, and a ventilation control interface.

[0041] The gas input unit is connected to both an oxygen source and an air source. The gas mixing unit adjusts the mixing ratio of oxygen and air according to the set oxygen concentration. The inspiratory control unit is located in the mixed gas output channel and adjusts the inspiratory flow rate according to the inspiratory control signal output by the central control module. The expiratory control unit controls the exhalation of the patient's exhaled gas according to the respiratory cycle. The positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) adjustment unit maintains the set PEEP.

[0042] The basic ventilation module can execute at least one of the following ventilation modes: synchronous intermittent mandatory ventilation, assisted control ventilation, or pressure control ventilation, and outputs an inspiratory start signal, an inspiratory end signal, an expiratory start signal, and respiratory cycle parameters to the central control module so that the central control module can determine the current stage of the respiratory cycle.

[0043] The inspiratory and expiratory pathways of the basic ventilation module are connected to a Y-tube, with the patient end of the Y-tube used to connect to an endotracheal tube or tracheostomy tube. Basic ventilation gas is delivered to the patient end via the inspiratory and Y-tube pathways, and exhaled gas is discharged via the Y-tube and expiratory pathways.

[0044] The integrated airway oscillation module is used to generate periodic pressure pulses and includes a pressure pulse generation unit, an oscillation frequency adjustment unit, an oscillation amplitude adjustment unit, and a synchronization triggering unit.

[0045] An integrated airway oscillation module is installed in the airway path between the basic ventilation module and the patient. In one specific configuration, the integrated airway oscillation module is positioned between the expiratory valve and the Y-tube, with its input end connected to the tubing containing the expiratory valve and its output end connected to the Y-tube, allowing the pressure pulses it generates to act on the patient's airway via the Y-tube.

[0046] The pressure pulse generating unit can be an electromagnetically driven pressure pulse generator, including a drive coil, a moving part, and a pulse cavity. The oscillation frequency adjustment unit adjusts the output frequency of the pressure pulse by changing the on / off period of the drive coil, and the oscillation amplitude adjustment unit adjusts the amplitude of the pressure pulse by changing the drive current amplitude or the drive duty cycle.

[0047] In one exemplary setup, the oscillation frequency is 170–350 times / min, and the peak increment of a single pressure pulse relative to the baseline ventilation pressure is 0.5–5 cmH2O.

[0048] The synchronization trigger unit is connected to the respiratory cycle signal output terminal of the basic ventilation module. The synchronization trigger unit receives the inspiratory start signal or the preset inspiratory phase signal and outputs an oscillation trigger signal to the pressure pulse generation unit, so that the pressure pulse is output within the preset respiratory phase range, thereby superimposing the oscillation pressure and the basic ventilation pressure according to the set phase relationship.

[0049] The dynamic lung recruitment module is used to adjust the patient-side airway pressure according to the set target pressure, pressure increase rate, and pressure maintenance time. It includes a graded pressure boosting unit, a pressure increase rate regulating unit, a pressure safety valve, and a flow monitor.

[0050] The graded pressure boosting unit is connected in parallel to the pressure output pipeline of the basic ventilation module through a pressure branch. Its pressure output port is connected to the basic ventilation airway through a tee connector, so that the re-tensioning pressure can act on the common airway path where the basic ventilation airflow is located.

[0051] The pressure rise rate regulating unit is connected to the staged pressure increase unit, and controls the pressure rise rate by adjusting the opening of the proportional regulating valve. In one exemplary setting, the pressure rise rate is 0.5–2 cmH2O / s, and the re-tensioning target pressure is 20–30 cmH2O.

[0052] A pressure relief valve is installed in the pressure branch to open the pressure relief passage when the airway pressure reaches a set mechanical pressure relief threshold. A flow monitor is installed near the patient end of the Y-shaped tubing to monitor the gas flow rate during re-expansion and transmit the flow data to the central control module.

[0053] The real-time monitoring module includes a blood oxygen saturation sensor, an airway pressure sensor, a tidal volume sensor, a lung compliance calculation unit, and a sputum blockage recognition unit.

[0054] The airway pressure sensor and tidal volume sensor are positioned near the patient end of the Y-shaped tubing. The airway pressure sensor collects airway pressure at the patient end, and the tidal volume sensor obtains tidal volume over a single respiratory cycle. The blood oxygen saturation sensor collects blood oxygen saturation data.

[0055] The lung compliance calculation unit receives airway pressure data and tidal volume data, and calculates lung compliance based on the tidal volume change and the corresponding airway pressure change. Lung compliance can be calculated using the following formula:

[0056] ;

[0057] in, For lung compliance, This represents the change in tidal volume within a single respiratory cycle. This represents the change in airway pressure during the corresponding respiratory cycle.

[0058] In specific calculations, the airway pressure change value can be the difference between the peak inspiratory airway pressure and the positive end-expiratory pressure. The system uses a uniform lung compliance calculation method during the same coordinated ventilation process to ensure the comparability of lung compliance data at different times.

[0059] The sputum blockage detection unit is connected to an airway pressure sensor to obtain the maximum airway pressure during the inspiratory phase of each effective respiratory cycle. Minimum airway pressure and mean airway pressure The airway pressure fluctuation coefficient is calculated according to the following formula. :

[0060] ;

[0061] in, This represents the maximum airway pressure during the inspiratory phase. This represents the minimum airway pressure during the inspiratory phase. Mean airway pressure during the inspiratory phase.

[0062] To reduce misjudgments caused by pressure disturbances within a single respiratory cycle, the sputum blockage identification unit can average or weight the airway pressure fluctuation coefficients of multiple consecutive effective respiratory cycles and use the processing result as the current airway pressure fluctuation evaluation value.

[0063] When the airway pressure fluctuation evaluation value reaches a preset fluctuation threshold and persists for a preset number of respiratory cycles, the sputum obstruction identification unit outputs an obstruction determination signal. This obstruction determination signal indicates the presence of secretion retention or airway obstruction risk in the airway, and is not used as a standalone disease diagnosis result.

[0064] The central control module includes a processor, a communication interface, a data storage unit, and an algorithm processing unit. The signal input terminals of the central control module are connected to the basic ventilation module, the integrated airway oscillation module, the dynamic lung recruitment module, and the real-time monitoring module, respectively. Its signal output terminals are connected to the integrated airway oscillation module, the dynamic lung recruitment module, and the human-machine interface, respectively.

[0065] The algorithm processing unit is used to perform airway pressure fluctuation coefficient calculation, lung compliance trend judgment, oscillation pressure amplitude adjustment, recruitment pressure rate adjustment, operation phase switching, and safety interruption control.

[0066] The human-machine interface is used to input basic ventilation parameters, oscillation parameters, recruitment parameters, and safety thresholds, and displays ventilation mode, airway pressure, tidal volume, lung compliance, oscillation frequency, oscillation pressure amplitude, and recruitment pressure. The human-machine interface also includes an audible and visual alarm unit to output alarm signals in case of abnormal airway pressure, sensor malfunction, or actuator module failure.

[0067] Through the above connection method, the basic ventilation module, the integrated airway oscillation module, and the dynamic lung recruitment module can work in the same patient-side airway path. The airway pressure and lung compliance data obtained by the real-time monitoring module directly participate in the control calculation of the central control module, thereby forming a closed-loop control system that combines airway, monitoring, calculation, and execution.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] like Figure 2-3 As shown, this embodiment describes the control process and operation mode of the coordinated ventilation system based on embodiment 1. After the system is started, the central control module first performs self-test and sensor calibration, respectively detecting the working status of the airway pressure sensor, tidal volume sensor, integrated airway oscillation module, dynamic lung recruitment module and alarm unit.

[0070] When the self-test results are normal, the central control module controls the basic ventilation module to operate according to the set ventilation mode, and continuously collects airway pressure and tidal volume data for multiple respiratory cycles under basic ventilation conditions.

[0071] The algorithm processing unit calculates the average lung compliance from multiple stable respiratory cycles and determines this average as the reference lung compliance. During subsequent operation, the algorithm processing unit calculates the current lung compliance based on the lung compliance of multiple consecutive effective respiratory cycles. .

[0072] The algorithm processing unit calculates the lung compliance ratio coefficient according to the following formula. :

[0073] ;

[0074] in, Reference lung compliance before initiation of the coordinated ventilation procedure. This represents the average lung compliance over several consecutive effective respiratory cycles.

[0075] When current lung compliance is lower than reference lung compliance, the proportionality coefficient Greater than 1; when the current lung compliance equals the reference lung compliance, the proportionality coefficient is... The proportionality coefficient equals 1 when the current lung compliance is higher than the reference lung compliance. Less than 1.

[0076] The algorithm processing unit determines the trend of lung compliance changes based on lung compliance over multiple consecutive respiratory cycles. When the current lung compliance continuously decreases, or when the current lung compliance falls below a preset proportion of the reference lung compliance, the condition for a decrease in lung compliance is determined to be met.

[0077] Simultaneously, the sputum obstruction detection unit calculates the airway pressure fluctuation coefficient and determines the airway obstruction status based on the airway pressure fluctuation coefficient over multiple consecutive respiratory cycles. When the airway pressure fluctuation evaluation value reaches a preset threshold and continues for a preset number of effective respiratory cycles, the airway obstruction risk condition is determined to be met.

[0078] When the airway obstruction risk condition and the lung compliance decline condition meet the preset collaborative triggering rule, the central control module initiates the collaborative ventilation program.

[0079] The coordinated ventilation procedure includes an oscillation pretreatment stage, a re-tension pressurization stage, a re-tension maintenance stage, an oscillation enhancement stage, and a status verification stage.

[0080] During the oscillation preprocessing stage, the central control module controls the integrated airway oscillation module to output pressure pulses according to the set oscillation frequency and baseline oscillation pressure amplitude. The pressure pulses are triggered based on the respiratory cycle signal output by the baseline ventilation module and act on the patient's airway within a preset respiratory phase interval.

[0081] The central control module adjusts the oscillatory pressure amplitude based on the lung compliance proportionality coefficient. In one specific adjustment method, the current oscillatory pressure amplitude... Determined according to the following formula:

[0082] ;

[0083] in, This represents the current oscillation pressure amplitude. Based on the amplitude of the basic oscillation pressure, This is the lung compliance proportionality coefficient. The maximum allowable oscillation pressure amplitude.

[0084] When the proportionality coefficient When the value is greater than 1, the amplitude of oscillatory pressure increases as current lung compliance decreases; when the proportionality coefficient is greater than 1, the amplitude of oscillation pressure increases as current lung compliance decreases. When the value is less than or equal to 1, the oscillation pressure amplitude remains at the basic oscillation pressure amplitude, or gradually decreases according to the preset rules.

[0085] In one exemplary setup, the peak increment corresponding to the maximum oscillation pressure amplitude does not exceed 5 cmH2O.

[0086] To prevent frequent fluctuations in oscillatory pressure amplitude caused by short-term changes in lung compliance, the central control module can set limits on the single adjustment step size and the rate of change per unit time for the oscillatory pressure amplitude. Oscillation amplitude adjustment is only performed when the difference between the new target oscillatory pressure amplitude and the current oscillatory pressure amplitude reaches the preset amplitude adjustment threshold.

[0087] After the oscillation preprocessing stage is completed, the central control module determines the re-expansion pressurization rate based on the current airway pressure fluctuation evaluation value.

[0088] When the airway pressure fluctuation coefficient is in the range of 0.3 to 0.5, the central control module adjusts the re-expansion pressurization rate to 0.8 times the original set pressurization rate, that is:

[0089] ;

[0090] in, The adjusted re-tensioning rate, The original re-expansion rate is set. By reducing the re-expansion rate, the re-expansion pressure is increased gradually when there is a risk of airway obstruction, thereby reducing the risk of airway pressure overshoot caused by rapid pressure rise.

[0091] When the airway pressure fluctuation evaluation value is lower than the preset obstruction risk threshold, the dynamic lung recruitment module performs recruitment and pressure increase according to the original set pressure increase rate; when the airway pressure fluctuation evaluation value further increases and reaches the pause threshold, the central control module pauses recruitment and pressure increase, and prioritizes maintaining or starting oscillation processing until the airway pressure fluctuation evaluation value decreases to the range that allows lung recruitment.

[0092] After entering the lung recruitment and pressurization phase, the central control module activates the dynamic lung recruitment module, controlling the graded pressure boosting unit to gradually increase the airway pressure at the patient end according to the adjusted pressurization rate.

[0093] The real-time monitoring module continuously collects the patient's airway pressure during the pressurization process. The central control module adjusts the opening of the proportional control valve according to the difference between the target pressure curve and the actual airway pressure, so that the actual airway pressure increases step by step according to the target pressure curve.

[0094] Once the airway pressure at the patient's end reaches the set target pressure for re-expansion, the system enters the re-expansion maintenance phase and maintains the target pressure for a preset time.

[0095] After the re-expansion maintenance phase ends, the central control module closes the re-expansion pressure branch, allowing the patient-side airway pressure to return to the baseline ventilation pressure range, and then automatically switches to the oscillatory enhancement phase.

[0096] During the oscillation enhancement phase, the central control module controls the integrated airway oscillation module to output pressure pulses according to the adjusted oscillation pressure amplitude based on the lung compliance proportional coefficient. In one exemplary setting, the oscillation enhancement phase lasts for 5 minutes.

[0097] After the oscillation enhancement phase ends, the system enters the status verification phase. The real-time monitoring module re-acquires airway pressure and tidal volume data, and the algorithm processing unit recalculates the airway pressure fluctuation evaluation value and the current lung compliance.

[0098] When the current lung compliance recovers to more than 90% of the reference lung compliance and the airway pressure fluctuation evaluation value decreases to below the preset recovery threshold, the central control module ends the coordinated ventilation program and restores the basic ventilation mode.

[0099] When the current lung compliance has not yet reached the recovery condition and the running time of the coordinated ventilation program has not reached the preset upper limit, the central control module continues to execute the next round of the re-expansion and pressurization phase and the oscillation enhancement phase.

[0100] When the coordinated ventilation program reaches its preset maximum runtime, the central control module stops oscillating output and re-expansion pressurization, and resumes basic ventilation mode. In one exemplary setup, the single run time of the coordinated ventilation program is 5–30 minutes.

[0101] Throughout the coordinated ventilation process, the central control module continuously performs safety pressure checks.

[0102] The system has pre-set pressure warning thresholds, software interruption thresholds, and mechanical pressure relief thresholds. Among them, the pressure warning threshold is lower than the software interruption threshold, and the software interruption threshold is lower than or equal to the mechanical pressure relief threshold.

[0103] When the airway pressure at the patient end reaches the pressure warning threshold, the central control module reduces the oscillating pressure amplitude or the re-expansion pressure rate and outputs pressure warning information through the human-machine interface.

[0104] When the patient-side airway pressure reaches the software interruption threshold, the central control module immediately stops the oscillating pressure pulse output, closes the re-expansion pressure branch, and resumes the basic ventilation mode. This interruption control signal has a higher priority than the oscillation control signal, the re-expansion pressure boosting control signal, and the normal phase switching signal.

[0105] In one exemplary setup, the software interruption threshold is 40 cmH2O. Interruption control is triggered when the patient-side airway pressure reaches 40 cmH2O, without waiting for the pressure to exceed this threshold before implementing protection.

[0106] When electronic control fails to effectively reduce airway pressure and the airway pressure continues to rise to the mechanical pressure relief threshold, the pressure relief valve opens the pressure relief path to form a mechanical safety protection independent of electronic control.

[0107] When any of the following situations occur: loss of airway pressure signal, abnormal tidal volume signal, airway leakage, patient-end tubing detachment, execution module failure, or blood oxygen saturation falling below a preset safety threshold, the central control module can also execute a safety interruption and output alarm information through the audible and visual alarm unit.

[0108] Following a safety interruption, the central control module records the time of the anomaly, the type of anomaly, and the airway pressure, tidal volume, lung compliance, oscillation pressure amplitude, and recruitment pressure prior to the anomaly. The system can only restart the coordinated ventilation procedure after the anomaly has been resolved and confirmed by the operator.

[0109] In one specific operational procedure, the operator first connects the basic ventilation tubing to the patient-side interface, starts the basic ventilation module, and sets the ventilation mode, tidal volume, respiratory rate, and positive end-expiratory pressure parameters according to the patient's ventilation needs. Sensor calibration and reference lung compliance calculations are completed under basic ventilation conditions. After the operator initiates the coordinated ventilation function through the human-machine interface, the real-time monitoring module continuously collects airway pressure and tidal volume data.

[0110] When the system detects airway obstruction risk and a declining trend in lung compliance, the central control module first initiates oscillation preprocessing, adjusting the oscillation pressure amplitude based on current lung compliance. After oscillation preprocessing, the system adjusts the recruitment and pressure increase rate based on the airway pressure fluctuation coefficient, and performs recruitment and pressure maintenance. After recruitment and pressure maintenance, the system automatically switches to the oscillation enhancement phase. Airway pressure fluctuation and lung compliance are reassessed after each round of recruitment and oscillation processing. When recovery conditions are met, coordinated ventilation is stopped and basal ventilation is resumed; when recovery conditions are not met, the next round of coordinated control continues within the safe pressure and runtime range.

[0111] Through the aforementioned system structure and operation mode, the integrated airway oscillation module and the dynamic lung recruitment module can be uniformly controlled by the central control module within the same airway pathway. The central control module uses airway pressure fluctuation coefficient and lung compliance changes as linkage control variables to couple and regulate the oscillation pressure amplitude and recruitment rate, forming a complete coordinated ventilation closed loop through automatic switching between the recruitment phase and the oscillation enhancement phase. The main control logic described in the original document includes lung compliance proportional regulation, airway pressure fluctuation coefficient regulation, alternating recruitment and oscillation operation, and a 40cmH2O safety interruption; this implementation method has been reorganized accordingly.

[0112] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A synchronized ventilation system integrating airway oscillation and lung recruitment functions, characterized in that, It includes a basic ventilation module, an integrated airway oscillation module, a dynamic lung recruitment module, a real-time monitoring module, and a central control module; The integrated airway oscillation module is located between the expiratory valve and the Y-shaped tubing of the basic ventilation module, and the dynamic lung recruitment module is connected in parallel to the pressure output tubing of the basic ventilation module through a pressure branch. The real-time monitoring module collects airway pressure and tidal volume, calculates the airway pressure fluctuation coefficient based on the maximum, minimum and average pressure during the inspiratory phase, and calculates lung compliance based on the tidal volume change value and the corresponding airway pressure change value. When the airway pressure fluctuation coefficient indicates airway obstruction and lung compliance shows a downward trend over three consecutive respiratory cycles, the central control module calculates the ratio of initial lung compliance to current lung compliance, adjusts the oscillation pressure amplitude according to the ratio, adjusts the lung recruitment pressure rate according to the airway pressure fluctuation coefficient, and switches to the oscillation enhancement phase after completing the recruitment maintenance phase.

2. A synchronised ventilation system integrating airway oscillation and lung recruitment functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The integrated airway oscillation module includes an electromagnetically driven pressure pulse generator, a frequency adjustment unit, a pressure amplitude control unit, and a synchronous trigger sensor. The synchronous trigger sensor is connected to the respiratory cycle signal line of the basic ventilation module. The frequency adjustment unit controls the output of pressure pulses within a preset respiratory phase according to the trigger signal output by the synchronous trigger sensor, so that the oscillating pressure is superimposed on the basic ventilation pressure.

3. The integrated airway oscillatory and lung recruitment function synchronized ventilation system of claim 1, wherein, The airway pressure fluctuation coefficient is calculated according to the following formula: ； in, This represents the maximum airway pressure during the inspiratory phase. This represents the minimum airway pressure during the inspiratory phase. Mean airway pressure during the inspiratory phase.

4. The synergistic ventilation system integrating airway oscillation and lung recruitment functions according to claim 3, characterized in that, The real-time monitoring module includes a sputum blockage identification unit. The sputum blockage identification unit generates a blockage determination signal based on the airway pressure fluctuation coefficient, and outputs a coordinated trigger signal to the central control module when the blockage determination signal and the lung compliance decline trend exist simultaneously over three consecutive respiratory cycles.

5. A synergistic ventilation system integrating airway oscillation and lung recruitment functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The real-time monitoring module includes an airway pressure sensor, a tidal volume sensor, and a lung compliance calculation unit. The lung compliance calculation unit calculates lung compliance according to the following formula. : ； in, This represents the change in tidal volume within a single respiratory cycle. This represents the change in airway pressure during the corresponding respiratory cycle.

6. The synergistic ventilation system integrating airway oscillation and lung recruitment functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central control module uses the ratio of the initial lung compliance value recorded when the coordinated ventilation program is started to the current lung compliance value as a proportionality coefficient. When the proportionality coefficient is greater than 1, the current oscillation pressure amplitude is adjusted to the product of the baseline amplitude and the proportionality coefficient, and the maximum peak increment of the pressure pulse relative to the baseline ventilation pressure is limited to no more than 5 cmH2O.

7. A synergistic ventilation system integrating airway oscillation and lung recruitment functions according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the airway pressure fluctuation coefficient is in the range of 0.3 to 0.5, the central control module adjusts the pressure increase rate of the dynamic lung recruitment module to 0.8 times the original pressure increase rate, so that the recruitment pressure gradually increases according to the adjusted pressure increase rate.

8. A synergistic ventilation system integrating airway oscillation and lung recruitment functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central control module controls the integrated airway oscillation module and the dynamic lung recruitment module to operate alternately, sequentially executing the oscillation pretreatment stage, the lung recruitment stage, and the oscillation enhancement stage. The lung recruitment stage includes a recruitment and pressurization stage and a recruitment and maintenance stage. The oscillation enhancement stage is initiated after the recruitment and maintenance stage and lasts for a preset time.

9. A synergistic ventilation system integrating airway oscillation and lung recruitment functions according to claim 8, characterized in that, The central control module reacquires the current lung compliance after each oscillation enhancement phase. When the current lung compliance recovers to more than 90% of the initial lung compliance, the coordinated ventilation program ends. When the current lung compliance does not reach 90% of the initial lung compliance and the preset treatment time limit is not reached, the lung recruitment phase and oscillation enhancement phase continue to be executed.

10. A synergistic ventilation system integrating airway oscillation and lung recruitment functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic lung recruitment module includes a graded pressure boosting unit, a pressure boosting rate regulating unit, a pressure safety valve, and a flow monitor. The graded pressure boosting unit is connected in parallel to the pressure output line of the basic ventilation module via a three-way connector. When the real-time monitoring module detects that the airway pressure reaches 40 cmH2O, the central control module outputs an interrupt control signal with priority higher than the oscillation control signal, the recruitment pressure boosting control signal, and the stage switching signal, forcibly stopping the oscillation output and recruitment pressure boosting, and restoring the basic ventilation mode.

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