A counterflow choke pipe deflagration flame arrester

Abstract

This invention discloses a counter-flow obstruction type pipeline deflagration flame arrestor, comprising: a pipeline assembly, a counter-flow obstruction element, and an ejector deflagration element. The pipeline assembly includes a pipeline and a pressure sensor. The counter-flow obstruction element includes a rupture disc, an airflow chamber, a co-current pipe, and a counter-flow pipe. The rupture disc covers the rupture disc opening and is fixedly connected to the pipeline. The airflow chamber has an annular cavity structure and is fixed to the outside of the pipeline in a sleeve manner, encapsulating the rupture disc and its opening inside the airflow chamber. Multiple co-current pipes communicating with the interior of the airflow chamber are arranged circumferentially along the annular sidewall opposite to the pressure sensor. The counter-flow pipes are bent pipes, and their number is the same as the number of co-current pipes and jet outlets, corresponding one-to-one. One end of the counter-flow pipe is connected to the outlet of the co-current pipe, and the other end of the counter-flow pipe is connected to the jet outlet. This invention has the advantages of good flame blocking effect, compact structure, and rapid response.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of deflagration prevention technology for pipeline transportation of combustible gases, and in particular to a counter-flow obstruction type pipeline deflagration flame arrestor. Background Technology

[0002] In industries such as petrochemicals, oil and gas storage and transportation, mine ventilation, and gas supply, pipeline systems handling combustible gases or dust are widespread. During normal operation, combustible mixtures may form within these systems, which can ignite accidentally, potentially leading to combustion or even an explosion. Once an explosion occurs in a pipeline, its development is often extremely violent: the explosion pressure wave and the flame front propagate sequentially along the pipeline's axis. The leading pressure wave pre-compresses and induces turbulence in the unburned mixture, significantly increasing its initial temperature and pressure, thus accelerating flame propagation. In sufficiently long pipelines, this acceleration process can transform the combustion wave from subsonic deflagration to supersonic detonation, potentially posing a devastating threat to downstream equipment, storage tanks, and personnel safety.

[0003] Existing pipeline fire and explosion protection technologies are mainly divided into two categories: passive and active. Passive flame arrestors typically rely on the wall effect and heat dissipation of porous media or narrow channels to quench flames. These devices are simple in structure and require no external power source, but their effectiveness in blocking high-speed propagating deflagration and detonation waves is limited. Active explosion suppression devices, on the other hand, detect flame or pressure signals through sensors, triggering the injection of explosion suppression powder to attempt to form a suppression barrier before the flame arrives. However, most existing active explosion suppression devices use a unidirectional injection method, with the injection direction being the same as the flame propagation direction. This results in insufficient deceleration and blocking of the flame front, preventing the synergistic effect of the chemical suppression and physical barrier of the explosion suppression powder from being fully realized.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a counter-flow obstruction type pipeline deflagration flame arrestor to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, namely, to solve the problem that existing active explosion suppression devices mostly adopt a unidirectional injection method, with the injection direction being the same as the flame propagation direction, which is not sufficient to slow down and block the flame front, resulting in the inability to fully exert the synergistic effect of the chemical suppression effect and physical barrier of the explosion suppression powder.

[0006] To this end, the present invention provides a counter-flow obstruction type pipeline deflagration flame arrestor, comprising: A pipeline assembly includes a pipeline and a pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is mounted on the pipeline. A bursting disc orifice and a jet outlet are sequentially opened on the pipeline on one side of the pressure sensor along the conveying direction. The number of jet outlets is multiple and they are evenly distributed along the circumference. A flow-blocking device includes a rupture disc, an airflow chamber, a forward flow tube, and a reverse flow tube. The rupture disc covers the rupture disc opening and is fixedly connected to the pipeline to seal the rupture disc opening. The airflow chamber has an annular cavity structure and is fixed to the outside of the pipeline in a sleeve manner, encapsulating the rupture disc and the rupture disc opening inside the airflow chamber. On the annular sidewall of the airflow chamber facing away from the pressure sensor, multiple forward flow tubes communicating with the inside of the airflow chamber are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction. The reverse flow tubes are bent tubes, and their number is the same as the number of forward flow tubes and jet outlets, corresponding one-to-one. One end of the reverse flow tube is connected to the outlet of the forward flow tube, and the other end of the reverse flow tube is connected to the jet outlet. In the event of a rupture, the airflow entering the airflow chamber from the rupture disc opening is conveyed forward through the forward flow tube to enter the reverse flow tube. The reverse flow tube is configured to guide the airflow flowing out of the forward flow tube into a jet with the opposite flow direction, and eject it through the jet outlet to block the airflow in the pipeline. The ejector explosion suppressor is configured to control whether the mixed jet containing explosion suppressant powder is injected into the counterflow pipe based on the pressure signal detected by the pressure sensor, and together with the airflow in the opposite direction in the counterflow pipe, it is injected from the jet outlet into the pipeline to suppress the explosion.

[0007] In a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned counter-flow obstruction type pipeline deflagration flame interruptor, the outermost wall of the airflow cavity is in an upwardly inclined state at an acute angle to the pipeline axis, and the internal flow channel direction of the downstream pipe is tangential to the direction of the outermost wall surface of the airflow cavity.

[0008] In a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned counter-flow obstruction type pipeline deflagration flame arrestor, the rupture disc orifice is an annular through-hole opened along the circumference of the pipeline, and the rupture disc is an annular cylindrical structure to close the entire annular through-hole.

[0009] In the specific embodiment of the above-mentioned counter-flow obstruction type pipeline deflagration flame arrestor, the angle between the central axis of the forward flow pipe and the central axis of the pipeline is 10° to 20°, and the angle between the central axis of the part where the counter-flow pipe is connected to the jet outlet and the central axis of the pipeline is 25° to 35°.

[0010] In a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned counter-flow obstruction type pipeline deflagration flame interruptor, the ejector deflagration component includes an airflow delivery module, a delivery pipe, a deflagration powder chamber, and a nozzle. The airflow delivery module is located on the side of the counter-flow obstruction component away from the pressure sensor. The number of delivery pipes is the same as the number of counter-flow pipes and corresponds one-to-one. One end of the delivery pipe is connected to the airflow delivery module, and the other end of the delivery pipe extends into the corresponding counter-flow pipe near the jet outlet, and a nozzle is installed on it. The outlet of the deflagration powder chamber is connected to the inside of the delivery pipe. The pressure sensor is communicatively connected to the airflow delivery module. The airflow delivery module is configured to control whether to deliver high-pressure airflow into the delivery pipe based on the pressure signal detected by the pressure sensor.

[0011] In a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned counter-flow obstruction type pipeline deflagration flame arrestor, the airflow delivery module includes an airflow distribution chamber, an inlet pipe, and an airflow delivery system. The airflow distribution chamber is a hollow annular structure. The airflow distribution chamber is sleeved on the pipe on the side of the delivery pipe away from the counter-flow obstruction component. One end of the delivery pipe is fixedly connected to the airflow distribution chamber and is in a communicating state. One end of the inlet pipe is connected to the annular sidewall of the airflow distribution chamber away from the delivery pipe. The other end of the inlet pipe is connected to the airflow delivery system to control the delivery of high-pressure inert gas into the airflow distribution chamber through the inlet pipe according to the pressure signal detected by the pressure sensor.

[0012] In a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned counter-flow obstruction type pipeline deflagration flame interruptor, a distribution plate is fixed in the airflow distribution chamber at the position corresponding to the inflow pipe. The distribution plate is a fan-shaped flat plate structure. The outer arc surface of the distribution plate is fixed to the large-diameter wall surface of the inner wall of the airflow distribution chamber, and there is a gap between the inner arc surface and the small-diameter wall surface of the inner wall of the airflow distribution chamber for airflow to pass through.

[0013] In a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned counter-flow obstruction type pipeline deflagration flame interruptor, the airflow distribution chamber is an annular structure with a rectangular cross-section, and the central angle of the distribution plate is one-tenth of the central angle of the airflow distribution chamber.

[0014] In a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned counter-flow obstruction type pipeline deflagration flame arrestor, the delivery pipe includes an inclined pipe and an axial pipe connected together. The end of the axial pipe away from the inclined pipe is connected to the airflow distribution chamber. The central axis of the axial pipe is parallel to the central axis of the pipeline. The end of the inclined pipe away from the axial pipe extends into the counter-flow pipe and the nozzle is installed coaxially. The central axes of the inclined pipe and the nozzle coincide with the central axis of the part of the counter-flow pipe connected to the jet outlet.

[0015] In a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned counter-flow obstruction type pipeline deflagration flame interruptor, the explosion suppression powder chamber is an annular chamber with a conical funnel cross section. The explosion suppression powder chamber is sleeved on the outside of the axial pipe. The inner sidewall of the explosion suppression powder chamber is fixed with the same number of conveying pipes as the conveying pipes and they correspond one-to-one. The conveying pipes are perpendicularly and fixedly connected to the axial pipe.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Excellent flame blocking effect: On the one hand, the airflow direction inside the pipe is from left to right, while the high-speed jet ejected from inside the counterflow pipe is from right to left. The high-speed opposing jet airflow will largely block the spread of flame and deflagration to the downstream of the pipe. At the same time, the high-speed airflow ejected from inside the counterflow pipe is mainly inert nitrogen and explosion suppressing powder, which will interrupt the chemical chain reaction in the combustion and deflagration process, thereby achieving the purpose of blocking the reaction process.

[0017] 2. It has the advantage of rapid response: By combining the rapid feedback of pressure sensors, the flow obstruction of high-speed reverse jets, and the synergistic effect of inert gas and explosion-suppressing powder, it can achieve rapid response and explosion suppression effect to flame and deflagration accidents, preventing explosion accidents from occurring and spreading over a wide area. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the counter-flow obstruction type pipeline deflagration flame interruptor of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 Axial cross-section of the counter-flow obstruction type pipeline deflagration flame arrestor of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0020] Figure 3 Axial cross-section of the counter-flow obstruction type pipeline deflagration flame arrestor of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0021] Figure 4 A partially enlarged view showing the connection between the co-current pipe, the counter-current pipe, and the delivery pipe.

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction.

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view along the BB direction.

[0024] Figure 7 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view along the CC direction.

[0025] Figure 8 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view along the DD direction.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the airflow of the counter-flow obstruction type pipeline deflagration flame interruptor of the present invention.

[0027] List of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Flow obstruction component; 11. Rupture disc; 12. Airflow chamber; 13. Flow pipe; 14. Flow pipe; 2. Ejector explosion suppressor; 21. Nozzle; 22. Inclined pipe; 23. Explosion suppressant powder hopper; 24. Explosion suppressant powder; 25. Axial pipe; 26. Airflow distribution chamber; 27. Distribution plate; 28. Inflow pipe; 29. ​​Booster pump; 3. Pipeline assembly; 31. Pressure sensor; 32. Pipeline; 33. Rupture disc inlet; 34. Jet outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the system or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the convenience of distinguishing the aforementioned components. Unless otherwise stated, these terms have no special meaning and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "setting," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] To prevent the spread of deflagration caused by the ignition of combustible gases in pipelines, and even the risk of deflagration turning into detonation, this invention proposes a counter-flow obstruction type pipeline deflagration flame arrestor, which has the advantages of good flame blocking effect, compact structure and rapid response.

[0032] The following is a detailed description of a counter-flow obstruction type pipeline deflagration flame interrupter provided by an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] See Figures 1-9 This invention provides a counterflow-blocking pipe 32 deflagration flame arrestor, comprising: a pipe 32 assembly 3, a counterflow-blocking component 1, and an ejector deflagration suppressor 2; the pipe 32 assembly 3 includes a pipe 32 and a pressure sensor 31, the pressure sensor 31 is installed on the pipe 32, when a combustible gas deflagration occurs inside the pipe 32, under the influence of pressure wave, the pressure sensor 31 can detect the sudden increase in pressure, thereby transmitting the pressure rise signal to the control module in the ejector deflagration suppressor 2 through a signal transmission line connected to the pressure sensor 31; on the pipe 32 on one side of the pressure sensor 31, a rupture disc orifice 33 and a jet outlet 34 are sequentially opened along the conveying direction, the number of jet outlets 34 is multiple and evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the jet outlets 34 can be rectangular; The flow obstruction component 1 includes a rupture disc 11, an airflow chamber 12, a forward flow pipe 13, and a reverse flow pipe 14. The rupture disc 11 covers the rupture disc opening 33 and is fixedly connected to the pipe 32 to seal the rupture disc opening 33. The airflow chamber 12 has an annular cavity structure and is fixed to the outside of the pipe 32 in a sleeve manner, encapsulating the rupture disc 11 and the rupture disc opening 33 inside the airflow chamber 12. On the annular sidewall of the airflow chamber 12 facing away from the pressure sensor 31, multiple forward flow pipes 13 and reverse flow pipes 14 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction and communicate with the inside of the airflow chamber 12. The number of bends is the same as the number of forward flow pipes 13 and jet outlets 34, and they correspond one-to-one. One end of the reverse flow pipe 14 is connected to the outlet of the forward flow pipe 13, and the other end of the reverse flow pipe 14 is connected to the jet outlet 34. In the event of an explosion, the airflow entering the airflow chamber 12 from the rupture disc opening 33 is conveyed forward through the forward flow pipe 13 to enter the reverse flow pipe 14. The reverse flow pipe 14 is configured to guide the airflow flowing out of the forward flow pipe 13 into a jet that flows in the opposite direction to it, and spray it out through the jet outlet 34 to obstruct the airflow in the pipe 32. The ejector explosion suppressor 2 is configured to control whether the mixed jet containing explosion suppressant powder 24 is injected into the counterflow pipe 14 and sprayed into the pipe 32 from the jet outlet 34 together with the airflow in the opposite direction in the counterflow pipe 14 to suppress the explosion.

[0034] In one example, the co-current and counter-current pipes are composed of multiple partitions combined with the airflow cavity. Specifically, the outermost wall of the airflow cavity extends outward along the axial direction of the pipe and bends to form an annular outer wall. The extended end of the annular outer wall is fixedly connected to the pipe. Multiple partitions are fixedly arranged evenly along the circumferential direction on the inner side of the annular outer wall. Each partition is spliced ​​with the annular outer wall to form a co-current pipe and a counter-current pipe. One end of the partition is fixedly connected to the annular side wall of the airflow cavity away from the pressure sensor, and the other end is fixedly connected to the pipe.

[0035] In the above embodiments, pipeline 32 is the actual pipeline for transporting combustible gases such as natural gas and hydrogen. This invention uses a section of pipeline 32 as an example for illustration. Figure 1 As shown, the direction of airflow in the pipe 32 is defined as flowing from left to right. The airflow chamber 12 is an annular cavity structure. When the pressure wave and airflow from the upstream cause the rupture disc 11 to break, the high-pressure airflow will pass through the rupture disc opening 33 in the circumferential direction and flow into the airflow chamber 12 in all directions. Then it will flow into the downstream pipe 13 connected to it and enter the upstream pipe 14 along the downstream pipe 13.

[0036] In the above embodiment, on the annular sidewall of the airflow cavity 12 facing away from the pressure sensor 31, which can also be referred to as the right annular sidewall, exemplarily, twenty-four downstream pipes 13 are arranged adjacently along the circumferential direction; the present invention is described using twenty-four downstream pipes 13 as an example, and the specific number can be adjusted according to the actual diameter of the pipe 32. When the diameter of the pipe 32 increases, the number of downstream pipes 13 can be appropriately increased, and when the diameter of the pipe 32 decreases, the number of downstream pipes 13 can be appropriately decreased; the number of downstream pipes 13, countercurrent pipes 14, and jet outlets 34 is the same.

[0037] In one embodiment, see Figure 2 The rupture disc orifice 33 is an annular through-hole opened along the circumference of the pipe 32, and the rupture disc 11 is an annular cylindrical structure to close the entire annular through-hole. The function of the rupture disc 11 is to be able to rupture quickly and completely under a set pressure, realize full-diameter pressure relief, and allow a portion of the airflow in the pipe 32 to enter the airflow chamber 12.

[0038] In one embodiment, see Figure 2 The outermost wall of the airflow cavity 12 is inclined upward at an acute angle to the axis of the pipe 32, and the internal flow direction of the co-flow pipe 13 is tangential to the direction of the outermost wall of the airflow cavity 12. This ensures smooth flow of the airflow from the airflow cavity 12 into the co-flow pipe 13, reducing frictional resistance during the flow process. It also ensures that the direction of the airflow inside the co-flow pipe 13 is approximately consistent with the direction of airflow and pressure wave propagation inside the pipe 32.

[0039] In one embodiment, the angle between the central axis of the forward flow pipe 13 and the central axis of the pipe 32 is 10° to 20°, and the angle between the central axis of the part where the reverse flow pipe 14 connects to the jet outlet 34 and the central axis of the pipe 32 is 25° to 35°.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, the counterflow pipe 14 is a near-U-shaped bend; one end of each counterflow pipe 14 is smoothly connected to the right end outlet of the forward flow pipe 13, and the other end is fixedly connected to the jet outlet 34; in this way, the airflow flowing inside the forward flow pipe 13 can be guided into a jet with the opposite flow direction, and ejected from the jet outlet 34 from right to left.

[0041] In one embodiment, see Figures 2-9 The ejector explosion suppression component 2 includes an airflow delivery module, a delivery pipe, an explosion suppression powder chamber 23, and a nozzle 21. The airflow delivery module is located on the side of the counterflow obstruction component 1 away from the pressure sensor 31. The number of delivery pipes is the same as the number of counterflow pipes 14 and they correspond one-to-one. One end of the delivery pipe is connected to the airflow delivery module, and the other end of the delivery pipe extends into the corresponding counterflow pipe 14 near the jet outlet 34, and a nozzle 21 is installed on it. The outlet of the explosion suppression powder chamber 23 is connected to the inside of the delivery pipe. The pressure sensor 31 is communicatively connected to the airflow delivery module. The airflow delivery module is configured to control whether to deliver high-pressure airflow into the delivery pipe according to the pressure signal detected by the pressure sensor 31. When high-pressure airflow is delivered into the delivery pipe, the explosion suppression powder 24 in the explosion suppression powder chamber 23 is mixed with the high-pressure airflow and ejected from the nozzle 21 into the counterflow pipe 14 based on Bernoulli's principle.

[0042] Specifically, nozzle 21 adopts a Laval nozzle structure, which can convert the airflow passing through nozzle 21 into a high-speed jet. The delivery pipe includes an inclined pipe 22 and an axial pipe 25 connected together. The end of the axial pipe 25 away from the inclined pipe 22 is connected to the airflow distribution chamber 26. The central axis of the axial pipe 25 is parallel to the central axis of the pipe 32. The end of the inclined pipe 22 away from the axial pipe 25 extends into the counterflow pipe 14 and the nozzle 21 is installed coaxially. The central axes of the inclined pipe 22 and the nozzle 21 coincide with the central axis of the part of the counterflow pipe 14 that connects to the jet outlet 34. The inclined pipe and the counterflow pipe are fixedly connected, and the airflow distribution chamber is supported in position by multiple delivery pipes.

[0043] In one embodiment, preferably, the pneumatic delivery module includes a pneumatic distribution chamber 26, an inflow pipe 28, and a pneumatic delivery system. The pneumatic distribution chamber 26 is a hollow annular structure. The pneumatic distribution chamber 26 is sleeved on the pipe 32 on the side of the delivery pipe away from the reverse flow obstruction 1. One end of the delivery pipe is fixedly connected to the pneumatic distribution chamber 26 and is in a communicating state. One end of the inflow pipe 28 is connected to the annular sidewall of the pneumatic distribution chamber 26 away from the delivery pipe. The other end of the inflow pipe 28 is connected to the pneumatic delivery system so as to control the delivery of high-pressure inert gas into the pneumatic distribution chamber 26 through the inflow pipe 28 according to the pressure signal detected by the pressure sensor 31.

[0044] Specifically, the airflow distribution chamber 26 is a ring-shaped structure with a rectangular cross-section, coaxially fitted onto the pipe 32. The airflow delivery system includes a gas cylinder, a booster pump 29, airflow pipelines, control valves, and a control module. The input end of the booster pump 29 is connected to a gas storage tank (e.g., a nitrogen tank) via a pipeline, and the output end of the booster pump is connected to the other end of the inflow pipe via the airflow pipeline. A control valve is installed on the airflow pipeline, and the control valve, booster pump, and pressure sensor are all communicatively connected to the control module. The control module includes a controller, a signal conditioning circuit, a drive circuit, and a power supply module. The pressure sensor collects the pressure signal in the pipeline, which is filtered and amplified by the signal conditioning circuit before being sent to the controller. The controller compares the received value with a preset threshold and outputs a control signal to the drive circuit, which then drives the booster pump motor to start and stop, and the control valve to open and close. The power supply module supplies power to each unit.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the left annular sidewall of the airflow distribution chamber 26 is uniformly and vertically connected to multiple (e.g., twenty-four) axial pipes 25 along the circumferential direction; the inflow pipe 28 is vertically connected to the right annular sidewall of the airflow distribution chamber 26; there is one inflow pipe 28; the control module controls the start and stop of the booster pump 29; the booster pump 29 can rapidly inject the nitrogen gas flow in the nitrogen tank into each axial pipe 25 in a high-pressure form.

[0046] In the above embodiments, preferably, see [reference needed]. Figures 2-3 and Figure 8 A distribution plate 27 is fixed in the airflow distribution chamber 26 at the position corresponding to the inflow pipe 28. The distribution plate 27 is a fan-shaped flat plate structure. The outer arc surface of the distribution plate 27 is fixed to the large diameter wall surface of the inner wall of the airflow distribution chamber 26, and there is a gap between the inner arc surface and the small diameter wall surface of the inner wall of the airflow distribution chamber 26 to facilitate the passage of airflow.

[0047] In one embodiment, the central angle of the distribution plate 27 is one-tenth of the central angle of the airflow distribution chamber 26. For example, if the airflow distribution chamber 26 is annular with a central angle of 360°, then the central angle of the distribution plate 27 is 36°. The function of the distribution plate 27 is to guide and distribute the single stream of nitrogen gas injected from the inlet pipe 28, so that the nitrogen gas can be distributed relatively evenly along the circumference of the airflow distribution chamber 26, and then the flow rate flows evenly into the interior of each axial pipe 25.

[0048] In one embodiment, see Figures 2-3 The explosion suppression powder hopper 23 is an annular chamber with a conical funnel cross section. The explosion suppression powder hopper 23 is sleeved on the outside of the axial pipe 25. The inner side wall of the explosion suppression powder hopper 23 is fixed with the same number of conveying pipes as the conveying pipes and they correspond one-to-one. The conveying pipes are perpendicularly and fixedly connected to the axial pipe 25.

[0049] The working principle of this invention is as follows: When a combustible gas located upstream of pipe 32 ignites, spreads flame, or deflagrates, a pressure wave will rapidly propagate from left to right upstream. When the pressure wave reaches pressure sensor 31, pressure sensor 31 transmits the pressure signal to the control module. The control module controls the booster pump 29 to start, so that nitrogen in the gas storage tank flows into the gas distribution chamber 26 in the form of high-pressure gas flow. After the gas flow is evenly distributed by the distribution plate 27, it flows into each axial pipe 25. When the high-speed nitrogen gas flow is inside the axial pipe 25, based on Bernoulli's principle, a low-pressure zone will be generated at the inner outlet of the explosion suppression powder chamber 23, which will guide the explosion suppression powder 24 located inside the explosion suppression powder chamber 23 into the interior of the axial pipe 25. At this time, the nitrogen gas flow will mix with the explosion suppression powder 24, and then be sprayed out at high speed through the nozzle 21 through the inclined pipe 22. At the same time, the pressure wave inside the pipe 32 will instantly reach the rupture disc 11. Under the action of high pressure, the airflow pressure will cause the rupture disc 11 to rupture. Then, a part of the airflow inside the pipe 32 will flow into each downstream pipe 13 and the downstream pipe 14 connected to it through the airflow chamber 12. It will meet the mixed jet of nitrogen gas and explosion suppressant powder 24 sprayed at high speed by the nozzle 21. Under the entrainment effect of the high-speed jet, more airflow will be further promoted to be sprayed into the interior of the pipe 32 from the interior of the downstream pipe 14 along the downstream direction. In the above process, on the one hand, the airflow direction inside the pipe 32 is from left to right, while the high-speed jet ejected from the inside of the counterflow pipe 14 is from right to left. The high-speed opposing jet will largely block the flame and deflagration from spreading downstream of the pipe 32. At the same time, the high-speed airflow ejected from the inside of the counterflow pipe 14 is mainly inert nitrogen and explosion suppressant powder 24, which will interrupt the chemical chain reaction in the combustion and deflagration process, thereby achieving the purpose of blocking the reaction process.

[0050] In some embodiments, the pressure sensor and the control module communicate using a wireless communication module. The wireless communication module can be any of the following: Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) module, Wi-Fi module, ZigBee module, NB-IoT module, or RF transceiver module. The pressure sensor sends pressure data to the control module of the pneumatic delivery system through the wireless communication module, and the control module controls the start and stop of the booster pump according to the pressure value.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A counter-flow obstruction type pipeline deflagration flame arrestor, characterized in that, include: A pipeline assembly includes a pipeline and a pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is mounted on the pipeline. A bursting disc orifice and a jet outlet are sequentially opened on the pipeline on one side of the pressure sensor along the conveying direction. The number of jet outlets is multiple and they are evenly distributed along the circumference. A flow-blocking device includes a rupture disc, an airflow chamber, a forward flow tube, and a reverse flow tube. The rupture disc covers the rupture disc opening and is fixedly connected to the pipeline to seal the rupture disc opening. The airflow chamber has an annular cavity structure and is fixed to the outside of the pipeline in a sleeve manner, encapsulating the rupture disc and the rupture disc opening inside the airflow chamber. On the annular sidewall of the airflow chamber facing away from the pressure sensor, multiple forward flow tubes communicating with the inside of the airflow chamber are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction. The reverse flow tubes are bent tubes, and their number is the same as the number of forward flow tubes and jet outlets, corresponding one-to-one. One end of the reverse flow tube is connected to the outlet of the forward flow tube, and the other end of the reverse flow tube is connected to the jet outlet. In the event of a rupture, the airflow entering the airflow chamber from the rupture disc opening is conveyed forward through the forward flow tube to enter the reverse flow tube. The reverse flow tube is configured to guide the airflow flowing out of the forward flow tube into a jet with the opposite flow direction, and eject it through the jet outlet to block the airflow in the pipeline. The ejector explosion suppressor is configured to control whether the mixed jet containing explosion suppressant powder is injected into the counterflow pipe based on the pressure signal detected by the pressure sensor, and together with the airflow in the opposite direction in the counterflow pipe, it is injected from the jet outlet into the pipeline to suppress the explosion.

2. The counter-flow obstruction type pipeline deflagration flame arrestor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outermost wall of the airflow cavity is inclined upward at an acute angle to the pipe axis, and the internal flow channel of the downstream pipe is arranged tangentially to the direction of the outermost wall of the airflow cavity.

3. The counter-flow obstruction type pipeline deflagration flame arrestor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rupture disc opening is an annular through-hole opened along the circumference of the pipe, and the rupture disc is an annular cylindrical structure to close the entire annular through-hole.

4. The counter-flow obstruction type pipeline deflagration flame arrestor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle between the central axis of the forward flow pipe and the central axis of the main pipe is 10° to 20°, and the angle between the central axis of the part where the reverse flow pipe connects to the jet outlet and the central axis of the main pipe is 25° to 35°.

5. The counter-flow obstruction type pipeline deflagration flame arrestor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ejector explosion suppression component includes an airflow delivery module, delivery pipes, an explosion suppression powder chamber, and nozzles. The airflow delivery module is located on the side of the counterflow obstruction component away from the pressure sensor. The number of delivery pipes is the same as the number of counterflow pipes and they correspond one-to-one. One end of each delivery pipe is connected to the airflow delivery module, and the other end of each delivery pipe extends into the corresponding counterflow pipe near the jet outlet, and a nozzle is installed on it. The outlet of the explosion suppression powder chamber is connected to the inside of the delivery pipe. The pressure sensor is communicatively connected to the airflow delivery module. The airflow delivery module is configured to control whether to deliver high-pressure airflow into the delivery pipe based on the pressure signal detected by the pressure sensor.

6. The counter-flow obstruction type pipeline deflagration flame arrestor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The airflow delivery module includes an airflow distribution chamber, an inlet pipe, and an airflow delivery system. The airflow distribution chamber is a hollow annular structure. The airflow distribution chamber is sleeved on the pipe on the side of the delivery pipe away from the counterflow obstruction. One end of the delivery pipe is fixedly connected to the airflow distribution chamber and is in a communicating state. One end of the inlet pipe is connected to the annular sidewall of the airflow distribution chamber away from the delivery pipe. The other end of the inlet pipe is connected to the airflow delivery system to control the delivery of high-pressure inert gas into the airflow distribution chamber through the inlet pipe according to the pressure signal detected by the pressure sensor.

7. The counter-flow obstruction type pipeline deflagration flame arrestor according to claim 6, characterized in that, A distribution plate is fixed in the airflow distribution chamber at the location corresponding to the inflow pipe. The distribution plate is a fan-shaped flat plate structure. The outer arc surface of the distribution plate is fixed to the large-diameter wall surface of the airflow distribution chamber, and there is a gap between the inner arc surface and the small-diameter wall surface of the airflow distribution chamber for airflow to pass through.

8. The counter-flow obstruction type pipeline deflagration flame arrestor according to claim 7, characterized in that, The airflow distribution chamber is an annular structure with a rectangular cross-section, and the central angle of the distribution plate is one-tenth of the central angle of the airflow distribution chamber.

9. The counter-flow obstruction type pipeline deflagration flame arrestor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The delivery pipe includes an inclined pipe and an axial pipe connected together. The end of the axial pipe away from the inclined pipe is connected to the airflow distribution chamber. The central axis of the axial pipe is parallel to the central axis of the pipe. The end of the inclined pipe away from the axial pipe extends into the counterflow pipe and the nozzle is installed coaxially. The central axes of the inclined pipe and the nozzle coincide with the central axis of the part of the counterflow pipe connected to the jet outlet.

10. The counter-flow obstruction type pipeline deflagration flame arrestor according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The explosion suppression powder silo is an annular chamber with a conical funnel cross-section. The explosion suppression powder silo is sleeved on the outside of the axial pipe. The inner sidewall of the explosion suppression powder silo is fixed with the same number of conveying pipes as the conveying pipes, and the conveying pipes are fixedly connected to the axial pipe perpendicularly.

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