A self-cleaning filter device with replaceable filter screen

Abstract

This invention discloses a self-cleaning filtration device with replaceable filter screen, belonging to the field of solid-liquid separation technology. It includes: a filter, hollow inside with an open upper surface; a filter cover, detachably mounted on the upper surface of the filter; and a filter bucket, detachably mounted inside the filter and located between the filter's inlet and outlet. The filter bucket has at least three different structural models for replacement. After filtered water enters the filter through the inlet, it passes through the filter bucket, and the filtered water is discharged from the outlet. Filtered sediment settles at the bottom of the filter. This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing conventional flushing filters, which often require external high-pressure backwashing pipelines, independent water supply valves, complex pipeline layouts, and can only clean the outer surface of the filter screen, failing to effectively remove sediment accumulated on the inner surface, resulting in limited self-cleaning performance. It also addresses the deficiencies of existing basket filters, such as the inability to replace the filter screen individually during shutdown, difficulty in cleaning accumulated sediment, and insufficient self-cleaning performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of solid-liquid separation technology, specifically relating to a self-cleaning filtration device with replaceable filter screen. Background Technology

[0002] Water intake projects often rely heavily on mountain rivers as their water source, and these water bodies typically have high levels of silt and floating impurities. Currently, the accompanying filtration equipment is mostly integrated basket filters with a single-chamber, single-mesh structure. During long-term operation, silt continuously accumulates inside the filter mesh, reducing the effective water flow area, decreasing the inlet flow rate, and increasing the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet. In such cases, it is necessary to shut down the entire intake pipeline, manually remove the accumulated silt from the filter cover, and directly interrupt the water supply process, significantly reducing the continuous operating efficiency of the water conservancy system.

[0003] Traditional basket filters have their filter screens welded to the cylinder, making independent disassembly and assembly impossible. The filter screens are easily clogged and damaged due to long-term exposure to silt and water corrosion. Once the filter screen is damaged, the entire filtration system must be replaced, resulting in high costs for equipment procurement, on-site disassembly, and transportation. Furthermore, the single-chamber structure lacks a directional drainage channel, preventing the rapid removal of accumulated silt. Manual cleaning of the filter screens is labor-intensive and yields poor cleaning results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a self-cleaning filtration device with replaceable filter screens. It achieves direct discharge of sediment through a large-diameter sand discharge structure at the bottom of the cylinder. Combined with a modular, detachable filter barrel, the filter screen can be individually removed and replaced without replacing the entire filter barrel, effectively reducing maintenance costs. It solves the problems of existing conventional backwash filters, which often require external high-pressure backwash pipelines, independent water supply valves, complex pipeline layouts, and can only clean the outer surface of the filter screen, failing to effectively remove sediment accumulated on the inner surface, resulting in limited self-cleaning performance. It also addresses the shortcomings of existing basket filters, such as the inability to replace the filter screen individually during shutdown, difficulty in cleaning accumulated sand, and insufficient self-cleaning performance.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: A self-cleaning filter device with replaceable filter screen, comprising: The filter is hollow inside and has an open upper surface. The filter cover is detachably mounted on the upper surface of the filter. A filter canister is detachably installed inside the filter and located between the filter's inlet and outlet; the filter canister is provided with at least three different structural models for replacement. After the filtered water enters the filter through the inlet, it passes through the filter bucket, and the filtered water is discharged from the outlet; the filtered silt settles at the bottom of the filter.

[0006] Preferably, the filter barrel has an upper flange at the upper edge and a lower flange at the lower edge. A filter screen support plate is provided on the inner wall of the filter, near the upper side of the filter; a filter screen bottom plate is provided on the inner wall of the filter, near the lower side of the filter. The upper flange is detachably mounted on the filter screen support plate, and then an upper filter screen pressure plate is pressed on top of the upper flange; the lower flange is mounted on the filter screen base plate; Several bolt holes are evenly spaced on the upper flange, lower flange, upper filter screen pressure plate, filter screen support plate, and filter screen base plate; the bolt holes between the upper flange, upper filter screen pressure plate, and filter screen support plate are aligned one by one, and the bolt holes between the lower flange and filter screen base plate are aligned one by one; locking anchors are inserted into the bolt holes in sequence and tightened by screwing on the nuts; thus realizing the installation of the filter barrel in the filter.

[0007] Preferably, the first end of the sand discharge pipe is centrally located at the bottom of the filter, and the sand discharge pipe communicates with the interior of the filter; A gate valve is installed on the sand discharge pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the filter barrel is configured as filter barrel a structure, with a through hole on the side wall of filter barrel a, a connecting pipe extending outward from the through hole, and a side flange on the end face edge of the connecting pipe away from filter barrel a. An inner tube flange is provided on the edge of the end face where the water inlet connects to the filter. The filter barrel a is placed inside the filter. The side flange and the inner tube flange cooperate to achieve alignment between the connecting pipe and the water inlet. The inner diameter of the water inlet is the same as the inner diameter of the connecting pipe. The outer wall of the filter barrel a is configured as a large-pore filter screen a, which serves as a support for the filter barrel a. An upper flange is provided at the upper edge of the large-pore filter screen a, and a lower flange is provided at the lower edge. A filter screen cover is provided on the inner side of a large-aperture filter screen a located on one side of the connecting pipe. The filter screen cover covers the area from the upper flange to the lower flange of the filter barrel a in the width direction, and the extension length is at least 1.2 times the width of the part where the water inlet intersects with the side of the filter barrel a. A small-pore filter a is located inside the large-pore filter a and directly opposite the filter screen cover; Located on both sides of the filter screen cover along its length, at least two sets of blocks are provided on each side; the two sides of the small-aperture filter screen a along its length are secured within the blocks.

[0009] Preferably, the filter barrel is configured as filter barrel b structure, and the upper and lower ends of the filter barrel b are respectively provided with an upper flange and a lower flange; When using filter cartridge b, the inlet of the filter is located below the bottom of filter cartridge b; the outlet is located directly opposite filter cartridge b. The water inlet extends into the filter and is connected to the water inlet bend, which is located in the center of the filter barrel b. Several outlet holes are evenly spaced on the side wall of the inlet bend. The filter barrel b uses a large-pore filter screen b as a support, and the upper flange and the lower flange are respectively set on the upper and lower end face edges of the large-pore filter screen b. A small-aperture filter b is provided inside the large-aperture filter b. The upper and lower edges of the small-aperture filter b are folded, and it is pressed by the upper flange and the lower flange respectively during installation.

[0010] Preferably, the filter barrel is configured as a filter barrel c structure, and the upper and lower ends of the filter barrel c are respectively provided with an upper flange and a lower flange; When using filter canister c, the inlet of the filter is also lower than the bottom of filter canister c, and the outlet is directly opposite filter canister c. The water inlet extends into the filter and is connected to the water inlet bend, which is located in the center of the filter barrel c. Several outlet holes are evenly spaced on the side wall of the inlet bend. The filter barrel c is supported by a large-pore filter screen c, and the upper and lower end edges of the large-pore filter screen c are respectively provided with an upper flange and a lower flange. The large-aperture filter screen c has a filter screen skeleton arranged longitudinally and transversely on its inner side. The upper end of the filter screen skeleton is provided with an upper flange and the lower end is provided with a lower flange. The upper flange and the lower flange are respectively attached to the upper end face of the lower flange. A small-pore filter c is provided inside the large-pore filter c.

[0011] Preferably, the distance L between the top of the inlet bend and the bottom of the filter is 0.4 to 0.8 times the filter height H; that is, 0.4H≤L≤0.8H is the most reasonable range of values. The top of the water inlet bend is a closed structure; the water outlet holes on the side wall of the water inlet bend have an axially increasing inner diameter from top to bottom. The total area of ​​the outlet holes opened on the side wall of the inlet bend is 1.2 to 2 times the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet bend.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention provides a self-cleaning filtration device with replaceable filter screen, and provides three replaceable filter canister structures; It adopts a detachable and replaceable filter canister structure, which is suitable for low sand content scenarios with many floating impurities, easy-to-break filter screens, and frequent screen replacements for filter canister a. The side-entry direct connection structure minimizes flow resistance, and the groove-like structure formed by the baffles on both sides of the filter screen baffle allows for easy replacement of small-diameter filter screen a by simply opening the cover and pulling it out, without having to disassemble the filter canister body. For the matching filter scenarios of filter canisters b and c, the water inlet extends into the filter and is connected to the water inlet bend. The filtered water flows through the water inlet bend and forms a central jet that is sprayed onto the small-diameter filter screens b and c on the inner wall of the filter canister. Utilizing the pressure and kinetic energy of the water itself, the radial variable aperture jet structure of the central water inlet bend forms a uniform flushing of the entire cross-section from the inside of the filter screen, realizing the self-cleaning of the filtration process simultaneously. There is no need to configure an additional backwash pump, valve and independent water supply pipeline, which significantly simplifies the system pipeline layout. With the inlet bend designed in a height range of 0.4H to 0.8H and an axial variable aperture water distribution structure, it avoids secondary clogging caused by jet disturbance of bottom sediment, and ensures uniform water flow velocity throughout the entire filter screen height. The flushing coverage is thorough and can effectively remove sediment accumulated on the inside of the filter screen, greatly extending the continuous operation cycle of the filter screen and reducing the frequency of shutdown for cleaning. All three filter canisters use a split structure with a large-pore filter screen on the outside as a support and a small-pore filter screen on the inside that is attached to the large-pore filter screen to undertake the core filtration task. The small-pore filter screen on the inside is the main water flow pressure-bearing component, and only the small-pore filter screen needs to be replaced if it is damaged. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a top view of the filter device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional three-dimensional structural diagram of the filter device of the present invention adapted to filter barrel a; Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the filter bucket a of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional three-dimensional structural diagram of the filter device of the present invention adapted to filter barrel b; Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the filter bucket b of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional three-dimensional structural diagram of the filter device of the present invention adapted to filter barrel c. Figure 7This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the filter bucket c of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the upper flange, upper filter screen pressure plate, and filter screen support plate of each filter barrel of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the lower flange and the bottom plate of each filter barrel in this invention; Figure 10 This is a photograph of the wear and tear on the valve assembly of the traditional, original, and compatible filtration equipment. Figure 11 These are real-world images of the filter modification provided by this invention; Figure 12 This is a diagram showing the state of the valve core and sealing surface of the valve assembly after the filter of this invention has been in operation for a certain period of time. Figure 13 A diagram showing the valve chamber state of the valve assembly after the filter of the present invention has been running for a certain period of time. In the attached diagram, the structural names represented by each number are as follows: 1-Filter, 2-Inlet, 3-Outlet, 4-Filter barrel a, 401-Large aperture filter screen a, 402-Upper flange, 403-Lower flange, 404-Side flange, 405-Connecting pipe, 406-Filter screen cover, 407-Small aperture filter screen a, 408-Block, 5-Gate valve, 6-Filter screen base plate, 7-Upper filter screen pressure plate, 8-Filter screen support plate, 9-Sand discharge pipe, 10-Locking anchor bolt, 11-Inlet bend, 12-Filter barrel b, 1201-Small aperture filter screen b, 1202-Large aperture filter screen b, 13-Filter barrel c, 1301-Filter screen skeleton upper flange, 1302-Filter screen skeleton, 1303-Large aperture filter screen c, 1304-Small aperture filter screen c, 1305-Filter screen skeleton lower flange. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] Example 1 like Figures 1-3 As shown, a self-cleaning filter device with replaceable filter screen includes: a filter 1 that is hollow inside and has an open structure at the top end, with a flange provided at the edge of the open structure at the top end; a filter cover that is detachably provided on the open structure at the top end, with a flange also provided at the bottom edge of the filter cover, and the filter cover and the top end of the filter 1 are fitted together by the flange. An inlet 2 and an outlet 3 are symmetrically positioned on the side wall of filter 1. Both inlet 2 and outlet 3 extend outward from a section of filter 1, and a flange structure is provided on the end face edge of the pipe section away from filter 1. In addition, an inner pipe flange is provided on the end face edge where inlet 2 connects to filter 1. A detachable filter barrel a4 is installed inside filter 1. The outer wall of the filter barrel is provided with a large-pore filter screen a401. The large-pore filter screen a401 serves as a support for the filter barrel a4. An upper flange 402 is provided at the upper edge of the large-pore filter screen a401, and a lower flange 403 is provided at the lower edge. The mesh size of the large-pore filter screen a401 is 8 to 20 mesh. A through hole is provided on the side wall of filter barrel a 4, and a connecting pipe 405 is provided extending outward from the through hole. A side flange 404 is provided on the end face edge of the connecting pipe 405 away from filter barrel a 4. A filter screen support plate 8 is provided on the inner wall of filter 1, near the upper side of filter 1, and a filter screen bottom plate 6 is provided near the lower side of filter 1. Filter canister a4 is placed inside filter 1. The upper flange 402 of filter canister a4 is mounted on filter screen support plate 8. Then, an upper filter screen pressure plate 7 is placed on the upper surface of the upper flange 402. The upper filter screen pressure plate 7 and filter 1 are independent components and are not connected. The lower flange 403 is mounted on filter screen base plate 6. Several bolt holes are evenly spaced on the upper flange 402, lower flange 403, upper filter screen pressure plate 7, filter screen support plate 8, and filter screen base plate 6. The bolt holes between the upper flange 402, upper filter screen pressure plate 7, and filter screen support plate 8 are aligned, and the bolt holes between the lower flange and filter screen base plate 6 are aligned. Locking anchors are inserted into the bolt holes in sequence and tightened by screwing on the nuts. This completes the installation of filter canister a4 inside filter 1. At this time, the side flange 404 on filter barrel a 4 is aligned with the inner pipe flange on the inlet 2, and the two flanges are locked together by bolts; the inner diameter of the inlet 2 is the same as the inner diameter of the connecting pipe 405 of filter barrel a 4; the above is the installation structure of filter barrel a 4 in filter 1. Inside the filter bucket a4, a filter screen cover 406 is installed on the inner side of the large-aperture filter screen a401 located on one side of the connecting pipe 405. The coverage width of the filter screen cover 406 extends from the upper flange 402 to the lower flange 403 area of ​​the filter bucket a4, and the extension length is greater than 1.2 times the width of the intersection of the inlet 2 and the side of the filter bucket a4. Inside the large-pore filter a 401, opposite the filter screen cover 406, is a small-pore filter a 407 with a mesh size of 20 to 80 meshes. On each side of the filter screen cover 406 along its length, there are two sets of blocks 408, which form a slot structure. The two sides of the small-pore filter a 407 along its length are secured in the blocks 408. To remove or install the small-pore filter a 407, simply pull or insert its two sides out of the blocks 408. A sand discharge pipe 9 is provided at the bottom center of the filter 1. The first end of the sand discharge pipe 9 is connected to the bottom of the filter 1 and the sand discharge pipe 9 is connected to the inside of the filter 1. A gate valve 5 is provided on the sand discharge pipe 9. In this embodiment, the gate valve 5 is an electrically controlled gate valve. The water to be filtered enters the filter 1 from the inlet 2, reaches the filter bucket a 4, and then passes through the filter bucket a 4. The filtered water is discharged from the outlet 3 of the filter 1. At this time, the filtered mud and sand and other impurities will settle to the bottom of the filter 1. When the gate valve 5 is opened, the mud and sand will be discharged from the sand discharge pipe 9.

[0017] Example 2 like Figure 4 , 5 As shown, a self-cleaning filter device with replaceable filter screen includes: a filter 1 that is hollow inside and has an open structure at the top end, with a flange provided at the edge of the open structure at the top end; a filter cover that is detachably provided on the open structure at the top end, with a flange also provided at the bottom edge of the filter cover, and the filter cover and the top end of the filter 1 are fitted together by the flange. An inlet 2 and an outlet 3 are symmetrically positioned on the side wall of filter 1. Both inlet 2 and outlet 3 extend outward from a section of filter 1, and a flange structure is provided on the end face edge of the pipe section away from filter 1. A detachable filter barrel b 12 is installed inside the filter 1. When using the filter barrel b 12, the water inlet 2 of the filter 1 is lower than the lower end of the filter barrel b 12, and the water outlet 3 is directly opposite the filter barrel b 12. The water inlet 2 extends into the filter 1 and is connected to the water inlet bend 11, which is located in the center of the filter barrel b 12. The distance L between the top of the inlet bend 11 and the bottom of the filter 1 is 0.4 to 0.8 times the height H of the filter 1, i.e., 0.4H≤L≤0.8H; the top of the inlet bend 11 is a closed structure, and several outlet holes are opened on the side wall of the inlet bend 11. The inner diameter of the outlet holes gradually increases from top to bottom along the axial direction of the inlet bend 11; the total area of ​​the outlet holes opened on the side wall of the inlet bend 11 is 1.2 to 2 times the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet bend 11. The filter barrel b 12 uses a large-pore filter screen b 1202 as a support, and an upper flange 402 and a lower flange 403 are respectively installed on the upper and lower end edges of the large-pore filter screen b 1202; the mesh size of the large-pore filter screen b 1202 is 8 to 20 mesh. Similarly, a filter screen support plate 8 is installed on the inner wall of filter 1, near the upper side of filter 1, and a filter screen base plate 6 is installed near the lower side of filter 1. The upper flange 402 of filter barrel b 12 is placed on the filter screen support plate 8, and an upper filter screen pressure plate 7 is pressed on the upper surface of the upper flange 402. The lower flange 403 is placed on the filter screen base plate 6. Several bolt holes are evenly spaced on the upper flange 402, lower flange 403, upper filter screen pressure plate 7, filter screen support plate 8, and filter screen base plate 6. The bolt holes between the upper flange 402, upper filter screen pressure plate 7, and filter screen support plate 8 are aligned one by one, and the bolt holes between the lower flange 403 and filter screen base plate 6 are aligned one by one. Locking anchors are inserted into the bolt holes in sequence and locked by tightening the nuts. This realizes the installation of filter barrel b 12 in filter 1. A small-aperture filter b 1201 is installed inside the large-aperture filter b 1202. The upper and lower end edges of the small-aperture filter b 1201 are both 90° folded edges. When installing the small-aperture filter b 1201, the upper and lower folded edges are pressed together by the upper flange 402 and the lower flange 403, respectively. The mesh size of the small-aperture filter b 1201 is 20 to 80 mesh. A sand discharge pipe 9 is provided at the bottom center of the filter 1. The first end of the sand discharge pipe 9 is connected to the inside of the filter 1. A gate valve 5 is provided on the sand discharge pipe 9. In this embodiment, the gate valve 5 is an electrically controlled gate valve. The water to be filtered enters from the inlet 2 and is sprayed in a central jet shape through the inlet bend 11 onto the small-diameter filter screen b 1201 on the inner wall of the filter tank b 12. Utilizing the pressure and kinetic energy of the water itself, the filter screen is uniformly flushed across the entire cross-section through the radial variable aperture jet structure of the central inlet bend 11, achieving synchronous self-cleaning during the filtration process. There is no need to configure an additional backwash pump, valves, and independent water supply pipeline, which significantly simplifies the system pipeline layout. After the filtered water passes through the filter screen, the filtration is completed. The filtered water is discharged from the outlet 3, while the silt left by the filter settles to the bottom of the filter 1. The gate valve 5 is opened, and the sludge is discharged from the sand discharge pipe 9.

[0018] The filter cartridge b 12 used in Example 2 has a simpler structure, fewer parts, and is more convenient to replace and disassemble, making it more suitable for medium and low pressure and small flow filtration scenarios.

[0019] Example 3 like Figure 6 , 7As shown, a self-cleaning filter device with replaceable filter screen includes: a filter 1 that is hollow inside and has an open structure at the top end, with a flange provided at the edge of the open structure at the top end; a filter cover that is detachably provided on the open structure at the top end, with a flange also provided at the bottom edge of the filter cover, and the filter cover and the top end of the filter 1 are fitted together by the flange. An inlet 2 and an outlet 3 are symmetrically positioned on the side wall of filter 1. Both inlet 2 and outlet 3 extend outward from a section of filter 1, and a flange structure is provided on the end face edge of the pipe section away from filter 1. A filter barrel c 13 is installed inside the filter 1. Similarly, when using the filter barrel c 13, the position of the water inlet 2 on the filter 1 is also lower than the lower end of the filter barrel c 13, and the position of the water outlet 3 is directly opposite the filter barrel c 13. The water inlet 2 extends into the filter 1 and is connected to the water inlet bend 11, which is located in the center of the filter barrel c 13. The distance L between the top of the inlet bend 11 and the bottom of the filter 1 is 0.4 to 0.8 times the height H of the filter 1, i.e., 0.4H≤L≤0.8H; the top of the inlet bend 11 is a closed structure, and several outlet holes are opened on the side wall of the inlet bend 11. The inner diameter of the outlet holes gradually increases from top to bottom along the axial direction of the inlet bend 11; the total area of ​​the outlet holes opened on the side wall of the inlet bend 11 is 1.2 to 2 times the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet bend 11. The filter canister c13 uses a large-pore filter screen c1303 as a support. An upper flange 402 and a lower flange 403 are respectively installed on the upper and lower edges of the large-pore filter screen c1303. A filter screen skeleton 1302 is arranged longitudinally and transversely on the inner side of the large-pore filter screen c1303. An upper flange 1301 is installed at the upper end of the filter screen skeleton 1302, and a lower flange 1305 is installed at the lower end. An upper flange 402 is installed below the upper flange 1301, and a lower flange 403 is installed below the lower flange 1305. The mesh size of the large-pore filter screen c1303 is 8 to 20 mesh. Similarly, a filter screen support plate 8 is installed on the inner wall of filter 1, near the upper side of filter 1, and a filter screen base plate 6 is installed near the lower side of filter 1. When installing filter barrel c 13, the upper flange 402 is placed on the filter screen support plate 8, and the upper filter screen pressure plate 7 is also pressed on the upper surface of the upper flange 402. The lower flange 403 is placed on the filter screen base plate 6. Several bolt holes are evenly spaced on the upper flange 402, lower flange 403, upper filter screen pressure plate 7, filter screen support plate 8, and filter screen base plate 6. The bolt holes between the upper flange 402, upper filter screen pressure plate 7, and filter screen support plate 8 are aligned one by one, and the bolt holes between the lower flange 403 and filter screen base plate 6 are aligned one by one. Locking anchors are inserted into the bolt holes in sequence and locked by tightening the nuts. This realizes the installation of filter barrel b 12 in filter 1. Inside the large-pore filter c 1303, a small-pore filter c 1304 is set between the longitudinal and transverse filter frames 1301. The small-pore filter c 1304 is fixed by pressing the edge of the filter frame 1302. The mesh number of the small-pore filter c 1304 is 20 to 80 mesh. A sand discharge pipe 9 is located at the bottom center of the filter 1. The first end of the sand discharge pipe 9 is connected to the inside of the filter 1. A gate valve 5 is installed on the sand discharge pipe 9. In this embodiment, the gate valve 5 is an electrically controlled gate valve. The water to be filtered enters from the inlet 2 and is sprayed in a central jet shape through the inlet bend 11 onto the small-diameter filter screen c1304 on the inner wall of the filter tank c13. Utilizing the pressure and kinetic energy of the water itself, the filter screen is uniformly flushed across the entire cross-section through the radial variable aperture jet structure of the central inlet bend 11, achieving synchronous self-cleaning during the filtration process. There is no need to configure an additional backwash pump, valves, and independent water supply pipeline, which significantly simplifies the system pipeline layout. After the filtered water passes through the filter screen, the filtration is completed. The filtered water is discharged from the outlet 3, while the silt left by the filter settles to the bottom of the filter 1. The gate valve 5 is opened, and the sludge is discharged from the sand discharge pipe 9.

[0020] In Example 3, the filter bucket c 13 improves the overall structural strength by adding a filter screen frame. The small-diameter filter screen is not easily deformed or collapsed by the impact of water flow and can withstand higher inlet water pressure, making it suitable for high-pressure, high-flow or high-precision filter screen conditions.

[0021] Experimental tests were conducted on the filter provided by this invention. I. Test Period: March 18, 2026 to July 20, 2026 II. Test Location: A project in Xinjie Town, Yuanyang County, Honghe Prefecture, Yunnan Province III. Experimental Objectives: 1) To measure the actual operational performance of the new self-cleaning filter in terms of sediment interception and impurity retention under real water intake conditions in mountainous areas with high sediment content. 2) Verify the adaptability and reliability of the equipment's built-in central jet flushing, gravity sedimentation sand collection, and electric automatic sand discharge structures under long-term continuous operation conditions. 3) Completely collect on-site operating parameters and physical images of equipment disassembly and inspection, quantitatively evaluate the effect of structural optimization and improvement, and provide complete engineering measurement basis for product finalization and structural iterative optimization; IV. Problems with the operation of existing equipment in the project 1) Engineering operating conditions The project is located in Xinjie Town, Yuanyang County, Honghe Prefecture, Yunnan Province. It uses natural river water, which has a high sediment content. The project's water use is concentrated in the dry season and the water consumption is large. The initial supporting equipment for the project is a conventional integrated basket filter. 2) Existing equipment malfunction symptoms The original filter screen was extremely prone to rapid clogging, forcing on-site maintenance personnel to remove the filter screen components and leave only the metal support for simple coarse filtration. A large amount of fine sand and sediment entered the downstream valve assembly with the water flow. The high-speed, sand-laden water flow continuously abraded the valve core and sealing surfaces, creating numerous erosion pits on the valve body sealing surface. This resulted in wear and tear on the valve components (such as the worn valve assembly). Figure 10 (As shown) The replacement frequency is high, and the costs of spare parts procurement and on-site manual maintenance have remained high for a long time; 3) Fault Cause Analysis Traditional basket filters have a single-chamber integrated structure without a directional sand collection chamber or active flushing mechanism, resulting in poor interception of fine particles of silt in the water. After long-term operation, the filter screen is prone to clogging, and on-site maintenance can only remove the filter screen, relying solely on the metal bracket for simple debris interception. A large amount of fine silt directly passes through the filter unit and enters the downstream pipeline. The high-speed sand-laden water flow continuously washes and grinds the valve core and sealing surfaces of the valve assembly. Long-term hydraulic erosion will form pits on the sealing surface, eventually causing valve body seal failure and water supply failure. To address the pain points of this type of project, a new self-cleaning filtration device was developed and on-site replacement verification was conducted. V. Experiment Implementation Plan 1) Preliminary working condition survey Retrieving the project's operation and maintenance records over the years, the project's historical fault data shows that after the original basket filter has been running continuously for 10 to 15 days, the sealing pairs of the downstream valve group show obvious erosion damage, the unit's water intake flow rate continues to decrease, and it cannot maintain the designed water supply capacity, so it is urgent to replace the pre-filter equipment. 2) On-site renovation construction steps a. Remove the original old integrated basket filter of the unit (see actual filter renovation scene). Figure 11 (as shown); b. Replace the entire valve assembly with a brand new one to eliminate the interference of the original wear and tear of the old valve body on the test data; c. Hoist the new self-cleaning filter and complete the connection and installation of inlet and outlet water pipes, sand discharge pipes, differential pressure sensors, and electrical control circuits; d. Debug the automatic sand discharge control program and complete the water pressure test of the whole machine; e. All renovation work was completed on March 21, 2026, and the unit was put into continuous load operation; 3) Routine monitoring content The unit operates continuously without interruption, and the following key operating indicators are recorded periodically: a. Real-time pressure difference between filter inlet and outlet; b. Frequency of automatic start / stop of electric sand discharge valve; c. Turbidity of the water sampled and discharged; d. Daily inspection records of the appearance and sealing integrity of the rear valve assembly; 4) Periodic dismantling and verification process After the test period of 4 months, the machine was shut down and pressure was released. The filter cylinder, filter components and rear water lifting valve group were disassembled in sequence to visually check the filter screen deformation, sediment adhesion and valve wear. Real-time video data was recorded at the same time, and all operation logs were summarized for comprehensive analysis. VI. Results of on-site measurement and disassembly inspection On July 20, 2026, the machine was shut down for disassembly and verification. The test results are as follows: the electric sand discharge gate valve did not open automatically; the internal working conditions of the equipment were not significantly different from those at the beginning of operation; and the built-in jet structure could continuously peel off impurities attached to the mesh. a. Differential pressure operation data: During the 4-month complete operation cycle, the differential pressure values ​​of the filter inlet and outlet remained stable throughout and did not reach the 0.1MPa sewage discharge trigger threshold, and the electric sand discharge gate valve did not open automatically. b. Internal condition of the filter: The cylinder, inlet bend, filter cylinder and filter screen are all intact and without deformation. There is no large area of ​​mud and sand accumulation on the surface of the filter screen. The internal working condition of the equipment is not significantly different from that at the beginning of operation. The built-in jet structure can continuously peel off the impurities attached to the mesh and achieve self-cleaning. c. Inspection of the rear valve assembly (valve assembly status after testing, as shown in the image) Figure 12 , 13 As shown: the valve core and sealing surface are free of erosion pits and abrasion damage, and the inside of the valve cavity is clean and free of mud and sand accumulation, proving that the equipment can efficiently intercept fine mud and sand, thereby reducing the hydraulic abrasion damage to the valve body caused by sand-laden water flow from the source. d. On-site handling: Replace only the spare filter screen of the same specification, and after all parts are reassembled, the unit will resume continuous water intake operation; VII. Experimental Conclusions 1) Compared with traditional integrated basket filters, this center jet self-cleaning filter has significantly improved fine silt interception capacity and long-term continuous operation stability. Improved structures such as gravity sedimentation sand collection, central multi-directional jet flushing, and fully automatic electronic sand discharge can effectively solve on-site engineering pain points such as manual dredging, direct flow of fine sand, and frequent wear of back-end valves. The entire optimized structural solution has full engineering applicability. 2) The equipment has been running at full load for 4 consecutive months without structural deformation or blockage and shutdown. The self-cleaning mechanism works stably and can meet the long-term unattended water intake needs of high-sand-content water sources in mountainous areas. VIII. Subsequent Experimental Work Plan To fully verify the filter's universal adaptability under different water source sediment content and different water flow rates, the equipment will be deployed to various types of water diversion projects for long-term field testing, collecting diversified operating data to continuously improve product design and optimize equipment performance.

Claims

1. A self-cleaning filter device with replaceable filter screen, comprising: The filter is hollow inside and has an open upper surface. The filter cover is detachably mounted on the upper surface of the filter. Its characteristic is that it further includes: The filter canister is detachably installed inside the filter and located between the filter's inlet and outlet; the filter canister is provided with at least three different structural models for replacement.

2. The self-cleaning filter device with replaceable filter screen according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter barrel is provided with an upper flange at the upper end edge and a lower flange at the lower end edge; A filter screen support plate is provided on the inner wall of the filter, near the upper side of the filter; a filter screen bottom plate is provided on the inner wall of the filter, near the lower side of the filter. The upper flange is detachably mounted on the filter screen support plate, and then an upper filter screen pressure plate is pressed on top of the upper flange; the lower flange is mounted on the filter screen base plate; Several bolt holes are evenly spaced on the upper flange, lower flange, upper filter screen pressure plate, filter screen support plate, and filter screen base plate; the bolt holes between the upper flange, upper filter screen pressure plate, and filter screen support plate are aligned one by one, and the bolt holes between the lower flange and filter screen base plate are aligned one by one; locking anchors are inserted into the bolt holes in sequence and tightened by screwing on the nuts; thus realizing the installation of the filter barrel in the filter.

3. The self-cleaning filter device with replaceable filter screen according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first end of the sand discharge pipe is located at the center of the bottom of the filter, and the sand discharge pipe is connected to the inside of the filter; A gate valve is installed on the sand discharge pipe.

4. The self-cleaning filter device with replaceable filter screen according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter barrel is configured as filter barrel a structure. A circular through hole is opened on the side wall of the filter barrel a. A connecting pipe extends outward from the circular through hole. A side flange is provided on the end face edge of the connecting pipe away from the filter barrel a. An inner tube flange is provided on the edge of the end face where the water inlet connects to the filter. The filter barrel a is placed inside the filter. The side flange and the inner tube flange cooperate to achieve alignment between the connecting pipe and the water inlet. The inner diameter of the water inlet is the same as the inner diameter of the connecting pipe. The outer wall of the filter barrel a is configured as a large-pore filter screen a, which serves as a support for the filter barrel a. An upper flange is provided at the upper edge of the large-pore filter screen a, and a lower flange is provided at the lower edge. A filter screen cover is provided on the inner side of a large-aperture filter screen a located on one side of the connecting pipe. The filter screen cover covers the area from the upper flange to the lower flange of the filter barrel a in the width direction, and the extension length is at least 1.2 times the width of the part where the water inlet intersects with the side of the filter barrel a. A small-pore filter a is located inside the large-pore filter a and directly opposite the filter screen cover; Located on both sides of the filter screen cover along its length, at least two sets of blocks are provided on each side; the two sides of the small-aperture filter screen a along its length are secured within the blocks.

5. A self-cleaning filter device with replaceable filter screen according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter barrel is configured as filter barrel b structure, and the upper and lower ends of the filter barrel b are respectively provided with upper flange and lower flange. When using filter cartridge b, the inlet of the filter is located below the bottom of filter cartridge b; the outlet is located directly opposite filter cartridge b. The water inlet extends into the filter and is connected to the water inlet bend, which is located in the center of the filter barrel b. Several outlet holes are evenly spaced on the side wall of the inlet bend. The filter barrel b uses a large-pore filter screen b as a support, and the upper flange and the lower flange are respectively set on the upper and lower end face edges of the large-pore filter screen b. A small-aperture filter b is provided inside the large-aperture filter b. The upper and lower edges of the small-aperture filter b are folded, and it is pressed by the upper flange and the lower flange respectively during installation.

6. A self-cleaning filter device with replaceable filter screen according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter barrel is configured as a filter barrel c structure, and the upper and lower ends of the filter barrel c are respectively provided with an upper flange and a lower flange. When using filter canister c, the inlet of the filter is also lower than the bottom of filter canister c, and the outlet is directly opposite filter canister c. The water inlet extends into the filter and is connected to the water inlet bend, which is located in the center of the filter barrel c. Several outlet holes are evenly spaced on the side wall of the inlet bend. The filter barrel c is supported by a large-pore filter screen c, and the upper and lower end edges of the large-pore filter screen c are respectively provided with an upper flange and a lower flange. The large-aperture filter screen c has a filter screen skeleton arranged longitudinally and transversely on its inner side. The upper end of the filter screen skeleton is provided with an upper flange and the lower end is provided with a lower flange. The upper flange and the lower flange are respectively attached to the upper end face of the lower flange. A small-pore filter c is provided inside the large-pore filter c.

7. A self-cleaning filter device with replaceable filter screen according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The distance L between the top of the inlet bend and the bottom of the filter is 0.4 to 0.8 times the filter height H; that is, 0.4H≤L≤0.8H is the most reasonable range of values. The top of the water inlet bend is a closed structure; the water outlet holes on the side wall of the water inlet bend have an axially increasing inner diameter from top to bottom. The total area of ​​the outlet holes opened on the side wall of the inlet bend is 1.2 to 2 times the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet bend.

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