Intelligent dust falling device and method based on construction site

Abstract

This invention discloses an intelligent dust suppression device and method for construction sites, relating to the technical field of intelligent dust suppression equipment. It includes a base, a frame mounted on the base, and an atomizing cannon mounted on the frame. Water from within the base is introduced into the atomizing cannon through a high-pressure water pipe. Dust concentration sensors are installed on some parts of the frame, and an avoidance component is also mounted on the frame. This invention utilizes the avoidance component, relying on the water pressure change in the high-pressure water pipe when the atomizing cannon is activated, to drive the dust concentration sensors synchronously into the avoidance space of the protective cover. This achieves spatial physical isolation between the sensor detection end and the returning water mist, ensuring the accuracy of dust concentration detection data, improving the control precision of the dust suppression system, maintaining stable dust control effects at the construction site, and reducing water consumption and site water accumulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of intelligent dust suppression equipment, and particularly relates to an intelligent dust suppression device and method based on construction sites. Background Art

[0002] A large amount of fugitive dust particles will be generated in multiple operation processes of construction sites such as earthwork excavation, material transfer and structure construction, and dust prevention and control is the core work of environmental protection management on construction sites. The intelligent dust suppression equipment based on construction sites relies on the dust concentration sensor to collect on-site dust concentration data in real time, and links the spray system to realize intelligent on-demand dust suppression, which can effectively improve the efficiency of dust suppression treatment and reduce water resource consumption. However, the existing intelligent dust suppression equipment based on construction sites still has the following defects in the using process: Most of the dust concentration sensors matched with such existing equipment are installed on the upper part of the equipment frame in a fixed structure. After the equipment starts the spraying operation, the water mist generated by spraying diffuses and rebounds through the ground or construction enclosures, and will carry the wet dust on site to continuously adhere to the sampling surface of the sensor, resulting in the control misjudgment problem that the water mist of the equipment itself reversely interferes with the dust sensor. This problem will cause the dust concentration value detected by the sensor to be falsely high. On the one hand, it will trigger the misjudgment of early shutdown of the equipment, resulting in the failure of timely and effective treatment of on-site dust, which is difficult to meet the environmental protection standard requirements for dust control; on the other hand, it will cause continuous high concentration misjudgment, resulting in excessive operation of the spray system, which not only causes unnecessary waste of water resources, but also leads to water accumulation on the construction site, affecting the normal construction order and on-site operation safety. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide an intelligent dust suppression device and method based on construction sites, which can effectively solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solution: an intelligent dust suppression device based on construction sites, comprising a base, a frame is arranged on the base, an atomizing cannon is arranged on the frame, and water in the base is introduced into the atomizing cannon through a high-pressure water pipe; a dust concentration sensor is arranged on one side of the frame, and an avoidance assembly is arranged on the frame, and the avoidance assembly comprises: a water pressure driving assembly, arranged on one side of the high-pressure water pipe, and used for providing power for driving the dust concentration sensor to move to the avoidance position; a rotating rod, a support frame is arranged on one side of the frame, and the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the support frame through a rotating shaft; a mounting seat, fixedly arranged on the rotating rod, and the dust concentration sensor is mounted on the mounting seat; and a protective cover, arranged on the support frame, and used for providing an avoidance space for the dust concentration sensor.

[0005] Preferably, the rotating rod is an L-shaped structure, and the bent part of the L-shaped structure is rotatably connected to the support frame through a rotating shaft; the mounting base is fixed to one end of the L-shaped structure, and the other end of the L-shaped structure is hinged to the output end of the water pressure drive component, and the axis of the hinge shaft between the rotating rod and the output end of the water pressure drive component is parallel to the rotating shaft.

[0006] Preferably, the water pressure drive assembly includes a branch pipe, a cylinder, a first piston, a connecting shaft, an end cap, and a return spring; the branch pipe is disposed on one side of the high-pressure water pipe, and the branch pipe is connected to the cylinder via a flange; the first piston is slidably connected to the cylinder coaxially; the connecting shaft is coaxially fixed to the first piston; the end cap is coaxially fixed to the end of the cylinder away from the branch pipe; the connecting shaft is coaxially inserted into the end cap and extends to the outside of the end cap; the return spring is coaxially sleeved on the connecting shaft, and one end of the return spring is connected to the first piston, and the other end of the return spring is connected to the end cap; the end cap has a venting and dustproof hole, and a dustproof filter is disposed on the venting and dustproof hole.

[0007] Preferably, a bushing is coaxially provided on the end cap, and the connecting shaft is coaxially inserted into the bushing.

[0008] Preferably, at least one cleaning component is provided inside the protective cover; when the water pressure drive component drives the dust concentration sensor to the position of the protective cover, the cleaning component is allowed to be triggered to form a jet airflow to clean the detection end of the dust concentration sensor.

[0009] Preferably, the cleaning assembly includes a fan-shaped airbag, a rotating frame, a rotating shaft, a torsion spring, and a delivery pipe. The fan-shaped airbag is disposed on the inner wall of the protective cover, and the rotating frame is rotatably connected to the protective cover via the rotating shaft, with one side of the rotating frame abutting against the fan-shaped airbag. When the dust concentration sensor moves into the protective cover, it is allowed to push the rotating frame to rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft, so that the rotating frame squeezes the fan-shaped airbag. The torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft. When the rotating frame is unrestricted, it is allowed to rotate and reset via the torsion spring, and cause the fan-shaped airbag to restore its expansion degree. The delivery pipe is disposed inside the protective cover, with one end of the delivery pipe communicating with the inside of the fan-shaped airbag, and the other end of the delivery pipe being provided with a nozzle, which is directly opposite the detection end position of the dust concentration sensor when it moves into the protective cover.

[0010] Preferably, the rotating frame includes a squeezing plate and a thrust plate; the squeezing plate abuts against one side of the fan-shaped airbag, the thrust plate is set at a certain angle to the squeezing plate, and the thrust plate is provided with an arc-shaped part; when the dust concentration sensor moves into the protective cover, the arc-shaped part is allowed to abut against the dust concentration sensor first.

[0011] Preferably, a low-pressure boosting component is provided in the cylinder body; the low-pressure boosting component is used to increase the axial output thrust per unit water pressure by changing the cross-sectional shape of the first piston and the cylinder body.

[0012] Preferably, the low-pressure boosting component includes a second piston; the cylinder has a stepped structure, comprising a thin cylinder connected to a branch pipe and a thick cylinder coaxially connected to the thin cylinder; the first piston is coaxially slidably connected inside the thick cylinder, the second piston is coaxially connected to the first piston, and the second piston is coaxially slidably connected to the thin cylinder; a water-passing groove is provided on the inner wall of the thin cylinder, and the pressure-bearing end of the first piston and the connection position between the thin cylinder and the thick cylinder form an annular boosting chamber, and the water in the branch pipe communicates with the annular boosting chamber through the water-passing groove; A buffer sleeve is coaxially fixed on the end cap. One end of the first piston has an annular groove that matches the buffer sleeve. Multiple buffer throttling holes are provided on the periphery of the buffer sleeve. When the first piston moves closer to the buffer sleeve, causing the buffer sleeve to insert into the annular groove, the air in the annular groove is discharged through the buffer throttling holes.

[0013] A smart dust suppression method based on construction sites, employing the aforementioned smart dust suppression equipment for construction sites; specifically including the following steps: Step 1, Water Pressure Drive: After the intelligent dust suppression equipment issues the spray start command, the water supply control valve inside the intelligent dust suppression equipment immediately opens, and high-pressure water enters the high-pressure water pipe and atomizing nozzle, and the atomizing cannon begins to spray mist droplets; at the same time, the increased water pressure in the high-pressure water pipe triggers the water pressure drive component, providing power for the dust concentration sensor to move and avoid obstacles. Step 2, Rotation and Avoidance: The water pressure drive assembly moves the dust concentration sensor in an arc from the initial detection position to the avoidance position until the dust concentration sensor moves into the protective cover, so that the protective cover blocks and protects the detection end of the dust concentration sensor; when the dust suppression work is completed, the water supply control valve is closed, and the water pressure drive assembly drives the dust concentration sensor to rotate and reset, so that the dust concentration sensor moves to the detection position to continue detection.

[0014] In summary, the technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention, by setting up an avoidance component, relies on the water pressure change in the high-pressure water pipe when the atomizing cannon is started to provide power, driving the dust concentration sensor to move synchronously into the avoidance space of the protective cover, realizing the spatial physical isolation between the sensor detection end and the return water mist, ensuring the accuracy of dust concentration detection data, improving the control precision of the dust suppression system, maintaining the stable effect of dust control at the construction site, and reducing water consumption and site water accumulation.

[0015] 2. This invention, by setting up a low-pressure boosting component, adopts a stepped cylinder and a double piston structure to form a two-stage pressure-bearing surface, expands the total effective pressure-bearing area, reduces the starting water pressure threshold of the mechanism, improves the adaptability of the equipment to the fluctuating water supply pressure at the construction site, and ensures that the sensor can still complete the full stroke avoidance under low-pressure conditions, maintaining stable water mist protection performance.

[0016] 3. This invention, by setting up a cleaning component, relies on the sensor's avoidance action to trigger the rotating frame to squeeze the fan-shaped airbag, generating a directional cleaning airflow that acts on the sensor detection end, achieving passive cleaning of water mist and floating dust on the surface of the detection end, further improving the accuracy of dust detection data. No additional power source is required, the structure is reliable in operation and consumes no additional energy.

[0017] 4. By setting up a combination structure of buffer sleeve and annular groove, the present invention forms air throttling damping at the end of the piston stroke, gradually consuming the kinetic energy of the piston, achieving smooth deceleration at the end of the piston movement, reducing rigid impact and vibration of the mechanism operation, reducing operating noise, reducing the impact of vibration on the optical components of the sensor, and extending the overall service life of the mechanism. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a first-view perspective three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall second-view three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a first-view, three-dimensional magnified structural diagram of the water pressure drive component of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a second-view, three-dimensional magnified structural diagram of the water pressure drive component of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a partially cross-sectional, enlarged three-dimensional structural diagram of the water pressure drive component of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a partially cross-sectional, three-dimensional enlarged structural diagram of the first and second pistons of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional enlarged structural diagram of the cylinder body of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a partially cross-sectional, three-dimensional magnified structural diagram of the cleaning component of the present invention; Figure 9This is a three-dimensional enlarged structural schematic diagram of the fan-shaped airbag of the present invention; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged structural diagram of region A in the middle; Figure 11 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Frame; 3. Atomizing cannon; 4. High-pressure water pipe; 5. Dust concentration sensor; 6. Avoidance assembly; 61. Water pressure drive assembly; 611. Branch pipe; 612. Cylinder body; 613. First piston; 614. Connecting shaft; 615. End cap; 616. Return spring; 617. Bushing; 62. Rotating rod; 63. Support frame; 64. Mounting seat; 65. Protective cover; 7. Cleaning assembly; 71. Fan-shaped airbag; 72. Rotating frame; 721. Extrusion plate; 722. Thrust plate; 723. Arc-shaped part; 73. Rotating shaft; 74. Torsion spring; 75. Delivery pipe; 8. Low-pressure boosting assembly; 81. Thin cylinder; 82. Coarse cylinder; 83. Second piston; 84. Water passage groove; 85. Buffer sleeve; 86. Annular groove; 87. Buffer throttling orifice; 88. Annular pressurization chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1-3 The illustrated intelligent dust suppression device for construction sites includes a base 1, a frame 2 mounted on the base 1, and an atomizing cannon 3 mounted on the frame 2. Water from the base 1 is introduced into the atomizing cannon 3 through a high-pressure water pipe 4. A dust concentration sensor 5 is mounted on one side of the frame 2. It is understood that the dust concentration sensor 5 is existing technology and will not be described in detail. An avoidance assembly 6 is mounted on the frame 2, comprising a water pressure drive assembly 61, a rotating rod 62, a mounting base 64, and a protective cover 65. The water pressure drive assembly 61 is located on one side of the high-pressure water pipe 4 and provides power to move the dust concentration sensor 5 to the avoidance position. A support frame 63 is located on one side of the frame 2, and the rotating rod 62 is rotatably connected to the support frame 63 via a rotating shaft. The mounting base 64 is fixed to the rotating rod 62, and the dust concentration sensor 5 is mounted on the mounting base 64. The protective cover 65 is located on the support frame 63 and provides avoidance space for the dust concentration sensor 5.

[0023] It should be noted that when the dust concentration at the construction site increases, the dust concentration sensor 5 detects a concentration exceeding the standard signal and controls the activation of the atomizing cannon 3. The water in the base 1 is transported to the atomizing cannon 3 through the high-pressure water pipe 4 and sprayed outward to suppress dust. After water pressure is established in the high-pressure water pipe 4, the water pressure drive component 61 in the clearance component 6 obtains water pressure power and outputs linear drive force to drive the rotating rod 62 to rotate around the rotating shaft on the support frame 63. The rotating rod 62 simultaneously drives the mounting base 64 and the dust concentration sensor 5 to move into the protective cover 65, so that the detection end of the dust concentration sensor 5 is completely inserted into the clearance space of the protective cover 65, isolating the water mist and moist dust rebounding after the atomizing cannon 3 sprays. When the dust suppression operation is completed and the atomizing cannon 3 stops supplying water, the power of the water pressure drive component 61 disappears, causing the rotating rod 62 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the dust concentration sensor 5 is reset to the initial detection position and continues to monitor the dust concentration on site. It can be understood that the dust concentration sensor 5 is connected to the external control system through a signal line, and the signal line is supported by a cable chain, which does not interfere with the movement of the dust concentration sensor 5. The cable chain is existing technology and is not shown in the figure, so it will not be described in detail.

[0024] By incorporating an avoidance component 6, the dust concentration sensor 5 is automatically moved into the protective cover 65 as the atomizing cannon 3 starts spraying. This spatially eliminates the reverse interference from the equipment's own water mist, preventing control misjudgments caused by falsely high readings from the dust concentration sensor 5 and ensuring the accuracy of the dust suppression control logic. Water pressure is used as the avoidance power source, and the action is completely synchronized with the start and stop of the spray, requiring no additional electrical control drive, making it suitable for complex working conditions at construction sites.

[0025] See Figures 3-4 The rotating rod 62 has an L-shaped structure, and the bent part of the L-shaped structure is rotatably connected to the support frame 63 through a rotating shaft; the mounting base 64 is fixed to one end of the L-shaped structure, and the other end of the L-shaped structure is hinged to the output end of the water pressure drive component 61, and the axis of the hinge shaft between the rotating rod 62 and the output end of the water pressure drive component 61 is set parallel to the rotating shaft.

[0026] It should be noted that when the water pressure drive assembly 61 outputs linear driving force, it pushes the lower end of the L-shaped rotating rod 62 to swing around the pivot at the bend. The rotating rod 62 forms a lever transmission structure with the pivot at the bend as the fulcrum, converting the linear reciprocating motion output by the water pressure drive assembly 61 into an arc-shaped swinging motion at the upper end. This simultaneously drives the mounting base 64 and the dust concentration sensor 5 to move into or out of the protective cover 65 along an arc-shaped trajectory. The axis of the hinge shaft between the rotating rod 62 and the output end of the water pressure drive assembly 61 is set parallel to the pivot, ensuring no motion interference during the transmission process. The conversion of linear power into swinging motion is achieved through the L-shaped rotating rod 62. The transmission structure is compact and can achieve sufficient avoidance stroke within a limited installation space.

[0027] SeeFigures 3-5 The water pressure drive assembly 61 includes a branch pipe 611, a cylinder 612, a first piston 613, a connecting shaft 614, an end cap 615, and a return spring 616. The branch pipe 611 is located on one side of the high-pressure water pipe 4 and is connected to the cylinder 612 via a flange. The first piston 613 is slidably connected to the cylinder 612 on the same axis. The connecting shaft 614 is coaxially fixed to the first piston 613. The end cap 615 is coaxially fixed to the end of the cylinder 612 away from the branch pipe 611. The connecting shaft 614 is coaxially inserted into the end cover 615 and extends to the outside of the end cover 615; the return spring 616 is coaxially sleeved on the connecting shaft 614, and one end of the return spring 616 is connected to the first piston 613, and the other end of the return spring 616 is connected to the end cover 615; the end cover 615 is provided with a ventilation and dustproof hole, and a dustproof filter is provided on the ventilation and dustproof hole; a bushing 617 is coaxially provided on the end cover 615, and the connecting shaft 614 is coaxially inserted into the bushing 617.

[0028] It should be noted that after the atomizing cannon 3 starts supplying water, the high-pressure water in the high-pressure water pipe 4 enters the cylinder 612 through the branch pipe 611. The high-pressure water acts on the end face of the first piston 613, pushing the first piston 613 to slide along the inner wall of the cylinder 612 towards the end cover 615. Simultaneously, the first piston 613 drives the connecting shaft 614 to extend outward towards the end cover 615, while compressing the return spring 616 to store elastic potential energy. During the extension of the connecting shaft 614, the bushing 617 provides sliding guidance to ensure coaxiality of movement. After the atomizing cannon 3 stops supplying water, the water pressure inside the cylinder 612 drops, and the return spring 616 releases its elastic potential energy, pushing the first piston 613 back to slide towards the branch pipe 611, causing the connecting shaft 614 to retract and reset. The ventilation and dustproof holes on the end cap 615 balance the air pressure inside the cylinder 612 with the outside air pressure, preventing air resistance caused by piston movement. The dustproof filter on the ventilation and dustproof holes prevents external dust from entering the cylinder 612 and prevents internal parts from accumulating dust and getting stuck.

[0029] The piston cylinder structure converts water pressure potential energy into linear mechanical power, resulting in direct and efficient power transmission and a fast response speed, enabling simultaneous triggering of spray initiation and obstacle avoidance actions. The return spring 616 provides stable return power, ensuring that the dust concentration sensor 5 automatically resets to its detection position after water supply interruption. The bushing 617 improves the motion accuracy of the connecting shaft 614, while the ventilated dustproof holes and dust filter ensure air pressure balance while isolating external pollutants, extending the component's service life and adapting to dusty and humid construction site environments.

[0030] See Figure 3 and Figures 8-10The protective cover 65 contains at least one cleaning component 7. When the water pressure drive component 61 drives the dust concentration sensor 5 to the position of the protective cover 65, the cleaning component 7 is triggered to form a jet airflow to clean the detection end of the dust concentration sensor 5. The cleaning component 7 includes a fan-shaped airbag 71, a rotating frame 72, a rotating shaft 73, a torsion spring 74, and a delivery pipe 75. The fan-shaped airbag 71 is disposed on the inner wall of the protective cover 65, and the rotating frame 72 is rotatably connected to the protective cover 65 through the rotating shaft 73. One side of the rotating frame 72 abuts against the fan-shaped airbag 71. When the dust concentration sensor 5 moves towards the protective cover... When moving within the protective cover 65, the rotating frame 72 is allowed to rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft 73, so that the rotating frame 72 compresses the fan-shaped airbag 71; the torsion spring 74 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 73; when the rotating frame 72 is unrestricted, the torsion spring 74 allows the rotating frame 72 to rotate and reset, and causes the fan-shaped airbag 71 to restore its expansion degree; the conveying pipe 75 is set inside the protective cover 65, one end of the conveying pipe 75 is connected to the inside of the fan-shaped airbag 71, and the other end of the conveying pipe 75 is provided with a nozzle, which is directly facing the detection end position of the dust concentration sensor 5 when it moves into the protective cover 65.

[0031] It should be noted that when the dust concentration sensor 5 moves into the protective cover 65 along with the mounting base 64, the end of the dust concentration sensor 5 contacts the rotating frame 72 of the cleaning component 7, pushing the rotating frame 72 to rotate around the rotating shaft 73. During the rotation of the rotating frame 72, the fan-shaped airbag 71 is compressed, causing the air inside the fan-shaped airbag 71 to be compressed and transported to the nozzle through the delivery pipe 75. The airflow is sprayed from the nozzle and blown towards the detection end of the dust concentration sensor 5, removing the water mist and floating dust attached to the surface of the detection end. When the dust concentration sensor 5 is removed from the protective cover 65, the rotating frame 72 loses the thrust constraint of the dust concentration sensor 5, and the torsion spring 74 releases its elastic potential energy to drive the rotating frame 72 to rotate in the opposite direction and reset. Simultaneously, the fan-shaped airbag 71 returns to its inflated state and draws in outside air through the delivery pipe 75 to reserve gas for the next cleaning operation.

[0032] The cleaning component 7 is activated by the avoidance action of the dust concentration sensor 5, achieving airflow cleaning at the detection end without the need for an additional power source. This effectively removes water mist and fine dust adhering to the detection end, further improving the detection accuracy of the dust concentration sensor 5. The combination of a fan-shaped airbag 71 and a rotating frame 72 ensures that the cleaning and avoidance actions are completely synchronized, providing timely response. The structure is simple, reliable, and consumes no additional energy.

[0033] See Figures 8-9The rotating frame 72 includes a squeezing plate 721 and a thrust plate 722; the squeezing plate 721 abuts against one side of the fan-shaped airbag 71, and the thrust plate 722 is set at a certain angle to the squeezing plate 721. An arc-shaped part 723 is provided on the thrust plate 722; when the dust concentration sensor 5 moves into the protective cover 65, the arc-shaped part 723 is allowed to abut against the dust concentration sensor 5 first.

[0034] It should be noted that when the dust concentration sensor 5 moves into the protective cover 65, the side of the dust concentration sensor 5 first contacts the arc-shaped part 723 on the thrust plate 722, and gradually pushes the thrust plate 722 to rotate around the rotating shaft 73 along the curved surface of the arc-shaped part 723. The thrust plate 722 simultaneously drives the extrusion plate 721 to rotate, so that the extrusion plate 721 evenly extrudes the side of the fan-shaped airbag 71, ensuring that the air pressure inside the airbag rises steadily and outputs a stable clean airflow.

[0035] The arc-shaped portion 723 allows for a smooth transition during the contact process between the sensor and the rotating frame 72, preventing vibration damage to the internal optical components of the dust concentration sensor 5 caused by rigid collisions. It also reduces contact wear and extends the service life of the components. The extrusion plate 721 and the thrust plate 722 are set at an angle, which converts the linear thrust of the sensor into a uniform extrusion force, ensuring stable deformation of the fan-shaped airbag 71, a stable output clean airflow velocity, and uniform cleaning effect.

[0036] See Figures 5-7 The cylinder body 612 is equipped with a low-pressure boosting component 8. The low-pressure boosting component 8 is used to increase the axial output thrust under unit water pressure by changing the cross-sectional shape of the first piston 613 and the cylinder body 612. The low-pressure boosting component 8 includes a second piston 83. The cylinder body 612 has a stepped structure and includes a thin cylinder 81 connected to the branch pipe 611 and a thick cylinder 82 coaxially connected to the thin cylinder 81. The first piston 613 is coaxially slidably connected to the thick cylinder 82, and the second piston 83 is coaxially connected to the first piston 613 and coaxially slidably connected to the thin cylinder 81. A water-passing groove 84 is opened on the inner wall of the thin cylinder 81. The pressure-bearing end of the first piston 613 and the connection position between the thin cylinder 81 and the thick cylinder 82 form an annular boosting chamber 88. The water in the branch pipe 611 is connected to the annular boosting chamber 88 through the water-passing groove 84.

[0037] It should be noted that the cylinder body 612 adopts a stepped structure consisting of a thin cylinder 81 and a thick cylinder 82, with the thin cylinder 81 being relative to the thick cylinder 82. After the high-pressure water enters the thin cylinder 81 through the branch pipe 611, part of the water directly acts on the end face of the second piston 83, pushing the second piston 83 to slide synchronously with the first piston 613. The other part of the water flows into the annular pressure chamber 88 through the water-passing groove 84 opened in the inner wall of the thin cylinder 81, and acts evenly on the pressure-bearing end face of the first piston 613. The two pressure-bearing surfaces together generate axial thrust. When the water supply pressure at the construction site fluctuates and the water pressure is lower than the normal working value, the effective force-bearing area of ​​the two pressure-bearing surfaces can still generate sufficient axial thrust to overcome the elasticity of the return spring 616 and the frictional resistance of the mechanism, pushing the first piston 613 to complete the full stroke sliding, ensuring that the dust concentration sensor 5 is completely moved into the protective cover 65.

[0038] The stepped cylinder 612 and the double-piston structure form a two-stage pressure-bearing surface, increasing the total effective pressure-bearing area without increasing the external installation size of the cylinder 612. This reduces the starting water pressure threshold of the mechanism, allowing it to adapt to fluctuating water supply pressure at the construction site and avoiding protection failure caused by insufficient clearance stroke under low pressure. The water-passing groove 84 has a simple structure, enabling stable communication between high-pressure water and the annular pressurization chamber 88 without the need for additional external piping.

[0039] Example 2: The technical solution of this example differs from that of Example 1 in that: (See below) Figures 4-5 A buffer sleeve 85 is coaxially fixed on the end cap 615. One end of the first piston 613 is provided with an annular groove 86 that is adapted to the buffer sleeve 85. Multiple buffer throttling holes 87 are provided on the periphery of the buffer sleeve 85. When the first piston 613 moves closer to the buffer sleeve 85, so that the buffer sleeve 85 is inserted into the annular groove 86, the air in the annular groove 86 is discharged through the buffer throttling holes 87.

[0040] It should be noted that when the first piston 613 slides towards the end cap 615 to the end of its stroke, the buffer sleeve 85 on the end cap 615 gradually inserts into the annular groove 86 on the end face of the first piston 613. The air inside the annular groove 86 cannot be quickly discharged, but can only slowly flow into the reset side cavity of the cylinder 612 through the buffer throttling hole 87 on the periphery of the buffer sleeve 85. This forms a throttling damping force, and the closer the first piston 613 is to the end of its stroke, the greater the damping force, gradually consuming the kinetic energy of the first piston 613, so that the speed of the first piston 613 drops to the minimum when it reaches the end of its stroke, achieving smooth deceleration. When the first piston 613 returns, the buffer sleeve 85 disengages from the annular groove 86, and outside air can quickly enter the annular groove 86 through the buffer throttling hole 87, eliminating the adsorption resistance, ensuring that the return of the first piston 613 is smooth and unobstructed, and restoring the airflow channel to unobstructed flow. The return of the first piston 613 has no additional damping, ensuring a rapid response of the reset action.

[0041] The insertion and engagement of the buffer sleeve 85 and the annular groove 86 form a throttling buffer structure, which can effectively counteract the end impact caused by the thrust increase brought about by the low-pressure boosting structure, avoid rigid impact when the piston reaches the end of its stroke, reduce vibration and noise during operation, and reduce the impact of vibration on the optical elements of the dust concentration sensor 5. The buffer throttling orifice 87 can precisely adjust the damping magnitude to ensure a smooth and gentle buffering process without affecting the piston's return speed.

[0042] See Figures 1-4 A smart dust suppression method based on construction sites, employing the aforementioned smart dust suppression equipment for construction sites; specifically including the following steps: Step 1, Water Pressure Drive: After the intelligent dust suppression equipment issues the spray start command, the water supply control valve in the intelligent dust suppression equipment immediately opens, and high-pressure water enters the high-pressure water pipe 4 and the atomizing nozzle, and the atomizing cannon 3 begins to spray mist droplets; at the same time, the increased water pressure in the high-pressure water pipe 4 triggers the water pressure drive component 61, providing power for the movement and avoidance of the dust concentration sensor 5. Step 2, Rotation and Avoidance: The water pressure drive assembly 61 drives the dust concentration sensor 5 to move in an arc from the initial detection position to the avoidance position until the dust concentration sensor 5 moves into the protective cover 65, so that the protective cover 65 blocks and protects the detection end of the dust concentration sensor 5; when the dust suppression work is completed, the water supply control valve is closed, and the water pressure drive assembly 61 drives the dust concentration sensor 5 to rotate and reset, so that the dust concentration sensor 5 moves to the detection position to continue detection.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent dust suppression device based on a construction site, comprising a base (1), a frame (2) mounted on the base (1), an atomizing cannon (3) mounted on the frame (2), and water in the base (1) being introduced into the atomizing cannon (3) through a high-pressure water pipe (4); a dust concentration sensor (5) is mounted on one side of the frame (2), characterized in that: The frame (2) is provided with a clearance assembly (6), the clearance assembly (6) comprising: The water pressure drive assembly (61) is located on one side of the high-pressure water pipe (4) and is used to drive the dust concentration sensor (5) to move to the avoidance position to provide power; Rotating rod (62), a support frame (63) is provided on one side of the frame (2), and the rotating rod (62) is rotatably connected to the support frame (63) through a rotating shaft; Mounting base (64) is fixed to rotating rod (62), and dust concentration sensor (5) is mounted on mounting base (64). And a protective cover (65) is provided on the support frame (63) and is used to provide clearance space for the dust concentration sensor (5).

2. The intelligent dust suppression equipment based on a construction site according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating rod (62) is an L-shaped structure, and the bent part of the L-shaped structure is rotatably connected to the support frame (63) through a rotating shaft; the mounting base (64) is fixed to one end of the L-shaped structure, and the other end of the L-shaped structure is hinged to the output end of the water pressure drive assembly (61), and the axis of the hinge shaft between the rotating rod (62) and the output end of the water pressure drive assembly (61) is set parallel to the rotating shaft.

3. The intelligent dust suppression equipment based on a construction site according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water pressure drive assembly (61) includes a branch pipe (611), a cylinder (612), a first piston (613), a connecting shaft (614), an end cap (615), and a return spring (616). The branch pipe (611) is located on one side of the high-pressure water pipe (4), and the branch pipe (611) is connected to the cylinder (612) via a flange. The first piston (613) is slidably connected to the cylinder (612) on the same axis. The connecting shaft (614) is coaxially fixed to the first piston (613). The end cap (615) is slidably connected to the cylinder (612) on the same axis. 5) The connecting shaft (614) is coaxially fixed at one end of the cylinder body (612) away from the branch pipe (611); the connecting shaft (614) is coaxially inserted into the end cover (615) and extends to the outside of the end cover (615); the return spring (616) is coaxially sleeved on the connecting shaft (614), and one end of the return spring (616) is connected to the first piston (613), and the other end of the return spring (616) is connected to the end cover (615); the end cover (615) is provided with a ventilation and dustproof hole, and a dustproof filter is provided on the ventilation and dustproof hole.

4. The intelligent dust suppression equipment based on a construction site according to claim 3, characterized in that: A bushing (617) is coaxially provided on the end cap (615), and the connecting shaft (614) is coaxially inserted into the bushing (617).

5. The intelligent dust suppression equipment based on a construction site according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one cleaning component (7) is provided inside the protective cover (65); when the water pressure drive component (61) drives the dust concentration sensor (5) to move to the position of the protective cover (65), the cleaning component (7) is allowed to be triggered to form a jet airflow to clean the detection end of the dust concentration sensor (5).

6. The intelligent dust suppression equipment based on a construction site according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cleaning assembly (7) includes a fan-shaped airbag (71), a rotating frame (72), a rotating shaft (73), a torsion spring (74), and a delivery pipe (75). The fan-shaped airbag (71) is disposed on the inner wall of the protective cover (65), and the rotating frame (72) is rotatably connected to the protective cover (65) via the rotating shaft (73). One side of the rotating frame (72) abuts against the fan-shaped airbag (71). When the dust concentration sensor (5) moves into the protective cover (65), it allows the rotating frame (72) to rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft (73), so that the rotating frame (72) compresses the fan-shaped airbag. The torsion spring (74) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (73). When the rotating frame (72) loses its restraint, the torsion spring (74) is allowed to drive the rotating frame (72) to rotate and reset, and drive the fan-shaped airbag (71) to restore its expansion degree. The delivery pipe (75) is set inside the protective cover (65). One end of the delivery pipe (75) is connected to the inside of the fan-shaped airbag (71). The other end of the delivery pipe (75) is provided with a nozzle. The nozzle is directly opposite the detection end position of the dust concentration sensor (5) when the dust concentration sensor (5) moves into the protective cover (65).

7. The intelligent dust suppression equipment based on a construction site according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating frame (72) includes a squeezing plate (721) and a thrust plate (722); the squeezing plate (721) abuts against one side of the fan-shaped airbag (71), the thrust plate (722) is set at a certain angle to the squeezing plate (721), and the thrust plate (722) is provided with an arc-shaped part (723); when the dust concentration sensor (5) moves into the protective cover (65), the arc-shaped part (723) is allowed to abut against the dust concentration sensor (5) first.

8. The intelligent dust suppression equipment based on a construction site according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cylinder (612) is provided with a low-pressure boosting component (8); the low-pressure boosting component (8) is used to increase the axial output thrust under unit water pressure by changing the cross-sectional shape of the first piston (613) and the cylinder (612).

9. The intelligent dust suppression equipment based on a construction site according to claim 8, characterized in that: The low-pressure boosting component (8) includes a second piston (83); the cylinder body (612) has a stepped structure, and the cylinder body (612) includes a thin cylinder (81) connected to the branch pipe (611) and a thick cylinder (82) coaxially connected to the thin cylinder (81); the first piston (613) is coaxially slidably connected inside the thick cylinder (82), the second piston (83) is coaxially connected to the first piston (613), and the second piston (83) is coaxially slidably connected to the thin cylinder (81); the inner wall of the thin cylinder (81) is provided with a water-passing groove (84), and the pressure-bearing end of the first piston (613) and the connection position between the thin cylinder (81) and the thick cylinder (82) form an annular boosting chamber (88), and the water in the branch pipe (611) is connected to the annular boosting chamber (88) through the water-passing groove (84); A buffer sleeve (85) is coaxially fixed on the end cap (615). One end of the first piston (613) is provided with an annular groove (86) that is adapted to the buffer sleeve (85). Multiple buffer throttling holes (87) are provided on the periphery of the buffer sleeve (85). When the first piston (613) moves closer to the buffer sleeve (85) so that the buffer sleeve (85) is inserted into the annular groove (86), the air in the annular groove (86) is discharged through the buffer throttling holes (87).

10. A smart dust suppression method based on construction sites, characterized in that: The intelligent dust suppression equipment based on the construction site as described in claims 1-9 is adopted; Specifically, the following steps are included: Step 1, water pressure drive: After the intelligent dust suppression equipment issues the spray start command, the water supply control valve in the intelligent dust suppression equipment is immediately opened, and high pressure water enters the high pressure water pipe (4) and the atomizing nozzle, and the atomizing cannon (3) begins to spray mist droplets; at the same time, the increased water pressure in the high pressure water pipe (4) triggers the water pressure drive component (61), which provides power for the movement and avoidance of the dust concentration sensor (5); Step 2, Rotation and Avoidance: The water pressure drive assembly (61) drives the dust concentration sensor (5) to move in an arc from the initial detection station to the avoidance station until the dust concentration sensor (5) moves into the protective cover (65), so that the protective cover (65) blocks and protects the detection end of the dust concentration sensor (5); when the dust reduction work is completed, the water supply control valve is closed, and the water pressure drive assembly (61) drives the dust concentration sensor (5) to rotate and reset, so that the dust concentration sensor (5) moves to the detection station to continue detection.

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