A full range oil adsorptive desulfurization system and method

Abstract

The application provides a full-range oil adsorption desulfurization system and method, relates to the technical field of adsorption desulfurization towers, and comprises a desulfurization tower, a tower cover and a cleaning assembly. The outer wall of the desulfurization tower is fixedly connected with an air inlet pipe. The outer wall of the desulfurization tower is fixedly connected with an air pump. One end of the air pump is fixedly connected with a main pipe. The upper surface of the tower cover is fixedly connected with an air outlet pipe. The cleaning assembly is arranged on the inner wall of the desulfurization tower. The cleaning assembly comprises a plurality of fixed plates, the fixed plates are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the desulfurization tower, one side of each of the fixed plates is fixedly connected with the same annular pipe, the outer wall of the annular pipe is fixedly connected with one end of the main pipe, and a plurality of water outlets are formed in the outer wall of the annular pipe. The application has the advantages that the inner walls of the spray pipe and the connecting pipe are scraped and cleaned by the cleaning plate, solid reaction products generated after gas enters the nozzle after long-time use are prevented from blocking the nozzle, and the spraying efficiency is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of adsorption desulfurization tower technology, and in particular to an adsorption desulfurization system and method for whole-fraction oil. Background Technology

[0002] An adsorption desulfurization tower is a vertical tower device that uses a solid adsorbent to selectively adsorb and remove hydrogen sulfide from liquefied petroleum gas. It introduces sulfur-containing feed gas or oil products from the bottom or top of the tower, allowing sulfur-containing compounds to be captured by active sites on the surface of the adsorbent as they pass through the adsorbent bed. The adsorbent is mainly a lean amine solution. The purified products are discharged from the other end of the tower. The adsorbent can be reactivated by thermal regeneration or solvent regeneration after adsorption saturation. It is widely used in the field of deep desulfurization treatment of natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, and gasoline and diesel products.

[0003] Existing technologies, such as the invention disclosed in CN122377285A, disclose a catalytic flue gas desulfurization tower. The key technical points are as follows: This invention relates to the field of desulfurization tower technology. The catalytic flue gas desulfurization tower includes a desulfurization tower body, an exhaust mechanism at the top of the tower body, an air inlet pipe at the front of the tower body, multiple acid storage tanks at the front of the tower body, and several independent processing tanks inside the tower body. This invention features multiple layers of catalyst for multi-layer adsorption of flue gas, resulting in good adsorption and effective desulfurization. Each catalyst layer has a corresponding washing mechanism at its top and a single-stage drainage mechanism at its bottom, achieving multi-layer segmented adsorption, layered washing and desorption, and layered drainage. A hydraulic drive component simultaneously drives a rotating spray assembly and a swing assembly, achieving "revolutionary spraying + rotational spraying + reciprocating swinging spraying," which facilitates dynamic spraying and washing of the catalyst and ensures uniform spraying.

[0004] Regarding the above-mentioned issues, the following technical defects were found: In existing whole-fraction oil adsorption desulfurization systems, the desulfurization tower typically only has a fixed adsorption liquid spraying structure. After long-term use, reaction products or solid particles entrained in the adsorption liquid are prone to gradually depositing and forming scale on the inner wall of the spray pipe and nozzles. However, the inner wall of the pipe lacks an effective self-cleaning structure, and the scale cannot be removed in time during operation. It can only be cleaned by manually disassembling the pipe or replacing the nozzles after shutdown, which not only affects the continuous operation efficiency of the desulfurization system, but also increases the frequency of equipment maintenance and labor costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and to propose an adsorption desulfurization system and method for whole distillate oil.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a desulfurization tower, a tower cover, and a cleaning component. An air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the desulfurization tower, and an air pump is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the desulfurization tower. One end of the air pump is fixedly connected to a main pipe. An air outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the tower cover. The cleaning component is located on the inner wall of the desulfurization tower and includes several fixed plates, all of which are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the desulfurization tower. One side of each of the fixed plates is fixedly connected to the same annular pipe. The outer wall of the annular pipe is fixedly connected to one end of the main pipe. Several water outlet holes are opened on the outer wall of the annular pipe. Adjusting pipes are rotatably connected to the arc surfaces of the annular pipe corresponding to the positions of the water outlet holes. A connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the arc surfaces of the adjusting pipes. A spray pipe is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting pipe. A side plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the spray pipe. A rotating rod is rotatably connected to one side of the side plate, and a connecting plate is fixedly connected to the arc surfaces of the rotating rod.

[0007] The effect achieved by the above components is as follows: by setting up the cleaning component, the rotating rod drives the cleaning plate to rotate through the connecting plate, and the cleaning plate scrapes and cleans the inner wall of the spray pipe and the connecting pipe, so as to prevent the gas from entering the nozzle after long-term use and generating solid reactants that clog the nozzle and reduce the spraying efficiency.

[0008] Preferably, a cleaning plate is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting plate. The cleaning plate is divided into a "Z"-shaped abutment section and an "L"-shaped connecting section from bottom to top. A pad is fixedly connected to one side of the cleaning plate. The pad is specifically a rubber plate. One side of the pad abuts against the inner wall of the spray pipe and the connecting pipe, respectively.

[0009] The effect achieved by the above components is as follows: by designing two cleaning plates of different shapes, the Z-shaped cleaning plate fits the inner wall of the connecting pipe and the L-shaped cleaning plate fits the inner wall of the spray pipe, resulting in better cleaning effect. The pad abuts against the inner wall of the spray pipe and the connecting pipe to prevent the cleaning plate from scratching the inner wall of the spray pipe and the connecting pipe during cleaning.

[0010] Preferably, one end of the spray pipe is fixedly connected to a nozzle, and the nozzle has an "S" shaped cross-section.

[0011] The effect achieved by the above components is that by setting an S-shaped nozzle, gas is less likely to enter the nozzle, thus reducing the formation of solid reactants.

[0012] Preferably, the arc surface of the rotating rod is fixedly connected with a plurality of fan blades for driving the rotating rod to rotate, and the plurality of fan blades are evenly distributed on the arc surface of the rotating rod.

[0013] The effect achieved by the above components is that, by setting fan blades, the adsorbent liquid impacts the fan blades when flowing through the spray pipe, driving the rotating rod to rotate, without the need for external power drive, and the structure is simple and reliable.

[0014] Preferably, the arc surface of the regulating tube is provided with a driving assembly, the driving assembly includes a plurality of auxiliary plates and an intermediate disk, the plurality of auxiliary plates are respectively fixedly connected to the arc surface of the plurality of regulating tubes, a main sliding plate is rotatably connected to one side of each of the plurality of auxiliary plates, an auxiliary sliding plate is slidably connected to one side of each main sliding plate, and a plurality of rotating grooves are opened at one end of the intermediate disk corresponding to the position of the regulating tube, and the inner walls of the plurality of rotating grooves are respectively fixedly and rotatably connected to one side of each of the plurality of auxiliary sliding plates.

[0015] The effect achieved by the above components is as follows: by setting up a drive assembly, when the intermediate plate is raised and lowered, it drives the auxiliary sliding plate and the main sliding plate to move through the rotating groove. The main sliding plate drives the regulating pipe to rotate through the auxiliary plate. The regulating pipe drives the connecting pipe and the spray pipe to swing, thereby changing the spray angle of the adsorbent liquid.

[0016] Preferably, the arc surface of the regulating tube is provided with a driving assembly, the driving assembly includes a plurality of auxiliary plates and an intermediate disk, the plurality of auxiliary plates are respectively fixedly connected to the arc surface of the plurality of regulating tubes, a main sliding plate is rotatably connected to one side of each of the plurality of auxiliary plates, an auxiliary sliding plate is slidably connected to one side of each main sliding plate, and a plurality of rotating grooves are opened at one end of the intermediate disk corresponding to the position of the regulating tube, and the inner walls of the plurality of rotating grooves are respectively fixedly and rotatably connected to one side of each of the plurality of auxiliary sliding plates.

[0017] The effect achieved by the above components is as follows: by setting up a drive assembly, when the intermediate plate is raised and lowered, it drives the auxiliary sliding plate and the main sliding plate to move through the rotating groove. The main sliding plate drives the regulating pipe to rotate through the auxiliary plate. The regulating pipe drives the connecting pipe and the spray pipe to swing, thereby changing the spray angle of the adsorbent liquid.

[0018] Preferably, each end of the plurality of regulating tubes is fixedly connected to a limiting ring, and the outer wall of the annular tube is provided with a plurality of limiting grooves corresponding to the positions of the limiting rings, and the limiting rings are slidably connected to the inner walls of the limiting grooves.

[0019] The effect achieved by the above components is as follows: by setting a limiting ring and a limiting groove, when the regulating tube rotates, the limiting ring will slide along the limiting groove, and the limiting groove will limit the rotation of the regulating tube to prevent the regulating tube from deviating.

[0020] Preferably, the upper end of the desulfurization tower is provided with a locking assembly, the locking assembly including a sliding ring, the sliding ring being rotatably connected to the upper end of the desulfurization tower, a plurality of locking posts being fixedly connected to the outer wall of the tower cover, a plurality of locking plates being fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding ring, a locking groove being opened on one side of each of the locking plates, the inner wall of the locking groove engaging with the arc surface of the locking post, a positioning plate being fixedly connected to the upper end of the desulfurization tower, a motor being fixedly connected to the upper surface of the positioning plate, a gear being fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, and a plurality of tooth blocks being fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding ring corresponding to the position of the motor, the plurality of tooth blocks meshing with the gear.

[0021] The effect achieved by the above components is as follows: by setting the locking component, the motor drives the toothed block and the sliding ring to rotate through the gear, the sliding ring drives the card plate to rotate, and the card slot of the card plate engages with the arc surface of the card column, locking the tower cover to the desulfurization tower and realizing the automatic locking and unlocking of the tower cover.

[0022] Preferably, the inner wall of the tower cover is fixedly connected with a plurality of limiting plates, and the lower surface of each of the plurality of limiting plates is fixedly connected with an auxiliary column. The inner wall of the desulfurization tower is fixedly connected with a plurality of limiting blocks at the positions corresponding to the auxiliary columns. The upper surface of each of the plurality of limiting blocks is provided with a circular hole, the size of which is adapted to the size of the auxiliary column.

[0023] The effect achieved by the above components is as follows: by setting auxiliary columns and round holes, the auxiliary columns are inserted into the round holes during tower cover installation to position the tower cover in place, prevent the tower cover from shifting during installation, and ensure the coaxiality of the tower cover and the desulfurization tower.

[0024] This invention also provides an adsorption desulfurization method for whole-fraction oil, comprising the following steps: S1: Liquefied petroleum gas is introduced into the desulfurization tower through the inlet pipe, so that the oil and gas come into contact with the adsorbent in the desulfurization tower for adsorption and desulfurization treatment. The treated oil is discharged through the outlet pipe. The air pump is started, and the air pump pressurizes the adsorbent liquid and then sends it through the main pipe to the inside of the ring pipe and sprays it downwards to contact with the liquefied petroleum gas to absorb sulfur-containing substances. S2: When the inner walls of the spray pipe and connecting pipe become clogged with reactants after long-term use, they can be cleaned using the cleaning component. S3: First, the adsorbent liquid in the annular pipe flows into each regulating pipe through the water outlet, then enters the spray pipe through the connecting pipe, and finally is sprayed out through the nozzle at one end of the spray pipe. S4: When the adsorbent flows through the spray pipe, the impact fan blades drive the rotating rod to rotate on one side of the side plate, and the rotating rod drives the cleaning plate to rotate synchronously through the connecting plate; S5: When the cleaning plates rotate, the Z-shaped cleaning plates scrape and clean the inner walls of the spray pipes and connecting pipes to remove solid reactants adhering to the inner walls, while the L-shaped cleaning plates scrape and clean the corner areas of the inner walls of the desulfurization tower. S6: During the cleaning process, the pad abuts against the inner wall of the spray pipe and connecting pipe to prevent the cleaning plate from scratching the inner wall of the spray pipe and connecting pipe. S7: When it is necessary to adjust the spray angle of the adsorbent liquid, start the cylinder. The cylinder pushes the middle plate up and down in the vertical direction through the horizontal plate and the rotating shaft. S8: When the intermediate plate is raised or lowered, it drives the auxiliary sliding plate to move through the rotating groove. The auxiliary sliding plate slides along the main sliding plate, and the main sliding plate drives the regulating tube to rotate through the auxiliary plate. S9: When the regulating pipe rotates, it drives the limiting ring to slide along the limiting groove. The limiting groove limits the rotation angle of the regulating pipe. The regulating pipe drives the connecting pipe and the spray pipe to swing synchronously, changing the spray angle of the nozzle. S10: When it is necessary to open the tower cover, start the motor. The motor drives the gear to rotate in the opposite direction through the positioning plate. The gear drives the tooth block and the sliding ring to rotate in the opposite direction around the upper end of the desulfurization tower. The sliding ring drives the card plate to rotate. The card slot of the card plate exits from the arc surface of the card column, releasing the lock between the tower cover and the desulfurization tower. S11: Lift the tower cover upwards. The tower cover drives the limiting plate and auxiliary column to rise synchronously. The auxiliary column is pulled out from the round hole of the limiting block, so that the tower cover is separated from the desulfurization tower, and the disassembly of the tower cover is completed. S12: When it is necessary to install the tower cover, hoist the tower cover to the top of the desulfurization tower, align the auxiliary column with the round hole and insert it to position the tower cover in place. S13: Restart the motor. The motor drives the gear block and sliding ring to rotate in the forward direction. The sliding ring drives the clamping plate to rotate. The clamping groove of the clamping plate engages with the arc surface of the clamping column, locking the tower cover to the desulfurization tower and completing the installation and locking of the tower cover.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. In this invention, by setting up a cleaning component, the rotating rod drives the cleaning plate to rotate through the connecting plate. The Z-shaped cleaning plate scrapes and cleans the inner wall of the spray pipe and the connecting pipe, preventing solid reactants from forming and clogging the nozzle after long-term use, thus reducing the spraying efficiency.

[0026] 2. In this invention, by setting a driving component, when the intermediate plate is raised and lowered, the auxiliary sliding plate and the main sliding plate are moved through the rotating groove. The main sliding plate drives the adjusting pipe to rotate through the auxiliary plate. The adjusting pipe drives the connecting pipe and the spray pipe to swing, thereby changing the spray angle of the adsorbent liquid.

[0027] 3. In this invention, by setting a locking component, the motor drives the toothed block and the sliding ring to rotate through the gear, the sliding ring drives the locking plate to rotate, and the locking groove of the locking plate engages with the arc surface of the locking column, thereby locking and fixing the tower cover to the desulfurization tower, realizing the automatic locking and unlocking of the tower cover. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an adsorption desulfurization system and method for full-fraction oil proposed in this invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the partial structure is as described above; Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of the cleaning components. Figure 4 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the cleaning components shown; Figure 5 for Figure 3 The diagram shows the structure of the fan blades; Figure 6 for Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of the driving component. Figure 7 for Figure 6 A partial disassembly diagram of the drive component is shown. Figure 8 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the locking component. Figure 9 for Figure 8 The diagram shows a partial structural schematic of the locking component.

[0029] Legend: 1. Desulfurization tower; 2. Inlet pipe; 3. Tower cover; 4. Outlet pipe; 5. Cleaning assembly; 501. Fixing plate; 502. Annular pipe; 503. Regulating pipe; 504. Connecting pipe; 505. Spray pipe; 506. Nozzle; 507. Side plate; 508. Rotating rod; 509. Fan blade; 510. Connecting plate; 511. Cleaning plate; 512. Pad plate; 513. Water outlet; 6. Drive assembly; 601. Auxiliary plate; 602. Main sliding plate; 603. Auxiliary sliding plate; 604. 605. Intermediate plate; 606. Rotating groove; 607. Rotating shaft; 608. Horizontal plate; 609. Cylinder; 610. Protective box; 611. Base plate; 612. Limiting ring; 613. Limiting groove; 704. Locking assembly; 705. Locking post; 706. Locking plate; 707. Locking block; 708. Locking groove; 709. Limiting plate; 710. Auxiliary post; 711. Limiting block; 712. Round hole; 8. Air pump; 9. Main pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0031] Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and therefore the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the following specification.

[0032] Example 1, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides an adsorption desulfurization system for full-fraction oil, including a desulfurization tower 1, a tower cover 3, and a cleaning component 5. An air inlet pipe 2 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the desulfurization tower 1, and an air pump 8 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the desulfurization tower 1. One end of the air pump 8 is fixedly connected to a main pipe 9. An air outlet pipe 4 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the tower cover 3. The cleaning component 5 is disposed on the inner wall of the desulfurization tower 1. A driving component 6 is provided on the arc surface of the regulating pipe 503, and a locking component 7 is provided at the upper end of the desulfurization tower 1.

[0033] The following section will explain the specific settings and functions of its cleaning component 5, driving component 6, and locking component 7.

[0034] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7As shown, the cleaning component 5 includes several fixed plates 501, which are all fixedly connected to the inner wall of the desulfurization tower 1. One side of each fixed plate 501 is fixedly connected to the same annular pipe 502. The outer wall of the annular pipe 502 is fixedly connected to one end of the main pipe 9. Several water outlet holes 513 are opened on the outer wall of the annular pipe 502. The arc surface of the annular pipe 502 is rotatably connected to the positions of the several water outlet holes 513. The arc surface of the regulating pipe 503 is fixedly connected to the connecting pipe 504. One end of the connecting pipe 504 is fixedly connected to the spray pipe 505. The inner wall of the spray pipe 505 is fixedly connected to the side plate 507. A rotating rod 508 is rotatably connected to one side of the side plate 507. A connecting plate 510 is fixedly connected to the arc surface of the rotating rod 508. A cleaning plate 511 is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting plate 510. The cleaning plate 511 is divided into two sections. One section has a "Z" shaped cross-section, and the other section has an "L" shaped cross-section. By setting up the cleaning component 5, the rotating rod 508 drives the cleaning plate 511 to rotate through the connecting plate 510. The Z-shaped cleaning plate 511 scrapes and cleans the inner wall of the spray pipe 505 and the connecting pipe 504 to prevent solid reactants from forming after gas enters the nozzle 506 and clogging the nozzle 506 after long-term use, thus reducing the spraying efficiency. A pad 512 is fixedly connected to one side of the cleaning plate 511. The pad 512 is specifically a rubber plate, and one side of the pad 512 abuts against the inner wall of the spray pipe 505 and the connecting pipe 504 respectively. By designing two cleaning plates 511 of different shapes, the Z-shaped cleaning plate 511 fits against the inner wall of the connecting pipe 504, and the L-shaped cleaning plate 511 fits against the inner wall of the spray pipe 505, resulting in better cleaning effect. The pad 512 abuts against the inner walls of the spray pipe 505 and the connecting pipe 504 to prevent the cleaning plates 511 from scratching the inner walls of the spray pipe 505 and the connecting pipe 504 during cleaning. One end of the spray pipe 505 is fixedly connected to a nozzle 506, and the cross-section of the nozzle 506 is "S". By setting the S-shaped nozzle 506, gas is less likely to enter the nozzle 506, reducing the generation of solid reactants. The arc surface of the rotating rod 508 is fixedly connected to several fan blades 509 for driving the rotating rod 508 to rotate, and the fan blades 509 are evenly distributed on the arc surface of the rotating rod 508. By setting the fan blade 509, when the adsorbent liquid flows through the spray pipe 505, it impacts the fan blade 509 and drives the rotating rod 508 to rotate. No external power is required, and the structure is simple and reliable.

[0035] The effect achieved by the entire cleaning component 5 is that, by setting up the cleaning component 5, the rotating rod 508 drives the cleaning plate 511 to rotate through the connecting plate 510. The Z-shaped cleaning plate 511 scrapes and cleans the inner wall of the spray pipe 505 and the connecting pipe 504, preventing solid reactants from forming and clogging the nozzle 506 after long-term use, thus reducing the spraying efficiency.

[0036] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the drive assembly 6 includes several auxiliary plates 601 and an intermediate disk 604. The auxiliary plates 601 are fixedly connected to the arc surfaces of several adjusting tubes 503. A main sliding plate 602 is rotatably connected to one side of each of the auxiliary plates 601. An auxiliary sliding plate 603 is slidably connected to one side of the main sliding plate 602. Several rotating grooves 605 are opened at one end of the intermediate disk 604 corresponding to the position of the adjusting tube 503. The inner walls of the rotating grooves 605 are fixedly and rotatably connected to one side of each of the auxiliary sliding plates 603. By setting the drive component 6, when the intermediate disk 604 is raised and lowered, it drives the auxiliary sliding plate 603 and the main sliding plate 602 to move through the rotating groove 605. The main sliding plate 602 drives the regulating pipe 503 to rotate through the auxiliary plate 601. The regulating pipe 503 drives the connecting pipe 504 and the spray pipe 505 to swing, changing the spray angle of the adsorbent liquid. The inner wall of the desulfurization tower 1 is fixedly connected to the protective box 609. The inner wall of the protective box 609 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 610. The lower surface of the bottom plate 610 is fixedly connected to the cylinder 608. The output end of the cylinder 608 is fixedly connected to the horizontal plate 607. The lower surface of the horizontal plate 607 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 606. The rotating shaft 606 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the intermediate disk 604. By using a cylinder 608, the intermediate plate 604 is raised and lowered, providing automatic driving force for the rotation of the regulating pipe 503. This eliminates the need for manual adjustment of the spray angle. A protective box 609 protects the cylinder 608 from liquid intrusion. Limiting rings 611 are fixedly connected to both ends of several regulating pipes 503. Several limiting grooves 612 are formed on the outer wall of the annular pipe 502 corresponding to the positions of the limiting rings 611. The limiting rings 611 and the inner walls of the limiting grooves 612 are slidably connected. By using the limiting rings 611 and the limiting grooves 612, when the regulating pipe 503 rotates, it causes the limiting rings 611 to slide along the limiting grooves 612. The limiting grooves 612 limit the rotation of the regulating pipe 503, preventing it from deviating.

[0037] The effect achieved by the entire drive assembly 6 is that, when the intermediate disk 604 is raised and lowered, it drives the auxiliary sliding plate 603 and the main sliding plate 602 to move through the rotating groove 605. The main sliding plate 602 drives the regulating pipe 503 to rotate through the auxiliary plate 601. The regulating pipe 503 drives the connecting pipe 504 and the spray pipe 505 to swing, thereby changing the spray angle of the adsorbent liquid.

[0038] like Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the locking assembly 7 includes a sliding ring 703, which is rotatably connected to the upper end of the desulfurization tower 1. Several locking posts 701 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the tower cover 3. Several locking plates 702 are fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding ring 703. Each of the locking plates 702 has a locking groove 708 on one side. The inner wall of the locking groove 708 engages with the arc surface of the locking post 701. A positioning plate 705 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the desulfurization tower 1. A motor 706 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the positioning plate 705. A gear 707 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 706. Several toothed blocks 704 are fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding ring 703 corresponding to the position of the motor 706. The toothed blocks 704 mesh with the gear 707. By setting the locking component 7, the motor 706 drives the toothed block 704 and the sliding ring 703 to rotate through the gear 707. The sliding ring 703 drives the locking plate 702 to rotate. The locking groove 708 of the locking plate 702 engages with the arc surface of the locking post 701, locking the tower cover 3 and the desulfurization tower 1 together, thus realizing the automatic locking and unlocking of the tower cover 3. Several limiting plates 709 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tower cover 3. Auxiliary posts 710 are fixedly connected to the lower surface of each of the limiting plates 709. Several limiting blocks 711 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the desulfurization tower 1 at the positions corresponding to the auxiliary posts 710. A circular hole 712 is opened on the upper surface of each of the limiting blocks 711. The size of the circular hole 712 is adapted to the size of the auxiliary post 710. By setting up auxiliary columns 710 and round holes 712, the auxiliary columns 710 are inserted into the round holes 712 during the installation of the tower cover 3 to position the tower cover 3, prevent the tower cover 3 from shifting during installation, and ensure the coaxiality of the tower cover 3 and the desulfurization tower 1.

[0039] The effect achieved by the entire locking component 7 is that, by setting the locking component 7, the motor 706 drives the tooth block 704 and the sliding ring 703 to rotate through the gear 707, the sliding ring 703 drives the card plate 702 to rotate, and the card slot 708 of the card plate 702 engages with the arc surface of the card post 701, thereby locking and fixing the tower cover 3 to the desulfurization tower 1, and realizing the automatic locking and unlocking of the tower cover 3.

[0040] The overall working principle is as follows: the top material and non-condensable gas from the bottom of the depentane tower are sent to the whole distillate oil adsorption and decarbonization unit. The main component of the top material is liquefied petroleum gas containing pentane oil. When adsorption desulfurization is required, liquefied petroleum gas is introduced into the desulfurization tower 1 through the inlet pipe 2 to contact the adsorbent. The adsorption liquid is mainly lean amine liquid. At the same time, the gas pump 8 sends the adsorption liquid through the main pipe 9 to the annular pipe 502. The adsorption liquid enters the spray pipe 505 through the water outlet 513, regulating pipe 503, and connecting pipe 504, and is sprayed out from the nozzle 506 to contact the oil and gas in the opposite direction to absorb sulfur-containing substances. The treated oil and gas are discharged from the gas outlet pipe 4 of the tower cover 3, completing the adsorption desulfurization and removing hydrogen sulfide. However, after prolonged use, the gas entering the nozzle 506 generates solid reactants that clog the nozzle 506, reducing spraying efficiency. At this point, a cleaning component 5 is needed. When cleaning the inner walls of the spray pipe 505 and connecting pipe 504 is required, the air pump 8 pressurizes the adsorbent liquid and then delivers it through the main pipe 9 to the inside of the annular pipe 502. The adsorbent liquid flows through the outlet hole 513 of the annular pipe 502 into the regulating pipe 503, and then through the connecting pipe 504 into the spray pipe 505. As the adsorbent liquid flows through the spray pipe 505, it impacts the fan blade 509, causing the rotating rod 508 to rotate on the side. One side of plate 507 rotates, and the rotating rod 508 drives the cleaning plate 511 to rotate synchronously through the connecting plate 510. The Z-shaped cleaning plate 511 scrapes and cleans the inner wall of the spray pipe 505 and the connecting pipe 504, and the L-shaped cleaning plate 511 scrapes and cleans the corner area of ​​the inner wall of the desulfurization tower 1. At the same time, the pad plate 512 prevents the cleaning plate 511 from scratching the inner wall of the spray pipe 505 and the connecting pipe 504 during cleaning. The adsorbent liquid is finally sprayed out through the nozzle 506 at one end of the spray pipe 505. The fixing plate 501 fixes the annular pipe 502 to the inner wall of the desulfurization tower 1.

[0041] By setting the drive component 6, when it is necessary to adjust the spray angle of the adsorbent liquid, the cylinder 608 first pushes the intermediate plate 604 to rise and fall vertically through the horizontal plate 607 and the rotating shaft 606. The protective box 609 and the base plate 610 provide support for the cylinder 608. The intermediate plate 604 drives the auxiliary sliding plate 603 to move through the rotating groove 605. The auxiliary sliding plate 603 slides along the main sliding plate 602. The main sliding plate 602 drives the adjusting pipe 503 to rotate through the auxiliary plate 601. The adjusting pipe 503 drives the limiting ring 611 to slide along the limiting groove 612 of the annular pipe 502. At the same time, the adjusting pipe 503 drives the connecting pipe 504 and the spray pipe 505 to swing synchronously.

[0042] By setting the locking component 7, when the tower cover 3 needs to be opened, since the tower cover 3 is heavy and cannot be rotated manually, the motor 706 first drives the gear 707 to rotate through the positioning plate 705. The gear 707 drives the toothed block 704 and the sliding ring 703 to rotate around the upper end of the desulfurization tower 1. The sliding ring 703 drives the locking plate 702 to rotate, and the locking groove 708 of the locking plate 702 disengages from the arc surface of the locking column 701, unlocking the tower cover 3 from the desulfurization tower 1. At the same time, the tower cover 3 drives the limiting plate 709 and the auxiliary column 710 to rise and fall synchronously. The auxiliary column 710 disengages from the round hole 712 of the limiting block 711. When the tower cover 3 needs to be installed, the tower cover 3 is first hoisted to the desulfurization tower 1. At the upper end of the desulfurization tower 1, the auxiliary column 710 is aligned with the circular hole 712 of the limiting block 711 and inserted to position the tower cover 3. Then, the motor 706 drives the gear 707 to rotate in the opposite direction through the positioning plate 705. The gear 707 drives the tooth block 704 and the sliding ring 703 to rotate in the opposite direction around the upper end of the desulfurization tower 1. The sliding ring 703 drives the locking plate 702 to rotate. The locking groove 708 of the locking plate 702 is engaged with the arc surface of the locking column 701, locking the tower cover 3 to the desulfurization tower 1. At the same time, the tower cover 3 drives the limiting plate 709 and the auxiliary column 710 to descend synchronously. The auxiliary column 710 is fully inserted into the circular hole 712 of the limiting block 711.

[0043] This invention also provides an adsorption desulfurization method for whole-fraction oil, comprising the following steps: S1: Liquefied petroleum gas is introduced into the desulfurization tower 1 through the inlet pipe 2, so that the oil and gas come into contact with the adsorbent in the desulfurization tower 1 for adsorption and desulfurization treatment. The treated oil is discharged through the outlet pipe 4. The air pump 8 is started, and the air pump 8 pressurizes the adsorbent liquid and then sends it through the main pipe 9 to the inside of the annular pipe 502 and sprays it downwards to come into contact with the liquefied petroleum gas to absorb sulfur-containing substances. S2: When the inner walls of the spray pipe 505 and the connecting pipe 504 become clogged with reactants after long-term use, they can be cleaned through the cleaning component 5. S3: First, the adsorbent in the annular pipe 502 flows into each regulating pipe 503 through the water outlet 513, then enters the spray pipe 505 through the connecting pipe 504, and finally is sprayed out through the nozzle 506 at one end of the spray pipe 505. S4: When the adsorbent flows through the spray pipe 505, the impact fan blade 509 drives the rotating rod 508 to rotate on one side of the side plate 507. The rotating rod 508 drives the cleaning plate 511 to rotate synchronously through the connecting plate 510. S5: When the cleaning plate 511 rotates, the Z-shaped cleaning plate 511 scrapes and cleans the inner wall of the spray pipe 505 and the connecting pipe 504 to remove the solid reactants attached to the inner wall, and the L-shaped cleaning plate 511 scrapes and cleans the corner area of ​​the inner wall of the desulfurization tower 1. S6: During the cleaning process, the pad 512 abuts against the inner wall of the spray pipe 505 and the connecting pipe 504 to prevent the cleaning plate 511 from scratching the inner wall of the spray pipe 505 and the connecting pipe 504. S7: When it is necessary to adjust the spray angle of the adsorption liquid, start the cylinder 608. The cylinder 608 pushes the intermediate plate 604 to rise and fall in the vertical direction through the horizontal plate 607 and the rotating shaft 606. S8: When the intermediate plate 604 is raised or lowered, it drives the auxiliary sliding plate 603 to move through the rotating groove 605. The auxiliary sliding plate 603 slides along the main sliding plate 602. The main sliding plate 602 drives the regulating tube 503 to rotate through the auxiliary plate 601. S9: When the regulating pipe 503 rotates, it drives the limiting ring 611 to slide along the limiting groove 612. The limiting groove 612 limits the rotation angle of the regulating pipe 503. The regulating pipe 503 drives the connecting pipe 504 and the spray pipe 505 to swing synchronously, changing the spray angle of the nozzle 506. S10: When it is necessary to open the tower cover 3, start the motor 706. The motor 706 drives the gear 707 to rotate in the opposite direction through the positioning plate 705. The gear 707 drives the tooth block 704 and the sliding ring 703 to rotate in the opposite direction around the upper end of the desulfurization tower 1. The sliding ring 703 drives the clamping plate 702 to rotate. The clamping groove 708 of the clamping plate 702 exits from the arc surface of the clamping post 701, releasing the lock between the tower cover 3 and the desulfurization tower 1. S11: Lift the tower cover 3 upwards. The tower cover 3 drives the limiting plate 709 and the auxiliary column 710 to rise synchronously. The auxiliary column 710 is pulled out from the round hole 712 of the limiting block 711, so that the tower cover 3 is separated from the desulfurization tower 1, and the disassembly of the tower cover 3 is completed. S12: When it is necessary to install the tower cover 3, hoist the tower cover 3 to the upper end of the desulfurization tower 1, align the auxiliary column 710 with the round hole 712 and insert it to position the installation position of the tower cover 3. S13: Restart motor 706. Motor 706 drives gear block 704 and sliding ring 703 to rotate in the forward direction through gear 707. Sliding ring 703 drives card plate 702 to rotate. Card slot 708 of card plate 702 engages with arc surface of card post 701, locking tower cover 3 to desulfurization tower 1, thus completing the installation and locking of tower cover 3.

[0044] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments for application in other fields. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adsorption desulfurization system for whole-fraction oil, comprising a desulfurization tower (1), a tower cover (3), and a cleaning assembly (5), characterized in that: The outer wall of the desulfurization tower (1) is fixedly connected to an air inlet pipe (2), the outer wall of the desulfurization tower (1) is fixedly connected to an air pump (8), one end of the air pump (8) is fixedly connected to a main pipe (9), the upper surface of the tower cover (3) is fixedly connected to an air outlet pipe (4), and the cleaning component (5) is located on the inner wall of the desulfurization tower (1).

2. The adsorption desulfurization system for whole-fraction oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning component (5) includes several fixed plates (501), which are all fixedly connected to the inner wall of the desulfurization tower (1). One side of each of the fixed plates (501) is fixedly connected to the same annular pipe (502). The outer wall of the annular pipe (502) is fixedly connected to one end of the main pipe (9). Several water outlet holes (513) are provided on the outer wall of the annular pipe (502). The arc surface of the annular pipe (502) is rotatably connected to the positions of the several water outlet holes (513). The arc surface of the adjusting pipe (503) is fixedly connected to the connecting pipe (504). One end of the connecting pipe (504) is fixedly connected to the spray pipe. (505), a side plate (507) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the spray pipe (505), a rotating rod (508) is rotatably connected to one side of the side plate (507), a connecting plate (510) is fixedly connected to the arc surface of the rotating rod (508), a cleaning plate (511) is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting plate (510), the cleaning plate (511) is divided into a "Z"-shaped abutment section and an "L"-shaped connecting section from bottom to top, a pad (512) is fixedly connected to one side of the cleaning plate (511), the pad (512) is specifically a rubber plate, one side of the pad (512) abuts against the inner wall of the spray pipe (505) and the connecting pipe (504) respectively.

3. The adsorption desulfurization system for whole-fraction oil according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the spray pipe (505) is fixedly connected to a nozzle (506), and the nozzle (506) has an "S" shaped cross section.

4. The adsorption desulfurization system for whole-fraction oil according to claim 2, characterized in that: The circular arc surface of the rotating rod (508) is fixedly connected to a plurality of fan blades (509) for driving the rotating rod (508) to rotate, and the plurality of fan blades (509) are evenly distributed on the circular arc surface of the rotating rod (508).

5. The adsorption desulfurization system for whole-fraction oil according to claim 2, characterized in that: The arc surface of the regulating tube (503) is provided with a driving assembly (6). The driving assembly (6) includes several auxiliary plates (601) and an intermediate disk (604). Several auxiliary plates (601) are fixedly connected to the arc surface of several regulating tubes (503). A main sliding plate (602) is rotatably connected to one side of each of the several auxiliary plates (601). An auxiliary sliding plate (603) is slidably connected to one side of the main sliding plate (602). Several rotating grooves (605) are opened at one end of the intermediate disk (604) corresponding to the position of the regulating tube (503). The inner walls of the several rotating grooves (605) are fixedly and rotatably connected to one side of each of the several auxiliary sliding plates (603).

6. The adsorption desulfurization system for whole-fraction oil according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner wall of the desulfurization tower (1) is fixedly connected to a protective box (609), the inner wall of the protective box (609) is fixedly connected to a bottom plate (610), the lower surface of the bottom plate (610) is fixedly connected to a cylinder (608), the output end of the cylinder (608) is fixedly connected to a horizontal plate (607), the lower surface of the horizontal plate (607) is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft (606), and the rotating shaft (606) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the intermediate plate (604).

7. The adsorption desulfurization system for whole-fraction oil according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both ends of several regulating tubes (503) are fixedly connected to limiting rings (611). The outer wall of the annular tube (502) is provided with several limiting grooves (612) corresponding to the positions of the limiting rings (611). The limiting rings (611) are slidably connected to the inner walls of the limiting grooves (612).

8. The adsorption desulfurization system for whole-fraction oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the desulfurization tower (1) is provided with a locking assembly (7), which includes a sliding ring (703). The sliding ring (703) is rotatably connected to the upper end of the desulfurization tower (1). Several locking posts (701) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the tower cover (3). Several locking plates (702) are fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding ring (703). A slot (708) is opened on one side of each of the several locking plates (702). The inner side of the slot (708) is... The wall and the arc surface of the clamping column (701) are engaged. The upper end of the desulfurization tower (1) is fixedly connected to a positioning plate (705). The upper surface of the positioning plate (705) is fixedly connected to a motor (706). The output end of the motor (706) is fixedly connected to a gear (707). The upper end of the sliding ring (703) is fixedly connected to several tooth blocks (704) corresponding to the position of the motor (706). The several tooth blocks (704) mesh with the gear (707).

9. The adsorption desulfurization system for whole-fraction oil according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner wall of the tower cover (3) is fixedly connected with several limiting plates (709), and the lower surface of each of the limiting plates (709) is fixedly connected with an auxiliary column (710). The inner wall of the desulfurization tower (1) is fixedly connected with several limiting blocks (711) corresponding to the position of the auxiliary column (710). The upper surface of each of the limiting blocks (711) is provided with a round hole (712), and the size of the round hole (712) is adapted to the size of the auxiliary column (710).

10. An adsorption desulfurization method for whole-fraction oil, employing an adsorption desulfurization system for whole-fraction oil as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Liquefied petroleum gas is introduced into the desulfurization tower (1) through the inlet pipe (2) so that the oil and gas come into contact with the adsorbent in the desulfurization tower (1) for adsorption and desulfurization treatment. The treated oil is discharged through the outlet pipe (4). The gas pump (8) is started. The gas pump (8) pressurizes the adsorbent liquid and then sends it through the main pipe (9) to the inside of the ring pipe (502) and sprays it downwards to come into contact with the liquefied petroleum gas to absorb sulfur-containing substances. S2: When the inner walls of the spray pipe (505) and the connecting pipe (504) become clogged by reactants after long-term use, they need to be cleaned by the cleaning component (5). S3: First, the adsorbent in the annular pipe (502) flows into each regulating pipe (503) through the water outlet (513), then enters the spray pipe (505) through the connecting pipe (504), and finally is sprayed out through the nozzle (506) at one end of the spray pipe (505). S4: When the adsorbent flows through the spray pipe (505), the impact fan blade (509) drives the rotating rod (508) to rotate on one side of the side plate (507). The rotating rod (508) drives the cleaning plate (511) to rotate synchronously through the connecting plate (510). S5: When the cleaning plate (511) rotates, the Z-shaped cleaning plate (511) scrapes and cleans the inner wall of the spray pipe (505) and the connecting pipe (504) to remove the solid reactants attached to the inner wall, and the L-shaped cleaning plate (511) scrapes and cleans the corner area of ​​the inner wall of the desulfurization tower (1). S6: During the cleaning process, the pad (512) abuts against the inner wall of the spray pipe (505) and the connecting pipe (504) to prevent the cleaning plate (511) from scratching the inner wall of the spray pipe (505) and the connecting pipe (504); S7: When it is necessary to adjust the spray angle of the adsorbent liquid, start the cylinder (608), and the cylinder (608) pushes the intermediate plate (604) to rise and fall in the vertical direction through the horizontal plate (607) and the rotating shaft (606); S8: When the intermediate plate (604) is raised or lowered, it drives the auxiliary sliding plate (603) to move through the rotating groove (605). The auxiliary sliding plate (603) slides along the main sliding plate (602). The main sliding plate (602) drives the regulating tube (503) to rotate through the auxiliary plate (601). S9: When the regulating pipe (503) rotates, it drives the limiting ring (611) to slide along the limiting groove (612). The limiting groove (612) limits the rotation angle of the regulating pipe (503). The regulating pipe (503) drives the connecting pipe (504) and the spray pipe (505) to swing synchronously, changing the spray angle of the nozzle (506). S10: When it is necessary to open the tower cover (3), start the motor (706). The motor (706) drives the gear (707) to rotate in the opposite direction through the positioning plate (705). The gear (707) drives the tooth block (704) and the sliding ring (703) to rotate in the opposite direction around the upper end of the desulfurization tower (1). The sliding ring (703) drives the card plate (702) to rotate. The card slot (708) of the card plate (702) exits from the arc surface of the card post (701), releasing the lock between the tower cover (3) and the desulfurization tower (1). S11: Lift the tower cover (3) upwards. The tower cover (3) drives the limiting plate (709) and the auxiliary column (710) to rise synchronously. The auxiliary column (710) is pulled out from the round hole (712) of the limiting block (711), so that the tower cover (3) is separated from the desulfurization tower (1) and the tower cover (3) is disassembled. S12: When it is necessary to install the tower cover (3), hoist the tower cover (3) to the upper end of the desulfurization tower (1), align the auxiliary column (710) with the round hole (712) and insert it to position the tower cover (3) in place; S13: Restart the motor (706). The motor (706) drives the gear block (704) and the sliding ring (703) to rotate in the forward direction through the gear (707). The sliding ring (703) drives the card plate (702) to rotate. The card slot (708) of the card plate (702) is engaged in the arc surface of the card post (701), locking the tower cover (3) and the desulfurization tower (1) together, thus completing the installation and locking of the tower cover (3).

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