Atomizing nozzle and aerosol generator

Abstract

The application discloses an atomizing nozzle and an aerosol generator, and particularly relates to the technical field of aerosol atomization, which comprises a nozzle unit, a jet pipe of the nozzle unit, a jet opening in the bottom of the jet pipe, a primary atomizing unit, a first pipe body of the primary atomizing unit, a first impact unit, a second pipe body of the first impact unit, a secondary atomizing unit, a third pipe body of the secondary atomizing unit, a second impact unit, and a fourth pipe body of the second impact unit, wherein the primary atomizing unit, the first impact unit, the secondary atomizing unit and the second impact unit are coupled to form a four-stage progressive atomization energy coupling structure. The four-stage progressive atomization energy coupling structure effectively solves the technical problems of wide atomization particle size distribution and large droplet residue in the prior art, significantly improves the atomization uniformity, and reduces the waste of the original liquid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aerosol atomization technology, specifically to atomizing nozzles and aerosol generators. Background Technology

[0002] An atomizing nozzle is a device that converts a liquid medium into fine droplets through energy input. Its principle is to use pressure, airflow, or mechanical force to overcome surface tension, causing the liquid to break up and disperse, thereby forming atomized particles with a specific particle size and spatial distribution. An aerosol generator is a device that can stably and controllably convert a liquid medium into tiny particles suspended in a gas. In a pneumatic aerosol generator, the atomizing nozzle is its core functional component, undertaking the main tasks of gas-liquid two-phase mixing and droplet breakup. Specifically, the atomizing nozzle uses high-speed airflow to shear and break up the liquid, generating initial atomized particles. Subsequently, combined with auxiliary structures such as airflow conveying, particle size screening, or evaporation and condensation in the aerosol generator, it forms an aerosol output that meets specific particle size and concentration requirements.

[0003] In practical applications, atomizing nozzles used in aerosol generators have stringent requirements. The atomizing nozzles not only need to have high-efficiency atomization capabilities, but also require highly concentrated particle size distribution and stable and controllable atomization process to accurately match the usage needs of high-precision scenarios such as medical inhalation and industrial spraying. However, the gas-liquid two-phase flow itself has significant complexity. The liquid breakup process under the action of high-speed airflow is affected by a variety of coupled factors. The atomizing nozzles used in traditional aerosol generators are often designed with simplicity in mind. Their internal space is limited and the gas-liquid mixing stroke is short, which leads to uneven airflow distribution and ultimately results in uneven particle size distribution and poor consistency of the output atomized particles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an atomizing nozzle and an aerosol generator.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The atomizing nozzle includes: a nozzle unit comprising a spray tube having an air inlet and a liquid inlet, and a spray port at its bottom; a primary atomizing unit comprising a first tube communicating with the spray port, the first tube having a tapered flow channel inside, the cross-sectional area of ​​the tapered flow channel gradually decreasing from the inlet to the outlet, the gas-liquid mixture increasing in velocity after passing through the tapered flow channel; and a first impact unit comprising a second tube communicating with a downstream channel of the primary atomizing unit, the second tube having a first impactor inside, the gas-liquid mixture colliding with the first impactor when passing through the second tube, causing the gas-liquid mixture to... The first impact unit consists of a second impact unit and a third tube connected to the downstream channel of the second impact unit. The third tube contains an ultrasonic atomizing component and an airflow shearing component, which further break down and atomize the gas-liquid mixture as it passes through them. The second impact unit contains a fourth tube connected to the downstream channel of the second impact unit. The fourth tube contains a second impactor, and its sidewall has a discharge hole. The gas-liquid mixture enters the fourth tube, collides with the second impactor, and forms atomized droplets that are discharged from the discharge hole.

[0006] Preferably, the first impactor includes a ring body, the inner side of which is provided with an upwardly inclined serrated protrusion, and the outer side of which is provided with a plurality of symmetrically distributed first liquid guiding grooves.

[0007] Preferably, the first impact unit includes a connecting seat, a connecting pipe is fixed to the bottom of the connecting seat, a threaded groove is provided on the top of the connecting seat, and a plate is provided at the bottom of the threaded groove, with a through hole in the middle of the plate.

[0008] Preferably, the second impact unit includes a cylinder, and the second impactor includes a splash guard disposed at the bottom inside the cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, the secondary atomizing unit includes a mounting base, the interior of which is provided with a hollow tube, a liquid distribution tube is inserted into the middle of the hollow tube, and the top of the liquid distribution tube has several through holes.

[0010] Preferably, a first conduit is provided below the hollow tube. The interior of the first conduit is a hollow structure with a circular hole in its axial direction. A second conduit is inserted into the circular hole. An air hole is provided on the side wall of the second conduit. A through hole corresponding to the air hole is provided on the inner side wall of the circular hole of the first conduit. An insertion hole is provided on one side wall of the first conduit. An external connector for a gas pipeline is inserted into the insertion hole.

[0011] Preferably, a guide tube is provided below the liquid distribution tube, the inside of the guide tube has an inverted conical channel, an ultrasonic atomizing module is provided in the inverted conical channel, and several guide plates distributed in a circular array are provided below the guide tube.

[0012] Preferably, an annular airbag is provided on the outer side of the bottom end of the guide plate, a hose is connected to one side of the airbag, and a solenoid valve is connected to the end of the hose.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom of the second impact unit is connected to a separation unit, the separation unit includes an installation tube, the bottom side wall of the installation tube is provided with a discharge hole, the inside of the installation tube is provided with a perforated plate, a plurality of separation tubes are provided below the perforated plate, and a liquid recovery chamber is located below the separation tubes.

[0014] An aerosol generator includes: an atomizing nozzle; a body, wherein a gas output pipe is fixed to one side of the body.

[0015] (1) The present invention forms a four-stage progressive atomization energy coupling structure by setting a primary atomization unit, a first impact unit, a secondary atomization unit and a second impact unit; the primary atomization unit uses high-speed airflow shearing to achieve the initial breakage of the liquid; the first impact unit uses an annular sawtooth structure to inertially impact the droplets to peel off large-diameter droplets; the secondary atomization unit uses ultrasound and airflow coupling to further refine the droplets to the submicron level; and the second impact unit achieves precise screening of ultrafine droplets through pore size sieving; the four-stage energy coupling structure gradually breaks the liquid into uniform ultrafine droplets, effectively solving the technical problems of wide atomization particle size distribution and large droplet residue in the prior art, significantly improving atomization uniformity, reducing raw liquid waste, and is particularly suitable for stable atomization scenarios of high viscosity aerosol raw liquid.

[0016] (2) The present invention provides a guide tube inside the secondary atomizing unit. The guide tube is located downstream of the first impact unit. When the liquid enters the secondary atomizing unit after being broken by the first impact unit with the airflow, it flows rapidly downward under the constraint of the guide tube. The inner wall of the guide tube adopts a streamlined cavity design, so no eddy currents are formed when the gas flows through it, which effectively reduces the airflow resistance. At the same time, a guide plate is provided inside the secondary atomizing unit below the guide tube. The surface of the guide plate is an arc structure. After the airflow flows out through the guide tube, the atomized droplets are guided by the guide plate to converge towards the cavity axis of the secondary atomizing unit. Through the combination design of the streamlined cavity and the arc-shaped guide plate, the airflow turbulence loss is significantly reduced, the airflow flows more smoothly through the cavity, and the atomization efficiency is improved.

[0017] (3) Based on the above-mentioned guide plate structure, the present invention provides an annular airbag structure on the outer side of the bottom end of the guide plate; when atomizing the high-viscosity aerosol liquid, gas is filled into the airbag to make the airbag expand. During the expansion process, the inner side of the airbag pushes the guide plate, so that the suspension angle of the guide plate changes adaptively; by precisely adjusting the suspension angle of the guide plate through the expansion and contraction of the airbag, it can adapt to the flow requirements of liquids with different viscosities; a large angle is used for high-viscosity liquids to enhance the airflow shear force and promote breakage, while a small angle is used for low-viscosity liquids to reduce eddy losses; this design effectively reduces the eddy intensity, makes the flow field distribution more uniform, and significantly broadens the adaptability of the equipment to liquids with different physical properties. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the atomizing nozzle of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the atomizing nozzle of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the primary atomizing unit of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the first impact unit of the present invention; Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the first impact unit of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ring, tray, and support tube of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a top view of the ring body and the protrusion of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the tray of the present invention; Figure 10 A cross-sectional view of the secondary atomizing unit of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 11 A cross-sectional view of the secondary atomizing unit of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 12 A cross-sectional view of the atomizing component of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 13 A cross-sectional view of the atomizing component of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 14This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support member, the guide plate, and the airbag of the present invention; Figure 15 for Figure 11 Enlarged view of section A in the middle; Figure 16 This is a cross-sectional view of the first and second catheters of the present invention; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second impact unit of the present invention; Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second impact unit and the separation unit of the present invention; Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the atomizing nozzle and the body of the present invention.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100. Nozzle unit; 110. Air inlet pipe; 120. Liquid inlet pipe; 200. Primary atomizing unit; 210. Atomizing channel; 300, First impact unit; 310, Connecting seat; 320, Plate; 330, Connecting pipe; 340, Ring body; 3410, Protrusion; 3420, First liquid guiding groove; 350, Pallet; 3510, Second Liquid Guide Tank; 3520, Supporting Tank; 360°, support pipe; 400. Secondary atomizing unit; 410. Gas pipe external connector; 420. Mounting base; 430. Hollow tube; 4310. Liquid distribution tube; 4320. Guide tube; 440. Cable connector; 4410. Ultrasonic atomization module; 450, First catheter; 4510, Second catheter; 460. Support component; 4610. Pressure plate; 4620. Support ring; 4630. Support ring; 470. Deflector plate; 480. Airbag; 4810. Hose; 490. Solenoid valve; 500, Second impact unit; 510, Cylinder; 520, Splash guard; 530, Screening hole; 600, Separation unit; 610, Mounting tube; 620, Discharge port; 630, Sealing plate; 700, return pipe; 800. Body; 810. Gas output pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Most atomizing nozzles used in aerosol generators employ a single-stage atomization method. Their basic principle is to shear and break down liquids using high-pressure gas, forming aerosol particles with a specific size distribution. However, these traditional nozzles have shortcomings in practical applications. Firstly, single-stage atomization makes it difficult to effectively control droplet size, resulting in a wide aerosol particle size distribution and a high proportion of large-diameter droplets remaining. This not only affects atomization uniformity but also wastes the original aerosol solution. Secondly, for high-viscosity liquids (such as drug solutions and oily media), the atomization efficiency of traditional nozzles decreases significantly, making it difficult to meet the precise requirements for submicron-sized aerosols in scenarios such as medical inhalation drug delivery and HEPA filter detection. To address these technical problems, this invention provides an atomizing nozzle, comprising: a nozzle unit 100, a primary atomization unit 200, a first impact unit 300, a secondary atomization unit 400, a second impact unit 500, and a separation unit 600.

[0023] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the atomizing nozzle consists of a nozzle unit 100, a primary atomizing unit 200, a first impact unit 300, a secondary atomizing unit 400, a second impact unit 500, and a separation unit 600. As a specific embodiment of the nozzle unit 100, such as Figure 3 As shown, the nozzle unit 100 includes a metal tube, which is the spray pipe structure of the nozzle unit 100. A spray port is provided at the bottom of the spray pipe structure, an air inlet pipe 110 is provided at one end of the spray pipe structure, and a liquid inlet pipe 120 is provided on one side wall of the spray pipe structure. When the atomizing nozzle is assembled with the body 800, as... Figure 19 As shown, the air inlet pipe 110 is connected to the gas output pipe 810 of the body 800, and the liquid inlet pipe 120 is connected to the raw liquid bottle of the body 800 through a pipe. When the gas is input into the injection pipe structure by the pneumatic device, the inside of the injection pipe structure is under negative pressure. The raw liquid in the raw liquid bottle is drawn into the injection pipe structure. The raw liquid and the gas are mixed in the cavity inside the injection pipe structure to form a gas-liquid mixture. The gas acts as a driving force to drive the raw liquid to continue to flow downstream.

[0024] like Figure 3 As shown, a primary atomizing unit 200 is threadedly connected to the injection port of the nozzle unit 100. The primary atomizing unit 200 performs preliminary atomization on the gas-liquid mixture ejected from the nozzle unit 100 (preliminarily refining the droplets to form larger droplets). As a specific embodiment of the primary atomizing unit 200, for example... Figure 4As shown, the primary atomizing unit 200 includes a threaded tube (which is the first tube body of the atomizing nozzle). The top end of the threaded tube is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom end of the spray tube. The interior of the threaded tube is provided with an atomizing channel 210 that gradually decreases in size from the inlet to the outlet. After the gas-liquid mixture enters the atomizing channel 210, the cross-sectional area of ​​the atomizing channel 210 gradually shrinks along the flow direction. The mass flow rate through each cross-section is constant per unit time, so the flow velocity increases accordingly as the cross-sectional area decreases. This increases the flow velocity of the gas-liquid mixture. After being ejected from the outlet of the atomizing channel 210, it forms atomized droplets. When the fluid flows through the contraction section, the pressure energy is converted into kinetic energy, which further promotes the increase in flow velocity. This results in a significant acceleration effect for the gas-liquid mixture at the outlet, providing sufficient kinetic energy for subsequent impact atomization.

[0025] like Figure 3 As shown, a first impact unit 300 is threadedly connected to the bottom of the threaded end of the primary atomizing unit 200. After the gas-liquid mixture enters the first impact unit 300, compared to the particle size of the gas-liquid mixture just ejected from the primary atomizing unit 200, the gas-liquid mixture is further atomized after passing through the first impact unit 300. Specifically, as a specific embodiment of the first impact unit 300, as shown... Figure 5 As shown, the first impact unit 300 includes a connecting seat 310 (the connecting seat 310 is the second tube of the atomizing nozzle). The top of the connecting seat 310 is provided with a threaded groove, and the bottom of the threaded groove is provided with a plate 320. The middle of the plate 320 is provided with a through hole, which is connected to the outlet of the internal flow channel of the threaded tube of the primary atomizing unit 200. Below the plate 320, an annular body 340 is provided. The inner side of the annular body 340 is provided with an upwardly inclined serrated protrusion 3410 (the annular body 340 and the protrusion 3410 constitute the first impactor). After the atomized gas-liquid mixture is sprayed out from the above-mentioned through hole, it inertially impacts the serrated protrusion 3410. After the impact, the droplet size in the gas-liquid mixture is smaller.

[0026] like Figure 5 As shown, a connecting tube 330 is fixed to the bottom of the connecting seat 310, and a secondary atomizing unit 400 is threaded to the bottom end of the connecting tube 330. The secondary atomizing unit 400 further atomizes the droplets, thereby improving the uniformity of the droplets. Specifically, as a specific embodiment of the secondary atomizing unit 400, as follows... Figure 10As shown, the secondary atomizing unit 400 includes a mounting base 420. The top of the mounting base 420 has a threaded groove, which is threadedly connected to the connecting pipe 330 of the first impact unit 300. A hollow tube 430 is provided inside the mounting base 420, and a liquid distribution tube 4310 is inserted inside the hollow tube 430. The top of the liquid distribution tube 4310 has several through holes. After the droplets from the first impact unit 300 are sprayed into the mounting base 420 with the gas, when they pass through the liquid distribution tube 4310, the flow velocity of the droplets increases due to the small cross-sectional area of ​​the through holes. This causes the flow velocity of the droplets to increase rapidly after entering the secondary atomizing unit 400 from the first impact unit 300, so as to facilitate the next step of atomization.

[0027] like Figure 13 As shown, when the droplets continue to flow downwards after passing through the liquid distribution pipe 4310, an ultrasonic atomizing module 4410 is provided below the liquid distribution pipe 4310. The core component of the ultrasonic atomizing module 4410 is a piezoelectric ceramic transducer, which is connected to a cable connector 440. The cable connector 440 extends to the outside of the mounting base 420 and can be connected to an external controller. When the drive circuit applies a high-frequency alternating voltage to the piezoelectric ceramic, the piezoelectric ceramic element will generate the inverse piezoelectric effect, that is, it will undergo periodic expansion and contraction deformation in its thickness direction, converting electrical energy into high-frequency mechanical vibration and generating ultrasonic waves. This high-frequency vibration is transmitted to the surface of the liquid to be atomized through the conduction medium. When the droplets come into contact with the ultrasonic atomizing module 4410 during the downward flow, they form extremely small droplets under the cavitation effect, thereby achieving the purpose of further refining the droplets.

[0028] like Figure 10 As shown, a first conduit 450 is disposed inside the mounting base 420 below the hollow tube 430, as... Figure 16 As shown, the first conduit 450 has a through hole in the middle, and a second conduit 4510 is inserted into this through hole, as... Figure 12 As shown, an insertion hole is provided on the side wall of the first conduit 450, and a gas pipe external connector 410 is inserted into one side of the insertion hole. The gas pipe external connector 410 is connected to an external gas delivery pipe. Gas is continuously input into the first conduit 450 through externally supplied air pressure. The gas enters the cavity inside the first conduit 450, and then blows into the through hole in the middle of the second conduit 4510 through the air hole on the side wall of the second conduit 4510. This allows the droplets to be further atomized by the ultrasonic atomization module 4410 after passing through it. When the droplets pass through the through hole in the middle of the second conduit 4510, they are subjected to continuous air pressure impact and shearing into a finer atomized state.

[0029] like Figure 3As shown, a second impact unit 500 is connected to the bottom of the secondary atomizing unit 400. The second impact unit 500 is used to perform final refining treatment on the droplets that have passed through the primary atomizing unit 200, the first impact unit 300, and the secondary atomizing unit 400. As a specific embodiment of the second impact unit 500, such as... Figure 17 As shown, the second impact unit 500 includes a cylinder 510. The top of the cylinder 510 is a flange and a hollow threaded tube structure. The threaded tube structure is threaded to the inner wall of the bottom of the mounting base 420 of the secondary atomizing unit 400 to ensure that the atomized droplets can enter the cylinder 510 vertically downward. A splash guard 520 is inserted inside the cylinder 510. When the atomized droplets impact the inside of the cylinder 510 at high speed, they first collide with the splash guard 520. During the collision, the atomized droplets are further refined. At this time, the droplet particles are smaller and more uniform. The atomized droplets (aerosol) are discharged from the screening holes 530 on the side wall of the cylinder 510.

[0030] like Figure 18 As shown, a separation unit 600 is connected below the flange at the top of the cylinder 510. The separation unit 600 is used to evenly disperse the atomized aerosol to the surrounding area, such as... Figure 18 As shown, the separation unit 600 includes an installation tube 610. The side wall of the installation tube 610 is provided with discharge holes 620 arranged in a ring array. The aerosol discharged from the screening hole 530 on the side wall of the cylinder 510 will flow towards the bottom end of the installation tube 610 under the action of air pressure, and will be discharged from the discharge hole 620 to the target position where the aerosol is to reach. As the aerosol flows downwards inside the mounting tube 610, some aerosol will touch the inner wall of the mounting tube 610 and form droplets on the inner wall, then flow into the mounting tube 610 and accumulate. For example... Figure 18 As shown, return pipes 700 are provided on both the bottom side of the mounting pipe 610 and the bottom side of the cylinder 510. The return pipes 700 are connected to the pump body of the aerosol generator, and the pump body draws the accumulated raw liquid back into the raw liquid bottle to prevent waste of raw liquid. A sealing plate 630 is bolted to the bottom of the mounting pipe 610.

[0031] Through the above technical solution: the primary atomization unit 200 uses high-speed airflow shearing to achieve the initial breakup of the liquid; the first impact unit 300 uses an annular sawtooth structure to inertially impact the droplets to remove large-diameter droplets; the secondary atomization unit 400 uses ultrasonic and airflow coupling to further refine the droplets to the submicron level; and the second impact unit 500 achieves precise screening of ultrafine droplets through pore size sieving. This four-stage energy coupling structure gradually breaks the liquid into uniform ultrafine droplets, effectively solving the problems of wide atomization particle size distribution and large droplet residue in the existing technology, significantly improving atomization uniformity, reducing raw liquid waste, and is particularly suitable for stable atomization scenarios of high-viscosity aerosol raw liquids.

[0032] Within the secondary atomizing unit 400, the flow state of the airflow and droplets has a crucial impact on atomization efficiency and the final particle size distribution. Specifically, when the gas-liquid mixture, broken up by the first impact unit 300, enters the secondary atomizing unit 400, if there is a lack of effective flow guidance, local eddies and turbulent losses can easily form within the cavity. This results in excessively long droplet residence time within the cavity, which not only reduces atomization efficiency but also easily triggers secondary droplet aggregation, affecting atomization uniformity. This is especially pronounced when processing high-viscosity liquids, where the contradiction between insufficient airflow shear force and improper flow channel organization becomes more prominent, limiting the equipment's adaptability to liquids with different properties. To address these issues, this invention further optimizes the flow channel structure within the secondary atomizing unit 400.

[0033] like Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, a guide tube 4320 is provided inside the mounting base 420, and the guide tube 4320 is as follows: Figure 13 As shown, an inverted conical cavity is provided inside, and the ultrasonic atomizing module 4410 is located in the conical cavity. The inner wall of the conical cavity is smooth and has very little resistance. When the gas-liquid mixture passes through, it will not hinder the flow of the gas-liquid mixture. After the gas-liquid mixture passes through the liquid distribution pipe 4310, it is accelerated and sprayed into the guide pipe 4320. After the droplets come into contact with the ultrasonic atomizing module 4410, they are atomized. Under the action of air pressure, the atomized droplets flow downward along the conical cavity.

[0034] It should be noted that the guide tube 4320 is located downstream of the first impact unit 300. Its inner conical cavity is a streamlined cavity design. This streamlined structure follows the principle of fluid adhesion effect on a smooth curved surface. When the airflow and droplets are broken up by the first impact unit 300 and enter the secondary atomization unit 400, if there is a sudden cross section or sharp corner inside the cavity, the airflow will generate boundary layer separation in that area, forming local eddies and turbulence losses. However, the streamlined inner wall of the guide tube 4320 ensures that the airflow always maintains close contact with the wall surface when it flows through, and the boundary layer separation point is delayed or even eliminated, thereby suppressing the generation of eddies and avoiding energy loss caused by eddy dissipation. This ensures that the airflow transports the droplets downstream at a high speed, and the high-speed airflow carrying the droplets can achieve a higher atomization effect in the next impact.

[0035] like Figure 10 , Figure 12 As shown, a support member 460 is provided below the hollow tube 430, and several guide plates 470 are provided on the inner side of the support ring 4620. The surface of the guide plate 470 adopts an arc-shaped structure. This arc-shaped design is based on the Coanda effect. When the airflow flows out through the guide tube 4320, under the guidance of the surface of the arc-shaped guide plate 470, the fluid will change its flow trajectory along the arc surface and form a wall-attached flow. Specifically, the arc-shaped guide plate 470 causes the airflow to deflect towards the axis of the cavity, and the droplets carried therein also converge towards the axis. The atomized droplets are mainly affected by the drag force of the airflow in the airflow, and their movement direction is basically consistent with the airflow direction. When the airflow deflects towards the axis under the guidance of the guide plate 470, the droplets deflect synchronously with the airflow, forming a radial movement towards the axis of the cavity. This convergence effect makes the droplets form a high-concentration atomization zone in the axial region of the secondary atomization unit 400, avoiding the deposition and retention of droplets on the cavity wall.

[0036] It should be noted that the smooth surface of the arc-shaped guide plate 470 further reduces the collision loss between the droplets and the wall, ensuring that the droplets enter the second impact unit 500 with a high throughput.

[0037] Through the above technical solutions: the guide tube 4320 eliminates the turbulence and eddies in the initial stage of airflow entering the secondary atomization unit 400 through the streamlined cavity, so that the airflow is kept in a laminar or low-turbulence state, which significantly reduces energy dissipation; the guide plate 470 guides the airflow to turn smoothly through the arc surface, avoiding secondary eddies caused by sudden changes in direction. The combined effect of the two is to greatly reduce the pressure loss of the airflow in the secondary atomization unit 400, effectively solving the problems of large airflow turbulence loss and uneven droplet distribution during the secondary atomization process.

[0038] It is worth noting that, in this invention, as Figure 15As shown, the support member 460 includes a support ring 4620, and the top of the guide plate 470 is an arc structure. A first groove is formed on the top surface of the support ring 4620 to accommodate the arc structure, and the arc structure can fit into the first groove. A pressure plate 4610 is provided on the top of the support ring 4620. A second groove is formed at the bottom of the pressure plate 4610 to match the arc structure at the top of the guide plate 470. After the pressure plate 4610 is placed on the top of the support ring 4620, the second groove at the bottom of the pressure plate 4610 fits into the arc structure at the top of the guide plate 470. When the guide plate 470 is pushed from the outside, the arc structure at the top of the guide plate 470 can rotate in the first groove and the second groove, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the angle of the guide plate 470.

[0039] like Figure 14 As shown, a support ring 4630 is provided at the bottom of the support ring 4620.

[0040] Although the combined design of the guide tube 4320 and the guide plate 470 effectively improves the airflow organization and droplet distribution, the guide plate 470, as a passive guiding structure, has its overhang angle fixed after processing and cannot be dynamically adjusted according to actual atomization requirements. However, in practical applications, the physical properties (such as viscosity and surface tension) of the aerosol concentrate vary significantly. For high-viscosity liquids, a larger guide plate 470 angle is required to enhance the shearing effect of the airflow and promote droplet breakage; while for low-viscosity liquids (such as water-based solutions and low-concentration drugs)... For solutions, an excessively large 470° angle of the guide plate can exacerbate eddy current losses and reduce atomization efficiency. Existing fixed-angle guide plate 470 structures struggle to meet the atomization requirements of liquids with different properties. To address these issues, this invention further incorporates an expandable and contractible annular airbag structure on the outer bottom of the guide plate 470. By inflating and deflating the airbag, the suspension angle of the guide plate 470 can be adjusted in real time, thus adapting to the flow requirements of liquids with different viscosities. This effectively solves the problem of a fixed angle for the guide plate 470, which cannot be dynamically adjusted to meet the atomization needs of liquids with multiple properties.

[0041] Specifically, such as Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 As shown, an annular airbag structure 480 is provided on the outer side of the bottom end of the deflector 470, such as... Figure 11 , Figure 15As shown, the side wall of the airbag 480 is connected to a hose 4810. The end of the hose 4810 extends to the outside of the mounting base 420 and is connected to a solenoid valve 490. The solenoid valve 490 is connected to the gas pipeline external connector 410 through a branch pipe. When gas passes through the gas pipeline external connector 410, the solenoid valve 490 is opened, and the gas will enter the airbag 480 through the branch pipe, the solenoid valve 490 and the hose 4810. When the airbag 480 inflates, it pushes the bottom end of the guide plate 470 to contract inward (at this time, the top end of the guide plate 470 rotates in the first and second grooves, and the overall tilt angle of the guide plate 470 becomes smaller).

[0042] It should be noted that, for high-viscosity liquids, the large-angle guide plate 470 reduces the axial velocity component of the airflow and increases the radial velocity component. This extends the trajectory of the droplets within the secondary atomization unit 400, increasing the time the droplets are subjected to ultrasonic cavitation and airflow shearing, ensuring that the high-viscosity liquid can be fully atomized. Furthermore, with the increased angle of the guide plate 470, the radial component of the airflow significantly increases when it is deflected by the arc-shaped surface, resulting in a stronger lateral impact on the droplets. The increased airflow velocity gradient directly enhances the shear stress acting on the droplet surface, effectively overcoming the cohesive force of the high-viscosity liquid and promoting droplet breakup and refinement.

[0043] For low-viscosity liquids, which have good fluidity and low surface tension and are easy to atomize, excessive airflow shearing can lead to excessive fragmentation, resulting in excessively fine particle size, wasted airflow kinetic energy, and increased eddy current loss. When the airbag 480 contracts to adjust the angle of the guide plate 470 to a smaller angle, the small-angle guide plate 470 deflects the airflow more gently, avoiding secondary eddies caused by sudden changes in direction. The reduced turbulence intensity of the flow field means that more airflow kinetic energy is converted into effective work for droplet transport, and the atomization efficiency is significantly improved.

[0044] It should be noted that the top of the support ring 4630 is provided with a groove, and several straps are provided on the outside of the airbag 480. The straps bind the airbag 480 and will not affect the expansion of the airbag 480 when it is inflated. A metal clip is fixed at the end of the strap. The metal clip is inserted into the groove at the top of the support ring 4630. The combination of the metal clip and the strap can position the airbag 480 and ensure that the position of the airbag 480 inside the support member 460 does not change.

[0045] In this invention, such as Figure 8 As shown, multiple first liquid guiding grooves 3420 are symmetrically distributed on the outer side of the ring 340. The refined droplets flow vertically downwards, while the remaining large droplets flow downwards through the first liquid guiding grooves 3420. like Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, a support tube 360 ​​is inserted into the interior of the connecting tube 330 from bottom to top. A tray 350 is placed on the top of the support tube 360. A support tube 3520 is fixed on the top of the tray 350. The support tube 3520 supports the ring body 340 to ensure the stability of the first impactor inside the connecting seat 310. like Figure 9 As shown, a second liquid guiding groove 3510 corresponding to the first liquid guiding groove 3420 is provided on the top of the tray 350. After the droplets collide with the first impactor, the small droplets flow vertically downward through the first impactor, while the large droplets splashed in all directions due to the collision flow into the support tube 360 ​​after passing through the first liquid guiding groove 3420 and the second liquid guiding groove 3510. The small droplets and the large droplets converge in the support tube 360, and the large droplets are dispersed into small droplets under the high-speed flow of the small droplets.

[0046] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An atomizing nozzle, characterized in that: include: A nozzle unit (100) includes a spray pipe having an air inlet and a liquid inlet, and a spray port at its bottom; The primary atomizing unit (200) includes a first tube body communicating with the injection port. The first tube body is provided with a tapered flow channel. The cross-sectional area of ​​the tapered flow channel gradually decreases from the inlet to the outlet. The gas-liquid mixture increases its flow velocity after passing through the tapered flow channel. The first impact unit (300) includes a second tube body connected to the downstream channel of the primary atomizing unit (200). A first impactor is provided inside the second tube body. When the gas-liquid mixture passes through the second tube body, it collides with the first impactor, causing the gas-liquid mixture to peel off large-diameter droplets under inertial impact to form atomized droplets. The secondary atomizing unit (400) includes a third tube body that communicates with the downstream channel of the first impact unit (300). The third tube body is provided with an ultrasonic atomizing component and an airflow shearing component. When the gas-liquid mixture passes through the ultrasonic atomizing component and the airflow shearing component, it is further broken up and atomized. The second impact unit (500) includes a fourth tube body that communicates with the downstream channel of the secondary atomizing unit (400). The fourth tube body is provided with a second impactor. The side wall of the fourth tube body is provided with an exhaust hole. The gas-liquid mixture rushes into the fourth tube body and collides with the second impactor, forming atomized droplets and being discharged from the exhaust hole.

2. The atomizing nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first impactor includes a ring body (340), the inner side of which is provided with an inclined upward serrated protrusion (3410), and the outer side of which is provided with a plurality of symmetrically distributed first liquid guiding grooves (3420).

3. The atomizing nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first impact unit (300) includes a connecting seat (310), a connecting pipe (330) is fixed at the bottom of the connecting seat (310), a threaded groove is provided at the top of the connecting seat (310), and a plate (320) is provided at the bottom of the threaded groove. A through hole is provided in the middle of the plate (320).

4. The atomizing nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second impact unit (500) includes a cylinder (510), and the second impactor includes a splash guard (520) disposed at the bottom of the inside of the cylinder (510).

5. The atomizing nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary atomizing unit (400) includes a mounting base (420), inside which is a hollow tube (430), a liquid distribution tube (4310) is inserted in the middle of the hollow tube (430), and a number of through holes are opened at the top of the liquid distribution tube (4310).

6. The atomizing nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that: Below the hollow tube (430) is a first conduit (450). The interior of the first conduit (450) is hollow, and a circular hole is opened in its axial direction. A second conduit (4510) is inserted into the circular hole. An air hole is opened on the side wall of the second conduit (4510). A through hole corresponding to the air hole is opened on the inner side wall of the circular hole of the first conduit (450). An insertion hole is opened on one side wall of the first conduit (450). A gas pipe external connector (410) is inserted into the insertion hole.

7. The atomizing nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that: Below the liquid distribution pipe (4310) is a guide pipe (4320), and inside the guide pipe (4320) is an inverted conical channel. An ultrasonic atomizing module (4410) is installed in the inverted conical channel. Below the guide pipe (4320) are several guide plates (470) arranged in a circular array.

8. The atomizing nozzle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the guide plate (470) is provided with an annular airbag (480), and a hose (4810) is connected to one side of the airbag (480). A solenoid valve (490) is connected to the end of the hose (4810).

9. The atomizing nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the second impact unit (500) is connected to a separation unit (600). The separation unit (600) includes an installation tube (610). The bottom side wall of the installation tube (610) is provided with a discharge hole (620). An orifice plate (640) is provided inside the installation tube (610). Several separation tubes (650) are provided below the orifice plate (640). Below the separation tubes (650) is a liquid recovery chamber.

10. An aerosol generator, characterized in that: include: The atomizing nozzle according to any one of claims 1-9; The body (800) has a gas output pipe (810) fixed on one side.

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