A coating machine and a coating method

Abstract

This invention discloses a coating machine comprising an unwinding mechanism, a water tank mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, a PVA treatment mechanism, a drying mechanism, a detection mechanism, and a winding mechanism arranged sequentially along the substrate travel direction. The water tank mechanism includes a lower water tank assembly and an upper film roller assembly, and integrates a water tank circulation system, a heating system, a cooling system, a multi-condition water inlet, a dome structure, and a square tube frame structure. The guide rollers are arranged on top, allowing impurities in the water tank to settle downwards, reducing guide roller jamming and substrate film surface scratches. The multi-system collaborative process stabilizes the water tank temperature, liquid level, and water quality, and the dome structure reduces the risk of condensate contamination. This invention employs an activation pretreatment combined with a micro-volume light cleaning process layout, which can remove impurities from the substrate surface while retaining the modified layer, effectively improving the adhesion and film uniformity of the PVA coating. It is suitable for the production needs of precision electronic thin films, improving the operational stability and film quality of wet coating for precision electronic functional films.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of thin-layer coating technology for precision electronic materials, and specifically to a coating machine and coating method. Background Technology

[0002] In the production and processing of precision electronic functional films, a complete set of processes is required to sequentially complete the unwinding, aqueous phase treatment, oil phase treatment, drying, cleaning, PVA treatment, re-drying, online inspection, and rewinding of the substrate. The coating machine is the core equipment to realize the above-mentioned continuous wet coating process.

[0003] In existing wet coating equipment of the same type, the substrate coating surface contacts the guide roller at the bottom of the water tank. Impurities accumulate inside the water tank and can easily enter the bearing of the guide roller, causing the bearing to become blocked, which hinders the rotation of the guide roller or even stops it. The stationary or poorly rotating guide roller continuously rubs against the substrate, which significantly increases the probability of scratches on the film surface and causes the product to be scrapped.

[0004] Meanwhile, the existing equipment also has many shortcomings: the overall layout of the equipment is not compact, it occupies a large area, and the operation and maintenance space is unreasonable; the water vapor formed by the evaporation of the water tank condenses into water droplets when it cools, which can easily drip onto the film surface and cause film defects; the support structure of the water tank guide roller is not rigid enough and is prone to deformation after long-term operation; the drying box has many air ducts and pipes, and the solvent condensate can easily accumulate inside the air ducts and hoses, and the condensate cannot be discharged in time, causing secondary pollution to the substrate; the equipment commissioning cycle is long, and the stability of the electrical system needs to be further improved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to address the problems of existing coating machines, such as easy jamming of guide rollers, easy scratching of film surface, easy generation of condensation defects, poor structural stability, easy secondary pollution, cumbersome debugging and insufficient stability. To propose a coating machine and coating method, this invention optimizes the film feeding structure in the water tank, strengthens the rigidity of the equipment, optimizes the exhaust condensation structure, and incorporates a mature intelligent electronic control system. This will effectively avoid film surface scratches and secondary pollution, improve the stability of equipment operation, shorten the debugging cycle, and increase product yield.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A coating machine, comprising: Unwinding mechanism; The water tank mechanism includes a lower water tank assembly and an upper film roller assembly. The upper film roller assembly is arranged above the lower water tank assembly. The coating surface contacts the guide roller of the upper film roller assembly inside the water tank. The water tank mechanism also includes a water tank circulation system, a heating system, and a cooling system. The lower water tank assembly is provided with a water inlet, an overflow outlet, and a drain outlet. The top of the water tank mechanism is provided with a dome structure. The guide roller support inside the water tank mechanism adopts a square tube frame structure. PVA processing unit; Drying mechanism; Cleaning facilities; Testing institutions; Receiving and collecting institutions; The unwinding mechanism, water tank mechanism, cleaning mechanism, PVA treatment mechanism, drying mechanism, detection mechanism, and winding mechanism are arranged in sequence along the substrate travel direction. The substrate is output from the unwinding mechanism, passes through the water tank mechanism, cleaning mechanism, PVA treatment mechanism, drying mechanism, and detection mechanism in sequence, and is then wound up by the winding mechanism. The water tank mechanism is a pretreatment mechanism before coating, used to activate and modify the substrate coating surface with aqueous and oil phases. The cleaning mechanism is a micro-volume light cleaning structure that only removes floating dust and residual free liquid from the substrate surface, retains the substrate pretreatment modification layer, and improves the adhesion and film uniformity of subsequent PVA coating.

[0007] In some embodiments, the coating machine is further provided with a box structure, which is a split upper and lower box structure, and the box structure is provided with a condensate drainage structure.

[0008] In some embodiments, the square tube frame structure is detachably assembled and connected to the water tank mechanism.

[0009] In some embodiments, the dome structure is disposed above the water tank mechanism to prevent condensate generated by water tank evaporation from dripping onto the surface of the substrate film.

[0010] In some embodiments, the square tube frame structure is provided with multiple sets of mounting positions for installing guide rollers of different specifications.

[0011] In some embodiments, the water tank circulation system, heating system and cooling system work together to achieve water circulation and constant temperature control inside the water tank.

[0012] In some embodiments, the inlet, overflow outlet and outlet are arranged vertically and staggered along the side wall of the lower water tank assembly, respectively corresponding to water replenishment, pressure stabilization overflow and sewage discharge conditions.

[0013] A coating method, applied to the coating machine described in any of the above embodiments, includes the following steps: S1: Release the substrate to be processed through the unwinding mechanism; S2: The substrate enters the water tank mechanism, and the coating surface of the substrate contacts the guide roller of the upper film roller assembly. The water phase and oil phase treatment are completed in the water tank. The water tank circulation system, together with the heating system and cooling system, maintains the uniform temperature in the water tank. The dome structure prevents the condensate generated by evaporation from dripping onto the surface of the substrate film. S3: The substrate enters the cleaning mechanism, where a small amount of light cleaning removes surface dust and residual free liquid while retaining the pre-treated modified layer. Then, it passes through the PVA treatment mechanism and the drying mechanism in sequence to complete the drying process. S4: Use a testing agency to test the substrate; S5: After the inspection is completed, the substrate is wound up by the winding mechanism.

[0014] In some embodiments, during the drying process, the condensate drainage structure of the chamber structure continuously drains the condensate generated inside the chamber.

[0015] In some embodiments, during the operation of the water tank mechanism, the inlet continuously replenishes the treatment fluid, the overflow outlet maintains a stable water tank level, and the drain outlet periodically discharges sediment deposits at the bottom of the water tank.

[0016] This invention arranges the upper film roller assembly above the lower water tank assembly, causing impurities in the water tank to settle downwards, making them less likely to enter the guide roller bearings, reducing guide roller jamming and rotational resistance, and minimizing scratches on the substrate film surface. The coordinated operation of the water tank circulation system, heating system, cooling system, inlet, overflow outlet, and outlet ensures stable liquid level, water quality, and temperature conditions within the water tank. The dome structure reduces condensate dripping and substrate contamination; the square tube frame structure provides reliable support for the guide rollers. Simultaneously, the water tank activation pretreatment is followed by a micro-cleaning station arrangement. The cleaning mechanism removes only floating dust and residual free liquid while retaining the activated and modified layer on the substrate surface, effectively improving the adhesion and film uniformity of subsequent PVA coatings. Overall, this enhances the operational reliability and film quality of the wet pretreatment and coating processes for precision electronic functional thin films. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] in: Figure 1 This is a front view of a coating machine according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a plan view of the lower component of the coating machine according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a coating method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Unwinding mechanism; 2. Water tank mechanism; 21. Lower water tank assembly; 22. Upper film surface roller assembly; 23. Water tank circulation system; 24. Heating system; 25. Cooling system; 211. Water inlet; 212. Overflow outlet; 213. Drain outlet; 26. Dome structure; 27. Square tube frame structure; 3. PVA treatment mechanism; 4. Drying mechanism; 5. Cleaning mechanism; 6. Detection mechanism; 7. Rewinding mechanism; 8. Box structure; 81. Condensate drainage structure. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more detailed description is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention.

[0021] To address the problems of easy guide roller jamming, easy film surface damage, easy coating defects caused by condensate, poor pretreatment stability, and inconvenient operation and maintenance in existing technologies, this invention provides a coating machine and coating method. Through the upper film surface roller pretreatment structure, constant temperature circulation control of the water tank, anti-condensation and liquid discharge structure, and process layout of activation pretreatment combined with micro-volume light cleaning, it achieves stable substrate pretreatment effect, reduces film surface defects, reduces equipment failure, and improves coating quality and operation and maintenance convenience.

[0022] The following will be combined with the appendix Figures 1 to 3 The present invention provides a detailed description of a coating machine and coating method according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0023] Please see Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 1 This is a front view of a coating machine according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a plan view of the lower component of the coating machine according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a coating method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] A coating machine, comprising: Unwinding mechanism 1, The water tank mechanism 2 includes a lower water tank assembly 21 and an upper film roller assembly 22. The upper film roller assembly 22 is arranged above the lower water tank assembly 21. The coating surface contacts the guide rollers of the upper film roller assembly 22 inside the water tank. The water tank mechanism 2 also includes a water tank circulation system 23, a heating system 24, and a cooling system 25. The lower water tank assembly 21 is provided with a water inlet 211, an overflow outlet 212, and a drain outlet 213. The top of the water tank mechanism 2 is provided with a dome structure 26, and the guide roller support inside the water tank mechanism 2 adopts a square tube frame structure 27. PVA processing unit 3; Drying mechanism 4; Cleaning unit 5; 6 testing institutions; 7. Rewinding mechanism; The unwinding mechanism 1, water tank mechanism 2, cleaning mechanism 5, PVA treatment mechanism 3, drying mechanism 4, detection mechanism 6, and winding mechanism 7 are arranged sequentially along the substrate travel direction. The substrate is output from the unwinding mechanism 1, passes through the water tank mechanism 2, cleaning mechanism 5, PVA treatment mechanism 3, drying mechanism 4, and detection mechanism 6 in sequence, and is then wound up by the winding mechanism 7. The water tank mechanism 2 is a pretreatment mechanism before coating, used to activate and modify the substrate coating surface with aqueous and oil phases. The cleaning mechanism 5 is a micro-volume light cleaning structure that only removes floating dust and residual free liquid from the substrate surface, retains the substrate pretreatment modification layer, and improves the adhesion and film uniformity of subsequent PVA coating.

[0025] Specifically, a coating machine comprises, in sequence along the substrate travel direction, an unwinding mechanism 1, a water tank mechanism 2, a cleaning mechanism 5, a PVA treatment mechanism 3, a drying mechanism 4, an inspection mechanism 6, and a rewinding mechanism 7. The water tank mechanism 2 includes a lower water tank assembly 21 and an upper film roller assembly 22, with the upper film roller assembly 22 positioned above the lower water tank assembly 21. The substrate coating surface contacts the guide rollers of the upper film roller assembly 22. The water tank mechanism 2 is equipped with a water tank circulation system 23, a heating system 24, and a cooling system 25. The lower water tank assembly 21 has an inlet 211, an overflow outlet 212, and a drain outlet 213. A dome structure 26 is provided at the top of the water tank mechanism 2, and the internal guide rollers are supported by a square tube frame structure 27. The substrate is output from the unwinding mechanism 1, passes sequentially through the water tank mechanism 2, the cleaning mechanism 5, the PVA treatment mechanism 3, the drying mechanism 4, and the inspection mechanism 6, and is then rewound by the rewinding mechanism 7. The water tank mechanism 2 serves as a pretreatment mechanism before coating, which activates and modifies the substrate coating surface with aqueous and oil phases; the cleaning mechanism 5 is a micro-volume light cleaning structure that removes floating dust and residual free liquid from the substrate surface, retains the substrate pretreatment modification layer, and improves the adhesion and film uniformity of subsequent PVA coating.

[0026] Working Principle: After the substrate is unwound, it enters the water tank mechanism 2. The upper film roller assembly 22 brings the substrate coating surface into contact with the guide rollers. Impurities generated in the water tank settle to the bottom due to gravity, making it difficult for them to rise and enter the guide roller bearings, thus reducing the probability of bearing blockage and minimizing guide roller rotation obstruction. After activation and modification by the aqueous and oil phases, the substrate enters the cleaning mechanism 5. The cleaning mechanism only removes surface dust and residual liquid, preserving the modified layer formed by activation. The substrate is then sent to the PVA treatment mechanism 3 to complete the coating process. The water tank circulation system, heating system, and cooling system work together to maintain stable operating conditions of the water tank treatment solution. The dome structure creates a barrier against evaporating water vapor. The square tube frame structure provides stable support for the guide rollers. The inlet, overflow, and outlet work together to maintain the water tank level and quality. These multiple structural components work together to ensure stable operation of the pretreatment process.

[0027] Workflow: The substrate is unwound by the unwinding mechanism 1 → enters the water tank mechanism 2, the coating surface is bonded to the upper film surface roller assembly 22 guide roller, and the water phase and oil phase are activated and modified → sent to the cleaning mechanism 5 for micro-cleaning → transported to the PVA treatment mechanism 3 for coating → dried by the drying mechanism 4 → inspected by the inspection mechanism 6 → rewinding mechanism 7 completes the rewinding.

[0028] Beneficial Effects: By arranging the guide rollers in the upper area of ​​the water tank, impurities deposited at the bottom of the tank are less likely to enter the guide roller bearings, reducing the probability of guide roller jamming and scratches on the film surface caused by abnormal friction between the guide rollers and the substrate, thus reducing the probability of product scrap. This solution adopts a specific workstation layout sequence. After the water tank mechanism completes the aqueous and oil phase activation and modification of the substrate coating surface, a small amount of light cleaning removes floating dust and free residual liquid without damaging the already formed modified layer, providing a good interface foundation for subsequent PVA coating, which is conducive to improving the adhesion between the PVA coating and the substrate and improving the uniformity of the film surface after film formation. The square tube frame structure can provide high rigidity support for the guide rollers inside the water tank, mitigating the deformation of the support structure under long-term operation; the dome structure can contain the water vapor evaporating from the water tank, reducing the amount of condensate dripping onto the substrate film surface; the water tank circulation, heating, and cooling systems work together to maintain the temperature of the treatment liquid inside the water tank within a suitable range; the inlet, overflow, and drain outlets work together to maintain a stable water tank level and facilitate the discharge of impurities. The entire set of equipment works in concert, taking into account the reliability of the guide roller operation, the effect of pretreatment activation, and the quality of coating film formation, and is suitable for the continuous wet processing production needs of precision electronic functional films.

[0029] In one embodiment, the coating machine is further provided with a box structure 8, which is a split upper and lower box structure, and the box structure 8 is provided with a condensate drain structure 81.

[0030] Specifically, the coating machine is equipped with a box structure 8, which is a split upper and lower box structure, and the box structure 8 is equipped with a condensate drain structure 81.

[0031] Working principle: The split upper and lower housing facilitates the disassembly and maintenance of internal components; the condensate generated inside the housing during equipment operation is discharged outward through the condensate drainage structure 81, reducing the accumulation of condensate inside the housing.

[0032] Work process: The equipment normally carries out substrate coating processing, and condensation solution is generated on the inner wall of the box. After the condensation solution is collected, it is continuously discharged outward by the condensation solution discharge structure 81.

[0033] Beneficial effects: The split structure facilitates inspection and maintenance; it reduces the accumulation of condensate inside the enclosure and lowers the possibility of condensate dripping and contaminating the substrate.

[0034] In one embodiment, the square tube frame structure 27 is detachably assembled and connected to the tank body of the water tank mechanism 2.

[0035] Specifically, the square frame structure 27 and the water tank mechanism 2 are connected by a detachable assembly.

[0036] Working principle: The square tube frame structure 27 adopts a detachable assembly form, which can be completely disassembled from the water tank mechanism 2, making it convenient to clean, inspect and replace the frame and guide rollers.

[0037] Work process: When the equipment is shut down for maintenance, the square tube frame structure 27 is removed from the water tank mechanism 2 as a whole; after the guide rollers are inspected and cleaned, the square tube frame structure 27 is reassembled back into the tank.

[0038] Beneficial effects: Facilitates the disassembly and maintenance of the guide roller assembly inside the water tank, reduces the difficulty of cleaning the internal components of the water tank, and shortens the time required for equipment debugging and maintenance.

[0039] In one embodiment, the dome structure 26 is disposed above the water tank mechanism 2 to prevent condensate generated by the evaporation of the water tank from dripping onto the surface of the substrate film.

[0040] Specifically, the dome structure 26 is positioned above the water tank mechanism 2 to prevent condensate generated by the evaporation of the water tank from dripping onto the surface of the substrate film.

[0041] Working principle: The treatment liquid in the water tank mechanism 2 is heated and evaporates to produce water vapor. The water vapor comes into contact with the inner wall of the dome structure 26 and condenses to form water droplets. The water droplets are received by the dome structure 26, reducing the possibility of water droplets falling directly onto the surface of the traveling substrate film.

[0042] Work process: The operation of the water tank mechanism 2 generates evaporated water vapor. The water vapor rises and contacts the inner wall of the dome structure 26 to condense. The condensate flows back to the interior of the water tank mechanism 2 along the inner wall of the dome structure 26 and does not fall directly onto the substrate.

[0043] Beneficial effects: It acts as a barrier to the evaporation of water vapor from the water tank, reducing the amount of condensed water dripping onto the substrate surface and lowering the probability of point defects appearing on the film surface.

[0044] In one embodiment, the square tube frame structure 27 is provided with multiple sets of mounting positions for mounting guide rollers of different specifications.

[0045] Specifically, the square tube frame structure 27 is equipped with multiple installation positions for installing guide rollers of different specifications.

[0046] Working principle: The square tube frame structure 27 is equipped with multiple sets of mounting positions in different locations. The corresponding mounting position can be selected to assemble the guide roller according to the guide roller size and substrate width, which can adapt to various production conditions.

[0047] Work process: When changing guide rollers of different specifications, install the guide rollers into the corresponding mounting positions of the square tube frame structure 27, and put them into production after completing the guide roller positioning and assembly.

[0048] Beneficial effects: One set of support frame can be adapted to the installation of guide rollers of various specifications, improving the equipment's adaptability to the production of different specifications of substrates and reducing the frequency of replacement of support frame accessories.

[0049] In one embodiment, the water tank circulation system 23, heating system 24 and cooling system 25 cooperate with each other to achieve water circulation and constant temperature control inside the water tank.

[0050] Specifically, the water tank circulation system 23, heating system 24 and cooling system 25 work together to achieve water circulation and constant temperature control inside the water tank.

[0051] Working principle: The water tank circulation system 23 drives the water inside the tank to circulate; the heating system 24 and the cooling system 25 work together to regulate the water temperature and maintain the water temperature inside the tank within the process setting range.

[0052] Workflow: The water tank circulation system 23 drives the water circulation; when the water temperature is too low, the heating system 24 is activated to raise the temperature; when the water temperature is too high, the cooling system 25 is activated to lower the temperature, so that the water in the tank is maintained within the target temperature range.

[0053] Beneficial effects: The water inside the tank can be circulated and renewed, the temperature fluctuation range is suppressed, the pretreatment conditions of each part of the substrate tend to be consistent, and the stability of the pretreatment effect is improved.

[0054] In one embodiment, the inlet 211, overflow 212, and outlet 213 are arranged vertically and staggered along the side wall of the lower water tank assembly 21, respectively corresponding to water replenishment, pressure stabilization overflow, and sewage discharge.

[0055] Specifically, the inlet 211, overflow 212, and outlet 213 are arranged vertically and staggered along the side wall of the lower water tank assembly 21, respectively corresponding to water replenishment, pressure stabilization overflow, and sewage discharge.

[0056] Working principle: The inlet 211 replenishes the water; the overflow outlet 212 is set at a set height, and when the water level in the tank exceeds this height, the excess water will automatically overflow to maintain a stable water level in the tank; the drain outlet 213 is located relatively low, which facilitates the discharge of deposited impurities along with the water.

[0057] Work process: During the production process, the inlet 211 continuously replenishes the treatment liquid, and when the liquid level is too high, it overflows from the overflow port 212; during the sewage discharge stage, the drain port 213 is opened to discharge the water carrying impurities from the bottom of the tank.

[0058] Beneficial effects: It can stably maintain the working liquid level of the water tank, facilitate the discharge of impurities from the bottom of the water tank, slow down the accumulation rate of impurities inside the water tank, and maintain the stable working condition of the treatment liquid.

[0059] A coating method, applied to the coating machine described in any of the above embodiments, includes the following steps: S1: Release the substrate to be processed through the unwinding mechanism 1; S2: The substrate enters the water tank mechanism 2, and the coating surface of the substrate contacts the guide roller of the upper film roller assembly 22. The water phase and oil phase treatment are completed in the water tank. The water tank circulation system 23, together with the heating system 24 and the cooling system 25, maintains the uniform temperature in the water tank. The dome structure 26 prevents the condensate generated by evaporation from dripping onto the surface of the substrate film. S3: The substrate enters the cleaning unit 5, where a small amount of light cleaning removes surface dust and residual free liquid while retaining the pre-treated modified layer. Then, it passes through the PVA treatment unit 3 and the drying unit 4 in sequence to complete the drying process. S4: The substrate is tested using testing agency 6; S5: After the inspection is completed, the substrate is wound up by the winding mechanism 7.

[0060] Specifically, a coating method using any one of the coating machines described in Examples 1-7 includes the following steps: S1: The substrate to be processed is released through the unwinding mechanism 1; S2: The substrate enters the water tank mechanism 2, and the coating surface of the substrate contacts the guide roller of the upper film roller assembly 22, completing the water phase and oil phase treatment in the water tank; the water tank circulation system 23, together with the heating system 24 and the cooling system 25, maintains the uniform temperature in the water tank; the dome structure 26 prevents the condensate generated by evaporation from dripping onto the surface of the substrate film; S3: The substrate passes through the cleaning mechanism 5, the PVA treatment mechanism 3, and the drying mechanism 4 in sequence to complete the drying treatment; S4: The substrate is inspected by the detection mechanism 6; S5: After the inspection is completed, the substrate is wound up by the winding mechanism 7.

[0061] Working principle: Based on the equipment station layout, the substrate sequentially completes unwinding, water tank pretreatment, light cleaning, PVA coating, drying, inspection, and rewinding; the water tank station relies on the upper guide roller to contact the substrate coating surface, making it difficult for sedimented impurities to come into contact with the guide roller, and at the same time, temperature control and dome structure improve the pretreatment environment.

[0062] Workflow: Unwinding mechanism 1 outputs substrate → Substrate enters water tank mechanism 2 to complete aqueous and oil phase treatment, temperature control system maintains water tank temperature, dome structure prevents condensate dripping → Substrate enters cleaning mechanism 5 for light cleaning and is then transported to PVA treatment mechanism 3 for coating, and then dried by drying mechanism 4 → Inspection mechanism 6 conducts film surface inspection → Rewinding mechanism 7 completes substrate rewinding.

[0063] Beneficial effects: The entire process continuously completes substrate pretreatment, coating, drying, and testing, which can reduce the risk of film surface scratches caused by guide roller jamming, reduce film surface defects caused by condensate dripping, and ensure the efficiency of continuous film processing.

[0064] In one embodiment, during the drying process, the condensate drainage structure 81 of the chamber structure 8 continuously drains the condensate generated inside the chamber.

[0065] Specifically, during the drying process, the condensate drainage structure 81 of the chamber structure 8 continuously drains the condensate generated inside the chamber.

[0066] Working principle: When the drying station is running, condensate is generated inside the chamber. The condensate drainage structure 81 continuously discharges the condensate from the inside of the chamber to the outside, reducing the accumulation of condensate inside the chamber.

[0067] Workflow: The substrate enters the drying unit 4 to carry out the drying operation. Condensate is generated inside the chamber, and the condensate drainage structure 81 continuously discharges the condensate to the outside.

[0068] Beneficial effects: Reduces the accumulation of condensate inside the tank, and lowers the possibility of condensate falling back and contacting the substrate, causing secondary pollution.

[0069] A coating machine comprises, in sequence along the substrate travel direction, an unwinding mechanism 1, a water tank mechanism 2, a washing mechanism 5, a PVA treatment mechanism 3, a drying mechanism 4, an inspection mechanism 6, and a winding mechanism 7; the water tank mechanism 2 includes a lower water tank assembly 21 and an upper film surface roller assembly 22, the upper film surface roller assembly 22 being positioned above the lower water tank assembly 21, with the substrate coating surface in contact with the guide rollers of the upper film surface roller assembly 22; the water tank mechanism 2 is equipped with a water tank circulation system 23, a heating system 24, and a cooling system 25. The lower water tank assembly 21 has vertically staggered inlet 211, overflow 212, and drain 213 arranged on its side wall; the top of the water tank mechanism 2 is equipped with a dome structure 26; the internal guide roller support of the water tank mechanism 2 adopts a square tube frame structure 27, which is detachably assembled and connected to the tank body of the water tank mechanism 2, and the square tube frame structure 27 is equipped with multiple installation positions to adapt to guide rollers of different specifications; the coating machine is equipped with an upper and lower split box structure 8, and the box structure 8 is equipped with a condensate drainage structure 81. The water tank mechanism 2 is a pretreatment mechanism before coating, which carries out activation and modification of the aqueous and oil phases; the cleaning mechanism 5 is a micro-volume light cleaning structure to remove floating dust and residual free liquid, while retaining the pretreatment modified layer. The corresponding coating method is as follows: the unwinding mechanism 1 releases the substrate; the substrate enters the water tank mechanism 2, the coating surface is bonded to the upper film surface roller assembly 22 guide roller, and the water phase and oil phase treatment is completed. The circulation-heating-cooling system maintains the water tank temperature, and the dome structure prevents condensate dripping; after being lightly cleaned by the cleaning mechanism 5, the substrate is sent to the PVA treatment mechanism 3 for coating. During the drying process of the drying mechanism 4, the condensate drainage structure 81 continuously drains the condensate from the box; the detection mechanism 6 detects the substrate, and the winding mechanism 7 completes the winding.

[0070] Working principle: The whole machine combines the upper film roller arrangement, detachable multi-installation square tube frame, water tank temperature control circulation system, staggered water inlet, dome anti-drip water, split box condensate drainage, and pretreatment-micro-cleaning station logic; impurities in the water tank settle to the bottom, reducing the probability of impurities getting stuck in the guide roller bearings; each station works together to complete the entire process of substrate activation modification, cleaning, coating, drying, and testing.

[0071] Workflow: Substrate unwinding → Water tank mechanism 2 aqueous phase and oil phase activation modification → Cleaning mechanism 5 micro-cleaning → PVA treatment mechanism 3 coating → Drying mechanism 4 drying, synchronously discharging the condensate solution from the box → Detection mechanism 6 detection → Rewinding mechanism 7 rewinding; During equipment maintenance, the square tube frame structure 27 can be completely disassembled to carry out guide roller inspection and replacement.

[0072] Beneficial effects: Reduces the probability of impurities in the water tank entering the guide roller bearing and causing rotational failure, and reduces film surface scratches; facilitates the inspection and maintenance of internal equipment components; reduces film surface defects caused by condensate dripping and accumulation; can be adapted to the production of various specifications of guide rollers and substrates, and improves the adhesion of PVA coating and the uniformity of film surface.

[0073] In one embodiment, during the operation of the water tank mechanism, the inlet continuously replenishes the treatment fluid, the overflow outlet maintains a stable water tank level, and the drain outlet periodically discharges sediment deposits at the bottom of the water tank.

[0074] Specifically: During the operation of the water tank mechanism 2, the inlet 211 continuously replenishes the treatment liquid into the water tank, the overflow port 212 works together to maintain the liquid level inside the water tank at the set working height, and the drain port 213 opens periodically to discharge the sedimented impurities that have settled at the bottom of the lower water tank component 21 with the waste liquid.

[0075] Working principle: During production, fresh treatment solution is continuously added through the inlet to compensate for the evaporation of the solution and the liquid carried away by the substrate. The liquid exceeding the set height is overflowed through the overflow port to ensure that the liquid level in the tank is not too high. Impurities in the tank continuously settle to the bottom of the lower tank component due to gravity. By periodically opening the drain port, the bottom sedimented impurities are discharged with the waste liquid, reducing the impurities from floating to contact the guide rollers and substrate, and maintaining the cleanliness of the treatment solution inside the tank.

[0076] Work process: When the equipment is in normal production, the inlet 211 continuously supplies the treatment liquid to the water tank mechanism 2; when the liquid level exceeds the set height, the excess liquid overflows from the overflow port 212; when the set sewage discharge cycle is reached, the drain port 213 is opened to discharge the waste liquid carrying the deposited impurities at the bottom of the lower water tank component 21. After the sewage discharge is completed, the drain port 213 is closed to continue to maintain the normal operation of the water tank.

[0077] Beneficial effects: It can continuously stabilize the working liquid level in the water tank, promptly remove impurities deposited at the bottom of the water tank, reduce the probability of impurities floating up and contacting the guide rollers and substrate, reduce the risk of bearing blockage and membrane surface scratches by impurities, maintain the cleanliness of the treatment liquid, and ensure the continuous and stable operation of the pretreatment process.

[0078] Compared to existing technologies, this invention offers the following advantages: The invention employs an upper-layer film surface roller pretreatment structure, preventing impurities settled in the water tank from easily entering the guide roller bearings, reducing guide roller rotation resistance, and lowering the risk of scratches on the substrate film surface. The coordinated regulation of the water tank circulation, heating, and cooling systems stabilizes the processing solution conditions, ensuring uniform activation and modification effects on the substrate's aqueous and oil phases. The dome structure reduces film surface defects caused by condensate dripping; the activation pretreatment combined with a micro-cleaning process removes floating dust and free residual liquid while retaining the modified layer, improving the adhesion and uniformity of the PVA coating. The detachable square tube frame facilitates maintenance and replacement, and is compatible with various guide roller specifications. The split-type housing, combined with a condensate drainage structure, reduces secondary contamination of the substrate caused by condensate, improving the product yield and equipment operational stability of wet coating for precision electronic functional films.

[0079] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Under the concept of the present invention, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of the present invention as described above. For the sake of brevity, they are not provided in detail. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coating machine, characterized in that, include: Unwinding mechanism; The water tank mechanism includes a lower water tank assembly and an upper film roller assembly. The upper film roller assembly is arranged above the lower water tank assembly, and the coating surface contacts the guide roller of the upper film roller assembly inside the water tank. The water tank mechanism also includes a water tank circulation system, a heating system, and a cooling system. The lower water tank assembly is provided with a water inlet, an overflow outlet, and a drain outlet. The top of the water tank mechanism is provided with a dome structure, and the guide roller support inside the water tank mechanism adopts a square tube frame structure. PVA processing unit; Drying mechanism; Cleaning facilities; Testing institutions; Receiving and collecting institutions; The unwinding mechanism, water tank mechanism, cleaning mechanism, PVA treatment mechanism, drying mechanism, detection mechanism, and winding mechanism are arranged in sequence along the substrate travel direction. The substrate is output from the unwinding mechanism, passes through the water tank mechanism, cleaning mechanism, PVA treatment mechanism, drying mechanism, and detection mechanism in sequence, and is then wound up by the winding mechanism. The water tank mechanism is a pretreatment mechanism before coating, used to activate and modify the substrate coating surface with aqueous and oil phases. The cleaning mechanism is a micro-volume light cleaning structure that only removes floating dust and residual free liquid from the substrate surface, retains the substrate pretreatment modification layer, and improves the adhesion and film uniformity of subsequent PVA coating.

2. The coating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coating machine is also equipped with a box structure, which is a split upper and lower box structure, and the box structure is equipped with a condensate drainage structure.

3. The coating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The square tube frame structure is detachably assembled and connected to the water tank mechanism.

4. The coating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dome structure is positioned above the water tank mechanism to prevent condensate generated by the evaporation of the water tank from dripping onto the surface of the substrate film.

5. The coating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The square tube frame structure is provided with multiple sets of mounting positions for installing guide rollers of different specifications.

6. The coating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water tank circulation system, heating system, and cooling system work together to achieve water circulation and constant temperature control inside the water tank.

7. The coating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet, overflow outlet, and outlet are vertically staggered along the side wall of the lower water tank assembly, respectively corresponding to water replenishment, pressure stabilization overflow, and sewage discharge.

8. A coating method, applied to the coating machine according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Release the substrate to be processed through the unwinding mechanism; S2: The substrate enters the water tank mechanism, and the coating surface of the substrate contacts the guide roller of the upper film roller assembly, completing the water phase and oil phase treatment in the water tank; the water tank circulation system, together with the heating system and cooling system, maintains the uniform temperature in the water tank; The dome structure prevents condensate from dripping onto the substrate film surface; S3: The substrate enters the cleaning mechanism, where a small amount of light cleaning removes surface dust and residual free liquid while retaining the pre-treated modified layer. Then, it passes through the PVA treatment mechanism and the drying mechanism in sequence to complete the drying process. S4: Use a testing agency to test the substrate; S5: After the inspection is completed, the substrate is wound up by the winding mechanism.

9. The coating method according to claim 8, characterized in that, During the drying process, the condensate drainage structure of the chamber continuously removes the condensate generated inside the chamber.

10. The coating method according to claim 8, characterized in that, During the operation of the water tank mechanism, the inlet continuously replenishes the treatment fluid, the overflow outlet maintains a stable water tank level, and the drain outlet periodically discharges sediment from the bottom of the water tank.

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