Intelligent visual sorting machine and sorting method based on rubber part processing

Abstract

This invention discloses an intelligent vision sorting machine and sorting method based on rubber part processing, which relates to the field of vision inspection technology. The vision sorting machine, relying on a purely mechanical linkage structure between the expansion drive component and the rubber ring loading mechanism, transforms the linear motion of the conveying process into the radial intermittent expansion-rebound action of the rubber ring, eliminating the need for an additional independent drive. By acquiring morphological images of the same workpiece in both the expanded and rebound states, the degree of morphological recovery after rebound is compared: if the workpiece morphology completely recovers to its initial state after rebound, it is determined to be a recoverable elastic deformation caused by conveying and extrusion, and is considered a qualified product; if the contour cannot be completely restored after rebound, it is considered a defective product. This solution overcomes the limitations of static morphological detection in terms of detection principle, avoiding material loss caused by the accidental rejection of qualified parts with temporary deformation, and solving the problem of missed detection due to plastic defects being masked by the rebound appearance, significantly improving the accuracy of sorting results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of visual inspection technology, specifically to an intelligent visual sorting machine and sorting method based on rubber part processing. Background Technology

[0002] Rubber seals are core components of industrial equipment, and their appearance quality, elasticity, and internal integrity directly determine their sealing reliability and service life. Currently, the industry commonly uses general-purpose vision sorting equipment for the appearance inspection of rubber parts. These devices largely follow the vision inspection architecture for rigid parts, and have several key technological shortcomings in rubber part sorting scenarios: 1. General vision algorithms only perform geometric comparisons based on static morphology in a single frame. They do not introduce intrinsic constraints of rubber hyperelasticity and cannot distinguish between recoverable elastic deformation caused by conveying and extrusion and permanent plastic deformation caused by vulcanization failure and material defects. This makes it easy to misjudge and reject qualified parts with temporary deformation and also easy to miss parts with plastic defects that are covered by the appearance after springback.

[0003] 2. Conventional 2D vision can only detect macroscopic surface defects. It cannot effectively identify hidden defects such as microcracks, interface debonding, uneven local vulcanization, and micropores in rubber parts. These defects are precisely the core causes of early failure of rubber parts during service.

[0004] Therefore, this invention proposes an intelligent vision sorting machine and sorting method based on rubber part processing to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an intelligent vision sorting machine and sorting method based on rubber part processing, which solves the problems of existing vision sorting equipment being unable to distinguish between elastic deformation and plastic deformation, having difficulty identifying internal hidden defects, and having a high rate of false detection and missed detection due to a single detection dimension.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an intelligent vision sorting machine based on rubber part processing, comprising a detection table and a support frame fixedly mounted on the top of the detection table, and a controller for controlling the operation of all electrical equipment is also fixedly mounted on the side wall of the detection table, further comprising: The conveying assembly is installed on the top surface of the testing table, and both ends of the conveying assembly protrude from the corresponding end faces of the testing table along the length of the testing table. It is used to convey the rubber ring workpieces to be sorted, so as to realize the continuous feeding and unloading of the rubber ring workpieces. Several rubber ring loading mechanisms are evenly arranged along the conveying direction of the conveying assembly. They are used to position and support the rubber ring workpieces to be sorted. During the conveying process, they cooperate with the expansion drive assembly to perform intermittent expansion action on the rubber ring workpieces, providing a basis for subsequent judgment of the recoverable elastic deformation and permanent plastic deformation of the rubber ring workpieces. The sorting and rejection assembly is located on one side of the unloading end of the inspection table and is used to reject rubber ring workpieces that are determined to be unqualified after inspection. The refrigeration and heating mechanisms are arranged sequentially along the conveying direction of the rubber ring workpiece. They are used to simulate the low-temperature and high-temperature working environments of the rubber ring workpiece, respectively. The temperature load amplifies the micro-defects on the surface of the rubber ring workpiece, thereby improving the accuracy of defect identification.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes an intelligent vision recognition component, which is arranged sequentially along the feeding direction of the conveying component. It is used to collect images of the expansion state and rebound state of the rubber ring workpiece under normal temperature, low temperature and high temperature conditions, identify micro-defects on the surface of the rubber ring workpiece under different temperature environments and expansion states, and at the same time, by comparing the rebound state of the same rubber ring workpiece at different work stations, it determines whether the rubber ring workpiece is a defective product that has undergone permanent plastic deformation or a qualified product that has fully rebounded. The conveying assembly includes two side plates that are fixedly arranged in parallel on the front and rear sides of the top of the testing platform. Two transmission rollers are rotatably arranged on the left and right opposite side walls of the two side plates. Sprockets are fixedly sleeved on both sides of the outer wall of the two transmission rollers. A chain is sleeved on the outer wall of the two sprockets on the left and right sides. Multiple rubber ring loading mechanisms are arranged on the outer wall of the front and rear chains and move synchronously with the chains. One of the transmission rollers is driven by a servo motor.

[0008] Furthermore, the rubber ring loading mechanism includes a mounting plate that is fixedly mounted on the outer walls of two chains at both ends, and a first rubber ring positioning component and a second rubber ring positioning component are respectively provided on the inner sides of the mounting plate for performing load-bearing and expansion operations; The No. 1 and No. 2 rubber ring positioning components have identical structures. The No. 1 rubber ring positioning component includes a transparent placement tray fixedly installed inside the mounting plate. The top of the transparent placement tray is evenly provided with multiple position marks for indicating its own information. Each transparent placement tray corresponds to a unique position mark. A column is fixedly installed at the top center of the transparent placement tray. A square through groove is opened at the top of the column. A lifting rod is slidably installed at the center of the square through groove. A U-shaped limiting plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the transparent placement tray. The bottom end of the lifting rod slides through the U-shaped limiting plate and is rotatably provided with a first roller. Guide rods are fixedly installed on both sides of the outer wall of the lifting rod. The top end of the guide rod slides through the U-shaped limiting plate and extends to the outside. A first return spring is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod and located between the bottom of the U-shaped limiting plate and the bottom end of the guide rod.

[0009] Furthermore, wedge-shaped blocks are fixedly installed on both sides of the outer wall of the transparent placement plate and inside the square through groove. Wedge-shaped grooves are opened on the wedge-shaped surfaces of the wedge-shaped blocks, and each wedge-shaped groove is provided with an expansion arm unit for performing the rubber ring expansion operation. The expansion arm unit includes a support sleeve, one end of which slides through a square through groove and extends to the outside. A support rod is provided inside the support sleeve on the side away from the wedge block. An expansion block is fixedly provided at the end of the support rod away from the support sleeve. The support rod can slide relative to the inner cavity of the support sleeve to adjust the distance between the expansion block and the support sleeve. After adjustment, the support sleeve and the support rod are locked by fastening bolts. A second roller is rotatably provided at the end of the support sleeve away from the expansion block. The second roller is slidably provided in the wedge groove of the wedge block. A second return spring is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the support sleeve between the second roller and the inner wall of the square through groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the expansion drive assembly includes a drive plate fixedly mounted on the inner walls of two parallel side plates within the conveying assembly. The top of the drive plate abuts against the first roller. Several elongated protrusions are uniformly fixedly mounted on the top of the drive plate for intermittently pushing the first roller upward to cooperate with the first rubber ring positioning assembly and the second rubber ring positioning assembly to complete the intermittent expansion operation of the rubber ring. The top of the drive plate is also provided with a first clearance groove, a second clearance groove, and a third clearance groove to facilitate the intelligent vision recognition assembly to capture the image of the rubber ring surface through the first clearance groove, the second clearance groove, and the third clearance groove.

[0011] Furthermore, the sorting and rejection assembly includes a sorting frame disposed on the discharge side of the inspection station. The sorting frame is internally equipped with a sorting conveyor belt for conveying rubber ring processed parts. A buffer layer is fixedly disposed on the surface of the sorting conveyor belt to prevent the rubber ring from bouncing when it falls on the surface of the sorting conveyor belt. The sorting conveyor belt is driven by a stepper motor. A first rejection unit and a second rejection unit are respectively disposed on the top two sides of the sorting frame. The first rejection unit includes a first cylinder fixedly disposed on the top of the sorting frame. A first push plate is fixedly disposed on the output shaft of the sorting frame. The initial position of the first push plate is located at half the front and rear width of the top of the sorting conveyor belt. A first inclined guide plate for discharging unqualified products is fixedly disposed on the side wall of the sorting frame facing the first push plate. The second rejection unit includes a second cylinder fixedly mounted on the top of the sorting rack. A second push plate is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the second cylinder. The initial position of the second push plate is located at half the width of the top of the sorting conveyor belt. A second inclined guide plate for discharging defective products is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the sorting rack opposite the second push plate. Photoelectric sensors are installed at corresponding positions of the first and second cylinders to monitor the position of the rubber ring in real time.

[0012] Furthermore, the refrigeration mechanism and the heating mechanism have the same structure and can perform refrigeration or heating according to the program settings, and blow out cold air or hot air accordingly. The refrigeration mechanism includes a heat insulation cover fixedly mounted on the support frame. A temperature control component is fixedly mounted at the top center of the heat insulation cover. The bottom of the temperature control component is connected to the inside of the heat insulation cover to deliver cold air into the heat insulation cover. Multiple barrier curtains are evenly fixedly mounted around the outer wall of the heat insulation cover. The bottom of each barrier curtain hangs down naturally and contacts the top of the conveying component.

[0013] Furthermore, the intelligent visual recognition component includes a normal temperature visual recognition unit, a low temperature visual recognition unit, and a high temperature visual recognition unit. The normal temperature visual recognition unit is located on the left side of the refrigeration mechanism and is used to capture the surface state of the rubber ring at normal temperature. The low temperature visual recognition unit is located between the refrigeration mechanism and the heating mechanism and is used to capture the surface state of the rubber ring after being cooled by the refrigeration mechanism. The high temperature visual recognition unit is located on the right side of the heating mechanism and is used to capture the surface state of the rubber ring after being heated by the heating mechanism.

[0014] Furthermore, the ambient temperature visual recognition unit includes an ambient temperature upper visual detector fixedly mounted on the support frame via a first lifting frame, and an ambient temperature lower visual detector fixedly mounted on the top of the inspection platform and directly opposite the ambient temperature upper visual detector. The lenses of both the ambient temperature upper and lower visual detectors are oriented towards the conveying assembly to capture surface images above and below the rubber ring processing part. The low temperature visual recognition unit includes a low temperature upper visual detector fixedly mounted on the support frame via a second lifting frame, and a low temperature lower visual detector fixedly mounted on the top of the inspection platform and directly opposite the low temperature upper visual detector. The high temperature visual recognition unit includes a high temperature upper visual detector fixedly mounted on the support frame via a third lifting frame, and a high temperature lower visual detector fixedly mounted on the top of the inspection platform and opposite to the high temperature upper visual detector. A position marker real-time capture vision detector is fixedly installed on the side wall of the support frame near the high-temperature upper vision detector. It is used to capture the position marker information on the surface of the first or second rubber ring positioning component near the sorting and rejection component in real time.

[0015] This invention also discloses an intelligent vision sorting method based on rubber part processing, for use in an intelligent vision sorting machine based on rubber part processing. The method includes the following steps: Step 1: The rubber ring workpieces to be sorted are positioned on the rubber ring loading mechanism, and the controller drives the conveying component to continuously convey the workpieces. Step 2: The expansion drive component, together with the rubber ring loading mechanism, intermittently expands the rubber ring workpiece, and the intelligent vision recognition component collects images of the workpiece's expansion and rebound state at room temperature; Step 3: The refrigeration mechanism simulates the low-temperature working environment to magnify the micro-defects of the workpiece, and the intelligent vision recognition component collects images of the workpiece's expansion and springback state at low temperature. Step 4: The heating mechanism simulates a high-temperature working environment to magnify the micro-defects of the workpiece, and the intelligent vision recognition component collects images of the workpiece's expansion and springback state under high temperature. Step 5: The controller compares the rebound state of the same rubber ring workpiece at different work positions, distinguishes between recoverable elastic deformation and permanent plastic deformation, and combines the results of multi-condition defect identification to determine whether the workpiece is qualified or unqualified. Step 6: The workpiece is conveyed to the unloading end to complete the unloading. The sorting and rejection component rejects unqualified rubber ring workpieces according to the controller's judgment result. Qualified products are output normally, and the sorting is completed.

[0016] This invention provides an intelligent vision sorting machine and sorting method based on rubber part processing. Compared with the prior art, it has the following advantages: 1. An intelligent vision sorting machine and method based on rubber part processing, which transforms the linear motion of the conveying process into the radial intermittent expansion-rebound action of the rubber ring by relying on a purely mechanical linkage structure of the expansion drive component and the rubber ring loading mechanism, without the need for additional independent drive. By acquiring morphological images of the same workpiece in the expansion and rebound states, the degree of morphological recovery after rebound is compared: if the workpiece morphology is completely restored to the initial state after rebound, it is determined to be a recoverable elastic deformation caused by conveying and extrusion, and is a qualified product; if there is residual deformation after rebound and the contour cannot be completely restored, it is determined to be permanent plastic deformation caused by vulcanization failure and material deterioration, and is a non-qualified product. This solution breaks through the limitations of static morphological detection in terms of detection principle, avoiding material loss caused by the accidental rejection of qualified parts with temporary deformation, and solving the problem of missed detection when plastic defects are masked by the rebound appearance, significantly improving the accuracy of sorting results.

[0017] 2. An intelligent vision sorting machine and method based on rubber part processing addresses the limitation of conventional 2D vision in identifying internal latent defects. This invention sequentially arranges cooling and heating mechanisms along the conveying path to construct a wide temperature range detection sequence from low temperature to normal temperature to high temperature. Utilizing the thermal expansion and contraction characteristics and temperature sensitivity of rubber materials, alternating temperature loads of low-temperature contraction and high-temperature expansion generate thermal stress within the workpiece. This causes stress concentration at internal defects such as microcracks, interface debonding, uneven vulcanization, and microporous porosity, causing these defects to extend to the surface and become visible. This transforms latent defects, invisible to the naked eye and conventional vision, into visible surface morphology changes. This technology significantly improves the depth and accuracy of defect identification, enabling early screening of workpieces prone to premature failure during service, ensuring the reliability and service life of the sorted rubber parts.

[0018] 3. An intelligent vision sorting machine and method based on rubber part processing, which constructs a comprehensive detection system from three dimensions: temperature conditions, spatial perspective, and deformation state. In terms of temperature, three detection stations—normal temperature, low temperature, and high temperature—are set up to cover typical temperature scenarios in actual service of the workpiece, capturing differentiated defects that only appear at different temperatures. In terms of spatial perspective, each station is equipped with upper and lower dual-vision detectors, simultaneously acquiring images of the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece through the avoidance groove of the drive plate, completely eliminating blind spots on the bottom surface of the workpiece. In terms of deformation state, each station simultaneously acquires two sets of images: expansion and rebound, detecting both static appearance defects and the elastic response characteristics of the workpiece. This three-dimensional comprehensive detection is far superior to traditional single-station, single-perspective, and single-state detection schemes, significantly improving the defect detection rate.

[0019] 4. An intelligent vision sorting machine and method based on rubber parts processing, which establishes a workpiece full-process identity traceability system based on position tags: each transparent placement tray corresponds to a unique position tag, and the detection data and judgment results of each station are bound to the corresponding position tag, realizing a one-to-one correspondence between "workpiece identity - detection information - judgment result". At the unloading end, the visual detector reads the tag information in real time through the position tag, and combined with the position trigger signal of the photoelectric sensor, the controller precisely controls the corresponding rejection cylinder to selectively reject unqualified products, avoiding incorrect rejection and missed rejection.

[0020] The equipment adopts a chain-type continuous conveyor structure, with two sets of positioning components integrated into a single mounting pallet, doubling the load-bearing capacity. The entire process—feeding, temperature change processing, image acquisition, judgment, and sorting—is fully automated, requiring no manual intervention and achieving high throughput per unit time. Detection and judgment standards are uniformly executed by the controller, completely eliminating subjective errors in manual sorting, ensuring consistent and reliable sorting quality across batches. Furthermore, a buffer layer on the sorting conveyor belt absorbs the impact of falling rubber rings, preventing workpiece bounce and ensuring the positioning accuracy of the rejection action.

[0021] 5. An intelligent vision sorting machine and method based on rubber part processing. The intermittent expansion action of the rubber rings relies entirely on the power input of the conveyor motion. This power is converted into radial expansion force through the drive plate protrusion lifting rollers and wedge-shaped inclined plane transmission. Each loading mechanism does not require independent motors, cylinders, or other drive components. The overall structure is simple and compact, with good motion synchronization, low failure rate, and low daily maintenance costs. Furthermore, the support rod and support rod sleeve adopt a telescopic locking structure, allowing flexible adjustment of the expansion block's extension radius according to the inner diameter of the rubber rings to be sorted. This adapts to various sizes of rubber ring workpieces, facilitating production changeover and adjustment, and demonstrating strong equipment versatility.

[0022] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination, or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front view structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the barrier curtain in the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the state structure of the detection table, support frame and sorting rejection component of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A magnified structural diagram of part A in the diagram; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a partial state structure of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A magnified structural diagram of part B in the diagram; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the first state structure of the rubber ring loading mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the second state structure of the rubber ring loading mechanism of the present invention; Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 A magnified structural diagram of part C in the diagram; Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the No. 1 rubber ring positioning component of the present invention; Figure 13 For the present invention Figure 12A magnified structural diagram of part D in the diagram; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the sorting and rejection component structure of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the expansion drive component structure of the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Inspection table; 2. Support frame; 3. Controller; 4. Conveying assembly; 41. Drive roller; 42. Sprocket; 43. Chain; 5. Rubber ring loading mechanism; 51. Mounting tray; 52. First rubber ring positioning assembly; 521. Transparent placement tray; 522. Position marker; 523. Column; 524. Square through slot; 525. Lifting rod; 526. U-shaped limit plate; 527. First roller; 528. Guide rod; 529. First return spring; 5210. Wedge block; 5211. Support sleeve; 5212. Support rod; 5213. Expansion block; 5214. Second roller; 5215. Second return spring; 53. Second rubber ring positioning assembly; 6. Sorting and rejection assembly; 61. Sorting rack; 62. Sorting conveyor belt; 3. Stepper motor; 64. First cylinder; 65. First push plate; 66. First inclined guide plate; 67. Second cylinder; 68. Second push plate; 69. Second inclined guide plate; 7. Refrigeration mechanism; 71. Insulation cover; 72. Temperature control component; 73. Barrier curtain; 8. Heating mechanism; 9. Normal temperature upper-level visual detector; 10. Normal temperature lower-level visual detector; 11. Low temperature upper-level visual detector; 12. Low temperature lower-level visual detector; 13. High temperature upper-level visual detector; 14. High temperature lower-level visual detector; 15. Position marker real-time capture visual detector; 16. Expansion drive component; 161. Drive plate; 162. Long strip protrusion; 163. First clearance slot; 164. Second clearance slot; 165. Third clearance slot. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] This invention provides two technical solutions: an intelligent vision sorting machine based on rubber part processing, specifically including the following embodiments: like Figures 1-8 , Figure 14The first embodiment is shown: an intelligent vision sorting machine based on rubber part processing, including a detection table 1 and a support frame 2 fixedly installed on the top of the detection table 1, and a controller 3 for controlling the operation of all electrical equipment is also fixedly installed on the side wall of the detection table 1, and further includes: The conveying component 4 is arranged on the top surface of the testing table 1, and the two ends of the conveying component 4 protrude from the corresponding end face of the testing table 1 along the length direction of the testing table 1, respectively, for conveying the rubber ring workpieces to be sorted, so as to realize the continuous feeding and unloading of the rubber ring workpieces. Several rubber ring loading mechanisms 5 are evenly arranged along the conveying direction of the conveying component 4. They are used to position and carry the rubber ring workpieces to be sorted. During the conveying process, they cooperate with the expansion drive component 16 to perform intermittent expansion action on the rubber ring workpieces, providing a basis for subsequent differentiation between the recoverable elastic deformation and permanent plastic deformation of the rubber ring workpieces. The sorting and rejection component 6 is arranged on one side of the unloading end of the inspection table 1 and is used to reject rubber ring workpieces that are determined to be unqualified after inspection. The cooling mechanism 7 and the heating mechanism 8 are arranged sequentially along the conveying direction of the rubber ring workpiece. They are used to simulate the low-temperature working environment and high-temperature working environment of the rubber ring workpiece, respectively. The surface micro-defects of the rubber ring workpiece are amplified by the temperature load, thereby improving the accuracy of defect identification.

[0027] In this embodiment, relying on the linear conveying power of the conveying component 4, the rubber ring loading mechanism 5 mechanically cooperates with the protruding structure of the expansion drive component 16 during the movement to convert the vertical lifting motion into the radial expansion motion. Without the need to configure an independent drive source for each loading mechanism, multiple expansion-rebound cycles can be automatically completed during the conveying process.

[0028] By utilizing the thermal expansion and contraction properties of rubber polymer materials, low-temperature contraction generates tensile stress inside the workpiece, while high-temperature thermal expansion generates compressive stress inside the workpiece. Under the action of alternating stress, stress concentration will occur at internal hidden defects such as microcracks, interface debonding, uneven vulcanization, and micropores, causing the defects to extend to the surface and become visible, thus transforming invisible internal defects into visible surface morphology changes.

[0029] The controller 3 has a built-in springback profile template of a standard qualified product. By comparing the springback profile of the same workpiece after the expansion is released with the standard template, the residual deformation rate is calculated. If the residual deformation rate is lower than the threshold, it is judged as a qualified product with recoverable elastic deformation. If it is higher than the threshold, it is judged as a non-qualified product with permanent plastic deformation.

[0030] In this embodiment, an intelligent visual recognition component is also included, which is arranged sequentially along the feeding direction of the conveying component 4. It is used to collect images of the expansion state and rebound state of the rubber ring workpiece under normal temperature, low temperature and high temperature conditions, identify micro-defects on the surface of the rubber ring workpiece under different temperature environments and expansion states, and at the same time, by comparing the rebound state of the same rubber ring workpiece at different work stations, it is determined whether the rubber ring workpiece is a defective product that has undergone permanent plastic deformation or a qualified product with sufficient elastic rebound.

[0031] The conveying assembly 4 includes two side plates that are fixedly mounted on the front and rear sides of the top of the testing table 1. Two transmission rollers 41 are rotatably mounted on the left and right opposite side walls of the two side plates. Sprockets 42 are fixedly mounted on both sides of the outer wall of the two transmission rollers 41. Chains 43 are mounted on the outer walls of the two sprockets 42 on the left and right sides. Multiple rubber ring loading mechanisms 5 are mounted on the outer walls of the two chains 43 and move synchronously with the chains 43. One of the transmission rollers 41 is driven by a servo motor.

[0032] In this embodiment, the servo motor is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the detection table 1 by bolts, and its output shaft is fixedly connected to the shaft end of the active side transmission roller 41 by a rigid coupling, so as to achieve precise control of the conveying speed and cycle time.

[0033] The two side plates are vertical metal plates, and the bottom is fastened to the front and rear edges of the top surface of the testing table 1 by bolts; both ends of the transmission roller 41 are rotatably mounted on the side plates by bearings with seats to ensure smooth rotation.

[0034] The two ends of the rubber ring loading mechanism 5 are fixed to the outer links of the front and rear chains 43 by connecting bolts, and move in a closed loop with the chains to realize continuous cycle of feeding, detection, sorting and empty return.

[0035] In this embodiment, the sorting and rejection assembly 6 includes a sorting frame 61 disposed on the discharge side of the inspection table 1. The sorting frame 61 is internally provided with a sorting conveyor belt 62 for conveying rubber ring processed parts. A buffer layer is fixedly disposed on the surface of the sorting conveyor belt 62 to prevent the rubber ring from bouncing when it falls on the surface of the sorting conveyor belt 62. The sorting conveyor belt 62 is driven by a stepper motor 63. A first rejection unit and a second rejection unit are respectively disposed on the top two sides of the sorting frame 61. The first rejection unit includes a first cylinder 64 fixedly disposed on the top of the sorting frame 61. A first push plate 65 is fixedly disposed on the output shaft of the sorting frame 61. The initial position of the first push plate 65 is located at half the front and rear width of the top of the sorting conveyor belt 62. A first inclined guide plate 66 for discharging unqualified products is fixedly disposed on the side wall of the sorting frame 61 facing the first push plate 65.

[0036] In this embodiment, the first cylinder 64 and the second cylinder 67 are both horizontally fixed on the front and rear sides of the top of the sorting frame 61 by L-shaped cylinder brackets, and the output shaft extends and retracts along the width direction of the sorting conveyor belt 62; the first push plate 65 and the second push plate 68 are vertical rectangular plates with a plate length greater than the outer diameter of the rubber ring workpiece to ensure that the workpiece is subjected to uniform force when pushing the material.

[0037] The photoelectric sensor is a diffuse reflection photoelectric switch, which is installed on the side wall bracket of the sorting rack 61. The detection end faces the workpiece conveying surface of the sorting conveyor belt 62 and is used to detect whether the workpiece has reached the rejection station.

[0038] The buffer layer is made of sponge, silicone or felt with a thickness of 3-8mm. It is fixed to the outer surface of the sorting conveyor belt 62 by adhesive bonding to absorb the impact of falling workpieces and prevent the rubber ring from bouncing and shifting.

[0039] The first rejection unit corresponds to the unloading point of the first rubber ring positioning component 52 in the front half of the conveyor belt, and the second rejection unit corresponds to the unloading point of the second rubber ring positioning component 53 in the rear half of the conveyor belt. The two sets are independently controlled and perform rejection actions on the workpieces on the two positioning components respectively. The first and second inclined guide plates are both set to tilt downwards at 15°-30°, and the lower end corresponds to the non-conforming product collection container to realize the automatic diversion and collection of non-conforming products.

[0040] The second rejection unit includes a second cylinder 67 fixedly mounted on the top of the sorting rack 61. A second push plate 68 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the second cylinder 67. The initial position of the second push plate 68 is located at half the front and rear width of the top of the sorting conveyor belt 62. A second inclined guide plate 69 for discharging defective products is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the sorting rack 61 opposite to the second push plate 68. Photoelectric sensors are installed at corresponding positions of the first cylinder 64 and the second cylinder 67 to monitor the position of the rubber ring in real time. Since the first rubber ring positioning component 52 and the second rubber ring positioning component 53 in each rubber ring loading mechanism 5 are symmetrically arranged around the mounting plate 51, when the first rubber ring positioning component 52 and the second rubber ring positioning component 53 move to the end of the conveying component 4 near the sorting and rejection component 6, the first rubber ring positioning component 52 and the second rubber ring positioning component 53 will rotate 180 degrees as they continue to move. At this time, the bottom end of the first roller 527 loses the function of the expansion drive component 16, and the expansion block 5213 does not apply expansion force to the inner wall of the rubber ring. The rubber ring falls onto the sorting and rejection component 6 under its own weight.

[0041] In this embodiment, the refrigeration mechanism 7 and the heating mechanism 8 have the same structure and can perform refrigeration or heating according to the program settings, and blow out cold air or hot air accordingly. The refrigeration mechanism 7 includes a heat insulation cover 71 fixedly mounted on the support frame 2. A temperature control component 72 is fixedly mounted at the top middle position of the heat insulation cover 71. The bottom of the temperature control component 72 is connected to the inside of the heat insulation cover 71 to deliver cold air into the heat insulation cover 71. Multiple barrier curtains 73 are evenly fixedly mounted around the outer wall of the heat insulation cover 71. The bottom of each barrier curtain 73 hangs down naturally and contacts the top of the conveying component 4.

[0042] In this embodiment, the temperature control component 72 of the refrigeration mechanism 7 consists of a compressor refrigeration unit, a blower, and an air guide shroud, and the output cold air temperature range is continuously adjustable from 0℃ to 25℃; the temperature control component of the heating mechanism 8 consists of a PTC electric heating tube, a blower, and an air guide shroud, and the output hot air temperature range is continuously adjustable from 40℃ to 120℃; the inner wall of the insulation cover 71 is lined with polyurethane insulation cotton with a thickness of ≥20mm to reduce heat transfer between the inside and outside of the temperature zone.

[0043] The barrier curtain 73 is a flexible PVC soft curtain or rubber soft curtain. Multiple curtains are arranged side by side along the width direction of the inlet and outlet of the heat insulation cover 71. The curtains overlap each other, and the gap between the bottom end and the top surface of the conveying component 4 is ≤5mm. This effectively blocks the air convection inside and outside the temperature zone and maintains the temperature field stability. When the workpiece enters or exits with the conveying component, it can push the curtain open by itself without the need for an additional door opening mechanism.

[0044] In this embodiment, the intelligent visual recognition component includes a normal temperature visual recognition unit, a low temperature visual recognition unit, and a high temperature visual recognition unit. The normal temperature visual recognition unit is located on the left side of the cooling mechanism 7 and is used to capture the surface state of the rubber ring at normal temperature. The low temperature visual recognition unit is located between the cooling mechanism 7 and the heating mechanism 8 and is used to capture the surface state of the rubber ring after cooling by the cooling mechanism 7. The high temperature visual recognition unit is located on the right side of the heating mechanism 8 and is used to capture the surface state of the rubber ring after heating by the heating mechanism 8. The first clearance groove 163 is opposite to the normal temperature visual recognition unit, the second clearance groove 164 is opposite to the low temperature visual recognition unit, and the third clearance groove 165 is opposite to the high temperature visual recognition unit. While recognizing surface defects of the rubber ring, the normal temperature visual recognition unit, the low temperature visual recognition unit, and the high temperature visual recognition unit simultaneously recognize the position mark 522 on the rubber ring corresponding to the first rubber ring positioning component 52 or the second rubber ring positioning component 53. If the rubber ring on the first rubber ring positioning component 52 or the second rubber ring positioning component 53... If the resilience does not meet the requirements or there are any other defects, the position mark 522 information on the first rubber ring positioning component 52 or the second rubber ring positioning component 53 at that position is transmitted to the controller 3. Then, the position mark real-time capture vision detector 15 captures the position mark 522 information on the first rubber ring positioning component 52 and the second rubber ring positioning component 53 about to be unloaded in real time and feeds it back to the controller 3 in real time. Based on the position signal of the photoelectric sensor, the controller 3 controls the first cylinder 64 or the second cylinder 67 to push and remove the material.

[0045] In this embodiment, each visual recognition unit is equipped with a ring-shaped shadowless light source, which is coaxially mounted on the outer periphery of the visual detector lens to provide uniform illumination for the workpiece surface, eliminate reflective shadows, and improve the clarity of defect imaging.

[0046] The vision unit first acquires the image of the position marker 522 and decodes and binds the workpiece identity; then it acquires the images of the workpiece expansion and springback state, and extracts the contour, grayscale and texture features through machine vision algorithms to identify defects such as cracks, missing glue, bubbles, flash, and deformation; the controller 3 associates the images of multiple workstations with the same position marker, integrates the defect type, size and springback residual deformation rate, outputs the qualified / unqualified judgment result and stores it.

[0047] After the position marker real-time capture vision detector 15 reads the position marker 522 that is about to be unloaded, the controller 3 retrieves the judgment result corresponding to the marker; when the photoelectric sensor detects that the corresponding workpiece has arrived at the rejection station, the controller 3 outputs a signal to drive the corresponding cylinder to extend, pushing the defective product away from the conveyor belt, and completing the precise rejection.

[0048] In this embodiment, the ambient temperature visual recognition unit includes an ambient temperature upper visual detector 9 fixedly mounted on the support frame 2 via a first hoisting frame, and an ambient temperature lower visual detector 10 fixedly mounted on the top of the detection platform 1 and at a position directly opposite to the ambient temperature upper visual detector 9. The lenses in both the ambient temperature upper visual detector 9 and the ambient temperature lower visual detector 10 are positioned facing the conveying assembly 4 to capture surface images above and below the rubber ring processing part. The low temperature visual recognition unit includes a low temperature upper visual detector 11 fixedly mounted on the support frame 2 via a second hoisting frame, and a low temperature lower visual detector 12 fixedly mounted on the top of the detection platform 1 and at a position directly opposite to the low temperature upper visual detector 11. The high temperature visual recognition unit includes a high temperature upper visual detector 13 fixedly mounted on the support frame 2 via a third hoisting frame, and a high temperature lower visual detector 14 fixedly mounted on the top of the detection platform 1 and at a position opposite to the high temperature upper visual detector 13. A position marker real-time capture vision detector 15 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the support frame 2 near the high temperature upper vision detector 13. It is used to capture the position marker 522 information on the surface of the first rubber ring positioning component 52 or the second rubber ring positioning component 53 near the sorting and rejection component 6 in real time.

[0049] In this embodiment, the first, second, and third hoisting frames are all height-adjustable gantry-shaped supports, which are fixed to the crossbeam of the support frame 2 by bolts. The vertical rods of the supports have vertical elongated holes to adjust the shooting height and focal length of the upper visual detector. Each lower visual detector is fixed in the corresponding mounting slot on the top surface of the detection table 1 by an L-shaped mounting base, with the lens facing vertically upward and coaxially arranged with the corresponding clearance slot and the lens of the upper detector.

[0050] The position marker real-time capture vision detector 15 is mounted on the side wall of the unloading end of the support frame 2 by an angle-adjustable bracket. The shooting direction is obliquely downward and aligned with the flip unloading position of the loading mechanism to ensure that the position marker 522 on the transparent placement tray 521 can be clearly captured before the workpiece is unloaded, so as to complete the identity verification and result matching.

[0051] All visual detectors employ industrial area scan cameras paired with fixed-focus industrial lenses, achieving resolution and frame rate that meet the accuracy and timing requirements for online continuous inspection.

[0052] like Figures 9-13 , Figure 15 The second embodiment is shown, which differs from the first embodiment in that: the rubber ring loading mechanism 5 includes a mounting plate 51 that is fixed at both ends on the outer walls of two chains 43, and the inner sides of the mounting plate 51 are respectively provided with a first rubber ring positioning component 52 and a second rubber ring positioning component 53 for performing load-bearing and expansion operations; The No. 1 rubber ring positioning assembly 52 and the No. 2 rubber ring positioning assembly 53 have identical structures. The No. 1 rubber ring positioning assembly 52 includes a transparent placement tray 521 fixedly installed inside the mounting plate 51. Multiple position marks 522 for indicating their own information are evenly distributed on the top of the transparent placement tray 521. Each transparent placement tray 521 corresponds to a unique position mark 522. A column 523 is fixedly installed at the center of the top of the transparent placement tray 521. A square through groove 524 is formed on the top of the column 523. Inside the square through groove 524... A lifting rod 525 is slidably installed at the center position. A U-shaped limiting plate 526 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the transparent placement tray 521. The bottom end of the lifting rod 525 slides through the U-shaped limiting plate 526 and is rotatably installed with a first roller 527. Guide rods 528 are fixedly installed on both sides of the outer wall of the lifting rod 525. The top end of the guide rod 528 slides through the U-shaped limiting plate 526 and extends to the outside. A first return spring 529 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod 528 and located between the bottom of the U-shaped limiting plate 526 and the bottom end of the guide rod 528.

[0053] In this embodiment, the transparent placement tray 521 is made of tempered glass or transparent acrylic material with a light transmittance of ≥90%, and is embedded and fixed in the opening of the mounting plate 51 to ensure that the lower vision detector can clearly photograph the bottom surface morphology of the workpiece through the tray.

[0054] Location marker 522 is a laser-engraved digital code, QR code, or specific graphic identifier, set on the edge area of ​​the top surface of the transparent placement tray 521. Each marker code is globally unique and used for the identification binding and traceability of the workpiece throughout the entire process.

[0055] The lifting rod 525 adopts a square section rod, which is clearance-fitted with the square through groove 524 to achieve circumferential limitation and can only slide vertically; the U-shaped limiting plate 526 has an upward opening and is fastened to the center of the bottom surface of the transparent placement plate 521 by bolts.

[0056] The guide rod 528 is a cylindrical smooth rod with its top end vertically fixed to the side wall of the lifting rod 525. It slides in cooperation with the guide hole on the U-shaped limiting plate 526 to prevent the lifting rod 525 from swaying during the lifting process. The first return spring 529 is a compression spring, which is in an extended state under normal conditions, so that the first roller 527 always elastically abuts against the top surface of the expansion drive assembly 16.

[0057] Wedge blocks 5210 are fixedly installed on both sides of the outer wall of the transparent placement plate 521 and inside the square through groove 524. Wedge grooves are opened on the wedge surface of the wedge block 5210, and each wedge groove is provided with an expansion arm unit for performing rubber ring expansion operation. The expansion arm unit includes a support sleeve 5211. One end of the support sleeve 5211 slides through a square through slot 524 and extends to the outside. A support rod 5212 is provided inside the support sleeve 5211 on the side away from the wedge block 5210. An expansion block 5213 is fixedly provided at the end of the support rod 5212 away from the support sleeve 5211. The support rod 5212 can slide relative to the inner cavity of the support sleeve 5211 to adjust the expansion block 5213 relative to the support sleeve 521. After the distance is adjusted, the support sleeve 5211 and the support rod 5212 are locked by fastening bolts. The end of the support sleeve 5211 away from the expansion block 5213 is rotatably provided with a second roller 5214. The second roller 5214 is slidably disposed in the wedge groove of the wedge block 5210. A second return spring 5215 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the support sleeve 5211 and located between the second roller 5214 and the inner wall of the square through groove 524.

[0058] In this embodiment, the wedge-shaped surface of the wedge block 5210 faces the lifting rod 525, and the wedge groove extends along the inclined direction of the wedge-shaped surface. The groove cross-section is an arc-shaped groove, which is adapted to the wheel surface of the second roller 5214 and plays a guiding and limiting role in the movement of the second roller 5214.

[0059] The strut sleeve 5211 is a square sleeve that fits with the square guide hole on the side wall of the square through groove 524 to achieve circumferential limiting for radial sliding. The side wall of the strut 5212 has a scale groove along the axial direction, and the side wall of the strut sleeve 5211 has a radial threaded hole. The fastening bolt is screwed into the threaded hole and pressed against the side wall of the strut 5212 to achieve locking. The scale is used to assist in the precise adjustment of the expansion diameter.

[0060] The expansion block 5213 is an arc-shaped block made of nylon or rubber. Its outer arc surface is adapted to the curvature of the inner wall of the rubber ring workpiece to avoid scratching the inner surface of the workpiece during expansion. Two sets of expansion arm units are symmetrically arranged in a single positioning component, which expand outward synchronously to achieve opposing expansion of the rubber ring.

[0061] The second return spring 5215 is a compression spring. Under normal conditions, it pushes the second roller 5214 to press against the inner wall of the wedge groove, so that the expansion block 5213 is in the initial position of contraction, ensuring that the workpiece can be smoothly inserted.

[0062] In this embodiment, the expansion drive assembly 16 includes a drive plate 161 fixedly disposed on the inner walls of two parallel side plates inside the conveying assembly 4. The top of the drive plate 161 abuts against the first roller 527. A plurality of elongated protrusions 162 are uniformly fixedly disposed on the top of the drive plate 161 for intermittently pushing the first roller 527 upward to cooperate with the first rubber ring positioning assembly 52 and the second rubber ring positioning assembly 53 to complete the intermittent expansion operation of the rubber ring. The top of the drive plate 161 is also provided with a first clearance groove 163, a second clearance groove 164 and a third clearance groove 165, respectively, to facilitate the intelligent vision recognition assembly to capture the image of the rubber ring surface through the first clearance groove 163, the second clearance groove 164 and the third clearance groove 165.

[0063] In this embodiment, the drive plate 161 is a long strip of metal plate, which is horizontally arranged along the conveying direction and fixed at both ends to the inner walls of the two side plates by support brackets; the plane on the top surface of the drive plate 161 is flush with the lowest position of the first roller 527, so as to ensure that the roller is always in contact with the plate when the loading mechanism moves.

[0064] The elongated protrusions 162 are arranged at equal intervals along the conveying direction. The cross-section of the protrusions is circular or trapezoidal, and the two ends are provided with smooth transition slopes to make the lifting and lowering process of the first roller 527 smooth and without impact. Each inspection station is provided with at least one set of protrusions to ensure that the workpiece is in a stable and expanded state during the shooting.

[0065] The first, second, and third clearance channels are all long, narrow channels, with a length covering the shooting stroke of the corresponding station and a width greater than the maximum outer diameter of the rubber ring workpiece. The edges of the channels are chamfered to avoid obstructing the shooting view. The three channels correspond to the normal temperature, low temperature, and high temperature detection stations in sequence along the conveying direction and are coaxially aligned with the lower vision detector.

[0066] This invention also provides an intelligent vision sorting method based on rubber part processing, for use in an intelligent vision sorting machine based on rubber part processing. The specific method includes the following steps: Step 1: Based on the inner diameter specifications of the rubber ring workpieces to be sorted, pre-adjust the extension length of the support rod 5212 in the support rod sleeve 5211 of the No. 1 rubber ring positioning component 52 and the No. 2 rubber ring positioning component 53. After locking with fastening bolts, place the rubber ring workpieces to be sorted one by one on the outer periphery of the expansion block 5213 of the corresponding transparent placement tray 521 on the mounting plate 51 to complete the initial positioning of the workpieces. Each transparent placement tray 521 corresponds to a unique position mark 522 for the identification traceability of the workpieces throughout the entire process.

[0067] Step 2: The controller 3 controls the servo motor of the conveying component 4 to start, which drives the transmission roller 41 to rotate. The sprocket 42 drives the chain 43 to rotate at a constant speed along the length of the inspection table 1, which drives the rubber ring loading mechanism 5 fixed on the chain 43 to move synchronously. The support frame 2 provides installation support for each station mechanism, realizing the continuous feeding and conveying of rubber ring workpieces.

[0068] Step 3: When the rubber ring loading mechanism 5 moves to the ambient temperature testing station, the elongated protrusion 162 on the top surface of the drive plate 161 of the expansion drive assembly 16 intermittently pushes the first roller 527 upward, causing the lifting rod 525 to slide upward along the square through groove 524 of the column 523 and the U-shaped limiting plate 526. The guide rod 528 moves upward synchronously with the lifting rod 525 and compresses the first return spring 529. During the upward movement of the lifting rod 525, it pushes the second rollers 5214 on both sides to slide outward along the wedge groove of the wedge block 5210, driving the support sleeve. 5211 extends outward along the side wall of the square through slot 524 and compresses the second return spring 5215, thereby pushing the expansion block 5213 outward through the support rod 5212 to perform intermittent expansion action on the rubber ring workpiece; the room temperature upper vision detector 9 and the room temperature lower vision detector 10 collect images of the upper and lower surfaces of the rubber ring workpiece in the expansion state and the springback state respectively through the first clearance through slot 163 on the drive plate 161, and at the same time collect the position mark 522 information on the corresponding transparent placement plate 521 and transmit it to the controller 3.

[0069] Step 4: The conveying component 4 drives the rubber ring loading mechanism 5 through the barrier curtain 73 into the heat insulation cover 71 of the refrigeration mechanism 7. The temperature control component 72 continuously delivers cold air into the heat insulation cover 71. The barrier curtain 73 blocks the convection of air inside and outside to maintain a stable low temperature environment, applying a low temperature load to the rubber ring workpiece and amplifying the degree of manifestation of micro-defects on the workpiece surface.

[0070] Step 5: When the rubber ring loading mechanism 5, which has undergone low-temperature treatment, moves to the low-temperature detection station, the elongated protrusion 162 on the drive plate 161 intermittently pushes against the first roller 527 again, repeating the intermittent expansion and rebound action of the rubber ring workpiece; the low-temperature upper vision detector 11 and the low-temperature lower vision detector 12 collect the upper and lower surface images of the expansion and rebound state of the rubber ring workpiece under low-temperature conditions and the corresponding position mark 522 information through the second clearance groove 164 on the drive plate 161, and transmit them to the controller 3.

[0071] Step 6: The conveying component 4 drives the rubber ring loading mechanism 5 into the heat insulation cover of the heating mechanism 8. The corresponding temperature control component continuously delivers hot air into the cover to maintain a stable high temperature environment and apply a high temperature load to the rubber ring workpiece. When the high-temperature treated rubber ring loading mechanism 5 moves to the high-temperature detection station, the elongated protrusion 162 on the drive plate 161 intermittently pushes against the first roller 527, completing the intermittent expansion and rebound of the rubber ring workpiece; the high-temperature upper vision detector 13 and the high-temperature lower vision detector 14 collect images of the upper and lower surfaces of the rubber ring workpiece in the expansion and rebound state under high temperature environment and the corresponding position mark 522 information through the third clearance groove 165 on the drive plate 161, and transmit them to the controller 3; The controller 3 associates the three sets of working condition images corresponding to the same position mark 522 at normal temperature, low temperature and high temperature, and identifies the surface micro-defects of the rubber ring workpiece under different temperature conditions; at the same time, it compares the rebound state morphology of the rubber ring workpiece at each station, distinguishes between recoverable elastic deformation and permanent plastic deformation, determines whether the rubber ring workpiece corresponding to the position mark 522 is a qualified product or an unqualified product and stores the determination result. When the rubber ring loading mechanism 5 moves with the chain 43 to the unloading end of the conveying assembly 4, it rotates 180° with the rotation of the chain 43. The first roller 527 loses the support of the drive plate 161. The first return spring 529 and the second return spring 5215 respectively drive the lifting rod 525 and the support sleeve 5211 to reset. The expansion block 5213 retracts and releases the expansion force on the rubber ring workpiece. The rubber ring workpiece falls onto the surface of the sorting conveyor belt 62 of the sorting and rejection assembly 6 under its own gravity. The position marker real-time capture vision detector 15 collects the data in real time before unloading. The position mark 522 on the rubber ring loading mechanism 5 is fed back to the controller 3. Combined with the workpiece position signal from the photoelectric sensor, the controller 3 controls the corresponding first cylinder 64 or second cylinder 67 on the sorting rack 61 to move, driving the first push plate 65 or second push plate 68 to push the defective products to the first inclined guide plate 66 or second inclined guide plate 69 for export and collection. The qualified products continue to be transported by the sorting conveyor belt 62 driven by the stepper motor 63, completing the entire sorting process. The buffer layer on the surface of the sorting conveyor belt 62 is used to prevent the rubber ring workpiece from bouncing when it falls.

[0072] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0073] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An intelligent vision sorting machine based on rubber parts processing, comprising a detection table and a support frame fixedly mounted on the top of the detection table, and a controller for controlling the operation of all electrical equipment is also fixedly mounted on the side wall of the detection table, characterized in that, Also includes: The conveying assembly is installed on the top surface of the testing table, and both ends of the conveying assembly protrude from the corresponding end faces of the testing table along the length of the testing table. It is used to convey the rubber ring workpieces to be sorted, so as to realize the continuous feeding and unloading of the rubber ring workpieces. Several rubber ring loading mechanisms are evenly arranged along the conveying direction of the conveying assembly. They are used to position and support the rubber ring workpieces to be sorted. During the conveying process, they cooperate with the expansion drive assembly to perform intermittent expansion action on the rubber ring workpieces, providing a basis for subsequent judgment of the recoverable elastic deformation and permanent plastic deformation of the rubber ring workpieces. The sorting and rejection assembly is located on one side of the unloading end of the inspection table and is used to reject rubber ring workpieces that are determined to be unqualified after inspection. The refrigeration and heating mechanisms are arranged sequentially along the conveying direction of the rubber ring workpiece. They are used to simulate the low-temperature and high-temperature working environments of the rubber ring workpiece, respectively. The temperature load amplifies the micro-defects on the surface of the rubber ring workpiece, thereby improving the accuracy of defect identification.

2. The intelligent vision sorting machine based on rubber part processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an intelligent vision recognition component, which is arranged sequentially along the feeding direction of the conveying component. It is used to collect images of the expansion state and rebound state of the rubber ring workpiece under normal temperature, low temperature and high temperature conditions, identify the surface micro-defects of the rubber ring workpiece under different temperature environments and expansion states, and at the same time, by comparing the rebound state of the same rubber ring workpiece at different work stations, it determines whether the rubber ring workpiece is a defective product that has undergone permanent plastic deformation or a qualified product with sufficient elastic rebound. The conveying assembly includes two side plates that are fixedly arranged in parallel on the front and rear sides of the top of the testing platform. Two transmission rollers are rotatably arranged on the left and right opposite side walls of the two side plates. Sprockets are fixedly sleeved on both sides of the outer wall of the two transmission rollers. A chain is sleeved on the outer wall of the two sprockets on the left and right sides. Multiple rubber ring loading mechanisms are arranged on the outer wall of the front and rear chains and move synchronously with the chains. One of the transmission rollers is driven by a servo motor.

3. The intelligent vision sorting machine based on rubber part processing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rubber ring loading mechanism includes a mounting plate that is fixedly mounted on the outer walls of two chains at both ends. The inner sides of the mounting plate are respectively provided with a first rubber ring positioning component and a second rubber ring positioning component for performing load-bearing and expansion operations. The No. 1 and No. 2 rubber ring positioning components have identical structures. The No. 1 rubber ring positioning component includes a transparent placement tray fixedly installed inside the mounting plate. The top of the transparent placement tray is evenly provided with multiple position marks for indicating its own information. Each transparent placement tray corresponds to a unique position mark. A column is fixedly installed at the top center of the transparent placement tray. A square through groove is opened at the top of the column. A lifting rod is slidably installed at the center of the square through groove. A U-shaped limiting plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the transparent placement tray. The bottom end of the lifting rod slides through the U-shaped limiting plate and is rotatably provided with a first roller. Guide rods are fixedly installed on both sides of the outer wall of the lifting rod. The top end of the guide rod slides through the U-shaped limiting plate and extends to the outside. A first return spring is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod and located between the bottom of the U-shaped limiting plate and the bottom end of the guide rod.

4. The intelligent vision sorting machine based on rubber part processing according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both sides of the outer wall of the transparent placement plate and inside the square through groove are fixedly provided with wedge blocks. The wedge surface of the wedge block is provided with a wedge groove, and each wedge groove is provided with a support arm unit for performing the rubber ring expansion operation. The expansion arm unit includes a support sleeve, one end of which slides through a square through groove and extends to the outside. A support rod is provided inside the support sleeve on the side away from the wedge block. An expansion block is fixedly provided at the end of the support rod away from the support sleeve. The support rod can slide relative to the inner cavity of the support sleeve to adjust the distance between the expansion block and the support sleeve. After adjustment, the support sleeve and the support rod are locked by fastening bolts. A second roller is rotatably provided at the end of the support sleeve away from the expansion block. The second roller is slidably provided in the wedge groove of the wedge block. A second return spring is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the support sleeve between the second roller and the inner wall of the square through groove.

5. The intelligent vision sorting machine based on rubber part processing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The expansion drive assembly includes a drive plate fixedly mounted on the inner walls of two parallel side plates inside the conveying assembly. The top of the drive plate abuts against the first roller. Several elongated protrusions are evenly fixedly mounted on the top of the drive plate for intermittently pushing the first roller upward to cooperate with the first rubber ring positioning assembly and the second rubber ring positioning assembly to complete the intermittent expansion operation of the rubber ring. The top of the drive plate is also provided with a first clearance groove, a second clearance groove and a third clearance groove to facilitate the intelligent vision recognition assembly to capture the image of the rubber ring surface through the first clearance groove, the second clearance groove and the third clearance groove.

6. The intelligent vision sorting machine based on rubber part processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sorting and rejection assembly includes a sorting frame located on the discharge side of the inspection station. Inside the sorting frame is a sorting conveyor belt for transporting rubber ring parts. A buffer layer is fixedly installed on the surface of the sorting conveyor belt to prevent the rubber rings from bouncing when they land on it. The sorting conveyor belt is driven by a stepper motor. A first rejection unit and a second rejection unit are respectively located on the top two sides of the sorting frame. The first rejection unit includes a first cylinder fixedly installed on the top of the sorting frame. A first push plate is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the sorting frame. The initial position of the first push plate is located at half the front-to-back width of the top of the sorting conveyor belt. A first inclined guide plate for discharging defective products is fixedly installed on the side wall of the sorting frame opposite the first push plate. The second rejection unit includes a second cylinder fixedly mounted on the top of the sorting rack. A second push plate is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the second cylinder. The initial position of the second push plate is located at half the width of the top of the sorting conveyor belt. A second inclined guide plate for discharging defective products is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the sorting rack opposite the second push plate. Photoelectric sensors are installed at corresponding positions of the first and second cylinders to monitor the position of the rubber ring in real time.

7. The intelligent vision sorting machine based on rubber part processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refrigeration mechanism and the heating mechanism have the same structure and can perform refrigeration or heating according to the program settings, and blow out cold air or hot air accordingly. The refrigeration mechanism includes a heat insulation cover fixedly installed on the support frame. A temperature control component is fixedly installed at the top center of the heat insulation cover. The bottom of the temperature control component is connected to the inside of the heat insulation cover to deliver cold air into the heat insulation cover. Multiple barrier curtains are evenly fixedly installed around the outer wall of the heat insulation cover. The bottom of each barrier curtain hangs down naturally and contacts the top of the conveying component.

8. The intelligent vision sorting machine based on rubber part processing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The intelligent visual recognition component includes a normal temperature visual recognition unit, a low temperature visual recognition unit, and a high temperature visual recognition unit. The normal temperature visual recognition unit is located on the left side of the refrigeration mechanism and is used to capture the surface state of the rubber ring at normal temperature. The low temperature visual recognition unit is located between the refrigeration mechanism and the heating mechanism and is used to capture the surface state of the rubber ring after being cooled by the refrigeration mechanism. The high temperature visual recognition unit is located on the right side of the heating mechanism and is used to capture the surface state of the rubber ring after being heated by the heating mechanism.

9. The intelligent vision sorting machine based on rubber part processing according to claim 8, characterized in that: The ambient temperature visual recognition unit includes an ambient temperature upper visual detector fixedly mounted on the support frame via a first lifting frame. An ambient temperature lower visual detector is fixedly mounted on the top of the inspection platform and at a position directly opposite to the ambient temperature upper visual detector. The lenses of both the ambient temperature upper and lower visual detectors are oriented towards the conveying assembly to capture surface images above and below the rubber ring processing part. The low temperature visual recognition unit includes a low temperature upper visual detector fixedly mounted on the support frame via a second lifting frame. A low temperature lower visual detector is fixedly mounted on the top of the inspection platform and at a position directly opposite to the low temperature upper visual detector. The high temperature visual recognition unit includes a high temperature upper visual detector fixedly mounted on the support frame via a third lifting frame. A high temperature lower visual detector is fixedly mounted on the top of the inspection platform at a position opposite to the high temperature upper visual detector. A position marker real-time capture vision detector is fixedly installed on the side wall of the support frame near the high-temperature upper vision detector. It is used to capture the position marker information on the surface of the first or second rubber ring positioning component near the sorting and rejection component in real time.

10. An intelligent visual sorting method based on rubber part processing, used in the intelligent visual sorting machine based on rubber part processing as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: Step 1: The rubber ring workpieces to be sorted are positioned on the rubber ring loading mechanism, and the controller drives the conveying component to continuously convey the workpieces. Step 2: The expansion drive component, together with the rubber ring loading mechanism, intermittently expands the rubber ring workpiece, and the intelligent vision recognition component collects images of the workpiece's expansion and rebound state at room temperature; Step 3: The refrigeration mechanism simulates the low-temperature working environment to magnify the micro-defects of the workpiece, and the intelligent vision recognition component collects images of the workpiece's expansion and springback state at low temperature. Step 4: The heating mechanism simulates a high-temperature working environment to magnify the micro-defects of the workpiece, and the intelligent vision recognition component collects images of the workpiece's expansion and springback state under high temperature. Step 5: The controller compares the rebound state of the same rubber ring workpiece at different work positions, distinguishes between recoverable elastic deformation and permanent plastic deformation, and combines the results of multi-condition defect identification to determine whether the workpiece is qualified or unqualified. Step 6: The workpiece is conveyed to the unloading end to complete the unloading. The sorting and rejection component rejects unqualified rubber ring workpieces according to the controller's judgment result. Qualified products are output normally, and the sorting is completed.

Images