A chaff separation and color sorting system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of bran separation color selection systems, including feeding mechanism, optical detection mechanism, air blow sorting mechanism and control module, wherein, feeding mechanism includes hopper and material guide, one end of material guide is communicated with the discharge port of hopper, optical detection mechanism includes first detector, twist guide box and second detector, the top of twist guide box is communicated with the other end of material guide, first detector is located at the inlet end of twist guide box, second detector is located at the outlet end of twist guide box, air blow sorting mechanism includes first nozzle and second nozzle separately arranged below the outlet end of twist guide box, the input end of control module is electrically connected with first detector, second detector, and the output end of control module is electrically connected with first nozzle, second nozzle. Therefore, the application changes the cross-sectional projection of grain by using twist guide box, so as to obtain the grain information under another transmission path, which helps to reduce the situation of making judgment only by accidental transmission posture, and improves the detection accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grain processing technology, and in particular to a grain-brown separation and color sorting system. Background Technology

[0002] The mixture after hulling contains brown rice, unhulled paddy, and a small amount of husk. Traditionally, repeated screening using a paddy-brown rice separator or repeated hulling in a huller can easily crush the rice, increasing the broken rice rate by more than 7%. To address this, color sorting equipment identifies materials based on their optical response and then guides different materials into corresponding collection channels via an actuator. For materials with similar appearance characteristics, transmission information needs to be combined for identification. In this way, the color sorter can distinguish paddy, husk, and brown rice that are similar in color and shape through photoelectric recognition, avoiding repeated mechanical processing and reducing the broken rice rate by more than 5%.

[0003] Traditional color sorting systems focus their detection on the same target location, but actively form structures with different postures between the two detection locations through independent constraint channels. When the same grain passes through in different postures, its transmission path and shell occlusion area may change. Subtracting the dual-band image at that location alone cannot provide verification information under another controlled posture. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a grain sorting and color separation system.

[0005] A grain sorting and color sorting system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: A feeding mechanism, comprising a hopper and a guide, wherein one end of the guide is connected to the discharge port of the hopper; An optical inspection mechanism includes a first detector, a torsion guide box, and a second detector. The top of the torsion guide box is connected to the other end of the feeder. The first detector is located at the inlet end of the torsion guide box, and the second detector is located at the outlet end of the torsion guide box. The torsion guide box is used to torsion grains. An air-blowing sorting mechanism includes a gas compressor, a first nozzle, and a second nozzle. The first nozzle and the second nozzle are positioned opposite each other below the outlet end of the torsion guide box, and both the first nozzle and the second nozzle are connected to the gas compressor. The control module has its input terminal electrically connected to the first detector and the second detector, and its output terminal electrically connected to the first nozzle and the second nozzle.

[0006] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the torsion guide box includes a box body and a cover body, the cover body being detachably disposed on the box body, the box body having a grain flow channel, the grain flow channel including an inlet section, a torsion section and an outlet section connected in sequence, the longitudinal cross-section of the grain flow channel being rectangular.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the inner surface of the grain flow channel is provided with a stainless steel layer or a polymer layer.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first detector is a dual-band transmission detector, and the second detector is a dual-band transmission detector.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the dual-band transmission detector includes: a first-band light source, a second-band light source, a beam combiner, a beam splitter, a first-band camera, and a second-band camera. The first-band light source, the second-band light source, and the beam combiner are disposed on one side of the grain flow channel, and the beam splitter, the first-band camera, and the second-band camera are disposed on the other side of the grain flow channel. The line connecting the beam combiner and the beam splitter is perpendicular to the grain flow channel.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a vibrating distributor is further provided between the hopper and the feeder, the vibrating distributor including a vibrating distribution plate and a partition plate, the partition plate being spaced apart on the distribution plate.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a first speed measuring light curtain and a second speed measuring light curtain are further stacked between the torsion guide box and the air blowing sorting mechanism, and the first speed measuring light curtain and the second speed measuring light curtain are spaced apart. Attached Figure Description

[0012] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the grain separation and color sorting system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the torsion guide box according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the grain flow channel shape according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path of a dual-band transmission detector according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure label: 100. Rice and husk separation and color sorting system; 1. Feeding mechanism; 11. Hopper; 12. Feeder; 2. Optical inspection mechanism; 21. First detector; 22. Torsional guide box; 23. Second detector; 4. Air-blowing sorting mechanism; 41. First nozzle; 42. Second nozzle; 43. Gas compressor; 5. Grain flow channel; 51. Inlet section; 52. Torsional section; 53. Outlet section; 6. Dual-band transmission detector; 61. First-band light source; 62. Second-band light source; 63. Beam combiner; 64. Beam splitter; 65. First-band camera; 66. Second-band camera; 7. Vibrating feeder; 8. First speed measuring light curtain; 9. Second speed measuring light curtain. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The technical solutions of the embodiments disclosed in this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The descriptions of the embodiments are merely illustrative and exemplary, and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure or its application or use. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this disclosure without inventive effort should fall within the scope of protection of this disclosure. Furthermore, techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification.

[0014] Combination Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a grain sorting and color separation system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a feeding mechanism 1, an optical detection mechanism 2, an air-blowing sorting mechanism 4, and a control module. The feeding mechanism 1 includes a hopper 11 and a guide 12. One end of the guide 12 is connected to the outlet of the hopper 11. The optical detection mechanism 2 includes a first detector 21, a torsion guide box 22, and a second detector 3. The top of the torsion guide box 22 is connected to the other end of the guide 12. The first detector 21 is located at the inlet end of the torsion guide box 22, and the second detector 23 is located at the outlet end of the torsion guide box 22. The air-blowing sorting mechanism 4 includes a gas compressor 43, a first nozzle 41, and a second nozzle 42. The first nozzle 41 and the second nozzle 42 are arranged below the outlet end of the torsion guide box 22. Both the first nozzle 41 and the second nozzle 42 are connected to the gas compressor 43. The input end of the control module is electrically connected to the first detector 21 and the second detector 3, and the output end of the control module is electrically connected to the first nozzle 41 and the second nozzle 42.

[0015] In addition, a rejection collection box, a brown rice collection box, and a verification box are provided below the first nozzle 41 and the second nozzle 42. The first nozzle 41 and the second nozzle 42 are arranged opposite each other so that the airflow direction is towards the rejection collection box and the brown rice collection box, respectively. When the first nozzle 41 and the second nozzle 42 are both closed, the grain falls normally into the verification box.

[0016] In use, the grains to be separated fall from the hopper 11 and enter the torsion guide box 22 along the feeder 12. At this time, when the grains pass through the first detector 21 and the second detector 23, the grains located in the torsion guide box 22 can be illuminated by the configured dual-band transmission detection light source. The light transmitted through the grains will be captured by the band camera on the other side.

[0017] It should be noted that, in order to allow the light source to better illuminate the grains, the sidewalls of the torsion guide box 22 can be made of transparent material or a transparent window can be set at the first detector 21. For example, the sidewalls on both sides of the grain to be detected can be made of quartz sheet material. Similarly, a transparent window can be set at the second detector 23 to facilitate the collection of grain information.

[0018] When the first detector 21 detects a complete grain outline, it records the channel number, sequence number, image capture time tA, length LA, width WA, and optical features; similarly, the second detector 23 records the same fields.

[0019] Furthermore, the inside of the torsion guide box 22 is provided with a torsion flow channel, in which the grain can be deflected at a certain angle, so that the transmitted light of the second detector 3 can pass through different cross-sectional paths of the grain.

[0020] Within the same channel, the records of the second detector 23 are associated with the candidate records of the first detector 21 within the time window. The time window is determined by the shortest and longest time margin of the known sample particles passing through the channel, and requires that the order be consistent and the relative length difference not exceed the threshold, so that the information between the first detector 21 and the second detector 23 can be associated.

[0021] The control module determines the type of rice grain, namely brown rice or rice husk, based on the information associated between the first detector 21 and the second detector 23. When the grain is brown rice, the control module controls the first nozzle 41 to spray airflow, thereby blowing the grain toward the brown rice collection box. Similarly, when the grain is rice husk, the control module controls the second nozzle 42 to spray airflow, thereby blowing the grain toward the rejection collection box.

[0022] Therefore, this invention utilizes a torsion guide box to change the cross-sectional projection of the grain, thereby obtaining grain information under another transmission path. This helps to reduce the situation where judgments are made based solely on accidental transmission posture, thus improving detection accuracy.

[0023] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, the torsion guide box 22 includes a box body and a cover body. The cover body is detachably disposed on the box body. The box body is provided with a grain flow channel 5. The grain flow channel 5 includes an inlet section 51, a torsion section 52 and an outlet section 53 connected in sequence. The longitudinal cross-section of the grain flow channel 5 is rectangular.

[0024] Specifically, the long side direction of the flow channel cross-section changes continuously around the center line of the flow channel along the twisting section 52, which makes the long side directions of the inlet section 51 and the outlet section 53 differ by 90°. Furthermore, the constraint directions of the inlet section 51 and the twisting section 52 are consistent, and the constraint directions of the outlet section 53 and the twisting section 52 are consistent. This causes the long axis of the grain to move along the channel, and the channel sidewall gradually forces the width direction of the grain to rotate with the cross-sectional direction, so that the transmitted light in the same spatial direction passes through different cross-sectional paths of the grain.

[0025] More specifically, the channel size of the grain flow channel 5 can be selected according to the pre-screened particle size group. Taking the group with a grain length of 6-9 mm, a width of 2.8-3.2 mm, and a thickness of 1.8-2.2 mm as an example of structural design, the channel net width can be 3.6 mm, the net height is 2.6 mm, the twisting section 52 is 140 mm long, and the inlet and outlet straight sections are each 20 mm.

[0026] It is important to note that before the grains enter the torsion guide box 22, oversized particles need to be screened out. Therefore, when the application group changes, different sizes of torsion guide boxes 22 with different grain flow channels 5 are required for different sizes of grains. A single size torsion guide box 22 cannot be used to process all grains.

[0027] Preferably, based on the above embodiments, the inner surface of the grain flow channel 5 is provided with a stainless steel layer or a polymer layer, thereby reducing the friction of the grains and making it easier for the grains to pass through the torsion guide box 22 more smoothly.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 4 As shown, the first detector 21 employs a dual-band transmission detector 6, which includes a first-band light source 61, a second-band light source 62, a beam combiner 63, a beam splitter 64, a first-band camera 65, and a second-band camera 66. The first-band light source 61 and the second-band light source 62 form coaxial illumination through the beam combiner 63, illuminating the grain. To facilitate the illumination of the grain, two transparent transmission windows are provided on the optical axis. Subsequently, the light passing through the grain reaches the first-band camera 65 and the second-band camera 66 respectively through the beam splitter 64.

[0029] The transmission window can be a detachable quartz plate flush with the inner wall of the channel. The effective length of the window along the direction of movement is greater than the length of the largest grain to be measured, so as to avoid affecting the image acquisition of the grain.

[0030] Similarly, the second detector 23 adopts a dual-band transmission detector 6, and its structure and principle are the same as those of the first detector 21, which will not be described in detail here.

[0031] More specifically, in some embodiments, center wavelengths of 850 nm and 1450 nm can be selected, respectively paired with a silicon-based camera and an InGaAs camera covering 1450 nm. Each receiver is equipped with a corresponding narrowband filter, and the two bands are exposed using the same trigger signal.

[0032] The projected length, projection width, and number of connected components are obtained from the material contour of the 850 nm image. After removing edge pixels within the contour, the median of the attenuation for each of the two bands is taken. Then, the attenuation difference between the two bands and the normalized attenuation difference (A850-A1450) / (A850+A1450+ε) are calculated, where ε is a preset positive number to avoid the denominator being zero. In addition, the two detection segments are calibrated separately, and the original gray levels are not directly subtracted across detection segments.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, a vibrating distributor 7 is also provided between the hopper 11 and the feeder 12. The vibrating distributor 7 includes a vibrating distribution plate and a partition. The vibrating distribution plate uses a vibrator as the vibration source to drive the plate to vibrate up and down. The partition is spaced on the distribution plate to facilitate material distribution and make the grain more evenly distributed to multiple feeders 12.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, a first speed measuring light curtain 8 and a second speed measuring light curtain 9 are also stacked between the torsion guide box 22 and the air blowing sorting mechanism 4, and the distance between the first speed measuring light curtain 8 and the second speed measuring light curtain 9 is set.

[0035] Specifically, the area between the two speed measuring light curtains is a non-contact free-fall zone. The control module determines the end speed based on the time difference between the same material passing through the two speed measuring light curtains, and determines the timing of the blowing command by combining the distance between the second speed measuring light curtain 9 and the working plane of the nozzle, as well as the valve response and airflow establishment delay.

[0036] The first and second velocity-measuring light curtains 8 and 9, positioned below the second detector 23, can identify complete obstruction pulses through the same channel and associate the pulse center time with the record of the second detector 23. The area between the two light curtains is a non-contact free-fall zone with a spacing of d. Let Δt = t9 - t8. Using a vertical uniform acceleration approximation, the velocity of the grain at the second light curtain is v9 = d / Δt + gΔt / 2. The vertical distance from the second light curtain to the nozzle plane is H. Therefore, the predicted arrival time τ = (√(v9 / 2)) / 2. 2 +2gH)-v9) / g.

[0037] If the total calibration delay between the solenoid valve response and airflow establishment at the nozzle is τv, the controller issues an opening command at t9+τ-τv. The blowing duration is determined by the material's length l along the direction of movement, the predicted velocity vn at the nozzle, and the timing margin δ, which can be taken as tp=l / vn+2δ, and limited within the solenoid valve's allowable range. For adjacent grains in the same channel, each pulse should be extended forward and backward according to the airflow residual time; if two grains have different destinations and the extension windows overlap, both grains should be changed to pending verification and the corresponding blowing should be canceled, and the pulse should not be extended to blow away the adjacent grains as well.

[0038] To detect neighboring particle conflicts before the first command is issued, H / vmax must be greater than the sum of the maximum injection duration, airflow residual effect, valve delay, and computational delay. An event look-ahead check should then be performed at the second light curtain. Example: d = 20 mm, H = 80 mm, Δt = 10 ms, g = 9.81 m / s 2 If v9 is approximately 2.049 m / s, then τ is approximately 35.9 ms; when τv = 2 ms, the command is issued approximately 33.9 ms after recording on the second light curtain.

[0039] For materials with high aerodynamic resistance, such as rice husks, a lookup table of Δt to nozzle arrival time can be established using known category samples to replace the gravity approximation. Materials for which reliable speed cannot be measured, which exceed the calibrated speed range, or which have insufficient remaining execution time are all entered into the verification box.

[0040] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0041] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0042] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A system for separating and color sorting of husked grains, characterized in that include: A feeding mechanism, comprising a hopper and a guide, wherein one end of the guide is connected to the discharge port of the hopper; An optical inspection mechanism includes a first detector, a torsion guide box, and a second detector. The top of the torsion guide box is connected to the other end of the feeder. The first detector is located at the inlet end of the torsion guide box, and the second detector is located at the outlet end of the torsion guide box. The torsion guide box is used to torsion grains. An air-blowing sorting mechanism includes a gas compressor, a first nozzle, and a second nozzle. The first nozzle and the second nozzle are positioned opposite each other below the outlet end of the torsion guide box, and both the first nozzle and the second nozzle are connected to the gas compressor. The control module has its input terminal electrically connected to the first detector and the second detector, and its output terminal electrically connected to the first nozzle and the second nozzle.

2. A system for separating and color sorting of husked grains according to claim 1, characterized in that, The torsion guide box includes a box body and a cover body. The cover body is detachably mounted on the box body. The box body is provided with a grain flow channel. The grain flow channel includes an inlet section, a torsion section and an outlet section connected in sequence. The longitudinal cross-section of the grain flow channel is rectangular.

3. A system for separating and color sorting of husked grains according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner surface of the grain flow channel is provided with a stainless steel layer or a polymer layer.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein, The first detector is a dual-band transmission detector, and the second detector is a dual-band transmission detector.

5. The system of claim 2, wherein, The dual-band transmission detector includes: a first-band light source, a second-band light source, a beam combiner, a beam splitter, a first-band camera, and a second-band camera. The first-band light source, the second-band light source, and the beam combiner are located on one side of the grain flow channel, and the beam splitter, the first-band camera, and the second-band camera are located on the other side of the grain flow channel. The line connecting the beam combiner and the beam splitter is perpendicular to the grain flow channel.

6. The paddy rice separation and color sorting system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A vibrating distributor is also provided between the hopper and the feeder. The vibrating distributor includes a vibrating distribution plate and a partition plate, with the partition plate spaced apart on the distribution plate.

7. The rice bran separation and color sorting system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first speed measuring light curtain and a second speed measuring light curtain are also stacked between the torsion guide box and the air blowing sorting mechanism, and the distance between the first speed measuring light curtain and the second speed measuring light curtain is set.

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