A combination boat and method of use

Abstract

This invention discloses a combined boat dish and its usage method, belonging to the technical field of powder metallurgy reduction equipment. The combined boat dish includes a boat support, a boat box, and connecting components. The boat support has an installation groove with evenly distributed perforated structures at the bottom. The boat box is placed in the installation groove and fixed by the connecting components. The boat box has a bearing chamber. A gas inlet pipe is movably mounted on the side of the boat support, and a gas equalization chamber is located inside. The bottom of the boat box has a gas permeation structure communicating with the gas equalization chamber. The boat support also has a passive component for moving the gas inlet pipe relative to the boat support and connecting it to the furnace inlet pipe. This invention, through the separate combination design of the boat support and boat box, allows the boat support to bear the pushing load, while the boat box only carries the material, effectively avoiding high-temperature deformation of the boat box. The gas permeation structure introduces reducing gas into the material layer, improving the uniformity of reduction. The bottom of the boat support has rolling elements and scrapers, reducing pushing resistance and keeping the running trajectory clean.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a combined boat and its usage method, which is mainly used in boats for reducing rare metals such as molybdenum powder, tungsten powder and cobalt powder in reduction furnaces. It has a long service life, is not easily deformed, and greatly saves on usage costs. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of powder metallurgy and rare metal processing, metal oxides such as molybdenum trioxide, tungsten trioxide, or cobalt oxide typically require high-temperature reduction in a reduction furnace using hydrogen or ammonia decomposition gas to produce metallic molybdenum powder, tungsten powder, or cobalt powder. Currently, the four-tube reduction furnace is one of the most widely used devices in this type of reduction process. Multiple boats are placed side-by-side inside the furnace tubes, each carrying a certain thickness of metal oxide powder. These boats pass sequentially through the furnace heating zone under the action of a boat-pushing mechanism, completing the reduction reaction.

[0003] However, the boat-shaped vessels used in existing four-tube reduction furnaces are generally integral rectangular tank structures, typically measuring 360mm × 273mm × 42mm. In actual production use, this traditional boat-shaped vessel presents the following prominent problems:

[0004] First, because the boat-shaped vessel bears the material as a whole and directly withstands the axial thrust of the boat-pushing mechanism, its sidewalls and bottom are under a combined stress state of high temperature, heavy load, and friction for a long time, making it extremely prone to creep and warping deformation. Deformed boat-shaped vessels not only have a significantly shortened service life (usually only usable for a few dozen uses), but also frequently experience boat jamming and blockage, leading to forced furnace shutdowns for cleaning, greatly increasing maintenance costs and the risk of production interruption.

[0005] Secondly, traditional boat-shaped tanks typically involve manually or mechanically spreading the powder directly onto the bottom of the tank, resulting in a relatively thick layer (up to 36mm) and a lack of internal gas flow guidance structures. During the reduction process, reducing gases such as hydrogen can only slowly penetrate downwards from the surface of the powder layer, preventing the oxides in the interior and bottom areas from being fully reduced, leading to a "half-reduction" phenomenon. The reduced powder then becomes severely caking, making subsequent crushing and processing difficult, and the oxygen content of the product is unstable, affecting the quality of the finished product.

[0006] Third, the existing boat and the bottom of the furnace tube are in sliding friction contact, which results in high pushing resistance, severe wear on the bottom of the boat, and the debris generated by the wear easily accumulates on the inner wall of the furnace tube, further aggravating the operating resistance and boat tilting, affecting the stability of pushing the boat and the uniformity of the temperature field.

[0007] To address the aforementioned issues, some improvements have been attempted, such as coating the surface of the boat with an anti-oxidation coating or adding wear-resistant pads to the bottom of the boat. However, these solutions have failed to fundamentally resolve the complex contradictions arising from load-bearing capacity, gas permeation, and frictional losses. Therefore, developing a novel boat structure that can effectively distribute loads, optimize gas distribution, extend service life, and ensure stable operation is of great significance for improving the efficiency of the reduction process and reducing overall production costs. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To solve one of the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] A modular boat-shaped vessel, comprising:

[0010] The boat support has a mounting groove, and the bottom of the mounting groove is evenly distributed with several hollow structures.

[0011] The boat box is placed in the mounting slot and has a load-bearing compartment on it;

[0012] The connector secures the boat box within the mounting slot.

[0013] In the combined boat container, a gas inlet head is movably provided on the side of the boat support, and the end of the gas inlet head away from the boat support is set as an arc-shaped piece. A gas equalization chamber communicating with the gas inlet head is provided inside the boat support, and a gas permeation structure communicating with the gas equalization chamber is provided at the bottom of the boat box.

[0014] The gas uniform chamber is provided in two sets, located at both ends of the gas permeation structure;

[0015] A passive component is installed on the boat support. The passive component is movably connected to the gas inlet pipe head, which is used to move the gas inlet pipe head away from the boat support and connect it to the gas inlet pipe in the furnace.

[0016] In the combined boat-shaped vessel, the passive component includes two outwardly extending bodies that are movably arranged in the gas equalization chamber. One end of each outwardly extending body extends to the outside of the corresponding gas equalization chamber and is connected by a connecting strip. The connecting strip is located on the front side of the boat support, and an adapter groove is provided on the rear side of the boat support. The cross-sectional dimension of the adapter groove is larger than the outer dimension of the connecting strip.

[0017] In the combined boat-shaped vessel, an outward-pushing oblique body is provided on the side of the outward-pushing body facing the air inlet head;

[0018] One end of the air inlet tube extends into the gas equalization chamber and is provided with a movable head on the side facing the outward pusher. A spring body is provided between the movable head and the inner wall of the gas equalization chamber. The spring body is fitted on the outside of the air inlet tube. A pressure-receiving inclined body corresponding to the position of the outward pusher is provided on the movable head.

[0019] The pusher body, connecting bar, movable head, and spring body are all made of nickel-based alloy material.

[0020] In the combined boat-shaped vessel, both the outward-pushing inclined body and the pressure-bearing inclined body have right-angled trapezoidal cross sections;

[0021] The side of the outward-pushing inclined body facing the compressed inclined body is provided with an outward-sloping extrusion surface and a locking surface;

[0022] The side of the compression inclined body facing the outward pushing inclined body is provided with an inclined bearing surface and a constraint surface;

[0023] When the air inlet pipe and the air connector are connected, the locking surface and the constraint surface fit tightly together.

[0024] When the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are separated, the outwardly sloping extrusion surface and the pressure-bearing surface fit together tightly.

[0025] In the combined boat-shaped vessel, the gas permeation structure includes an airflow guide body disposed on the bottom surface of the support chamber and protruding upwards. The area between the airflow guide body and the bottom boat box is the flow guiding area. The airflow guide body is arranged in the width direction of the boat box. Several permeation holes are evenly distributed on the side of the airflow guide body along the length direction.

[0026] The pore size of the permeation pores is 0.1~1mm, and the porosity is 15~30% of the surface area of ​​the airflow guide.

[0027] In the combined boat-shaped vessel, the cross-section of the airflow guide is a V-shaped structure, a C-shaped structure, a U-shaped structure, or a trapezoidal structure.

[0028] The width of the airflow guide is one-third to one-half the thickness of the material layer, and the height of the airflow guide is one-third to one-half the thickness of the material layer.

[0029] In the combined boat-shaped vessel, the side of the arc-shaped plate facing away from the air inlet pipe and the air inlet pipe head are connected by a reinforcing plate, and a high-temperature resistant flexible graphite gasket is provided on the side of the arc-shaped plate facing the air inlet pipe.

[0030] In the combined boat-shaped vessel, a rolling element and a scraper are installed at the bottom of the boat support, and two sets of scrapers are respectively located at the front and rear ends of the boat support.

[0031] A method for using a modular boat-shaped dish includes the following steps:

[0032] Step 1, boat assembly

[0033] Place the boat box in the mounting slot, and install the boat box into the mounting slot from the bottom of the boat support using the connectors to complete the assembly of the boat support and the boat box.

[0034] Step 2, Loading materials

[0035] The raw material is spread in the bearing chamber of the boat box to completely cover the airflow guide to form a material layer, and the thickness of the material layer is controlled to be two to three times that of the airflow guide.

[0036] Step 3, Pushing the Boat

[0037] The boat carrying the material layer is fed into the set position in the furnace under the action of the boat pushing mechanism. The output end of the boat pushing mechanism is placed on the boat support, and the boat support moves on the furnace wall via the rolling body. During the movement, the scraper cleans the moving path.

[0038] When the boat is moved to the set position, the pushing mechanism will directly act on the connecting bar, move the connecting bar relative to the boat support, and drive the outer pushing body to move. The inclined outward extrusion surface of the outer pushing body acts on the inclined bearing surface to move the movable head in the air equalization chamber. The air inlet head moves outward relative to the boat support until it fits against the reserved diversion port on the air inlet pipe. The diameter of the diversion port is one-thirtieth to one-tenth of the air inlet pipe. At this time, the outer pushing body and the pressure-bearing inclined body fit tightly against the locking surface and the constraint surface, completing the position locking of the movable head and the air inlet head. The end of the air inlet head;

[0039] Step 4, material layer penetration

[0040] The reducing gas enters the guiding area through the inlet pipe and the diversion port, and then enters the material layer through the permeation holes to promote the reduction reaction of the raw materials;

[0041] Step 5, unloading

[0042] After restoration, the pusher mechanism acts on the connecting bar, which in turn drives the outer pusher to move outward relative to the moving head, causing the inclined outward extrusion surface to contact the inclined pressure bearing surface. Under the action of the spring body, the air inlet pipe head and the air inlet pipe separate.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0044] 1. This application adopts a separate, modular structure for the boat box and boat support, connected by connectors. When pushed into the furnace, the boat support, which serves as the load-bearing component, only bears the raw material. An installation groove is provided on the boat support, which is fitted to the shape of the boat box. The boat box is then installed in the groove using the connectors, ensuring a proper fit and preventing bending deformation. The perforated structure ensures uniform heating at the bottom of the boat box and reduces the material cost of the boat support.

[0045] 2. This application also takes into account the problem of "half-raw" material thickness in the boat box. Therefore, a gas permeation structure is set in the boat box. For example, an airflow guide is set at the bottom of the boat box. The airflow guide with a specific cross-section is introduced to the bottom of the boat box and, together with the permeation holes on it, the reducing gas is permeated into the material layer to ensure the full reduction of the raw material.

[0046] 3. This application sets up a gas equalization chamber and a gas receiving pipe head on the boat support. The gas equalization chamber connects the gas receiving pipe head and the guide area. After the boat support enters the furnace and is in place, the connecting strip moves inward, and the outer pusher body squeezes the movable head outward, so that the gas receiving pipe head is attached to the pre-reserved diversion port on the gas inlet pipe. The diameter of the diversion port is about one-thirtieth to one-tenth of the gas inlet pipe. This takes into account the problem that the raw material will be dispersed due to excessive flow, while ensuring that the raw material is fully reduced.

[0047] 4. This application employs an outward-pushing inclined body and a pressure-bearing inclined body in cooperation between the movable head and the outward-pushing body. The outward-pushing inclined body has an outward-exploding surface and a locking surface, while the pressure-bearing inclined body has an outward-pressure-bearing surface and a constraint surface. When the air inlet head and the air inlet pipe are connected, the locking surface and the constraint surface fit tightly together, and the air inlet head is locked under the action of the spring, thus completing the air connection for the boat to be in place. When the air inlet head and the air inlet pipe are separated, the outward-exploding inclined surface and the pressure-bearing inclined surface fit tightly together, thus completing the separation and facilitating the entry and removal of the boat.

[0048] 5. This application takes into account the friction that occurs when the boat enters or is removed from the furnace. A rolling element is installed at the bottom of the boat support to achieve rolling contact with the furnace. To avoid obstacles on the movement trajectory, scrapers are provided at both the front and rear ends to clear obstacles on the movement trajectory.

[0049] 6. This application improves the structure's resistance to high-temperature deformation by setting a reinforcing plate on the side of the arc-shaped plate facing away from the intake pipe. At the same time, a high-temperature resistant flexible graphite gasket is set on the side facing the intake pipe (i.e., on the periphery of the diversion port) for end face sealing. This sealing method allows for certain installation errors and thermal expansion, and is far more reliable than the internal sliding fit. Attached Figure Description

[0050] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the combined boat-shaped vessel of this application.

[0051] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the combined boat-shaped vessel of this application.

[0052] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0053] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point B.

[0054] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting strip and the extrapolation body of this application.

[0055] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram showing the relationship between the air inlet head and the movable head in this application.

[0056] Figure 7This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the combined boat-shaped vessel of this application.

[0057] Figure 8 This is a bottom view of the combined boat-shaped vessel of this application.

[0058] Figure 9 This is a top view of the combined boat-shaped vessel of this application.

[0059] Figure 10 This is a structural distribution diagram of the combined boat-shaped vessel in the furnace according to this application.

[0060] In the diagram: 10. Boat support; 101. Rolling element; 102. Scraper; 11. Mounting groove; 12. Hollow structure; 13. Air inlet pipe head; 131. Moving head; 132. Spring body; 133. Pressure-bearing inclined body; 1331. Inclined pressure-bearing surface; 1332. Constraint surface; 14. Arc-shaped piece; 141. Reinforcing plate; 142. Flexible graphite gasket; 15. Air equalization chamber; 16. Passive component; 161. Outward pushing body; 162. Connecting strip; 163. Outward pushing inclined body; 1631. Inclined outward extrusion surface; 1632. Locking surface; 17. Adaptor groove; 20. Boat box; 21. Bearing chamber; 22. Airflow guide body; 23. Infiltration hole; 30. Connector; 40. Air inlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0061] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0062] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0063] Example 1

[0064] like Figure 1 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the combined boat dish mainly includes a boat holder 10, a boat box 20, and a connector 30.

[0065] Among them, the boat support 10 is a rectangular frame structure made of nickel-based alloy (preferably GH3044 or GH4169) by casting or machining. A recessed mounting groove 11 is provided on the upper part. The bottom contour of the mounting groove 11 is adapted to the outer dimensions of the boat box 20 to achieve limiting and stable support in the length and width directions of the boat box 20.

[0066] The bottom of the mounting groove 11 has several hollow structures 12 evenly distributed along its length and width. The hollow structure 12 can be a circular through hole, a strip groove or a honeycomb opening. Its opening ratio is controlled at 30% to 60% of the bottom area of ​​the mounting groove 11 to ensure that the heat in the furnace can be smoothly transferred to the bottom of the boat box 20 through the hollow structure 12, ensuring the uniform heating of the material in the boat box 20, while effectively reducing the overall weight of the boat support 10 and reducing material costs.

[0067] The boat box 20 is an independently formed rectangular groove structure, with an internal support chamber 21 for holding the metal oxide powder. The bottom outer wall of the boat box 20 forms a surface contact fit with the bottom surface of the mounting groove 11, and an expansion gap of 0.5-2mm is left between the side walls of the boat box 20 and the side walls of the mounting groove 11 to accommodate thermal expansion deformation under high temperature. The boat box 20 is also made of a high-temperature resistant and creep-resistant nickel-based alloy, such as GH3044, with a wall thickness of 2-4mm, ensuring both structural strength and thermal conductivity.

[0068] The connector 30 uses a high-temperature resistant bolt or rivet structure, made of GH3044 or GH4169 material. During installation, the connector 30 passes through the pre-drilled bolt hole on the boat support 10 from the bottom and is screwed into the pre-drilled threaded hole on the bottom of the boat box 20, thereby achieving reliable fixation between the boat box 20 and the boat support 10. To further prevent thread seizing or electrochemical corrosion between dissimilar metals at high temperatures, a high-temperature resistant ceramic washer (such as an alumina ceramic washer) is provided between the head of the connector 30 and the bottom surface of the boat support 10.

[0069] In the assembled state, the axial thrust applied by the boat pushing mechanism acts directly on the front end face or bottom force-bearing surface of the boat support 10. The boat support 10, as the main force-bearing component, bears all the pushing load, while the boat box 20 only serves as a material carrying container and no longer bears direct external mechanical thrust. This effectively avoids creep and warping deformation of the boat box 20 under high temperature and heavy load conditions, and greatly extends the overall service life of the boat.

[0070] Example 2

[0071] Based on Example 1, this embodiment further optimizes the gas-assisted reduction function of the combined boat-shaped vessel, making it particularly suitable for material layers with large thickness or high reduction difficulty.

[0072] like Figures 1 to 10The boat support 10 shown has a gas inlet pipe 13 inserted through one side of its side portion. The gas inlet pipe 13 is a hollow tubular structure, and an arc-shaped piece 14 is set at the end of the gas inlet pipe 13 away from the boat support 10. The arc surface of the arc-shaped piece 14 faces the direction of the pre-set gas inlet pipe 40 inside the furnace. Gas equalization chambers 15 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides inside the boat support 10, and one of the gas equalization chambers 15 is connected to the inner end of the gas inlet pipe 13.

[0073] The bottom of the boat box 20 is provided with a gas permeation structure, the two ends of which extend to the left and right walls of the boat box 20 respectively, and maintain gas communication with the gas equalization chambers 15 on both sides.

[0074] Specifically, the gas permeation structure includes an airflow guide 22 that is disposed on the bottom surface of the bearing chamber 21 and protrudes upward. The airflow guide 22 is a long, hollow protruding structure arranged along the width direction of the boat box 20. Its internal hollow area forms a flow guiding area between itself and the bottom surface of the boat box 20. The two ends of the flow guiding area are connected to the gas equalization chambers 15 on the left and right sides, respectively.

[0075] The cross-section of the airflow guide 22 can be any one of a V-shaped, C-shaped, U-shaped, or trapezoidal structure. In this embodiment, a trapezoidal structure is preferred, with the upper base width being smaller than the lower base width. Several rows of permeation holes 23 are evenly distributed along the length of the airflow guide 22 on both inclined surfaces. The pore diameter of the permeation holes 23 is 0.1–1 mm, preferably 0.5 mm; the porosity is 15–30% of the surface area of ​​the airflow guide 22, preferably 20%. This pore diameter and porosity design ensures that the reducing gas can permeate into the material layer uniformly and in sufficient quantity.

[0076] During raw material loading, the powder in the bearing chamber 21 completely covers the airflow guide 22 to form a material layer. The thickness of the material layer is controlled to be two to three times the height of the airflow guide 22. For example, if the height of the airflow guide 22 is 10 mm, the thickness of the material layer is controlled to be 20 to 30 mm. The width of the airflow guide 22 is one-third to one-half of the material layer thickness, and the height is one-third to one-half of the material layer thickness to ensure that the guiding gas can effectively penetrate the entire cross-section of the material layer.

[0077] The boat support 10 is also equipped with a passive component 16, which is used to automatically drive the gas inlet pipe head 13 to extend outward relative to the boat support 10 and achieve a sealed connection with the gas inlet pipe 40 in the furnace after the boat is pushed to the set position in the furnace.

[0078] Specifically, the passive component 16 includes two outwardly extending bodies 161 respectively movably arranged within the left and right gas equalization chambers 15. Each outwardly extending body 161 is a long, rod-shaped structure, with one end extending into the gas equalization chamber 15 and the other end extending through the outer wall of the gas equalization chamber 15 to the outside of the boat support 10. The extended ends of the two outwardly extending bodies 161 are fixedly connected by a transversely arranged connecting strip 162 located on the front side of the boat support 10 (i.e., the front end in the pushing direction). An adapter groove 17 is provided on the rear side of the boat support 10 (i.e., the rear end in the pushing direction). The cross-sectional dimension of the adapter groove 17 is larger than the external dimension of the connecting strip 162, and the position of the adapter groove 17 corresponds to the connecting strip 162 in the front-rear direction. This allows the connecting strip 162 on the front side of the next boat to extend into the adapter groove 17 on the rear side of the previous boat when multiple boats are arranged end-to-end within the furnace tube, achieving a compact arrangement of the boats while avoiding mutual interference.

[0079] The end of the pusher 161 extending into the gas equalization chamber 15 is provided with a pusher slant 163. Correspondingly, the inner end of the air inlet head 13 extends into the gas equalization chamber 15, and its end is provided with a movable head 131. The size of the movable head 131 is larger than the diameter of the air inlet head 13 to prevent the air inlet head 13 from coming out of the through hole in the side wall of the gas equalization chamber 15. On the side of the movable head 131 facing the pusher 161, a pressure-receiving slant 133 corresponding to the position of the pusher slant 163 is provided. A spring body 132 is also provided between the movable head 131 and the inner side wall of the gas equalization chamber 15. The spring body 132 is fitted on the outside of the section of the air inlet head 13 located in the gas equalization chamber 15, with one end abutting against the end face of the movable head 131 and the other end abutting against the inner side wall of the gas equalization chamber 15, and always applying an elastic thrust toward the interior of the gas equalization chamber 15 (i.e., away from the air inlet pipe 40) to the movable head 131.

[0080] Both the outward-pushing inclined body 163 and the compression inclined body 133 have right-angled trapezoidal cross-sections. The outward-pushing inclined body 163, facing the compression inclined body 133, has an inclined outward-extending surface 1631 and a locking surface 1632. The inclined outward-extending surface 1631 is an inclined surface, and the locking surface 1632 is a vertical plane. The compression inclined body 133, facing the outward-pushing inclined body 163, has an inclined bearing surface 1331 and a restraining surface 1332. The inclined bearing surface 1331 is an inclined surface with a slope matching that of the inclined outward-extending surface 1631, and the restraining surface 1332 is a vertical plane.

[0081] After the boat is pushed to the set position in the furnace by the boat pushing mechanism, the output end of the boat pushing mechanism first acts on the boat support 10 to complete the initial positioning of the boat. Then, the auxiliary push rod or the separate driving component of the boat pushing mechanism acts directly on the connecting bar 162, pushing the connecting bar 162 to move towards the rear side of the boat support 10 (i.e., moving backward relative to the boat support 10), driving the outer push body 161 to move backward synchronously in the gas equalization chamber 15. At this time, the inclined outward extrusion surface 1631 of the outer push body 163 comes into contact with the inclined pressure bearing surface 1331 of the pressure-bearing body 133 and produces relative sliding. Under the wedge action of the inclined surface, the movable head 131 is pushed outward, overcoming the elastic force of the spring body 132, and driving the gas inlet head 13 and the arc-shaped plate 14 to move away from the boat support 10 until the arc-shaped plate 14 is tightly attached to the periphery of the pre-reserved diversion port on the gas inlet pipe 40. At this time, the outward-pushing inclined body 163 continues to move forward until the locking surface 1632 and the constraint surface 1332 are tightly fitted together. Under the restoring force of the spring body 132, the locking surface 1632 and the constraint surface 1332 remain pressed and locked, thereby ensuring that the connection between the air inlet head 13 and the air inlet 40 is stable and reliable, and will not be dislodged due to vibration or gas pressure fluctuations.

[0082] The diameter of the branch port reserved on the air inlet pipe 40 is one-thirtieth to one-tenth of the main diameter of the air inlet pipe 40, preferably one-twentieth. This allows a sufficient amount of reducing gas to be introduced into the material layer without blowing away the powder surface due to excessive gas flow. The port of the air inlet pipe 40 that extends into the furnace is open, and all the reducing gas except for the amount flowing out of the branch port is diffused into the furnace space from the port.

[0083] When the reduction reaction is complete and the boat needs to be removed, the boat pushing mechanism acts on the connecting bar 162 again. At this time, the connecting bar 162 is pushed to move towards the front of the boat support 10, causing the outer pusher 161 to move outward relative to the movable head 131 (i.e., move outward towards the gas equalization chamber 15). This causes the inclined outward extrusion surface 1631 to contact and push the inclined pressure bearing surface 1331 again. However, under the action of the spring body 132, the movable head 131 and the gas inlet pipe head 13 retract and reset towards the inside of the gas equalization chamber 15. The arc-shaped plate 14 separates from the gas inlet pipe 40, and the gas inlet pipe head 13 returns to its initial retracted position, making it easy for the boat to be moved out of the furnace tube smoothly.

[0084] To ensure the reliable operation of the above-mentioned moving parts in a high-temperature environment of 800-1100℃, the pusher body 161, connecting bar 162, moving head 131 and spring body 132 are all made of high-temperature resistant nickel-based alloy material, preferably GH4282 or GH4099. This type of alloy has excellent creep resistance and oxidation resistance at high temperatures, and can ensure that it can be repeatedly operated thousands of times without plastic deformation or jamming.

[0085] Furthermore, the side of the arc-shaped plate 14 facing away from the intake pipe 40 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the air inlet head 13 by a reinforcing plate 141. The reinforcing plate 141 has a triangular rib structure, which is used to improve the structural rigidity of the connection between the arc-shaped plate 14 and the air inlet head 13, and prevent the arc-shaped plate 14 from warping and deforming at high temperatures, thus affecting the sealing effect. A high-temperature resistant flexible graphite gasket 142 is embedded on the side of the arc-shaped plate 14 facing the intake pipe 40, which effectively compensates for the installation error and thermal expansion difference between the arc-shaped plate 14 and the intake pipe 40 split port, achieving a reliable end face seal and preventing the leakage of reducing gas.

[0086] Example 3

[0087] This embodiment further optimizes the movement mode and operational stability of the boat within the furnace tube, based on Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2.

[0088] like Figure 7 As shown, multiple sets of rolling elements 101 are installed along the length of the bottom of the boat support 10. The rolling elements 101 are rollers or balls made of high-temperature bearing steel or ceramic material. Their lowest point is lower than the bottom surface of the boat support 10, so that when the boat moves in the furnace tube, the rolling elements 101 form rolling friction contact with the inner wall of the bottom of the furnace tube, which replaces the sliding friction contact in the traditional structure, greatly reduces the pushing resistance, reduces the wear of the bottom of the boat support 10, and avoids the boat from tilting and getting stuck during the movement.

[0089] like Figure 7 As shown, a set of scrapers 102 are fixedly installed at the bottom front and bottom rear of the boat support 10. The scrapers 102 are made of high-temperature resistant stainless steel sheets, and a gap of 0.5 to 1.5 mm is maintained between their lower edges and the bottom surface of the inner wall of the furnace tube. When the boat moves forward, the scraper 102 at the front can remove powder debris or oxide particles accumulated at the bottom of the furnace tube, while the scraper 102 at the rear further cleans the moving path, ensuring that the running trajectory of the rolling element 101 is clean and unobstructed, improving the pushing stability and position repeatability accuracy.

[0090] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, a method of using a modular boat-shaped dish includes the following steps:

[0091] Step 1, boat assembly

[0092] Place the boat box 20 into the mounting slot 11, and install the boat box 20 into the mounting slot 11 from the bottom of the boat support 10 through the connector 30, thus completing the assembly of the boat support 10 and the boat box 20.

[0093] Step 2, Loading materials

[0094] The raw material is spread in the bearing chamber 21 of the boat box 20 to completely cover the airflow guide body 22 to form a material layer, and the thickness of the material layer is controlled to be two to three times that of the airflow guide body 22;

[0095] Step 3, Pushing the Boat

[0096] The boat carrying the material layer is fed into the set position in the furnace under the action of the boat pushing mechanism. The output end of the boat pushing mechanism is placed on the boat support 10. The boat support 10 moves on the furnace wall via the rolling body 101. During the movement, the scraper 102 cleans the moving path.

[0097] When the boat is moved to the set position, the pushing mechanism will directly act on the connecting bar 162, move the connecting bar 162 relative to the boat support 10, and drive the outer push body 161 to move. The inclined outward extrusion surface 1631 of the outer push body 161 acts on the inclined pressure bearing surface 1331 to move the movable head 131 in the air equalization chamber 15. The air inlet head 13 moves outward relative to the boat support 10 until it fits against the reserved diversion port on the air inlet pipe 40. The diameter of the diversion port is one-thirtieth to one-tenth of the air inlet pipe 40. At this time, the outer push body 161 and the pressure-bearing inclined body 133 are tightly fitted by the locking surface 1632 and the constraint surface 1332, completing the position locking of the movable head 131 and the air inlet head 13. The end of the air inlet head 13;

[0098] Step 4, material layer penetration

[0099] The reducing gas enters the guiding area through the inlet pipe 40 and the diversion port, and then enters the material layer through the permeation hole 23 to promote the reduction reaction of the raw materials;

[0100] Step 5, unloading

[0101] After restoration, the pusher mechanism acts on the connecting bar 162, and the connecting bar 162 drives the outer pusher 161 to move outward relative to the movable head 131, so that the inclined outward extrusion surface 1631 contacts the inclined pressure bearing surface 1331, and the air inlet head 13 and the air inlet pipe 40 separate under the action of the spring body 132.

[0102] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. The substitutions may be replacements of some structures, devices, or method steps, or they may be complete technical solutions. Equivalent substitutions or modifications made to the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined boat-shaped vessel, characterized in that, include: Boat support (10), the boat support (10) is provided with a mounting groove (11), and the bottom of the mounting groove (11) is evenly distributed with several hollow structures (12). Boat box (20), the boat box (20) is placed in the mounting slot (11), and the boat box (20) is provided with a bearing compartment (21); Connector (30) secures boat box (20) in mounting slot (11).

2. The combined boat-shaped vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side of the boat support (10) is movably provided with an air inlet head (13), and the end of the air inlet head (13) away from the boat support (10) is provided with an arc-shaped piece (14). The inside of the boat support (10) is provided with an air equalization chamber (15) that communicates with the air inlet head (13). The bottom of the boat box (20) is provided with a gas permeation structure that communicates with the air equalization chamber (15). The gas uniform chamber (15) is provided with two sets located at both ends of the gas permeation structure; A passive component (16) is installed on the boat support (10). The passive component (16) is movably connected to the gas inlet head (13) and is used to drive the gas inlet head (13) away from the boat support (10) and connect it to the gas inlet pipe (40) in the furnace.

3. The combined boat-shaped vessel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The passive component (16) includes two pushers (161) that are movably arranged in the gas equalization chamber (15). One end of each pusher (161) extends to the outside of the corresponding gas equalization chamber (15) and is connected by a connecting strip (162). The connecting strip (162) is located on the front side of the boat support (10). An adapter groove (17) is provided on the rear side of the boat support (10). The cross-sectional dimension of the adapter groove (17) is larger than the outer dimension of the connecting strip (162).

4. A combined boat-shaped vessel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pusher body (161) is provided with a pusher body (163) on the side facing the air inlet head (13). One end of the air inlet head (13) extends into the gas equalization chamber (15) and is provided with a movable head (131) facing the side of the outward push body (161). A spring body (132) is provided between the movable head (131) and the inner wall of the gas equalization chamber (15). The spring body (132) is fitted on the outside of the air inlet head (13). A pressure-receiving inclined body (133) corresponding to the position of the outward push inclined body (163) is provided on the movable head (131). The pusher (161), connecting bar (162), movable head (131) and spring body (132) are all made of nickel-based alloy material.

5. A combined boat-shaped vessel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cross sections of the outwardly pushing inclined body (163) and the compressed inclined body (133) are both right-angled trapezoidal structures; The outward pushing body (163) is provided with an outwardly extruding surface (1631) and a locking surface (1632) on the side facing the compressed body (133). The side of the compression inclined body (133) facing the outward pushing inclined body (163) is provided with an inclined bearing surface (1331) and a constraint surface (1332). When the air inlet pipe (13) and the air inlet pipe (40) are connected, the locking surface (1632) and the constraint surface (1332) are tightly fitted together; When the air inlet pipe (13) and the air inlet pipe (40) are separated, the oblique outward extrusion surface (1631) and the oblique pressure bearing surface (1331) are tightly fitted together.

6. A combined boat-shaped vessel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The gas permeation structure includes an airflow guide (22) that is disposed on the bottom surface of the bearing chamber (21) and protrudes upward. The area between the airflow guide (22) and the bottom boat box (20) is the flow guiding area. The airflow guide (22) is arranged in the width direction of the boat box (20). Several permeation holes (23) are evenly distributed on the side of the airflow guide (22) along the length direction. The pore size of the permeation pore (23) is 0.1~1mm, and the opening ratio is 15~30% of the surface area of ​​the airflow guide (22).

7. A combined boat-shaped vessel according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cross-section of the airflow guide (22) is a V-shaped structure, a C-shaped structure, a U-shaped structure, or a trapezoidal structure; The width of the airflow guide (22) is one-third to one-half the thickness of the material layer, and the height of the airflow guide (22) is one-third to one-half the thickness of the material layer.

8. A combined boat-shaped vessel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The side of the arc-shaped piece (14) facing away from the air inlet pipe (40) and the air inlet pipe head (13) are connected by a reinforcing plate (141). A high-temperature resistant flexible graphite gasket (142) is provided on the side of the arc-shaped piece (14) facing the air inlet pipe (40).

9. A combined boat-shaped vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the boat support (10) is equipped with a rolling element (101) and a scraper (102), and the scraper (102) is provided in two sets located at the front end and rear end of the boat support (10).

10. The method of using the combined boat-shaped vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1, boat assembly Place the boat box (20) in the mounting slot (11), and install the boat box (20) in the mounting slot (11) from the bottom of the boat support (10) through the connector (30) to complete the assembly of the boat support (10) and the boat box (20); Step 2, Loading materials The raw material is spread in the bearing chamber (21) of the boat box (20) to completely cover the airflow guide (22) to form a material layer. The thickness of the material layer is controlled to be two to three times that of the airflow guide (22). Step 3, Pushing the Boat The boat carrying the material layer is fed into the furnace at a set position under the action of the boat pushing mechanism. The output end of the boat pushing mechanism is placed on the boat support (10). The boat support (10) moves on the furnace wall via the rolling body (101). During the movement, the scraper (102) cleans the moving path. When the boat is moved to the set position, the pushing mechanism will directly act on the connecting bar (162) to move the connecting bar (162) relative to the boat support (10), which will drive the outer push body (161) to move. The inclined outward extrusion surface (1631) of the outer push body (161) acts on the inclined pressure bearing surface (1331) to move the movable head (131) in the air equalization chamber (15). The air inlet head (13) moves outward relative to the boat support (10) until it fits against the reserved diversion port on the air inlet pipe (40). The diameter of the diversion port is one-thirtieth to one-tenth of the air inlet pipe (40). At this time, the outer push body (161) and the pressure inclined body (133) fit tightly against the locking surface (1632) and the constraint surface (1332) to complete the position locking of the movable head (131) and the air inlet head (13). The end of the air inlet head (13); Step 4, material layer penetration The reducing gas enters the guiding area through the inlet pipe (40) and the diversion port, and then enters the material layer through the permeation hole (23) to promote the reduction reaction of the raw material; Step 5, unloading After restoration, the pusher mechanism acts on the connecting bar (162), and the connecting bar (162) drives the outer pusher (161) to move outward relative to the movable head (131), so that the inclined outward extrusion surface (1631) contacts the inclined pressure bearing surface (1331), and the air inlet head (13) and the air inlet pipe (40) separate under the action of the spring body (132).

Images