High-efficiency radial telescopic boring cutter based on inner abdominal special-shaped deep hole

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of machining tool technology, and specifically to a high-efficiency radial telescopic boring tool based on an internally irregular deep hole. The tool includes a boring body, a radial telescopic head, an axial push-pull assembly, and a helical fine-tuning mechanism. The boring body has openings on its sidewalls for mounting front and rear positioning guide blocks, providing radial support and guidance. The cross-shaped boring head mounted at the front end of the radial telescopic head can be flexibly replaced according to the characteristics of the machined irregular curved surface. The axial push-pull assembly is inserted into the boring body; during axial push-pull, it can be converted into radial linear telescopic extension via a control key. The helical fine-tuning mechanism consists of front and rear positioning guide blocks and positive and negative threaded screws, used to adapt and adjust the clearance of the radial telescopic head, ensuring optimal feed state of the head, improving tool feed accuracy and stability, and eliminating manufacturing or wear deviations, thus improving tool durability. This invention adopts a modular design, achieving multi-functionality, versatility, and adaptability with a compact structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining tool technology, and in particular to a high-efficiency radial extension boring tool based on an irregularly shaped deep hole in the inner flank. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of mechanical manufacturing, deep hole machining is a challenging machining technology, widely used in aerospace, military, hydraulic, mold, and energy equipment industries. For parts with stepped hole structures, it is often necessary to first machine slender, small-diameter through holes or blind holes, and then machine a larger diameter hole segment at a specific depth within the hole to form valve seats, sealing surfaces, or mounting cavities.

[0003] In the machining process of this type of part, firstly, spatial constraints limit the tool's accessibility. Since the large-diameter hole to be machined is located deep within the already machined small-diameter deep hole, the tool system must first be able to pass through the small-diameter, large-depth guide hole. The diameter of the tool body of traditional standard boring tools or adjustable boring tools is usually larger than the diameter of the guide hole, and they cannot enter the cutting area.

[0004] While integral small-diameter boring bars can penetrate deep holes, they can only machine within a single hole diameter. If a large-diameter cutting tool is directly welded to the end of a small-diameter boring bar, the tool cannot pass through the guide hole, resulting in an "over-positioning" structure.

[0005] Some existing technologies employ an eccentric structure, using a rotating tool to achieve different radii of rotation for the cutting edge. However, such structures suffer from poor dynamic balance during operation, and the adjustment precision is difficult to guarantee. They are also prone to severe vibrations at large length-to-diameter ratios, leading to deterioration of surface quality.

[0006] Therefore, a boring tool device is designed that can smoothly pass through a slender, small-diameter guide hole, and stably and reliably unfold and bore a large-diameter hole after reaching a predetermined depth, while also possessing good rigidity, chip removal capability, and precise radial positioning capability. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is: in order to stably process stepped holes, this invention provides a high-efficiency radial extension boring tool based on an irregular deep hole in the inner abdomen.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: A high-efficiency radial extension boring tool based on an irregular deep hole in the inner abdomen, comprising: A boring bar body, wherein a through opening is provided on the side wall of the boring bar body; A radial telescopic cutter head is disposed within the boring tool body and extends out of the through-hole by moving radially along the boring tool body; An axial push-pull assembly is inserted into the boring bar body and moves along the axial direction of the boring bar body; A helical fine-tuning mechanism is provided, which is connected to the radial telescopic cutter head. The helical fine-tuning mechanism is axially engaged with the radial telescopic cutter head and provides guidance for the radial movement of the radial telescopic cutter head. An axial push-pull assembly is also connected to the radial telescopic cutter head and is used to provide power for the radial feed of the radial telescopic cutter head and control the direction of the radial feed.

[0009] Furthermore, the radial telescopic cutter head is installed in the boring tool body via a cross guide slider. The cross guide slider is slidably connected to the boring tool body along the radial direction of the boring tool body. The axial push-pull assembly includes a control key. A control groove is provided on the cross guide slider. The extension direction of the control groove has an angle with both the axial and radial directions of the boring tool body. The control key is embedded in the control groove and moves along the extension direction of the control groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the boring bar body is provided with a front positioning guide block and a rear positioning guide block. The front positioning guide block and the rear positioning guide block are arranged at both ends of the cross guide slider along the axial direction of the boring bar body. The front positioning guide block and the rear positioning guide block are respectively provided with a first slide groove and a second slide groove on their adjacent sides. The cross guide slider is provided with a first slide bar and a second slide bar on its axial front and rear sides. The first slide bar and the second slide bar are respectively embedded in the first slide groove and the second slide groove and move radially along the boring bar body.

[0011] Furthermore, a tool head fixing cylinder is installed at the bottom of the boring tool body, and the through-hole extends through the bottom end face of the boring tool body.

[0012] Furthermore, the sides of both the front positioning guide block and the rear positioning guide block are located within the opening.

[0013] Furthermore, a limiting step is provided on the front positioning guide block, and the limiting step abuts against the end face of the cutter head fixing cylinder to achieve a transition fit.

[0014] Furthermore, the cutter head fixing cylinder has an inner cavity, and the protruding end of the front positioning guide block is inserted into the inner cavity. The outer diameter of the protruding end of the front positioning guide block inserted into the inner cavity is adapted to the inner diameter of the inner cavity.

[0015] Furthermore, an adjusting and fixing ring is provided between the cutter head fixing cylinder and the boring tool body. The cutter head fixing cylinder and the adjusting and fixing ring are connected to the boring tool body by long screws. After assembly, the adjusting and fixing ring seals the end face of the cutter head fixing cylinder to prevent the groove from opening and deforming. During assembly, this part can be repaired to eliminate manufacturing deviations, adjust the tightness of the front and rear positioning guide blocks, and ensure the smooth and stable sliding of the cross guide slider.

[0016] Furthermore, the front positioning guide block and the rear positioning guide block can move along the axial direction of the boring bar body.

[0017] Furthermore, a positive and negative threaded screw is provided between the front positioning guide block and the rear positioning guide block. The axial direction of the positive and negative threaded screw is arranged along the axial direction of the boring tool body. The two ends of the positive and negative threaded screw are respectively provided with threads of opposite directions. The front positioning guide block and the rear positioning guide block are respectively threaded with the threads at both ends of the positive and negative threaded screw.

[0018] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that, through the cooperation of the control key of the axial push-pull assembly and the control groove inclinedly provided on the cross guide slider, when the axial push-pull assembly moves along the axial direction of the boring tool body, the cross guide slider drives the indexable forming insert in the radially telescopic tool head to move radially along the boring tool body, and the indexable forming insert extends out, so that the boring tool body can penetrate into the small diameter deep hole, and the indexable forming insert extends out to process the large diameter stepped hole.

[0019] The front positioning guide block, the cross guide slider, and the rear positioning guide block can all be modularly disassembled by setting up the cutter head fixing cylinder and the through port.

[0020] During the axial movement of the axial push-pull assembly along the boring bar body, the guide groove on the axial push-pull assembly slides in conjunction with the radial anti-torsion key on the boring bar body to guide the movement of the axial push-pull assembly, preventing rotation of the axial push-pull assembly and twisting between it and the cross guide slider. During the movement of the axial push-pull assembly, which consists of a control groove and a control key, the control key moves along the control groove. Through the inclined control groove, the cross guide slider can slide radially along the boring bar body, allowing the indexable cutting insert to extend out of the opening or retract into the boring bar body. Both the cross guide slider and the indexable cutting insert holder can extend out of the opening.

[0021] Due to insufficient machining precision of parts, the cross guide slider may experience wear during radial sliding. By adjusting the front and rear positioning guide blocks, and by configuring the tool head fixing cylinder, adjusting ring, and other components, the tightness of the engagement between the slider and the front and rear positioning guide blocks can be adjusted. This controls the ease with which the cross guide slider moves radially along the boring tool body, reducing wear during movement. The use of positive and negative threaded screws ensures that as the front positioning guide block moves towards the rear positioning guide block, the rear positioning guide block simultaneously moves towards the front positioning guide block. The positive and negative threaded screws not only adjust the relative distance between the front and rear positioning guide blocks but also fix their relative positions. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-efficiency radial extension boring tool based on the irregular deep hole in the inner abdomen in this invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation relationship between the radial telescopic cutter head and the axial push-pull assembly in this invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the radial telescopic cutter head, axial push-pull assembly, and spiral fine-tuning mechanism in this invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the radial telescopic cutter head in this invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral fine-tuning mechanism in this invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of various types of cross boring heads in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 This is one of the diversified arrangement schemes of guide members and shock-absorbing strips in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 This is the second diversified arrangement scheme of guide components and shock-absorbing strips in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 9 This is the third diversified arrangement scheme of guide components and shock-absorbing strips in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the wear-resistant guide belt in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] In the picture: 1. Boring tool base assembly; 11. Boring tool body; 111. Through port; 112. Receiving groove; 12. Guide bar; 121. Type A guide bar; 122. Type B guide bar; 13. Vibration damping bar; 14. Limit adjustment block; 15. Radial anti-torsion key; 16. Vibration damping block; 2. Radial telescopic cutter head; 21. Indexable forming insert; 22. Cross boring head; 23. Cross guide slider; 231. Positioning groove; 232. Control groove; 24. Pressure plate; 3. Axial push-pull assembly; 31. Control key; 32. Guide rail; 321. Guide groove; 322. Mounting through groove; 33. Push-pull rod; 34. Wear-resistant guide belt; 4. Screw fine-tuning mechanism; 41. Positive and negative thread screw; 42. Front positioning guide block; 421. Limiting step one; 43. Rear positioning guide block; 431. Limiting step two; 5. Adjust the fixing ring; 6. Cutter head retaining sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the invention.

[0035] Example 1 (Preferred Example): like Figures 1-3 , Figure 5 As shown, a high-efficiency radial telescopic boring tool based on an irregular deep hole in the inner abdomen includes a boring tool base assembly 1, a radial telescopic cutting head 2, an axial push-pull assembly 3, a spiral fine-tuning mechanism 4, an adjustment and fixing ring 5, and a cutting head fixing cylinder 6.

[0036] The boring tool base assembly 1 includes a boring tool body 11, an axial push-pull assembly 3 for controlling the spiral fine adjustment mechanism 4 to slide in cooperation with the boring tool body 11 along the axial direction of the boring tool body 11, and a radial telescopic head 2 connected to the spiral fine adjustment mechanism 4 for converting its axial movement into radial telescopic head 2 movement along the radial direction of the boring tool body 11.

[0037] The boring bar body 11 has a cylindrical structure. An axial push-pull assembly 3 is inserted inside the boring bar body 11. The axial push-pull assembly 3 is composed of a push-pull rod 33 at the rear end and a guide rail 32 at the front end, connected by a piston section. The piston section slides within the boring bar body 11. A tool head fixing sleeve 6 is installed at the front end of the boring bar body 11, and an adjusting fixing ring 5 is provided between the tool head fixing sleeve 6 and the boring bar body 11. An end cap, an annular cap, is detachably installed at the rear end of the boring bar body 11. A central hole is formed on the end cap for the push-pull rod 33 to pass through. An installation slot 322 is provided on the guide rail 32 to provide installation space for the radially telescopic tool head 2. Oil cups are fitted on the side walls of the boring bar body 11 to lubricate the corresponding sliding surfaces at any time.

[0038] The radial telescopic tool head 2 includes an indexable forming insert 21, a cross boring head 22, a slide block, and a cross guide slider 23. The cross guide slider 23 is radially slidably disposed inside the boring body 11. The cross boring head 22 is mounted on the end face of the cross guide slider 23 facing the inner side wall of the boring body 11. A through-hole 111 opposite to the cross boring head 22 is provided on the side wall of the boring body 11. A notch for mounting the indexable forming insert 21 is provided on the cross boring head 22. The indexable forming insert 21 is detachably connected to the cross boring head 22 by screws. A pressure plate 24 is also installed on the cross boring head 22 to press on the indexable forming insert 21, further increasing the stability of the indexable forming insert 21.

[0039] The spiral fine-tuning mechanism 4 has two slide blocks located at the front end of the boring bar body 11, which are called the front positioning guide block 42 and the rear positioning guide block 43, respectively. The two sets of slide blocks are located at the front and rear ends of the cross guide slider 23 along the axial direction of the boring bar body 11, respectively, for clamping the cross guide slider 23 and providing guidance for the movement of the cross guide slider 23. Specifically, the rear positioning guide block 43 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the boring tool body 11 along the axial direction of the boring tool body 11. The rear positioning guide block 43 has a second groove radially opened on the front side of the boring tool body 11 facing the tool head fixing cylinder 6. The cross guide slider 23 has a second slide bar on its rear side, which is embedded in the second groove and slides along the length of the second groove. The front positioning guide block 42 is located on the side of the cross guide slider 23 away from the rear positioning guide block 43. The front positioning guide block 42 is located close to the tool head fixing cylinder 6. The rear side of the front positioning guide block 42 has a first groove radially opened on the boring tool body 11 facing the cross guide slider 23. The cross guide slider 23 has a first slide bar, which is embedded in the first groove and slides along the length of the first groove. The first groove and the second groove are parallel to each other, thereby achieving radial guidance of the cross guide slider 23.

[0040] On the side wall of the cross guide slider 23 perpendicular to the plane of the first slider, i.e., on the contact surface between it and the bottom wall of the mounting through groove 322 on the guide rail 32, a control groove 232 is provided. The extension direction of the control groove 232 has an angle with both the axial and radial directions of the boring tool body 11. In this embodiment, the end of the control groove 232 near the tool head fixing cylinder 6 is inclined close to the inner side wall of the boring tool body 11. A control key 31 that mates with the control groove 232 is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the mounting slot 322. The control key 31 is embedded in the control groove 232 and moves along the extension direction of the control groove 232. A guide groove 321 is opened on the side of the guide rail 32 facing the inner wall of the boring tool body 11. The guide groove 321 is arranged along the axial direction of the boring tool body 11 and is arranged on both sides of the guide rail 32 with the mounting slot 322. A radial anti-torsion key 15 is connected to the inner wall of the boring tool body 11. The radial anti-torsion key 15 is embedded in the guide groove 321 and moves along the length direction of the guide groove 321. The radial anti-torsion key 15 limits the movement of the guide rail 32 in the axial direction of the boring tool body 1.

[0041] During the axial movement of the axial push-pull assembly 3 along the boring bar body 11, the radial anti-torsion key 15 and the guide groove 321 provide guidance for the movement of the axial push-pull assembly 3, preventing the axial push-pull assembly 3 from rotating and twisting with the cross guide slider 23. During the movement of the axial push-pull assembly 3, the control key 31 moves along the control groove 232. Through the inclined control groove 232, the cross guide slider 23 can slide along the axial and radial directions of the boring bar body 11. The radial movement allows the indexable forming insert 21 to extend out of the opening 111 or retract into the boring bar body 11. Both the cross guide slider 23 and the cross boring head 22 can extend out of the opening 111.

[0042] It should be noted that the length and tilt angle of the control groove 232 can be adjusted as needed. By replacing the guide rail 32 with control grooves 232 of different specifications, the length of the radial telescopic cutter head 2 extending out of the through-hole 111 can be controlled, thereby adjusting the machining parameters of the large-diameter stepped hole.

[0043] A positive and negative threaded screw 41 is provided between the front positioning guide block 42 and the rear positioning guide block 43. The axial direction of the positive and negative threaded screw 41 is along the axial direction of the boring bar body 11. The two ends of the positive and negative threaded screw 41 are respectively provided with threads in opposite directions. The front positioning guide block 42 and the rear positioning guide block 43 are respectively threaded with the threads at both ends of the positive and negative threaded screw 41, and the ends of the positive and negative threaded screw 41 are tightened with nuts to contact the front positioning guide block 42. Thus, when the front positioning guide block 42 moves toward the rear positioning guide block 43, the rear positioning guide block 43 will also move toward the front positioning guide block 42 synchronously. The positive and negative threaded screw 41 not only serves to adjust the relative distance between the front positioning guide block 42 and the rear positioning guide block 43, but also serves to fix the relative position between the front positioning guide block 42 and the rear positioning guide block 43. It can adapt to the smooth and stable radial movement of the cross guide slider 23, and at the same time, it can eliminate manufacturing and wear deviations, and improve the overall accuracy, reliability and service life of the radial telescopic cutter head 2.

[0044] It should be noted that the through-hole 111 extends axially to penetrate the end face of the boring tool body 11 near the tool head fixing cylinder 6. The sides of the front positioning guide block 42 and the rear positioning guide block 43 are located within the through-hole 111, thus limiting the front positioning guide block 42 and the rear positioning guide block 43 to be non-rotatable within the boring tool body 11. The tool head fixing cylinder 6 has an inner cavity. A protruding end of the front positioning guide block 42 facing away from the cross guide slider 23 is inserted into the inner cavity. The outer diameter of the protruding end of the front positioning guide block 42 inserted into the inner cavity is perpendicular to the inner diameter of the inner cavity. The radial movement of the front positioning guide block 42 is limited by a matching diameter. Both the front positioning guide block 42 and the rear positioning guide block 43 are provided with steps. The front positioning guide block 42 is provided with a limiting step 421, which abuts against the end face of the tool head fixing cylinder 6 facing the boring tool body 11, thereby limiting the axial movement of the front positioning guide block 42. Preferably, the front positioning guide block 42 can be installed on the front end face of the tool head fixing cylinder 6 with screws to prevent its axial movement during use. The rear positioning guide block 43 is also provided with a limiting step 432, which abuts against the side wall of the through-hole 111 away from the tool head fixing cylinder 6.

[0045] With the above structure, after the tool head fixing cylinder 6 is removed from the end of the boring tool body 11, the front positioning guide block 42 and the cross guide slider 23 can be easily removed from the boring tool body 11 for replacement and maintenance.

[0046] It should also be noted that the through-holes 111 can be symmetrically opened on both sides of the boring bar body 11 (this can be used to ensure stress symmetry during machining and ease of operation). In this case, the other side of the front positioning guide block 42 and the rear positioning guide block 43 can both be located within the through-hole 111 on the other side. The unused through-hole 111 can be closed by covering it with a protective cover.

[0047] Furthermore, the tool head fixing cylinder 6 and the adjusting fixing ring 5 are connected to the boring tool body 11 by long screws. It should be noted that after assembly, the adjusting fixing ring 5 seals the slot 111 on the end face of the boring tool body 11 to prevent deformation under stress. During assembly and use, this part can be repaired to eliminate manufacturing deviations and adjust the tightness of the sliding of the front positioning guide block 42 and the rear positioning guide block 43, ensuring smooth and stable sliding of the indexable forming insert 21. The front positioning guide block 42 can compress and deform the adjusting fixing ring 5. By tightening the screws and setting the adjusting fixing ring 5 and the limiting step, the tightness of the engagement between the first slide bar, the second slide bar and the front positioning guide block 42 and the rear positioning guide block 43 can be adjusted, thereby controlling the ease with which the cross guide slider 23 moves radially along the boring tool body 11. It should be noted that the front positioning guide block 42 and the rear positioning guide block 43 can move axially along the boring tool body 11.

[0048] Furthermore, clearance grooves can be provided on the front positioning guide block 42 and the rear positioning guide block 43. When the control key 31 moves to both ends of the control groove 232, the control key 31 can partially enter the clearance groove, thereby expanding the stroke of the control key 31 along the extension direction of the control groove 232, expanding the extent of the extension of the indexable forming insert 21, and expanding the range of hole diameters that can be processed by the high-efficiency radial telescopic boring tool based on the inner abdominal irregular deep hole.

[0049] The outer wall of the boring bar 11 is provided with a guide member consisting of a guide strip 12 and a limit adjustment block 14 that cooperate with each other, which plays a supporting and guiding role. When the boring bar 11 is inserted into the deep hole, the guide member on the outer side of the boring bar 11 abuts against the inner wall of the deep hole. The guide member provides support for the boring bar 11 and maintains the coaxial state between the boring bar 11 and the deep hole.

[0050] Multiple guide members are distributed circumferentially along the outer side wall of the boring bar 1. Each guide member may include multiple guide strips 12 and multiple limiting adjustment blocks 14. A receiving groove 112 is formed on the outer side wall of the boring bar 11. The length direction of the receiving groove 112 is arranged along the axial direction of the boring bar 11. Multiple guide strips 12 are arranged along the axial direction of the boring bar 11, and the guide strips 12 are partially embedded in the receiving groove 112. The limiting adjustment blocks 14 are located between adjacent guide strips 12. Specifically, the side wall of the limiting adjustment block 14 opposite to the guide strip 12 is an adjustment surface. The two adjustment surfaces are close to each other at one end facing the axis of the boring bar 11. The contact surface between the limiting adjustment block 14 and the front and rear guide strips 12 is a straight surface. The guide bar 12 and the limit adjustment block 14 are both connected to the boring bar body 11 by screws. The screws are screwed in radially along the boring bar body 11 to fix the guide bar 12 and the limit adjustment block 14. By replacing the limit adjustment block 14 with a suitable size, the outer diameter of the high-efficiency radial telescopic boring bar based on the inner abdominal irregular deep hole can be adjusted to adapt to deep holes with different inner diameters.

[0051] Multiple damping strips 13 are also connected to the outer wall of the boring bar body 1. The multiple damping strips 13 are distributed along the circumference of the boring bar body 1 and play a role in noise reduction and vibration reduction.

[0052] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the position of the mounting screw can be configured with a sealing washer as needed.

[0053] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

[0054] Example 2: like Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, the rest of the structure in this embodiment is consistent with that in embodiment 1. The difference is that since the cross boring head 22 needs to be strictly matched with the indexable forming insert 21 of the corresponding specification, when replacing the indexable forming insert 21, it is usually necessary to replace the cross boring head 22 and the indexable forming insert 21 as a whole head.

[0055] Specifically, a positioning groove 231 is provided on the side wall of the cross guide slider 23 for mounting the cross boring head 22. The positioning groove 231 is cross-shaped. A cross-shaped positioning block that matches the shape of the positioning groove 231 is integrally formed on the cross boring head 22. The cross-shaped positioning block is inserted into the positioning groove 231. The cross boring head 22 and the cross guide slider 23 are detachably connected together by screws.

[0056] In actual use, the radial telescopic cutter head 2 and the cross boring head 22 can be flexibly replaced according to the shape characteristics of the irregular curved surface, the cutting test results and needs.

[0057] Method ①: Different cross boring heads 22 have different notches for mounting indexable forming inserts 21, thus adapting to different types of indexable forming inserts 21, such as R round, V rhombus 35°, D rhombus 55°, C rhombus 80°, T equilateral triangle 60°, S square 90° indexable forming inserts 21, etc., to achieve the best cutting effect for different roughing and finishing scenarios, different materials and different profiles; Method ②: By changing the arrangement position or tilt angle of the positioning groove 231, positive and negative cutting tools and different main and secondary cutting angles are formed. Under the broaching or push-boring process, the machining of irregular curved surfaces with different positions, directions and shapes on irregular deep holes with a "large belly" in the middle is solved. It realizes one tool with multiple functions and multiple changes, which can be adapted to different machining scenarios. After the tool head is worn or damaged, it can be disassembled and replaced separately, which greatly reduces the tool manufacturing cost, improves the tool durability, and meets the needs of high-efficiency, large-volume continuous production.

[0058] Example 3: like Figures 7-9 As shown, the rest of the structure in this embodiment is consistent with that in embodiment 1, except that the guide and damping strip 13 are flexible, replaceable, and can be arranged in various ways.

[0059] Method ①: Guide strips 12 and damping strips 13 of different specifications and sizes can be flexibly replaced according to the diameter of the bottom hole of the sample being machined, or guide strips 12 and damping strips 13 can be added or removed from the bottom. In principle, after assembly, the depth of the guide strips 12 and damping strips 13 embedded in the boring bar body 11 should not be less than 1 / 3 of the total thickness. This solution can flexibly adapt to different bottom hole machining requirements within a certain range.

[0060] Method ②: Modify the structural shape of the guide bar 12 and the limit adjustment block 14, and adopt a locking clamping type. Each guide component has two types of guide bars 12: type A guide bars 121 located at the front and rear ends of the guide component, and multiple type B guide bars 122 located in the middle of the guide component. The type A guide bars 121 have a beveled side near the limit adjustment block 14, while the type B guide bars 122 have beveled sides. The limit adjustment block 14, acting as a lock, has matching beveled sides at both ends. This scheme achieves axial tension self-locking of the guide bars 12. During operation, the guide bars 12 will not loosen or rotate slightly due to vibration, friction, or torsion, thus preventing scratches on the surface of the parts.

[0061] Method ③: Replace the limit adjustment block 14 with the damping block 16, either partially or entirely, to form an alternating arrangement structure, which can further reduce cutting vibration and improve the surface finish of the workpiece. Within a certain range, it achieves multiple uses and adaptability of a single tool, improving the tool's flexibility and adaptability to the workpiece and cutting performance.

[0062] Example 4: The rest of the structure in this embodiment is consistent with that in embodiment 1. The difference is that after the entire high-efficiency radial telescopic boring tool is assembled and qualified, there are 6 important precision sliding fits (2 horizontal sliding in the radial direction, 1 inclined in the axial direction, and 3 horizontal sliding in the axial direction). In order to avoid adverse phenomena such as material seizing, repeated sliding damage, rapid wear, and heat jamming, the working conditions and wear degree of different parts are comprehensively evaluated to be different (such as impact, vibration, and stress conditions).

[0063] Firstly, the materials used for the components are different, resulting in significant differences in the hardness of the sliding surfaces after heat treatment, and the surface treatment processes are also different. For example, high-frequency quenching or low-temperature descaling treatment can be used on important local surfaces.

[0064] Secondly, at the sliding fit between the axial push-pull assembly 3 and the boring tool body 11, the original embodiment 1 adopted a hard-on-hard sliding pair and opened an annular oil groove and a straight oil groove at the piston position on the axial push-pull assembly 3; for example Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment 4, a hard-to-soft sliding pair is adopted, and a wear-resistant guide strip 34 is provided in the circumferentially opened mounting groove on the surface of the guide rail 32, such as... Figure 10 As shown, the wear-resistant guide belt 34 contacts the boring tool body 11, which greatly reduces the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the boring tool body 11.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency radial telescopic boring tool based on an irregularly shaped deep hole in the inner abdomen, characterized in that, include: A boring bar body (11) is provided with a through opening (111) on its side wall; Radial telescopic cutter head (2), the radial telescopic cutter head (2) is disposed inside the boring tool body (11) and moves radially along the boring tool body (11) until the end protrudes from the through port (111); An axial push-pull assembly (3) is inserted into the boring bar body (11) and moves along the axial direction of the boring bar body (11); The spiral fine-tuning mechanism (4) is set on the axial push-pull assembly (3) and connected to the radial telescopic cutter head (2). The spiral fine-tuning mechanism (4) converts the axial sliding of the axial push-pull assembly (3) along the axial direction of the boring tool body (11) into the radial sliding of the radial telescopic cutter head (2) along the radial direction of the boring tool body (11), thereby controlling the movement of the radial telescopic cutter head (2).

2. The high-efficiency radial telescopic boring tool based on an irregular deep hole in the inner abdomen according to claim 1, characterized in that: The indexable forming insert (21) in the radial telescopic cutter head (2) is installed in the boring bar body (11) via a cross guide slider (23), and the cross guide slider (23) and the boring bar body (11) are slidably connected radially along the boring bar body (11); The radial telescopic cutter head (2) includes a control key (31), and a control groove (232) is provided on the cross guide slider (23). The extension direction of the control groove (232) has an angle with both the axial and radial directions of the boring tool body (11). The control key (31) is connected to the cross guide slider (23), and the control key (31) is embedded in the control groove (232) and moves along the extension direction of the control groove (232).

3. The high-efficiency radial telescopic boring tool based on an irregular deep hole in the inner abdomen according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spiral fine-tuning mechanism (4) is located inside the boring bar body (11) and includes a front positioning guide block (42) and a rear positioning guide block (43). The front positioning guide block (42) and the rear positioning guide block (43) are distributed along the axial direction of the boring bar body (11) at both ends of the cross guide slider (23). The front positioning guide block (42) and the rear positioning guide block (43) are respectively provided with a first slide groove and a second slide groove. The cross guide slider (23) is provided with a first slide bar and a second slide bar. The first slide bar and the second slide bar are respectively embedded in the first slide groove and the second slide groove and move radially along the boring bar body (11).

4. The high-efficiency radial telescopic boring tool based on an irregular deep hole in the inner abdomen according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the boring bar body (11) is equipped with a tool head fixing cylinder (6), and the through port (111) extends through to the end face of the boring bar body (11).

5. The high-efficiency radial telescopic boring tool based on an irregular deep hole in the inner abdomen according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sides of the front positioning guide block (42) and the rear positioning guide block (43) are both located inside the opening (111).

6. The high-efficiency radial telescopic boring tool based on an irregular deep hole in the inner abdomen according to claim 4, characterized in that: The front positioning guide block (42) is provided with a limiting step, and the limiting step is in transition fit with the end face of the cutter head fixing cylinder (6).

7. The high-efficiency radial telescopic boring tool based on an irregular deep hole in the inner abdomen according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cutter head fixing cylinder (6) has an inner cavity, and the protruding end of the front positioning guide block (42) is inserted into the inner cavity. The outer diameter of the protruding end of the front positioning guide block (42) inserted into the inner cavity is adapted to the inner diameter of the inner cavity.

8. The high-efficiency radial telescopic boring tool based on an irregular deep hole in the inner abdomen according to claim 4, characterized in that: An adjusting and fixing ring (5) is provided between the cutter head fixing cylinder (6) and the boring tool body (11). The cutter head fixing cylinder (6) and the adjusting and fixing ring (5) are connected to the boring tool body (11) by long screws.

9. The high-efficiency radial telescopic boring tool based on an irregular deep hole in the inner abdomen according to claim 3, characterized in that: The front positioning guide block (42) and the rear positioning guide block (43) can move along the axial direction of the boring bar body (11).

10. The high-efficiency radial telescopic boring tool based on an irregular deep hole in the inner abdomen according to claim 9, characterized in that: A positive and negative threaded screw (41) is provided between the front positioning guide block (42) and the rear positioning guide block (43). The axial direction of the positive and negative threaded screw (41) is arranged along the axial direction of the boring tool body (11). The two ends of the positive and negative threaded screw (41) are respectively provided with threads of opposite directions. The front positioning guide block (42) and the rear positioning guide block (43) are respectively threaded with the threads at both ends of the positive and negative threaded screw (41).

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