An automobile parts machining device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of automotive parts processing and discloses an automotive parts machining apparatus, including a base, a placement seat slidably mounted on the base, a placement seat drive assembly connected to the placement seat, two clamping plates slidably mounted on the placement seat, and clamping plate drive assemblies connected to the clamping plates. Pre-drilling position proximity switches and final drilling position proximity switches are provided on both sides of the base. Induction plates cooperating with the pre-drilling position proximity switches and final drilling position proximity switches are provided on the side of the placement seat. The pre-drilling position proximity switches and final drilling position proximity switches are electrically connected to a controller, which is electrically connected to the placement seat drive assembly. A pre-drilling position positioning assembly and a final drilling position positioning assembly are provided on the base. A pre-drilling bit assembly and a final drilling bit assembly are provided above the placement seat. Both the pre-drilling bit assembly and the final drilling bit assembly include guide sleeves, with guide blocks slidably connected within the guide sleeves, and the guide blocks rotatably connected to the drill bit. This invention solves the problems of low efficiency and the need for re-clamping affecting accuracy in the prior art when performing two-step pre-drilling and final drilling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive parts processing, and more specifically to an automotive parts machining apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] In the drilling process of automotive parts, in order to ensure the accuracy of the hole position and prevent eccentric vibration when the drill bit cuts into the blank, a two-step processing technology of pre-drilling for centering and final drilling for forming is usually adopted.

[0003] Currently, there are two main methods for pre-drilling and final drilling: The first is single-spindle machining center tool changing, where the workpiece is clamped and fixed at once, and the center drill and finished drill bits are changed sequentially to complete the pre-drilling and final drilling of all holes; however, this method requires frequent tool changes, resulting in a long production cycle and low batch processing efficiency. The second method is dual-station machining, where the pre-drilling and final drilling processes are arranged at two independent stations; after the workpiece completes the pre-drilling, it needs to be removed from the pre-drilling station and re-clamped and positioned at the final drilling station. This method requires the workpiece to be clamped twice, and the two clampings inevitably introduce positioning errors, which can easily cause the pre-drilled and final drilled holes to be misaligned, reducing the machining accuracy of the finished holes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a machining apparatus for automotive parts to solve the problems of low efficiency and the need for reclamping that affect accuracy when performing two-step machining of pre-drilling and final drilling in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A machining apparatus for automotive parts includes a base, a placement seat slidably disposed on the base, a placement seat drive assembly connected to the placement seat, two clamping plates slidably disposed on the placement seat and arranged opposite to each other, and clamping plates drive assemblies connected to the clamping plates, pre-drilling position proximity switches and final drilling position proximity switches disposed on both sides of the base, a sensing element cooperating with the pre-drilling position proximity switches and final drilling position proximity switches disposed on the side of the placement seat, the pre-drilling position proximity switches and final drilling position proximity switches electrically connected to a controller, the controller being electrically connected to the placement seat drive assembly; a pre-drilling position positioning assembly and a final drilling position positioning assembly disposed on the base, a pre-drilling bit assembly and a final drilling bit assembly disposed above the placement seat, both the pre-drilling bit assembly and the final drilling bit assembly including a guide sleeve for guiding the drill bit, a guide block slidably connected inside the guide sleeve, and the guide block being rotatably connected to the drill bit.

[0006] Preferably, as an improvement, the pre-drilling position positioning component and the final drilling position positioning component have the same structure, both including four positioning pins. The four positioning pins are arranged in pairs on both sides of the base. The two positioning pins on the same side are connected by a first connecting rod. The two first connecting rods are connected by a second connecting rod. A positioning cylinder is provided at the bottom of the second connecting rod. A guide hole is provided on the base. The positioning pin is slidably connected in the guide hole. A guide cone is provided at the top of the positioning pin. Positioning pin holes for the positioning pin to be inserted are provided at the four corners of the placement seat.

[0007] Preferably, as an improvement, an annular piston is slidably arranged inside the guide sleeve, the guide block is connected to the piston, and an inclined air outlet is provided at the bottom of the guide sleeve.

[0008] Preferably, as an improvement, the piston is vertically provided with an outer vertical rod at the top, and the guide block is vertically provided with an inner vertical rod at the top, with the outer and inner vertical rods connected by a connecting plate at their tops.

[0009] Preferably, as an improvement, a dust cover is provided on the outer side of the bottom of the guide sleeve, the guide sleeve is slidably mounted on the frame, the guide sleeve is connected to a lifting cylinder for driving its lifting and lowering, a chip discharge pipe is connected to the side wall of the dust cover, the chip discharge pipe is connected to a dust collection bag, and the dust collection bag is connected to a negative pressure suction machine.

[0010] Preferably, as an improvement, the placement seat drive assembly includes a placement seat drive motor and a placement seat drive screw. The placement seat drive motor is electrically connected to the controller. One end of the placement seat drive screw is connected to the output shaft of the placement seat drive motor. A placement seat drive nut is threaded onto the placement seat drive screw. A placement seat drive sleeve is rotatably connected to the placement seat drive nut. The placement seat drive sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom of the placement seat.

[0011] Preferably, as an improvement, the clamping plate drive assembly includes a clamping plate drive motor and a clamping plate drive screw. One end of the clamping plate drive screw is connected to the output shaft of the clamping plate drive motor. The clamping plate drive screw has a forward thread and a reverse thread with opposite directions of rotation on both sides, with the center as the reference. A clamping plate drive nut is threaded onto both the forward thread and the reverse thread. A clamping plate drive sleeve is rotatably connected to the clamping plate drive nut. The two clamping plate drive sleeves are fixedly connected to the two clamping plates respectively.

[0012] The principles and beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: 1. Place the workpiece on the placement seat, and the workpiece is clamped by two sets of clamping plates. The placement seat moves along the base under the drive of the placement seat drive assembly, switching between the pre-drilling station and the final drilling station. It works in sequence with the pre-drilling bit assembly and the final drilling bit assembly to continuously complete the pre-drilling and final drilling processes. There is no need to change tools or disassemble and clamp the workpiece again. The processing efficiency is high and the positioning error caused by secondary clamping can be effectively eliminated.

[0013] 2. Guide sleeves are provided on the outer side of the drill bits in both the pre-drilling assembly and the final drilling assembly; guide blocks are rotatably mounted on the drill bit, and the guide blocks are slidably installed inside the guide sleeves. The guide blocks and guide sleeves work together to guide and limit the drill bit's lifting and lowering movements, effectively constraining the radial offset of the drill bit, improving the stability of the drill bit's feed motion, suppressing vibrations during drilling, thereby reducing the risk of hole eccentricity and improving drilling accuracy.

[0014] 3. An annular piston is installed inside the guide sleeve, and an inner vertical rod is installed on the top of the guide block, while an outer vertical rod is installed on the top of the piston; the two are connected. When the drill bit feeds downwards to drill, it drives the guide block to move downwards synchronously, which in turn drives the annular piston downwards, compressing the gas in the guide sleeve cavity. The gas is then ejected outwards through an inclined air nozzle, which is directed towards the drill bit to blow it clean, assisting in chip removal. At the same time, it blows out the waste chips inside the hole, which can significantly reduce the impact of chip residue on hole machining accuracy.

[0015] 4. A dust cover is installed at the bottom of the guide sleeve. During drilling operations, the dust cover is pressed tightly against the workpiece surface, sealing the drill bit and the machining hole within the dust cover's inner cavity, preventing chips from splashing and scattering onto the base, lead screw, and other transmission components. Combined with the air blowing function of the guide sleeve and an external negative pressure suction mechanism, a directional airflow can be formed within the dust cover's inner cavity, directionally sucking out the drilling debris from the chip removal pipe on the side wall of the dust cover.

[0016] 5. A pre-drilling position proximity switch and a final drilling position proximity switch are respectively installed on the base, and a sensor is installed on the placement seat. When the placement seat moves to the pre-drilling position or the final drilling position, the sensor triggers the corresponding proximity switch, sends a position signal to the controller, and the controller controls the placement seat drive motor to stop feeding, realizing the initial positioning detection of the placement seat.

[0017] The pre-drilling position positioning assembly and the final drilling position positioning assembly adopt a positioning pin positioning structure: the base is equipped with four positioning pins. After the placement seat is in place, the four positioning pins are inserted upwards into the corresponding positioning pin holes at the four corners of the placement seat to achieve locking and positioning of the placement seat. The four positioning pins are rigidly linked through the first and second connecting rods, and the overall lifting and lowering is uniformly driven by the positioning cylinder to ensure that the four positioning pins are inserted into the pin holes synchronously, ensuring the stability and consistency of positioning and avoiding single-point lifting or jamming. The top of the positioning pin is provided with a guide cone surface, so that the linkage assembly composed of the four positioning pins has a slight floating capability, which can compensate for the positional errors caused by the pin hole machining and assembly; the four-pin linkage structure ensures that the relative positions between the four positioning pins remain unchanged during the floating process, ensuring synchronous positioning at the four corners and avoiding single-point jamming.

[0018] 6. The clamping plate drive motor drives the clamping plate drive screw to rotate. The screw has a forward thread section and a reverse thread section with opposite directions of rotation. The two thread sections are respectively equipped with clamping plate drive nuts. When the screw rotates, the two sets of nuts drive the clamping plate drive sleeve to move synchronously in opposite directions, driving the two clamping plates to move closer or separate synchronously, realizing automatic centering and clamping of the workpiece, ensuring the stability of the workpiece center position, and avoiding workpiece skewing. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a partial top view of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the instruction manual include: base 1, placement seat 2, placement seat drive motor 3, placement seat drive screw 4, pre-drilling position proximity switch 5, final drilling position proximity switch 6, positioning pin 7, guide hole 8, first connecting rod 9, second connecting rod 10, positioning cylinder 11, positioning pin hole 12, clamping plate 13, clamping plate drive motor 14, clamping plate drive screw 15, forward thread 16, reverse thread 17, guide rod 18, pre-drilling bit 19, pre-drilling motor 20, pre-drilling cylinder 21, final drilling bit 22, final drilling motor 23, final drilling cylinder 24, guide sleeve 25, lifting cylinder 26, guide block 27, piston 28, inner vertical rod 29, connecting plate 30, connecting frame 31, dust cover 32, outer vertical rod 33. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0023] Example 1 like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an automotive parts machining device includes a base 1. A placement seat 2 is slidably mounted on the base 1 via a slide rail and a slider. The placement seat 2 is connected to a placement seat drive assembly, which drives the placement seat 2 to move on the base 1. The placement seat drive assembly includes a placement seat drive motor 3 and a placement seat drive screw 4. The placement seat drive motor 3 is mounted on the base 1. One end of the placement seat drive screw 4 is keyed to the output shaft of the placement seat drive motor 3. A placement seat drive nut is threaded onto the placement seat drive screw 4. A placement seat drive sleeve is rotatably connected to the placement seat drive nut and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the placement seat 2.

[0024] The base 1 has a pre-drilling position proximity switch 5 and a final drilling position proximity switch 6 on both sides. The side of the placement seat 2 has a sensing plate that cooperates with the pre-drilling position proximity switches 5 and 6. The pre-drilling position proximity switches 5 and 6 are electrically connected to a controller, which is electrically connected to the placement seat drive motor 3. The base 1 is equipped with a pre-drilling position positioning component and a final drilling position positioning component. The pre-drilling position positioning component and the final drilling position positioning component have the same structure, each including four positioning pins 7. The four positioning pins 7 are slidably installed in pairs in the guide holes 8 on both sides of the base 1. The two positioning pins 7 on the same side are connected by a first connecting rod 9. The two first connecting rods 9 are connected by a second connecting rod 10. A positioning cylinder 11 is installed below the second connecting rod 10. The output shaft of the positioning cylinder 11 is hinged to the bottom of the second connecting rod 10. The four corners of the placement seat 2 have positioning pin holes 12 for the positioning pins 7 to be inserted. The top of the positioning pin 7 is integrally formed with a guide cone. The positioning pin 7 has a slight floating space in the guide hole 8. The first connecting rod 9 and the second connecting rod 10 are installed in the installation space in the base 1.

[0025] Two clamping plates 13 are slidably mounted on the placement base 2, and the two clamping plates 13 are arranged opposite each other. The clamping plates 13 are connected to a clamping plate driving assembly, which is used to drive the two clamping plates 13 to move synchronously towards or away from each other. The clamping plate driving assembly includes a clamping plate driving motor 14 and a clamping plate driving screw 15. One end of the clamping plate driving screw 15 is keyed to the output shaft of the clamping plate driving motor 14. With the center as the reference, the clamping plate driving screw 15 is provided with a forward thread 16 and a reverse thread 17 with opposite directions of rotation on both sides. A clamping plate driving nut is threadedly connected to both the forward thread 16 and the reverse thread 17. The clamping plate driving nut is rotatably connected to a clamping plate driving sleeve. The clamping plate driving screw 15 is located on one side of the two clamping plates 13, and the two clamping plate driving sleeves are fixedly connected to the two clamping plates 13 respectively. A guide rod 18 is provided on the other side of the two clamping plates 13, and the clamping plates 13 are slidably connected to the guide rod 18.

[0026] A pre-drilling bit assembly and a final drilling bit assembly are mounted on top of the mounting base 2. The pre-drilling bit assembly includes a pre-drilling bit 19, and a pre-drilling motor 20 is mounted on top of the pre-drilling bit 19. The output shaft of the pre-drilling motor 20 is keyed to the top of the pre-drilling bit 19. A pre-drilling cylinder 21 is mounted on top of the pre-drilling motor 20, and the output shaft of the pre-drilling cylinder 21 is fixedly connected to the top of the pre-drilling motor 20. The final drilling bit assembly includes a final drilling bit 22, and a final drilling motor 23 is mounted on top of the final drilling bit 22. The output shaft of the final drilling motor 23 is keyed to the top of the final drilling bit 22. A final drilling cylinder 24 is mounted on top of the final drilling motor 23, and the output shaft of the final drilling cylinder 24 is fixedly connected to the top of the final drilling motor 23.

[0027] Both the pre-drilling bit assembly and the final drilling bit assembly include a guide sleeve 25 for guiding the drill bit. The pre-drilling bit 19 and the final drilling bit 22 are connected to the guide sleeve 25 in the same way. This embodiment takes the pre-drilling bit assembly as an example. The guide sleeve 25 is slidably mounted on the frame. A connecting frame 31 is fixedly connected to the side of the guide sleeve 25. A lifting cylinder 26 for driving its lifting and lowering is connected to the top of the connecting frame 31. A guide block 27 is slidably connected inside the guide sleeve 25. An annular piston 28 is slidably connected inside the guide sleeve 25. At least two peripheral vertical rods 33 are vertically fixed to the top of the piston 28. The peripheral vertical rods 33 are symmetrically arranged. Inner vertical rods 29 are vertically fixed to both sides of the top of the guide block 27. The tops of the peripheral vertical rods 33 and the inner vertical rods 29 are connected by a connecting plate 30. The pre-drilling motor 20 is mounted on the connecting plate 30. The top of the pre-drilling bit 19 passes through the guide block 27 and is keyed to the output shaft of the pre-drilling motor 20. The pre-drilling bit 19 is rotatably connected to the guide block 27. The bottom of the guide sleeve 25 is provided with several inclined air nozzles, which blow air towards the drill bit. The inclined air nozzles are evenly distributed in a ring. A dust cover 32 is glued to the outer side of the bottom of the guide sleeve 25. The bottom of the dust cover 32 is provided with an elastic edge, which is made of high-temperature resistant rubber. A chip removal pipe is connected to the side wall of the dust cover 32, which is connected to a dust collection bag. The dust collection bag is connected to a negative pressure suction machine.

[0028] Working principle: The workpiece is placed flat on the placement seat 2. The clamping plate drive motor 14 drives the clamping plate drive screw 15 to rotate. The forward thread 16 and the reverse thread 17 on the clamping plate drive screw 15 drive the two clamping plates 13 to drive the nuts to rotate in opposite directions. The clamping plates 13 drive the nuts to drive the two clamping plates 13 to drive the two clamping plates 13 to drive the sliding sleeves to drive the two clamping plates 13 to slide synchronously in the forward direction along the screw, clamping the workpiece and completing the positioning of the workpiece.

[0029] The placement seat drive motor 3 drives the placement seat drive screw 4 to rotate, which in turn drives the placement seat drive nut to rotate. This, in turn, causes the placement seat 2 to slide along the screw via the placement seat 2 drive sleeve, allowing the placement seat 2 to move on the base 1. When the placement seat 2 moves to the pre-drilling position, the pre-drilling position proximity switch 5 detects the sensing element on the placement seat 2 and sends a signal to the controller. The controller then stops the placement seat drive motor 3, and the placement seat 2 stops at the pre-drilling position. Subsequently, the controller controls the positioning cylinder 11 of the pre-drilling position to drive the second connecting rod 10, the first connecting rod 9, and the four positioning pins 7 to rise as a whole, simultaneously inserting the four positioning pins 7 into the four positioning pin holes 12 on the placement seat 2, thus completing the positioning of the placement seat 2.

[0030] The pre-drilling motor 20 is started, driving the pre-drilling bit 19 to rotate. Simultaneously, the pre-drilling cylinder 21 drives the pre-drilling bit 19 to descend, pre-drilling the workpiece to establish a reference for the final drilling and reduce deviations in the final drilling. Similarly, when the placement seat 2 moves to the final drilling position, the controller stops the placement seat 2 and controls the positioning pin 7 of the final drilling position to insert into the positioning pin hole 12 of the placement seat 2 to position the placement seat 2. Then, the controller controls the final drilling bit 22 to perform the final drilling on the workpiece. During both pre-drilling and final drilling, the drill bit slides within the guide sleeve 25 through the guide block 27 connected to it, guiding the descent of the drill bit, improving the stability of the drill bit, and further avoiding drilling deviations.

[0031] In addition, during drilling, the guide sleeve 25 descends, and its bottom dust cover 32 covers the workpiece. The drill bit and the hole are covered inside the dust cover 32, which can effectively prevent waste chips from flying everywhere. Furthermore, when the guide block 27 moves down inside the guide sleeve 25, it drives the piston 28 inside the guide sleeve 25 to press down through the inner vertical rod 29, the connecting plate 30, and the outer vertical rod 33. The gas inside the guide sleeve 25 is blown out from the inclined air outlet at the bottom. The air blown out from the inclined air outlet blows towards the drill bit, which can help the drill bit remove chips. At the same time, it can blow out the waste chips in the drill hole. All the blown-out waste chips are covered inside the dust cover 32. With the negative pressure suction of the external negative pressure suction machine, they are sucked from the chip removal pipe into the dust collection bag, completing the chip removal.

[0032] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge such as specific technical solutions and / or characteristics are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solutions of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A machining apparatus for automotive parts, characterized in that: The system includes a base, on which a placement seat is slidably mounted. The placement seat is connected to a placement seat drive assembly. Two clamping plates are slidably mounted on the placement seat, facing each other. The clamping plates are connected to a clamping plate drive assembly. Pre-drilling position proximity switches and final drilling position proximity switches are mounted on both sides of the base. A sensing element that cooperates with the pre-drilling position proximity switches and final drilling position proximity switches is mounted on the side of the placement seat. The pre-drilling position proximity switches and final drilling position proximity switches are electrically connected to a controller, which is electrically connected to the placement seat drive assembly. A pre-drilling position positioning assembly and a final drilling position positioning assembly are mounted on the base. A pre-drilling bit assembly and a final drilling bit assembly are mounted above the placement seat. Both the pre-drilling bit assembly and the final drilling bit assembly include a guide sleeve for guiding the drill bit. A guide block is slidably connected inside the guide sleeve and is rotatably connected to the drill bit.

2. The machining apparatus for automotive parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-drilling position positioning component and the final drilling position positioning component have the same structure, both including four positioning pins. The four positioning pins are arranged in pairs on both sides of the base. The two positioning pins on the same side are connected by a first connecting rod. The two first connecting rods are connected by a second connecting rod. A positioning cylinder is provided at the bottom of the second connecting rod. A guide hole is provided on the base. The positioning pin is slidably connected in the guide hole. A guide cone is provided at the top of the positioning pin. Positioning pin holes for the positioning pin to be inserted are provided at the four corners of the placement seat.

3. The machining apparatus for automotive parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: An annular piston is slidably installed inside the guide sleeve, the guide block is connected to the piston, and an inclined air outlet is provided at the bottom of the guide sleeve.

4. The machining apparatus for automotive parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The piston has an outer vertical rod at its top, and the guide block has an inner vertical rod at its top. The outer and inner vertical rods are connected by a connecting plate.

5. The machining apparatus for automotive parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: A dust cover is provided on the outer bottom of the guide sleeve. The guide sleeve is slidably mounted on the frame. The guide sleeve is connected to a lifting cylinder for driving its lifting and lowering. A chip removal pipe is connected to the side wall of the dust cover. The chip removal pipe is connected to a dust collection bag. The dust collection bag is connected to a negative pressure suction machine.

6. The machining apparatus for automotive parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The placement seat drive assembly includes a placement seat drive motor and a placement seat drive screw. The placement seat drive motor is electrically connected to the controller. One end of the placement seat drive screw is connected to the output shaft of the placement seat drive motor. A placement seat drive nut is threaded onto the placement seat drive screw. A placement seat drive sleeve is rotatably connected to the placement seat drive nut. The placement seat drive sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom of the placement seat.

7. The machining apparatus for automotive parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The clamping plate drive assembly includes a clamping plate drive motor and a clamping plate drive screw. One end of the clamping plate drive screw is connected to the output shaft of the clamping plate drive motor. The clamping plate drive screw has a forward thread and a reverse thread with opposite directions on both sides with the center as the reference. A clamping plate drive nut is threaded onto both the forward thread and the reverse thread. The clamping plate drive nut is rotatably connected to a clamping plate drive sleeve. The two clamping plate drive sleeves are fixedly connected to the two clamping plates respectively.

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