A plate shearing machine

Abstract

This invention discloses a shearing machine, including a frame, a drive roller, a shearing assembly, a limiting assembly, a positioning assembly, a locking assembly, and a pressing assembly. The shearing machine utilizes the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the drive roller as the locking power source. Through the sliding wedging engagement of the first and second active wedge surfaces on the pressing slider with the first and second passive wedge surfaces respectively located inside the cutter holder and the limiting seat, the radial centrifugal thrust is converted into a pressing force, driving the cutter holder to axially abut against the first and second limiting seats on both sides. Combined with the insert-fitting locking rod and locking hole, a double axial limiting is formed to ensure that no relative displacement occurs between the cutter holder and the first and second limiting seats under high-speed shearing conditions. This prevents the cutter holder from colliding with the first and second limiting seats during shearing, thus avoiding wear and effectively extending the service life of the equipment. Simultaneously, it prevents axial movement of the cutter holder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal can processing technology, specifically to a shearing machine. Background Technology

[0002] In the production process of metal tanks, the metal sheets, which are the main raw materials, need to be cut to length by a shearing machine during processing.

[0003] In existing shearing machine technologies, the adjustment methods for the spacing of the disc cutters generally suffer from poor flexibility and cumbersome operation. For example, some machines require the entire cutter shaft and disc cutters to be disassembled and then reinstalled and positioned using bolts and other tools when the shearing width needs to be changed. This method is time-consuming and labor-intensive, severely impacting production efficiency. Other technologies use threads and springs on the rotating shaft, and the springs are compressed or stretched by rotating the adjustment mechanism, thereby causing the cutter disc to slide and adjust the spacing. Although this method achieves adjustable spacing, its adjustment accuracy and stability still need improvement, and it is difficult to meet the needs of rapid production changeover.

[0004] Furthermore, during the shearing process, clearances inevitably exist between the cutter holder and the guide rail, and between the cutter holder and the limit seat. Under high-speed shearing conditions, these clearances can cause axial movement or radial wobble of the cutter holder, resulting not only in uneven force on the cutter and accelerated wear, but also severely affecting the flatness of the cut and the shearing accuracy. Although existing technologies have attempted to lock the cutter holder using hydraulic or pneumatic components, these external systems are complex in structure, costly, and prone to failure. Moreover, even when using pins or locking rods for axial positioning of the cutter holder, assembly clearances inevitably remain between the cutter holder and the limit seat, and between the cutter holder and the guide rail. These clearances cannot be adaptively eliminated under high-speed conditions and will still cause cutter holder movement and wear.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a shearing device that can quickly and accurately adjust the disc blade spacing without disassembling the blades, and can eliminate mechanical backlash and ensure shearing stability during high-speed operation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a shearing machine that can eliminate the mechanical backlash of the blade holder and prevent axial movement or radial wobbling of the blade holder during the shearing process.

[0007] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A shearing machine, comprising: Frame; A drive roller is rotatably mounted on the frame. The surface of the drive roller is provided with a plurality of receiving grooves, a plurality of guide rails and a plurality of locking holes. The guide rails extend along the axial direction of the drive roller and are evenly arranged along the circumference of the drive roller. The receiving grooves and locking holes are evenly arranged along the axial direction of the drive roller. The receiving grooves are composed of a plurality of receiving grooves evenly arranged along the circumference of the drive roller. The shearing assembly includes a blade holder and a cutter. The blade holder is sleeved on the outside of the drive roller, and the cutter is mounted on the blade holder. The inner side of the blade holder is provided with a first passive wedge surface and a first guide groove that is slidably connected to the guide rail. The limiting assembly includes a first limiting seat and a second limiting seat respectively disposed on both sides of the tool holder. The first limiting seat and the second limiting seat are sleeved on the outside of the drive roller. The inner side of the first limiting seat is provided with a second passive wedge surface and a second guide groove. The inner side of the second limiting seat is provided with a third guide groove. The second guide groove and the third guide groove are slidably connected to the guide rail. The positioning component includes a locking rod. The first limiting seat and the second limiting seat have through mounting holes. One end of the locking rod passes through the mounting hole and is inserted into the locking hole, and the other end forms an operating part. A locking assembly includes a pressing slider and an elastic element. The elastic element is installed in the receiving groove and is adapted to provide a radially inward elastic force to the pressing slider. The pressing slider is slidably installed in the receiving groove and is adapted to partially extend out of the receiving groove under the action of centrifugal force. The portion of the pressing slider extending out of the receiving groove forms a first active wedge surface and a second active wedge surface. The first active wedge surface is adapted to abut against the first passive wedge surface to drive the tool holder to abut against the guide rail. The second active wedge surface is adapted to abut against the second passive wedge surface to drive a first limiting seat to abut against the second limiting seat. A clamping assembly is mounted on the frame and located above the drive roller, the clamping assembly being adapted to abut the sheet material to be sheared against the cutter.

[0008] Furthermore, the first active wedge surface and the second active wedge surface are radially outwardly tapering.

[0009] Furthermore, the first active wedge surface and the second active wedge surface form an acute angle with the radial movement direction of the abutting slider, and the included angle is less than 30°.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a pressing roller and two auxiliary rollers. The pressing roller and the two auxiliary rollers are mounted on the frame and are both located above the driving roller and parallel to the driving roller. The two auxiliary rollers are symmetrically arranged. The pressing roller is located at the center of symmetry of the two auxiliary rollers and is higher than the two auxiliary rollers in the vertical direction. The pressing assembly includes a drive wheel, two fixed plates, two auxiliary wheels, and two pressure belts. The two fixed plates are arranged opposite each other with a gap. The drive wheel is disposed between the two fixed plates and sleeved on the pressing roller. The two auxiliary wheels are disposed between the two fixed plates and respectively sleeved on the two auxiliary rollers. The two fixed plates are adapted to drive the pressing assembly to move along the axial direction of the pressing roller. The two pressure belts are wound between the drive wheel and the two auxiliary wheels, and a gap is formed between the two pressure belts. The gap is located directly above the cutter, and the width of the gap is greater than or equal to the thickness of the cutter, so as to avoid the cutter when the pressure belts press the material to be cut against the cutting assembly.

[0011] Furthermore, a baffle is installed in the middle of the driving wheel and the two auxiliary wheels. The baffle is adapted to separate the two pressure belts wrapped around the driving wheel and the two auxiliary wheels to form the gap.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a drive assembly, which includes a drive motor and a transmission belt. One end of the drive roller extends out of the frame and forms a power input end. The drive motor is connected to the power input end via the transmission belt.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a traction assembly, which includes a lower traction roller disposed at both ends of the drive roller and rotatably connected to the frame, an upper traction roller disposed above the lower traction roller, sliders disposed at both ends of the upper traction roller, a slide block mounted on the frame and slidably connected to the slider, and a traction motor mounted on the frame. The drive end of the traction motor is connected to the slider via a lead screw to drive the slider to slide along the slide block. The upper traction roller is rotatably connected to the slider.

[0014] Furthermore, a mounting base is formed at the bottom end of the pressing slider, and the side of the mounting base fits against the inner wall of the receiving groove to provide guidance for the pressing slider when it slides in the receiving groove.

[0015] Furthermore, the positioning component also includes a locking pin, which is disposed on the side of the first limiting seat and the second limiting seat opposite to the tool holder. The first limiting seat and the second limiting seat have pin holes for the locking pin to pass through, and one end of the locking pin passes through the pin hole and is inserted into the operating part.

[0016] Furthermore, the positioning assembly also includes a positioning spring and a positioning block. A cavity is formed in the first limiting seat and the second limiting seat. The mounting hole communicates with the cavity. The locking rod passes through the mounting hole and the cavity and is inserted into the locking hole. The positioning block is disposed in the cavity and slides and guides the inner wall of the cavity. The portion of the locking rod placed in the cavity is fixedly connected to the positioning block. The positioning spring is sleeved on the outer side of the portion of the locking rod placed in the cavity, with one end of the positioning spring abutting against the positioning block and the other end abutting against the inner wall of the cavity, so as to provide elastic force for the locking rod to move toward the locking hole.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects achieved by this invention are as follows: This invention utilizes the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the drive roller as the locking power source. Through the sliding wedging engagement of the first and second active wedge surfaces on the pressing slider with the first and second passive wedge surfaces respectively located inside the cutter holder and the first limiting seat, the radial centrifugal thrust is converted into a clamping force. This forces the cutter holder against the guide rail and drives the first limiting seat to move axially toward the cutter holder, pressing the cutter holder against the second limiting seat positioned on the other side of the cutter holder by the locking rod. Combined with the insert-fitting locking rod and locking hole, a double axial limiting is formed, preventing the cutter holder from colliding with the first and second limiting seats during shearing, thus avoiding wear and extending the equipment's service life. This extends the lifespan of the cutter and ensures more even force distribution when shearing sheet metal, reducing the likelihood of chipping or excessive localized wear, thus improving cutting accuracy and cut smoothness. Furthermore, the axial position of the cutter holder, the first limit seat, and the second limit seat is determined by the insert-fitting locking rod and locking hole, serving as an axial stop reference for wedge surface clearance elimination. This provides a stable axial positioning reference for eliminating the gap between the first and second limit seats and the cutter holder. The sliding wedging of the active and passive wedge surfaces on this reference reliably eliminates residual clearance between the cutter holder and the limit seats, and between the cutter holder and the guide rail, further ensuring locking reliability under high-speed shearing conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural diagram of a shearing machine according to the present invention; Figure 2 The diagram shown is a structural view of a shearing machine according to the present invention from another angle. Figure 3 The diagram shown is a structural diagram of a shearing machine for removing a traction assembly according to the present invention. Figure 4 The diagram shown is a structural diagram of a shearing machine according to the present invention, comprising a traction assembly, a drive roller, and a shearing assembly. Figure 5 The image shown is a front view of a shearing machine according to the present invention, which removes the traction assembly, drive roller, and shearing assembly. Figure 6As shown Figure 5 A sectional view along section AA; Figure 7 As shown Figure 6 Enlarged view at point A in the middle; Figure 8 As shown Figure 5 A sectional view along section BB. Figure 9 As shown Figure 5 A sectional view along section CC; Figure 10 The diagram shown is a structural diagram of a shearing machine drive roller according to the present invention; Figure 11 As shown Figure 10 Enlarged view at point B; Figure 12 The image shown is a half-sectional view of a shearing assembly for a shearing machine according to the present invention. Figure 13 The figure shown is a half-sectional view of the first limiting seat of a shearing machine according to the present invention. Figure 14 The diagram shown is a structural diagram of a shearing machine's clamping slider according to the present invention; Figure 15 The diagram shown is a structural diagram of a shearing machine clamping assembly according to the present invention; Figure 16 The image shown is an exploded view of a positioning component for a shearing machine according to the present invention. In the diagram: 10, frame; 20, drive roller; 201, receiving groove; 202, guide rail; 203, locking hole; 30, shearing assembly; 301, blade holder; 3011, first passive wedge surface; 3012, first guide groove; 302, cutter; 40, limiting assembly; 401, first limiting seat; 4011, second passive wedge surface; 4012, second guide groove; 402, second limiting seat; 4022, third guide groove; 50, positioning assembly; 501, locking rod; 5011, operating part; 502, positioning spring; 503 504. Positioning block; 605. Locking pin; 606. Locking assembly; 607. Pressing slider; 608. First active wedge surface; 609. Second active wedge surface; 6000. Mounting base; 6001. Elastic element; 700. Pressing assembly; 701. Pressing roller; 702. Auxiliary roller; 703. Drive wheel; 704. Fixing plate; 705. Auxiliary wheel; 706. Pressing belt; 707. Baffle; 800. Traction assembly; 801. Lower traction roller; 802. Upper traction roller; 803. Slider; 804. Slide block; 805. Traction motor. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0021] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] like Figure 1-15 As shown, a shearing machine includes: Frame 10; like Figure 4 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the drive roller 20 is rotatably mounted on the frame 10. The surface of the drive roller 20 is provided with a plurality of receiving groove groups, a plurality of guide rails 202 and a plurality of locking holes 203. The guide rails 202 extend along the axial direction of the drive roller 20 and are evenly arranged along the circumference of the drive roller 20. The receiving groove groups and the locking holes 203 are evenly arranged along the axial direction of the drive roller 20. The receiving groove groups are composed of a plurality of receiving grooves 201 evenly arranged along the circumference of the drive roller 20. like Figure 11As shown, the shearing assembly 30 includes a blade holder 301 and a cutter 302. The blade holder 301 is sleeved on the outside of the drive roller 20, and the cutter 302 is mounted on the blade holder 301. The inner side of the blade holder 301 is provided with a first passive wedge surface 3011 and a first guide groove 3012 that is slidably connected to the guide rail 202. like Figure 12 As shown, the limiting assembly 40 includes a first limiting seat 401 and a second limiting seat 402 respectively disposed on both sides of the tool holder 301. The first limiting seat 401 and the second limiting seat 402 are sleeved on the outside of the drive roller 20. The first limiting seat 401 has a second passive wedge surface 4011 and a second guide groove 4012 on its inner side. The second limiting seat 402 has a third guide groove 4022 on its inner side. The second guide groove 4012 and the third guide groove 4022 are slidably connected to the guide rail 202. like Figure 7-9 As shown, the locking assembly 60 includes a pressing slider 601 and an elastic member 602. The elastic member 602 is installed in the receiving groove 201 and is adapted to provide a radially inward elastic force for the pressing slider 601. The pressing slider 601 is slidably installed in the receiving groove 201 and is adapted to partially extend out of the receiving groove 201 under the action of centrifugal force, such as... Figure 13 As shown, the portion of the sliding block 601 extending out of the receiving groove 201 is formed with a first active wedge surface 6011 and a second active wedge surface 6012. The first active wedge surface 6011 is adapted to abut against the first passive wedge surface 3011 to drive the tool holder 301 to abut against the guide rail 202. The second active wedge surface 6012 is adapted to abut against the second passive wedge surface 4011 to drive the first limiting seat 401 to abut against the second limiting seat 402. like Figure 15 As shown, the positioning component 50 includes a locking rod 501. The first limiting seat 401 and the second limiting seat 402 are provided with through mounting holes. One end of the locking rod 501 passes through the mounting hole and is inserted into the locking hole 203, and the other end forms an operating part 5011. The clamping assembly 70 is mounted on the frame 10 and located above the drive roller 20. The clamping assembly 70 is adapted to bring the sheet material to be sheared into contact with the cutter 302.

[0024] The drive assembly includes a drive motor and a transmission belt. One end of the drive roller 20 extends out of the frame 10 and forms a power input end. The drive motor is connected to the power input end via the transmission belt.

[0025] When using this shearing machine, the operator pulls the operating part 5011 to disengage the locking rod 501 from the locking hole 203. At this time, the first limit seat 401 and the second limit seat 402 can slide along the axial direction of the drive roller 20. The operator can adjust the position of the first limit seat 401 and the second limit seat 402 to adjust the distance between adjacent shearing components 30, thereby adjusting the width of the cut plate. When the appropriate distance is reached, the operator inserts the operating part 5011 back into the locking hole 203 to lock the position of the first limit seat 401 and the second limit seat 402, and thus lock the position of the shearing component 30. Then, the clamping component 70 is adjusted to press down and press the plate to be sheared onto the shearing component to prevent the plate from warping or shifting during the shearing process. Then, the drive motor drives the drive roller 20 to rotate at high speed through the transmission belt. The drive roller 20 drives the blade holder 301 and the cutter 302 sleeved on its outer side to move synchronously through the guide rail 202. When the drive roller 20 reaches the preset shearing speed, the clamping slider 601 in the locking assembly 60 overcomes the elastic force of the elastic element 602 under the action of centrifugal force and partially extends out of the receiving groove 201. During this process, the first active wedge surface 6011 on the clamping slider 601 slides and wedges with the first passive wedge surface 3011 of the cutter holder 301 to drive the cutter holder 301 to press against the guide rail 202, thereby eliminating the radial gap between the cutter holder 301 and the guide rail 202. The second active wedge surface 6012 on the sliding block 601 will slide and wedge with the second passive wedge surface 4011 of the first limiting seat 401, thereby driving the first limiting seat 401 to move towards the second limiting seat 402, so as to press the cutter holder 301 against the second limiting seat 402, thereby eliminating the axial gap between the first limiting seat 401, the second limiting seat 402 and the cutter holder 301, and thus avoiding axial movement of the cutter holder 301 during the shearing process, which would affect the shearing effect.

[0026] It should be noted that this embodiment involves two types of gaps with different functions, which should be distinguished: one type is the fitting gap that needs to be eliminated, which will cause the tool holder 301 to move axially and wobble radially. It exists on the axial fitting surfaces between the tool holder 301 and the first limit seat 401 and the second limit seat 402, and on the radial fitting surfaces between the first guide groove 3012 and the guide rail 202; the other type is the floating guide gap reserved for assembly, disassembly and axial position adjustment, which exists only between the locking rod 501 and the locking hole 203 and the mounting hole.

[0027] Before the locking assembly 60 is put into operation, the operator has first inserted the operating part 5011 back into the locking hole 203. After the locking rod 501 passes through the mounting holes of the first limiting seat 401 and the second limiting seat 402 and is inserted into the locking hole 203, the locking rod 501 is positioned on the drive roller 20 through the locking hole 203, thereby realizing the axial positioning of the first limiting seat 401 and the second limiting seat 402. At the same time, a certain fitting clearance is left between the locking rod 501 and the locking hole 203 and the mounting hole, so that the two limiting seats still retain the floating guide clearance in the axial direction, so that the first limiting seat 401 and the second limiting seat 402 can move slightly in the axial direction within the allowable tolerance range, so as to push the wedge surface during subsequent clearance elimination.

[0028] After the locking assembly 60 is activated, the abutting slider 601 slides outward against the elastic force of the elastic element 602 under the action of centrifugal force. Through the sliding wedging of the first active wedge surface 6011, the second active wedge surface 6012, the first passive wedge surface 3011, and the second passive wedge surface 4011, the radial centrifugal force is decomposed into radial and axial components: the radial component causes the tool holder 301 to abut against the guide rail 202 to eliminate the radial fit gap between the first guide groove 3012 and the guide rail 202; the axial component drives the first limiting seat 401 to press against the tool holder 301 within the range allowed by the floating guide gap, and presses the tool holder 301 against the second limiting seat 402 located on its other side, thereby eliminating the axial fit gap between the tool holder 301 and the first limiting seat 401, and between the tool holder 301 and the second limiting seat 402.

[0029] Specifically, in order for the locking rod 501 to be inserted and fitted into the locking hole 203 and the mounting hole, a certain assembly tolerance (i.e., the floating guide clearance) is usually left between the locking rod 501 and the locking hole 203 and the mounting hole. Therefore, after the locking rod 501 is inserted into the locking hole 203, the specific axial position of the first limit seat 401 and the second limit seat 402 cannot be completely fixed, but floats within the allowable range of the tolerance. Since the tool holder 301 needs to be installed between the two limit seats and slide along the guide rail, this floating inevitably leaves an axial fitting clearance between the tool holder 301 and the first limit seat 401, and between the tool holder 301 and the second limit seat 402.

[0030] To eliminate the aforementioned axial clearance, the first limiting seat 401, driven by the abutting slider 601, moves towards the tool holder 301 within the allowable range of the floating guide clearance, and drives the tool holder 301 to move in the same direction until it is close to the second limiting seat 402. The second limiting seat 402 continues to move in the same direction until its mounting hole wall abuts against the locking rod 501 and is blocked, thereby clamping the tool holder 301 between the first limiting seat 401 and the second limiting seat 402 to eliminate the axial clearance between the first limiting seat 401, the second limiting seat 402 and the tool holder 301.

[0031] Based on this, this embodiment utilizes the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the drive roller 20 as the locking power source. The first active wedge surface 6011 and the second active wedge surface 6012, located on the pressing slider 601, slide and wed with the first passive wedge surface 3011 and the second passive wedge surface 4011, respectively located inside the cutter holder 301 and the first limiting seat 401. This converts the radial centrifugal thrust into a clamping force, driving the cutter holder 301 to press against the guide rail 202. It also causes the first limiting seat 401 to press axially against the cutter holder 301, pressing the cutter holder 301 against the second limiting seat 402, which is positioned on the other side of the cutter holder 301 by the locking rod 501. Combined with the insert-fitting locking rod 501 and locking hole 203, a double axial limit is formed to ensure that there is no relative displacement between the blade holder 301 and the first limit seat 401 and the second limit seat 402 under high-speed shearing conditions. This avoids the blade holder 301 from colliding with the first limit seat 401 and the second limit seat 402 during the shearing process, which would cause wear and extend the service life of the equipment. At the same time, it avoids the axial movement of the blade holder 301, so that the cutter 302 is subjected to more uniform force when shearing the plate, and is less prone to chipping or excessive local wear, which significantly extends the service life of the cutter 302 and improves the shearing accuracy and cut smoothness of the cutter 302.

[0032] When unlocked, the sliding block 601 will retract into the receiving groove 201 under the elastic force of the elastic element 602. At this time, the active wedge surfaces and the passive wedge surfaces have not yet wedged together, and there is still an axial fit gap between the tool holder 301 and the limiting seat. At this time, the locking rod 501 is still inserted in the locking hole 203, and the two limiting seats are axially positioned. The tool holder 301 is thus limited to a general position but can float slightly. When the width needs to be adjusted, first pull the locking rod 501 out of the locking hole 203, and then slide the first limiting seat 401, the second limiting seat 402 and the tool holder 301 along the axial direction of the drive roller 20 to adjust the distance between adjacent tool holders 301 until a suitable distance is adjusted. Then, insert the locking rod 501 into the corresponding locking hole 203, and the first limiting seat 401 and the second limiting seat 402 limit the axial position of the tool holder 301.

[0033] Preferably, both the first active wedge surface 6011 and the second active wedge surface 6012 are radially outwardly tapering. When the pressing slider 601 moves outward under centrifugal force, the two active wedge surfaces provide smooth and continuous mechanical transmission to the first passive wedge surface 3011 and the second passive wedge surface 4011, converting the radially outward centrifugal thrust into a clamping force, thereby pressing the tool holder 301 against the guide rail 202 and clamping the tool holder 301 axially with the first limiting seat 401 and the second limiting seat 402. As the rotational speed of the drive roller 20 increases, the centrifugal force continuously increases. As the gradually narrowing wedge-shaped first active wedge surface 6011 and second active wedge surface 6012 continue to move outward against the first passive wedge surface 3011 and second passive wedge surface 4011, the degree of wedging between them deepens. That is, when the sliding block 601 continues to move outward, the gradually narrowing active wedge surface moves and squeezes the thick ends of the root of the first passive wedge surface 3011 and second passive wedge surface 4011. The locking force increases adaptively with the rotation speed, ensuring that the tool holder 301, guide rail 202, first limit seat 401 and second limit seat 402 can be firmly locked together as one unit under high-speed operation to eliminate mechanical clearance.

[0034] Preferably, in this embodiment, the first active wedge surface 6011 and the second active wedge surface 6012 form an angle with the radial movement direction of the pressing slider 601, and the angle is less than 30°. This ensures that the first and second active wedge surfaces can generate sufficiently large axial and radial forces when sliding and wedging with the first passive wedge surface 3011 and the second passive wedge surface 4011. This ensures that the radial centrifugal thrust is efficiently converted into axial and radial clamping forces, so as to avoid the tool holder 301 rotating and sliding relative to the drive roller 20 during operation. This makes the force on the tool holder 301, the limiting seat and the guide rail 202 more uniform and stable during the mutual clamping process, effectively preventing the wedge surface from plastic deformation or abnormal wear due to local stress concentration, thereby further improving the reliability of the locking mechanism and extending its service life.

[0035] Preferably, in this embodiment, the shearing machine further includes a pressing roller 701 and two auxiliary rollers 702. The pressing roller 701 and the two auxiliary rollers 702 are mounted on the frame 10 and are both located above the drive roller 20 and parallel to the drive roller 20. The two auxiliary rollers 702 are symmetrically arranged, and the pressing roller 701 is located at the center of symmetry of the two auxiliary rollers 702. The pressing roller 701 is higher than the two auxiliary rollers 702 in the vertical direction. like Figure 3 and Figure 14As shown, the pressing assembly 70 includes a drive wheel 703, two fixed plates 704, two auxiliary wheels 705, and two pressure belts 706. The two fixed plates 704 are arranged opposite each other at a distance. The drive wheel 703 is disposed between the two fixed plates 704 and sleeved on the pressing roller 701. The two auxiliary wheels 705 are disposed between the two fixed plates 704 and respectively sleeved on the two auxiliary rollers 702. The two fixed plates 704 are adapted to drive the pressing assembly 70 to move axially along the pressing roller 701. The two pressure belts 706 are wound between the drive wheel 703 and the two auxiliary wheels 705, and a gap is formed between the two pressure belts 706. The gap is located directly above the cutter 302, and the width of the gap is greater than or equal to the thickness of the cutter 302, so as to avoid the cutter 302 when the pressure belts 706 press the material to be cut against the cutting assembly 30.

[0036] In this embodiment, the pressure roller 701 and the two auxiliary rollers 702 are symmetrically distributed in a triangular shape. Combined with the drive wheel 703 slidably mounted on the pressure roller 701 and the auxiliary wheel 705 slidably mounted on the auxiliary rollers 702, a stable pressure guiding system is constructed. The two fixed plates 704 serve as a connecting frame, providing mounting support for the drive wheel 703 and the auxiliary wheel 705, allowing them to move smoothly along the roller axis as a whole. This adapts to the shearing requirements of different sized plates. Compared to the traditional roller-type pressure assembly 70, this invention can achieve this without increasing the pressure assembly... Under the premise of the overall volume of component 70, the contact area between the pressing component 70 and the board to be cut is increased, thereby better flattening the board and preventing warping and displacement. At the same time, a gap with a width greater than or equal to the thickness of the cutter 302 is reserved between the two pressing bands 706, and this gap is located directly above the cutter 302. This allows the pressing bands 706 to avoid the cutting trajectory of the cutter 302 when pressing the board to be cut downwards. This ensures that the pressing component 70 will not interfere or collide with the cutter 302, and also ensures that the board is always firmly pressed onto the cutting component 30 at the moment of cutting, thereby improving the cutting accuracy and cut flatness.

[0037] Preferably, in order to enable a gap to be formed between the two pressure belts 706, in this embodiment, a baffle 707 is installed in the middle of the drive wheel 703 and the two auxiliary wheels 705. The baffle 707 is adapted to separate the two pressure belts 706 wrapped around the drive wheel 703 and the two auxiliary wheels 705 to form a gap.

[0038] Preferably, the shearing machine further includes a traction assembly 80, which includes a lower traction roller 801 disposed at both ends of the drive roller 20 and rotatably connected to the frame 10, an upper traction roller 802 disposed above the lower traction roller 801, sliders 803 disposed at both ends of the upper traction roller 802, a slide block 804 mounted on the frame 10 and slidably connected to the sliders 803, and a traction motor 805 mounted on the frame 10. The upper traction roller 802 is rotatably connected to the sliders 803, and the drive end of the traction motor 805 is connected to the sliders 803 via a lead screw, so that the traction motor 805 can adjust the distance between the upper traction roller 802 and the lower traction roller 801 to accommodate plates of different thicknesses. The lead screw transmission can ensure high precision and stability in the adjustment process, so that the plates can be clamped and transported evenly and flatly before being fed into the shearing area, further ensuring the accuracy and cut quality of subsequent shearing operations.

[0039] Preferably, to prevent the sliding block 601 from shifting when sliding in the receiving groove 201, and to prevent the sliding block 601 from detaching from the receiving groove 201, in this embodiment, a mounting base 6014 is formed at the bottom end of the sliding block 601. The side of the mounting base 6014 is in contact with the inner wall of the receiving groove 201, thereby providing guidance for the sliding block 601 to prevent it from shifting when sliding along the receiving groove 201. At the same time, a limiting block is provided in the opening of the receiving groove 201. The limiting block can abut against the mounting base 6014, thereby preventing it from detaching from the receiving groove 201. Furthermore, the elastic element 602 is a spring and is sleeved on the outside of the pressing slider 601. Therefore, the mounting seat 6014 formed at the bottom of the pressing slider 601 can provide support for the elastic element 602. One end of the spring abuts against the mounting seat 6014, and the other end abuts against the inner wall of the receiving groove 201. The mounting seat 6014 is located at the radially inner end of the pressing slider 601. When the pressing slider 601 moves radially outward under the action of centrifugal force, it compresses the spring. The compressed spring then pushes the pressing slider 601 radially inward through the mounting seat 6014, thereby providing radially inward elastic force to the pressing slider 601 to prevent the pressing slider 601 from partially extending out of the receiving groove 201 when the drive roller 20 is not rotating, thus hindering the axial movement of the knife holder 301, the first limiting seat 401, and the second limiting seat 402 along the drive roller 20.

[0040] Preferably, the positioning assembly 50 further includes a positioning spring 502 and a positioning block 503. A cavity is formed in the first limiting seat 401 and the second limiting seat 402. The mounting hole communicates with the cavity. The locking rod 501 passes through the mounting hole and the cavity and is inserted into the locking hole 203. The positioning block 503 is disposed in the cavity and slides and guides the inner wall of the cavity. The portion of the locking rod 501 placed in the cavity is fixedly connected to the positioning block 503. The positioning spring 502 is sleeved on the outer side of the portion of the locking rod 501 placed in the cavity. One end of the positioning spring 502 abuts against the positioning block 503, and the other end abuts against the inner wall of the cavity. This structure provides the locking rod 501 with a continuous and stable elastic force to move toward the locking hole 203 through the elastic potential energy of the positioning spring 502.

[0041] In addition, the positioning assembly 50 also includes a locking pin 504. The locking pin 504 is disposed on the side of the first limiting seat 401 and the second limiting seat 402 facing away from the knife holder 301. The first limiting seat 401 and the second limiting seat 402 are provided with pin holes for the locking pin 504 to pass through. One end of the locking pin 504 passes through the pin hole and is inserted into the operating part 5011 to prevent the locking rod 501 from separating from the locking hole 203 during the rotation of the drive roller 20.

[0042] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A shearing machine, characterized in that, include: Frame; A drive roller is rotatably mounted on the frame. The surface of the drive roller is provided with a plurality of receiving grooves, a plurality of guide rails and a plurality of locking holes. The guide rails extend along the axial direction of the drive roller and are evenly arranged along the circumference of the drive roller. The receiving grooves and locking holes are evenly arranged along the axial direction of the drive roller. The receiving grooves are composed of a plurality of receiving grooves evenly arranged along the circumference of the drive roller. The shearing assembly includes a blade holder and a cutter. The blade holder is sleeved on the outside of the drive roller, and the cutter is mounted on the blade holder. The inner side of the blade holder is provided with a first passive wedge surface and a first guide groove that is slidably connected to the guide rail. The limiting assembly includes a first limiting seat and a second limiting seat respectively disposed on both sides of the tool holder. The first limiting seat and the second limiting seat are sleeved on the outside of the drive roller. The inner side of the first limiting seat is provided with a second passive wedge surface and a second guide groove. The inner side of the second limiting seat is provided with a third guide groove. The second guide groove and the third guide groove are slidably connected to the guide rail. The positioning component includes a locking rod. The first limiting seat and the second limiting seat have through mounting holes. One end of the locking rod passes through the mounting hole and is inserted into the locking hole, and the other end forms an operating part. A locking assembly includes a pressing slider and an elastic element. The elastic element is installed in the receiving groove and is adapted to provide a radially inward elastic force to the pressing slider. The pressing slider is slidably installed in the receiving groove and is adapted to partially extend out of the receiving groove under the action of centrifugal force. The portion of the pressing slider extending out of the receiving groove forms a first active wedge surface and a second active wedge surface. The first active wedge surface is adapted to abut against the first passive wedge surface to drive the tool holder to abut against the guide rail. The second active wedge surface is adapted to abut against the second passive wedge surface to drive a first limiting seat to abut against the second limiting seat. A clamping assembly is mounted on the frame and located above the drive roller, the clamping assembly being adapted to abut the sheet material to be sheared against the cutter.

2. The shearing machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first and second active wedge surfaces taper outwards radially.

3. The shearing machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first and second active wedge surfaces form an angle with the radial movement direction of the abutting slider, and the angle is less than 30°.

4. The shearing machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a pressing roller and two auxiliary rollers. The pressing roller and the two auxiliary rollers are mounted on the frame and are both located above the driving roller and parallel to the driving roller. The two auxiliary rollers are symmetrically arranged. The pressing roller is located at the center of symmetry of the two auxiliary rollers and is higher than the two auxiliary rollers in the vertical direction. The pressing assembly includes a drive wheel, two fixed plates, two auxiliary wheels, and two pressure belts. The two fixed plates are arranged opposite each other with a gap. The drive wheel is disposed between the two fixed plates and sleeved on the pressing roller. The two auxiliary wheels are disposed between the two fixed plates and respectively sleeved on the two auxiliary rollers. The two fixed plates are adapted to drive the pressing assembly to move along the axial direction of the pressing roller. The two pressure belts are wound between the drive wheel and the two auxiliary wheels, and a gap is formed between the two pressure belts. The gap is located directly above the cutter, and the width of the gap is greater than or equal to the thickness of the cutter, so as to avoid the cutter when the pressure belts press the material to be cut against the cutting assembly.

5. The shearing machine as described in claim 4, characterized in that, A baffle is installed in the middle of the drive wheel and the two auxiliary wheels. The baffle is adapted to separate the two pressure belts wrapped around the drive wheel and the two auxiliary wheels to form the gap.

6. The shearing machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a drive assembly, which includes a drive motor and a transmission belt. One end of the drive roller extends out of the frame and forms a power input end. The drive motor is connected to the power input end via the transmission belt.

7. The shearing machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a traction assembly, which includes a lower traction roller disposed at the front and rear ends of the drive roller and rotatably connected to the frame, an upper traction roller disposed above the lower traction roller, sliders disposed at both ends of the upper traction roller, a slide block mounted on the frame and slidably connected to the slider, and a traction motor mounted on the frame. The drive end of the traction motor is connected to the slider via a lead screw to drive the slider to slide along the slide block. The upper traction roller is rotatably connected to the slider.

8. The shearing machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom end of the pressing slider is formed with a mounting base, and the side of the mounting base fits against the inner wall of the receiving groove to provide guidance for the pressing slider when it slides in the receiving groove.

9. The shearing machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning component further includes a locking pin, which is disposed on the side of the first limiting seat and the second limiting seat opposite to the tool holder. The first limiting seat and the second limiting seat have pin holes for the locking pin to pass through, and one end of the locking pin passes through the pin hole and is inserted into the operating part.

10. The shearing machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning assembly further includes a positioning spring and a positioning block. A cavity is formed in the first limiting seat and the second limiting seat. The mounting hole communicates with the cavity. The locking rod passes through the mounting hole and the cavity and is inserted into the locking hole. The positioning block is disposed in the cavity and slides and guides the inner wall of the cavity. The portion of the locking rod placed in the cavity is fixedly connected to the positioning block. The positioning spring is sleeved on the outer side of the portion of the locking rod placed in the cavity, with one end of the positioning spring abutting against the positioning block and the other end abutting against the inner wall of the cavity, so as to provide elastic force for the locking rod to move toward the locking hole.

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