Irregular gas film hole processing device and processing method

Abstract

This disclosure relates to the technical field of machining irregularly shaped film membrane holes for pumps, and particularly to a machining apparatus and method for machining irregularly shaped film membrane holes. The machining apparatus includes a water-guided laser emitter for emitting an energy-carrying jet onto the workpiece; a motion actuator connected to the water-guided laser emitter; a first spiral airflow generator connected to the water-guided laser emitter for emitting a first spiral airflow to envelop the energy-carrying jet, thereby adjusting the effective working length of the energy-carrying jet; a controller for controlling the motion actuator to adjust the motion path of the water-guided laser emitter; and the controller for controlling the air supply pressure and flow rate of the first spiral airflow generator. This configuration significantly reduces the heat-affected zone and enables the machining of irregularly shaped film membrane holes with large aspect ratios. It allows for precise control of the effective working length of the energy-carrying jet according to the machining stage, preventing the energy-carrying jet from passing through the machined cavity and causing back damage to the opposite wall surface of the hole, thus improving machining quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the technical field of processing irregularly shaped air film holes in pumps, and more particularly to a processing apparatus and method for processing irregularly shaped air film holes. Background Technology

[0002] Irregularly shaped film cooling holes are widely used in the cooling design of hot-end components such as turbine blades and combustion chamber flame tubes in aerospace engines. Compared with traditional straight cylindrical holes, irregularly shaped film cooling holes can form a larger film layer, significantly improving film cooling efficiency, reducing the working temperature of the blade surface, and thus extending blade life and improving engine performance. An irregularly shaped film cooling hole consists of two parts: a straight section and an irregularly shaped section. The straight section is a cylindrical hole region with a constant cross-section along the hole axis; the irregularly shaped section is an irregularly shaped diffusion region connected to one end of the straight section, with its radial dimension gradually increasing along the hole axis. Irregularly shaped film cooling holes typically penetrate space at an angle and are more widely used in aero-engine turbine blades. This allows the cooling airflow exit direction to better match the main combustion gas flow direction near the blade surface, thereby forming a more uniform and stable film covering layer, further improving cooling efficiency. The structure of the angled irregularly shaped film cooling hole is more three-dimensionally complex. The orifice shape appears as an elliptical projection on the workpiece surface, and the geometry of the irregularly shaped section is asymmetrically distributed along the hole axis, making it difficult to manufacture. Currently, dry laser processing is commonly used to process irregularly shaped air film holes. However, it has limitations in focal depth, making it impossible to process irregularly shaped holes with large aspect ratios. Furthermore, it has a large heat-affected zone, which is prone to microcracks and recast layers, thus affecting the processing quality.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a processing device and method for irregularly shaped air film holes in order to at least partially solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related technologies.

[0005] Therefore, the first aspect of this disclosure proposes an apparatus for processing irregularly shaped air film holes; The second aspect of this disclosure proposes a method for processing irregularly shaped air film holes.

[0006] In view of this, according to the first aspect of the present disclosure, an apparatus for processing irregularly shaped air film holes is provided, comprising: A water-guided laser emitter is used to emit an energy-carrying jet toward a workpiece. Motion actuator, wherein the aforementioned water-guided laser emitting unit is connected to the aforementioned motion actuator; The first spiral airflow generator is connected to the water-guided laser emitting unit and is used to emit a first spiral airflow to envelop the energy-carrying jet in order to adjust the effective working length of the energy-carrying jet. The controller is used to control the motion actuator to adjust the motion path of the water-guided laser unit so that the axial direction of the energy-carrying jet emitted by the water-guided laser unit is consistent with the generatrix direction of the irregularly shaped air film hole to be processed; the controller is used to control the air supply pressure and air supply flow of the first spiral airflow generator so that the first spiral airflow interacts with the energy-carrying jet at a preset position, and adjust the effective working section length of the energy-carrying jet.

[0007] In one feasible implementation, the water-guided laser emitting unit includes: A laser generator is used to produce a laser beam; The liquid supply unit is used to provide water flow; A water-optical coupling module is used to couple the aforementioned laser beam and the aforementioned water flow to generate an energy-carrying jet; The jet nozzle, connected to the aforementioned water-optical coupling module, is used to emit the aforementioned energy-carrying jet.

[0008] In one feasible implementation, the first spiral airflow generating unit includes: The first air intake port is used to connect to the air source; The first spiral airflow generating chamber, wherein the jet nozzle is disposed in the middle of the first spiral airflow generating chamber; Multiple first spiral airflow channels are connected to the first air inlet. The multiple first spiral airflow channels are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the jet nozzle, and each of the first spiral airflow channels is tangent to the wall of the first spiral airflow generating chamber.

[0009] In one feasible embodiment, the above-mentioned irregular-shaped air film hole processing device further includes: The second spiral airflow generator is used to generate a second spiral airflow, which is located between the first spiral airflow and the energy-carrying jet, and is used to suppress the influence of ambient air on the energy-carrying jet.

[0010] In one feasible implementation, the second spiral airflow generating unit includes: The second air intake port is used to connect to the aforementioned air source; The second spiral airflow generating chamber is located between the first spiral generating chamber and the jet nozzle. Multiple second spiral airflow channels are connected to the second air inlet. The multiple second spiral airflow channels are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the jet nozzle, and each of the second spiral airflow channels is tangent to the wall of the second spiral airflow generating chamber. The first spiral airflow, the second spiral airflow, and the energy-carrying jet are arranged coaxially.

[0011] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, a method for processing irregularly shaped film pores is provided, comprising: A three-dimensional model of the aforementioned irregular air film pores was constructed, and the irregular air film pores were divided into straight pore segments and irregular pore segments based on the data of the aforementioned three-dimensional model; Based on the shape parameters of the straight hole section, the first processing parameters of the straight hole section are determined; Based on the first processing parameters mentioned above, the straight hole section is processed using the energy-carrying jet. Based on the shape parameters of the aforementioned irregular segment, determine the second processing parameters of the aforementioned irregular segment; Based on the second processing parameters mentioned above, the irregular segment is processed using the energy-carrying jet.

[0012] In one feasible implementation, the step of determining the first processing parameters of the straight hole segment based on the shape parameters of the straight hole segment includes: Based on the workpiece dimensions and the design angle of the irregular air film hole on the workpiece, determine the inclination angle between the axis of the irregular air film hole and the surface of the workpiece, the equivalent thickness of the workpiece in the axial direction, the intersection line between the straight hole section and the surface of the workpiece, and the interface intersection line between the irregular section and the straight hole section. Based on the above equivalent thickness, the length of the first effective working section of the energy-carrying jet for machining the above straight hole section is determined; Based on the aforementioned first effective working section length, the first air supply pressure and the first air supply flow rate of the aforementioned first spiral airflow generator are determined; The end of the first effective working section is set as the first cutting edge control point, and the first motion trajectory of the motion actuator driving the first cutting edge control point is determined according to the surface intersection line.

[0013] In one feasible implementation, the step of determining the second processing parameters of the irregular segment based on its shape parameters includes: The length of the second effective working section of the energy-carrying jet is determined based on the distance from the incident point of the energy-carrying jet to the opposite side wall of the cavity of the shaped air film hole at the processing position of the shaped section along the axial direction of the energy-carrying jet. Based on the aforementioned second effective working section length, the second air supply pressure and the second air supply flow rate of the aforementioned first spiral airflow generator are determined; The end of the second effective working section is set as the second cutting tip control point. The intersection line of the irregular section and the straight hole section and the spatial position of the generatrix of the irregular section are extracted. Based on the intersection line of the irregular section and the straight hole section and the spatial position of the generatrix of the irregular section, the second motion trajectory of the motion actuator driving the second cutting tip control point is determined.

[0014] In one feasible implementation, in the second motion trajectory, the energy-carrying jet is fed along the generatrix direction of the hole wall of the irregular segment and scans and cuts the hole contour of the processed part of the irregular segment layer by layer. By changing the interlayer offset of the scanning path, it approaches the target contour surface of the irregular segment layer by layer from the inside to the outside.

[0015] In one feasible implementation, the wall thickness of the sidewall in the tilt direction of the irregular segment is greater than the wall thickness of the sidewall on the opposite side of the tilt, and the length of the second effective working segment corresponding to the tilt direction is greater than the length of the second effective working segment corresponding to the opposite side of the tilt.

[0016] Compared to existing technologies, this disclosure offers at least the following advantages: The irregular film hole processing apparatus provided in this embodiment includes a water-guided laser emitter, a motion actuator, a first spiral airflow generator, and a controller. The water-guided laser emitter couples a laser beam into a fine, high-pressure water jet. Utilizing the total internal reflection effect at the water-air interface, the laser propagates axially within the water jet, emitting an energy-carrying jet towards the workpiece for processing. The cooling effect of the energy-carrying jet significantly reduces the heat-affected zone, and the water flow effectively removes processing residues in real time. Furthermore, the effective working length of the energy-carrying jet is much greater than the focal depth of a dry laser, enabling the processing of irregular film holes with large aspect ratios. The water-guided laser emitter can be connected to the motion actuator, and the controller controls the motion attitude of the actuator, thereby adjusting the spatial attitude of the energy-carrying jet emitted by the water-guided laser emitter. This ensures that the axial direction of the energy-carrying jet aligns with the generatrix direction of the irregular film hole, adapting to the complex geometric structure of the tilted irregular film hole and improving reliability. The first spiral airflow generator is connected to the water-guided laser emitter and emits a first spiral airflow that envelops the energy-carrying jet. The controller can determine the effective working length of the energy-carrying jet based on the processing position of the energy-carrying jet. Then, based on the effective working length, it controls the air supply pressure and flow rate of the first spiral airflow generator, thereby adjusting the first spiral airflow to generate aerodynamic interaction with the energy-carrying jet at a preset position. This causes the energy-carrying jet to become unstable and break at the preset position, thus ensuring that the effective working length of the energy-carrying jet reaches the preset length. This achieves precise control of the effective working length of the energy-carrying jet according to the processing stage, avoiding back damage to the opposite wall of the hole caused by the energy-carrying jet passing through the processed cavity during processing, and improving processing quality. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1This is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for processing irregularly shaped air film holes according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic assembly diagram of the water-guided laser emitter, the first spiral airflow generator, and the second spiral airflow generator shown. Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of an irregularly shaped air film pore provided in this disclosure; Figure 4 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a method for processing irregularly shaped air film holes according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0018] in, Figures 1 to 3 The correspondence between the reference numerals and component names in the attached drawings is as follows: 1 Water-guided laser emitter, 11 Jet nozzle, 2 Motion actuator, 3 First spiral airflow generator, 31 First spiral airflow generating cavity, 32 First spiral airflow channel, 4 Second spiral airflow generator, 41 Second spiral airflow generating cavity, 42 Second spiral airflow channel, 5 Irregularly shaped air film hole, 51 Straight hole section, 52 Irregularly shaped section, 6 Workpiece, a First spiral airflow, b Energy-carrying jet. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is intended to aid in understanding the invention, but does not constitute a limitation thereof. The specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are merely for describing exemplary embodiments of the invention. However, the invention can be embodied in many alternative forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, according to an embodiment of the first aspect of this disclosure, a processing apparatus for irregularly shaped film holes 5 is provided, comprising: a water-guided laser emitting unit 1 for emitting an energy-carrying jet b towards a workpiece 6; a motion actuator 2, wherein the water-guided laser emitting unit 1 is connected to the motion actuator 2; a first spiral airflow a generating unit 3, connected to the water-guided laser emitting unit 1, for emitting a first spiral airflow a to envelop the energy-carrying jet b, thereby adjusting the effective working length of the energy-carrying jet b; a controller for controlling the motion actuator 2 to adjust the motion path of the water-guided laser emitting unit, so that the axial direction of the energy-carrying jet b emitted by the water-guided laser emitting unit is consistent with the generatrix direction of the irregularly shaped film hole 5 to be processed; the controller is used to control the air supply pressure and air supply flow rate of the first spiral airflow a generating unit 3, so that the first spiral airflow a generates aerodynamic interaction with the energy-carrying jet b at a preset position, thereby adjusting the effective working length of the energy-carrying jet b.

[0021] It is understood that the irregular film hole 5 processing device provided in this embodiment includes a water-guided laser emitting unit 1, a motion execution mechanism 2, a first spiral airflow a generating unit 3, and a controller. The water-guided laser emitting unit 1 couples a laser beam into a fine high-pressure water jet. Utilizing the total internal reflection effect at the water-air interface, the laser propagates axially within the water jet, emitting an energy-carrying jet b towards the workpiece 6 for processing. The cooling effect of the energy-carrying jet b significantly reduces the heat-affected zone, and the water flow washes away processing residues in real time. Furthermore, the effective working length of the energy-carrying jet b is much greater than the focal depth of a dry laser, enabling the processing of irregular film holes 5 with large aspect ratios. The water-guided laser emitter 1 can be connected to the motion actuator 2. The controller can control the motion attitude of the motion actuator 2, thereby adjusting the spatial attitude of the energy-carrying jet b emitted by the water-guided laser emitter 1, so that the axial direction of the energy-carrying jet b is consistent with the generatrix direction of the irregular air film hole 5, thereby adapting to the processing path of the complex geometric structure of the inclined irregular air film hole 5 and improving reliability. The first spiral airflow generator 3 is connected to the water-guided laser emitter 1 and can emit a first spiral airflow a to envelop the energy-carrying jet b. The controller can determine the effective working length of the energy-carrying jet b according to the processing position of the energy-carrying jet b, and then control the air supply pressure and air supply flow of the first spiral airflow generator 3 according to the effective working length. This adjusts the first spiral airflow a to generate aerodynamic interaction with the energy-carrying jet b at a preset position, causing the energy-carrying jet b to become unstable and break at the preset position. This ensures that the effective working length of the energy-carrying jet b reaches the preset length, achieving precise control of the effective working length of the energy-carrying jet b according to the processing stage. This avoids the energy-carrying jet b passing through the processed cavity and causing back damage to the opposite wall of the hole during processing, thus improving the processing quality.

[0022] It should be noted that the motion actuator 2 may have at least five degrees of freedom to achieve multi-degree-of-freedom spatial motion and attitude adjustment of the water-guided laser emitter 1 relative to the workpiece 6. Specifically, with horizontal and vertical planes as coordinate axes, the motion actuator 2 has at least five-axis linkage capability, including linear motion along the X, Y, and Z axes and rotational motion around the A, B, or C axes. This allows for adaptive adjustment of the spatial attitude of the water-guided laser emitter 1 during processing based on the angle between the generatrix of the irregularly shaped air film hole 5 and the surface of the workpiece 6, ensuring that the axial direction of the energy-carrying jet b is consistent with the generatrix direction of the irregularly shaped air film hole 5.

[0023] It should be noted that the first spiral airflow a, in the form of rotational motion, wraps around the outer periphery of the energy-carrying jet b, forming an aerodynamic constraint layer around the energy-carrying jet b. This reduces the velocity gradient difference between the energy-carrying jet b and the external ambient air, delaying the natural breakup of the energy-carrying jet b. By adjusting the pressure and flow rate of the first spiral airflow a, the effective length of the aerodynamic constraint layer in the axial direction of the energy-carrying jet b is controlled. The higher the pressure and / or flow rate of the first spiral airflow a, the shorter the continuous length of its aerodynamic constraint along the axial direction, and the shorter the effective working length of the energy-carrying jet b. That is, if the controller determines that the effective working length of the energy-carrying jet b is short, the effective working length of the energy-carrying jet b can be shortened by increasing the supply pressure and flow rate of the first spiral airflow a generating section 3. The supply pressure range can be 0.2 MPa to 5 MPa, and the supply flow rate range can be 0.1 L / min to 20 L / min.

[0024] In some examples, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the water-guided laser emitting unit 1 includes: a laser generator for generating a laser beam; a liquid supply unit for providing water flow; a water-optical coupling module for coupling the laser beam and the water flow to generate an energy-carrying jet b; and a jet nozzle 11 connected to the water-optical coupling module for emitting the energy-carrying jet b.

[0025] Understandably, the laser emitter can generate pulsed laser beams with wavelengths of 532nm or 1064nm and transmit them via optical fiber. The laser power can be 50W to 500W, the pulse width is 10ns to 200ns, and the repetition frequency is 1kHz to 50kHz. The liquid supply unit can provide high-pressure pure water with a resistivity greater than 15MΩ·cm and a supply pressure of 5MPa to 50MPa. The water-optical coupling module is provided with a focusing lens, a window mirror, and a high-pressure water cavity in sequence along the optical path, and the high-pressure water cavity is connected to the jet nozzle 11. The laser beam generated by the laser generator is focused by the focusing lens, passes through the window mirror, and enters the high-pressure water cavity. The focal point is located at the inlet of the jet nozzle 11. The laser beam is coupled by total internal reflection in the water jet to form an energy-carrying jet b.

[0026] For example, the diameter of the jet nozzle 11 can be 50 μm to 200 μm.

[0027] In some examples, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the first spiral airflow a generating unit 3 includes: a first air inlet for connecting to an air source; a first spiral airflow a generating chamber 31, wherein the jet nozzle 11 is disposed in the middle of the first spiral airflow a generating chamber 31; and a plurality of first spiral airflow a channels 32, all connected to the first air inlet, wherein the plurality of first spiral airflow a channels 32 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the jet nozzle 11, and each of the first spiral airflow a channels 32 is tangent to the wall surface of the first spiral airflow a generating chamber 31.

[0028] It is understood that the first spiral airflow a generating unit 3 can be disposed below the water-guided laser emitting unit 1, and the first spiral airflow a channel 32 can be opened on the side of the housing of the first spiral airflow a generating unit 3. Multiple first spiral airflow a channels 32 can be provided. The gas source supplies gas to each first spiral airflow a channel 32 through the first air inlet interface, and the multiple first spiral airflow a channels 32 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the jet nozzle 11. The axial direction of the first spiral airflow a generating cavity 31 is consistent with the axial direction of the jet nozzle 11, and the jet nozzle 11 is located in the middle of the first spiral airflow a generating cavity 31. Each first spiral airflow a channel 32 is tangent to the wall of the first spiral airflow a generating cavity 31, thereby generating a first spiral airflow a in the first spiral airflow a generating cavity 31 that is consistent with the axial direction of the energy-carrying jet b.

[0029] For example, the number of first spiral airflow channels 32 can be 2 to 12, and the cross-sectional size of the first spiral airflow channels 32 can be 0.5 mm to 5 mm.

[0030] In some examples, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the above-mentioned irregular air film hole 5 processing device further includes: a second spiral airflow generator 4, which is used to generate a second spiral airflow, the second spiral airflow being located between the first spiral airflow a and the energy-carrying jet b, and is used to suppress the influence of ambient air on the energy-carrying jet b.

[0031] It is understandable that the irregularly shaped air film hole 5 processing device may also be equipped with a second spiral airflow generator 4. A second spiral airflow can be generated through the second spiral airflow generator 4. Specifically, the generated second spiral airflow can be located between the first spiral airflow a and the energy-carrying jet b. The second spiral airflow wraps around the outer periphery of the energy-carrying jet b to suppress the disturbance of the ambient air on the energy-carrying jet b, and can also disperse the reverse water mist and residue splashed during the processing, avoid interference, and improve the processing quality.

[0032] In some examples, such as Figure 2As shown, the second spiral airflow generating unit 4 includes: a second air inlet for connecting to the air source; a second air inlet for connecting to the air source; a second spiral airflow generating chamber 41 located between the first spiral generating chamber and the jet nozzle 11; and a plurality of second spiral airflow channels 42, all connected to the second air inlet, the plurality of second spiral airflow channels 42 being evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the jet nozzle 11, and each of the second spiral airflow channels 42 being tangent to the wall of the second spiral airflow generating chamber 41; wherein the first spiral airflow a, the second spiral airflow, and the energy-carrying jet b are coaxially arranged.

[0033] It is understood that the second spiral airflow generator 4 and the first spiral airflow generator 3 share the same housing. Multiple second spiral airflow channels 42 can be evenly arranged on the side of the housing. An air source can supply air to each second spiral airflow channel 42 through the second air inlet, thus separating the air supply channels of the first spiral airflow generator 3 and the second spiral airflow generator 4, achieving independent air supply. The second spiral airflow generating chamber 41 is located between the first spiral generating chamber and the jet nozzle 11, and multiple second spiral airflow channels 42 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the jet nozzle 11 to generate a second spiral airflow that envelops the energy-carrying jet b, protecting it. The first spiral airflow a, the second spiral airflow, and the energy-carrying jet b are coaxially arranged to avoid mutual interference within the effective working section of the energy-carrying jet b, improving stability.

[0034] like Figure 4 As shown, according to an embodiment of the second aspect of this disclosure, a method for processing irregularly shaped air film holes 5 is provided for processing irregularly shaped air film holes 5 as described in any of the above technical solutions. The processing method includes: Step S110: Construct a three-dimensional model of the above-mentioned irregular air film hole 5, and divide the above-mentioned irregular air film hole 5 into a straight hole segment 51 and an irregular segment 52 using the data of the above-mentioned three-dimensional model; It is understandable that a three-dimensional model of the irregularly shaped air film hole 5 can be constructed, and the irregularly shaped air film hole 5 can be divided into two processing areas, a straight hole section 51 and an irregularly shaped section 52, based on the geometric features of the three-dimensional model. Among them, the straight hole section 51 is a cylindrical hole region with a constant cross-section along the axial direction of the irregularly shaped air film hole 5; the irregularly shaped section 52 is an irregularly shaped diffusion region connected to one end of the straight hole section 51, with its radial dimension gradually increasing along the axial direction of the irregularly shaped air film hole 5.

[0035] It should be noted that the axis and generatrix of the irregularly shaped air film hole 5 are two different concepts. The axis of the irregularly shaped air film hole 5 is a straight line in space located at the center of the irregularly shaped air film hole 5; the generatrix is ​​the line that forms the surface contour of the hole wall of the irregularly shaped air film hole 5. For the cylindrical surface of the straight hole section 51, the generatrix is ​​parallel to the axis.

[0036] Step S120: Determine the first processing parameters of the straight hole section 51 based on the shape parameters of the straight hole section 51. Step S120 includes steps S121 to S124.

[0037] In step S121: Based on the dimensions of the workpiece 6 and the design angle of the irregular air film hole 5 on the workpiece 6, determine the inclination angle between the axis of the irregular air film hole 5 and the surface of the workpiece 6, the equivalent thickness of the workpiece 6 in the axial direction, the intersection line between the straight hole section 51 and the surface of the workpiece 6, and the interface intersection line between the irregular section 52 and the straight hole section 51. Understandably, the following geometric parameters can be extracted from the three-dimensional model of the irregularly shaped air film hole 5: the inclination angle α between the axis of the irregularly shaped air film hole 5 and the surface of the workpiece 6, and the equivalent thickness H_eff of the workpiece 6 in the direction of the axis of the irregularly shaped air film hole 5, where H_eff = H / sinα, and H is the geometric thickness of the workpiece 6. The intersection line Lz between the straight hole segment 51 and the surface of the workpiece 6, and the interface intersection line Ls between the irregularly shaped segment 52 and the straight hole segment 51 are obtained. For example, α can be from 15° to 75°.

[0038] Step S122: Determine the length of the first effective working section of the energy-carrying jet b for machining the straight hole section 51 based on the equivalent thickness mentioned above. Understandably, based on the characteristics of through-hole processing of the straight hole section 51, the first effective working section length of the energy-carrying jet b can be set as Lw1, where Lw1 ≥ H_eff + δ1, and δ1 is a preset first safety margin, which can be 1 mm to 5 mm.

[0039] Step S123: Determine the first air supply pressure and the first air supply flow rate of the first spiral airflow a generator 3 based on the first effective working section length mentioned above; Understandably, the controller can adjust the gas pressure and gas flow rate supplied to the first spiral airflow a generator 3 according to the first effective working length, so that the first spiral airflow a generates aerodynamic interaction with the energy-carrying jet b at a preset position, causing the water jet of the energy-carrying jet b to become unstable and break at the preset position, so that the effective working length of the energy-carrying jet b reaches the first effective working length.

[0040] Step S124: Set the end of the first effective working section as the first tool tip control point, and determine the first motion trajectory of the motion actuator 2 driving the first tool tip control point according to the surface intersection line.

[0041] Understandably, the first effective working end of the energy-carrying jet b can be set as the tool tip control point Pt1 for machining the straight hole section 51. The axial length of the energy-carrying jet b from the outlet of the jet nozzle 11 to Pt1, plus the working distance, equals Lw1, and Pt1 is the equivalent tool tip position during machining the straight hole section 51. Using Pt1 as the tool tip control point, a multi-axis machining first motion trajectory Sz is generated, causing Pt1 to move along the intersection line Lz and the axis of the energy-carrying jet b to be parallel to the axial direction ha of the straight hole section 51.

[0042] Step S130: According to the first processing parameters mentioned above, process the straight hole section 51 using the energy-carrying jet b; Understandably, the energy-carrying jet b can be adjusted to the first effective working section, and the tool tip control point Pt1 can be controlled by the controller to process the straight hole section 51 along the first motion trajectory Sz. Here, the first motion trajectory Sz is a spiral nesting path. The energy-carrying jet b feeds along the axial direction of the straight hole section 51, while Pt1 moves spirally along the circular cross-sectional contour of the straight hole section 51, removing the material of the straight hole section 51 layer by layer.

[0043] Step S140: Determine the second processing parameters of the irregular segment 52 based on the shape parameters of the irregular segment 52. Step S140 includes steps S141 to S143.

[0044] In step S141, the second effective working section length of the energy-carrying jet b is determined based on the distance from the incident point of the energy-carrying jet b to the opposite side wall of the cavity of the irregular air film hole 5 at the processing position of the irregular segment 52 along the axial direction of the energy-carrying jet b. It is understandable that the second effective working length of the energy-carrying jet b is set as Lw2. The principle for determining Lw2 is: Lw2≤t_beam(p)+δ2, where t_beam(p) is the distance from the injection point to the opposite side wall of the cavity along the jet axis at the processing position p of the irregular segment 52, and δ2 is the preset second safety distance, which can be 0mm~3mm. Furthermore, Lw2 should meet the back-damage prevention processing requirements of the irregular segment 52 to avoid back damage to the opposite side wall of the cavity caused by the energy-carrying jet b passing through the processed cavity during the processing, thereby improving the processing quality.

[0045] Step S142: Determine the second air supply pressure and the second air supply flow rate of the first spiral airflow a generating section 3 based on the second effective working section length mentioned above; Understandably, the controller can adjust the gas pressure and gas flow rate supplied to the first spiral airflow a generator 3 according to the length of the second effective working section, so that the first spiral airflow a generates aerodynamic interaction with the energy-carrying jet b at a preset position, so that the energy-carrying jet b becomes unstable and breaks before reaching the opposite side wall of the cavity of the irregular section 52 after completing the contour cutting of the irregular section 52, so as to eliminate back damage in terms of physical mechanism.

[0046] It should be noted that the second effective working length Lw2 < the first effective working length Lw1 can be achieved by adjusting the gas pressure and / or gas flow rate of the first spiral airflow a. Specifically, the gas pressure and / or gas flow rate of the first spiral airflow a corresponding to the second effective working length Lw2 is greater than the parameters corresponding to the first effective working length Lw1, that is, the effective working section length of the energy-carrying jet b is compressed by enhancing aerodynamic constraint.

[0047] Step S143: Set the end of the second effective working section as the second cutting tip control point, extract the intersection line of the irregular section 52 and the straight hole section 51 and the spatial position of the generatrix of the irregular section 52, and determine the second motion trajectory of the motion actuator 2 driving the second cutting tip control point to move based on the intersection line of the irregular section 52 and the straight hole section 51 and the spatial position of the generatrix of the irregular section 52.

[0048] Understandably, the controlled, usable jet tip is set as the tool tip control point Pt2 for machining the irregular segment 52, and the axial length of the energy-carrying jet b from the jet nozzle 11 outlet to Pt2 plus the working distance equals Lw2. Using Pt2 as the tool tip control point, a multi-axis machining second motion trajectory Sy is generated, causing Pt2 to move along the intersection line Ls and keeping the axis of the energy-carrying jet b parallel to the generatrix direction of the irregular segment 52.

[0049] It should be noted that the spatial position of the geometric generatrix of the irregular segment 52 is different from that of the cylindrical surface of the straight hole segment 51. The hole wall of the irregular segment 52 is a curved surface, and the generatrix of the irregular segment 52 diverges outward from the transition point with the straight hole segment 51 along the irregular contour surface, forming a curve that changes along the contour of the curved surface.

[0050] Step S150: According to the second processing parameters mentioned above, the irregular segment 52 is processed by the energy-carrying jet b.

[0051] Understandably, the energy-carrying jet b can be adjusted to the second effective working section, and the tool tip control point Pt2 can be controlled by the controller to process the irregular section 52 along the second motion trajectory Sy.

[0052] In some examples, the energy-carrying jet b in the second motion trajectory Sy feeds along the generatrix direction of the hole wall of the irregular segment 52, scanning and cutting line by line along the contour of the hole of the irregular segment 52. By changing the interlayer offset of different scanning paths, the target contour surface of the irregular segment 52 is approached layer by layer from the inside out, without the need for multiple layers of alternating horizontal or vertical scanning, avoiding the formation of step-like residues on the processing surface and improving the processing quality.

[0053] In some examples, the wall thickness of the sidewall in the tilt direction of the irregular segment 52 is greater than the wall thickness of the sidewall on the opposite side of the tilt, and the length of the second effective working segment corresponding to the tilt direction is greater than the length of the second effective working segment corresponding to the opposite side of the tilt.

[0054] It is understandable that, due to the asymmetrical distribution of wall thickness of the irregularly shaped segment 52 of the inclined irregularly shaped air film hole 5, the wall thickness of the sidewall in the tilt direction is greater than that on the opposite side of the tilt. Therefore, Lw2 can be dynamically adjusted by partitioning: a shorter Lw2 is used on the opposite side of the tilt to ensure processing safety; Lw2 can be appropriately increased on the tilt direction side to improve processing efficiency without causing back damage. Through dynamic adjustment, each position p of the processing trajectory Sy satisfies Lw2 ≤ t_beam(p) + δ2.

[0055] For example, the specific processing parameters for the irregularly shaped air film hole 5 with an inclination angle α of 30° are as follows: the equivalent thickness H_eff = H / cos30°, which can be 1.155H; in the first spiral airflow parameters a corresponding to the processing of the straight hole section 51, the supply air pressure P1 = 0.4MPa and the flow rate Q1 = 3L / min. The controller controls the motion actuator 2 to drive the water-guided laser emitting unit 1 to perform spiral nesting processing along the trajectory Sz, with a feed speed of 120mm / min. The gas source of the second spiral airflow generator can provide helium protective gas, and the gas flow rate of the second spiral airflow can be 2L / min. In the first spiral airflow parameters a corresponding to the processing of the irregularly shaped section 52, the supply air pressure P_H = 3MPa and the supply air flow rate Q_H = 15L / min corresponding to the processing of the opposite side of the inclination angle; and the supply air pressure P_M = 1.5MPa and the supply air flow rate Q_M = 8L / min corresponding to the processing of the side with the inclination angle. When machining the irregularly shaped segment 52, the target contour surface is approached layer by layer from the outside to the inside, with an interlayer offset of 0.08 mm. The laser generator of the water-guided laser emitting unit 1 can emit green nanosecond pulsed laser with a power of 200W and a wavelength of 532nm. The liquid supply unit of the water-guided laser emitting unit 1 can provide high-pressure pure water with a water pressure of 20MPa. After being coupled by the water jet formed by the jet nozzle 11 with a diameter of 100μm, an energy-carrying jet b is generated.

[0056] It should be understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only for distinguishing descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Although the terms "first," "second," etc., may be used herein to describe various units, these units should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one unit from another. For example, a first unit may be referred to as a second unit, and similarly, a second unit may be referred to as a first unit, without departing from the scope of the exemplary embodiments of the invention.

[0057] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, B exists alone, and A and B exist simultaneously. The term " / and" in this article describes another relationship between related objects, indicating that two relationships can exist. For example, A / and B can mean: A exists alone, and A and B exist alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the related objects before and after it are in an "or" relationship.

[0058] It should be understood that in the description of this invention, the terms "upper," "vertical," "inner," "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship as commonly placed when the disclosed product is used, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0059] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0060] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments of the invention. As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” and / or “including” as used herein specify the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, units, and / or components, and do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, quantities, steps, operations, units, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0061] Specific details are provided in the following description to provide a complete understanding of the exemplary embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the exemplary embodiments can be implemented without these specific details. In other embodiments, well-known processes, structures, and techniques may be omitted in the depiction of non-essential details to avoid obscuring the exemplary embodiments.

[0062] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

[0063] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section above is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of this disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A device for processing irregularly shaped air film holes, characterized in that, include: A water-guided laser emitter is used to emit an energy-carrying jet toward a workpiece. A motion actuator, wherein the water-guided laser emitter is connected to the motion actuator; The first spiral airflow generator is connected to the water-guided laser emitter and is used to emit a first spiral airflow to envelop the energy-carrying jet in order to adjust the effective working length of the energy-carrying jet. The controller is used to control the motion actuator to adjust the motion path of the water-guided laser unit so that the axial direction of the energy-carrying jet emitted by the water-guided laser unit is consistent with the generatrix direction of the irregularly shaped air film hole to be processed; the controller is used to control the air supply pressure and air supply flow of the first spiral airflow generator so that the first spiral airflow interacts with the energy-carrying jet at a preset position, and adjust the effective working section length of the energy-carrying jet.

2. The irregularly shaped air film hole processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water-guided laser emitting unit includes: A laser generator is used to produce a laser beam; The liquid supply unit is used to provide water flow; A water-optical coupling module is used to couple the laser beam and the water flow to generate an energy-carrying jet; A jet nozzle, connected to the water-optical coupling module, is used to emit the energy-carrying jet.

3. The irregularly shaped air film hole processing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first spiral airflow generator includes: The first air intake port is used to connect to the air source; The first spiral airflow generating chamber, wherein the jet nozzle is disposed in the middle of the first spiral airflow generating chamber; Multiple first spiral airflow channels are connected to the first air inlet. The multiple first spiral airflow channels are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the jet nozzle, and each first spiral airflow channel is tangent to the wall of the first spiral airflow generating chamber.

4. The irregularly shaped air film hole processing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: The second spiral airflow generator is used to generate a second spiral airflow, which is located between the first spiral airflow and the energy-carrying jet, and is used to suppress the influence of ambient air on the energy-carrying jet.

5. The irregularly shaped air film hole processing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second spiral airflow generator includes: The second air intake port is used to connect to the air source; The second spiral airflow generating chamber is located between the first spiral generating chamber and the jet nozzle; Multiple second spiral airflow channels are connected to the second air inlet. The multiple second spiral airflow channels are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the jet nozzle, and each second spiral airflow channel is tangent to the wall of the second spiral airflow generating chamber. The first spiral airflow, the second spiral airflow, and the energy-carrying jet are arranged coaxially.

6. A method for processing irregularly shaped air film holes, used to process the irregularly shaped air film holes as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, include: A three-dimensional model of the irregularly shaped air film pore is constructed, and the irregularly shaped air film pore is divided into straight pore segments and irregularly shaped segments based on the data of the three-dimensional model; Based on the shape parameters of the straight hole section, determine the first processing parameters of the straight hole section; The straight hole section is processed using the energy-carrying jet according to the first processing parameters; Based on the shape parameters of the irregular segment, determine the second processing parameters of the irregular segment; The irregular segment is processed by the energy-carrying jet according to the second processing parameters.

7. The method for processing irregularly shaped air film holes according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of determining the first processing parameters of the straight hole segment based on the shape parameters of the straight hole segment includes: Based on the workpiece dimensions and the design angle of the irregularly shaped air film hole on the workpiece, determine the inclination angle between the axis of the irregularly shaped air film hole and the surface of the workpiece, the equivalent thickness of the workpiece in the axial direction, the intersection line between the straight hole section and the surface of the workpiece, and the interface intersection line between the irregularly shaped section and the straight hole section. The length of the first effective working section of the energy-carrying jet for machining the straight hole section is determined based on the equivalent thickness. Based on the length of the first effective working section, determine the first air supply pressure and the first air supply flow rate of the first spiral airflow generator; The end of the first effective working segment is set as the first blade tip control point, and the first motion trajectory of the motion actuator driving the first blade tip control point to move is determined according to the surface intersection line.

8. The method for processing irregularly shaped air film holes according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of determining the second processing parameters of the irregular segment based on the shape parameters of the irregular segment includes: The length of the second effective working section of the energy-carrying jet is determined based on the distance from the incident point of the energy-carrying jet to the opposite side wall of the cavity of the irregular air film hole along the axial direction of the energy-carrying jet at the processing position of the irregular section. The second air supply pressure and the second air supply flow rate of the first spiral airflow generator are determined based on the second effective working section length. The end of the second effective working section is set as the second cutting tip control point. The intersection line of the irregular section and the straight hole section and the spatial position of the generatrix of the irregular section are extracted. Based on the intersection line of the irregular section and the straight hole section and the spatial position of the generatrix of the irregular section, the second motion trajectory of the motion actuator driving the second cutting tip control point to move is determined.

9. The method for processing irregularly shaped air film holes according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the second motion trajectory, the energy-carrying jet feeds along the generatrix direction of the hole wall of the irregular segment and scans and cuts the hole contour of the processed part of the irregular segment layer by layer. By changing the interlayer offset of the scanning path, it approaches the target contour surface of the irregular segment layer by layer from the inside to the outside.

10. The method for processing irregularly shaped air film holes according to claim 8, characterized in that, The wall thickness of the sidewall in the tilt direction of the irregular segment is greater than the wall thickness on the opposite side of the tilt, and the length of the second effective working segment corresponding to the tilt direction is greater than the length of the second effective working segment corresponding to the opposite side of the tilt.

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