Auxiliary fixing device for welding of condenser shell

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of welding auxiliary positioning technology and discloses an auxiliary fixing device for welding condenser shells, including a shell; a support frame for supporting the shell to be welded; a pressing component; and a positioning component for restricting and positioning the parts to be welded on the shell. The pressing component is compressed by the gravity of the shell, controlling the rotation of the positioning component to assist in positioning the parts to be welded. This auxiliary fixing device for welding condenser shells, by setting a pressing component, utilizes the downward pressure of the condenser shell's own gravity as a trigger condition, causing the positioning component to automatically rotate to its working position after the shell is hoisted into place, without the need for an additional power source or manual operation. In the initial state, the positioning component is in an outward tilted yielding state, providing ample space for shell hoisting and avoiding interference between the positioning component and the shell, thus improving the convenience of loading and reducing the risk of collision during hoisting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of welding auxiliary positioning technology, specifically to an auxiliary fixing device for welding condenser shells. Background Technology

[0002] During the manufacturing process of condensers, their shells are typically assembled from multiple components through welding. The shell structure is complex, involving the positioning and fixing of various shaped parts (such as square fittings, interface flanges, plate-shaped fittings, etc.). Currently, the positioning work before welding the condenser shell mostly relies on manual measurement and adjustment. Operators need to use tools such as rulers to determine the installation position of each component one by one, and then perform spot welding or full welding in sequence.

[0003] Currently, manual positioning is inefficient during the condenser shell welding stage, making it difficult to meet the needs of mass production. Secondly, during the welding process, due to thermal deformation of the shell or the weight of the components, the positioned components are prone to displacement, resulting in deviations in the final welding position and affecting the overall dimensional accuracy and sealing performance of the shell. In addition, the lack of a universal positioning structure for components of different shapes often requires the design of special fixtures for different components, increasing tooling costs and changeover time. Therefore, an auxiliary fixing device for condenser shell welding is proposed to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Technical problems to be solved

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an auxiliary fixing device for welding condenser shells, which solves the problem of inaccurate positioning during welding of condenser shells in existing technologies.

[0006] Technical solution

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an auxiliary fixing device for welding condenser shells, comprising a shell; a support frame for supporting the shell to be welded; a pressing member; and a positioning member for restricting and positioning the parts to be welded on the shell; wherein the pressing member is squeezed by the gravity of the shell, and controls the rotation of the positioning member to assist in positioning the parts to be welded.

[0008] The positioning component includes a connecting plate, one end of which is connected to a pressing component. An upper shaft is connected to the connecting plate, and an arc-shaped frame is slidably connected to the upper shaft. An annular frame is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped frame, and multiple positioning devices are provided on the annular frame. The positioning devices are used to accurately position the welded parts.

[0009] Preferably, the positioning device includes a sealing sleeve, a pull shaft slidably connected to the sealing sleeve, a positioning piece at the bottom of the pull shaft, a relief spring connected to the positioning piece, and the top of the relief spring connected to the sealing sleeve.

[0010] Preferably, a slide rod is slidably connected to the connecting plate, one end of the slide rod is connected to a retaining strip, the retaining strip is composed of two plates with a retaining gap between them, the retaining gap on the retaining strip engages with the end face step of the housing, the other end of the slide rod is connected to a piston, a cylinder sleeve is slidably connected to the surface of the piston, the cylinder sleeve is fixed to the connecting plate, and multiple connecting pipes are connected to the end face of the cylinder sleeve, the other end of the connecting pipes communicating with a sealing sleeve.

[0011] Preferably, the sealing sleeve has a negative pressure chamber inside, and a piston plate is slidably connected inside the negative pressure chamber. The piston plate is fixedly connected to the pull shaft. The piston moves inside the cylinder sleeve to generate negative pressure, which is then transmitted to the negative pressure chamber inside the sealing sleeve 410 through the connecting pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the pressing component includes a pressure column, which is slidably connected to a support frame. The support frame has a V-groove with multiple rollers arranged thereon. A pressure plate is fixedly connected to the pressure column, and a downward pressure spring is connected to the bottom of the pressure plate. The bottom of the downward pressure spring abuts against the support frame. A pull rod is rotatably connected to the pressure plate, and a rotating sleeve is rotatably connected to the pull rod. A rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the rotating sleeve and rotatably connected to the support frame. A connecting plate is connected to the rotating shaft.

[0013] Preferably, a key shaft is connected to the side of the pressure plate, and two telescopic members are provided on the key shaft. Each telescopic member is connected to an upper toothed rod. A fixed toothed sleeve and a movable toothed sleeve are respectively engaged on the two upper toothed rods. The fixed toothed sleeve is fixed to the upper shaft, and the movable toothed sleeve is slidably connected to the upper shaft through a keyway. A side support sleeve is connected to the fixed toothed sleeve through a connecting rod. A pressure-relieving spring is sleeved on the surface of the upper shaft. One end of the pressure-relieving spring is connected to the arc-shaped frame, and the other end of the pressure-relieving spring is connected to the fixed toothed sleeve.

[0014] Preferably, the movable toothed sleeve is connected to an intermediate connecting rod, and a limit strip and an oblique support sleeve are slidably connected to the intermediate connecting rod via a keyway. Both the oblique support sleeve and the side support sleeve are provided with right-angle grooves, and the oblique support sleeve and the side support sleeve are arranged diagonally opposite each other.

[0015] Preferably, two support rods are slidably connected to the limiting strip and the inclined support sleeve. A sleeve is connected to the end face of the support rod. A small spring is provided between the sleeve and the limiting strip. A retraction spring is sleeved on the intermediate connecting rod. One end of the retraction spring abuts against the inclined support sleeve, and the other end of the retraction spring is connected to the intermediate connecting rod.

[0016] Preferably, a return spring is connected to the side of the movable toothed sleeve, the return spring is sleeved on the upper shaft, the surface of the upper shaft is provided with a spiral groove, and a sliding pin is slidably connected inside the spiral groove, the sliding pin being fixed inside the movable toothed sleeve.

[0017] Preferably, the telescopic member includes a lower connecting rod, the top of which is connected to a telescopic rod, and the telescopic rod is connected to an upper toothed rod.

[0018] Beneficial effects

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an auxiliary fixing device for welding condenser shells, which has the following advantages:

[0020] 1. This auxiliary fixing device for welding the condenser shell uses a pressing component to trigger the positioning component to automatically rotate to its working position after the shell is hoisted into place, without the need for an additional power source or manual operation. Initially, the positioning component is tilted outwards, providing ample space for shell hoisting and preventing interference between the positioning component and the shell. This improves the ease of material loading and reduces the risk of collisions during hoisting.

[0021] 2. The auxiliary fixing device for welding the condenser shell, by incorporating a ring frame and multiple positioning devices within the positioning components, along with structures such as inclined supports, side supports, and insert sleeves, can perform insertion-type clamping or right-angle groove limiting on welding parts of different shapes, such as flanges, square plates, and interface fittings, achieving simultaneous positioning of multiple types of fittings. The positioning plates automatically clamp the parts under the action of the relief spring, ensuring that each fitting maintains a precise relative position with the shell before welding, significantly reducing manual measurement and adjustment time.

[0022] 3. The auxiliary fixing device for welding the condenser shell utilizes a negative pressure system composed of a clamping strip, sliding rod, piston, and cylinder liner, along with a cooperative structure of a pressure-relieving spring, movable toothed sleeve, and spiral groove. After welding, simply moving the shell laterally simultaneously causes the positioning plate to exit from the flange port, and the annular frame and inclined support sleeve to detach from the shell as a whole. This linked demolding mechanism eliminates the need to individually release the positioning components, effectively avoiding the problem of jamming between the positioning parts and the welded finished product. This allows the shell to be quickly lifted after welding, significantly improving production cycle time.

[0023] 4. This auxiliary fixing device for condenser shell welding integrates gravity triggering, negative pressure adsorption, gear meshing transmission, and multi-directional limiting. It requires no external gas or power source, has a compact structure, and high reliability. One set of devices can meet the positioning requirements of various condenser shell components, reducing the types of special fixtures and changeover time, effectively reducing tooling investment costs, and is suitable for both manual welding and robotic automated welding scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an auxiliary fixing device for welding condenser shells proposed in this invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure component structure of an auxiliary fixing device for welding condenser shells proposed in this invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning component of an auxiliary fixing device for welding condenser shells proposed in this invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped frame connection structure of an auxiliary fixing device for welding condenser shells proposed in this invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the ring frame connection structure of an auxiliary fixing device for welding condenser shells proposed in this invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the position structure of the side support sleeve and the oblique support sleeve of the auxiliary fixing device for welding condenser shell proposed in this invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the movable toothed sleeve connection structure of an auxiliary fixing device for welding condenser shells proposed in this invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Housing; 2. Bearing frame; 3. Pressing component; 301. V-groove; 302. Pressing column; 303. Pressing plate; 304. Lower pressure spring; 305. Tie rod; 306. Rotating sleeve; 307. Rotating shaft; 4. Positioning component; 401. Upper shaft; 402. Connecting plate; 403. Clamping strip; 404. Slide rod; 405. Piston; 406. Cylinder liner; 407. Connecting pipe; 408. Arc frame; 409. Ring frame; 410. Sealing sleeve; 411. Pull shaft ; 412, Positioning plate; 413, Yield spring; 414, Piston plate; 415, Key shaft; 416, Lower connecting rod; 417, Telescopic rod; 418, Upper toothed rod; 419, Fixed toothed sleeve; 420, Movable toothed sleeve; 421, Limiting strip; 422, Inclined support sleeve; 423, Intermediate connecting rod; 424, Retraction spring; 425, Insert sleeve; 426, Side support sleeve; 427, Support rod; 428, Return spring; 429, Spiral groove; 430, Small spring; 5, Pressure relief spring. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Please see Figures 1-7 An auxiliary fixing device for welding a condenser shell includes a shell 1; a support frame 2 for supporting the shell 1 to be welded; a pressing member 3; and a positioning member 4 for restricting and positioning the parts to be welded on the shell 1. The pressing member 3 is squeezed by the gravity of the shell 1, and controls the rotation of the positioning member 4 to assist in positioning the parts to be welded.

[0034] In this embodiment, the positioning component 4 includes a connecting plate 402, one end of which is connected to the pressing component 3. An upper shaft 401 is connected to the connecting plate 402, and an arc-shaped frame 408 is slidably connected to the upper shaft 401. An annular frame 409 is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped frame 408, and multiple positioning devices are provided on the annular frame 409. The positioning devices are used to accurately position the welded parts. The arc-shaped frame 408 can reciprocate along the axial direction of the upper shaft 401, thereby achieving lateral separation from the shell after welding. The annular frame 409 is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped frame 408. The annular frame 409 has an arc or annular structure, and its inner ring contour is adapted to the outer circumferential shape of the condenser shell, so that the annular frame 409 can partially cover or surround the outside of the shell, forming a circumferential positioning reference for the shell. Multiple positioning devices are provided at intervals along the circumference of the annular frame 409, and the number and distribution position of each positioning device are adapted to the layout of the parts to be welded on the shell. The positioning device is used to accurately position the welded parts, including but not limited to flanges, plate fittings and interface components. The positioning device limits each part to the corresponding welding position on the outer wall of the shell, preventing relative displacement during the welding process, thereby ensuring the dimensional and positional accuracy of the welded assembly.

[0035] Furthermore, the positioning device includes a sealing sleeve 410, a pull shaft 411 slidably connected to the sealing sleeve 410, a positioning piece 412 at the bottom of the pull shaft 411, and a relief spring 413 connected to the positioning piece 412. The top of the relief spring 413 is connected to the sealing sleeve 410. The positioning piece 412 is used to form an insertion fit with the interface of the part to be welded, such as a flange port. The outer dimensions of the positioning piece 412 are adapted to the inner diameter of the part interface to achieve precise positioning and temporary fixation of the part. The relief spring 413 is connected to the positioning piece 412 and is sleeved on the outside of the pull shaft 411, with its top fixedly connected to or abutting against the bottom of the sealing sleeve 410. In the initial state, the relief spring 413 is in its naturally extended state, and the positioning plate 412 remains extended under the elastic support of the relief spring 413. When the part to be welded is placed under the positioning plate 412, the relief spring 413 is further compressed, and the positioning plate 412 is pressed tightly against the inner wall or port of the part's interface by the spring's own elastic force, thereby achieving elastic clamping positioning. At the same time, the relief spring 413 also provides a certain floating margin for the pull shaft 411 and the positioning plate 412 to accommodate the slight dimensional differences of parts of different specifications and avoid rigid contact that could cause damage to the parts or positioning failure.

[0036] Furthermore, a slide rod 404 is slidably connected to the connecting plate 402. One end of the slide rod 404 is connected to a retaining strip 403, which consists of two plates with a locking gap between them. The locking gap on the retaining strip 403 engages with the end face step of the housing 1. The other end of the slide rod 404 is connected to a piston 405, and a cylinder liner 406 is slidably connected to the surface of the piston 405. The cylinder liner 406 is fixed to the connecting plate 402, and multiple connecting pipes 407 are connected to the end face of the cylinder liner 406. The other end of the connecting pipes 407 communicates with the sealing sleeve 410. When the housing 1 moves laterally, the retaining strip 403 and the slide rod 404 can move synchronously through the step surface, thereby transmitting the linear motion of the housing to the subsequent actuators. A piston 405 is fixedly connected to the other end of the slide rod 404. The piston 405 is slidably sealed to a cylinder liner 406. The piston 405 can reciprocate inside the cylinder liner 406. The cylinder liner 406 is fixedly mounted on the connecting plate 402 to maintain the stability of the overall structure. Multiple connecting pipes 407 are connected to the end face of the cylinder liner 406. One end of each connecting pipe 407 is connected to the internal cavity of the cylinder liner 406, and the other end of each connecting pipe 407 is connected to the internal negative pressure cavity of the corresponding sealing sleeve 410. When the housing 1 moves laterally after welding, the housing moves relative to the connecting plate 402 via the stepped surface, causing the retaining strip 403 and the sliding rod 404 to slide. The sliding rod 404 drives the piston 405 to perform a suction motion within the cylinder liner 406, generating a negative pressure inside the cylinder liner 406. This negative pressure is transmitted to the negative pressure chambers of each sealing sleeve 410 via multiple connecting pipes 407, thereby driving the piston plate 414 inside the sealing sleeve 410 to move upward, achieving automatic disengagement of the positioning plate 412 from the welded parts. The sealing sleeve 410 has a negative pressure chamber inside, and the piston plate 414 is slidably connected inside the negative pressure chamber. The piston plate 414 is fixedly connected to the pull shaft 411. The piston 405 performs piston movement within the cylinder liner 406, generating negative pressure, which is then transmitted to the negative pressure chamber inside the sealing sleeve 410 via the connecting pipes 407.

[0037] In addition, the pressing component 3 includes a pressing column 302, which is slidably connected to the support frame 2. The support frame 2 has a V-groove 301 with multiple rollers. A pressure plate 303 is fixedly connected to the pressing column 302, and a downward pressure spring 304 is connected to the bottom of the pressure plate 303. The bottom of the downward pressure spring 304 abuts against the support frame 2. A pull rod 305 is rotatably connected to the pressure plate 303, and a rotating sleeve 306 is rotatably connected to the pull rod 305. A rotating shaft 307 is fixedly connected to the rotating sleeve 306 and is rotatably connected to the support frame 2. A connecting plate 402 is connected to the rotating shaft 307. When the housing 1 is placed, the pressing column 302 moves downward under gravity, compressing the downward pressure spring 304, and simultaneously transmitting the downward pressure to the subsequent transmission components through the pressure plate 303. A pull rod 305 is rotatably connected to the pressure plate 303. The pull rod 305 is arranged at an angle, with one end hinged to the pressure plate 303 and the other end hinged to the rotating sleeve 306. A rotating shaft 307 is fixedly connected to the rotating sleeve 306, and the rotating shaft 307 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the support frame 2 through a bearing. When the pressure plate 303 moves down, the pull rod 305 pulls the rotating sleeve 306 to rotate, which in turn drives the rotating shaft 307 to rotate at an angle. One end of the connecting plate 402 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 307. The rotation angle of the rotating shaft 307 directly drives the connecting plate 402 and the entire positioning component 4 to rotate synchronously, so that the positioning component 4 is in an outward tilting and yielding state when the shell is hoisted, and automatically rotates to the working position after the shell is in place, thereby realizing the adaptive positioning of the positioning component 4 as the shell is placed.

[0038] In addition, a key shaft 415 is connected to the side of the pressure plate 303. Two telescopic components are provided on the key shaft 415. Each telescopic component is connected to an upper toothed rod 418. A fixed toothed sleeve 419 and a movable toothed sleeve 420 are respectively engaged on the two upper toothed rods 418. The fixed toothed sleeve 419 is fixed on the upper shaft 401. The movable toothed sleeve 420 is slidably connected to the upper shaft 401 through a keyway. A side support sleeve 426 is connected to the fixed toothed sleeve 419 through a connecting rod. A pressure-relieving spring 5 is sleeved on the surface of the upper shaft 401. One end of the pressure-relieving spring 5 is connected to the arc frame 408, and the other end of the pressure-relieving spring 5 is connected to the fixed toothed sleeve 419. When the pressure plate 303 moves downward with the housing, the key shaft 415 moves downward synchronously, driving the upper gear 418 downward through the telescopic component. The upper gear 418 engages with the fixed gear sleeve 419 and the movable gear sleeve 420 respectively, thereby driving the upper shaft 401 to rotate at a large angle, causing the positioning component 4 to flip from the yielding state to the working position aligned with the housing. A side support sleeve 426 is fixedly connected to the fixed gear sleeve 419 via a connecting rod. The side support sleeve 426 is located on one side of the ring frame 409 and has a right-angle groove for limiting one corner of the plate-shaped or square component. A pressure-relieving spring 5 is sleeved on the surface of the upper shaft 401. One end of the pressure-relieving spring 5 is fixedly connected to or abuts against the arc frame 408, and the other end of the pressure-relieving spring 5 is fixedly connected to or abuts against the fixed gear sleeve 419. The pressure relief spring 5 provides elastic buffering when the arc frame 408 slides axially along the upper shaft 401, and pushes the arc frame 408 and the ring frame 409 back to the initial position by its own elastic force after welding, thus helping to achieve automatic separation of the positioning part 4 from the housing 1.

[0039] It is worth noting that an intermediate connecting rod 423 is connected to the movable gear sleeve 420. A limit strip 421 and an inclined support sleeve 422 are slidably connected to the intermediate connecting rod 423 via a keyway. Both the inclined support sleeve 422 and the side support sleeve 426 are provided with right-angled grooves, and these grooves are arranged diagonally opposite each other. The groove walls of the right-angled grooves are L-shaped or V-shaped, used to form a fitting limit with the adjacent two sides of the square fitting. Specifically, the right-angled grooves on the inclined support sleeve 422 and the side support sleeve 426 are arranged diagonally opposite each other, that is, they are located at opposite angles in the circumferential direction of the ring frame 409. When the square component is placed on the housing, one corner of it is embedded in the right-angled groove of the oblique support sleeve 422, and the other corner of it is embedded in the right-angled groove of the side support sleeve 426. The two obliquely arranged right-angled grooves provide comprehensive constraints on the four degrees of freedom of the square component, limiting both its horizontal translation and rotational offset. This ensures that the square component is precisely positioned on the outer wall of the housing before welding. Simultaneously, the oblique arrangement of the oblique support sleeve 422 and the side support sleeve 426 allows the square component, after welding, to simultaneously push the oblique support sleeve 422 and the connected limiting strip 421 along the intermediate connecting rod 423 as the housing moves laterally. This, in turn, causes the movable toothed sleeve 420 to undergo axial displacement and rotation, achieving the linkage disengagement of the positioning component from the welded component.

[0040] It is worth noting that two support rods 427 are slidably connected to the limiting strip 421 and the inclined support sleeve 422. A sleeve 425 is connected to the end face of each support rod 427. A small spring 430 is provided between the sleeve 425 and the limiting strip 421. A retraction spring 424 is sleeved on the intermediate connecting rod 423. One end of the retraction spring 424 abuts against the inclined support sleeve 422, and the other end is connected to the intermediate connecting rod 423. A return spring 428 is connected to the side of the movable gear sleeve 420. The return spring 428 is sleeved on the upper shaft 401. A spiral groove 429 is formed on the surface of the upper shaft 401. A sliding pin is slidably connected inside the spiral groove 429 and is fixed inside the movable gear sleeve 420. When the plate-shaped component is placed on the housing, its two side edges are inserted into the two inserts 425 respectively. The groove walls of the inserts 425 clamp and position the plate-shaped component on both sides, limiting its displacement in the direction perpendicular to the welding surface. When the housing moves laterally for demolding, the support rod 427 can slide on the limit strip 421 and the inclined support sleeve 422. The small spring 430 also provides elastic buffer stroke for the sliding of the support rod 427, buffering the impact force during demolding. The contraction spring 424 is always in a compressed state. Its elastic force pushes the inclined support sleeve 422 and the inserts 425 fixed on it towards the housing 1, ensuring that the right-angle groove on the inclined support sleeve 422 and the square component remain tightly fitted during welding, preventing the component from shifting after welding and positioning. When welding is completed and the housing moves laterally, the housing pushes the inclined support sleeve 422 against the elastic force of the contraction spring 424 and slides along the intermediate connecting rod 423 through the welded component, providing the movement stroke for the subsequent demolding action. When the movable toothed sleeve 420 slides a certain distance along the upper shaft 401, the sliding pin moves axially and enters the spiral section of the spiral groove 429. Under the guidance of the spiral groove 429, the movable toothed sleeve 420 is forced to rotate circumferentially while continuing to move axially. This drives the upper shaft 401 to rotate synchronously through the keyway connection, realizing the function of converting axial linear motion into rotational motion. The cooperation structure between the spiral groove 429 and the sliding pin ensures that when the housing moves laterally to demold, the movable toothed sleeve 420 not only slides along the upper shaft 401 but also rotates. This causes the intermediate connecting rod 423, the limiting strip 421, and the inclined support sleeve 422 to flip as a whole, causing the right-angle grooves on the insert sleeve 425 and the inclined support sleeve 422 to detach from the surface of the welded parts, completing the complete separation of the entire positioning part from the housing and welded parts.

[0041] In addition, the telescopic component includes a lower connecting rod 416, the top of which is connected to a telescopic rod 417, which is connected to an upper toothed rod 418. In the initial stage when the pressure plate 303 moves down and the key shaft 415 descends synchronously, the telescopic rod 417 remains extended, directly transmitting the downward movement of the lower connecting rod 416 to the upper gear 418, causing the upper gear 418 to drive the fixed gear sleeve 419 and the movable gear sleeve 420 to rotate, thus causing the positioning part 4 to flip as a whole to the working position aligned with the horizontal alignment of the housing. Secondly, during the demolding stage when the housing moves laterally after welding, when the movable gear sleeve 420 is passively rotated due to the interaction between the spiral groove 429 and the sliding pin, the upper gear 418, which meshes with the movable gear sleeve 420, will be subjected to circumferential meshing force and tend to move upward. At this time, the telescopic rod 417 can retract upward relative to the lower connecting rod 416, providing the necessary upward movement and avoidance stroke for the upper gear 418, thereby preventing gear meshing jamming due to the difference in rotation angle between the fixed gear sleeve 419 and the movable gear sleeve 420. The telescopic cooperation structure between the telescopic rod 417 and the lower connecting rod 416 ensures reliable driving of the upper toothed rod 418 to the toothed sleeve during the triggering stage of the pressing component 3, and provides motion compensation margin for passive rotation during the demolding stage. This ensures that the entire transmission chain can maintain smooth operation in both different motion modes, effectively preventing mechanism interference and jamming.

[0042] The working principle is as follows: First, the condenser shell requires the welding of multiple components to achieve its shape. Traditional positioning methods are too simplistic, relying on rulers for measurement and individual component positioning. This method is inefficient and prone to component displacement during welding, resulting in deviations in the final welded position. In contrast, this new equipment first uses a crane to hoist the condenser's circular shell onto the V-grooves 301 on two support frames 2. Then, the entire shell 1 is pushed to the right, aligning the left step of shell 1 with the support frame 2. Therefore, the overall reference plane is the left outer plane of the left step of shell 1. During this leftward movement, the right end of shell 1 gradually moves to the center of the annular frame 409, effectively fitting the annular frame 409 onto shell 1. During the placement phase, the weight of the entire housing 1 abuts against the pressure column 302, causing it to move downwards and compressing the downward spring 304. The pressure column 302 then synchronously moves the pressure plate 303 downwards, which in turn causes the pressure plate 303 to rotate via the pull rod 305, rotating the rotating sleeve 306. The rotation of the rotating sleeve 306 then causes the rotating shaft 307 to rotate at an angle, thereby rotating the entire positioning component 4 at a certain angle, positioning it on the periphery of the housing. Initially, the positioning component 4 is in an outward tilted state, providing clearance for the hanger to lift the housing 1. Otherwise, if the positioning component 4 were above the pressure component 3, it would be difficult to lift the housing 1 from top to bottom onto the support frame 2. Therefore, this clearance structure is designed. The downward pressure of the housing 1's gravity is used as the trigger condition. Therefore, during the initial welding stage of the entire housing 1, during the positioning phase, the housing 1 is centered and supported by the V-groove 301 on the support frame 2, which controls the rotation of the positioning component 4 into its fixed position. After the housing 1 is moved to the reference position, that is, the position where the left step of the housing 1 abuts against the left support frame 2, the operator places the accessories to be welded in sequence, especially the square accessory at the top and the interface accessory on the right. The square accessory is placed directly according to the diagonal shape of the oblique support sleeve 422 and the side support sleeve 426, and the right-angle slot has already defined the installation position. Next is the position of the multiple interface flange pipes. At this time, the ring frame 409 is already in the fixed position area. Then, the accessories to be welded are placed one by one at the bottom of the positioning plate 412. Relying on the elastic compression of the relief spring 413, the positioning plate 412 is controlled to insert and press the flange pipe opening, so that the accessory abuts against the housing 1, which facilitates the subsequent welding operation. Finally, the plate-shaped accessory is placed directly inside the two plug sleeves 425, and the space inside the plug sleeves 425 is used for positioning. At this time, most of the accessories are determined. Then, the operator can use manual welding or robotic equipment for welding.After welding, some positioning structures are located inside the fittings. At this point, the operator needs to rotate the locking strip 403 to engage it at the right step position of the housing 1. Then, push the housing 1 to the left a certain distance. The leftward movement of the housing 1 will cause the annular frame 409 and the inclined support sleeve 422 to move synchronously through the welded fittings. The annular frame 409 will simultaneously drive the arc frame 408 to slide on the rotating shaft 307 and the upper shaft 401. The arc frame 408 will compress the pressure relief spring 5. At the same time, the housing 1 will simultaneously drive the locking strip 403 and the sliding rod 404 to move. 04 will drive the piston 405 to perform a piston suction action inside the cylinder liner 406, thereby generating negative pressure. The negative pressure will be transmitted to the inside of the sealing sleeve 410 through multiple connecting pipes 407, which will have a suction effect on the piston plate 414. The piston plate 414 will drive the pull shaft 411 to move upward inside the sealing sleeve 410, that is, to expand and slide outward. Multiple pull shafts 411 will expand and slide outward simultaneously, thereby driving the positioning plate 412 to disengage from the flange port. After disengagement, it will be reset by the elastic force of the pressure relief spring 5 and will move laterally and disengage from the ring stage of the housing 1, moving to the initial right side position. Secondly, after the housing 1 and the square fitting are welded together, during the left sliding phase, the square fitting will simultaneously push the inclined support sleeve 422 and the limiting strip 421 to move. During the movement, the limiting strip 421 will simultaneously drive the movable gear sleeve 420 to slide in a keyway on the upper shaft 401. After sliding a certain distance, the sliding pin inside the movable gear sleeve 420 will enter the position of the spiral groove 429 and rotate. The sliding pin slides in the spiral groove 429, controlling the rotation of the movable gear sleeve 420. The rotation of the movable gear sleeve 420 will... The limiting strip 421 and the inclined support sleeve 422 on the intermediate connecting rod 423 are flipped synchronously, as are the two insert sleeves 425 connected to them. When the housing 1 moves laterally, it will synchronously drive the inclined support sleeve 422 and the limiting strip 421 to slide on the support rod 427, and compress the small spring 430, so that it can bear a certain buffer effect during the movement. The flipping of the movable toothed sleeve 420 will use the keyway connection to drive the upper shaft 401 to rotate, which will indirectly drive the other fixed toothed sleeve 419 to rotate. In the initial welding stage, the components are not on the shell 1. Therefore, when the pressure column 302 drives the pressure plate 303 to press down, it also drives the key shaft 415 to move down. This, in turn, drives the upper gear 418 to move down through the connection between the connecting rods. The upper gear 418 then meshes with the fixed gear sleeve 419 and rotates. The meshing between the teeth drives the upper shaft 401 to rotate at a large angle, bringing it to a horizontal alignment position with the shell 1. The upper gear 418 is connected to the fixed gear sleeve 419 through a ring. It is necessary to control the upper gear 418 to be in a state of engagement with the fixed gear sleeve 419 while it is under weight. Therefore, after the welding is completed, the lateral movement of the condenser shell can drive the unfolding and disengagement of the positioning component 4, facilitating subsequent lifting.The telescopic rod 417 is designed so that when the movable gear sleeve 420 is passively rotated due to the sliding of the spiral groove 429, the meshing of the fixed gear sleeve 419 and the movable gear sleeve 420 will drive the upper gear rod 418 to move upward to a certain extent, while the lower connecting rod 416 remains in a fixed relative position, passively rotating and providing upward movement distance to avoid jamming. Therefore, the entire condenser shell can be easily positioned and hoisted in both the initial and later stages of welding, effectively improving the efficiency and accuracy of shell welding.

[0043] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

Claims

1. An auxiliary fixing device for welding condenser shells, characterized in that, include: Shell (1); The support frame (2) is used to support the required welded shell (1); Pressure component (3); Positioning element (4) is used to restrict and position the parts to be welded on the housing (1); The pressing member (3) is squeezed by the gravity of the housing (1), which controls the rotation of the positioning member (4) to assist in positioning the welded parts. The positioning component (4) includes a connecting plate (402), one end of which is connected to the pressing component (3). An upper shaft (401) is connected to the connecting plate (402), and an arc frame (408) is slidably connected to the upper shaft (401). An annular frame (409) is fixedly connected to the arc frame (408), and multiple positioning devices are provided on the annular frame (409). The positioning devices are used to accurately position the welded parts.

2. The auxiliary fixing device for welding condenser shells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning device includes a sealing sleeve (410), a pull shaft (411) is slidably connected to the sealing sleeve (410), a positioning piece (412) is provided at the bottom of the pull shaft (411), a relief spring (413) is connected to the positioning piece (412), and the top of the relief spring (413) is connected to the sealing sleeve (410).

3. The auxiliary fixing device for welding condenser shells according to claim 2, characterized in that: A slide rod (404) is slidably connected to the connecting plate (402). One end of the slide rod (404) is connected to a retaining strip (403). The retaining strip (403) is composed of two plates, and a retaining gap is formed between the two plates. The retaining gap on the retaining strip (403) is engaged with the end face step of the housing (1). The other end of the slide rod (404) is connected to a piston (405). A cylinder liner (406) is slidably connected to the surface of the piston (405). The cylinder liner (406) is fixed on the connecting plate (402). Multiple connecting pipes (407) are connected to the end face of the cylinder liner (406). The other end of the connecting pipes (407) is connected to the sealing sleeve (410).

4. The auxiliary fixing device for welding condenser shells according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sealing sleeve (410) has a negative pressure chamber inside, and a piston plate (414) is slidably connected inside the negative pressure chamber. The piston plate (414) is fixedly connected to the pull shaft (411). The piston (405) moves within the cylinder sleeve (406) to generate negative pressure, which is then transmitted to the negative pressure chamber inside the sealing sleeve (410) through the connecting pipe (407).

5. The auxiliary fixing device for welding condenser shells according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressing component (3) includes a pressing column (302), which is slidably connected to the support frame (2). The support frame (2) has a V-groove (301) and multiple rollers are provided on the V-groove (301). A pressure plate (303) is fixedly connected to the pressing column (302). A downward pressure spring (304) is connected to the bottom of the pressure plate (303). The bottom of the downward pressure spring (304) abuts against the support frame (2). A pull rod (305) is rotatably connected to the pressure plate (303). A rotating sleeve (306) is rotatably connected to the pull rod (305). A rotating shaft (307) is fixedly connected to the rotating sleeve (306). The rotating shaft (307) is rotatably connected to the support frame (2). The connecting plate (402) is connected to the rotating shaft (307).

6. The auxiliary fixing device for welding condenser shells according to claim 5, characterized in that: The side of the pressure plate (303) is connected to a key shaft (415). The key shaft (415) is provided with two telescopic components. Each telescopic component is connected to an upper toothed rod (418). The two upper toothed rods (418) are respectively engaged with a fixed toothed sleeve (419) and a movable toothed sleeve (420). The fixed toothed sleeve (419) is fixed on the upper shaft (401). The movable toothed sleeve (420) is slidably connected to the upper shaft (401) through a keyway. The fixed toothed sleeve (419) is connected to a side support sleeve (426) through a connecting rod. The surface of the upper shaft (401) is fitted with a pressure-relieving spring (5). One end of the pressure-relieving spring (5) is connected to the arc frame (408), and the other end of the pressure-relieving spring (5) is connected to the fixed toothed sleeve (419).

7. The auxiliary fixing device for welding condenser shells according to claim 6, characterized in that: The movable toothed sleeve (420) is connected to an intermediate connecting rod (423). The intermediate connecting rod (423) is slidably connected to a limit strip (421) and an inclined support sleeve (422) via a keyway. The inclined support sleeve (422) and the side support sleeve (426) are both provided with right-angle grooves, and the inclined support sleeve (422) and the side support sleeve (426) are arranged diagonally opposite each other.

8. The auxiliary fixing device for welding condenser shells according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two support rods (427) are slidably connected to the limiting strip (421) and the inclined support sleeve (422). The end face of the support rod (427) is connected to the insert sleeve (425). A small spring (430) is provided between the insert sleeve (425) and the limiting strip (421). A retraction spring (424) is sleeved on the intermediate connecting rod (423). One end of the retraction spring (424) abuts against the inclined support sleeve (422), and the other end of the retraction spring (424) is connected to the intermediate connecting rod (423).

9. The auxiliary fixing device for welding a condenser shell according to claim 8, characterized in that: A return spring (428) is connected to the side of the movable toothed sleeve (420). The return spring (428) is sleeved on the upper shaft (401). A spiral groove (429) is opened on the surface of the upper shaft (401). A sliding pin is slidably connected inside the spiral groove (429). The sliding pin is fixed inside the movable toothed sleeve (420).

10. An auxiliary fixing device for welding a condenser shell according to claim 6, characterized in that: The telescopic component includes a lower connecting rod (416), the top of which is connected to a telescopic rod (417), and the telescopic rod (417) is connected to an upper toothed rod (418).

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