A screw copper press fitting device for automobile actuator based on cylinder positioning

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical fields of automobile actuator assembly, in particular to a screw copper press-fitting device for automobile actuator based on cylinder positioning, which comprises a rack, a workbench and a press-fitting cylinder, the rack is provided with the workbench and the press-fitting cylinder, the workbench is provided with a positioning clamp, the press-fitting cylinder is provided with a punch head, the punch head comprises a fixed punch head and a floating punch head, the floating punch head is hinged to the fixed punch head through a ball hinge. The floating punch head can produce universal rotation around the ball center by setting the floating punch head and the ball hinge, and the perpendicularity of the punch head is self-adaptively adjusted. Meanwhile, the taper cooperation is formed between the positioning plate on the positioning sleeve and the tapered sliding groove on the floating punch head, the horizontal offset of the positioning sleeve is limited and constrained before press-fitting, the initial offset is avoided from being too large to exceed the adjustment range during press-fitting, so as to ensure the coaxiality of the oil copper and the screw, and effectively improve the press-fitting precision and the qualified rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive actuator assembly technology, specifically to a screw oil copper press-fitting device for automotive actuators based on cylinder positioning. Background Technology

[0002] In automotive actuators, the screw, as a core transmission component, typically requires press-fitted copper bushings at both ends to provide self-lubrication, wear resistance, and high-temperature resistance, thereby ensuring the reliability and service life of the actuator during long-term reciprocating motion. With the continuous improvement of automation in automotive actuator assembly, the press-fitting process for screw copper bushings has gradually evolved from traditional manual press-fitting to automated mechanical press-fitting. For example, the technical document with publication number CN115781222A, entitled "An Automatic Press-fitting and Detection Device for Parking Actuator Bolt Fixing Plates," demonstrates a form of press-fitting device for parking actuators.

[0003] However, the stability of press-fitting quality in existing screw oil press-fitting devices still faces significant challenges. Conventional press-fitting equipment typically uses a single press head to press-fit the screw and bushing. The press head is mounted at the end of the cylinder piston rod and is directly driven by a drive element to achieve axial feed. Since the press head and drive element are rigidly connected, the movement trajectory of the press head depends entirely on the installation accuracy of the cylinder and the horizontal accuracy of the equipment frame. During long-term use, the equipment frame may tilt due to stress deformation, the press head guide mechanism may develop gaps due to wear, and the installation position of the drive element may also shift slightly due to vibration. These factors can all cause the actual movement direction of the press head to deviate from the theoretical axis, resulting in press head perpendicularity deviation and press head coaxiality deviation. When there is a perpendicularity or coaxiality deviation in the press head, the press-fitting force cannot be strictly transmitted along the common axis of the screw and bushing, but instead generates an additional radial component force. This radial force can cause the bushing to tilt or wobble during the press-in process, leading to a deterioration in the coaxiality between the bushing and the screw mounting hole. This, in turn, can cause a series of quality problems such as bushing deformation, out-of-roundness of the inner hole, and damage to the opening of the housing mounting hole. In addition, since the press-fit mating surface is usually short, the guiding and stability during press-fitting are inherently poor. The presence of pressure head deviation will further exacerbate the skewness, making it even more difficult to guarantee the coaxiality and perpendicularity requirements.

[0004] To address this, a screw oil copper press-fitting device for automotive actuators based on cylinder positioning is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a screw oil copper press-fitting device for automotive actuators based on cylinder positioning. This invention ensures the coaxiality of the oil copper and the screw by setting a floating pressure head and relying on the universal adjustment of the ball joint and the radial fine adjustment function of the horizontal adjustment component, thereby effectively improving the press-fitting accuracy and pass rate.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A screw oil copper press-fitting device for automotive actuators based on cylinder positioning includes a frame, a worktable, and a press-fitting cylinder. The worktable and press-fitting cylinder are mounted on the frame. A positioning fixture is provided on the worktable. A punch head is provided on the press-fitting cylinder. The punch head includes a fixed punch head and a floating punch head. The floating punch head is hinged to the fixed punch head via a ball joint. A horizontal adjustment component is provided on the floating punch head. A positioning component is provided on the horizontal adjustment component. A positioning hole that mates with the screw is provided on the horizontal adjustment component.

[0007] By setting a floating pressure head, the verticality of the floating pressure head is adjusted by the ball joint, and the axial position of the floating pressure head can be adjusted by setting a horizontal adjustment component, thereby ensuring the coaxiality of the oil copper and the screw. The positioning hole can automatically adjust the coaxiality when the press cylinder is pressed down by cooperating with the end of the screw.

[0008] Preferably, the leveling component includes a positioning sleeve, a positioning plate is provided on the positioning sleeve, a sliding groove is provided on the floating pressure head, the sliding groove is clearance-fitted with the positioning plate, the positioning hole is opened on the positioning sleeve, and a positioning circular groove is provided on the positioning component, the positioning circular groove and the positioning hole are coaxially arranged.

[0009] During the press-fitting process, when the punch head presses down, the positioning sleeve floats freely in the horizontal direction through the clearance fit between the positioning plate and the slide groove. This causes the positioning hole and positioning groove to adaptively adjust their positions in the horizontal plane to align with the end of the screw. The coaxial arrangement of the positioning groove and positioning hole ensures precise guidance and positioning of the screw during insertion. Simultaneously, the clearance fit structure enables automatic compensation and adjustment of the axial position, effectively eliminating coaxiality deviations caused by assembly errors or part tolerances. This horizontal adjustment component has a compact structure and few parts, achieving high-precision positioning without the need for additional complex drive or adjustment mechanisms. It ensures the coaxiality requirements during oil-copper press-fitting while reducing manufacturing costs and maintenance difficulty.

[0010] Preferably, a positioning pin is slidably installed inside the positioning hole, and a spring is connected between the positioning pin and the floating pressure head. The positioning pin is provided with a tapered part, which protrudes from the positioning hole and partially protrudes from the positioning groove.

[0011] By setting a locating pin that slides into the locating hole and connecting a spring between the locating pin and the floating pressure head, the locating pin can float axially. The tapered part on the locating pin protrudes from the locating hole and partially protrudes from the locating groove. When the screw end has not yet entered the through hole of the oil copper, the tapered part first contacts and engages with the locating tapered hole at the end of the screw. The guiding effect of the tapered surface completes the initial correction of coaxiality before the press-fitting stroke begins, avoiding the screw from forcibly entering the through hole of the oil copper in an misaligned state, which would cause motion interference or collision damage. At the same time, the tapered part protruding from the locating hole can pre-position the oil copper, and the tapered part partially protruding from the locating groove can intervene in coaxial adjustment in advance before the end of the screw contacts the oil copper, thereby ensuring the smoothness of the press-fitting process and the positioning accuracy.

[0012] Preferably, the positioning sleeve has a truncated cone inside the positioning hole, and the positioning pin has a conical surface that mates with the truncated cone.

[0013] By providing a truncated cone inside the positioning hole and a conical surface that mates with the truncated cone on the positioning pin, when the positioning pin is slidably installed in the positioning hole, the conical surface and the truncated cone form a tapered fit. Utilizing the self-centering guiding effect of the conical surface fit, the positioning pin can be guided to automatically center, thereby ensuring the coaxiality of the positioning pin and the positioning hole, ensuring the movement accuracy of the positioning pin during axial sliding, and thus improving the repeatability and consistency of screw positioning.

[0014] Preferably, the lower side of the positioning plate is provided with an inclined surface, the slide groove is conical, and the inclination angle of the inclined surface is consistent with the taper of the slide groove.

[0015] By setting an inclined surface on the lower side of the positioning plate and making the slide groove conical, with the inclined surface and the slide groove having the same taper, on the one hand, the inclined surface structure on the lower side of the positioning plate increases the cross-sectional thickness at the root of the positioning plate, effectively improving the bending strength of the positioning plate and reducing bending deformation caused by stress during the pressing process; on the other hand, the conical slide groove and the inclined surface form a tapered fit, which limits and constrains the horizontal offset of the positioning sleeve before pressing, preventing the positioning sleeve from exceeding the adjustment range of the floating pressure head during pressing due to excessive initial offset, thereby ensuring that the positioning sleeve can smoothly enter the effective adjustment range during the pressing process and ensuring the reliability of positioning and pressing.

[0016] Preferably, the floating pressure head includes a positioning part and a connecting part. The connecting part is connected to the fixed pressure head. The positioning part is connected to the connecting part by bolts. The positioning part is provided with a positioning step, and the connecting part is provided with a positioning groove.

[0017] By designing the floating pressure head as a split structure, including a positioning part and a connecting part, with the connecting part connected to the fixed pressure head and the positioning part detachably connected to the connecting part via bolts, the split design reduces the structural complexity of individual parts, facilitating separate machining, especially beneficial for the forming of the groove on the positioning part, thus reducing manufacturing difficulty and cost. On the other hand, the positioning part is equipped with a positioning step, and the connecting part is equipped with a positioning groove that mates with the positioning step. During assembly, the positioning step and the positioning groove allow for quick alignment and installation of the positioning part and the connecting part, ensuring assembly accuracy. This also facilitates subsequent disassembly, maintenance, and parts replacement, improving the overall manufacturability and maintenance convenience of the device.

[0018] Preferably, the ball joint includes a ball seat and a ball head, the ball head is disposed on a floating pressure head, the ball seat is disposed on a fixed pressure head, the ball seat and the ball head are concentrically disposed, a spring is connected between the fixed pressure head and the floating pressure head, and a through hole is provided on the ball seat, the through hole and the floating pressure head are clearance fit.

[0019] By setting the ball joint as a mating structure of a ball seat and a ball head, with the ball head positioned on the floating pressure head and the ball seat on the fixed pressure head, and the ball seat and ball head being concentrically positioned, the floating pressure head can rotate omnidirectionally around the center of the ball relative to the fixed pressure head. This allows for adaptive adjustment of the floating pressure head's perpendicularity during the pressing process using the rotational freedom of the ball joint. Simultaneously, a second spring connects the fixed and floating pressure heads. The elastic force of the second spring maintains the floating pressure head's positional stability in its initial state and provides a reset preload after perpendicularity adjustment, ensuring the smoothness of the adjustment process. The through-hole on the ball seat and the clearance fit with the floating pressure head provide clearance space for its rotation, avoiding motion interference and ensuring the flexibility of the floating pressure head's rotation during perpendicularity adjustment, thereby improving the vertical alignment accuracy between the pressing head and the workpiece axis.

[0020] Preferably, the ball seat is provided with a support seat, the ball head is provided with spherical surfaces on both sides, the support seat is provided with a support groove, and both the support groove and the ball seat are provided with spherical chamfers with the same diameter as the spherical surfaces.

[0021] By providing spherical surfaces on both sides of the ball head and a support groove on the support seat, with chamfers on both the support groove and the ball seat having the same diameter as the spherical surfaces, the ball head only has spherical surfaces on its two sides to replace the complete spherical structure. The ball seat and the support groove only form a partial spherical mating surface through the chamfers. This optimizes the ball joint contact between the ball head and the ball seat / support seat from a complete spherical contact to a partial spherical contact. While ensuring that the ball head can rotate freely in the support groove to adjust its perpendicularity, the material volume of the ball head body and the machining range of the mating surface between the ball seat and the support seat are significantly reduced. This effectively reduces the structural size and weight of the ball joint and the entire stamping head, lowers material costs and machining difficulty, and makes the device more compact and lightweight.

[0022] Preferably, the positioning hole is provided with a chamfer on one side of the positioning member.

[0023] By setting a chamfer on the side of the positioning hole located on the positioning component, when the screw end enters the positioning hole, the chamfer forms a guide slope at the entrance of the positioning hole, which can guide the screw end to slide smoothly into the positioning hole, avoiding scratches or jamming caused by hard collision between the screw end and the edge of the positioning hole entrance. At the same time, the chamfer increases the guide range at the entrance of the positioning hole, which to a certain extent compensates for the initial alignment deviation between the screw and the positioning hole, allowing the screw to enter the positioning hole more smoothly. This improves the smoothness of guidance and positioning reliability during the press-fitting process and reduces the risk of damage to the workpiece surface.

[0024] Preferably, the sidewall of the locating pin has multiple grooves arranged in the axial direction.

[0025] By creating multiple axially arranged grooves on the sidewall of the locating pin, the original continuous circumferential contact between the locating pin and the locating hole is transformed into intermittent contact only through the raised portions between the grooves. This effectively reduces the contact area between the locating pin and the inner wall of the locating hole. During the reciprocating sliding of the locating pin, contact wear is limited to the local area corresponding to the raised portions, preventing uniform wear of the inner wall of the locating hole due to full contact with the locating pin, thus significantly extending the service life of the locating hole. At the same time, the groove structure forms several axially continuous gap channels between the locating pin and the locating hole, which can store and guide the lubricating medium to be evenly distributed between the mating surfaces during the press-fitting process. This helps to reduce frictional resistance, making the sliding of the locating pin smoother and further improving the movement accuracy and response sensitivity of the locating pin.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention, by setting a floating pressure head and a ball joint, allows the floating pressure head to rotate omnidirectionally around the center of the ball, achieving adaptive adjustment of the verticality of the pressure head; at the same time, the positioning plate on the positioning sleeve and the tapered groove on the floating pressure head form a tapered fit, limiting the horizontal offset of the positioning sleeve before pressing, avoiding excessive initial offset that would cause it to exceed the adjustment range during pressing, thereby ensuring the coaxiality of the oil copper and the screw, and effectively improving the pressing accuracy and pass rate.

[0027] 2. By sliding a locating pin with a tapered part inside the locating hole, and making the tapered part protrude from the locating hole and partly protrude from the locating groove, the tapered part first contacts and engages with the locating tapered hole at the end of the screw before the screw end enters the oil copper through hole. The tapered surface guides the screw to complete the initial correction of coaxiality before the press-fitting stroke begins, avoiding the screw from forcibly entering the oil copper through hole in an misaligned state, which would cause motion interference or collision damage, and ensuring the smoothness of the press-fitting process and the reliability of the positioning.

[0028] 3. By setting the floating pressure head as a split structure consisting of a positioning part and a connecting part, and using positioning steps and positioning grooves to achieve quick centering and installation, the structural complexity and processing difficulty of individual parts are reduced, while facilitating subsequent disassembly, maintenance and replacement of parts; the ball head only has spherical surfaces on both sides to form a local fit with the spherical chamfers on the ball seat and support seat, which greatly reduces the volume and weight of the ball joint and the pressure head while ensuring free rotation and adjustment of verticality, making the whole device more compact and lightweight. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the stamping head structure of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle; Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of a section at point B in the middle; Figure 6 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of a section at point C; Figure 7 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of its breakdown.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Workbench; 3. Press-fit cylinder; 4. Positioning fixture; 5. Punch head; 51. Fixed press head; 52. Floating press head; 521. Positioning part; 522. Connecting part; 523. Positioning step; 524. Positioning groove; 6. Ball joint; 61. Ball seat; 62. Ball head; 63. Spring II; 64. Through hole; 7. Horizontal adjustment part; 71. Positioning sleeve; 72. Positioning plate; 73. Slide groove; 74. Positioning hole; 8. Positioning part; 81. Positioning circular groove; 9. Positioning pin; 10. Spring I; 11. Conical part; 12. Frustum; 13. Conical surface; 14. Inclined surface; 15. Oil copper; 16. Support base; 17. Spherical surface; 18. Support groove; 19. Spherical chamfer; 20. Straight chamfer; 21. Groove. Detailed Implementation

[0031] Please see Figures 1 to 7 This invention provides a screw oil copper press-fitting device for automotive actuators based on cylinder positioning, the technical solution of which is as follows: A screw oil copper press-fitting device for automotive actuators based on cylinder positioning includes a frame 1, a worktable 2, and a press-fitting cylinder 3. The worktable 2 and the press-fitting cylinder 3 are mounted on the frame 1. The worktable 2 is equipped with a positioning fixture 4 for positioning the screw. The press-fitting cylinder 3 is equipped with a punch head 5, which includes a fixed pressing head 51 and a floating pressing head 52. The floating pressing head 52 is hinged to the fixed pressing head 51 via a ball joint 6. The floating pressing head 52 is equipped with a horizontal adjustment component 7, which is equipped with a positioning component 8 for placing the oil copper 15. The horizontal adjustment component 7 is equipped with a positioning hole 74 that mates with the screw. During the press-fitting operation, the screw is clamped in the positioning fixture 4 on the worktable 2. The oil copper 15 is placed on the positioning part 8 and aligned with the end of the screw. Then, the pressing cylinder 3 drives the pressing head 5 to press down. During the pressing process, the ball joint 6 adaptively adjusts the verticality of the floating pressing head 52. The horizontal adjustment part 7 synchronously adjusts the axial position of the positioning hole 74 to align the screw and the oil copper 15, ensuring that the oil copper 15 is pressed into the end of the screw in the correct posture, thus achieving precise pressing of the oil copper 15 and the screw. By combining cylinder positioning and floating adjustment, the coaxiality of the oil copper 15 and the screw is effectively guaranteed during the pressing process, avoiding pressing skew, damage to the oil copper 15, or pressing failure caused by verticality deviation or axial offset, thereby improving the pressing quality and product qualification rate.

[0032] Please see Figures 2 to 7 The horizontal adjustment component 7 includes a positioning sleeve 71, a positioning plate 72 on the positioning sleeve 71, and a sliding groove 73 on the floating pressure head 52. The sliding groove 73 and the positioning plate 72 are in clearance fit. A positioning hole 74 is formed on the positioning sleeve 71. The positioning component 8 is provided with a positioning circular groove 81, which is coaxially arranged with the positioning hole 74. The positioning sleeve 71 forms a clearance fit with the sliding groove 73 on the floating pressure head 52 through the positioning plate 72, so that the positioning sleeve 71 can slide slightly relative to the floating pressure head 52 in the horizontal plane, thereby realizing the adjustment of the axial position of the positioning hole 74. The positioning circular groove 81 and the positioning hole 74 are coaxially arranged, which can ensure that the oil copper 15 placed on the positioning component 8 is coaxial with the positioning hole 74, ensuring the accuracy of the positioning of the oil copper 15. This horizontal adjustment structure can realize the adjustment of the axial position only through the clearance fit between the positioning plate 72 and the sliding groove 73, without the need for a complex drive mechanism or control system. The structure is simple and easy to adjust, effectively reducing the manufacturing cost and maintenance difficulty of the device.

[0033] Please see Figures 2 to 6A positioning pin 9 is slidably installed inside the positioning hole 74. A spring 10 connects the positioning pin 9 to the floating pressure head 52. The positioning pin 9 has a tapered part 11, which protrudes from the positioning hole 74 and 5mm from the end face of the positioning groove 81. During the pressing process, when the pressing cylinder 3 drives the pressing head 5 to press down, the tapered part 11 of the positioning pin 9 contacts the end of the screw first before the oil copper 15. Since the tapered part 11 protrudes from the positioning hole 74 and partially protrudes from the positioning groove 81, before the oil copper 15 contacts the end of the screw, the tapered part 11 first contacts and engages with the positioning tapered hole at the end of the screw, utilizing the tapered surface 1. The guiding function of spring 10 completes the initial coaxiality correction before the press-fit stroke begins; spring 10 provides elastic preload to the positioning pin 9, so that the tapered part 11 has a certain buffering and self-adaptive ability when contacting the screw, avoiding rigid impact damage to the screw or positioning pin 9; at the same time, the tapered part 11 protruding from the positioning hole 74 can pre-position the oil copper 15, and the tapered part 11 partially protruding from the positioning groove 81 can intervene in the coaxial adjustment in advance before the oil copper 15 contacts the screw, thereby avoiding the oil copper 15 forcibly contacting the end of the screw in an misaligned state, causing skew or bump damage, and ensuring the smoothness of the press-fit process and the reliability of positioning.

[0034] Please see Figures 2 to 6 The positioning sleeve 71 is located inside the positioning hole 74 and has a truncated cone 12. The positioning pin 9 has a conical surface 13 that mates with the truncated cone 12. When the positioning pin 9 is slidably installed in the positioning hole 74, the conical surface 13 on the positioning pin 9 and the truncated cone 12 on the positioning sleeve 71 form a tapered fit. By utilizing the self-centering guiding effect of the conical surface 13, the positioning pin 9 can be automatically centered during axial sliding, thereby ensuring the coaxiality of the positioning pin 9 and the positioning hole 74, ensuring the movement accuracy of the positioning pin 9 during reciprocating motion, and thus improving the repeatability and consistency of the positioning of the oil copper 15.

[0035] Please see Figures 2 to 7 The positioning plate 72 has an inclined surface 14 on its lower side, and the slide groove 73 is conical. The inclined surface 14 and the slide groove 73 have the same taper. On the one hand, the inclined surface 14 on the lower side of the positioning plate 72 increases the cross-sectional thickness at the root of the positioning plate 72, effectively improving the bending strength of the positioning plate 72, reducing the bending deformation caused by force during the pressing process, and ensuring the structural stability of the horizontal adjustment component 7 during long-term use. On the other hand, the conical slide groove 73 and the inclined surface 14 form a tapered fit, which limits the horizontal offset of the positioning sleeve 71 before pressing, preventing the positioning sleeve 71 from exceeding the adjustment range of the floating pressure head 52 during pressing due to excessive initial offset. This ensures that the positioning sleeve 71 can smoothly enter the effective adjustment range during the pressing process, ensuring the reliability of positioning and pressing.

[0036] Please see Figures 2 to 7The floating pressure head 52 includes a positioning part 521 and a connecting part 522. The connecting part 522 is connected to the fixed pressure head 51. The positioning part 521 is connected to the connecting part 522 by bolts. The positioning part 521 is provided with a positioning step 523, and the connecting part 522 is provided with a positioning groove 524. The floating pressure head 52 adopts a split structure. The positioning part 521 and the connecting part 522 are detachably connected by bolts. On the one hand, this reduces the structural complexity of individual parts and facilitates separate machining. It is especially beneficial for the forming of the sliding groove 73 and the positioning groove 524 on the positioning part 521, reducing manufacturing difficulty and cost. On the other hand, during assembly, the positioning step 523 on the positioning part 521 and the positioning groove 524 on the connecting part 522 cooperate to quickly achieve the centering and installation of the positioning part 521 and the connecting part 522, ensuring assembly accuracy. At the same time, it facilitates subsequent disassembly, maintenance and replacement of parts, improving the manufacturability and maintenance convenience of the device.

[0037] Please see Figures 2 to 7 The ball joint 6 includes a ball seat 61 and a ball head 62. The ball head 62 is mounted on the floating pressure head 52, and the ball seat 61 is mounted on the fixed pressure head 51. The ball seat 61 and the ball head 62 are concentrically arranged. A spring 63 connects the fixed pressure head 51 and the floating pressure head 52. A through hole 64 is provided on the ball seat 61, and the through hole 64 is clearance-fitted with the floating pressure head 52. The concentric fit between the ball head 62 and the ball seat 61 allows the floating pressure head 52 to rotate omnidirectionally relative to the fixed pressure head 51 around the center of the ball. During the press-fitting process, the rotational freedom of the ball joint 6 is used to control the vertical rotation of the floating pressure head 52. The straightness is adaptively adjusted; spring 63 is connected between the fixed pressure head 51 and the floating pressure head 52. Its elastic force can keep the floating pressure head 52 stable in the initial state and provide a reset preload after the verticality adjustment to ensure the smoothness of the adjustment process; the through hole 64 on the ball seat 61 is clearance-fitted with the floating pressure head 52 to provide clearance space for the rotation of the floating pressure head 52, avoid motion interference, and ensure the rotation flexibility of the floating pressure head 52 during verticality adjustment, thereby improving the vertical alignment accuracy between the stamping head 5 and the screw axis.

[0038] Please see Figures 2 to 7The ball seat 61 is provided with a support seat 16, and the ball head 62 is provided with spherical surfaces 17 on both sides. The support seat 16 has a support groove 18, and both the support groove 18 and the ball seat 61 are provided with spherical chamfers 19 with the same diameter as the spherical surfaces 17. The ball head 62 is provided with spherical surfaces 17 only on its two sides to replace the complete spherical structure. The spherical chamfers 19 on the ball seat 61 and the spherical chamfers 19 on the support groove 18 form a partial spherical surface 17 mating surface, so that the ball joint fit between the ball head 62 and the ball seat 61 and the support seat 16 is optimized from complete spherical surface 17 contact to partial spherical surface 17 contact. Under the premise of ensuring that the ball head 62 can rotate freely in the support groove 18 to adjust the perpendicularity, this structure greatly reduces the material volume of the ball head 62 body and the machining range of the mating surface of the ball seat 61 and the support seat 16, thereby effectively reducing the structural size and weight of the ball joint 6 and the entire stamping head 5, reducing material costs and processing difficulty, and making the device more compact and lightweight.

[0039] Please see Figures 2 to 7 The locating pin 9 has multiple axially arranged grooves 21 on its side wall. The grooves 21 change the original continuous circumferential contact between the locating pin 9 and the locating hole 74 to intermittent contact only through the protrusions between the grooves 21. This effectively reduces the contact area between the locating pin 9 and the inner wall of the locating hole 74. During the reciprocating sliding of the locating pin 9, the contact wear is limited to the local area corresponding to the protrusions, avoiding uniform wear of the inner wall of the locating hole 74 due to the full contact of the locating pin 9, thus significantly extending the service life of the locating hole 74. At the same time, the groove structure forms several axially connected gap channels between the locating pin 9 and the locating hole 74, which can store and guide the lubricating medium to be evenly distributed between the mating surfaces during the press-fitting process. This helps to reduce frictional resistance, making the sliding of the locating pin 9 smoother and further improving the movement accuracy and response sensitivity of the locating pin 9.

[0040] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 6 The positioning hole 74 is provided with a chamfer 20 on one side of the positioning element 8. When the end of the screw enters the positioning hole 74, the chamfer 20 forms a guide slope 14 at the entrance of the positioning hole 74, which can guide the end of the screw to slide smoothly into the positioning hole 74, avoiding scratches or jamming caused by hard collision between the end of the screw and the entrance edge of the positioning hole 74. At the same time, the chamfer 20 increases the guide range at the entrance of the positioning hole 74, which to a certain extent compensates for the initial alignment deviation between the screw and the positioning hole 74, so that the screw can enter the positioning hole 74 more smoothly, thereby improving the smoothness of guidance and positioning reliability during the press-fitting process and reducing the risk of damage to the workpiece surface.

[0041] Workflow: First, the screw is fixed to the worktable 2 using the positioning clamp 4. The oil copper 15 is placed in the positioning groove 81 of the positioning component 8, so that the oil copper 15 is approximately opposite to the end of the screw. The pressing cylinder 3 is activated, driving the pressing head 5 downwards. The fixed pressing head 51, through the ball joint 6, drives the floating pressing head 52 and the horizontal adjustment component 7 to press down as a whole. During the pressing process, the tapered part 11 of the positioning pin 9 contacts the end of the screw first. Using the guiding effect of the tapered surface 13, the initial coaxiality correction is completed before the oil copper 15 contacts the end of the screw. Simultaneously, the ball head 62 rotates omnidirectionally within the ball seat 61, adaptively adjusting the verticality of the floating pressing head 52. The positioning sleeve 71 of the horizontal adjustment component 7, through the clearance fit between the positioning plate 72 and the slide groove 73, finely adjusts the shaft of the positioning hole 74 in the horizontal plane. The pressure cylinder 3 continues to press down, spring 10 is compressed, and the positioning pin 9 retracts into the positioning hole 74. The groove 21 on the side wall of the positioning pin 9 reduces the contact area between the positioning pin 9 and the inner wall of the positioning hole 74, making the retraction process of the positioning pin 9 smoother. As the end of the screw enters the positioning hole 74, the perpendicularity and coaxiality of the oil copper 15 and the screw are adjusted. Under the push of the positioning component 8, the oil copper 15 continues to move down with the punch head 5. The positioning component 8 presses the oil copper 15 onto the end of the screw, completing the precision pressing of the screw and the oil copper 15. After pressing, the pressure cylinder 3 drives the punch head 5 to reset, spring 10 pushes the positioning pin 9 to protrude out of the positioning hole 74 and the positioning groove 81 again, and spring 2 63 assists the floating pressure head 52 to reset to the initial position. The pressed workpiece can then be removed and the next cycle can begin.

[0042] The specific embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and ideas of the present invention should still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A screw hydraulic press-fitting device for automotive actuators based on cylinder positioning, characterized in that, The machine includes a frame (1), a worktable (2), and a pressing cylinder (3). The worktable (2) and the pressing cylinder (3) are provided on the frame (1). The worktable (2) is provided with a positioning fixture (4). The pressing cylinder (3) is provided with a punch head (5). The punch head (5) includes a fixed pressing head (51) and a floating pressing head (52). The floating pressing head (52) is hinged to the fixed pressing head (51) through a ball joint (6). The floating pressing head (52) is provided with a horizontal adjustment component (7). The horizontal adjustment component (7) is provided with a positioning component (8). The horizontal adjustment component (7) is provided with a positioning hole (74) that cooperates with a screw.

2. The screw oil copper press-fitting device for automotive actuators based on cylinder positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that, The horizontal adjustment component (7) includes a positioning sleeve (71), a positioning plate (72) is provided on the positioning sleeve (71), a sliding groove (73) is provided on the floating pressure head (52), the sliding groove (73) is clearance-fitted with the positioning plate (72), the positioning hole (74) is opened on the positioning sleeve (71), and the positioning component (8) is provided with a positioning circular groove (81), the positioning circular groove (81) and the positioning hole (74) are coaxially arranged.

3. A screw oil copper press-fitting device for automotive actuators based on cylinder positioning according to claim 2, characterized in that, A positioning pin (9) is slidably installed inside the positioning hole (74). A spring (10) is connected between the positioning pin (9) and the floating pressure head (52). A tapered part (11) is provided on the positioning pin (9). The tapered part (11) protrudes from the positioning hole (74) and partially protrudes from the positioning groove (81).

4. A screw oil copper press-fitting device for automotive actuators based on cylinder positioning according to claim 3, characterized in that, The positioning sleeve (71) is provided with a cone (12) inside the positioning hole (74), and the positioning pin (9) is provided with a cone surface (13) that cooperates with the cone (12).

5. A screw oil copper press-fitting device for automotive actuators based on cylinder positioning according to claim 4, characterized in that, The positioning plate (72) has an inclined surface (14) on its lower side, and the slide groove (73) is conical in shape. The inclination angle of the inclined surface (14) is consistent with the taper of the slide groove (73).

6. A screw oil copper press-fitting device for automotive actuators based on cylinder positioning according to claim 2, characterized in that, The floating pressure head (52) includes a positioning part (521) and a connecting part (522). The connecting part (522) is connected to the fixed pressure head (51). The positioning part (521) is connected to the connecting part (522) by bolts. The positioning part (521) is provided with a positioning step (523). The connecting part (522) is provided with a positioning groove (524).

7. A screw oil copper press-fitting device for automotive actuators based on cylinder positioning according to claim 6, characterized in that, The ball joint (6) includes a ball seat (61) and a ball head (62). The ball head (62) is mounted on a floating pressure head (52), and the ball seat (61) is mounted on a fixed pressure head (51). The ball seat (61) and the ball head (62) are concentrically arranged. A spring (63) is connected between the fixed pressure head (51) and the floating pressure head (52). A through hole (64) is provided on the ball seat (61), and the through hole (64) is clearance-fitted with the floating pressure head (52).

8. A screw oil copper press-fitting device for automotive actuators based on cylinder positioning according to claim 7, characterized in that, The ball seat (61) is provided with a support seat (16), the ball head (62) is provided with spherical surfaces (17) on both sides, the support seat (16) is provided with a support groove (18), and the support groove (18) and the ball seat (61) are both provided with spherical chamfers (19) with the same diameter as the spherical surface (17).

9. A screw oil copper press-fitting device for automotive actuators based on cylinder positioning according to claim 2, characterized in that, The positioning hole (74) is located on one side of the positioning member (8) and has a chamfer (20).

10. A screw oil copper press-fitting device for automotive actuators based on cylinder positioning according to claim 3, characterized in that, The positioning pin (9) has multiple grooves (21) arranged along the axial direction on its side wall.

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