An automatic assembly machine for planetary gears of a planetary reducer.

Abstract

This invention discloses an automatic assembly machine for planetary gear needle rollers in a planetary reducer, relating to the field of planetary gear needle roller assembly technology. It includes a negative pressure adsorption extension rod and a negative pressure adsorption fixture. The negative pressure adsorption extension rod is equipped with a quick-assembly component for rapidly installing the negative pressure adsorption fixture onto the extension rod. Through the movement of the negative pressure adsorption fixture, multiple needle rollers can be quickly assembled into the interior of the planetary gear housing. During assembly, the needle rollers are consistently constrained by the semi-cylindrical groove of the negative pressure adsorption fixture, effectively positioning them and preventing problems such as needle roller scratches, jamming, and hole wall damage caused by misalignment during assembly, thereby improving assembly yield. Furthermore, the negative pressure adsorption fixture can perform full-needle one-time adsorption and forming, eliminating the need for temporary fixation of the needle rollers using grease adhesion, thus avoiding the problems of missed assembly and needle roller misalignment caused by uneven grease coating in existing processes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of planetary gear needle roller assembly technology, and more specifically, to an automatic assembly machine for planetary gear needle rollers in a planetary reducer. Background Technology

[0002] Planetary gear reducers typically consist of a planetary gear housing, a pin, and several needle rollers. The needle rollers are installed in the annular raceway between the inner bore of the planetary gear housing and the pin, serving to bear loads and reduce friction. Current assembly methods mostly employ manual or semi-automatic techniques. Operators need to use tweezers, grease, or simple push tubes to place the needle rollers one by one into the planetary gear housing. Alternatively, grease can be used to adhere the needle rollers to the pin or bore wall before the housing is fitted in. Some methods use a vibratory feeder and push rods to push the needle rollers radially or axially into the assembly position. Due to the large number of needle rollers, their small diameter, and the fact that planetary gear housings are often die-cast with draft angles and dimensional tolerances in the inner bore, the assembly clearance between the needle rollers and the bore wall is very narrow. Therefore, the positioning and retention of the needle rollers require high precision.

[0003] Filling needles one by one results in long assembly time and low efficiency, making it difficult to meet the requirements of mass production. When using grease adhesion, uneven grease coating can lead to missed fillings and misalignment of the needle rollers, resulting in abnormal noises, wear, or even jamming during subsequent operation. For conventional adsorption needle picking methods, the needle rollers are piled up in a disordered state in the container, with some needle rollers even blocking the positioning groove of the adsorption head, preventing the corresponding needle rollers from entering the groove, resulting in missed suction and weak adsorption. Multiple suctions are required to complete the full needle loading, further reducing efficiency. At the same time, the adsorption head is exposed for a long time and is easily affected by collisions, dust, oil stains, and residual needle rollers during handling, model change, maintenance, and waiting, causing pore blockage, scratches on the sealing surface, and reduced positioning accuracy. The adsorption head is cumbersome to disassemble and assemble, and repeated disassembly and assembly can wear down the mating surfaces, affecting coaxiality and adsorption hole position accuracy. It is especially difficult to operate in confined spaces. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides an automatic assembly machine for planetary gear needle rollers in a planetary reducer.

[0005] The technical solution is as follows: An automatic assembly machine for planetary gear needle rollers of a planetary reducer includes a negative pressure adsorption extension rod and a negative pressure adsorption fixture. The negative pressure adsorption extension rod is provided with a quick-assembly component that quickly installs the negative pressure adsorption fixture onto the negative pressure adsorption extension rod. The quick-installation assembly includes two L-shaped locking grooves on the outer surface of the negative pressure adsorption extension rod, and a locking cylinder sleeved on the outer surface of the negative pressure adsorption extension rod. A locking block is fixedly connected inside the locking cylinder to engage with the locking grooves. A negative pressure cylinder, communicating with the negative pressure adsorption extension rod, is fixedly connected to the outer side of the locking cylinder. A tooling limiting shell, used to restrict the movement of the negative pressure adsorption tooling, is fixedly connected to the outer side of the tooling limiting shell. A fixing shell is fixedly connected to the outer side of the tooling limiting shell. A spring is fixedly connected inside the negative pressure cylinder. A limiting groove plate is fixedly connected to the end of the spring away from the connection with the negative pressure cylinder. The negative pressure adsorption tooling is fixedly connected to the side of the limiting groove plate away from the spring. The actuating assembly includes a bearing two fixedly connected to the outside of the tooling limiting shell, a rotating shell fixedly connected to the bearing two, a retraction groove provided on the rotating shell, and an actuating plate for actuating the needle rollers that are horizontally positioned on the outside of the negative pressure adsorption tooling rotatably connected inside the retraction groove.

[0006] Preferably, the quick-installation assembly further includes an extension rod fixedly connected to the side of the limiting groove plate away from the negative pressure adsorption fixture. Two locking platforms are fixedly connected to the end of the extension rod away from the limiting groove plate. A miniature electric telescopic rod is inserted into the inside of the negative pressure adsorption extension rod. Two locking plates are fixedly connected to the telescopic shaft of the miniature electric telescopic rod, and the two locking plates are respectively engaged with the two locking platforms.

[0007] Preferably, the tooling limiting shell is composed of a large cylinder and a small cylinder, the limiting groove plate slides inside the negative pressure cylinder, the negative pressure adsorption tool slides inside the tooling limiting shell, the diameter of the limiting groove plate is larger than the diameter of the negative pressure adsorption tool, the inner diameter of the negative pressure cylinder is adapted to the outer diameter of the limiting groove plate, and the inner diameter of the small cylinder of the tooling limiting shell is adapted to the outer diameter of the negative pressure adsorption tool.

[0008] Preferably, the negative pressure adsorption extension rod has a hollow internal structure, and the end of the negative pressure adsorption extension rod away from the negative pressure cylinder is connected to the negative pressure generator through a pipe. The negative pressure adsorption fixture has a hollow internal structure, and the outer surface of the negative pressure adsorption fixture has multiple semi-cylindrical grooves for limiting the adsorbed needle rollers. When the needle rollers are located in the semi-cylindrical grooves of the negative pressure adsorption fixture, half of them will protrude from the outer surface of the negative pressure adsorption fixture. Each semi-cylindrical groove of the negative pressure adsorption fixture has an air hole.

[0009] Preferably, the lock groove is an L-shape composed of a square groove and a strip groove, the limiting groove plate is hollow, the diameter of the extension rod near the lock platform is adapted to the inner diameter of the lock plate, and the shape of the lock plate is L-shaped.

[0010] Preferably, the actuating assembly further includes a bearing fixedly connected inside the negative pressure cylinder, a guide ring fixedly connected inside the bearing, the guide ring rotating inside the negative pressure cylinder, a drive gear fixedly connected to the side of the guide ring away from the spring, a gear shaft rotatably connected inside the tooling limiting shell, a driven gear fixedly connected to the end of the gear shaft near the drive gear, the driven gear meshing with the drive gear, a plurality of protruding teeth fixedly connected to the inner surface of the rotating shell, and a torsion spring provided at the rotatable connection between the actuating plate and the retraction groove.

[0011] Preferably, the tooling limiting shell has a rotating hole for the gear shaft to rotate, the fixing shell has a circular hole corresponding to the gear shaft, and the end of the gear shaft that passes through the circular hole of the fixing shell is provided with teeth, and the teeth of the gear shaft mesh with the convex teeth.

[0012] Preferably, both bearing one and bearing two are composed of an inner ring, an outer ring, and multiple balls. The guide ring is fixedly connected to the inner ring of bearing one, and the rotating shell is fixedly connected to the outer ring of bearing two. The side of the rotating shell near the actuating plate is on the same vertical plane as the end face of the tooling limiting shell, and the end of the actuating plate away from the rotating shell is bent.

[0013] Based on the above, the beneficial effects of the automatic assembly machine for planetary gear needle rollers in a planetary reducer according to the present invention are as follows: By moving the negative pressure adsorption fixture, multiple needle rollers can be quickly assembled into the interior of the planetary gear housing. During assembly, the needle rollers are always constrained by the semi-cylindrical groove of the negative pressure adsorption fixture, which can effectively position the needle rollers and avoid problems such as needle roller scratches, jamming, and hole wall damage caused by misalignment during assembly, thereby improving the assembly yield. In addition, the negative pressure adsorption fixture can perform full needle adsorption and forming in one go, without relying on grease adhesion to temporarily fix the needle rollers, avoiding the problems of missing parts and needle roller misalignment caused by uneven grease coating in the existing process. The quick-installation assembly allows for rapid installation of the negative pressure adsorption fixture, enabling quick replacement or repair without disassembling the negative pressure adsorption extension rod or other parts of the machine, and without the need for tools. This reduces changeover and downtime, ensures consistent manual locking and repositioning, avoids misalignment caused by uneven tool force, guarantees the installation accuracy of the negative pressure adsorption fixture, improves the maintenance efficiency of automatic assembly of multi-specification planetary gear needle rollers, and reduces spare parts maintenance costs. At the same time, the quick-installation assembly maintains a stable connection between the negative pressure adsorption fixture and the negative pressure adsorption extension rod, and the disassembly and assembly process does not change the original air circuit interface, which is conducive to continuous operation of the equipment. The negative pressure adsorption fixture is protected by a fixture limiting shell. The small cylinder of the fixture limiting shell forms a surrounding physical protection for the air pores and semi-cylindrical grooves of the negative pressure adsorption fixture. There is no need to disassemble or install additional protective parts, nor is it necessary to remove the negative pressure adsorption fixture from the pipeline. This avoids the blockage of the air pores of the negative pressure adsorption fixture caused by collisions, dust, oil stains and residual needle rollers during handling, model change, maintenance and waiting. It also prevents scratches and reduced positioning accuracy of the negative pressure adsorption fixture in the semi-cylindrical grooves. This maintains stable adsorption force and repeatability, extends the service life of the adsorption head, reduces the frequency of calibration and maintenance, and improves the safety and maintenance efficiency of the equipment during standby and model change. By rotating the actuating plate, the misaligned needle rollers that do not correspond to the semi-cylindrical groove of the negative pressure adsorption fixture are pushed away, making room for the needle rollers that correspond to the semi-cylindrical groove of the negative pressure adsorption fixture to be successfully adsorbed under negative pressure. This actively clears obstacles and avoids missed adsorption and weak adsorption caused by misaligned needle rollers, reducing the number of subsequent adsorption attempts and improving the success rate of full needle adsorption in one go. At the same time, it shortens the insertion depth and residence time of the negative pressure adsorption fixture in the needle roller container, which is conducive to improving the overall assembly efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall components of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the overall components of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the components of the present invention, including the negative pressure adsorption extension rod, the locking groove, and the miniature electric telescopic rod. Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the negative pressure cylinder, lock cylinder, lock block, and other components of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the locking platform, locking plate, and other components of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the spring, limiting groove plate, negative pressure adsorption fixture, and other components of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of component A in the middle; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the guide ring and drive gear of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the negative pressure cylinder, drive gear, and other components of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the stopping position of components such as the tooling limiting shell, gear shaft, and negative pressure adsorption tooling of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the rotating shell, actuating plate, and other components of the present invention.

[0015] The reference numerals in the appendix of this invention are as follows: 1. Negative pressure adsorption extension rod; Quick-installation components: 21. Lock slot; 22. Lock cylinder; 221. Lock block; 23. Negative pressure cylinder; 24. Tooling limiting shell; 25. Fixing shell; 26. Spring; 27. Limiting groove plate; 28. Negative pressure adsorption tooling; 29. ​​Extension rod; 210. Locking platform; 211. Miniature electric telescopic rod; 212. Locking plate; Actuating assembly: 31. Bearing 1; 32. Guide ring; 33. Drive gear; 34. Gear shaft; 35. Driven gear; 36. Bearing 2; 37. Rotating housing; 38. Raised tooth; 39. Retraction groove; 310. Actuating plate; 311. Torsion spring. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] The embodiments provided by the present invention will be described in detail below: like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, an automatic assembly machine for planetary gear needle rollers of a planetary reducer includes a negative pressure adsorption extension rod 1 and a negative pressure adsorption fixture 28. The negative pressure adsorption extension rod 1 is provided with a quick-assembly assembly for quickly installing the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 onto the negative pressure adsorption extension rod 1. The quick-assembly assembly includes two locking grooves 21 formed on the outer surface of one end of the negative pressure adsorption extension rod 1. A locking cylinder 22 is fitted onto the end of the negative pressure adsorption extension rod 1 near the locking groove 21. Two locking blocks 221 are fixedly connected inside the locking cylinder 22, and the two locking blocks 221 are respectively engaged with the two locking grooves 21. A negative pressure cylinder 23 is fixedly connected to the outside of the locking cylinder 22 by bolts. A tooling limiting shell 24 is fixedly connected to the outside of the negative pressure cylinder 23 by bolts. A fixing shell 25 is fixedly connected to the outside of the tooling limiting shell 24 by bolts. A spring 26 is fixedly connected inside the negative pressure cylinder 23. The end of the spring 26 away from the connection with the negative pressure cylinder 23 is fixedly connected to... A limiting groove plate 27 is provided, which slides inside the negative pressure cylinder 23. A negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 is fixedly connected to the surface of the limiting groove plate 27 away from the spring 26. The negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 slides inside the fixture limiting shell 24. An extension rod 29 is fixedly connected to the side of the limiting groove plate 27 away from the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28. Two locking platforms 210 are fixedly connected to the end of the extension rod 29 away from the limiting groove plate 27. A miniature electric telescopic rod 211 is inserted into the inside of the negative pressure adsorption extension rod 1. Two locking plates 212 are fixedly connected to the telescopic shaft of the miniature electric telescopic rod 211. The two locking plates 212 are respectively engaged with the two locking platforms 210.

[0018] It should be noted that the interior of the negative pressure adsorption extension rod 1 is hollow. The end of the negative pressure adsorption extension rod 1 away from the negative pressure cylinder 23 is connected to the negative pressure generator through a pipe. The interior of the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 is hollow, and the outer surface of the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 has multiple semi-cylindrical grooves arranged in a ring array. The multiple semi-cylindrical grooves of the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 are used to limit the adsorbed needle rollers. When the needle rollers are located in the semi-cylindrical grooves of the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28, half of them will protrude from the outer surface of the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28. Each semi-cylindrical groove of the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 has an air hole. When the interior of the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 is in a negative pressure state, the needle rollers located near the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 will be adsorbed into the semi-cylindrical grooves of the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28.

[0019] It should also be noted that the locking groove 21 is L-shaped, composed of a square groove and a strip groove. The locking block 221 and the locking groove 21 are engaged mainly because the locking block 221 is located within the square groove of the locking groove 21. The tooling limiting shell 24 is composed of a large cylinder and a small cylinder. The diameter of the limiting groove plate 27 is larger than the diameter of the negative pressure adsorption tooling 28. The inner diameter of the negative pressure cylinder 23 is adapted to the outer diameter of the limiting groove plate 27. The inner diameter of the small cylinder of the tooling limiting shell 24 is adapted to the outer diameter of the negative pressure adsorption tooling 28, thereby allowing for... The limiting groove plate 27 can only move inside the negative pressure cylinder 23 due to the limiting shell 24 of the tooling. The limiting groove plate 27 is hollowed out to allow the negative pressure adsorption tooling 28 to communicate with the inside of the negative pressure cylinder 23. The diameter of the extension rod 29 near the locking platform 210 is adapted to the inner diameter of the locking plate 212. The locking plate 212 is L-shaped. When the locking platform 210 is located inside the locking plate 212, it can hook the locking platform 210 to realize the snap-fit ​​relationship between the locking plate 212 and the locking platform 210.

[0020] When not in use, and when the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 is not installed on the negative pressure adsorption extension rod 1 via the quick-installation assembly, the spring 26 drives the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 to be in a retracted state through the limiting groove plate 27. The end of the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 away from the limiting groove plate 27 is flush with the end face of the small cylinder of the fixture limiting shell 24, that is, the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 will be connected to the inside of the small cylinder of the fixture limiting shell 24.

[0021] Specifically, when the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 is damaged and needs to be replaced, or when replacing it with a negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 of a different diameter semi-cylindrical groove, the original negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 can be removed from the negative pressure adsorption extension rod 1. During this process, the worker needs to hold the fixing shell 25 and rotate it. The fixing shell 25 drives the negative pressure cylinder 23 to rotate synchronously via the fixture limiting shell 24. The negative pressure cylinder 23 drives the locking cylinder 22 to rotate synchronously. The locking cylinder 22 causes its two internal locking blocks 221 to slide inside the locking groove 21, allowing the locking blocks 221 to slide from the square groove of the locking groove 21 into the strip groove. Simultaneously, the negative pressure cylinder 23 drives the limiting groove plate 27 to rotate synchronously via the spring 26. The limiting groove plate 27 drives the two locking platforms 2 through the extension rod 29. When the two locking platforms 210 rotate synchronously, they will rotate out from the two locking plates 212 respectively. The two locking platforms 210 will move between the two locking plates 212. At this time, the locking plates 212 can no longer hook the locking platforms 210. At this time, the fixed shell 25 is pulled directly, causing the fixed shell 25 to move away from the negative pressure adsorption extension rod 1. The fixed shell 25 drives the negative pressure cylinder 23 to move synchronously away from the negative pressure adsorption extension rod 1 through the tooling limiting shell 24. The negative pressure cylinder 23 drives the locking block 221 to slide outward in the strip groove of the locking groove 21 through the locking cylinder 22. At the same time, while the negative pressure cylinder 23 is moving, it will also drive the limiting groove plate 27 to move synchronously through the spring 26. The limiting groove plate 27 drives the two locking platforms 210 to move away from the micro electric telescopic rod 2 through the extension rod 29. As the 11 moves to one side, the two locking platforms 210 will move away from the position between the two locking plates 212. At this point, continued pulling will allow the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 to be directly removed from the negative pressure adsorption extension rod 1. Then, the new negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 is installed on the negative pressure adsorption extension rod 1 via a quick-release assembly. The operator holds the fixing shell 25, ensuring the locking cylinder 22 remains coaxial with the negative pressure adsorption extension rod 1, and that the two locking blocks 221 correspond to the strip grooves of the two locking slots 21. Then, the fixing shell 25, through the fixture limiting shell 24, drives the negative pressure cylinder 23 horizontally towards the side closer to the negative pressure adsorption extension rod 1. The negative pressure cylinder 23, through the locking cylinder 22, drives the two locking blocks 221 into the strip grooves of the locking slots 21. During this process, the negative pressure cylinder 23 will also... Spring 26 drives the limiting groove plate 27 to move synchronously. The limiting groove plate 27, through the extension rod 29, drives the two locking platforms 210 to move closer to the position between the two locking plates 212. When the locking block 221 moves to the innermost side of the slot 21, the end of the extension rod 29 near the locking platform 210 will abut against the telescopic shaft of the miniature electric telescopic rod 211. Since the telescopic shaft of the miniature electric telescopic rod 211 remains stationary, the locking platform 210 that abuts against the telescopic shaft of the miniature electric telescopic rod 211 also remains stationary. The locking platform 210, through the limiting groove plate 27, keeps the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 stationary. Then, as the negative pressure cylinder 23 continues to move towards the negative pressure adsorption extension rod 1, the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 will gradually move outward from the small cylinder of the fixture limiting shell 24.Simultaneously, the two locking platforms 210 move between the two locking plates 212. At this time, the operator rotates the fixed shell 25, which drives the negative pressure cylinder 23 to rotate through the tooling limiting shell 24. The negative pressure cylinder 23 drives the two locking blocks 221 to rotate inside the two locking grooves 21 respectively through the locking cylinder 22. The two locking blocks 221 rotate into the square slots of the two locking grooves 21, and at the same time, the two locking platforms 210 rotate into the inside of the two locking plates 212. At this time, the locking blocks 221 are embedded in the square slots of the locking grooves 21 to form a snap-fit ​​relationship, and the locking platforms 210 are hooked by the locking plates 212 to form a snap-fit ​​relationship. This completes the operation of the negative pressure adsorption tooling 28 installed on the negative pressure adsorption extension rod 1. The quick-installation assembly allows for rapid installation of the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28, facilitating quick replacement or repair without disassembling the negative pressure adsorption extension rod 1 or other parts of the machine, and without requiring tools. This shortens changeover and downtime, ensures consistent manual locking and repositioning, avoids misalignment caused by uneven tool application, guarantees the installation accuracy of the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28, improves the maintenance efficiency of automatic assembly of multi-specification planetary gear needle rollers, and reduces spare parts maintenance costs. Simultaneously, the quick-installation assembly maintains a stable connection between the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 and the negative pressure adsorption extension rod 1, and the disassembly and assembly process does not alter the original air circuit interface, which is beneficial for continuous equipment operation.

[0022] The negative pressure cylinder 23 is connected to the interior of the negative pressure adsorption extension rod 1. At this time, the negative pressure generator can be activated, drawing air from the negative pressure adsorption extension rod 1 through a pipe, creating a negative pressure space inside the rod 1. Because the negative pressure cylinder 23 is connected to the interior of the extension rod 1, it is also in a negative pressure state. Finally, because the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 is connected to the interior of the negative pressure cylinder 23 through the limiting groove plate 27, it is also in a negative pressure state. The operator holds the negative pressure adsorption extension rod 1 and inserts the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 into the container containing the needle rollers using the quick-release assembly. The negative pressure state... The adsorption fixture 28 uses air vents to attract needle rollers located near it into the semi-cylindrical grooves of the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28. Once all the semi-cylindrical grooves on the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 have needle rollers adsorbed, the operator places the planetary gear housing over the outside of the needle rollers adsorbed by the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28. At this point, multiple needle rollers are simultaneously assembled inside the planetary gear housing. Finally, the controller controls the retraction of the telescopic shaft of the miniature electric telescopic rod 211. The telescopic shaft of the miniature electric telescopic rod 211, through the locking plate 212 and locking platform 210, causes the extension rod 29 to move towards the inside of the negative pressure adsorption extension rod 1. The extension rod 29 then passes through the limiting groove. Plate 27 drives the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 to move into the small cylinder of the fixture limiting shell 24. The movement of the limiting plate 27 compresses the spring 26. Simultaneously, the movement of the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 drives the adsorbed needle rollers on it to move synchronously into the fixture limiting shell 24. However, because the adsorbed needle rollers protrude from the surface of the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28, multiple needle rollers will abut against the small cylinder end of the fixture limiting shell 24. The needle rollers are restricted by the fixture limiting shell 24 and cannot move. During the continued movement of the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28, sliding occurs between it and the needle rollers. When the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 is completely inside the fixture limiting shell 24, the needle rollers and planetary gears... The shells are all located outside the small cylinder of the tooling limiting shell 24. At this time, multiple needle rollers will remain inside the planetary gear shell. By moving the negative pressure adsorption tooling 28, multiple needle rollers can be quickly assembled into the inside of the planetary gear shell. During assembly, the needle rollers are always constrained by the semi-cylindrical groove of the negative pressure adsorption tooling 28, which can effectively position the needle rollers and avoid problems such as needle roller scratches, jamming and hole wall damage caused by misalignment during assembly, thereby improving the assembly yield. In addition, the negative pressure adsorption tooling 28 can perform full needle adsorption and forming in one go, without relying on the adhesion force of grease to temporarily fix the needle rollers, avoiding the problems of missing parts and needle roller misalignment caused by uneven grease coating in the existing process.

[0023] When the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 is not installed on the negative pressure adsorption extension rod 1, the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 is driven into the small cylinder of the fixture limiting shell 24 by the limiting groove plate 27 under the action of the spring 26. Also, after pausing the assembly of the planetary gear needle rollers, the telescopic shaft of the micro electric telescopic rod 211 can be retracted by the controller. The telescopic shaft of the micro electric telescopic rod 211 will drive the extension rod 29 to move towards the side closer to the micro electric telescopic rod 211 through the locking plate 212 and the locking platform 210. The extension rod 29 will then drive the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 into the small cylinder of the fixture limiting shell 24 through the limiting groove plate 27. All of these actions ensure that the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 is located inside the fixture limiting shell 24. The negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 is protected by the fixture limiting shell 24. The small cylinder of the fixture limiting shell 24 forms a surrounding physical protection for the air pores and semi-cylindrical grooves of the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28. There is no need to disassemble the protective parts or remove the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 from the pipeline. This avoids the blockage of the air pores of the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 and the scratches and decrease in positioning accuracy of the semi-cylindrical grooves caused by collisions, dust, oil stains and residual needle rollers during transportation, changeover and maintenance waiting. This maintains stable adsorption force and repeatability, extends the service life of the adsorption head, reduces the frequency of calibration and maintenance, and improves the safety and maintenance efficiency of the equipment during standby and changeover.

[0024] It should be noted that after a planetary gear needle roller is fully assembled, the telescopic shaft of the miniature electric telescopic rod 211 needs to be extended by the controller. The miniature electric telescopic rod 211, through the locking plate 212 and the locking platform 210, drives the extension rod 29 to move away from the miniature electric telescopic rod 211. The extension rod 29 drives the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 to move from the small cylinder of the fixture limiting shell 24 to the outside through the limiting groove plate 27. During the movement of the limiting groove plate 27, the spring 26 will be stretched. Then, the semi-cylindrical groove and the air hole of the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 will be located on the outside of the fixture limiting shell 24, so that the subsequent planetary gear needle rollers can be fully assembled.

[0025] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figures 6 to 11As shown, the negative pressure cylinder 23 is internally equipped with an actuating assembly for adjusting the needle rollers adsorbed on the outside of the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28. The actuating assembly includes a bearing 31 fixedly connected inside the negative pressure cylinder 23. A guide ring 32 is fixedly connected inside the bearing 31 and rotates within the negative pressure cylinder 23. A drive gear 33 is fixedly connected to the side of the guide ring 32 away from the spring 26. A gear shaft 34 is rotatably connected inside the fixture limiting shell 24, and the gear shaft 34 is close to the drive gear 33. A driven gear 35 is fixedly connected to one end, and the driven gear 35 meshes with the driving gear 33. A bearing 36 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the tooling limiting shell 24. A rotating shell 37 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the bearing 36. A ring-shaped array of protruding teeth 38 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the rotating shell 37. A retraction groove 39 is opened on the outer surface of the rotating shell 37. A toggle plate 310 is rotatably connected inside the retraction groove 39. A torsion spring 311 is provided at the rotatable connection between the toggle plate 310 and the retraction groove 39.

[0026] It should be noted that both bearing 31 and bearing 36 consist of an inner ring, an outer ring, and multiple balls. The guide ring 32 is fixedly connected to the inner ring of bearing 31, and the rotating shell 37 is fixedly connected to the outer ring of bearing 36. The side of the rotating shell 37 near the actuating plate 310 is on the same vertical plane as the end face of the tooling limiting shell 24. The tooling limiting shell 24 has a rotating hole for the gear shaft 34 to rotate. The fixed shell 25 has a circular hole corresponding to the gear shaft 34. The end of the gear shaft 34 that passes through the circular hole of the fixed shell 25 is provided with teeth. The teeth of the gear shaft 34 mesh with the protruding teeth 38. The end of the actuating plate 310 away from the rotating shell 37 is bent. After the bent part of the actuating plate 310 abuts against the planetary gear housing, the actuating plate 310 will rotate away from the negative pressure adsorption tooling 28 around the rotational connection point with the retraction groove 39.

[0027] Specifically, during the suction process via the negative pressure generator, the interiors of the negative pressure adsorption extension rod 1, the negative pressure cylinder 23, and the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 are all under negative pressure. However, external air will still enter the interior of the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 through the air vents. Therefore, air will continuously pass through the perforations of the limiting groove plate 27 inside the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 and enter the interior of the negative pressure cylinder 23. Then, the air enters the interior of the negative pressure adsorption extension rod 1, thus forming a flowing airflow. During the airflow, the guide ring 32 will be blown. This allows the guide ring 32 to rotate inside the negative pressure cylinder 23 under the action of bearing 31. During the rotation of the guide ring 32, the drive gear 33 will rotate synchronously. The drive gear 33 will drive the gear shaft 34 to rotate inside the rotating hole of the tooling limiting shell 24 through the driven gear 35. The gear shaft 34 will cause the rotating shell 37 to rotate through the toothed convex teeth 38 that mesh with it. The rotating shell 37 will rotate outside the fixed shell 25 through bearing 36. During the rotation of the rotating shell 37, the actuating plate rotating in the retraction groove 39 will be driven to rotate. 310 rotates synchronously, and the actuating plate 310 rotates around the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 as the rotation center. Because the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 is inserted into the container containing needle rollers, the outer side of the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 will be covered with needle rollers. Not all the needle rollers in the container correspond to the semi-cylindrical grooves of the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28. Therefore, during the adsorption process, some needle rollers that do not correspond to the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 will block other needle rollers that correspond to the semi-cylindrical grooves of the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28, or even lie across the semi-cylindrical grooves of the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28. On the other hand, during the rotation of the actuating plate 310, the rollers that do not correspond to the semi-cylindrical groove of the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 will be pushed away, making room for the misaligned rollers. The rollers that correspond to the semi-cylindrical groove of the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 can be successfully adsorbed under the action of negative pressure, actively clearing obstacles and avoiding missed adsorption and weak adsorption caused by roller misalignment. This reduces the number of subsequent adsorption attempts and improves the success rate of full needle adsorption. At the same time, it shortens the insertion depth and residence time of the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28 in the roller container, which is conducive to improving the overall assembly efficiency.

[0028] It should be noted that, in the above process, the planetary gear housing needs to be fitted onto the outside of the multiple needle rollers being adsorbed. During the fitting process, the planetary gear housing will contact the bend of the actuating plate 310, and the planetary gear housing will push the actuating plate 310, rotating around the rotational connection with the retraction groove 39 as the axis. The actuating plate 310 will rotate into the retraction groove 39. During the rotation of the actuating plate 310, the torsion spring 311 will elastically deform. After the needle rollers are assembled into the planetary gear housing, the planetary gears no longer contact the actuating plate 310. Under the elastic reset action of the torsion spring 311, the actuating plate 310 rotates from the inside of the retraction groove 39 outward until it rotates to a position parallel to the outer surface of the negative pressure adsorption fixture 28, so as to perform synchronous disturbance operation on the subsequent planetary gear needle roller assembly.

[0029] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic assembly machine for planetary gear needle rollers in a planetary reducer, characterized in that, It includes a negative pressure adsorption extension rod (1) and a negative pressure adsorption fixture (28), wherein the negative pressure adsorption extension rod (1) is provided with a quick-installation assembly for quickly installing the negative pressure adsorption fixture (28) onto the negative pressure adsorption extension rod (1); The quick-installation assembly includes two L-shaped locking grooves (21) on the outer surface of the negative pressure adsorption extension rod (1), and a locking cylinder (22) sleeved on the outer surface of the negative pressure adsorption extension rod (1). The locking cylinder (22) is fixedly connected to a locking block (221) for engaging with the locking grooves (21). The locking cylinder (22) is fixedly connected to a negative pressure cylinder (23) communicating with the negative pressure adsorption extension rod (1). The negative pressure cylinder (23) is fixedly connected to a tooling limiting shell (24) for restricting the movement of the negative pressure adsorption tooling (28). The tooling limiting shell (24) is fixedly connected to a fixing shell (25). The negative pressure cylinder (23) is fixedly connected to a spring (26). The end of the spring (26) away from the end connected to the negative pressure cylinder (23) is fixedly connected to a limiting groove plate (27). The negative pressure adsorption tooling (28) is fixedly connected to the side of the limiting groove plate (27) away from the spring (26). The actuating assembly includes a bearing two (36) fixedly connected to the outside of the tooling limiting shell (24), a rotating shell (37) fixedly connected to the bearing two (36), a retraction groove (39) is provided on the rotating shell (37), and an actuating plate (310) for actuating the needle rollers that are horizontally located on the outside of the negative pressure adsorption tooling (28) is rotatably connected inside the retraction groove (39).

2. The automatic assembly machine for planetary gear needle rollers of a planetary reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The quick-installation assembly also includes an extension rod (29) fixedly connected to the side of the limiting groove plate (27) away from the negative pressure adsorption fixture (28). Two locking platforms (210) are fixedly connected to one end of the extension rod (29) away from the limiting groove plate (27). A miniature electric telescopic rod (211) is inserted into the inside of the negative pressure adsorption extension rod (1). Two locking plates (212) are fixedly connected to the telescopic shaft of the miniature electric telescopic rod (211). The two locking plates (212) are respectively engaged with the two locking platforms (210).

3. The automatic assembly machine for planetary gear needle rollers of a planetary reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tooling limiting shell (24) is composed of a large cylinder and a small cylinder. The limiting groove plate (27) slides inside the negative pressure cylinder (23). The negative pressure adsorption tool (28) slides inside the tooling limiting shell (24). The diameter of the limiting groove plate (27) is larger than the diameter of the negative pressure adsorption tool (28). The inner diameter of the negative pressure cylinder (23) is adapted to the outer diameter of the limiting groove plate (27). The inner diameter of the small cylinder of the tooling limiting shell (24) is adapted to the outer diameter of the negative pressure adsorption tool (28).

4. An automatic assembly machine for planetary gear needle rollers in a planetary reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interior of the negative pressure adsorption extension rod (1) is hollow. The end of the negative pressure adsorption extension rod (1) away from the negative pressure cylinder (23) is connected to the negative pressure generator through a pipe. The interior of the negative pressure adsorption fixture (28) is hollow. The outer surface of the negative pressure adsorption fixture (28) is provided with multiple semi-cylindrical grooves for limiting the adsorbed needle rollers. When the needle rollers are located in the semi-cylindrical grooves of the negative pressure adsorption fixture (28), half of them will protrude from the outer surface of the negative pressure adsorption fixture (28). Each semi-cylindrical groove of the negative pressure adsorption fixture (28) is provided with an air hole.

5. An automatic assembly machine for planetary gear needle rollers in a planetary reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lock groove (21) is an L-shaped groove composed of a square groove and a strip groove. The limiting groove plate (27) is hollow. The diameter of the extension rod (29) near the lock platform (210) is matched with the internal diameter of the lock plate (212). The lock plate (212) is L-shaped.

6. An automatic assembly machine for planetary gear needle rollers in a planetary reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The actuating assembly also includes a bearing (31) fixedly connected inside the negative pressure cylinder (23). A guide ring (32) is fixedly connected inside the bearing (31). The guide ring (32) rotates inside the negative pressure cylinder (23). A drive gear (33) is fixedly connected to the side of the guide ring (32) away from the spring (26). A gear shaft (34) is rotatably connected inside the tooling limiting shell (24). A driven gear (35) is fixedly connected to the end of the gear shaft (34) near the drive gear (33). The driven gear (35) meshes with the drive gear (33). A plurality of protruding teeth (38) are fixedly connected to the inner surface of the rotating shell (37). A torsion spring (311) is provided at the rotatable connection between the actuating plate (310) and the retraction groove (39).

7. An automatic assembly machine for planetary gear needle rollers in a planetary reducer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The tooling limiting shell (24) has a rotating hole for the gear shaft (34) to rotate, and the fixing shell (25) has a round hole corresponding to the gear shaft (34). The end of the gear shaft (34) that passes through the round hole of the fixing shell (25) is provided with teeth, and the teeth of the gear shaft (34) mesh with the protruding teeth (38).

8. An automatic assembly machine for planetary gear needle rollers in a planetary reducer according to claim 6, characterized in that, Both bearing one (31) and bearing two (36) are composed of an inner ring, an outer ring and multiple balls. The guide ring (32) is fixedly connected to the inner ring of bearing one (31). The rotating shell (37) is fixedly connected to the outer ring of bearing two (36). The side of the rotating shell (37) near the actuating plate (310) is on the same vertical plane as the end face of the tooling limiting shell (24). The end of the actuating plate (310) away from the rotating shell (37) is set to be bent.

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