Automatic multi-axis tapping and drilling device for automobile wheel hub

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of tapping and drilling technology, and discloses an automatic multi-axis tapping and drilling device for automotive wheel hubs, including a frame, clamping fixtures, and a tapping and drilling module. The frame is equipped with the clamping fixtures and the tapping and drilling module. The tapping and drilling module includes a lifting mechanism and a lifting frame, on which two sets of processing units and a switching unit are mounted. Each of the two processing units carries multiple sets of drill bits and taps. The switching unit drives the two processing units to switch positions relative to each other. This invention eliminates the traditional workpiece disassembly and reassembly positioning method, effectively eliminating the cumulative positioning error caused by multiple clamping operations and improving the positional accuracy of wheel hub threaded hole processing. The entire fixture relies on the same drive component to synchronously complete clamping and support actions, resulting in uniform force distribution at multiple circumferential clamping points, reducing the risk of wheel hub clamping deformation, and simplifying the equipment's power configuration. This ensures both the reliability of clamping and positioning and improves the overall efficiency of wheel hub processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tapping and drilling technology, and specifically to an automatic multi-axis tapping and drilling device for automobile wheel hubs. Background Technology

[0002] The wheel hub is a core load-bearing component of the vehicle's driving system. Its flange threaded hole is used to realize the assembly connection between the wheel hub and the axle. The quality of the threaded hole processing directly affects the reliability of wheel hub assembly and driving safety. The industry generally adopts a two-step process of "pre-drilling the bottom hole" to complete the threaded hole processing.

[0003] Currently, traditional wheel hub drilling and tapping equipment often separates the drilling and tapping processes into two independent machine tools. After drilling, the workpiece needs to be disassembled, transported, and re-clamped and positioned before tapping. Repeated disassembly and repositioning of the workpiece easily leads to cumulative positioning errors, causing misalignment between the tap and the pre-drilled hole, resulting in machining defects such as thread irregularities, misaligned threads, and out-of-tolerance hole positions, leading to a high workpiece scrap rate. Some integrated drilling and tapping equipment uses a single-tool group operation mode, requiring a complete tool change after drilling, resulting in a long tool change cycle and a processing cycle that is difficult to adapt to the needs of large-scale wheel hub production.

[0004] Existing clamping fixtures mostly employ single-point, single-side clamping schemes, concentrating clamping stress in localized areas of the wheel hub and easily causing workpiece deformation. They also lack a synchronous, bidirectional clamping structure for the inner and outer walls of the wheel hub, resulting in insufficient uniformity of circumferential force. After workpiece processing, the material is often directly removed by a robotic arm, which easily causes surface damage to the wheel hub and damage to the fixture's positioning reference, interfering with the accuracy of subsequent batches. Furthermore, the station switching process is susceptible to circumferential angle drift due to vibration and clearance; existing equipment lacks corresponding synchronous angle adjustment and mechanical locking structures, making it difficult to ensure consistent hole alignment during drilling and tapping processes. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an automatic multi-axis tapping and drilling device for automotive wheel hubs, which effectively solves the problems of large positioning errors and angle drift during multiple clamping and positioning of wheel hubs, resulting in insufficient drilling and tapping accuracy.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides an automatic multi-axis tapping and drilling device for automotive wheel hubs, comprising a frame, a clamping fixture, and a tapping and drilling module. The frame is correspondingly equipped with the clamping fixture and the tapping and drilling module. The tapping and drilling module includes a lifting mechanism and a lifting frame. The lifting frame is equipped with two sets of processing units and a switching unit. The two sets of processing units are each equipped with multiple sets of drill bits and taps. The switching unit drives the two sets of processing units to complete the relative switching of work positions, enabling the wheel hub workpiece to complete the drilling and tapping processes sequentially under the condition of a single clamping of the clamping fixture, eliminating the cumulative positioning error caused by multiple clamping. The clamping fixture includes a fixture table, four sets of clamping assemblies, four sets of supporting assemblies, and a drive assembly. The four sets of clamping assemblies and the four sets of supporting assemblies are arranged in a circular array around the center of the fixture table, alternating between each other. Each clamping assembly includes two clamping parts, which correspond to the inner and outer sidewalls of the wheel hub, respectively. Each supporting assembly includes a supporting part, which is arranged below the lower end face of the wheel hub to achieve vertical support and upward pushing and unloading after processing. The drive assembly is a common power source, which synchronously drives the clamping parts of all clamping assemblies to move toward the inner and outer walls of the hub to complete bidirectional clamping; at the same time, it drives the supporting parts of all supporting assemblies to move vertically back and forth, realizing the workpiece support and push-out unloading action.

[0007] Furthermore, the lifting mechanism is fixedly installed on the upright plate on the back of the machine frame, and the lifting frame is rigidly fixed to the lifting output end of the lifting mechanism. The lifting mechanism drives the lifting frame and the two sets of processing units to achieve vertical feed movement. The switching unit includes a switching frame and a switching cylinder; the switching frame is assembled into the inner cavity of the lifting frame through a linear sliding pair; the cylinder body of the switching cylinder is fixed to the lifting frame, and the telescopic end is rigidly connected to the switching frame through a connecting seat. The cylinder telescopic drive drives the switching frame to move horizontally, thereby realizing the interchange of the workstations of the two processing units. A single machining unit includes a cylinder frame, a drive motor, and a multi-spindle head; the cylinder frame is fixedly mounted on a switching frame; the drive motor and the multi-spindle head are respectively fixed to the top and bottom of the cylinder frame; the output shaft of the drive motor is coupled to the input end of the multi-spindle head through a connecting shaft; multiple sets of drill bits and multiple sets of taps are respectively mounted on the bottom of the multi-spindle heads of the two machining units; the output torque of the drive motor is split by the multi-spindle head to drive multiple tools to rotate synchronously, completing synchronous drilling or tapping of multiple holes in the hub.

[0008] Furthermore, the switching unit also includes an adjustment component for synchronously aligning the circumferential angles of the two sets of processing units; The cylinder frames of the two processing units are rotatably supported inside the switching frame by slewing bearings; the adjusting component includes an adjusting motor, a transition gear, and two gear sleeves; the two gear sleeves are rigidly fixed to the upper ends of the two cylinder frames respectively; the transition gear is arranged in the middle of the two gear sleeves and simultaneously meshes with the outer teeth of the gear sleeves on both sides; the adjusting motor is fixed to the bottom of the switching frame, and its output axis is coaxially fixed with the transition gear. Adjust the motor to drive the transition gear to rotate, and through gear meshing, drive the two gear sleeves and two sets of cylinders to rotate synchronously at the same angle to correct the angular deviation between the tool and the hub hole. After drilling is completed, only the horizontal position is switched, and the rotation angle remains unchanged. After switching to the tapping position, the tap is directly aligned with the pre-made bottom hole. Drilling and tapping share the same set of angular alignment parameters.

[0009] Furthermore, the adjusting component includes a locking component, which is used to mechanically lock the transition gear after the angle adjustment is completed, thereby suppressing angle drift caused by vibration and impact during the workstation switching process. The locking component includes a locking cylinder and a locking block; the locking cylinder is fixed to the top surface of the switching frame by means of a mounting bracket, and the telescopic end of the locking cylinder is rigidly connected to the locking block; an annular conical groove is opened at the upper end of the transition gear, and an annular conical part is integrally formed at the lower end of the locking block; the locking cylinder drives the locking block to move downward, and the annular conical part is embedded in the annular conical groove, and the circumferential rotation of the transition gear is restricted by the interference fit of the conical surface, thereby indirectly locking the rotation posture of the two sets of processing units.

[0010] Furthermore, calibration units are respectively configured on both sides of the tooling table for radial pre-centering and coarse positioning after the wheel hub is loaded; A single calibration unit includes an arc block and a calibration cylinder; the curvature of the inner arc of the arc block matches the curvature of the outer arc of the wheel hub; the arc block is slidably assembled on the side of the tooling table through a linear guide pair; the telescopic end of the calibration cylinder is connected to the arc block; the calibration cylinders on both sides extend synchronously, driving the arc block to radially approach and fit against the outer circumferential surface of the wheel hub, completing the pre-centering positioning of the wheel hub and reducing the load on subsequent clamping components for correction.

[0011] Furthermore, calibration shafts are vertically fixed to the top of the arc-shaped blocks of the two calibration units, and the axes of the two calibration shafts are in the same vertical plane as the hub center axis on the tooling table; Both sides of the cylinder frame of the two processing units are equipped with calibration cylinders, and the upper ends of all calibration cylinders are fixed to the bottom surface of the switching frame; the lower end of the calibration cylinder is equipped with a flared guide horn mouth, which has the ability to introduce fault tolerance. When the drilling module feeds downwards, the tooling side calibration shaft is inserted into the machining side calibration cylinder to form an upper and lower alignment guide constraint, which compensates for the gap drift caused by the horizontal movement of the switching frame and ensures that the tool and the hole to be machined on the hub are accurately aligned.

[0012] Furthermore, each clamping assembly also includes a rotary table; the rotary table is rotatably supported on the top surface of the tooling table via a rotating shaft; two clamping parts are rotatably assembled on the upper surface of the rotary table and arranged symmetrically relative to the center; the rotation of the rotary table drives the two clamping parts to swing in a fan shape, respectively pressing against the inner and outer surfaces of the hub, to achieve bidirectional clamping and secondary centering correction; A single support assembly also includes a threaded cylinder and a threaded rod; the threaded cylinder is rotatably assembled inside the tooling table cavity; the threaded rod is threadedly connected inside the threaded cylinder, and the top end of the threaded rod is rigidly fixed to the bottom surface of the support part; the rotation of the threaded cylinder converts the rotational motion into the axial lifting and lowering of the threaded rod, driving the support part to move up and down; a matching groove matching the bottom contour of the hub is opened on the upper surface of the support part. The drive assembly includes an annular gear sleeve and a drive motor; the rotating shaft at the bottom of the rotating table of the clamping assembly and the threaded cylinder of the supporting assembly are both connected to the annular gear sleeve through a gear pair.

[0013] Furthermore, the annular gear sleeve is rotatably connected to the inside of the tooling table, the drive motor is fixed inside the tooling table, and the output shaft of the drive motor is fixed with a drive gear. The bottom of the annular toothed sleeve is provided with a toothed area 1 that meshes with the outer surface of the transmission gear; and the inner and outer surfaces of the annular toothed sleeve are respectively provided with four sets of toothed areas 2 and four sets of toothed areas 3; the four sets of toothed areas 2 respectively mesh with the rotating gears at the bottom of the rotating shafts in the four clamping components; the four sets of toothed areas 3 respectively mesh with the gear cylinders on the outer surface of the threaded cylinders in the four supporting components. The segmented meshing logic is achieved by relying on the circumferential alternating teeth: when the annular toothed sleeve rotates to the first phase, the rotating gear meshes with toothed area 2, and the gear cylinder disengages from toothed area 3, only driving the clamping components to complete clamping or releasing; when rotated to the second phase, the rotating gear disengages from toothed area 2, and the gear cylinder engages with toothed area 3, only driving the supporting components to move up and down; a single annular toothed sleeve drives two sets of mechanisms in a time-sharing manner, realizing complete isolation of the movement of the clamping components and the supporting components, and eliminating mechanical motion interference.

[0014] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: 1. This invention sets up two independent processing units through a drilling module, which, together with a switching unit, enables workstation interchangeability. The wheel hub can complete drilling and tapping processes sequentially in a single clamping operation, eliminating the need for multiple workpiece disassembly and repositioning in traditional processing. This effectively eliminates the cumulative positioning errors caused by multiple clamping operations and improves the positional accuracy of the wheel hub threaded holes. The clamping fixture uses a circular array of alternating clamping and supporting components. The clamping components can clamp the inner and outer walls of the wheel hub in both directions, while the supporting components provide vertical support for the workpiece and facilitate unloading after processing. The entire fixture relies on the same drive component to synchronously complete the clamping and supporting actions. The circumferential multi-point clamping ensures uniform force distribution, reducing the risk of wheel hub deformation during clamping. It also simplifies the equipment's power configuration, reduces the number of power components, ensures reliable clamping and positioning, shortens process flow time, and improves the overall efficiency of wheel hub processing.

[0015] 2. This invention adds a synchronous angle adjustment component and a locking component to the switching unit. The adjustment motor drives the transition gear, linking the cylinders of two processing units to achieve synchronous rotation at the same angle. This uniformly corrects the angular deviation between the drill bit, tap, and the hub's hole position. After drilling, only the horizontal position is switched, and the rotation angle remains unchanged. After switching to the tapping position, the tap can be directly aligned with the pre-drilled hole. Drilling and tapping share a common set of angular alignment parameters, eliminating the need for secondary alignment and improving processing speed. After the angle is adjusted, the locking cylinder drives the locking block, relying on the interference fit of the conical surface to lock the transition gear. This suppresses angle drift caused by vibration and impact during position switching, preventing circumferential offset of the processing unit. It solves processing defects such as tap misalignment, broken teeth, and thread scrap, ensuring stable angular alignment accuracy for drilling and tapping, reducing workpiece scrap rate, and improving equipment operational stability.

[0016] 3. This invention's clamping fixture relies on a ring-shaped gear sleeve as a single common power source. The alternating tooth distribution on the inner and outer rings of the ring-shaped gear sleeve enables segmented meshing logic, driving the clamping and supporting components in a time-sharing manner. The movements of the two mechanisms are isolated from each other, completely eliminating mechanical motion interference, reducing the number of drive motors, and lowering equipment manufacturing costs. The clamping component, driven by a rotary table, causes two sets of clamping parts to swing in a fan shape, achieving bidirectional clamping of the hub while simultaneously performing secondary centering correction, further optimizing positioning accuracy. The supporting component converts rotary motion into vertical lifting through a threaded cylinder and threaded rod. After processing, the supporting part lifts the workpiece upwards, facilitating the robot arm's removal and preventing dragging and collision damage to the workpiece and fixture positioning reference. The entire transmission structure is integrated inside the fixture table, resulting in a compact structure. Only one drive motor completes multiple actions including clamping, loosening, and workpiece lifting and lowering, simplifying equipment control logic. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling module of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a bottom view of the lifting frame structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the lifting frame of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the transition gear of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping fixture of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the tooling table of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the tooling table of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the driving principle of the driving component of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular toothed sleeve of the present invention.

[0019] The labels in the diagram represent: 10. Machine stand; 20. Clamping fixture; 21. Fixture table; 22. Clamping assembly; 221. Clamping part; 222. Rotary table; 23. Supporting component; 231. Supporting part; 232. Threaded cylinder; 233. Threaded rod; 24. Drive assembly; 241. Annular gear sleeve; 242. Drive motor; 243. Drive gear; 244. Rotary gear; 245. Gear cylinder; 30. Drilling module; 31. Lifting mechanism; 32. Lifting frame; 33. Machining unit; 331. Cylindrical frame; 332. Drive motor; 333. Multi-axis unit; 34. Switching unit; 341. Switching frame; 342. Switching cylinder; 343. Adjusting motor; 344. Transition gear; 345. Gear sleeve; 346. Locking cylinder; 347. Locking block; 35. Calibration unit; 351. Arc block; 352. Calibration cylinder; 353. Calibration shaft; 354. Calibration tube. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments.

[0022] Example 1: Please see Figures 1 to 10This invention provides a technical solution: an automatic multi-axis tapping and drilling device for automobile wheel hubs. The basic support body of the whole machine is a frame platform 10. The frame platform 10 integrates two core execution units: a clamping fixture 20 and a tapping and drilling module 30. The tapping and drilling module 30 consists of a lifting mechanism 31 and a lifting frame 32 forming a lifting and feeding base. The lifting frame 32 is equipped with two sets of processing units 33 and a switching unit 34 for switching work positions. The two sets of processing units 33 are equipped with multiple sets of drill bits and taps respectively. The switching unit 34 completes the switching of the relative position between the workpiece and the processing unit 33, so that the wheel hub is clamped on the clamping fixture 20 in a single operation, and the drilling and tapping processes are completed sequentially. This avoids the cumulative positioning error caused by multiple clamping, improves the positional accuracy of the wheel hub threaded hole, and shortens the process flow time.

[0023] The clamping fixture 20 serves as a wheel hub positioning and clamping carrier, including a fixture table 21, four sets of clamping components 22, four sets of supporting components 23, and a drive component 24. The four sets of clamping components 22 and the four sets of supporting components 23 are arranged in a circular array around the center of the fixture table 21, which achieves multi-point circumferential uniform force and avoids deformation caused by single-point clamping of the wheel hub.

[0024] Each clamping assembly 22 is equipped with a pair of clamping parts 221, which act on the inner and outer walls of the hub respectively, achieving bidirectional clamping and positioning of the hub. Each supporting assembly 23 is equipped with a supporting part 231, which is positioned below the lower end face of the hub to vertically support the workpiece. After processing, it can be lifted upwards to unload the workpiece. The drive assembly 24 serves as a common power source, driving the clamping parts 221 of all clamping assemblies 22 towards the inner and outer walls of the hub to complete clamping and positioning. Simultaneously, it drives the supporting parts 231 of all supporting assemblies 23 to vertically reciprocate, achieving both support and unloading of the hub workpiece.

[0025] See attached document Figures 1 to 4 The lifting mechanism 31 is fixedly installed on the back plate of the machine frame 10, and the lifting frame 32 is rigidly fixed to the lifting output end of the lifting mechanism 31. The lifting mechanism 31 can adopt a servo screw slide module to drive the lifting frame 32 and the two sets of processing units 33 assembled on it to make vertical feed movements, providing axial processing feed for drilling and tapping.

[0026] The switching unit 34 consists of a switching frame 341 and a switching cylinder 342. The switching frame 341 is mounted in the inner cavity of the lifting frame 32 by a linear sliding pair. The cylinder body of the switching cylinder 342 is fixed to the lifting frame 32, and the cylinder extension end is rigidly connected to the switching frame 341 through a connecting seat. The switching frame 341 is horizontally displaced by the extension and retraction of the switching cylinder 342, thereby completing the switching of the two sets of processing units 33 and realizing the rapid interchange of the drill bit station and the tap station.

[0027] Each machining unit 33 consists of a cylindrical frame 331, a drive motor 332, and a multi-spindle head 333. The cylindrical frame 331 is fixed on the switching frame 341 as a supporting base. The drive motor 332 and the multi-spindle head 333 are respectively installed at the top and bottom of the cylindrical frame 331. The output shaft of the drive motor 332 is transmitted into the cylindrical frame 331 through a connecting shaft and is coupled with the input end of the multi-spindle head 333. The multi-spindle head 333 decomposes one input torque and outputs it to multiple output shafts. Multiple sets of drill bits and multiple sets of taps are respectively mounted at the bottom of the multi-spindle head 333 of the two machining units 33. The drive motor 332 outputs rotational power, which is split by the multi-spindle head 333 to drive multiple tools to rotate synchronously, realizing synchronous drilling or tapping of multiple holes in the hub, and improving batch processing efficiency.

[0028] See attached document Figures 2 to 5 The switching unit 34 is further equipped with an adjustment component for synchronously rotating and adjusting the circumferential angle of the two sets of machining units 33 cylinder frames 331, correcting the angular deviation between the tool and the hole to be machined on the hub, and ensuring that the tool is accurately aligned with the machining point.

[0029] The cylinder frames 331 of the two processing units 33 are rotatably supported inside the switching frame 341 by slewing bearings, and have circumferential rotational freedom. The adjusting components include an adjusting motor 343, a transition gear 344, and two gear sleeves 345. The two gear sleeves 345 are rigidly fixed to the upper ends of the two cylinder frames 331, and the transition gear 344 is arranged in the middle of the two gear sleeves 345 and meshes with the external teeth of the gear sleeves 345 on both sides. The adjusting motor 343 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the switching frame 341, and the motor output axis passes through the switching frame 341 and is coaxially fixed with the transition gear 344.

[0030] Working principle: After the clamping fixture 20 completes the clamping and positioning of the wheel hub, if there is a misalignment between the circumferential angle of the wheel hub hole and the tool angle, the adjusting motor 343 drives the transition gear 344 to rotate. Through gear meshing, the gear sleeves 345 on both sides and the cylinder 331 rotate synchronously at the same angle. The two sets of processing units 33 synchronously complete the angular alignment. After the drilling process is completed, the switching unit 34 only performs horizontal position switching, and the rotation angle remains unchanged. After switching to the tapping position, the tap is directly aligned with the pre-made bottom hole. Drilling and tapping share the same set of angular alignment parameters, saving the time of secondary alignment and significantly improving the processing cycle.

[0031] See attached document Figure 4 and Figure 5 The adjusting component is equipped with a locking component. After the rotation angle is adjusted to the correct position, the transition gear 344 is mechanically locked to eliminate the impact vibration caused by the switching process, which causes the gear pair angle to deviate. This ensures the angle accuracy of subsequent tapping and solves the problem that when the switching cylinder 342 drives the switching frame 341 to move horizontally, the processing unit 33 is subject to inertia and vibration, which causes the tap to fail to align with the hole, resulting in broken teeth and scrapped threads.

[0032] The locking component consists of a locking cylinder 346 and a locking block 347. The locking cylinder 346 is fixed to the top surface of the switching frame 341 by means of a mounting bracket, and the telescopic end of the locking cylinder 346 is rigidly connected to the locking block 347. An annular conical groove is opened on the upper end surface of the transition gear 344, and an annular conical part is integrally formed at the lower end of the locking block 347. After the angle is adjusted to the correct position, the locking cylinder 346 drives the locking block 347 to move downward, and the annular conical part of the locking block 347 is embedded in the annular conical groove of the transition gear 344. The transition gear 344 is mechanically locked by the interference fit of the conical surface, which restricts the circumferential rotation of the transition gear 344 and indirectly locks the rotation posture of the two gear sleeves 345 and the two sets of processing units 33.

[0033] See attached document Figures 2 to 4 and Figure 6 A calibration unit 35 is arranged on each of the left and right sides of the tooling table 21. It is used for radial pre-centering positioning after the wheel hub is placed on the tooling table 21, and for coarse positioning of the wheel hub to reduce the correction load of the subsequent clamping assembly 22.

[0034] Each calibration unit 35 includes an arc block 351 and a calibration cylinder 352. The inner arc curvature of the arc block 351 matches the outer arc contour curvature of the wheel hub. The arc block 351 is slidably mounted on the side of the tooling table 21 via a linear guide pair. The cylinder body of the calibration cylinder 352 is fixed on the tooling table 21, and its telescopic end is connected to the arc block 351. The calibration cylinders 352 of the two calibration units 35 extend synchronously, driving the arc blocks 351 on both sides to move radially toward the wheel hub. The inner arc surface of the arc block 351 fits against the outer circumferential surface of the wheel hub, completing the rough centering pre-positioning of the wheel hub and reducing the wheel hub placement eccentricity.

[0035] See attached document Figures 6 to 9 The single clamping assembly 22 is equipped with a rotating platform 222, which is rotatably supported on the top surface of the tooling table 21 via a rotating shaft. Two clamping parts 221 are rotatably assembled on the upper surface of the rotating platform 222, and the two are symmetrically arranged relative to the center of the rotating platform 222. When the rotating platform 222 rotates, it drives the two clamping parts 221 to swing in a fan shape. The clamping parts 221 respectively fit against the inner and outer walls of the wheel hub, completing the two-way clamping and clamping, and at the same time performing secondary centering correction and clamping of the wheel hub. The clamping part 221 consists of a rotating rod and a quick-release clamping block. The clamping block is a consumable part and can be replaced separately after wear, without the need to replace the entire assembly.

[0036] The single support assembly 23 includes a threaded cylinder 232 and a threaded rod 233. The threaded cylinder 232 is rotatably mounted inside the cavity of the tooling table 21. The threaded rod 233 is threadedly engaged in the inner hole of the threaded cylinder 232, and the top end of the threaded rod 233 is rigidly fixed to the bottom surface of the support part 231. The threaded cylinder 232 rotates, and the rotational motion is converted into the axial lifting and lowering of the threaded rod 233 by the thread pair, which drives the support part 231 to move up and down. The upper surface of the support part 231 has a matching groove that matches the bottom contour of the hub, which improves the fit of the workpiece. After processing, the support part 231 is lifted up, which pushes the hub away from the tooling positioning surface, making it convenient for the robot to pick up the part and avoiding the collision and displacement of the tooling positioning surface caused by directly dragging the workpiece.

[0037] The drive assembly 24 consists of an annular gear sleeve 241 and a drive motor 242; the rotating shaft of the rotating table 222 of the clamping assembly 22 and the threaded cylinder 232 of the supporting assembly 23 are connected to the annular gear sleeve 241 through gear meshing, and the rotation of the annular gear sleeve 241 provides a unified power source.

[0038] Example 2: The difference from Example 1 is that; See attached document Figure 5 The top of the arc-shaped block 351 of the two calibration units 35 is vertically fixed with a calibration shaft 353. The axes of the two calibration shafts 353 are in the same vertical plane as the center axis of the hub workpiece on the tooling table 21, which transmits the reference position of the workpiece side. The two sets of processing units 33 are equipped with calibration cylinders 354 on both sides of the cylinder frame 331. The upper ends of all four calibration cylinders 354 are fixed to the bottom surface of the switching frame 341. The central axis of the cylinder frame 331 is coplanar with the axis of two of the calibration cylinders 354. The lower end of the calibration cylinder 354 is processed into a flared guide horn mouth, which has the ability to guide and tolerate large angles.

[0039] When the lifting mechanism 31 drives the drilling module 30 to feed downwards to perform the machining action, the calibration shaft 353 on the tooling side is inserted into the calibration cylinder 354 on the machining side to form an upper and lower alignment guide constraint. This can compensate for the slight positional error caused by the horizontal movement of the switching frame 341 driven by the switching cylinder 342, suppress the gap drift of the switching frame 341, ensure that the tool accurately corresponds to the pre-made hole position of the hub when it falls, and avoid machining misalignment and hole deviation defects.

[0040] Example 3: The difference from Example 1 is that; See attached document Figures 8 to 10 The annular gear sleeve 241 is slewing bearing installed in the inner cavity of the tooling table 21; the drive motor 242 is fixed inside the tooling table 21, and the motor output shaft is equipped with the drive gear 243; a toothed area is arranged on the inner ring of the lower end of the annular gear sleeve 241, and the toothed area meshes with the drive gear 243. The drive motor 242 drives the drive gear 243, thereby driving the annular gear sleeve 241 to rotate circumferentially.

[0041] The inner ring of the annular gear sleeve 241 has four sets of toothed areas (secondary) and the outer ring has four sets of toothed areas (thirdary). Toothed areas (secondary and thirdary) are arranged alternately along the circumference. The four sets of toothed areas (secondary) mesh with the rotating gears 244 at the lower ends of the rotating shafts of the four clamping components 22. The four sets of toothed areas (thirdary) mesh with the gear cylinders 245 of the four supporting components 23. The segmented meshing logic is achieved through this alternating circumferential toothed layout. 1. When the rotating gear 244 is engaged with the toothed area 2, the gear cylinder 245 and the toothed area 3 are disengaged. At this time, the annular toothed sleeve 241 rotates, which only drives the clamping component 22 to complete the clamping / releasing action. The supporting component 23 remains stationary and will not undergo lifting movement. 2. When rotating to another phase, the rotating gear 244 disengages from the second tooth area, and the gear cylinder 245 engages with the third tooth area. The rotation of the annular sleeve 241 will only drive the supporting component 23 to move up and down, while the clamping component 22 remains stationary.

[0042] This allows the same annular gear sleeve 241 to be driven by a single power source, which can drive two sets of mechanisms in a time-sharing manner, with the movements of the two mechanisms isolated from each other and without mechanical interference.

[0043] Example of complete operation process: The workpiece is placed on the support part 231 in the lifting state; the annular gear sleeve 241 rotates, the third tooth area meshes and drives the gear cylinder 245 to rotate, driving the threaded cylinder 232 to rotate, and the support part 231 drives the hub to sit down; after the support is in place, the gear cylinder 245 disengages; the annular gear sleeve 241 continues to rotate in the same direction, the second tooth area engages and drives the rotating gear 244 and the rotating table 222 to rotate, and the clamping part 221 swings to complete the clamping and positioning of the inner and outer walls of the hub.

[0044] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic multi-axis tapping and drilling device for automobile wheel hubs, comprising a frame (10), a clamping fixture (20), and a tapping and drilling module (30); the frame (10) is equipped with the clamping fixture (20) and the tapping and drilling module (30) respectively, characterized in that: The drilling module (30) includes a lifting mechanism (31) and a lifting frame (32). The lifting frame (32) is equipped with two sets of processing units (33) and a switching unit (34). The two sets of processing units (33) are equipped with multiple sets of drill bits and taps respectively. The switching unit (34) drives the two sets of processing units (33) to complete the relative switching of work positions, so that the hub workpiece can complete the drilling and tapping processes in sequence under the single clamping condition of the clamping fixture (20). The clamping fixture (20) includes a fixture table (21), four sets of clamping components (22), four sets of supporting components (23), and a drive component (24); the four sets of clamping components (22) and the four sets of supporting components (23) are arranged in a circular array around the center of the fixture table (21) and are alternately arranged; each set of clamping components (22) includes two clamping parts (221), which correspond to the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the wheel hub, respectively; each set of supporting components (23) includes a supporting part (231), which is arranged below the lower end face of the wheel hub; The drive assembly (24) synchronously drives the clamping parts (221) of all clamping assemblies (22) to move toward the inner and outer walls of the hub to complete bidirectional clamping; at the same time, it drives the supporting parts (231) of all supporting assemblies (23) to move vertically back and forth, so as to realize the workpiece support and push unloading action.

2. The automatic multi-axis tapping and drilling device for automobile wheel hubs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism (31) is fixedly installed on the back plate of the machine frame (10), and the lifting frame (32) is rigidly fixed to the lifting output end of the lifting mechanism (31). The lifting mechanism (31) drives the lifting frame (32) and the two sets of processing units (33) to achieve vertical feed movement. The switching unit (34) includes a switching frame (341) and a switching cylinder (342); the switching frame (341) is assembled in the inner cavity of the lifting frame (32) through a linear sliding pair; the cylinder body of the switching cylinder (342) is fixed to the lifting frame (32), and the telescopic end is rigidly connected to the switching frame (341) through a connecting seat. The cylinder telescopic drive the switching frame (341) to move horizontally, thereby realizing the interchange of the work positions of the two processing units (33); A single processing unit (33) includes a cylinder frame (331), a drive motor (332), and a multi-spindle (333). The cylinder frame (331) is fixedly mounted on a switching frame (341). The drive motor (332) and the multi-spindle (333) are respectively fixed to the top and bottom of the cylinder frame (331). The output shaft of the drive motor (332) is coupled to the input end of the multi-spindle (333) through a connecting shaft. The bottom of the multi-spindle (333) of the two processing units (33) is equipped with multiple sets of drill bits and multiple sets of taps. The output torque of the drive motor (332) is split through the multi-spindle (333) to drive multiple tools to rotate synchronously and complete the synchronous drilling or tapping of multiple holes in the hub.

3. The automatic multi-axis tapping and drilling device for automobile wheel hubs according to claim 2, characterized in that: The switching unit (34) also includes an adjustment component for synchronously aligning the two sets of processing units (33) in the circumferential angle; The cylinder frames (331) of the two processing units (33) are rotatably supported inside the switching frame (341) by slewing bearings; the adjusting components include an adjusting motor (343), a transition gear (344), and two gear sleeves (345); the two gear sleeves (345) are rigidly fixed to the upper ends of the two cylinder frames (331); the transition gear (344) is arranged in the middle of the two gear sleeves (345) and simultaneously meshes with the outer teeth of the gear sleeves (345) on both sides; the adjusting motor (343) is fixed to the bottom of the switching frame (341), and its output axis is coaxially fixed with the transition gear (344) in the upper direction; The regulating motor (343) drives the transition gear (344) to rotate, and through gear meshing, it synchronously drives the two gear sleeves (345) and the two sets of cylinder frames (331) to rotate synchronously at the same angle.

4. The automatic multi-axis tapping and drilling device for automobile wheel hubs according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjusting component includes a locking component, which is used to mechanically lock the transition gear (344) after the angle adjustment is completed; The locking components include a locking cylinder (346) and a locking block (347). The locking cylinder (346) is fixed to the top surface of the switching frame (341) by means of a mounting bracket, and the telescopic end of the locking cylinder (346) is rigidly connected to the locking block (347). An annular conical groove is opened at the upper end of the transition gear (344), and an annular conical part is integrally formed at the lower end of the locking block (347). The locking cylinder (346) drives the locking block (347) to move downward, and the annular conical part is embedded in the annular conical groove. The interference fit of the conical surface restricts the circumferential rotation of the transition gear (344), thereby indirectly locking the rotation posture of the two sets of processing units (33).

5. The automatic multi-axis tapping and drilling device for automobile wheel hubs according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tooling table (21) is equipped with calibration units (35) on both sides for radial pre-centering and coarse positioning after the wheel hub is loaded. A single calibration unit (35) includes an arc block (351) and a calibration cylinder (352); the inner arc curvature of the arc block (351) matches the outer arc contour curvature of the hub; the arc block (351) is slidably mounted on the side of the tooling table (21) through a linear guide pair; the telescopic end of the calibration cylinder (352) is connected to the arc block (351); the calibration cylinders (352) on both sides extend synchronously, driving the arc block (351) to radially approach and fit against the outer circumferential surface of the hub, thus completing the pre-centering positioning of the hub.

6. The automatic multi-axis tapping and drilling device for automobile wheel hubs according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the arc-shaped block (351) of the two sets of calibration units (35) is vertically fixed with calibration shafts (353), and the axes of the two calibration shafts (353) are in the same vertical plane as the hub center axis on the tooling table (21); The two sets of processing units (33) are equipped with calibration cylinders (354) on both sides of the cylinder frame (331), and the upper ends of all calibration cylinders (354) are fixed to the bottom surface of the switching frame (341); When the drilling module (30) feeds downward, the tooling side calibration shaft (353) is inserted into the machining side calibration cylinder (354) to form an upper and lower alignment guide constraint, which compensates for the gap drift caused by the horizontal movement of the switching frame (341).

7. The automatic multi-axis tapping and drilling device for automobile wheel hubs according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each clamping assembly (22) also includes a rotary table (222); the rotary table (222) is rotatably supported on the top surface of the tooling table (21) via a rotating shaft; Two clamping parts (221) are rotatably mounted on the upper surface of the rotary table (222) and arranged symmetrically relative to the center; the rotary table (222) rotates and drives the two clamping parts (221) to swing in a fan shape, respectively pressing against the inner and outer surfaces of the hub, realizing bidirectional clamping and secondary centering correction; The individual support assembly (23) also includes a threaded cylinder (232) and a threaded rod (233); the threaded cylinder (232) is rotatably assembled inside the cavity of the tooling table (21); the threaded rod (233) is threadedly connected inside the threaded cylinder (232), and the top end of the threaded rod (233) is rigidly fixed to the bottom surface of the support part (231); The drive assembly (24) includes an annular gear sleeve (241) and a drive motor (242); the rotating shaft at the bottom of the rotating table (222) of the clamping assembly (22) and the threaded cylinder (232) of the supporting assembly (23) are all connected to the annular gear sleeve (241) through a gear pair.

8. The automatic multi-axis tapping and drilling device for automobile wheel hubs according to claim 7, characterized in that: The annular toothed sleeve (241) is rotatably connected to the tooling table (21), the drive motor (242) is fixed inside the tooling table (21), and the output shaft of the drive motor (242) is fixed with a drive gear (243). The bottom of the annular toothed sleeve (241) is provided with a toothed area 1 that meshes with the outer surface of the transmission gear (243); and the inner and outer surfaces of the annular toothed sleeve (241) are provided with four sets of toothed areas 2 and four sets of toothed areas 3 respectively; the four sets of toothed areas 2 respectively mesh with the rotating gears (244) at the bottom of the rotating shafts in the four clamping components (22); the four sets of toothed areas 3 respectively mesh with the gear cylinders (245) on the outer surface of the threaded cylinders (232) in the four supporting components (23).

Images