High-rigidity turning-milling combined power cutter spindle mechanism

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of turning-milling composite machine tool technology, and particularly to a high-rigidity turning-milling composite power tool spindle mechanism. It includes a turning-milling composite machine tool body and a power tool holder. The power tool holder is fixedly mounted on the front movable platform of the turning-milling composite machine tool body, and a fixing component is provided on the housing of the power tool holder. The fixing component is used to fix the fixing component on the front end face of the power tool holder. A tool holder box is horizontally rotatably connected to the front end of the spindle in the power tool holder. Inside the housing, along the spindle axial direction from front to back, a front locking component, a middle locking component, and a rear locking component are arranged sequentially. This invention adopts an axial three-stage segmented locking structure combined with a synchronous linkage anti-pressure drive mechanism, and an integrated anti-loosening and vibration-damping fixed installation structure to achieve rigid locking of the entire length of the spindle without backlash. It is also suitable for composite machining conditions of heavy-duty turning and high-speed milling, significantly improving the spindle's operational stability and machining accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of milling and turning technology, and in particular to a high-rigidity milling and turning power tool spindle mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] Milling-turning composite machining centers are core equipment in the field of precision machining. Integrating multiple machining processes such as turning, milling, drilling, and tapping, they can complete the integrated forming of complex, irregularly shaped parts in a single operation. This effectively reduces secondary clamping errors, improves machining efficiency and part forming accuracy, and is widely used in high-end precision manufacturing fields such as precision hardware, aerospace parts, and automotive components. The power turret is the core functional component of a milling-turning composite machine tool, enabling automated tool changing and powered cutting. It combines indexing and tool changing positioning with power output functions, adapting to the cutting requirements of different processes. In actual machining conditions, turning is mainly heavy-duty cutting, requiring high spindle output torque and overall structural rigidity, necessitating excellent load-bearing and deformation resistance. Milling is mainly precision forming cutting, demanding stringent requirements on spindle speed and operational stability, and necessitating the suppression of vibration interference during the machining process. The locking structure of the turret after indexing and tool changing is a key structure for locking the turret's positioning posture, resisting cutting loads, and controlling machining vibrations. Its locking rigidity, positioning accuracy, and clearance control capability directly determine the workpiece machining accuracy and the long-term operational stability of the equipment.

[0003] Currently, the power turrets of milling and turning machines in the industry generally use a single locking method to lock and fix the machine after indexing and positioning, which is a standardized and common process. In the conventional machining process, the machine tool retrieves the machining operation according to the CNC program, drives the power turret to complete the indexing rotation, and accurately positions the target tool to the machining station. After the indexing angle is calibrated, the single locking mechanism is activated to perform the locking action. Existing conventional locking structures mostly use single end face clamping, single-point pin locking, or single-sided clamping to achieve relative fixation between the power spindle box and the indexing turntable box through a single force structure, restricting the relative rotation and displacement between the boxes. After the locking operation is completed, the equipment can carry out continuous turning and milling composite machining. After the single operation is completed, the locking mechanism is unlocked, the turret is indexed again for tool change, and the cycle is repeated to complete batch production. This type of single locking structure has a simple operation logic, is easy to assemble, and has low manufacturing cost. It can meet the machining needs of ordinary parts under normal light load, uniform speed, and single working conditions, and is therefore widely used in the industry.

[0004] Existing single-locking power turret locking structures have significant performance shortcomings under complex milling and turning conditions, with insufficient adaptability and stability. Single-locking structures rely on single-point or single-surface force to achieve locking, resulting in a limited effective locking force area, low ultimate locking load, and weak overall structural rigidity. Under heavy cutting and high-torque conditions in turning, they cannot completely offset the continuous and alternating cutting resistance, which can easily lead to slight relative displacement between the power spindle box and the indexing turntable, causing overall turret misalignment. At the same time, single mechanical locking structures cannot eliminate the assembly clearance of components. Under the continuous vibration conditions of high-speed milling, these small clearances will be continuously amplified, exacerbating the overall turret vibration and reducing machining accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention solves the problems in related technologies and proposes a high-rigidity milling and turning composite power tool spindle mechanism.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a high-rigidity milling and turning composite power tool spindle mechanism, including a milling and turning composite machine tool body and a power tool holder. The power tool holder is fixedly mounted on the front moving table of the milling and turning composite machine tool body, and a fixing member is provided on the housing of the power tool holder. The fixing member is used to fix the fixing member on the front end face of the power tool holder. The front end of the spindle is horizontally rotatably connected to the power tool holder and a tool holder box is installed. The housing is provided with a front locking member, a middle locking member and a rear locking member in sequence from front to back along the spindle axis. The front locking member, the middle locking member and the rear locking member are all used to limit the rotation of the spindle in the housing. A pressing member is provided on the rear side of the housing. The pressing member is used to press against the rear locking member, and the front locking member, the middle locking member and the rear locking member limit and lock the spindle rotation.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the fastener includes a fixed plate base, a connecting plate base, and a mounting plate base. The fixed plate base is located on the upper side of the chassis, and the mounting plate base is horizontally arranged above the fixed plate base. The mounting plate base is used for fixed assembly with the moving platform. Multiple assembly slots are opened horizontally and vertically on both sides of the chassis, and the connecting plate base is vertically inserted into the multiple assembly slots.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, multiple assembly guide posts are horizontally and vertically fixed on the top surface of the connecting plate base, and these multiple assembly guide posts are vertically limited and inserted into multiple assembly slots in the chassis. Bolts are vertically fixed at the top of the assembly guide posts, and anti-loosening slots are vertically provided on the top surface of the bolts. Multiple connection slots are vertically provided on both sides of the fixing plate base, and these multiple connection slots on the fixing plate base are vertically limited and inserted into the multiple assembly guide posts. Nuts are threaded onto the bolts, and the nuts are used to connect and assemble the fixing plate base and the connecting plate base on the chassis.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, multiple guide bars are evenly and vertically fixed on the outer circumference of the nut, and vertical sliding rings are vertically limited and slidably inserted on the multiple guide bars of the nut. A pull-down spring is vertically fixed at the top of the vertical sliding ring, and the top of the pull-down spring is fixed at the top of the nut. An anti-loosening pin is vertically fixed above the vertical sliding ring, and the anti-loosening pin is vertically limited and inserted into the anti-loosening slot of the bolt.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, multiple studs are evenly and vertically fixed on the top surface of the fixed plate base, and multiple rubber pillars are evenly and vertically arranged on the top surface of the fixed plate base. The bottom ends of the multiple rubber pillars are vertically provided with mounting screw grooves, and the mounting screw grooves at the bottom ends of the multiple rubber pillars are threadedly assembled and connected to the multiple studs on the fixed plate base. Sliding frames are vertically and symmetrically fixed on both sides of the top surface of the fixed plate base, and multiple damping rods are vertically fixed on the top surface of the fixed plate base. Assembly sliders are fixed on both sides of the mounting plate base, and the assembly sliders are vertically slidably assembled in the sliding frames. Multiple pressing pins are vertically fixed on the bottom surface of the mounting plate base, and the multiple pressing pins are pressed and inserted into the top surface of the multiple rubber pillars. The top ends of the multiple damping rods are fixed to the bottom surface of the mounting plate base. A fixing ear plate is vertically fixed on the top surface of the mounting plate base, and the fixing ear plate is fixed to the moving platform by screws.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, a front locking groove ring plate is fixed on the front of the outer circumference of the spindle, and multiple locking screw grooves are opened in the middle of the outer circumference of the spindle, while a rear locking groove ring plate is fixed on the rear of the outer circumference of the spindle.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the front locking component includes a front locking ring and a rod seat. The front locking ring is horizontally sleeved on the outside of the spindle, and a hole plate seat is fixed on both sides of the front locking ring. Two rod seats are symmetrically arranged, and the two rod seats are fixed on the inner wall of the machine housing. The two rod seats are slidably inserted into the hole plate seats on both sides of the front locking ring. A return spring is horizontally arranged between the two rod seats and the hole plate seats, and the two ends of the return spring are fixed on the adjacent end faces of the rod seats and the hole plate seats. The front locking ring is circumferentially limited and locked with the front locking groove ring plate, and a pressing post is horizontally fixed through the rod seat on both sides of the rear end face of the front locking ring.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the central locking component includes a toothed groove ring, a translation ring plate, and a slotted bracket. Two toothed groove rings are symmetrically arranged, and each ring is locked to the spindle via a fixing screw that engages with the locking screw groove on the spindle. Two translation ring plates are symmetrically arranged between the two toothed groove rings, and tension springs are horizontally fixed to the adjacent end faces of the two translation ring plates. The adjacent ends of the toothed groove ring and the translation ring plates are respectively provided with toothed grooves and locking teeth, which engage to limit and lock the toothed groove ring and the translation ring plates. Vertically arranged on both sides of the two translation ring plates are... The slotted frame is fixed to the inner wall of the chassis. A pressure rod is horizontally slidably inserted in the middle of the slotted frame, and a return spring is horizontally sleeved on the outside of the pressure rod. The two ends of the return spring are fixed to the ends of the slotted frame and the pressure rod, respectively. Guide sliders are horizontally fixed on both sides of the two translation ring plates, and the guide sliders are horizontally slidably connected to the slotted frame. Pressure wheels are vertically rotatably connected to the adjacent side end faces of the two translation ring plates. A pressing block is horizontally fixed at one end of the pressure rod facing the two translation ring plates, and the pressing block and the pressure wheel press against each other to control the opening and closing of the two translation ring plates.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the rear locking component includes a slot plate seat, with two slot plate seats arranged horizontally and symmetrically. The two slot plate seats are locked with the rear locking groove ring plate on the main shaft to limit the rotation of the main shaft. A mating spring is vertically arranged between the two slot plate seats, and the two ends of the mating spring are respectively fixed on the adjacent end faces of the two slot plate seats. Rollers are horizontally rotatably connected to the adjacent end faces of the two slot plate seats.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, the pressing component includes a guide frame and a hole frame. Two guide frames are arranged horizontally symmetrically, and the two guide frames are fixed to the inner rear end face of the chassis. The hole frame is horizontally slidably inserted into the front part of the two guide frames. A pressing hydraulic cylinder is horizontally fixed on the two guide frames, and the output end of the pressing hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the hole frame. From back to front, a wedge frame, a cone column, and a push plate are horizontally fixed on both sides of the front end face of the hole frame. The wedge frame is pressed against the roller in the rear locking component. The outer arc surface of the cone column is pressed against the end of the pressing rod in the middle locking component. The push plate is pressed against the rear end of the pressing column in the front locking component.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention overcomes the limitations of traditional single-point locking by employing a three-stage, segmented, synchronous locking mode (front, middle, and rear) to achieve full-coverage limiting and locking along the entire length of the spindle. This significantly improves the spindle's overall resistance to torsion, compression, and deformation, effectively counteracting the high-torque cutting resistance during turning and eliminating dimensional deviations caused by micro-displacement or misalignment of the spindle. Simultaneously, the multi-point tight engagement locking eliminates assembly gaps, fundamentally suppressing gap vibrations under high-speed milling conditions, and significantly improving part machining accuracy and surface quality. Combined with a rear-mounted single-source hydraulic synchronous drive structure, the three-stage locking action is unified and the force is balanced, resulting in locking stability and consistency far superior to traditional locking structures, eliminating the risk of localized locking failure.

[0017] Furthermore, the device is equipped with a mechanical threaded anti-loosening structure and a rubber damping composite shock absorption structure, which not only prevents equipment assembly loosening caused by long-term vibration, but also absorbs processing vibration energy step by step, weakens vibration transmission, further optimizes the smoothness of spindle operation, and extends the service life of the spindle, cutting tools, and the entire machine. The overall structure is easy to assemble, has reliable linkage logic, and strong adaptability to working conditions. It can simultaneously meet the stringent requirements of heavy-duty roughing and high-speed finishing, effectively making up for the performance shortcomings of traditional turning and milling composite spindle locking structures, and reducing equipment failure rate and parts scrap rate. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the power tool holder in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the power tool holder in its disassembled state in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tool holder box in an exploded state according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting plate base in an exploded state according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed plate base in an exploded state according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the main shaft, front locking member, middle locking member and rear locking member in an exploded state in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the main shaft in an exploded state in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the front locking member in an exploded state in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the central locking member in the disassembled state in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11This is a schematic diagram of the rear locking member in an exploded state in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressing member in the disassembled state in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Turning-milling composite machine tool body; 11. Moving table; 2. Power tool holder; 3. Machine housing; 31. Assembly slot; 4. Fixing component; 41. Fixed plate base; 411. Connecting slot; 412. Stud; 413. Rubber column; 414. Slide frame; 415. Damping rod; 42. Connecting plate base; 421. Assembly guide post; 422. Bolt; 423. Anti-loosening slot; 424. Nut; 425. Vertical slip ring; 426. Anti-loosening locking post; 427. Pull-down spring; 43. Mounting plate base; 431. Pressing insert; 432. Fixed ear plate; 433. Assembly slider; 5. Spindle; 51. Front locking groove ring plate; 52. Rear locking groove ring plate; 6. 7. Front locking component; 61. Front locking ring; 62. Hole plate seat; 63. Rod seat; 64. Pull-back spring; 65. Pressing column; 7. Middle locking component; 71. Snap tooth groove ring; 711. Fixing screw; 712. Tooth groove; 72. Translation ring plate; 721. Snap bar tooth; 722. Pressing roller; 723. Guide slider; 73. Pull spring; 74. Hole groove frame; 75. Pressing rod; 76. Extrusion block; 77. Return spring; 8. Rear locking component; 81. Snap groove plate seat; 82. Roller; 83. Engaging spring; 9. Pressing component; 91. Guide rod frame; 92. Pressing hydraulic cylinder; 93. Hole frame; 94. Wedge frame; 95. Conical column; 96. Push plate. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, a high-rigidity milling and turning composite power tool spindle mechanism includes a milling and turning composite machine tool body 1 and a power tool holder 2. The power tool holder 2 is fixedly mounted on the front moving table 11 of the milling and turning composite machine tool body 1, and a fixing member 4 is provided on the housing 3 of the power tool holder 2. The fixing member 4 is used to fix the fixing member 4 on the front end face of the power tool holder 2. The front end of the spindle 5 is horizontally rotatably connected to the power tool holder 2, and a tool holder box is installed thereon. Inside the housing 3, a front locking member 6, a middle locking member 7, and a rear locking member 8 are arranged sequentially from front to back along the axial direction of the spindle 5. All are used to limit the rotation of the spindle 5 in the housing 3. The rear side of the housing 3 is provided with a pressing part 9, which is used to press against the rear locking part 8. The front locking part 6, the middle locking part 7 and the rear locking part 8 limit and lock the rotation of the spindle 5. By arranging the front locking part 6, the middle locking part 7 and the rear locking part 8 in the axial direction of the spindle 5 from front to back, a segmented multi-point limiting and locking is formed for the entire length of the spindle. Compared with the traditional single-point locking, the effective locking force area is greatly increased and the upper limit of the locking load is significantly increased. It can effectively offset the large torque alternating cutting resistance in the turning condition and eliminate the problems of spindle force deviation and micro displacement. Meanwhile, relying on the rear pressure component 9 to drive the three-level locking structure to move synchronously, the locking consistency is high, which can eliminate the local gaps that exist in single-point locking, avoid the problem of excessive vibration caused by the amplification of gaps during high-speed milling, improve the overall rigidity and adaptability of the spindle from the structural root, and adapt to the complex machining scenarios of high and low speed and light and heavy load alternation.

[0022] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the fastener 4 includes a fixed plate base 41, a connecting plate base 42, and a mounting plate base 43. The fixed plate base 41 is located on the upper side of the chassis 3, and the mounting plate base 43 is horizontally arranged above the fixed plate base 41. The mounting plate base 43 is used for fixed assembly with the moving platform 11. Multiple assembly slots 31 are opened horizontally and vertically on both sides of the chassis 3, and the connecting plate base 42 is vertically inserted into the multiple assembly slots 31. Through the split structure design of the fastener 4, the fixed plate base 41, the connecting plate base 42, and the mounting plate base 43 cooperate to form a multi-level rigid installation system, abandoning the traditional integrated straight plate installation structure. The connecting plate base 42 is vertically inserted and positioned through the assembly slots 31 on both sides of the chassis 3. It is then pressed and fixed by the upper fixed plate base 41, and the top mounting plate base 43 connects to the machine tool moving table 11, forming an enclosed assembly structure. This structure provides a large assembly contact area and uniform force distribution, effectively dispersing the vibration stress and cutting load generated by the spindle machining. It prevents loosening and misalignment of the chassis 3 and the moving table 11, improving the overall machine installation rigidity and providing a stable external assembly reference for the internal three-level locking structure. Multiple assembly guide posts 421 are horizontally and vertically fixed on the top surface of the connecting plate base 42. These guide posts 421 are vertically limited and inserted into multiple assembly slots 31 in the chassis 3. Bolts 422 are vertically fixed to the top of each guide post 421, and anti-loosening slots 423 are vertically provided on the top surface of the bolts 422. Multiple connecting slots 411 are vertically provided on both sides of the fixed plate base 41, and these connecting slots 411 connect to the machine tool moving table 11. Multiple vertically positioned guide posts 421 are vertically fixed and inserted. Nuts 424 are threaded onto bolts 422, and these nuts 424 connect the mounting plate 41 and the connecting plate 42 to the chassis 3. Through the double-layered positioning and insertion of the guide posts 421 on the top of the connecting plate 42 with the mounting slots 31 and 411 of the mounting plate 41 in the chassis 3, precise coaxial alignment of all components of the fixing part 4 is achieved, preventing misalignment and uneven gaps. The threaded locking structure of the bolts 422 and nuts 424 provides vertical rigid clamping and fixing. Compared to direct bolt locking, the guide post positioning structure effectively limits lateral displacement, improving overall assembly accuracy and structural stability, preventing loosening of the installation structure due to long-term processing vibration, and ensuring assembly consistency during long-term equipment operation.

[0023] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, multiple guide bars are evenly and vertically fixed on the outer circumference of the nut 424, and vertical sliding rings 425 are vertically limited and slidably inserted on the multiple guide bars of the nut 424. A pull-down spring 427 is vertically fixed at the top of the vertical sliding ring 425, and the top of the pull-down spring 427 is fixed at the top of the nut 424. An anti-loosening pin 426 is vertically fixed above the vertical sliding ring 425, and the anti-loosening pin 426 is vertically limited and inserted into the anti-loosening slot 423 of the bolt 422. Through the cooperation structure of the outer vertical sliding ring 425 of the nut 424, the pull-down spring 427 and the anti-loosening pin 426, a mechanical active anti-loosening system is constructed. By continuously pulling the vertical slip ring 425 using the pull-down spring 427, the anti-loosening pin 426 is always locked inside the anti-loosening slot 423 at the top of the bolt 422, forming a locking limit. This can prevent the loosening and stripping of the threaded pair under continuous machine tool vibration conditions, and make up for the defects of traditional pure thread locking without an anti-loosening structure. Multiple studs 412 are evenly and vertically fixed on the top surface of the fixed plate base 41, and multiple rubber pins 413 are evenly and vertically arranged on the top surface of the fixed plate base 41. The bottom ends of the multiple rubber pins 413 are vertically provided with mounting screw grooves, and the mounting screw grooves at the bottom ends of the multiple rubber pins 413 are threadedly assembled and connected to the multiple studs 412 on the fixed plate base 41. Slide frames 414 are vertically and symmetrically fixed on both sides of the top surface of the fixed plate base 41, and multiple damping rods 415 are vertically fixed on the top surface of the fixed plate base 41. Assembly sliders 433 are fixed on both sides of the mounting plate base 43, and the assembly... The slider 433 is vertically slidably assembled in the slide frame 414. Multiple pressing pins 431 are vertically fixed to the bottom surface of the mounting plate 43, and these pins press against the top surfaces of multiple rubber pillars 413. The top ends of multiple damping rods 415 are fixed to the bottom surface of the mounting plate 43. A fixing ear plate 432 is vertically fixed to the top surface of the mounting plate 43, and is fixed to the moving table 11 by screws. Through the cooperation of the rubber pillars 413 on the top of the fixing plate 41, the damping rods 415, and the mounting plate 43, a composite shock absorption and buffer structure is formed. The pressing pins 431 vertically press against the rubber pillars 413, and in conjunction with the damping energy absorption characteristics of the damping rods 415, can gradually absorb heavy-duty impact vibrations from turning and high-frequency micro-vibrations from milling, significantly reducing vibration transmission efficiency and preventing vibration from being transmitted to the machining area of ​​the spindle 5. Meanwhile, the sliding fit structure between the sliding frame 414 and the assembly slider 433 can achieve vertical adaptive buffering, further optimize the shock absorption effect, effectively solve the problems of large vibration and excessive surface roughness of traditional equipment, and significantly improve the precision milling machining accuracy.

[0024] In one embodiment, such as Figure 8As shown, a front locking groove ring plate 51 is fixed to the front of the outer circumference of the spindle 5, and multiple locking screw grooves are opened in the middle of the outer circumference of the spindle 5. A rear locking groove ring plate 52 is fixed to the rear of the outer circumference of the spindle 5. By setting the front locking groove ring plate 51 at the front end of the spindle 5, opening the locking screw grooves in the middle, and setting the rear locking groove ring plate 52 at the rear end, a three-section exclusive locking alignment structure is formed in the spindle axis. The groove plates and screw groove structures at different positions can accurately match the clamping form of the front, middle, and rear locking parts, providing a precise limiting reference for the three-level segmented locking, ensuring that the locking structure of each segment is accurately aligned and tightly engaged, without jamming or play, ensuring the reliability of multi-point locking from the spindle body structure, and avoiding locking failure and uneven force caused by locking alignment deviation.

[0025] In one embodiment, such as Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the front locking component 6 includes a front locking ring 61 and a rod seat 63. The front locking ring 61 is horizontally sleeved on the outside of the spindle 5, and a hole plate seat 62 is fixed on both sides of the front locking ring 61. Two rod seats 63 are symmetrically arranged, and the two rod seats 63 are respectively fixed on the inner wall of the housing 3. The two rod seats 63 are slidably inserted into the hole plate seats 62 on both sides of the front locking ring 61. A pull-back spring 6 is horizontally arranged between the two rod seats 63 and the hole plate seats 62. 4. The two ends of the return spring 64 are fixed to the adjacent end faces of the rod seat 63 and the hole plate seat 62, respectively. The front locking ring 61 is circumferentially limited and locked with the front locking groove ring plate 51. The rear end face of the front locking ring 61 is horizontally fixed with a pressure post 65 through the rod seat 63 on both sides. The elastic locking structure of the front locking part 6, with the front locking ring 61 sleeved on the front end of the spindle 5, forms an elastic adaptive reset structure through the rod seats 63 on both sides, the hole plate seat 62 and the return spring 64. Under normal conditions, the return spring 64 is kept in a pre-tight state. When locking, the front locking ring 61 precisely engages with the front locking groove ring plate 51 to achieve circumferential limiting of the front end of the spindle. It cooperates with the pressure post 65 to receive the pressure from the rear end, ensuring the locking rigidity of the front end. This can effectively suppress the machining wobbling and radial runout of the front end of the spindle, improve the cutting stability of the tool, and solve the problem of poor machining accuracy of the front end cantilever of the spindle.

[0026] In one embodiment, such as Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 10As shown, the central locking component 7 includes a toothed groove ring 71, a translation ring plate 72, and a slotted bracket 74. Two toothed groove rings 71 are symmetrically arranged, and each ring is locked to the spindle 5 by a fixing screw 711 threaded into a locking screw groove on the spindle 5. Two translation ring plates 72 are symmetrically arranged between the two toothed groove rings 71, and a tension spring 73 is horizontally fixed to the adjacent end faces of the two translation ring plates 72. Toothed grooves 712 and locking teeth 721 are respectively provided at the adjacent ends of the toothed groove rings 71 and the translation ring plates 72. The toothed grooves 712 and locking teeth 721 engage to limit and lock the toothed groove rings 71 and the translation ring plates 72. Slotted brackets 74 are vertically arranged on both sides of the two translation ring plates 72, and the slotted brackets 74 are fixed to the inner wall of the housing 3. A pressure rod is horizontally slidably inserted into the middle of the slotted bracket 74. 75, and a return spring 77 is horizontally sleeved on the outside of the pressure rod 75, and the two ends of the return spring 77 are respectively fixed to the end of the slot frame 74 and the end of the pressure rod 75. Guide sliders 723 are horizontally fixed on both sides of the two translation ring plates 72, and the guide sliders 723 are horizontally slidably connected to the slot frame 74. Pressure wheels 722 are vertically rotatably connected on the adjacent side end faces of the two translation ring plates 72. An extrusion block 76 is horizontally fixed on one end of the pressure rod 75 facing the two translation ring plates 72, and the extrusion block 76 and the pressure wheel 722 press against each other to control the opening and closing of the two translation ring plates 72. Through the tooth groove engagement linkage structure of the middle locking member 7, the two sets of tooth groove rings 71 are fixed in the middle section of the main shaft 5. Through the meshing engagement of the tooth groove 712 with the locking teeth 721 of the translation ring plate 72, the circumferential rigid locking of the middle section of the main shaft is achieved. The pressing action of the two side pressure rods 75, the pressing block 76, and the pressure roller 722, combined with the elastic reset mechanism of the tension spring 73 and the return spring 77, enables precise opening and closing and gapless engagement of the mid-section locking. As the core stress-bearing area, the mid-section of the spindle significantly improves its torsional and offset resistance, effectively counteracting the torsional stress generated by heavy-duty turning, preventing deformation and micro-rotation of the mid-section of the spindle, and ensuring positioning accuracy under complex machining conditions.

[0027] In one embodiment, such as Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 11As shown, the rear locking component 8 includes a slot plate seat 81. Two slot plate seats 81 are horizontally symmetrically arranged, and the two slot plate seats 81 are locked with the rear locking groove ring plate 52 on the main shaft 5 to limit the rotation of the main shaft 5. A mating spring 83 is vertically arranged between the two slot plate seats 81, and the two ends of the mating spring 83 are respectively fixed to the adjacent end faces of the two slot plate seats 81. Rollers 82 are horizontally rotatably connected to the adjacent end faces of the two slot plate seats 81. Through the symmetrical slot plate seats 81 of the rear locking component 8 and the rear locking groove ring plate 52, a closed-loop locking of the rear end of the main shaft is achieved. The two sets of slot plate seats 81 maintain an adaptive mating tendency under the action of the mating spring 83. With the end rollers 82 receiving the driving force of the pressing component 9, the rear end can be quickly and tightly locked. As the power input end, the rear end of the spindle is subjected to concentrated loads. The symmetrical locking structure has balanced force and sufficient rigidity, which can effectively limit the rotation and movement of the rear end of the spindle, eliminate the overall locking failure caused by the clearance at the rear end, and improve the axial locking system of the spindle.

[0028] In one embodiment, such as Figure 7 and Figure 12 As shown, the pressing component 9 includes a guide frame 91 and a hole frame 93. Two guide frames 91 are horizontally symmetrically arranged, and the two guide frames 91 are fixed to the inner rear end face of the housing 3. The hole frame 93 is horizontally slidably inserted into the front part of the two guide frames 91. A pressing hydraulic cylinder 92 is horizontally fixed on the two guide frames 91, and the output end of the pressing hydraulic cylinder 92 is fixed on the hole frame 93. From back to front, a wedge frame 94, a conical column 95, and a push plate 96 are horizontally fixed on both sides of the front end face of the hole frame 93. The wedge frame 94 and the... The roller 82 in the rear locking member 8 engages with the abutting mechanism, the outer arc surface of the cone column 95 engages with the end of the abutting rod 75 in the middle locking member 7, and the push plate 96 engages with the rear end of the abutting column 65 in the front locking member 6, thus defining the three-stage synchronous abutting structure of the abutting member 9. A single hydraulic cylinder 92 drives the hole frame 93 to slide horizontally. Utilizing the structural height and shape differences of the front wedge frame 94, the cone column 95, and the push plate 96, the rear, middle, and front locking structures are synchronously locked, respectively. The single-source drive mode ensures uniform timing and locking force for the three-stage locking actions, avoiding asynchronous locking and uneven force caused by independent drives of multiple mechanisms. Simultaneously, the hydraulic drive provides controllable driving force and strong stability, ensuring a gapless locking state for the three-stage locking structure over a long period, thus meeting the needs of long-term batch composite processing production.

[0029] The working principle of this invention is as follows: The main structure of this device consists of a milling and turning machine body 1 and a power tool holder 2. The power tool holder 2 is securely mounted on the front moving table 11 of the machine tool via a fixing member 4 on the outside of the machine housing 3, achieving rigid positioning and installation of the entire device. At the same time, the vibration damping and anti-loosening structure of the fixing member 4 weakens the machining vibration and prevents loosening of the assembly. The spindle 5 is horizontally rotated and mounted inside the machine housing 3. Along the axial direction of the spindle 5, a three-level independent locking structure is arranged from front to back: a front locking member 6, a middle locking member 7, and a rear locking member 8. These form all-round limiting and locking corresponding to the front, middle, and rear positions of the spindle 5, respectively, changing the force limitation of traditional single-point locking.

[0030] The pressing component 9 on the rear side inside the chassis 3 serves as a unified driving mechanism. It can provide precise axial driving force through the pressing hydraulic cylinder 92 to push the hole frame 93 to move horizontally forward. Relying on the push plate 96, cone column 95, and wedge frame 94 arranged in stages at the front end of the hole frame 93, they respectively press the pressing column 65 of the front locking component 6, the pressing rod 75 of the middle locking component 7, and the roller 82 of the rear locking component 8, so as to realize the synchronous triggering and locking of the three-level locking structure.

[0031] When switching machining conditions, the entire mechanism is unlocked via hydraulic telescopic movement, and each locking structure automatically resets using built-in spring assemblies, releasing the spindle's fifth limit. Throughout the process, multi-point synchronous locking along the axial axis eliminates assembly gaps. Combined with an external shock-absorbing and anti-loosening mounting structure, it balances heavy-duty deformation resistance during turning with high-speed vibration damping during milling, making it suitable for complex turning-milling composite machining conditions.

[0032] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes and modifications to the above embodiments. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high rigidity turning-milling combined power cutter spindle mechanism, characterized by, The machine tool includes a milling and turning machine body (1) and a power tool holder (2). The power tool holder (2) is fixedly mounted on the front moving table (11) of the milling and turning machine body (1). A fixing member (4) is provided on the housing (3) of the power tool holder (2). The fixing member (4) is used to fix the fixing member (4) on the front end face of the power tool holder (2). A tool holder box is installed at the front end of the spindle (5) which is horizontally rotatably connected in the power tool holder (2). The interior of the housing (3) is along the spindle (5) 5) A front locking member (6), a middle locking member (7) and a rear locking member (8) are arranged sequentially from front to back along the axis. The front locking member (6), the middle locking member (7) and the rear locking member (8) are all used to limit the rotation of the spindle (5) in the housing (3). A pressing member (9) is provided on the rear side of the inside of the housing (3). The pressing member (9) is used to press against the rear locking member (8). The front locking member (6), the middle locking member (7) and the rear locking member (8) limit and lock the rotation of the spindle (5).

2. A high rigidity turning and milling combined power cutter spindle mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fastener (4) includes a fixed plate base (41), a connecting plate base (42), and a mounting plate base (43). The fixed plate base (41) is located on the upper side of the chassis (3), and the mounting plate base (43) is horizontally arranged above the fixed plate base (41). The mounting plate base (43) is used for fixed assembly with the moving platform (11). Multiple assembly slots (31) are opened horizontally and vertically on both sides of the chassis (3), and the connecting plate base (42) is vertically inserted into the multiple assembly slots (31).

3. The high-rigidity milling and turning composite power tool spindle mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top surface of the connecting plate base (42) is horizontally and vertically fixed with multiple assembly guide posts (421), and the multiple assembly guide posts (421) are vertically limited and inserted into multiple assembly slots (31) of the chassis (3). The top of the assembly guide post (421) is vertically fixed with a bolt (422), and the top surface of the bolt (422) is vertically provided with an anti-loosening slot (423). Both sides of the fixing plate base (41) are vertically provided with multiple connection slots (411), and the multiple connection slots (411) on the fixing plate base (41) are vertically limited and inserted into the multiple assembly guide posts (421). The bolt (422) is threaded with a nut (424), and the nut (424) is used to connect and assemble the fixing plate base (41) and the connecting plate base (42) on the chassis (3).

4. The high-rigidity milling and turning composite power tool spindle mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: Multiple guide bars are evenly and vertically fixed on the outer circumference of the nut (424), and vertical sliding rings (425) are vertically limited and slidably inserted on the multiple guide bars of the nut (424). A pull-down spring (427) is vertically fixed at the top of the vertical sliding ring (425), and the top of the pull-down spring (427) is fixed at the top of the nut (424). An anti-loosening pin (426) is vertically fixed above the vertical sliding ring (425), and the anti-loosening pin (426) is vertically limited and inserted into the anti-loosening slot (423) of the bolt (422).

5. The high-rigidity milling and turning composite power tool spindle mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top surface of the fixed plate base (41) is uniformly and vertically fixed with multiple studs (412), and the top surface of the fixed plate base (41) is uniformly and vertically arranged with multiple rubber columns (413). The bottom end of the multiple rubber columns (413) is vertically provided with mounting screw grooves, and the mounting screw grooves at the bottom end of the multiple rubber columns (413) are threadedly assembled and connected with the multiple studs (412) on the fixed plate base (41). Sliding frames (414) are vertically and symmetrically fixed on both sides of the top surface of the fixed plate base (41), and the top surface of the fixed plate base (41) is vertically fixed with multiple damping rods (415). Both sides of the mounting plate base (43) are fixed with assembly sliders (433), and the assembly sliders (433) are vertically slidably assembled in the slide frame (414). Multiple pressing pins (431) are vertically fixed on the bottom surface of the mounting plate base (43), and the multiple pressing pins (431) are pressed and inserted into the top surface of multiple rubber pins (413). The top ends of the multiple damping rods (415) are fixed on the bottom surface of the mounting plate base (43). A fixing ear plate (432) is vertically fixed on the top surface of the mounting plate base (43), and the fixing ear plate (432) is fixed on the moving platform (11) by screws.

6. The high-rigidity milling and turning composite power tool spindle mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front of the outer circumference of the main shaft (5) is fixed with a front locking groove ring plate (51), and multiple locking screw grooves are opened in the middle of the outer circumference of the main shaft (5). The rear of the outer circumference of the main shaft (5) is fixed with a rear locking groove ring plate (52).

7. The high-rigidity milling and turning composite power tool spindle mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The front locking component (6) includes a front locking ring (61) and a rod seat (63). The front locking ring (61) is horizontally sleeved on the outside of the main shaft (5), and a hole plate seat (62) is fixed on both sides of the front locking ring (61). Two rod seats (63) are symmetrically arranged, and the two rod seats (63) are respectively fixed on the inner wall of the housing (3). The two rod seats (63) are respectively connected to the hole plates on both sides of the front locking ring (61). The seat (62) is slidably inserted through the hole. A pull-back spring (64) is horizontally arranged between the two rod seats (63) and the hole plate seat (62). The two ends of the pull-back spring (64) are respectively fixed on the adjacent end faces of the rod seat (63) and the hole plate seat (62). The front locking ring (61) is circumferentially limited and locked with the front locking groove ring plate (51). The rear end face of the front locking ring (61) is horizontally fixed with a pressure post (65) through the rod seat (63) on both sides.

8. The high-rigidity milling and turning composite power tool spindle mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The central locking component (7) includes a toothed groove ring (71), a translation ring plate (72), and a slot frame (74). Two toothed groove rings (71) are symmetrically arranged, and the two toothed groove rings (71) are locked to the main shaft (5) by a fixing screw (711) and a locking screw groove thread on the main shaft (5). Two translation ring plates (72) are symmetrically arranged between the two toothed groove rings (71), and a tension spring (73) is horizontally fixed on the adjacent end face of the two translation ring plates (72). The adjacent ends of the toothed groove ring (71) and the translation ring plate (72) are respectively provided with a toothed groove (712) and a locking tooth (721), and the toothed groove (712) and the locking tooth (721) are used to limit and lock the toothed groove ring (71) and the translation ring plate (72). The slot frame is vertically arranged on both sides of the two translation ring plates (72). (74), and the slot frame (74) is fixed on the inner wall of the chassis (3). A pressure rod (75) is horizontally slidably inserted in the middle of the slot frame (74), and a return spring (77) is horizontally sleeved on the outside of the pressure rod (75). The two ends of the return spring (77) are respectively fixed to the ends of the slot frame (74) and the pressure rod (75). Guide sliders (723) are horizontally fixed on both sides of the two translation ring plates (72), and the guide sliders (723) are horizontally slidably connected to the slot frame (74). A pressure wheel (722) is vertically rotatably connected on the adjacent side end faces of the two translation ring plates (72). A pressing block (76) is horizontally fixed on one end of the pressure rod (75) facing the two translation ring plates (72), and the pressing block (76) and the pressure wheel (722) press against each other to control the opening and closing of the two translation ring plates (72).

9. A high-rigidity milling and turning composite power tool spindle mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rear locking component (8) includes a slot plate seat (81), two slot plate seats (81) are arranged horizontally and symmetrically, and the two slot plate seats (81) are locked and limited by the rear locking groove ring plate (52) on the main shaft (5) to limit the rotation of the main shaft (5). A mating spring (83) is vertically arranged between the two slot plate seats (81), and the two ends of the mating spring (83) are respectively fixed on the adjacent end faces of the two slot plate seats (81). Rollers (82) are horizontally rotatably connected to the adjacent end faces of the two slot plate seats (81).

10. A high-rigidity milling and turning composite power tool spindle mechanism according to any one of claims 6-9, characterized in that: The pressing component (9) includes a guide frame (91) and a hole frame (93). Two guide frames (91) are arranged horizontally symmetrically, and the two guide frames (91) are fixed on the inner rear end face of the chassis (3). The hole frame (93) is horizontally slidably inserted into the front part of the two guide frames (91). A pressing hydraulic cylinder (92) is horizontally fixed on the two guide frames (91), and the output end of the pressing hydraulic cylinder (92) is fixed on the hole frame (93). A wedge frame (94), a cone column (95) and a push plate (96) are horizontally fixed on both sides of the front end face of the hole frame (93) from back to front. The wedge frame (94) is pressed against the roller (82) in the rear locking component (8). The outer arc surface of the cone column (95) is pressed against the end of the pressing rod (75) in the middle locking component (7). The push plate (96) is pressed against the rear end of the pressing column (65) in the front locking component (6).

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