High-rigidity dynamic crossbeam horizontal five-axis linkage machining center machine tool

Abstract

This invention discloses a high-rigidity horizontal five-axis linkage machining center with a moving crossbeam, relating to the field of machine tool technology. It includes a machine body assembly and a machining assembly. The machine body assembly includes a machine body and a machining table mounted on the machine body. The machining assembly includes a position adjustment mechanism and a milling mechanism. The position adjustment mechanism is located on the machine body and connected to the milling mechanism, driving the milling mechanism to move in three-dimensional space so that the milling mechanism can mill the workpiece on the machining table. The milling mechanism includes a housing, a central rotating shaft, a drive slider, a reset sleeve, and a steel ball. When the milling cutter needs to be replaced, simply sliding the drive slider retracts the steel ball into the relief cavity to unlock it, eliminating the need to remove bolts, simplifying the tool changing operation, significantly improving the milling cutter replacement efficiency, and thus enhancing the overall machining efficiency. Simultaneously, the mating structure between the steel ball and the relief cavity ensures a stable and reliable installation of the milling cutter, preventing loosening during machining and guaranteeing machining accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machine tool technology, specifically to a high-rigidity horizontal five-axis linkage machining center with a moving crossbeam. Background Technology

[0002] Horizontal five-axis CNC machining centers are key equipment for machining complex box-shaped and impeller-shaped parts in aerospace, shipbuilding, and energy equipment industries. Their horizontally arranged spindles, combined with an automatic indexing rotary table, allow for efficient machining of multiple surfaces (excluding the mounting surface) in a single workpiece clamping operation. For example, milling can be performed on a fixed workpiece surface using a milling cutter. The moving crossbeam structure, a crucial layout feature of horizontal machining centers, expands the machining range by moving the crossbeam vertically along the column, enabling the spindle head to perform horizontal feed motion on the crossbeam. This adapts to the high-efficiency machining requirements of large spans and multiple stations.

[0003] For milling and engraving of workpieces with different machining precision, it is necessary to replace the milling cutter head with the corresponding milling cutter. Then, the existing milling cutter at the bottom of the milling cutter head is fixed to the workpiece head with bolts. When changing the milling cutter, it is necessary to frequently remove and install the screws, which is cumbersome and inefficient. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and propose a high-rigidity horizontal five-axis linkage machining center with a moving crossbeam, which solves the technical problem that the milling cutter head of the existing horizontal five-axis linkage machining center requires frequent disassembly and assembly of screws when changing the milling cutter, resulting in cumbersome operation and low work efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This invention provides a high-rigidity horizontal five-axis linkage machining center with a moving crossbeam, comprising: The machine body assembly includes a machine body and a processing table disposed on the machine body; and The machining assembly includes a position adjustment mechanism and a milling mechanism. The position adjustment mechanism is located on the machine body and connected to the milling mechanism. The position adjustment mechanism is used to drive the milling mechanism to move in three-dimensional space so that the milling mechanism can mill the workpiece on the machining table. The milling mechanism includes a housing, a central rotating shaft, a drive slider, a reset sleeve, and a steel ball. The reset sleeve has a mounting cavity for mounting the milling cutter. The steel ball is movably disposed in the reset sleeve and can extend into or retract into the mounting cavity. The central rotating shaft has a relief cavity. The housing is hollow inside. The central rotating shaft passes through the housing and is rotatably connected to the housing through a bearing. The drive slider is slidably disposed in the housing and can press against the reset sleeve when sliding, so that the reset sleeve drives the steel ball to move to the relief cavity. The steel ball can move to the relief cavity to unlock the milling cutter.

[0006] In some embodiments, a pneumatic cavity is formed between the drive slider and the housing, and the milling mechanism further includes an air inlet pipe disposed in the housing. The air inlet pipe communicates with the pneumatic cavity and can inflate the pneumatic cavity to drive the drive slider toward the reset sleeve.

[0007] In some embodiments, the milling mechanism further includes a first spring connected to the drive slider and capable of accumulating elastic force as the drive slider slides toward the reset sleeve.

[0008] In some embodiments, the reset sleeve includes a fixed base cylinder, a lifting cylinder, and a lifting block. The fixed base cylinder is fixedly connected to the central rotating shaft. The lifting cylinder is slidably connected to the outer wall of the central rotating shaft. The lifting block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the central rotating shaft. A steel ball is movably disposed on the side wall of the lifting block. The top of the lifting block is connected to the lifting cylinder. When the drive slider slides, it can press against the lifting cylinder so that the lifting cylinder drives the lifting block to rise and fall.

[0009] In some embodiments, the milling mechanism further includes a second spring, the two ends of which are connected to the fixed base cylinder and the lifting cylinder, and the lifting cylinder can press against the second spring to accumulate elastic force when it slides downward.

[0010] In some embodiments, the central rotating shaft has a tapered inner wall, which is used to conform to the tapered outer wall of the milling cutter.

[0011] In some embodiments, the central machine tool further includes a tool changing assembly disposed on the machine body, the tool changing assembly having multiple milling cutter stations, and the position adjustment mechanism being able to drive the milling mechanism to move and connect with the milling cutter at any of the milling cutter stations.

[0012] In some embodiments, the tool changing assembly includes a fixed bracket, a turntable, and a drive mechanism. The fixed bracket is fixedly mounted on the machine body, the turntable is rotatably mounted on the fixed bracket, and the drive mechanism is mounted on the fixed bracket and can drive the turntable to rotate during operation.

[0013] In some embodiments, the turntable is provided with a plurality of mounting positions for placing milling cutters evenly along its circumference, each mounting position having a mounting groove for removably engaging the milling cutter.

[0014] In some embodiments, the driving mechanism includes a motor, a rotary wheel, and an eccentric drive column connected in sequence. A driven disk is provided on the top of the rotary disk, and a plurality of drive slots are evenly opened along its periphery. When the rotary wheel drives the eccentric drive column to rotate, the eccentric drive column can press against any of the drive slots to drive the driven disk to rotate by an angle of a tool changing station.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, the high-rigidity horizontal five-axis linkage machining center provided by this invention utilizes a locking and unlocking structure consisting of a housing, a central rotating shaft, a drive slider, a reset sleeve, and a steel ball. The drive slider slides against the reset sleeve, causing the steel ball to move between the reset sleeve and the recessed cavity of the central rotating shaft, thus locking or unlocking the milling cutter. When the milling cutter needs to be replaced, simply sliding the drive slider retracts the steel ball into the recessed cavity to unlock it, eliminating the need to remove bolts. This simplifies the tool changing process, significantly improves milling cutter replacement efficiency, and thus enhances overall machining efficiency. Simultaneously, the mating structure between the steel ball and the recessed cavity ensures a stable and reliable milling cutter installation, preventing loosening during machining and guaranteeing machining accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the five-axis linkage machining center provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the milling mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the tool changing assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0018] To address the technical problem of frequent screw removal and installation required when changing milling cutters on existing horizontal five-axis linkage machining centers, which is cumbersome and inefficient, this invention provides a high-rigidity moving beam horizontal five-axis linkage machining center that eliminates the need for screw removal, simplifies tool changing procedures, and significantly improves milling cutter replacement efficiency.

[0019] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a high-rigidity moving beam horizontal five-axis linkage machining center according to an embodiment of the present invention. The high-rigidity moving beam horizontal five-axis linkage machining center includes a machine body assembly 1 and a machining assembly 2. The machine body assembly 1 includes a machine body 11 and a machining table 12 disposed on the machine body 11. The machining table 12 is used to support the workpiece to be processed and can be configured as an automatic indexing rotary table to achieve efficient processing of multiple surfaces other than the mounting surface of the workpiece in one clamping.

[0020] The machining assembly 2 includes a position adjustment mechanism 21 and a milling mechanism 22. The position adjustment mechanism 21 is located on the machine body 11 and connected to the milling mechanism 22. The position adjustment mechanism 21 drives the milling mechanism 22 to move in three-dimensional space, enabling the milling mechanism 22 to perform milling operations on the workpiece on the machining table 12. The position adjustment mechanism 21 includes conventional horizontal and vertical slide bars and a lead screw, driving the milling mechanism 22 to reciprocate along the X and Z axes via the lead screw thread. The position adjustment mechanism 21 also includes a Y-axis adjustment module 211 located on the top of the machine body 11. The machining table 12 is fixedly connected to the slider of the Y-axis adjustment module 211. Through the transmission of the lead screw, the Y-axis adjustment module 211 can adjust the position of the machining table 12 in the Y-axis direction to cooperate with the milling mechanism 22.

[0021] Please see Figure 2The milling mechanism 22 includes a housing 221, a central rotating shaft 222, a drive slider 223, a reset sleeve 224, and a steel ball 225. The reset sleeve 224 has a mounting cavity 226 for mounting the milling cutter. The steel ball 225 is movably disposed within the reset sleeve 224 and can extend into or retract into the mounting cavity 226. Specifically, the side wall of the reset sleeve 224 has a sandwich layer, and the steel ball 225 is located within this sandwich layer, extending out of the mounting cavity 226 to engage and fix the milling cutter in the mounting cavity. The central rotating shaft 222 has a retraction cavity 227, which provides space for the steel ball 225 to retract, allowing it to completely exit the mounting cavity 226 and release the locking of the milling cutter 4. The housing 221 is hollow, and the central rotating shaft 222 passes through the housing 221 and is rotatably connected to it via bearings, allowing the central rotating shaft 222 to rotate stably within the housing 221. After being connected to the motor 23, the end of the central rotating shaft 222 can rotate at high speed under the drive of the motor, thereby driving the milling cutter 4 at the other end of the central rotating shaft 222 to rotate at high speed for milling the workpiece. The drive slider 223 is slidably disposed on the housing 221 and can press against the reset sleeve 224 when sliding, so that the reset sleeve 224 drives the steel ball 225 to move to the relief cavity 227, and the steel ball 225 can move to the relief cavity 227 to unlock the milling cutter 4. In this embodiment, the housing 221 can be made of high-strength cast iron or alloy steel. The outer surface of the drive slider 223 is roughly cylindrical, and the drive slider 223 is slidably sleeved inside the housing 221. The central rotating shaft 222 is a hollow shaft structure. The upper end of the central rotating shaft 222 is rotatably connected to the housing 221 through an angular contact ball bearing or a tapered roller bearing. The reset sleeve 224 is slidably connected to the part of the central rotating shaft 222 located inside the housing 221. The steel balls 225 have a diameter of 4-8 mm. Three to six steel balls 225 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the reset sleeve 224. The steel balls 225 have a clearance fit with the wall of the mounting cavity 226, allowing them to roll or slide freely. In the locked state, part of the steel balls 225 extend into the mounting cavity 226 and engages with the annular groove on the shank of the end mill 4, which is inserted into the mounting cavity 226, securely locking the end mill 4. In the unlocked state, the portion of the reset sleeve 224 where the steel balls 225 are installed is located in the relief cavity 227. At this time, the end mill 4 is no longer restricted by the steel balls 225. During the removal of the end mill 4, the shank of the end mill 4 presses against the steel balls 225 and retracts into the relief cavity 227, releasing the locking mechanism on the end mill 4. The end mill 4 can then be smoothly pulled out of the mounting cavity 226.

[0022] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 2A pressure chamber 228 is formed between the drive slider 223 and the housing 221. Specifically, an annular groove is provided on the top of the drive slider 223, so that a pressure chamber 228 is formed between the top of the drive slider 223 and the inner wall of the housing 221. The milling mechanism 22 also includes an air inlet pipe 229 provided in the housing 221. The air inlet pipe 229 connects to the pressure chamber 228 and can inflate the pressure chamber 228 to drive the drive slider 223 to slide toward the reset sleeve 224. In this embodiment, the drive slider 223 is an annular piston structure. A sealing ring is provided between the outer peripheral wall of the drive slider 223 and the inner wall of the housing 221. The sealing ring can be an O-ring or a polytetrafluoroethylene sealing ring to form a sealed pressure chamber 228. The air inlet pipe 229 is a rigid metal pipe or a high-pressure flexible hose. One end of the air inlet pipe 229 is connected to the air pressure chamber 228, and the other end is connected to an external air source (such as an air compressor or air tank). The air source pressure is 0.4-0.8 MPa or a suitable air pressure. When compressed gas is introduced into the air inlet pipe 229, the air pressure in the air pressure chamber 228 increases, pushing the drive slider 223 to slide towards the reset sleeve 224, thereby pressing against the reset sleeve 224 to unlock. When the air pressure chamber 228 is depressurized, the drive slider 223 can be reset under the action of the elastic element, and the reset sleeve 224 drives the steel ball 225 to re-enter the mounting cavity 226 to lock. This pneumatic drive method has a rapid response and precise control, and is easy to link with the machine tool CNC system to achieve automated tool changing.

[0023] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 The milling mechanism 22 also includes a first spring 220, which is connected to the drive slider 223 and can accumulate elastic force when the drive slider 223 slides toward the reset sleeve 224. In this embodiment, the first spring 220 is a cylindrical helical compression spring, which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the central rotating shaft 222. One end of the first spring 220 abuts against the stepped surface inside the housing 221, and the other end abuts against the end face of the drive slider 223. The stiffness of the first spring 220 is determined according to the mass of the drive slider 223 and the required reset force. Generally, a compression spring with a spring wire diameter of 3-6 mm, a mean diameter of 20-40 mm, and an effective number of coils of 8-15 is selected. When the air chamber 228 is filled with air and pushes the drive slider 223 to slide, the first spring 220 is compressed and accumulates elastic force; when the air chamber 228 is depressurized, the first spring 220 releases the elastic force, pushes the drive slider 223 to slide in the opposite direction to reset, so that the reset sleeve 224 rises under the action of elastic force, and the steel ball 225 re-enters the mounting cavity 226, restoring the locking state of the milling cutter 4.

[0024] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 2The reset sleeve 224 includes a fixed base sleeve 2241, a lifting sleeve 2242, and a lifting block 2243. The fixed base sleeve 2241 is fixedly and circumferentially connected to the central rotating shaft 222, providing a fixed support foundation for the entire reset sleeve 224. The fixed base sleeve 2241 and the central rotating shaft 222 can be fixed by an interference fit or a key connection. The lifting sleeve 2242 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the central rotating shaft 222 and can slide up and down along the axial direction of the central rotating shaft 222. The lifting sleeve 2242 and the outer wall of the central rotating shaft 222 are fitted with a clearance fit, with a clearance of 0.03-0.08 mm. The lifting block 2243 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the central rotating shaft 222. Steel balls 225 are movably arranged on the side wall of the lifting block 2243. The top of the lifting block 2243 is connected to the lifting sleeve 2242, and the connection method can be a threaded connection or welding. When the drive slider 223 slides, it presses against the lifting cylinder 2242, causing the lifting cylinder 2242 to drive the lifting block 2243 to rise and fall. When the lifting cylinder 2242 is pressed down by the drive slider 223, the lifting block 2243 falls synchronously, and the steel ball 225 retracts from the mounting cavity 226 into the retraction cavity 227 under the action of the lifting block 2243. Since the diameter of the retraction cavity is larger than the diameter of the mounting cavity 226, the steel ball 225 can exit the mounting cavity radially along the lifting block 2243 when it is located in the retraction cavity 227. When the drive slider 223 resets, the lifting cylinder 2242 and the lifting block 2243 rise under the action of elastic force, and the steel ball 225 re-enters the mounting cavity 226.

[0025] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 The milling mechanism 22 also includes a second spring 230. The two ends of the second spring 230 are connected to the fixed base cylinder 2241 and the lifting cylinder 2242. When the lifting cylinder 2242 slides downwards, it can press against the second spring 230 to accumulate elastic force. In this embodiment, the second spring 230 is a cylindrical helical compression spring. The second spring 230 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the central rotating shaft 222 and located between the fixed base cylinder 2241 and the lifting cylinder 2242. One end of the second spring 230 abuts against the top surface of the fixed base cylinder 2241, and the other end abuts against the bottom of the lifting cylinder 2242. The stiffness of the second spring 230 is less than that of the first spring to ensure that when the air pressure chamber 228 is depressurized, the restoring force of the first spring 220 can overcome the resistance of the second spring 230, allowing the drive slider 223 to return to its original position smoothly. The second spring 230 provides a reset force for the lifting cylinder 2242 and the lifting block 2243. When the drive slider 223 releases its pressure on the lifting cylinder 2242, the second spring 230 releases its elastic force, pushing the lifting cylinder 2242 and the lifting block 2243 to rise and reset, so that the steel ball 225 re-enters the mounting cavity 226 to lock the milling cutter 4.

[0026] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 2The central rotating shaft 222 has a tapered inner wall 2221, which is used to fit the tapered outer wall of the end mill 4. In this embodiment, the taper of the tapered inner wall 2221 matches the taper of a standard BT or HSK tool holder, and the surface roughness Ra of the tapered inner wall is no greater than 0.8 μm to ensure a tight fit with the tapered outer wall of the end mill 4. The tapered fit structure enables precise positioning and tight fit between the end mill 4 and the central rotating shaft 222, ensuring the coaxiality and stability of the end mill 4 installation. At the same time, the friction generated by the tapered surface contact also helps to transmit torque, further improving machining accuracy.

[0027] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 The central machine tool also includes a tool changing assembly 3 mounted on the machine body 11. The tool changing assembly 3 has multiple mounting positions, each of which can be used to place a milling cutter. A position adjustment mechanism 21 can drive the milling mechanism 22 to move and connect with the milling cutter at any mounting position. In this embodiment, the tool changing assembly 3 is arranged beside the machining table 12. The multiple milling cutter positions of the tool changing assembly 3 can each hold milling cutters of different specifications or types, such as ball end mills, flat end mills, and fillet end mills, to meet diverse machining needs. The position adjustment mechanism 21 drives the milling mechanism 22 to move in three-dimensional space, enabling the milling mechanism 22 to accurately align with the tool changing position 35 on the tool changing assembly 3, achieving automatic tool changing and improving automation and machining efficiency.

[0028] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 The tool changing assembly 3 includes a fixed bracket 31, a turntable 32, and a drive mechanism 33. The fixed bracket 31 is fixedly mounted on the machine body 11, providing stable support for the tool changing assembly 3. The fixed bracket 31 can be made of welded steel structure or cast aluminum parts and is fixedly connected to the machine body 11 by anchor bolts. The turntable 32 is rotatably mounted on the fixed bracket 31, and the drive mechanism 33 is mounted on the fixed bracket 31 and can drive the turntable 32 to rotate during operation, thereby sequentially sending the milling cutters from different positions to the tool changing position 35.

[0029] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 3The turntable 32 has multiple mounting positions 321 evenly arranged along its circumference for placing milling cutters. Each mounting position has a mounting groove 322 for detachably engaging the milling cutter 4. The milling cutter 4 has a notch 41 along its circumference, which engages with the step on the inner wall of the mounting groove 322, allowing the milling cutter 4 to be stably placed in the mounting position 321. In this embodiment, the turntable 32 has a disc-shaped structure, and the diameter of the turntable 32 is determined according to the number and size of the milling cutters. Six to twelve mounting positions 321 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the turntable 32, with equal included angles between adjacent mounting positions 321. This ensures that each rotation of the turntable 32 allows for accurate switching between different mounting positions 321 to reach the tool changing position, facilitating tool changing by the milling mechanism 32. Magnetic suction plates can also be installed inside the mounting grooves 322 to attract the milling cutters and prevent them from loosening or falling off during the rotation of the turntable 32.

[0030] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 The drive mechanism 33 includes a motor 331, a rotary wheel 332, and an eccentric drive column 333 connected in sequence. A driven disk 34 is provided on the top of the rotary disk 32, and multiple drive slots 341 are evenly distributed along its circumference. When the rotary wheel 332 drives the eccentric drive column 333 to rotate, the eccentric drive column 333 can press against any drive slot 341 to drive the driven disk 34 to rotate by an angle of one tool change position. In this embodiment, the motor 331 is a stepper motor or a servo motor with a power of 50-200W, and the motor 331 is fixed to the side of the fixed bracket 31. The rotary wheel 332 is disc-shaped, and its center is connected to the output shaft of the motor 331. The eccentric drive column 333 is a cylindrical pin, and it is eccentrically fixed to the end face of the rotary wheel 332. The eccentricity is determined according to the size of the drive slot 341 of the driven disk 34 and the required rotation angle. The driven disk 34 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the turntable 32. The number of drive slots 341 on the driven disk 34 is the same as the number of mounting positions on the turntable 32. It can be understood that one drive slot 341 corresponds to one mounting position, and the drive slot 341 and the corresponding mounting position are located in the same radial direction of the turntable 32. The drive slot 341 is an arc-shaped slot opened radially. When the motor 331 drives the turntable 332 to rotate one revolution, the eccentric drive column 333 abuts and meshes with one drive slot 341, driving the driven disk 34 to rotate intermittently by one station angle (e.g., 360° / n, where n is the number of mounting positions). This intermittent drive mechanism has a simple structure, reliable transmission, and can accurately control the angle of each rotation of the turntable 32, ensuring accurate switching of the milling cutter station.

[0031] It is important to emphasize that at least one mounting position on the turntable 32 must be kept empty in order to receive the replaced milling cutter.

[0032] To better understand this invention, the following is combined with... Figures 1 to 3 The tool changing process of this invention will be described in detail below: Locked State: During normal processing, the first spring 220 and the second spring 230 are in a naturally extended or slightly compressed state. The lifting cylinder 2242 and the lifting block 2243 are in the upper position. The steel ball 225 extends into the mounting cavity 226 and engages with the annular groove of the milling cutter shank inserted into the mounting cavity 226, firmly locking the milling cutter in the central rotating shaft 222. At this time, there is no air pressure or the air pressure in the pneumatic chamber 228 is in a low-pressure state, driving the slider 223 away from the reset sleeve 224. The milling cutter maintains high-precision coaxial rotation under the action of the conical inner wall, performing engraving and milling cutting on the workpiece on the processing table 12.

[0033] Unlocking and Tool Changing: When it is necessary to change the milling cutter, first rotate the empty mounting position on the turntable 32 to the tool changing position. Then, the position adjustment mechanism 21 drives the milling mechanism 22 to move above the empty mounting position. The position adjustment mechanism 21 drives the milling cutter part on the milling mechanism 22 to insert into the mounting slot of the mounting position. The machine tool CNC system issues a tool changing command, and the air inlet pipe 229 fills the air pressure chamber 228 with compressed gas (0.4-0.8MPa). The air pressure pushes the drive slider 223 to slide towards the reset sleeve 224, and the first spring 220 is compressed to accumulate elastic force. The drive slider 223 presses against the lifting cylinder 2242, causing the lifting cylinder 2242 and the lifting block 2243 to descend synchronously, and the second spring 230 is compressed to accumulate force. During the descent of the lifting block 2243, the steel ball 225 is driven by the lifting block 2243 to retract from the mounting cavity 226 into the relief cavity 227 of the central rotating shaft 222, releasing the locking of the milling cutter. The milling cutter then falls automatically under its own weight and completely enters the empty mounting slot in the installation position.

[0034] Tool selection indexing: The motor 331 of the drive mechanism 33 drives the rotary wheel 332 to rotate. The eccentric drive column 333 abuts and engages with the drive groove 341 of the driven disk 34, driving the driven disk 34 to rotate the rotary disk 32 by one or more station angles, and rotating the target milling cutter to the tool changing position.

[0035] Tool locking: The position adjustment mechanism 21 moves the milling mechanism 22 to directly above the tool changing position of the tool changing assembly 3. The milling mechanism 22 descends (currently in the unlocked state), allowing the new milling cutter to be inserted into the mounting cavity 226. The tapered outer wall of the new milling cutter is positioned against the tapered inner wall of the central rotating shaft 222. Subsequently, the air pressure chamber 228 is depressurized through the solenoid valve, and the first spring releases its elastic force to push the drive slider 223 to slide back and reset, releasing the pressure on the lifting cylinder 2242. The second spring releases its elastic force, pushing the lifting cylinder 2242 and the lifting block 2243 to rise and reset. The steel ball 225 re-enters the mounting cavity 226 and engages with the annular groove on the shank of the new milling cutter, completing the automatic locking of the new milling cutter. The position adjustment mechanism 21 drives the milling mechanism 22 back to the machining position to continue milling the workpiece.

[0036] The specific embodiments of the present invention described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made in accordance with the technical concept of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-rigidity horizontal five-axis linkage machining center with a moving crossbeam, characterized in that, include: The machine body assembly includes a machine body and a processing table disposed on the machine body; and The machining assembly includes a position adjustment mechanism and a milling mechanism. The position adjustment mechanism is located on the machine body and connected to the milling mechanism. The position adjustment mechanism is used to drive the milling mechanism to move in three-dimensional space so that the milling mechanism can mill the workpiece on the machining table. The milling mechanism includes a housing, a central rotating shaft, a drive slider, a reset sleeve, and a steel ball. The reset sleeve has a mounting cavity for mounting the milling cutter. The steel ball is movably disposed in the reset sleeve and can extend into or retract into the mounting cavity. The central rotating shaft has a relief cavity. The housing is hollow inside. The central rotating shaft passes through the housing and is rotatably connected to the housing through a bearing. The drive slider is slidably disposed in the housing and can press against the reset sleeve when sliding, so that the reset sleeve drives the steel ball to move to the relief cavity. The steel ball can move to the relief cavity to unlock the milling cutter.

2. The high-rigidity moving beam horizontal five-axis linkage machining center machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pneumatic cavity is formed between the drive slider and the housing. The milling mechanism also includes an air inlet pipe disposed in the housing. The air inlet pipe is connected to the pneumatic cavity and can inflate the pneumatic cavity to drive the drive slider to slide toward the reset sleeve.

3. The high-rigidity moving beam horizontal five-axis linkage machining center machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, The milling mechanism further includes a first spring, which is connected to the drive slider and is capable of accumulating elastic force when the drive slider slides toward the reset sleeve.

4. The high-rigidity moving beam horizontal five-axis linkage machining center machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reset sleeve includes a fixed base cylinder, a lifting cylinder, and a lifting block. The fixed base cylinder is fixedly connected to the central rotating shaft. The lifting cylinder is slidably connected to the outer wall of the central rotating shaft. The lifting block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the central rotating shaft. A steel ball is movably arranged on the side wall of the lifting block. The top of the lifting block is connected to the lifting cylinder. When the drive slider slides, it can press against the lifting cylinder so that the lifting cylinder drives the lifting block to rise and fall.

5. The high-rigidity moving beam horizontal five-axis linkage machining center machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, The milling mechanism also includes a second spring, the two ends of which are connected to the fixed base cylinder and the lifting cylinder. When the lifting cylinder slides downward, it can press against the second spring to accumulate elastic force.

6. The high-rigidity moving beam horizontal five-axis linkage machining center machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central rotating shaft has a tapered inner wall, which is used to fit the tapered outer wall of the milling cutter.

7. The high-rigidity moving beam horizontal five-axis linkage machining center machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central machine tool also includes a tool changing assembly mounted on the machine body. The tool changing assembly has multiple milling cutter stations. The position adjustment mechanism can drive the milling mechanism to move and connect with the milling cutter at any of the milling cutter stations.

8. The high-rigidity moving beam horizontal five-axis linkage machining center machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that, The tool changing assembly includes a fixed bracket, a turntable, and a drive mechanism. The fixed bracket is fixedly mounted on the machine body, the turntable is rotatably mounted on the fixed bracket, and the drive mechanism is mounted on the fixed bracket and can drive the turntable to rotate during operation.

9. The high-rigidity moving beam horizontal five-axis linkage machining center machine tool according to claim 8, characterized in that, The turntable has multiple mounting positions for placing milling cutters evenly arranged along its circumference. Each mounting position has a mounting groove for detachably engaging the milling cutter.

10. The high-rigidity moving beam horizontal five-axis linkage machining center machine tool according to claim 8, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes a motor, a rotary wheel, and an eccentric drive column connected in sequence. A driven plate is provided on the top of the rotary table. The driven plate has multiple drive slots evenly distributed along its circumference. When the rotary wheel drives the eccentric drive column to rotate, the eccentric drive column can press against any of the drive slots to drive the driven plate to rotate by an angle of a tool changing station.

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