Automatic rubber mixing mill with turnover

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of open mill technology and discloses an automatic material-turning rubber open mill, including a frame and upper and lower pressure rollers rotatably mounted on the frame. At both ends of the frame are pressure drive modules that drive the upper and lower pressure rollers to rotate in opposite directions. A material channel is provided between the upper and lower pressure rollers, with one end being the feed end and the other end being the discharge end. A spiral material-turning structure is provided below the discharge end, and a conveying mechanism is also provided at the bottom of the spiral material-turning structure. This invention avoids material spillage or adhesion to the roller surface, preventing waste. Furthermore, the material-turning and feeding modes of the spiral material-turning structure can be flexibly switched according to the material mixing conditions to meet the needs of different mixing stages. Throughout the material handling process, no manual removal of material from the bottom inside the open mill is required, completely avoiding safety hazards such as entanglement and burns that operators may face when approaching rotating parts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of open mill technology, specifically to an automatic rubber open mill with material turning mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] An open mixing mill, also known as a rubber mixing mill, is a fundamental piece of equipment in the rubber and plastics industry used for raw material mixing, plasticizing, and sheeting. Its core components are two parallel, heatable or coolable, and relatively rotating rollers. By adjusting the roller speed, speed ratio, gap, and temperature, strong extrusion and shearing forces are applied to the material, achieving plasticization and uniform mixing. This equipment mainly consists of rollers, a frame, a transmission device, a gap adjustment device, a temperature control system, and a safety braking device. Due to its relatively simple structure and flexible operation, it is particularly suitable for small- to medium-batch production, the development of special formulations, and laboratory settings.

[0003] However, existing open mills, such as the automatic material-turning two-roller mechanism proposed in Chinese patent CN202222585050.3, which includes a turning mechanism composed of clamping plates, a drive cylinder, and a gear mechanism, can automatically clamp and twist sheet materials to replace manual operation. However, since the materials processed by open mills are mostly highly viscous colloids, the belt conveyor designed in this application has insufficient capacity to gather and transport colloid materials. It is difficult to effectively and smoothly gather the sheet materials output from the pressure rollers and guide them to the clamping position of the turning mechanism. This results in a large amount of colloid material accumulating and clogging on the surface of the belt conveyor and in the mating area between the drum and the clamping plate, requiring frequent shutdowns for cleaning and maintenance, which seriously affects production efficiency. At the same time, the twisting of the strip material into a columnar shape greatly increases the length of the material, which in turn seriously affects the efficiency of subsequent processing. Furthermore, in some daily operation scenarios, materials need to be taken from the bottom inside the open mill, requiring operators to be close to the rotating parts, posing a safety hazard of being caught in or burned. In precision formulation production (such as the processing of specialty rubbers and bio-based materials), if a fully automatic internal mixer is used, the mixer, which relies on a preset program, cannot respond in real time to the dynamic changes in the mixing state of the materials. It is difficult for humans to check and adjust the mixing uniformity, which affects the product precision. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an automatic material-turning rubber open mill, which has the advantages of smooth gathering and conveying of viscous colloids, safe material handling, and real-time adjustment to ensure formula accuracy. It solves the problems of existing open mills where belt conveyors are insufficient for gathering and conveying viscous colloids, leading to accumulation and blockage, and the difficulty of real-time adjustment of formula accuracy in fully automatic equipment.

[0005] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the goals of smooth aggregation and conveying of the aforementioned viscous colloid, safe material handling, and real-time material adjustment to ensure formulation accuracy, this invention provides the following technical solution: an automatic material-turning rubber open mill, comprising a frame and upper and lower pressure rollers rotatably mounted on the frame. At both ends of the frame are pressure drive modules that drive the upper and lower pressure rollers to rotate in opposite directions. A material channel is provided between the upper and lower pressure rollers, with one end of the material channel being the feed end and the other end being the discharge end. Below the discharge end is a spiral material-turning structure that spirally compresses sheet-like material into cylindrical material along the axial direction. A conveying mechanism is also provided at the bottom of the spiral material-turning structure, which conveys the material compressed by the spiral material-turning structure to the feed end side of the material channel.

[0006] Preferably, the conveying mechanism includes two or more sets of conveying rollers, both ends of which are rotatably connected to the frame, and a conveying drive module for driving the two or more sets of conveying rollers is fixedly installed on the frame.

[0007] Preferably, the spiral turning structure includes an elastic membrane, a support shaft, and two sets of frustum-shaped torsion shafts. The two sets of torsion shafts are coaxially and slidably mounted on the support shaft. The torsion shafts can slide axially and rotate circumferentially relative to the support shaft. The small-diameter ends of the two sets of torsion shafts are arranged opposite each other and have a gap along the axial direction of the support shaft. The large-diameter end of each set of torsion shafts is coaxially fixed with a limiting platform. The two ends of the elastic membrane are respectively sealed with the limiting platforms on the two sets of torsion shafts, so that the elastic membrane and the two sets of torsion shafts enclose a sealed cylindrical air cavity. An air pipe is opened inside the support shaft and extends axially through it. Several air holes are opened on the support shaft corresponding to the gap area between the two sets of torsion shafts. The air holes connect the air pipe to the air cavity.

[0008] Preferably, the spiral turning structure has a turning mode and a feeding mode. In the turning mode, the air chamber is inflated to cause the elastic membrane to expand radially. The two sets of torsion shafts rotate synchronously and drive the elastic membrane to rotate synchronously. After the material falls onto the surface of the elastic membrane, it rotates with the elastic membrane and gradually rolls up onto the elastic membrane. After the material is completely rolled up, the air chamber is deflated to cause the elastic membrane to contract. The contracted elastic membrane adheres to the two sets of torsion shafts and the support shaft in the gap area, forming a symmetrical funnel shape with a small central diameter and large diameters at both ends. The material gathers towards the middle gap position as the shape of the elastic membrane changes. At the same time, the two sets of torsion shafts move closer to each other along the axial direction of the support shaft and rotate in opposite directions, causing the elastic membrane to rotate and contract axially synchronously. The material rolled up on the elastic membrane spirals and is compressed axially by the two sets of limiting platforms. In the feeding mode, the air chamber remains uninflated, and the material falls directly onto the conveying mechanism and is conveyed by the conveying mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, the lower ends of the upper pressure roller and the lower pressure roller are provided with two sets of scrapers to scrape the material off the upper pressure roller and the lower pressure roller. Guide plates are fixedly installed below the two sets of scrapers, and the two sets of guide plates form a discharge channel. The spiral turning structure is arranged below the discharge channel. The two ends of the guide plates are fixedly connected to the frame.

[0010] Preferably, a cutting track is provided below the spiral turning structure, and sliding grooves are correspondingly opened at both ends of the frame. A sliding drive structure is configured on the sliding groove. The two ends of the cutting track are slidably engaged with the sliding groove and fixedly connected to the drive end of the sliding drive structure. The cutting track is a linear guide rail, and a cutting blade is slidably mounted on the cutting track. After the sliding drive structure drives the cutting track to approach the material below the elastic membrane, the cutting track drives the cutting blade to cut the material axially.

[0011] Preferably, the air holes are arranged in two or more sets at equal intervals along the axial and radial directions of the support shaft.

[0012] Preferably, the elastic membrane is cylindrical and its two ends are respectively sealed and fixedly connected to the limiting platform of the two sets of torsion shafts.

[0013] Preferably, a drive shaft is fixedly machined on the limiting platform, and a support shaft is coaxially disposed inside the drive shaft. The support shaft and the drive shaft are axially sliding and circumferentially rotatably connected. The drive shaft is rotatably connected to the frame. A material turning drive module for driving the drive shaft to rotate circumferentially and move axially is fixedly installed on the frame. An air pump is also fixedly installed on the frame, and the air pump is sealed and assembled with both ends of the air pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the surface of the elastic membrane is processed with an anti-slip texture.

[0015] (III) Beneficial Effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an automatic material-turning rubber open mill, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This automatic material-turning rubber open mill, through the combined use of an upper pressure roller structure, a lower pressure roller structure, and a spiral material-turning structure, ensures that the material is stably scraped off and guided to the spiral material-turning structure, preventing material from scattering or adhering to the roller surface and causing waste. At the same time, the material-turning mode and feeding mode of the spiral material-turning structure can be flexibly switched according to the material mixing conditions to meet the needs of different mixing stages. In the entire material handling process, after being processed by the spiral material-turning structure, the material is directly returned to the feed end of the material channel by the conveying mechanism. There is no need for manual removal of materials from the bottom inside the open mill, completely avoiding the safety hazards such as entanglement and burns that operators may face when approaching rotating parts. Moreover, the mixing state of the material can be observed and adjusted in real time, effectively ensuring the mixing uniformity and product accuracy of the material in precision formula production, and solving the problem that existing fully automatic equipment cannot respond to changes in the mixing state of the material in real time.

[0016] 2. This automatic material-turning rubber open mill, through the combined use of an elastic membrane structure and a torsion shaft structure, achieves rapid material aggregation towards the central gap compared to traditional technical structures. This transforms dispersed materials into a concentrated state, greatly improving the contact effect within and between materials. Combined with the squeezing action generated by the axial approach of the two sets of torsion shafts and the torsion action brought about by the reverse rotation, a dual force of axial compression and circumferential shear is applied to the concentrated material. This effectively breaks the original internal structure of the material, tears apart internal agglomerates, and allows unmixed material components to fully contact and fuse, achieving efficient and uniform mixing. Furthermore, this mixing process, from material aggregation and axial compression to spiral torsion, is carried out continuously without the need for additional intermediate processing steps, significantly reducing the waiting time for material mixing and avoiding the inefficiency of traditional dispersed mixing modes.

[0017] 3. This automatic material-turning rubber open mixing mill utilizes the combined use of an elastic membrane structure and a torsion shaft structure. It leverages the natural gap created by the difference in inner diameter between the elastic membrane and the formed material, along with the material's own weight causing it to sag. This allows for precise locking of the cutting position without the need for an additional positioning mechanism, simplifying the cutting and positioning process. Simultaneously, the sagling material generates continuous tension under gravity, keeping the sagling portion taut and completely detached from the elastic membrane. Without additional support or resistance, the cutting blade works synergistically with this tension, concentrating the cutting force along the direction of force on the material, making it easier to cut and reducing cutting difficulty. After cutting, the material detaches directly from the elastic membrane due to the rotational force of the torsion shaft, eliminating the need for additional unloading power. Combined with the synchronous drive of the conveying mechanism, this forms a continuous material handling process, significantly shortening the overall time from mixing completion to the return feed end. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the automatic material-turning rubber open mill in this invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of the automatic material-turning rubber open mill in this invention; Figure 3 This is a side view of the automatic material-turning rubber open mill in this invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the automatic material-turning rubber open mill in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the material channel structure of the automatic material-turning rubber open mill in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the movement direction of the torsion shaft structure of the automatic material-turning rubber open mill in this invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the elastic membrane of the automatic material turning rubber open mill after twisting and shrinking in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the air chamber structure of the automatic material-turning rubber open mill in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air chamber of the automatic material-turning rubber open mill after expansion in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the air pores and air pipe structure of the automatic material turning rubber open mill in this invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 11. Pressing drive module; 12. Conveying drive module; 13. Sliding drive structure; 14. Turning drive module; 15. Air pump; 2. Upper pressure roller; 3. Lower pressure roller; 4. Material channel; 5. Spiral turning structure; 51. Support shaft; 52. Torsion shaft; 53. Elastic membrane; 54. Limiting platform; 55. Air chamber; 56. Air pipe; 57. Air hole; 58. Drive shaft; 6. Conveying roller; 7. Scraper; 71. Guide plate; 8. Cutting track; 81. Sliding groove; 82. Cutting blade. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Please see Figures 1-10An automatic material-turning rubber open mill includes a frame 1 and an upper pressure roller 2 and a lower pressure roller 3 rotatably mounted on the frame 1. At both ends of the frame 1 are pressure drive modules 11 that drive the upper pressure roller 2 and the lower pressure roller 3 to rotate in opposite directions. The pressure drive modules 11 at both ends of the frame 1 adopt an independent assembly design, allowing for flexible adjustment of the rotation speed and direction of the two rollers to meet the differentiated requirements of extrusion shear force for materials with different viscosities and hardnesses. The pressure drive module 11 uses a combination structure of a servo motor and a planetary reducer. The servo motor and the planetary reducer are rigidly connected by a flange. The output shaft of the reducer is coaxially fixed to the end of the corresponding roller shaft via a flexible coupling. The entire drive module is fastened to cast iron mounting seats pre-set at both ends of the frame 1 by T-bolts. The bottom of the mounting seats is equipped with shock-absorbing pads to reduce vibration transmission during operation. A material channel 4 is provided between the upper pressure roller 2 and the lower pressure roller 3. One end of the material channel 4 is the feeding end, and the other end is the discharging end. The upper pressure roller 2 and the lower pressure roller 3 are assembled in parallel, and the gap between them forms the material channel 4. The parallelism between the upper pressure roller 2 and the lower pressure roller 3 is ensured by the positioning reference surface on the frame 1 and the adjusting mechanism. The adjusting mechanism is connected to the bearing seat of the roller shaft and can flexibly adjust the channel width according to processing requirements. Below the discharging end, there is a spiral turning structure 5 that spirally compresses sheet material into cylindrical material along the axial direction. A conveying mechanism is also provided at the bottom of the spiral turning structure 5, which transports the material compressed by the spiral turning structure 5 to the feeding end side of the material channel 4.

[0022] Please see Figures 1-10The spiral turning structure 5 includes an elastic membrane 53, a support shaft 51, and two sets of frustum-shaped torsion shafts 52. The two sets of torsion shafts 52 are coaxially and slidably mounted on the support shaft 51. The torsion shafts 52 can slide axially and rotate circumferentially relative to the support shaft 51. The small-diameter ends of the two sets of torsion shafts 52 are arranged opposite each other and have a gap along the axial direction of the support shaft 51. The two sets of torsion shafts 52 have a composite assembly structure of sliding bearings and rotating bearings inside. The inner ring of the bearing is tightly fitted to the outer surface of the support shaft 51, and the outer ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the torsion shaft 52, realizing the dual functions of axial sliding and circumferential rotation of the torsion shafts 52 relative to the support shaft 51. The small-diameter ends of the two sets of torsion shafts 52 remain opposite each other, and the gap between them is evenly distributed along the axial direction of the support shaft 51, with the gap area precisely corresponding to the center position of the elastic membrane 53 after subsequent contraction. Each set of torsion shafts 52 has a limiting platform 54 coaxially fixed at its large-diameter end. The two ends of the elastic membrane 53 are respectively sealed to the limiting platforms 54 on the two sets of torsion shafts 52, forming a closed cylindrical air cavity 55 with the elastic membrane 53 and the two sets of torsion shafts 52. The large-diameter end of each set of torsion shafts 52 is integrally formed with an annular limiting platform 54. The end face of the limiting platform 54 is provided with an annular sealing groove, and an elastic sealing ring is embedded in the sealing groove. The two ends of the elastic membrane 53 are sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the limiting platform 54 and pressed and fixed along the sealing groove by annular clamps. The clamps and the limiting platform 54 are fastened with bolts, so that the elastic membrane 53 and the limiting platforms 54 of the two sets of torsion shafts 52 form a closed cylindrical air cavity 55. The inner wall of the air cavity 55 is enclosed by the outer surface of the torsion shaft 52 and the corresponding outer surface of the support shaft 51. An air pipe 56 is provided inside the support shaft 51, extending axially. Several air holes 57 are provided in the gap area between the two sets of torsion shafts 52, connecting the air pipe 56 to the air chamber 55. The air pipe 56 extends through the support shaft 51 along its central axis, with both ends reaching the end face of the support shaft 51. The end face has a connector for connecting the air pump 15, which is threadedly sealed to the air pipe 56. Several air holes 57 are evenly distributed circumferentially in the gap area between the two sets of torsion shafts 52 on the support shaft 51. One end of each air hole 57 connects to the air pipe 56, and the other end penetrates the outer surface of the support shaft 51 and communicates with the air chamber 55. The openings of the air holes 57 are rounded to avoid scratching the elastic membrane 53.

[0023] Please see Figures 1-10The spiral turning structure 5 has a turning mode and a feeding mode. In the turning mode, the air chamber 55 is inflated, causing the elastic membrane 53 to expand radially. The two sets of torsion shafts 52 rotate synchronously and drive the elastic membrane 53 to rotate synchronously. After the material falls onto the surface of the elastic membrane 53, it rotates with the elastic membrane 53 and gradually rolls up onto the elastic membrane 53. After the material is completely rolled up, the air chamber 55 is deflated, causing the elastic membrane 53 to contract. The contracted elastic membrane 53 adheres to the two sets of torsion shafts 52 and the support shaft 51 in the gap area, forming a symmetrical funnel shape with a small central diameter and large diameters at both ends. The material gathers towards the middle gap position as the shape of the elastic membrane 53 changes. At the same time, the two sets of torsion shafts 52 approach each other along the axial direction of the support shaft 51 and rotate in opposite directions, causing the elastic membrane 53 to rotate and contract axially synchronously. The material rolled up on the elastic membrane 53 spirals and is compressed axially by the two sets of limiting platforms 54. In the feeding mode, the air chamber 55 remains uninflated, and the material falls directly onto the conveying mechanism and is conveyed by the conveying mechanism.

[0024] Please see Figures 1-10 During operation, the upper pressure roller 2 and lower pressure roller 3 on the frame 1 rotate in opposite directions under the drive of the material pressing drive module 11. The material enters from the feed end of the material channel 4 and is squeezed into a sheet shape. The scraper 7 at the lower end of the upper pressure roller 2 and lower pressure roller 3 scrapes off the material adhering to the roller surface and guides it to the spiral turning structure 5 below through the discharge channel formed by the guide plate 71. The spiral turning structure 5 can switch between turning mode and feeding mode. The switching between turning mode and feeding mode is determined according to the current mixing conditions of the material to determine whether to continue turning or to enter feeding mode. In the turning mode, the air pump 15 inflates the elastic membrane 53 and the cylindrical air cavity 55 formed by the two sets of torsion shafts 52 through the air pipe 56 in the support shaft 51 and the air holes 57 arranged along its axial and radial directions, so that the elastic membrane 53 expands radially. Figure 9 As shown, the material-turning drive module 14 simultaneously drives the drive shaft 58, which is fixedly connected to the torsion shaft 52, to rotate. This causes the two sets of torsion shafts 52 to rotate synchronously and drive the elastic membrane 53 to rotate synchronously. The anti-slip texture on the surface of the elastic membrane 53 can enhance the friction with the material and cause the sheet material to gradually roll up into a cylindrical shape as the elastic membrane 53 rotates. When the material is completely rolled up, the air pump 15 stops inflating and the air chamber 55 releases air. After the elastic membrane 53 contracts, it fits the area of ​​the corresponding gap between the two sets of torsion shafts 52 and the support shaft 51, forming a symmetrical funnel shape with a small center diameter and large diameters at both ends. The material gathers towards the position with the small diameter of the middle gap as the elastic membrane 53 changes shape. At the same time, the material-turning drive module 14 quickly drives the two sets of torsion shafts 52 to move closer to each other and rotate in opposite directions along the axial direction of the support shaft 51, driving the elastic membrane 53 to generate synchronous torsion and axial contraction. This causes the rolled-up material to spirally twist with the elastic membrane 53 and be axially compressed by the limiting platform 54 at the large diameter end of the two sets of torsion shafts 52. Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the initial inner diameter of the material being wound up is based on the diameter of the elastic membrane 53 after inflation. When the elastic membrane 53 deflates and contracts, its inner diameter decreases accordingly. However, the inner diameter of the already wound material cannot shrink synchronously, resulting in a gap between the wound material and the elastic membrane 53, causing them to no longer adhere. Simultaneously, the material itself has weight; after losing the support of the elastic membrane 53, the material at the bottom will naturally detach from the surface of the elastic membrane 53 under gravity, forming a drooping state. Based on this drooping state, the sliding drive structure 13 on the frame 1 is activated and drives the cutting track 8 to move towards the drooping position of the material. When the cutting track 8 reaches the preset position, the cutting track 8 drives the cutting blade 82 mounted on it to cut the material axially. Cutting is performed at the drooping position, separating the cylindrical material after torsion and compression from the drooping point. The force generated by the rotation of the torsion shaft 52 guides the cut material to the conveying mechanism below. The conveying drive module 12 drives two or more sets of conveying rollers 6 to rotate, transporting the material back to the feed end of the material channel 4. Manual judgment is then made regarding whether to continue material turning. If turning continues, the material must be removed and placed back at the feed end. In feeding mode, the air chamber 55 remains uninflated, and the elastic membrane 53 naturally adheres to the support shaft 51. The material falls directly to the conveying mechanism through the discharge channel and is transported back to the feed end. Manual removal is then performed. Throughout the process, the mixing state of the material can be observed and adjusted in real time to ensure formula accuracy. The diameter of the limiting platform 54 is designed to be adjusted according to the amount of material being processed.

[0025] Please see Figures 1-10Both the upper pressure roller 2 and the lower pressure roller 3 are equipped with two sets of scrapers 7 at their lower ends to scrape the material off them. The scrapers 7 at the lower ends of the upper pressure roller 2 and the lower pressure roller 3 are made of wear-resistant elastic material. The cutting edge of the scraper 7 is in close contact with the roller surface with a small gap to avoid scratching the roller surface and ensure thorough scraping. The scraper 7 is fixedly connected to the frame 1 through an adjustable bracket. The bracket has an elongated hole, and the contact degree between the scraper 7 and the roller surface can be adjusted by bolts. Guide plates 71 are fixedly installed below the two sets of scrapers 7. The two sets of guide plates 71 form a discharge channel. The spiral turning structure 5 is set below the discharge channel, and the material plate is arranged at an incline. The two ends of the guide plates 71 are fixedly connected to the frame 1. A cutting track 8 is provided below the spiral turning structure 5. Sliding grooves 81 are correspondingly opened at both ends of the frame 1. The sliding grooves 81 at both ends of the frame 1 are rectangular groove structures. A sliding drive structure 13 is configured on the sliding groove 81. Both ends of the cutting track 8 slide in engagement with the sliding groove 81 and are fixedly connected to the drive end of the sliding drive structure 13. The sliding drive structure 13 can be a cylinder drive structure or a ball screw servo drive structure. When a cylinder drive structure is used, the cylinder body is hinged to the side of the frame 1 via a hinge support, and the end of the cylinder piston rod is connected to the middle of the side of the cutting track 8 via a floating joint. Guide rails are fitted between both ends of the cutting track 8 and the sliding groove 81 of the frame 1, and limit buffer blocks are provided at both ends of the guide rails. When a ball screw servo drive structure is used, a servo motor is connected to one end of the ball screw via a coupling, the nut seat of the ball screw is fixed to the cutting track 8, and the servo motor is fixed to the end of the frame 1 via a motor bracket. Linear guide rails are arranged parallel to the ball screw for auxiliary guidance. Limit blocks are provided at both ends of the cutting track 8, which engage with the limit surfaces at both ends of the sliding groove 81 to limit the maximum travel of the cutting track 8 and prevent excessive movement that could lead to structural collisions. The cutting track 8 is a linear guide rail, on which a cutting blade 82 is slidably mounted. After the sliding drive structure 13 drives the cutting track 8 to approach the material below the elastic membrane 53, the cutting track 8 drives the cutting blade 82 to cut the material axially. As an integrated linear guide rail, the cutting track 8 has an internal transmission component that drives the cutting blade 82 to slide. The cutting blade 82 is fixedly connected to the transmission component via a sliding seat, which tightly engages with the guide rail surface of the cutting track 8. The cutting blade 82 adopts a thin-blade structure, with the blade material being wear-resistant alloy steel and coated with a polytetrafluoroethylene anti-stick coating. The blade direction of the cutting blade 82 is consistent with the downward direction of the material, and the blade is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism. Two or more sets of air holes 57 are equidistantly arranged along the axial and radial directions of the support shaft 51. The pores 57 on the support shaft 51 are evenly distributed along the axial direction in the gap area between the two sets of torsion shafts 52, and are arranged in a ring at equal intervals along the radial direction. The pores 57 are circular through holes with consistent diameters and rounded chamfered edges to avoid scratching the elastic membrane 53.The air vent 57 is vertically connected to the air pipe 56 inside the support shaft 51. The number of air vents 57 is set according to the diameter of the support shaft 51 and the volume of the air chamber 55 to ensure that the gas can quickly and evenly fill or discharge the air chamber 55. The elastic diaphragm 53 is cylindrical, and its two ends are embedded in the annular sealing grooves of the large-diameter end limiting platforms 54 of the two sets of torsion shafts 52. An elastic sealing ring is placed in the groove. The end of the elastic diaphragm 53 is pressed and fixed to the limiting platform 54 by an annular clamp. The clamp and the limiting platform 54 are fastened together by bolts evenly distributed around the circumference to ensure a firm connection. The surface of the elastic diaphragm 53 at the sealing and fixing point is flush with the end face of the limiting platform 54. A protective pad is provided between the inner ring of the clamp and the elastic diaphragm 53 to prevent the elastic diaphragm 53 from being damaged by excessive clamp pressure.

[0026] Please see Figures 1-10A drive shaft 58 is fixedly machined on the limiting stage 54, and a support shaft 51 is coaxially disposed within the drive shaft 58. The support shaft 51 and the drive shaft 58 are axially sliding and circumferentially rotating connected. The drive shaft 58 is integrally formed at the center of the end face of the limiting stage 54. The drive shaft 58 is a hollow tubular structure with guide grooves and bearing mounting grooves machined on its inner wall. The support shaft 51 is coaxially inserted into the hollow cavity of the drive shaft 58. A linear bearing and a deep groove ball bearing are assembled between the support shaft 51 and the drive shaft 58. The linear bearing enables the axial sliding connection between the two, and the deep groove ball bearing ensures smooth circumferential rotation. The outer ring of the bearing is interference-fitted with the bearing mounting groove of the drive shaft 58, and the inner ring is tightly fitted with the outer surface of the support shaft 51. Dustproof seals are provided at both ends of the bearing. The end of the drive shaft 58 is rotatably connected to a bearing seat on the frame 1 via a rolling bearing. The bearing seat is fixed to the frame 1 by bolts, and an axial limiting structure is provided inside the bearing seat to prevent the drive shaft 58 from moving axially. A material-turning drive module 14, which drives the drive shaft 58 to rotate circumferentially and move axially, is fixedly mounted on the frame 1. The material-turning drive module 14 adopts a composite drive structure with dual servo motors, gear transmission, and ball screw transmission. One set of servo motors is connected to the drive shaft 58 through a gearbox. The gearbox uses precision helical gears to ensure the smooth circumferential rotation of the torsion shaft 52. The other set of servo motors is fixed coaxially with the ball screw. The nut of the ball screw is connected to the boss on the drive shaft 58 by a pin to realize the axial movement of the torsion shaft 52. The two drive structures are mounted on the frame 1 through an integrated bracket. A guide sleeve and a thrust bearing are assembled between the drive shaft 58 and the support shaft 51. An air pump 15 is also fixedly mounted on the frame 1. The air pump 15 is sealed at both ends of the air pipe 56. The air pump 15 is fixed to the reserved area on the side of the frame 1 by a shock-absorbing mounting seat. The shock-absorbing mounting seat is equipped with rubber shock-absorbing pads to reduce the vibration transmission of the air pump 15 during operation. The air pipe 56 has external threads at both ends and an annular sealing groove at the end, with a high-temperature resistant elastic sealing ring embedded in the sealing groove. Both the air outlet and inlet of the air pump 15 are equipped with quick-connect couplings with internal threads. The two ends of the air pipe 56 are tightened and fixed to the quick-connect couplings via threads, while the sealing ring is pressed between the coupling end face and the sealing groove of the air pipe 56, forming a double-sealing structure. The conveying mechanism includes two or more sets of conveying rollers 6, with both ends of the conveying rollers 6 rotatably connected to the frame 1. A conveying drive module 12 for driving the movement of the two or more sets of conveying rollers 6 is fixedly installed on the frame 1. The conveying drive module 12 adopts a transmission structure of a variable frequency motor paired with a sprocket and chain. The variable frequency motor is fixed to the reserved installation area at the bottom of the frame 1 via a motor base. The motor base has a waist-shaped adjustment hole for easy adjustment of the motor position to tension the chain. The motor output shaft is fixed to the drive sprocket via a flat key. The driven sprocket is mounted on the end of the conveyor roller 6. The drive sprocket and the driven sprocket are driven by a closed roller chain. A dust cover is installed on the outside of the chain. An adjustable chain tensioner is also provided on the frame 1. The surface of the elastic membrane 53 is processed with an anti-slip texture.The anti-slip texture on the surface of the elastic membrane 53 adopts a spiral convex structure. The texture is integrally formed with the elastic membrane 53, and the height and spacing of the convex texture are evenly distributed.

[0027] Please see Figures 1-10 During the material winding process of the material-turning drive module 14, the elastic membrane 53 contracts and adheres to the gap area between the two sets of torsion shafts 52 and the support shaft 51 after the air chamber 55 is deflated, forming a symmetrical funnel shape with a small central diameter and large diameters at both ends. This allows the material wound on the elastic membrane 53 to quickly gather towards the central gap, transforming the material from a dispersed state to a concentrated state. This significantly increases the contact area and compression ratio within and between the materials. Simultaneously, the material-turning drive module 14 drives the two sets of torsion shafts 52 to move closer together along the axial direction of the support shaft 51, achieving axial compression. This generates a strong squeezing effect on the concentrated material, breaking down its original internal structure. The process forces the unevenly mixed components in the material to come into full contact, while the reverse rotation of the torsion shaft 52 drives the elastic membrane 53 to rotate synchronously, which can apply circumferential shear force to the material, further tearing apart the internal agglomerates of the material. This allows the material components to mix quickly and evenly under the dual action of compression and shearing. The entire process, from material aggregation and axial compression to spiral torsion, is carried out continuously without any additional intermediate steps, which greatly reduces the waiting time for material mixing. At the same time, the material aggregated under the dual action is more targeted in its mixing, avoiding the inefficiency of dispersed mixing. Therefore, it can not only achieve full mixing of materials, but also ensure mixing efficiency and mixing speed.

[0028] Please see Figures 1-10 When cutting materials, the core of the cutting method in this application is to form an efficient conveying method by utilizing the natural state of the material and the elastic membrane 53. A gap is naturally created by the contraction of the elastic membrane 53 and the difference in inner diameter between it and the formed material. The drooping state formed by the material's own weight allows for precise locking of the cutting position without the need for an additional positioning mechanism. Furthermore, during the cutting process, the drooping material at the bottom generates a continuous downward tension under its own weight, naturally stretching and tightening the internal structure of the drooping part of the material. Gravity also completely separates the material from the elastic membrane 53, without any additional support or resistance interference. When the cutting blade 82 acts on this part, the cutting force and the tension generated by gravity create a synergistic effect, following the direction of force application on the material. The material is applied in a concentrated manner, eliminating the need to overcome the dispersion resistance caused by material adhesion or support. At the same time, the tension makes it easier to reach the critical point of material breakage, making it easier to cut materials that are drooping under the influence of gravity. Moreover, axial cutting directly and quickly separates the cylindrical material after torsion and compression, avoiding the conveying jams caused by material adhesion and agglomeration in traditional conveying. After cutting, the material directly detaches from the elastic membrane 53 by the force of the rotation of the torsion shaft 52, without the need for additional unloading power. With the synchronous drive of the conveying roller 6, there is no need for manual intervention to deal with the problem of material adhesion or accumulation. Compared with the traditional conveying mode where materials are prone to blockage and need to be processed in stages, the overall time from the completion of mixing to the return to the feeding end of the material is greatly shortened.

[0029] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0030] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic rubber open mill with material turning, comprising a frame (1) and an upper pressure roller (2) and a lower pressure roller (3) rotatably mounted on the frame (1), wherein the frame (1) is provided with a material pressing drive module (11) at both ends for driving the upper pressure roller (2) and the lower pressure roller (3) to rotate in opposite directions respectively, and a material channel (4) is provided between the upper pressure roller (2) and the lower pressure roller (3), wherein one end of the material channel (4) is a feeding end and the other end of the material channel (4) is a discharging end, characterized in that: Below the discharge end, there is a spiral turning structure (5) that spirally compresses sheet material into cylindrical material along the axial direction. The bottom of the spiral turning structure (5) is also provided with a conveying mechanism, which conveys the material after being compressed by the spiral turning structure (5) to the feed end side of the material channel (4).

2. The automatic material-turning rubber open mill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying mechanism includes two or more sets of conveying rollers (6), both ends of which are rotatably connected to the frame (1), and a conveying drive module (12) for driving the two or more sets of conveying rollers (6) to move is fixedly installed on the frame (1).

3. The automatic material-turning rubber open mill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral turning structure (5) includes an elastic membrane (53), a support shaft (51), and two sets of frustum-shaped torsion shafts (52). The two sets of torsion shafts (52) are coaxially slidably mounted on the support shaft (51). The torsion shafts (52) can slide axially and rotate circumferentially relative to the support shaft (51). The small-diameter ends of the two sets of torsion shafts (52) are arranged opposite each other and have a gap along the axial direction of the support shaft (51). The large-diameter end of each set of torsion shafts (52) is coaxially fixed with a limiting platform (54). The elastic membrane (53) is sealed at both ends with the limiting platform (54) on the two sets of torsion shafts (52), and the elastic membrane (53) and the two sets of torsion shafts (52) enclose a closed cylindrical air cavity (55). The support shaft (51) has an air tube (56) that runs through it along its axial direction. The support shaft (51) has several air holes (57) in the gap area between the two sets of torsion shafts (52), and the air holes (57) connect the air tube (56) to the air cavity (55).

4. The automatic material-turning rubber open mill according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spiral turning structure (5) has a turning mode and a feeding mode; In the material turning mode, the air chamber (55) is inflated to cause the elastic membrane (53) to expand radially. The two sets of torsion shafts (52) rotate synchronously and drive the elastic membrane (53) to rotate synchronously. After the material falls onto the surface of the elastic membrane (53), it rotates with the elastic membrane (53) and gradually rolls up onto the elastic membrane (53). After the material is completely rolled up, the air chamber (55) is deflated to cause the elastic membrane (53) to shrink. The shrunken elastic membrane (53) adheres to the two sets of torsion shafts (52) and the gap. The support shaft (51) of the region forms a symmetrical funnel shape with a small central diameter and large diameters at both ends. As the elastic membrane (53) changes shape, the material gathers towards the middle gap. At the same time, the two sets of torsion shafts (52) move closer to each other and rotate in opposite directions along the axial direction of the support shaft (51), causing the elastic membrane (53) to twist and axially contract synchronously. This causes the material wound on the elastic membrane (53) to spirally twist with the elastic membrane (53) and be axially compressed by the two sets of limiting platforms (54). In the feeding mode, the air chamber (55) remains uninflated, and the material falls directly onto the conveying mechanism and is conveyed by the conveying mechanism.

5. The automatic material-turning rubber open mill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper pressure roller (2) and the lower pressure roller (3) are each provided with two sets of scrapers (7) at their lower ends to scrape the material off the upper pressure roller (2) and the lower pressure roller (3). Guide plates (71) are fixedly installed below the two sets of scrapers (7). The two sets of guide plates (71) form a discharge channel. The spiral turning structure (5) is located below the discharge channel. The two ends of the guide plates (71) are fixedly connected to the frame (1).

6. The automatic material-turning rubber open mill according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spiral turning structure (5) is provided with a cutting track (8) below it. The frame (1) is provided with sliding grooves (81) at both ends. A sliding drive structure (13) is provided on the sliding groove (81). The two ends of the cutting track (8) are slidably engaged with the sliding groove (81) and fixedly connected to the drive end of the sliding drive structure (13). The cutting track (8) is a linear guide rail. A cutting blade (82) is slidably mounted on the cutting track (8). After the sliding drive structure (13) drives the cutting track (8) to approach the material below the spiral turning structure (5), the cutting track (8) drives the cutting blade (82) to cut the material along the axial direction.

7. The automatic material-turning rubber open mill according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air holes (57) are arranged in two or more sets at equal intervals along the axial and radial directions of the support shaft (51).

8. An automatic material-turning rubber open mill according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic membrane (53) is cylindrical and its two ends are respectively sealed and fixedly connected to the limiting platform (54) of the two sets of torsion shafts (52).

9. An automatic material-turning rubber open mill according to claim 3, characterized in that: A drive shaft (58) is fixedly machined on the limiting platform (54). The support shaft (51) is coaxially arranged inside the drive shaft (58). The support shaft (51) and the drive shaft (58) are axially sliding and circumferentially rotating connected. The drive shaft (58) is rotatably connected to the frame (1). A material turning drive module (14) for driving the drive shaft (58) to rotate circumferentially and move axially is fixedly installed on the frame (1). An air pump (15) is also fixedly installed on the frame (1). The air pump (15) is sealed and assembled with both ends of the air pipe (56).

10. An automatic material-turning rubber open mill according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surface of the elastic membrane (53) is processed with an anti-slip texture.

Images