A device and method for inspecting the close state of a turnout

Abstract

The application discloses a device and a method for inspecting the close state of a turnout, and the device comprises a handheld telescopic rod body, a buffer probe assembly, a probe mounting spring piece and two probes; the buffer probe assembly comprises an upper end connecting seat, a lower end connecting seat and a tension spring; the buffer probe assembly comprises an upper end connecting seat, a lower end connecting seat and a tension spring; the upper end connecting seat and the lower end connecting seat are elastically connected through the tension spring; the upper end of the upper end connecting seat is fixedly connected with the lower end of the handheld telescopic rod body; the lower end of the lower end connecting seat is fixedly connected with the top of the probe mounting spring piece; and the first probe and the second probe are arranged at the bottom of the probe mounting spring piece. The application can enable the operator to operate outside the track limit and flexibly buffer the impact force at the moment of the turnout action by means of the buffer probe assembly, so that the dynamic inspection of the close state of the fast-action turnout is realized, and the actual close state of the point rail and the basic rail is truly reflected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rail transit inspection technology, and in particular to a device and inspection method for checking the tightness of turnouts. Background Technology

[0002] The railway hump marshalling yard is the core area for railway freight shunting operations, undertaking the task of dismantling and reassembling freight trains. Its basic operation method is that the locomotive pushes the entire train of vehicles to the top platform of the hump, and then the vehicles use gravity to slide down along different tracks along a pre-set route, and enter the target marshalling line under the guidance of the turnout in the yard.

[0003] To achieve efficient train decomposition and marshalling, railway hump yards are equipped with a large number of quick-action switches, ranging from dozens to hundreds. These switches are typically driven by pneumatic or electric switch machines. To accommodate the high-paced operation of rolling stock shunting, the operation time is extremely short, generally requiring the entire process from unlocking, switching to locking to locking to completing within 0.4-0.6 seconds. A single set of switches can operate hundreds of times per day.

[0004] The tightness of the switch after conversion and locking—specifically, the degree of fit between the working edges of the switch rail and the stock rail—is a crucial indicator directly determining whether a vehicle can safely pass through the switch. According to railway switch maintenance technical standards, the allowable gap between the switch rail and stock rail in the locked state is clearly defined. If the tightness exceeds this limit, there is a risk that the wheel flange may become trapped in the gap between the switch rail and stock rail. This can lead to anything from abnormal wear of the switch rail head and deformation of the switch machine indicator rod to, in severe cases, derailment and serious damage to the switch equipment. Therefore, accurate and efficient inspection of the tightness of fast-moving switches is an indispensable and critical aspect of daily maintenance at hump yards.

[0005] However, due to the constraints of continuous 24 / 7 operation in hump yards, continuous rolling stock release, and extremely tight maintenance time windows, the current methods for verifying the tightness of fast-acting turnouts in actual operation and maintenance are still very limited. The existing traditional methods for verifying the tightness of fast-acting turnouts in hump yards have the following technical defects: First, the measurement method used is static measurement, which can only reflect the tightness of the turnout under static locking conditions and cannot reflect the dynamic tightness process. It should be noted that the actual turnout switching is a high-speed motion process. The switch rail undergoes elastic deformation under the combined action of inertial force, switching force, and locking force. The static gap value after locking is fundamentally different from the dynamic tightness process. Static measurement cannot capture the dynamic displacement trajectory of the switch rail at the instant of turnout operation, and cannot detect poor tightness during operation caused by factors such as uneven frictional resistance of the slide plate, wear of connecting pins, and loose rail supports.

[0006] Secondly, the low efficiency of inspections severely conflicts with the operational rhythm of the hump yard. The hump yard operates continuously around the clock with short intervals between vehicle releases, leaving extremely limited "windows" for maintenance personnel to work on the tracks. Traditional measurement methods require point-by-point operation and reading recording, making the complete inspection of a single set of turnouts time-consuming. Given the large number of turnouts in the hump yard, it is difficult to achieve high-frequency, full-coverage inspection of all turnouts with limited personnel and time windows.

[0007] Third, there are significant personal safety hazards. The unique working environment of the hump yard is that vehicles continuously slide downhill under the influence of gravity. When maintenance personnel go up to measure, they must crouch down, and their area is in the area where the sliding vehicles may pass. Although there are usually protective measures, the risk of personnel being hit by sliding vehicles always exists in the environment of poor visibility, noise, and changing vehicle sliding direction.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a technology that can solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to address the technical deficiencies of existing technologies by providing a device and method for inspecting the tightness of turnouts.

[0010] Therefore, the present invention provides a device for checking the tightness of turnouts, including a handheld telescopic rod, a buffer probe assembly, a probe mounting spring, a first probe, and a second probe; The handheld telescopic pole adopts a multi-layer telescopic sleeve structure, which includes multiple pole sections that are connected in sequence; The buffer probe assembly includes an upper connecting seat, a lower connecting seat, and a tension spring; The buffer probe assembly includes an upper connecting seat, a lower connecting seat, and a tension spring; The upper connecting seat and the lower connecting seat are elastically connected by a tension spring. The upper end of the upper connector is fixedly connected to the lower end of the handheld telescopic rod. The lower end of the lower connector is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the probe mounting spring; The first probe and the second probe are respectively installed at the bottom two ends of the probe mounting spring.

[0011] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a method for checking the tightness of turnouts based on the device for checking the tightness of turnouts as described above, which includes the following steps: Step S1, Adjust the length of the hand-held telescopic pole: Adjust the length of the hand-held telescopic pole according to the distance between the operator's working position and the turnout to be tested, as well as the operator's height; Step S2, Select the inspection position: Place the probe at the section to be tested between the switch rail and the base rail, and make the probe abut against the working edge of the switch rail or the working edge of the base rail. Step S3, Close fit inspection: After the turnout is activated, if the probe used in step S2 cannot be inserted into the gap between the switch rail and the stock rail, then the close fit between the switch rail and the stock rail of the turnout is deemed to be qualified. If the probe used in step S2 can be inserted into the gap between the switch rail and the main rail, then the switch rail and the main rail of the turnout are judged to be in an unqualified state of close contact.

[0012] As can be seen from the technical solution provided by the present invention above, compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for checking the tightness of turnouts. The design is scientific and can solve the technical problem that the traditional turnout tightness inspection method can only perform static measurement after the turnout is locked and cannot capture the dynamic tightness of the turnout at the moment of action. The present invention allows the operator to operate outside the track clearance throughout the process by using a handheld telescopic rod. With the help of a shock absorption mechanism with tension spring (i.e., buffer probe assembly), the impact force is flexibly buffered at the moment of turnout action, realizing the dynamic inspection of the tightness of fast-moving turnouts. It truly reflects the actual fit between the switch rail and the stock rail under the action of locking force and has great practical significance.

[0013] By applying this invention to dynamically inspect the tightness of fast-moving turnouts, the false impressions of traditional static measurements and the safety risks of personnel working on the track are effectively avoided. At the same time, it effectively protects operators, equipment, and turnout rail components from rigid impact damage.

[0014] By applying this invention, the problem of existing inspection methods requiring maintenance personnel to enter the track and work in the shunting vehicle area is effectively solved, which poses a significant personal safety hazard.

[0015] Through practical testing, the device for checking the tightness of turnouts according to the present invention is a special inspection device with reasonable structure, no need for external energy, can be operated by maintenance personnel outside the track clearance, can directly intervene in the tightness check by physical means while the turnout is in operation, and can effectively ensure personnel safety and adapt to the high-frequency operation rhythm of hump yards.

[0016] Through practical testing, the device provided by this invention for checking the tightness of turnouts is a simple handheld inspection device applied in automated and semi-automated railway hump marshalling yards. It is used to check the tightness of turnouts during the operation of rapid turnout switching equipment. It is a reasonably structured, purely mechanical device that requires no external energy, has low manufacturing cost, and is easy to operate. It can complete the physical inspection of the tightness in real time during turnout operation and is adapted to the high-frequency and fast-paced operation requirements of hump yards. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the device for checking the tightness of turnouts provided by the present invention in the retracted state; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of the device used for checking the tightness of turnouts. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the device for checking the tightness of turnouts provided by the present invention in the deployed state; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view through the traction point, that is, a schematic diagram of the section to be measured between the switch rail and the main rail when the electro-pneumatic switch machine is in operation. Figure 5 A top view of the electro-pneumatic switch machine in operation; Figure 6 This is a detailed view of the cross-section of the electro-pneumatic switch machine under test when it is in operation. Figure 6 yes Figure 4 A magnified view of the left end. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0020] In the description of this patent, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or setting, a detachable connection or setting, or an integral connection or setting. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this patent according to the specific circumstances.

[0021] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments. Details not specified in the embodiments are all conventional technologies in the industry.

[0023] See Figures 1 to 6 The present invention provides a device for checking the tightness of turnouts, including a handheld telescopic rod 9, a buffer probe assembly, a probe mounting spring 5, a first probe 1 and a second probe 2; The handheld telescopic pole 9 adopts a multi-layer telescopic sleeve structure, including multiple pole sections that are connected in sequence; The buffer probe assembly includes an upper connecting seat 8, a lower connecting seat 6, and a tension spring 7; The buffer probe assembly includes an upper connecting seat 8, a lower connecting seat 6, and a tension spring 7; The upper connecting seat 8 and the lower connecting seat 6 are elastically connected by a tension spring 7.

[0024] The upper end of the upper connecting seat 8 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the handheld telescopic rod body 9; The lower end of the lower connecting seat 6 is fixedly connected to the top center position of the probe mounting spring 5; The first probe 1 and the second probe 2 are respectively installed at the bottom two ends of the probe mounting spring 5.

[0025] In this invention, for specific implementation, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 As shown, the handheld telescopic pole 9 includes a first pole section 91, a second pole section 93, a third pole section 92, and a fourth pole section 94 that are sequentially connected. The first rod section 91, the second rod section 93, the third rod section 92, and the fourth rod section 94 are all hollow tubes; In practice, the inner diameters of the first link 91, the second link 93, the third link 92, and the fourth link 94 increase sequentially.

[0026] In terms of specific implementation, the overall shape of the first link 91, the second link 93, the third link 92 and the fourth link 94 are all cylindrical; It should be noted that the fourth section 94 is the thickest end section, the first section 91 is the thinnest front section, and the second and third sections 93 and 92 are intermediate transition sections. Each section is made of thin-walled stainless steel tubing, ensuring sufficient rigidity while minimizing overall weight.

[0027] In terms of specific implementation, a conventional locking structure is set at the connection between two adjacent rod sections. It should be noted that any two adjacent rod sections in the handheld telescopic rod 9 can adopt existing conventional locking structure designs, such as the relevant locking structure designs in the widely promoted telescopic fishing rods or fishing landing nets. These are existing conventional designs and will not be described in detail here.

[0028] Therefore, operators can easily adjust the overall length of the handheld telescopic rod 9 according to the distance between their standing position and the turnout to be tested, as well as the height of the operator. For example, the length adjustment range can be approximately 0.45 meters when fully retracted and approximately 1.5 meters when fully extended, ensuring that the operator stands in a safe area away from the moving turnout throughout the inspection operation.

[0029] Of course, depending on the user's needs, the overall length adjustment range of the handheld telescopic pole 9 can be adjusted by increasing the number of pole sections or adjusting the length of any one or more of the first pole section 91, the second pole section 93, the third pole section 92, and the fourth pole section 94.

[0030] It should be noted that, in this invention, the handheld telescopic pole 9 adopts a multi-section telescopic sleeve structure, with each section sliding relative to the others to adjust the overall length and lock in place at any telescopic position. The principle for setting the telescopic range of the handheld telescopic pole 9 is: easy to carry and store in the fully retracted state; and in the fully extended state, the operator can stand in a safe area away from the moving switch to conduct the inspection, and the probe at the lower end of the pole can be inserted into the section to be measured between the switch rail and the stock rail. Through this telescopic structural design, the operator does not need to frequently squat down to measure, fundamentally reducing personal safety hazards.

[0031] In this invention, specifically, the upper and lower ends of the tension spring 7 are fixedly connected to the lower end of the upper connecting seat 8 and the upper end of the lower connecting seat 6, respectively. It should be noted that, for the present invention, the buffer probe assembly includes an upper connecting seat 8, a lower connecting seat 6 and a tension spring 7, which is located at the lower end of the handheld telescopic rod 9, specifically installed at the lower end of the lowest rod section (e.g., the first rod section 91 among four rods).

[0032] Given that the upper connecting seat 8 and the lower connecting seat 6 are elastically connected by a tension spring 7, in the natural state, the preload of the tension spring 7 keeps the lower connecting seat 6 and the probe mounting spring 5 in a forward (i.e. towards the probe side) working position, that is, the front end face of the probe mounting spring 5 (i.e. the lower end face towards the probe side) faces the turnout to be tested.

[0033] When the probe mounting spring 5 is subjected to a backward (i.e., upward) impact force, the probe mounting spring 5 drives the lower connecting seat 6 to swing backward (i.e., upward). The tension spring 7 converts the impact kinetic energy into the elastic potential energy of the spring, achieving buffering and shock absorption. After the impact force is eliminated, the tension spring 7 retracts, driving the lower connecting seat 6 and the probe mounting spring 5 to return to their previous forward (i.e., towards the probe side) working position.

[0034] It should be noted that the tension spring is pre-stretched under natural installation conditions to generate a certain initial tension (i.e., pre-tension, specifically an initial tension of 45N). The function of this pre-tension is to: (1) overcome the weight of the probe mounting spring and the probe itself, so that the probe can be stably maintained in a forward (i.e., towards the probe side) working position without impact, and not droop or sway due to its own weight; (2) provide sufficient rebound force after the turnout operation impact ends so that the probe mounting seat can be quickly reset.

[0035] It should be noted that during the impact of the turnout switch point closing, the tension spring is further stretched on top of the 45N preload, generating a greater elastic restoring force to absorb the impact energy. After the impact force is eliminated, the tension spring retracts, returning to the 45N preload state. This force value ensures effective buffering without increasing the operator's hand strain due to excessive preload, thus balancing operational comfort and inspection reliability.

[0036] It should be noted that, in this invention, the front end (i.e. the lower end) of the handheld telescopic rod 9 is provided with a probe mounting spring 5, and the probe mounting spring 5 and the lower end of the handheld telescopic rod 9 are elastically connected through a spring shock absorption assembly (i.e., a buffer probe assembly).

[0037] In this invention, the spring shock absorber assembly (i.e., the buffer probe assembly) consists of a spring (tension spring 7) and connecting devices at both ends (upper connecting seat 8 and lower connecting seat 6). Its specific working method is as follows: when the turnout moves, the switch rail closes to the stock rail at high speed. If the probe is between the switch rail and the stock rail, the impact force generated by the closing of the switch rail acts on the probe. This impact force is transmitted to the spring shock absorber assembly through the probe. The spring is compressed and deformed to absorb the impact energy, thereby avoiding the rigid impact from being directly transmitted to the operator's hand, which could cause the device to slip out of hand or the operator to be injured.

[0038] In this invention, another important function of the spring damping assembly (i.e., the buffer probe assembly) is to protect the turnout rail components (switches and stock rails). Due to the buffering effect of the spring (tension spring), the contact between the probe and the rail component is a flexible contact, which will not cause hard bumps or indentations to the working edges of the rail head (switches and stock rails), ensuring that the inspection process will not cause additional damage to the turnout equipment.

[0039] In this invention, specifically, the probe mounting spring 5 is a metal spring, which can be made of existing metal materials with a certain degree of elasticity and plasticity, such as spring steel.

[0040] In practice, the probe mounting spring 5 is a bendable metal spring. The thickness of the probe mounting spring 5 can be 1 mm.

[0041] In this invention, specifically, the probe mounting spring 5 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the lower connecting seat 6 by the second connecting bolt 4; the specific structural design is as follows: A second bolt through hole is provided at the lateral center position of the probe mounting spring 5; The lower end of the connecting seat 6 has a second internal threaded hole with an opening facing downwards; The second connecting bolt 4 passes through the second bolt through hole on the probe mounting spring 5 from bottom to top, and is then threadedly fixed to the second internal thread hole at the lower end of the lower connecting seat 6.

[0042] It should be noted that the probe mounting spring 5 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the lower connecting seat 6 by the second connecting bolt 4, and is used in conjunction with the anti-loosening washer to prevent loosening under the impact of turnout operation. The metal spring structure adopted by the probe mounting spring 5 is flexible.

[0043] Before use, the operator can manually bend and adjust the probe mounting spring 5 according to the arc shape of the upper surface of the turnout rail to be tested. This is to ensure that the front ends (i.e., the lower ends) of the first probe 1 and the second probe 2 can better fit the working edge of the rail head, so as to adapt to the arc changes of the rail head cross-section of different turnout models. Since the metal spring used in the probe mounting spring 5 has a certain elasticity retention capacity, it can maintain the angle shape after bending, providing stable probe positioning during the inspection process.

[0044] In this invention, specifically, both the first probe 1 and the second probe 2 are rectangular parallelepipeds.

[0045] It should be noted that both the first probe 1 and the second probe 2 are rectangular flat plates made of stainless steel, with surfaces hardened and ground to ensure the accuracy of thickness dimensions and wear resistance for long-term use.

[0046] In this invention, specifically, the lateral thickness of the first probe 1 is equal to the minimum allowable gap value when the turnout is in a properly fitted state.

[0047] In specific implementation, the lateral thickness of the first probe 1 is 5mm, which corresponds to the minimum allowable gap value when the turnout is in a qualified tight fit state (it is a pre-required value, a preset value). It should be noted that, according to the People's Republic of China Railway Industry Standard "TBT 3508-2018 Technical Conditions for Installation of Railway Turnout Switching Equipment", for the closely fitted section of the turnout switch rail, a closely fitted checker should be installed near the traction point. If there is a horizontal gap of 5mm or more, the turnout indicator should not be connected. Therefore, this invention requires the lateral thickness of the first probe 1 to be 5mm.

[0048] In this invention, specifically, the lateral thickness of the second probe 2 is equal to the initial judgment threshold when the turnout's close contact state is severely exceeded.

[0049] In specific implementation, the lateral thickness of the second probe 2 is 7mm, which corresponds to the initial judgment threshold when the turnout's tight fit condition seriously exceeds the limit (a pre-required value, a preset value). As long as it is greater than or equal to this initial judgment threshold, it indicates that the turnout's tight fit condition at that location has seriously exceeded the standard, the turnout has a safety hazard, and it needs to be inspected and repaired immediately.

[0050] It should be noted that, according to the People's Republic of China Railway Industry Standard "TBT 3508-2018 Technical Conditions for Installation of Railway Turnout Switching Equipment", for the closely fitted section of the turnout switch rail, a closely fitted checker is installed near the traction point. 7mm is the upper limit for checking the closely fitted section; that is, if a 7mm probe can be inserted into the gap, it indicates that the closely fitted gap exceeds the limit. Therefore, this invention requires the second probe 2 to have a lateral thickness of 7mm.

[0051] It should be noted that, according to the People's Republic of China Railway Industry Standard "TBT 3508-2018 Technical Conditions for Installation of Railway Turnout Switching Equipment", the contact inspection measuring tool (contact inspector) is a 20mm wide metal plate with a thickness determined according to requirements, a thickness deviation of -0.1mm to +0.1mm, and an insertion depth of not less than 20mm below the rail surface. Therefore, for this invention, the first probe 1 and the second probe 2 are required to be able to insert downwards to a depth of not less than 20mm below the rail surface (the rail surface of the switch rail and the stock rail).

[0052] It should be noted that for the first probe 1 and the second probe 2, both probes extend downward from the lower end of the probe mounting spring 5, and the extension length is sufficient to allow them to be fully inserted into the gap to be measured between the switch rail and the base rail.

[0053] In this invention, specifically, the first probe 1 and the second probe 2 are axially symmetrically distributed.

[0054] In this invention, specifically, for the first probe 1 and the second probe 2, each probe is fixedly connected to one end of the probe mounting spring 5 by two first connecting bolts 3; the specific structural design is as follows: The top of each probe has two spaced-apart first internal thread holes; The probe mounting spring 5 is provided with a first bolt through hole at the position corresponding to each first internal thread hole on the probe; The first connecting bolt 3 passes through the first bolt through hole on the probe mounting spring 5 from top to bottom and is then threadedly fixed to the first internal thread hole at the top of the probe.

[0055] In this invention, specifically, the lateral distance between the first probe 1 and the second probe 2 is 71 mm.

[0056] It should be noted that the first probe 1 and the second probe 2 are arranged side by side on the probe mounting spring 5 and fixed together by the first connecting bolt 3. The first probe 1 is located at the left end and the second probe 2 is located at the right end. An appropriate gap is left between the first probe 1 and the second probe 2 (for example, a lateral gap of 71mm) to avoid interference with the rail during use. The operator only needs to rotate the handheld telescopic rod 9 180° around its axis to quickly switch between the 5mm thick first probe 1 and the 7mm thick second probe 2 without changing the device or disassembling it.

[0057] It should be noted that the current lateral distance between the first probe 1 and the second probe 2 is 71mm. This distance is to ensure that the probes do not interfere with the upper end of the rail; the lateral distance should be greater than the width of the upper end of the rail. The product of this invention is applied to 43Kg / m rails, and the width of the upper end of the rail is 70mm. Using the smallest possible lateral distance while meeting the non-interference requirement can reduce manufacturing costs and, through the small clearance between the two probes and the rail head, create a certain clamping effect, preventing the measuring device of this invention from being pushed out of the measuring position by the impact of the switch rail during the measurement process.

[0058] It should be noted that, in this invention, a first probe 1 and a second probe 2 are provided at the lower end of the probe mounting spring 5. Both the first probe 1 and the second probe 2 are flat, and their thicknesses correspond to two key judgment thresholds in the turnout tightness inspection standard.

[0059] Specifically: The thickness of the first probe 1 is 5mm, corresponding to the minimum allowable gap standard for turnout fit. During inspection, at the moment the turnout completes switching and locking, if the 5mm thick first probe cannot be inserted into the fit gap between the switch rail and the stock rail, it indicates that the fit gap at that point is less than 5mm, and the fit condition is qualified.

[0060] The second probe 2 has a thickness of 7mm, which corresponds to the initial judgment threshold when the turnout's tightness condition is severely exceeded (it is the standard for the maximum allowable gap in turnout tightness). If this 7mm thick second probe can be inserted into the gap between the switch rail and the stock rail, it indicates that the tightness gap at that location has reached or exceeded 7mm, the tightness condition is severely exceeded, the turnout has a safety hazard, and immediate maintenance is required.

[0061] It should be noted that, in this invention, the first probe 1 and the second probe 2 can be arranged side-by-side on the probe mounting spring 5. Operators can easily switch between probes of different thicknesses by simply rotating the rod, making operation convenient. The dual probes achieve qualitative and quantitative judgment of the contact state through a purely physical method, without relying on any electronic sensors or power supply. The results are intuitive and reliable, unaffected by external factors such as ambient temperature, humidity, and electromagnetic interference.

[0062] Based on the device for checking the tightness of turnouts provided by the present invention, the present invention also provides a method for checking the tightness of turnouts based on the device for checking the tightness of turnouts. This method is a working method for performing fast-action turnout tightness checks using the device of the present invention, and includes the following steps: Step S1, Adjust the length of the handheld telescopic rod: Adjust the length of the handheld telescopic rod 9 according to the distance between the operator's working position and the turnout to be tested, as well as the operator's height; In specific implementation, in step S1, the operator's work location is a safe area away from the active turnout.

[0063] In step S1, it should be noted that the operator carries the device to a safe area outside the track near the turnout to be inspected. Based on the distance between the operator's standing position and the turnout, as well as their own height, the operator adjusts the telescopic handle 9 to an appropriate length and locks it using its built-in conventional locking mechanism. This ensures the handle length allows the operator to safely deliver the probe to the target inspection section within the safe area, while also ensuring the arm is naturally extended for easy control of the device's posture. Then, according to the shape of the rail head cross-section of the turnout to be inspected, the metal spring of the probe mounting base 5 is appropriately bent to ensure a good fit between the probe tip and the working edge of the rail head in a natural abutment state, preventing the probe from slipping or being misplaced during dynamic inspection due to angle mismatch.

[0064] In step S1, it is necessary to confirm in advance that all connecting parts are tight, especially the second connecting bolt 4 and the probe fixing bolt (i.e. the first connecting bolt 3) are not loose; the tension spring 7 moves flexibly without jamming or permanent deformation; and the first probe 1 and the second probe 2 are undamaged, deformed or obviously worn.

[0065] Step S2, Select the inspection position: Place the probe at the section to be tested between the switch rail and the base rail, and make the probe abut against the working edge of the switch rail or the working edge of the base rail. In specific implementation, in step S2, the location of the section to be measured between the switch rail and the main rail is specifically the section near the traction point on the switch rail of the turnout.

[0066] It should be noted that, in step S2, the selection of the inspection location is as follows: referring to the turnout maintenance technical regulations, a representative inspection section between the switch rail and the stock rail is selected, usually a section near the traction point on the switch rail. The operator stands in a safe position outside the track corresponding to this section, ensuring that no part of their body intrudes into the clearance gauge.

[0067] It should be noted that in a turnout switch, the switch rail is a movable rail component used to change the direction of train travel. Switch rail switching relies on the switch machine applying tension or thrust through its operating lever, causing the switch rail to swing between its positioning and reverse positions, thus engaging with one side of the stock rail and separating from the other. The traction point is the connection point where the switch machine's operating lever (or switching locking lever) directly connects to the switch rail and applies the switching force. Simply put, it's the point where the force is applied to "pull the switch rail." For fast-moving turnouts driven by electro-pneumatic switch machines used in hump yards, due to the rapid operation of the switch machine and the need to ensure consistent movement, only one traction point is typically provided. This traction point is located a predetermined distance backward from the tip of the switch rail, connected to the switch rail by the operating lever of the electro-pneumatic switch machine through the operating connecting lever, switch rail connecting iron, connecting pin, and adjusting joint, completing the switching and locking of the switch rail.

[0068] It should be noted that the section near the traction point is the transverse section between the switch rail and the stock rail at the traction point. At this section, the switch rail and stock rail are close together, making it a direct location for checking their fit. This section is the standard testing position specified in the turnout fit inspection and maintenance, and is common knowledge in the field. After the turnout is locked, maintenance personnel measure the gap between the switch rail and the stock rail at this section to determine whether the fit is qualified. Because there is an actuating rod connection at the traction point, the force is clear, and the fit at this point most directly reflects the switching quality and locking effect of the electro-pneumatic switch machine, thus becoming a key measuring point for fit inspection.

[0069] It should be noted that the switching force of the electro-pneumatic switch machine (a turnout switching device) is transmitted to the switch rail at the traction point via the actuating rod, through the actuating connecting rod, switch rail connecting iron, connecting pin, and adjusting joint. This traction point on the switch rail is the point where the force on the switch rail is concentrated, and it is also the control point for the contact state between the switch rail and the stock rail. If the switch machine fails to switch properly, the locking force is insufficient, or the actuating rod connecting pin is worn or has excessive clearance, the gap between the switch rail and the stock rail will first exceed the limit at the traction point on the switch rail. Therefore, checking the contact state at the section near the traction point is the most direct and sensitive way to detect poor turnout contact. When a train passes through a turnout, the wheels transition between the switch rail and the stock rail. The area near the traction point (especially from the front of the traction point to the tip of the switch rail) is a critical section for the wheel to transfer load from the stock rail to the switch rail. If there is a gap exceeding the allowable value at this point, the wheel flange may squeeze into the gap, causing damage to the switch rail, rail squeezing, or even derailment. Therefore, the traction point must be used as a representative section for contact inspection.

[0070] Given that a fast-moving turnout driven by an electro-pneumatic switch machine has only one traction point, the range of the switching force covers the entire length of the switch rail. The weakest section of the switch rail (near the tip) and the section with the greatest stress (at the traction point) almost coincide. Therefore, using the section near the traction point as a representative inspection location is sufficient to comprehensively reflect the tightness of the turnout, eliminating the need for additional traction point sections. In the hump yard turnout maintenance standards, the core location for tightness inspection of single-traction-point turnouts is the section near the traction point. Using this section as a representative inspection location conforms to existing maintenance specifications and operating habits, facilitating on-site personnel operation and result judgment.

[0071] In specific implementation, the probe in step S2 includes the first probe 1 and / or the second probe 2; It should be noted that in step S2, a first probe with a thickness of 5mm or a second probe with a thickness of 7mm is selected, and the probe is placed at the section to be measured between the switch rail and the base rail, so that the probe naturally abuts against the working edge of the switch rail or the working edge of the base rail. See Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, in Figure 4 , Figure 5 In the diagram, 101 is the left main rail, 102 is the right main rail, 111 is the left switch rail, 112 is the right switch rail, 120 is the electro-pneumatic switch machine, and 130 is the detection point position (i.e., the position of the section to be measured between the switch rail and the main rail). Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view through the traction point, that is, a schematic diagram of the section to be measured between the switch rail and the main rail when the electro-pneumatic switch machine is in operation. Figure 5 This is a top view of the electro-pneumatic switch machine in operation.

[0072] See Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6This is a detailed view of the cross-section of the electro-pneumatic switch machine under test when it is in operation. Figure 6 yes Figure 4 A magnified view of the left end; Figure 6 In the diagram, 140 is the detection device, 151 is the working side of the main rail, and 152 is the working side of the switch rail; 101 is the left main rail, and 111 is the left switch rail.

[0073] It should be noted that, regarding the working edge of the stock rail: the stock rail is the fixed rail in the turnout area. The working edge of the stock rail refers to the side of its rail head closest to the centerline of the track, that is, the side that the wheel flange contacts and is guided when passing through the turnout.

[0074] It should be noted that, regarding the working side of the switch rail: the switch rail is a movable rail component. After the turnout is switched into position, one side of the switch rail is in contact with the stock rail. The working side of the switch rail refers to the side facing the stock rail when it is in contact with the stock rail, which is the side that the wheel flange contacts when guided on the switch rail.

[0075] It should be noted that the functions of the switch rail working edge and the stock rail working edge are as follows: (1) To provide continuous flange guidance. To ensure that when the wheel transitions from the stock rail to the switch rail, the flange always runs along the same guide surface, without impact, jumping or squeezing into the gap. (2) To control the key dimensions for train operation safety. The essence of the turnout's tight fit is whether the fit gap between the switch rail working edge and the stock rail working edge meets the standard. If the gap exceeds the limit, the wheel flange may squeeze in, causing derailment or turnout damage. (3) As a reference edge for testing. In the tight fit test, the object of measurement is the gap value between these two working edges. Therefore, it is necessary to determine which side is the working edge and place the probe at that gap.

[0076] In the inspection operation of this invention, it is required that the probe tip (i.e. Figure 1 The lower end (as shown) naturally rests against the working edge of the switch rail or the working edge of the main rail for the following reasons: First, the probe must be accurately positioned at the gap. The goal of the tight fit test is to measure the actual gap between the working edge of the switch rail and the working edge of the stock rail. Only by placing the tip of the probe at the entrance of the gap between the two working edges, allowing it to naturally contact one of the working edges, can it be guaranteed that the probe is in the correct position at the moment of turnout operation, and can truly intervene in or be blocked by the gap.

[0077] Secondly, it avoids human intervention affecting the measurement results. "Natural contact" means that the operator does not apply additional pushing or prying force, but only relies on the probe itself to lightly touch the working edge. This prevents external force from forcing the probe into the gap or causing local deformation of the switch rail, ensuring that the inspection results reflect the actual tightness of the turnout under the locking force, rather than the state after human intervention.

[0078] Third, it adapts to the dynamic movements of the turnout to ensure safety. During the instantaneous movement of the turnout, the switch rail swings at high speed. When the probe naturally comes into contact with the working edge, if the contact is good, the closing of the switch rail will push the probe and trigger the spring damping mechanism; if the contact is poor, the probe can easily enter the gap. If the probe fails to naturally come into contact with the working edge, it may deviate from the gap entrance, leading to missed detections or misjudgments.

[0079] Fourth, it protects the working edge of the rail head from damage. The natural contact force is very small and will not cause scratches or indentations to the working edge of the rail head. In particular, the tip of the probe has rounded corners, which further prevents damage from natural contact.

[0080] Step S3, Close fit inspection: After the turnout is activated, if the probe used in step S2 cannot be inserted into the gap between the switch rail and the stock rail, then the close fit between the switch rail and the stock rail of the turnout is deemed to be good (i.e., qualified). If the probe used in step S2 can be inserted into the gap between the switch rail and the main rail, it is determined that the switch rail and the main rail of the turnout are not properly fitted (i.e., unqualified).

[0081] In specific implementation, in step S3, when the probe used in step S2 is the first probe 1, if the probe cannot be inserted into the fitting gap (i.e., the gap) between the switch rail and the main rail, it is determined that the switch rail and the main rail of the turnout are in good contact (i.e., qualified). In specific implementation, in step S3, when the probe used in step S2 is the second probe 2, if the probe can be inserted into the fitting gap (i.e., the gap) between the switch rail and the main rail, it is determined that the tight fit between the switch rail and the main rail of the turnout is poor (i.e., unqualified), and the tight fit gap between the switch rail and the main rail is seriously exceeded (i.e., seriously exceeded the standard).

[0082] It should be noted that in step S3, before the turnout is activated (i.e., before the electric switch machine applies the action to the turnout), the device of the present invention is kept in a stable posture. At the moment the turnout is activated, the switch rail closes to the stock rail. If the switch rail and the stock rail of the turnout are in good contact, the switch rail will squeeze the probe. The spring shock absorption assembly (i.e., the buffer probe assembly) absorbs the impact and generates elastic relief. The operator can clearly feel that the probe is clamped or cannot be inserted into the gap between the switch rail and the stock rail. If the switch rail and the stock rail of the turnout are not in good contact, the probe can be smoothly inserted into the gap between the switch rail and the stock rail. The operator can also further judge by touch or visual inspection.

[0083] It should be noted that step S3 of this invention can directly determine whether the tightness at a point meets the standard requirements based on whether the probe can be inserted into the gap (i.e., the gap) between the switch rail and the main rail. The entire inspection process can be completed synchronously within a few seconds of the turnout operation, perfectly matching the high-frequency rhythm of the hump yard vehicle shunting.

[0084] In its specific implementation, step S3 includes the following steps: Step S31: The operator holds the telescopic rod 9 and extends the first probe 1 to the section to be measured between the switch rail and the main rail of the turnout. The lower end of the flat plate of the first probe 1 naturally abuts against the working edge of the switch rail head or the working edge of the main rail head. The plane of the first probe 1 is aligned with the rail gap direction, and the device is stable. At this time, the probe mounting spring 5 is kept in the downward extended working position under the preload of the tension spring 7. Step S32: At the moment the turnout is activated, the operator keeps the handheld telescopic rod 9 in the same position, so that the first probe 1 is always located in the gap area between the switch rail and the main rail of the turnout. Step S33: When the switch rail closes to the stock rail under the drive of the switch machine (specifically, closes to the stock rail at high speed), if the first condition is met, it is determined that the switch rail and the stock rail of the turnout are in good contact (i.e. qualified). If the second condition is met, it is determined that the switch rail and the stock rail of the turnout are not properly fitted (i.e., unqualified).

[0085] In specific implementation, in step S33, the first condition is: the first probe 1 cannot enter the fitting gap between the switch rail and the base rail; It should be noted that if the actual tight fit between the switch rail and the stock rail of the turnout is less than 5mm, the first probe 1, due to its 5mm thickness, cannot enter the gap. During the switch rail closing process, the working edge of the rail head presses against the side of the first probe 1, generating a rearward impact force. This impact force is transmitted to the buffer probe assembly via the probe mounting spring 5. The probe mounting spring 5 causes the lower connecting seat 6 to swing upward, and the tension spring 7 deforms to absorb the impact energy. The operator will feel a clear sense of resistance and elastic yielding, and can observe that the probe mounting spring 5 swings upward significantly under impact and then quickly returns to its original position. This directly indicates that the tight fit of the cross-section is qualified (i.e., the tight fit between the switch rail and the stock rail of the turnout is qualified), and the gap is less than 5mm.

[0086] In specific implementation, in step S33, the second condition is: the first probe 1 is completely inserted into the fitting gap between the switch rail and the base rail; It should be noted that if the actual tight fit between the switch rail and the stock rail of the turnout is greater than or equal to 5mm, the first probe 1 can enter the rail gap. At the moment the turnout is locked, the first probe 1 is clamped between the switch rail and the stock rail. The operator can clearly feel the probe entering the gap, with no obvious elastic recoil or only a small recoil. By observing the relative position of the probe and the rail component, it can be determined whether the tight fit reaches or exceeds 5mm. If the first probe 1 can be fully inserted to its root, it indicates that the tight fit between the switch rail and the stock rail is substandard (unqualified, gap greater than or equal to 5mm). The location of this section and the estimated gap value must be recorded, and subsequent maintenance should be arranged.

[0087] In specific implementation, after step S33, the following steps S34 to S36 are also included: Step S34: The operator holds the telescopic rod 9 and extends the second probe 2 to the section to be measured between the switch rail and the main rail of the turnout. The lower end of the flat plate of the second probe 2 naturally abuts against the working edge of the switch rail head or the working edge of the main rail head. The plane of the second probe 2 is aligned with the rail gap direction, and the device is stable. At this time, the probe mounting spring 5 is kept in the downward extended working position under the preload of the tension spring 7. Step S35: At the moment the turnout is activated, the operator keeps the handheld telescopic rod 9 in the same position so that the second probe 2 is always located in the gap area between the switch rail and the main rail of the turnout. Step S36: When the switch rail closes to the stock rail under the drive of the switch machine (specifically, closes to the stock rail at high speed), if the third condition is met, it is determined that the switch rail and the stock rail of the turnout are in good contact (i.e. qualified), and the gap between the switch rail and the stock rail is slightly out of the limit. If the fourth condition is met, it is determined that the switch rail and the stock rail of the turnout are not properly fitted (i.e., unqualified), and the gap between the switch rail and the stock rail is seriously out of the limit (i.e. seriously out of standard).

[0088] In specific implementation, in step S36, the third condition is: the second probe 2 cannot enter the fitting gap between the tip rail and the base rail; In specific implementation, in step S36, the fourth condition is: the second probe 2 completely enters the fitting gap between the tip rail and the base rail; It should be noted that after completing the inspection of the first probe 1 with a thickness of 5mm, if it is necessary to further determine whether the gap is seriously exceeding the limit, the operator should rotate the telescopic rod 9 180° around its axis so that the second probe 2 faces upwards. The second probe 2 should then be placed on the section to be tested in the same manner, and the inspection should be carried out according to the same steps (refer to steps S1~S3). If the second probe 2 can be inserted into the rail gap, it indicates that the tightness gap has reached or exceeded 7mm, which is a serious over-limit, and must be reported immediately and maintenance should be arranged. If the second probe 2 cannot be inserted, but the first probe 1 can be inserted, it indicates that the tightness gap is between 5mm and 7mm, which is a slight over-limit, and maintenance can be arranged at an appropriate time.

[0089] In summary, by applying this invention, the tightness judgment of a single section of a turnout can be completed with a single turnout operation. Operators can repeat the above steps on multiple sections of the same group of turnouts as needed. After all inspections are completed, retract the rod to its shortest position and lock it. Clean the surfaces of the first probe 1 and the second probe 2 with a clean cloth, removing any oil or foreign matter promptly. Check the tension spring 7 for abnormal deformation or cracks; after confirming everything is in order, store it away.

[0090] Practical testing has shown that the device of this invention is suitable for the tightness inspection of various fast-moving turnouts in hump yards, including but not limited to turnouts driven by pneumatic and electric switch machines. To address the differences in the cross-sectional shape of the switch rails of different turnout models, it is only necessary to ensure that the size of the probe's flat plate can extend into the gap of the working edge of the rail head. The main body shape and length of the probe can be adjusted appropriately according to actual needs, but the thickness values ​​of 5mm and 7mm must remain constant to ensure consistency in inspection standards. The metal spring 5 for mounting the probe can be adaptively bent according to the arc shape of the rail head, expanding the applicability of the device.

[0091] In summary, the handheld device for quick-action turnout contact inspection provided by this invention achieves dynamic contact inspection function entirely through a purely mechanical structure, without relying on any external energy source. It has a reasonable and reliable structure, and is safe and convenient to operate. It fundamentally solves the problem of dynamic contact inspection of quick-action turnouts in hump yards and has outstanding practical value.

[0092] Compared with the prior art, the device for checking the tightness of turnouts provided by the present invention has the following advantages: 1. This invention allows operators to work entirely outside the track clearance using a handheld telescopic rod. A shock-absorbing mechanism with tension springs (i.e., a buffer probe assembly) provides flexible buffering of the impact force at the moment of turnout movement, enabling dynamic verification of the tight fit of fast-moving turnouts. This accurately reflects the actual fit between the switch rail and the stock rail under locking force, avoiding the false impressions of traditional static measurements and the safety risks associated with personnel working on the track. Simultaneously, it effectively protects operators, equipment, and turnout rail components from rigid impact damage.

[0093] 2. In this invention, the probe mounting spring adopts a metal spring structure, which can be bent and adjusted according to the shape of different turnout rail heads, making it highly adaptable. Dual probes with thicknesses of 5mm and 7mm are arranged side-by-side, and can be quickly switched by rotating the rod, allowing for a direct and objective judgment of the contact status through physical means. The entire device is a purely mechanical structure, requiring no external power source. It is simple in structure, low in cost, and easy to maintain, adaptable to the harsh outdoor environment of hump yards, and suitable for large-scale on-site application.

[0094] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for checking the tightness of turnouts, characterized in that, It includes a handheld telescopic rod (9), a buffer probe assembly, a probe mounting spring (5), a first probe (1), and a second probe (2); The handheld telescopic pole (9) adopts a multi-layer telescopic sleeve structure, including multiple pole sections that are connected in sequence; The buffer probe assembly includes an upper connecting seat (8), a lower connecting seat (6), and a tension spring (7). The buffer probe assembly includes an upper connecting seat (8), a lower connecting seat (6), and a tension spring (7). The upper connecting seat (8) and the lower connecting seat (6) are elastically connected by a tension spring (7); The upper end of the upper connecting seat (8) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the handheld telescopic rod (9); The lower end of the lower connecting seat (6) is fixedly connected to the top center position of the probe mounting spring (5); The first probe (1) and the second probe (2) are respectively set at the bottom two ends of the probe mounting spring (5).

2. The device for checking the tightness of turnouts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The handheld telescopic pole (9) includes a first pole section (91), a second pole section (93), a third pole section (92), and a fourth pole section (94) that are connected in sequence. The first rod section (91), the second rod section (93), the third rod section (92) and the fourth rod section (94) are all hollow tubes; The inner diameters of the first link (91), the second link (93), the third link (92), and the fourth link (94) increase sequentially; The first section (91), the second section (93), the third section (92), and the fourth section (94) are all cylindrical in shape.

3. The device for checking the tightness of turnouts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The probe mounting spring (5) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the lower connecting seat (6) by the second connecting bolt (4); the specific structural design is as follows: A second bolt through hole is provided at the transverse center position of the probe mounting spring (5); The lower end of the connecting seat (6) has a second internal threaded hole with an opening facing downwards; The second connecting bolt (4) passes through the second bolt through hole on the probe mounting spring (5) from bottom to top and is then threadedly fixed to the second internal thread hole at the lower end of the lower connecting seat (6).

4. The device for checking the tightness of turnouts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The probe mounting spring (5) is a bendable metal spring; And / or, The first probe (1) and the second probe (2) are both rectangular parallelepipeds. The first probe (1) and the second probe (2) are axially symmetric.

5. The device for checking the tightness of turnouts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lateral thickness of the first probe (1) is equal to the minimum allowable gap value when the turnout is in a properly fitted state. The lateral thickness of the second probe (2) is equal to the initial judgment threshold when the turnout is in a state of severe over-limit contact.

6. The device for checking the tightness of turnouts as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The lateral thickness of the first probe (1) is 5mm; The lateral thickness of the second probe (2) is 7mm.

7. The device for checking the tightness of turnouts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, For the first probe (1) and the second probe (2), each probe is fixedly connected to one end of the probe mounting spring (5) by two first connecting bolts (3); the specific structural design is as follows: The top of each probe has two spaced-apart first internal thread holes; The probe mounting spring (5) is provided with a first bolt through hole at the position corresponding to each first internal thread hole on the probe; The first connecting bolt (3) passes through the first bolt through hole on the probe mounting spring (5) from top to bottom and is then threadedly fixed to the first internal thread hole at the top of the probe.

8. A method for checking the tightness of turnouts based on the device for checking the tightness of turnouts as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1, Adjust the length of the hand-held telescopic rod: Adjust the length of the hand-held telescopic rod (9) according to the distance between the operator's working position and the turnout to be tested, as well as the operator's height; Step S2, Select the inspection position: Place the probe at the section to be tested between the switch rail and the base rail, and make the probe abut against the working edge of the switch rail or the working edge of the base rail. Step S3, Close fit inspection: After the turnout is activated, if the probe used in step S2 cannot be inserted into the gap between the switch rail and the stock rail, then the close fit between the switch rail and the stock rail of the turnout is deemed to be qualified. If the probe used in step S2 can be inserted into the gap between the switch rail and the main rail, then the switch rail and the main rail of the turnout are judged to be in an unqualified state of close contact.

9. The turnout tightness inspection method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, In step S1, the operator's work location is specifically a safe area location away from the active turnout; In step S2, the location of the section to be measured between the switch rail and the stock rail is specifically the section near the traction point on the switch rail of the turnout. The probe in step S2 includes a first probe (1) and / or a second probe (2); In step S3, when the probe used in step S2 is the first probe (1), if the probe cannot be inserted into the fitting gap between the switch rail and the main rail, it is determined that the switch rail and the main rail of the turnout are in good condition. In step S3, when the probe used in step S2 is the second probe (2), if the probe can be inserted into the fitting gap between the switch rail and the main rail, it is determined that the tight fit between the switch rail and the main rail of the turnout is not qualified.

10. The turnout tightness inspection method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Step S3 specifically includes the following steps: Step S31: The operator holds the telescopic rod (9) and extends the first probe (1) to the section to be measured between the switch rail and the main rail of the turnout, so that the lower end of the flat plate of the first probe (1) naturally abuts against the working edge of the switch rail head or the working edge of the main rail head, keeping the plane of the first probe (1) consistent with the rail gap direction, and the device posture is stable. At this time, the probe mounting spring (5) is kept in the downward extended working position under the pre-tightening force of the tension spring (7). Step S32: At the moment the turnout is activated, the operator keeps the posture of holding the telescopic rod (9) unchanged, so that the first probe (1) is always located in the gap area between the switch rail and the main rail of the turnout. Step S33: When the switch rail closes to the stock rail under the drive of the switch machine, if the first condition is met, it is determined that the switch rail and the stock rail of the turnout are in good contact. If the second condition is met, it is determined that the contact condition between the switch rail and the stock rail of the turnout is not up to standard. In step S33, the first condition is: the first probe (1) cannot enter the fitting gap between the switch rail and the main rail; In step S33, the second condition is: the first probe (1) is fully inserted into the fitting gap between the switch rail and the base rail; Following step S33, the following steps S34 to S36 are also included: Step S34: The operator holds the telescopic rod (9) and extends the second probe (2) to the section to be measured between the switch rail and the main rail of the turnout. The lower end of the flat plate of the second probe (2) naturally abuts against the working edge of the switch rail head or the working edge of the main rail head, keeping the plane of the second probe (2) consistent with the direction of the rail gap. The device is stable. At this time, the probe mounting spring (5) is kept in the downward extended working position under the pre-tightening force of the tension spring (7). Step S35: At the moment the turnout is activated, the operator keeps the posture of holding the telescopic rod (9) unchanged, so that the second probe (2) is always located in the gap area between the switch rail and the main rail of the turnout. Step S36: When the switch rail closes to the stock rail under the drive of the switch machine, if the third condition is met, it is determined that the contact state between the switch rail and the stock rail of the turnout is qualified, and the contact gap between the switch rail and the stock rail is slightly over-limit. If the fourth condition is met, it is determined that the contact condition between the switch rail and the stock rail of the turnout is not qualified, and the contact gap between the switch rail and the stock rail is seriously excessive. In step S36, the third condition is: the second probe (2) cannot enter the fitting gap between the switch rail and the base rail; In step S36, the fourth condition is: the second probe (2) is fully inserted into the fitting gap between the switch rail and the base rail.

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