A vehicle spin turn device

Abstract

The application is a vehicle U-turn steering device, belonging to the technical field of agricultural machinery walking hand tractor chassis. The application comprises a power input gear, a differential gear set, a double reduction gear set, a driving gear, a coaxial bevel gear, a reverse planetary gear assembly, a locking component and a mechanical steering linkage mechanism, and sets six-wheel drive front and rear steering, four-wheel drive front steering and four-wheel drive rear steering three adaptive structures. Power is transmitted to coaxial bevel gears of left and right driving wheels after being split and reduced by the input gear, and the two coaxial bevel gears mesh with the reverse planetary gear assembly. The reverse assembly freely follows the motion under normal driving conditions, realizing normal differential driving and four-wheel mechanical linkage steering. When the reverse assembly is locked by the locking component, the left and right wheels form power reverse transmission, and the whole machine can realize 360-degree U-turn without deviation. The application adopts full mechanical gear linkage transmission, uses hand-controlled hydraulic assistance, is compatible with various agricultural implements, and is suitable for hand tractors and various agricultural implements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery walking tractor chassis technology, specifically to a walking device that can realize four-wheel drive / six-wheel drive, four-wheel mechanical linkage steering, and has the function of turning around 360° on the spot without deviation. It is applicable to walking tractors, garden tillers, orchard greenhouse operation machines and various agricultural supporting machinery. Background Technology

[0002] With societal development, the difficulty of operating and the labor-intensive nature of hand-held tractors have become increasingly apparent. Furthermore, existing hand-held tractors and agricultural walking hand-held tractors are mostly two-wheel drive with independent front-wheel steering, resulting in large turning radii, significant space requirements for turning in fields, and inconvenience in narrow areas. Conventional differential mechanisms can only meet the needs of ordinary driving and turning, and cannot achieve differential reversal of the left and right wheels. Traditional models lack mechanical linkage for front and rear steering, resulting in a fragmented structure, cumbersome assembly, and incompatibility with both front- and rear-mounted agricultural implements. Existing models with on-the-spot steering mostly rely on electronic and hydraulic auxiliary control, leading to high costs, high failure rates in muddy and dusty field environments, and poor reliability. To address the structural limitations, inflexible steering, poor implement compatibility, and reliance on electronic control leading to frequent failures in existing technologies, this invention proposes a fully mechanical gear and linkage linkage walking device. Summary of the Invention

[0003] 1.1 Purpose of the Invention

[0004] In light of societal progress and the development of new productive forces, existing hand-held tractors can no longer meet the demands and expectations for small and medium-sized agricultural machinery. This invention aims to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of existing agricultural chassis, such as large turning radius, inability to turn around on the spot, limited implement compatibility, high failure rate of electronic control structures, and inconvenient maintenance. It provides a compact, fully mechanically driven walking device that can switch between four-wheel drive and six-wheel drive, features synchronous four-wheel steering, can turn around 360° without deviation on the spot, and is compatible with both front- and rear-mounted implements. The six-wheel drive with front and rear steering can serve as a chassis for simple excavators and can also be used for cargo transport in complex terrain. The four-wheel drive with rear steering can be equipped with forklifts, loaders, and other agricultural implements, while retaining the advantages and strengths of the original hand-held tractor to the greatest extent possible.

[0005] 1.2 Technical Solution

[0006] A vehicle turning steering device includes a power input gear A, differential gear sets B1 and B2, double reduction gear sets C1 and C2, drive gears D1 and D2, coaxial bevel gears G1 and G2, a reversing planetary gear assembly E, a locking component F, a steering linkage mechanism, and front and rear steering wheel sets; the whole machine is configured with three adaptable structures: a six-wheel drive front and rear steering assembly, a four-wheel drive front steering assembly, and a four-wheel drive rear steering assembly.

[0007] The power input gear A is connected to the power supply of the entire machine. Power input gear A meshes with the planetary bevel gears inside the differential, and the power is split and delivered to the left differential gear B1 and the right differential gear B2. B1 and B2 respectively mesh with the double reduction gear sets C1 and C2, and after reduction and torque amplification, the power is transmitted to the left and right drive gears D1 and D2. Drive gear D1 is coaxially and fixedly connected to bevel gear G1, and drive gear D2 is coaxially and fixedly connected to bevel gear G2. Bevel gears G1 and G2 mesh with the reverse planetary gear assembly E. The reverse planetary gear assembly E is equipped with a locking component F that can be manually controlled to lock and release.

[0008] The steering linkage mechanism consists of a front steering tie rod S1, a rear steering tie rod S2, and left and right longitudinal links. It adopts a purely mechanical rigid linkage structure to synchronously control the front wheel set and the rear wheel set to deflect in the same or opposite directions, thereby achieving four-wheel steering.

[0009] In normal driving and turning conditions, the locking component F releases the reverse planetary gear assembly E, which is in a free-moving state. The machine travels in the normal differential mode, relying on the steering linkage mechanism to achieve synchronous steering of the front and rear four wheels. When it is necessary to turn around in place, the locking component F is operated to lock the reverse planetary gear assembly E, restricting the rotation of the reverse planetary gear assembly E. This forces the bevel gears G1 and G2 on both sides to form a reverse power transmission through the planetary gear set, causing one drive wheel to rotate forward and the other drive wheel to rotate in reverse. The whole machine rotates in place around the center point, achieving a 360° turn to the left and right without deviation.

[0010] 1.3 Detailed Structural Description

[0011] 1.3.1 Six-wheel drive front and rear steering system

[0012] Power is transmitted to the left and right front and rear steering wheels via the left and right drive shafts respectively, achieving six-wheel drive with synchronous steering of the front and rear four wheels, which enhances passability and load-bearing capacity, and is suitable for heavy loads and complex working conditions in muddy farmland.

[0013] 1.3.2 Gear Transmission Split Structure

[0014] In the gear transmission split structure, the differential gear set, double reduction gear set, drive gear, and coaxial bevel gear mesh and transmit power in sequence. The transmission chain layout is compact, the power transmission is smooth, the speed reduction and torque increase effect is good, and the fit between each shaft system and gear is highly accurate.

[0015] 1.3.3 Four-wheel drive front steering system

[0016] It is suitable for the installation of rear implements on walking tractors. The steering wheel and steering linkage mechanism control the deflection of the front wheels, while the rear wheels are driven by differential speed through the longitudinal linkage, which meets the needs of normal driving, turning in the field and farming operations.

[0017] 1.3.4 Four-wheel drive rear steering system

[0018] It is suitable for the installation of front implements on walking tractors. By adjusting the length of the front and rear steering lateral tie rods S1 and S2, the front and rear steering wheels can be made to be in an inverted V-shape and tangent to the steering center circle. With the locking component F locking the reverse planetary gear assembly E, the whole machine can turn 360° on the spot, which greatly saves the turning space in the field.

[0019] 1.3.5 Reverse Planetary Gear Assembly

[0020] The reversible planetary gear assembly is the core component for achieving in-situ reversal. The internal planetary gears precisely mesh with the bevel gears on both sides, and a locking mechanism enables both free rotation and locked-in operation. The structure is simple and the transmission is reliable. Preferably, all gears and drive shafts are made of high-strength alloy steel or wear-resistant cast iron, and wear-resistant bushings are installed at all rotating parts. The housing has a sealed, dustproof, and mud-proof structure, making it suitable for harsh field operating environments.

[0021] 1.4 Beneficial Effects

[0022] 1. It adopts a fully mechanical gear + linkage transmission, eliminating the need for complex electrical and hydraulic control systems. It features a simple structure, low failure rate, dust and vibration resistance, and strong adaptability to harsh field environments.

[0023] 2. It has both conventional four-wheel steering and 360° turn-around modes, which greatly reduces the turning radius and space occupied by turning around in the field, and improves the efficiency of agricultural operations;

[0024] 3. It integrates three structures: six-wheel drive with front and rear steering, four-wheel drive with front steering, and four-wheel drive with rear steering. It is compatible with various front- and rear-mounted agricultural implements, and has strong versatility and wide applicability.

[0025] 4. The four-wheel mechanical linkage steering is flexible and particularly suitable for operation in orchards, greenhouses, and small, scattered plots of farmland in narrow spaces;

[0026] 5. Modular and split structure, easy to disassemble and assemble, damaged parts can be replaced individually, low production assembly and subsequent maintenance costs, suitable for mass production and market promotion. 1.5 Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] The power of the entire machine is connected by the power input gear A. The power input gear A distributes the power evenly to the left differential gear B1 and the right differential gear B2 through the planetary bevel gears inside the differential. The left differential gear B1 and the right differential gear B2 mesh with the double reduction gear set C1 and C2 respectively. After two-stage reduction and torque amplification, the power is transmitted to the left and right drive gears D1 and D2. The drive gear D1 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the bevel gear G1, and the drive gear D2 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the bevel gear G2. The bevel gears G1 and G2 on both sides mesh with the reverse planetary gear assembly E.

[0030] During normal driving and turning operations in farmland, the locking component F is in the released state, and the reversing planetary gear assembly E can rotate freely, maintaining the normal differential driving characteristics of the whole machine; when the operator turns the steering wheel, the front and rear steering wheels are driven to turn synchronously through the mechanical linkage of the front steering tie rod S1, the rear steering tie rod S2 and the longitudinal linkage, thus completing four-wheel steering.

[0031] When a narrow space is needed to turn around in the field, the locking component F is operated to lock and fix the reverse planetary gear assembly E. The reverse planetary gear assembly E cannot rotate on its own, which forces the bevel gears G1 and G2 on both sides to generate reverse transmission. One side of the drive wheel moves forward and the other side of the drive wheel moves backward, and the whole machine rotates in place, realizing a 360° turn to the left and right without deviation.

[0032] The four-wheel drive front-steering version is compatible with rear-mounted implements, and the linkage mechanism enables the front wheels to lead the steering and the rear wheels to follow suit. The four-wheel drive rear-steering version is compatible with front-mounted implements, and the adjustable steering tie rod allows the wheels to be in an inverted V-shape, which, together with the reverse lock, allows for a U-turn on the spot. The six-wheel drive front and rear-steering version achieves six-wheel drive + four-wheel steering, resulting in stronger load-bearing and off-road performance.

[0033] The key transmission pairs of the whole machine adopt high-precision gear meshing, the bushing is equipped with wear-resistant bushings, and the outer shell is sealed to prevent dust and mud. It is not easy to wear and failure during long-term field operation and has a long service life. 1.6 Description of the attached figures

[0035] Figure 1: Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the invention (overall layout diagram of six-wheel drive front and rear steering);

[0036] Figure 2: Disassembled structural diagram of the gear transmission of the present invention (assembly diagram of differential, reduction, drive and reverse gear sets);

[0037] Figure 3: Schematic diagram of the four-wheel drive front steering mechanism of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4: Schematic diagram of the four-wheel drive rear steering mechanism and the stationary U-turn posture of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5: Cross-sectional view of the reverse planetary gear assembly of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle turning device for making a U-turn on the spot, characterized in that: The system includes a power input gear A (i.e., the power output gears after torque conversion in each gear of the walking tractor), differential gear sets B1 / B2, double reduction gear sets C1 / C2, drive gears D1 / D2, coaxial bevel gears G1 / G2, a reversing planetary gear assembly E, a locking component F, a steering linkage mechanism, and front and rear steering wheel sets. The power input gear A meshes with the planetary bevel gears inside the differential, and the power is split to the differential gear sets B1 and B2. The differential gear sets B1 and B2 respectively transmit power to the double reduction gear sets C1 and C2, and then engage with the drive gears D1 and D2. The drive gears D1 are coaxially fixed to the bevel gear G1, and the drive gear D2 is coaxially fixed to the bevel gear G2. Both bevel gears G1 and G2 mesh with the reversing planetary gear assembly E. The reversing planetary gear assembly E is equipped with a locking component F that can switch between locking and releasing.

2. A vehicle turning device for making a U-turn as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In non-stationary turning conditions, locking component F releases the reverse planetary gear assembly E, which moves freely, enabling the machine to achieve conventional differential driving and four-wheel synchronous steering. In stationary U-turn conditions, locking component F locks the reverse planetary gear assembly E and restricts its rotation, causing the left and right wheels to form reverse power transmission, with one wheel moving forward and the other wheel moving backward, enabling the machine to rotate 360° left and right without deviation.

3. A vehicle turning device for making a U-turn as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes three adaptation structures: a six-wheel drive front and rear steering system, a four-wheel drive front steering system, and a four-wheel drive rear steering system. The six-wheel drive front and rear steering system transmits power to the left and right front and rear steering wheels respectively through the drive shaft, realizing six-wheel drive combined with four-wheel synchronous steering. The four-wheel drive front steering system is adapted to the rear-mounted implement of the tractor and realizes the front wheel steering through the steering linkage mechanism. The four-wheel drive rear steering system is adapted to the front-mounted implement of the tractor. The adjustable steering tie rod makes the left and right steering wheels in an inverted V-shape and tangent to the steering center circle. It works with the locking component F to lock the reverse planetary gear assembly E to complete the turn on the spot.

4. A vehicle turning device for making a U-turn as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The steering linkage mechanism consists of a front steering tie rod S1, a rear steering tie rod S2, and a longitudinal link. It adopts a purely mechanical rigid linkage structure to achieve synchronous deflection of the front and rear steering wheels for four-wheel steering.

5. A vehicle turning device for making a U-turn in place according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each gear and drive shaft is made of high-strength alloy steel or wear-resistant cast iron, and wear-resistant bushings are installed at the rotating mating positions. The housing is equipped with a sealed dustproof and mudproof structure.

Images