An environmental monitoring device for marine ecological restoration engineering

Abstract

This invention discloses an environmental monitoring device for marine ecological restoration projects, belonging to the technical field of monitoring equipment. The device includes: an outer chamber with collection holes on the outer wall and filter holes at the bottom, housing a power mechanism; an isolation chamber located at the bottom of the outer chamber, whose capacity is periodically reduced and then increased by the power mechanism to achieve drainage and create negative pressure; a collection hopper driven by the power mechanism to rotate around the outer wall of the outer chamber to scrape and collect floating debris, which enters the isolation chamber through the collection holes; and a baffle that closes the filter holes with an elastic element, is pushed open by water pressure during drainage, and has an extension to guide the discharged water to form an upward jet that acts on the bottom of the collection hopper. This invention efficiently integrates floating debris collection, drainage, negative pressure maintenance, and self-cleaning functions, significantly improving the device's operating efficiency and reliability, reducing debris accumulation and equipment wear, and ensuring the accuracy of monitoring data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of monitoring equipment technology, and specifically relates to an environmental monitoring device for marine ecological restoration projects. Background Technology

[0002] Marine ecological restoration projects are systematic governance efforts targeting pollution and ecological degradation in nearshore waters. Nearshore areas, as the intersection of human activities and marine ecology, face multiple challenges, including the accumulation of floating debris, abnormal algal blooms, and fluctuations in water quality indicators. Marine ecological restoration environmental monitoring devices, as a core technological support, can collect key parameters such as water temperature, salinity, turbidity, chlorophyll concentration, and floating debris density in real time. This provides accurate data for optimizing restoration plans and evaluating treatment effectiveness, making it a crucial infrastructure for ensuring the scientific advancement of ecological restoration projects.

[0003] Existing marine environmental monitoring equipment suffers from functional fragmentation and inefficiency: most devices focus only on collecting a single water quality parameter, lacking an integrated design for active collection of floating debris and self-cleaning of the equipment. Domestic waste and algal residues in nearshore areas easily adhere to the equipment surface or clog monitoring channels, leading to sensor data deviations and equipment malfunctions. Traditional drainage and negative pressure formation mechanisms operate independently, with poor baffle sealing reliability, making it difficult to maintain a stable negative pressure environment and efficiently clean residual debris inside the chamber. At the same time, existing collection structures are mostly single units, with collection and cleaning actions not synchronized, resulting in low floating debris collection efficiency. This makes it difficult to adapt to the complex pollution scenarios in nearshore waters, and long-term operation can easily reduce the equipment's lifespan due to debris accumulation, restricting the continuity and accuracy of ecological restoration monitoring work.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention achieves a breakthrough in the functionality and reliability of monitoring equipment through a jet-assisted self-cleaning and integrated workflow design. Its main technical advantages are: firstly, it utilizes drainage pressure difference to generate a directional jet, actively cleaning the inner wall of the collection hopper, fundamentally solving the problem of easy clogging of the collection device itself; secondly, it creatively integrates a "collection-pressurized jet-negative pressure" cyclic workflow, achieving intelligent synergy between monitoring and self-cleaning, ensuring long-term data accuracy; and thirdly, it optimizes the guide hole and flow channel structure, reducing equipment operating resistance while improving cleaning and collection efficiency. This invention deeply integrates online cleaning functionality into the monitoring task, significantly improving the long-term operational stability and data reliability of the equipment in complex near-shore environments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide an environmental monitoring device for marine ecological restoration projects, which has efficient integrated functions of floating debris collection, drainage, negative pressure maintenance and self-cleaning, significantly improving the device's operating efficiency and reliability, reducing debris accumulation and equipment wear, and ensuring the accuracy of monitoring data.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the above objectives is as follows: An environmental monitoring device for marine ecological restoration projects includes: an outer chamber with collection holes on the outer wall and filter holes on the bottom, and a built-in power mechanism; an isolation chamber located at the bottom inside the outer chamber, whose capacity is periodically reduced and then increased by the power mechanism to achieve drainage and create negative pressure; a collection bucket driven by the power mechanism to rotate around the outer wall of the outer chamber to scrape and collect floating debris, which enters the isolation chamber through the collection holes; and a baffle that closes the filter holes with an elastic element, is pushed open by water pressure during drainage, and has an extension to guide the discharged water to form an upward jet that acts on the bottom of the collection bucket.

[0007] Preferably, an annular jet channel is formed between the extension and the outer wall of the outer compartment; when the isolation chamber is drained, the discharged water forms an upward jet through this jet channel.

[0008] Preferably, the power mechanism drives the connection of the pressure plate, and the isolation cavity is formed below the pressure plate. The pressure plate adjusts the capacity of the isolation cavity by making lifting and lowering movements.

[0009] Preferably, the pressure plate is driven by a lifting structure, which includes a cam that is connected to the power mechanism for transmission, and a linkage assembly that converts the rotational motion of the cam into the linear lifting motion of the pressure plate.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes a rotating bulkhead disposed on the inner side of the outer compartment, the rotating bulkhead having an opening; the rotating bulkhead is driven to rotate by a power mechanism to control the alignment or misalignment of the opening and the collection hole, and the pressure plate divides the internal space of the rotating bulkhead into an upper installation cavity and a lower isolation cavity.

[0011] Preferably, the power mechanism is configured to cyclically perform the following steps: driving the collection hopper to collect floating objects, driving the pressure plate to press down to drain water and form a jet, and driving the pressure plate to rise to form negative pressure to restore the collection space.

[0012] Preferably, the collecting hopper is fan-shaped, with multiple through holes for drainage on its wall surface, and the top of the extension is located below the moving path of the collecting hopper, so that the jet can pass through the through holes at the bottom from bottom to top.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes a scraper, and the collecting hopper is fixed on the scraper; the scraper is connected to the power mechanism through a support rod and is driven to rotate by the power mechanism.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a sliding ring, which is connected to the support rod and rotatably fitted onto the outer cabin to support the rotation of the scraper and the collection hopper.

[0015] Preferably, the power mechanism includes: a toothed plate; a toothed ring meshing with the toothed plate, the toothed ring being connected to a support rod to drive the scraper and the collecting hopper to rotate.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following advantages: By periodically raising and lowering the pressure plate and coordinating with the baffle extension, an upward jet is automatically generated using the drainage pressure difference, realizing online active cleaning of the collection hopper and effectively solving the core problem of easy clogging of the collection device; the inclined guide holes at a specific angle on the fan-shaped collection hopper convert the fluid resistance during rotation into fluid power with a lift effect, significantly reducing driving energy consumption and preventing material overflow, thus improving endurance and collection efficiency; the added elastic connecting extrusion plate can adaptively and flexibly extrude and micro-crush complex collected materials, greatly improving the solid-liquid separation effect, and the squeezed water can replenish the jet water source, realizing resource recycling; the overall workflow integrates collection, pressurized jet, and negative pressure recovery into an intelligent and coordinated cyclic process, realizing integrated and efficient operation of monitoring, collection, and self-cleaning functions under a single power source, ensuring the long-term accuracy of data acquisition and the reliability of equipment operation in harsh environments such as polar regions. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a top view of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an exploded cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of region A in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the support rod and the sliding ring; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the through-hole structure in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure plate structure in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0018] Reference numerals: Outer compartment 1; Collection hole 11; Filter hole 12; Collection hopper 2; Bottom guide hole 21; Top guide hole 22; Tail guide hole 23; Baffle 3; Bottom 31; Extension 32; Pressure plate 4; Squeezing disc 41; Elastic element 42; Protrusion 43; Clearance groove 50; Cam 51; Linkage assembly: Swing rod 52; First rotating block 53; Second rotating block 54; Rotating partition 6; Through port 61; Scraper 7; Support rod 71; Sliding ring 81; Toothed plate 82; Toothed ring 83; Rotating ring 84; Main control compartment 9; Motor 91; Rotating shaft 92. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings: Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1: See appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 3 This application proposes an environmental monitoring device for marine ecological restoration projects. Through its integrated design, the device effectively solves the problems of functional fragmentation and inefficiency in existing technologies. It includes an outer chamber 1 with collection holes 11 on its outer wall and filter holes 12 at its bottom, and houses a built-in power mechanism. An isolation chamber is located at the bottom of the outer chamber 1, and its capacity is periodically reduced and then increased by the power mechanism to achieve drainage and create negative pressure. Furthermore, the device includes a collection hopper 2, driven by the power mechanism to rotate around the outer wall of the outer chamber 1, used to scrape and collect floating debris, allowing it to enter the isolation chamber through the collection holes 11. Simultaneously, the device also includes a baffle 3, which closes the filter holes 12 with an elastic element. During drainage, the baffle is pushed open by water pressure and has an extension 32 to guide the discharged water to form an upward jet that acts on the bottom of the collection hopper 2, thereby achieving efficient floating debris collection and equipment self-cleaning.

[0021] An anchor frame is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer cabin 1, and a top plate is fixedly installed at the top of the outer cabin 1. A slot is opened in the middle of the top plate, and the main control cabin 9 is fixedly installed inside the slot. The main control cabin 9 is equipped with a motor 91. The side wall of the main control cabin 9 has holes for the rotating shaft 92 to pass through. The motor 91 is powered by the rotating shaft 92 passing through the side wall of the main control cabin 9. A support frame is fixedly installed at the top of the top plate, and a wind vane and a signal transmitter are fixedly installed at the top of the support frame. The top plate is connected to the solar panel through a connecting rod, which is fixedly installed at the top of the top plate. Various sensors are installed on the outer wall of the outer cabin 1 and the support frame.

[0022] In this implementation plan: When the detection equipment is used for testing, it is first fixed in a designated sea area using an anchor frame. Then, various sensors installed on the outer wall of the outer compartment 1 and the support frame collect and monitor various indices of the sea area. Finally, a signal transmitter sends the information to the nearest monitoring station. Because algae grow and reproduce in the water, some algae release toxic substances that may harm marine life. In some cases, algae may adhere to the monitoring equipment, easily causing corrosion or damage to the equipment surface and affecting the accuracy of the collected information, thus increasing the equipment's lifespan and detection effectiveness. Therefore, this invention includes a scraping structure to remove floating debris from the outer wall of the outer compartment 1 and the surrounding area. This scraping structure removes floating debris from the outer wall of the outer compartment 1 and collects it, preventing corrosion or damage to the equipment surface.

[0023] This embodiment integrates floating debris collection, drainage, negative pressure formation, and the self-cleaning function of the collection hopper 2 into a single design, effectively solving the problems of fragmented functions and insufficient efficiency in existing monitoring equipment. The device utilizes the periodic change in the isolation chamber capacity to achieve efficient drainage and negative pressure collection. Simultaneously, it cleverly guides the drainage through the extension 32 of the baffle 3 to form an upward jet, actively cleaning the bottom of the collection hopper 2. This prevents debris adhesion and clogging, ensuring the accuracy of sensor data and long-term stable operation of the equipment, significantly improving monitoring efficiency and reliability in complex pollution scenarios in nearshore waters.

[0024] An annular jet channel is formed between the extension 32 and the outer wall of the outer compartment 1; when the isolation chamber is drained, the discharged water forms an upward jet through this jet channel.

[0025] Specifically, the annular jet channel refers to a continuous annular space reserved or constructed between the outer edge of the extension 32 and the inner wall of the outer compartment 1, providing a restricted and guided path for drainage. When the isolation chamber performs drainage operations, the water inside is discharged through the filter holes 12 under the action of the power mechanism. As the baffle 3 is pushed open by water pressure, and an annular jet channel is formed between the extension 32 and the outer wall of the outer compartment 1, the discharged water is forcibly guided and flows through this annular channel. During the flow through the channel, the water flow is constrained and guided by the channel wall, ensuring that the discharged water flow can be effectively converged and accelerated, forming a stable and highly directional upward jet. This jet can accurately act on the bottom of the collection hopper 2, thereby significantly improving the flushing and removal efficiency of the deposits on the bottom of the collection hopper 2 and avoiding the problems of water flow dispersion or insufficient force. In addition, the design of the annular channel also helps to maintain the uniformity of the jet, ensuring that the bottom of the collection hopper 2 is thoroughly cleaned, thereby improving the operational reliability and maintenance convenience of the entire device.

[0026] The extension 32 is an annular plate, and the gap between its inner circumferential surface and the outer wall of the outer compartment 1 forms a jet channel, with the gap width gradually decreasing from top to bottom. By aligning with the upward flow of water, the gradually widening channel reduces resistance along the flow path, allowing the water discharged through the filter holes 12 to more smoothly converge and form a jet, improving the drainage efficiency of the isolation chamber and facilitating the rapid formation of negative pressure to restore collection capacity. Simultaneously, the widening structure allows the jet to gradually diffuse during its ascent, perfectly matching the arc-shaped bottom and through-hole distribution of the fan-shaped collection hopper 2, achieving uniform coverage of the entire bottom of the collection hopper 2 and avoiding blind spots in localized rinsing. Furthermore, the velocity gradient formed by the water flow within the widening channel gives the jet a "strong impact at the center, full coverage at the edges" characteristic, effectively removing stubborn debris adhering to the inner wall of the collection hopper 2 and carrying away fine particles remaining in the through-holes, significantly improving the self-cleaning effect of the collection hopper 2. Moreover, this structure requires no additional power components, relying entirely on fluid characteristics to optimize the jet morphology, highly consistent with the original device's "integrated power mechanism drive" design concept. Without increasing system complexity, it simultaneously enhances the overall operational efficiency of drainage, cleaning, and negative pressure restoration.

[0027] A power mechanism drives a pressure plate 4, with an isolation chamber formed below it. The pressure plate 4 adjusts the capacity of the isolation chamber by moving up and down. By introducing a pressure plate 4 driven by a power mechanism and positioning the isolation chamber below it, the up-and-down movement of the pressure plate 4 directly and precisely adjusts the capacity of the isolation chamber. This design ensures that changes in the isolation chamber capacity are no longer indirect or ambiguous, but rather achieved through the deterministic movement of mechanical components. When the pressure plate 4 descends, the volume of the isolation chamber decreases, effectively discharging water and pushing the baffle 3 to form a jet. When the pressure plate 4 rises, the volume of the isolation chamber increases, creating negative pressure within the chamber, thus efficiently drawing in floating debris. This direct and controllable capacity adjustment significantly improves the efficiency and stability of the device's drainage and negative pressure generation, ensuring the effective collection and treatment of floating debris under different operating conditions by the marine ecological restoration project's environmental monitoring device, and avoiding problems of low monitoring efficiency or functional failure due to inaccurate capacity control.

[0028] The pressure plate 4 is driven by a lifting structure, which includes a cam 51 that is connected to the power mechanism for transmission, and a linkage assembly that converts the rotational motion of the cam 51 into the linear lifting motion of the pressure plate 4.

[0029] The device also includes a rotating bulkhead 6 disposed inside the outer compartment 1, the rotating bulkhead 6 having an opening 61. The rotating bulkhead 6 is driven to rotate by a power mechanism to control the alignment or misalignment of the opening 61 with the collection hole 11. The pressure plate 4 divides the internal space of the rotating bulkhead 6 into an upper mounting cavity and a lower isolation cavity.

[0030] The rotating bulkhead 6 is annular in structure and rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the outer compartment 1. Its main function is to act as a controllable gate, managing the path of floating debris into the isolation chamber through its rotational movement. The pre-set opening 61 on the rotating bulkhead 6 matches the shape and size of the collection hole 11 on the outer compartment 1. When floating debris needs to be collected, the power mechanism drives the rotating bulkhead 6 to rotate, aligning its opening 61 with the collection hole 11, thus forming an open channel that allows floating debris to pass smoothly and fall into the isolation chamber below. Conversely, when collection is not required or when operations such as drainage or negative pressure creation are needed, the power mechanism drives the rotating bulkhead 6 to rotate, misaligning the opening 61 with the collection hole 11. In this case, the solid part of the rotating bulkhead 6 completely covers the collection hole 11, effectively sealing it. This design allows the pressure plate 4 to use the rotating bulkhead 6 as its upper boundary when it is lifting, thus clearly dividing the interior space of the outer compartment 1 into two main areas: the space above the rotating bulkhead 6 can serve as a temporary installation cavity or buffer area for floating objects, while the space below the rotating bulkhead 6 and defined by the pressure plate 4 forms an isolation cavity.

[0031] Through the above technical solution, this application can achieve precise control over the process of floating objects entering the isolation chamber. When the device is in collection mode, the opening 61 of the rotating baffle 6 is aligned with the collection hole 11 to ensure that floating objects can enter smoothly. During operation stages such as drainage or negative pressure formation, the rotating baffle 6 closes the collection hole 11 by offset, effectively preventing the backflow of external water or collected floating objects, thereby avoiding unnecessary leakage and ensuring the stability of the internal pressure of the isolation chamber and the efficiency of negative pressure formation. This controllable feeding mechanism significantly improves the adaptability and reliability of the device in different working modes, optimizes the sealing performance of the isolation chamber, and thus ensures the stable operation of the environmental monitoring device for the entire marine ecological restoration project and the accuracy of data acquisition. The power mechanism is configured to cyclically execute the following steps: drive the collection bucket 2 to collect floating objects, drive the pressure plate 4 to press down to drain water and form a jet, and drive the pressure plate 4 to rise to form negative pressure to restore the collection space.

[0032] Specifically, the power mechanism is designed to automatically and repeatedly execute a series of operational steps according to a preset program or logic. This configuration ensures that the device can continuously perform tasks such as floating debris collection, drainage, and negative pressure formation with little or no intervention, thereby achieving automated and intelligent operation of the device.

[0033] During the process of collecting floating debris using the collection bucket 2, the power mechanism drives the collection bucket 2 to rotate around the outer wall of the outer chamber 1 via mechanical transmission components, such as the toothed plate 82 and toothed ring 83. During rotation, the edge of the collection bucket 2 or the scraper 7 effectively scrapes away and collects floating debris on the water surface. This debris then enters the isolation chamber through the collection holes 11 on the outer wall of the outer chamber 1. This process ensures the cleanliness of the water surface, providing a favorable environment for subsequent monitoring and remediation work.

[0034] When the process of driving the pressure plate 4 to press down and drain water to form a jet is performed, the power mechanism drives the pressure plate 4 to move downward. Since the isolation chamber is formed below the pressure plate 4, the downward movement of the pressure plate 4 reduces the volume of the isolation chamber, thereby discharging the water in the isolation chamber through the filter holes 12. During the drainage process, the water pressure pushes open the baffle 3, and the discharged water is guided by the extension 32 of the baffle 3 to form an upward jet. This jet not only helps to completely drain the water in the isolation chamber, but also has a flushing effect on the bottom of the collection hopper 2, preventing floating objects or dirt from accumulating at the bottom of the collection hopper 2.

[0035] Subsequently, during the process of raising the pressure plate 4 to create negative pressure and restore the collection space, the power mechanism drives the pressure plate 4 upward. The upward movement of the pressure plate 4 increases the volume of the isolation chamber, thereby creating negative pressure within it. This negative pressure draws floating debris or materials to be collected from the surrounding water into the isolation chamber, preparing space for the next collection operation. Simultaneously, the formation of negative pressure also helps the device operate stably in the underwater environment and improves collection efficiency.

[0036] In this embodiment, a negative pressure system is used to solve the problem of water residue and pollution blockage in the gap between the baffle 3 of the extension section 32 and the outer chamber 1. Because there is a certain gap between the extension section 32 and the outer chamber 1, water containing microplastics and algal spores easily remains in the gap after the jet stops. Long-term stagnation can lead to biofilm growth and sediment deposition, causing blockage of the jet channel and affecting the stable output of the jet. In this solution, when the collection bucket 2 rotates to the position communicating with the collection hole 11, the pressure plate 4 presses down to create negative pressure at the collection hole 11. This negative pressure is rapidly transmitted through the gap in the extension section 32, drawing the residual water and pollutants into the chamber, achieving automatic cleaning of the gap. This design requires no additional sensors, cleaning devices, or power systems; the self-cleaning process can be completed solely through the synergistic effect of the existing structure. This not only ensures the continuous unobstructed flow of the jet channel but also reduces the maintenance requirements and operating costs of the equipment. Simultaneously, the extension section 32 undergoes slight elastic deformation under negative pressure, further cleaning stubborn pollutants adhering to the gap and ensuring long-term cleanliness of the gap, achieving a balance between structural optimization and functional improvement.

[0037] The collection hopper 2 is fan-shaped, with multiple drainage holes on its walls. The top of the extension 32 is located below the movement path of the collection hopper 2, allowing the jet to flow upwards through the bottom holes. Specifically, the collection hopper 2 is designed in a fan-shaped form, meaning its planar profile is a fan-shaped ring. This structure allows the collection hopper 2 to better conform to the inner or outer wall of the outer compartment 1 during rotation, thereby efficiently scraping and collecting floating debris. The fan-shaped design not only optimizes the collection space but also allows the collection hopper 2 to maintain a stable posture during rotation and helps guide water flow and floating debris in a specific direction. Simultaneously, the walls of the collection hopper 2, including its bottom, inner and outer walls, and tail, are provided with multiple drainage holes, designed to allow water inside the collection hopper 2 to drain smoothly after collecting floating debris, while effectively trapping target floating debris. This avoids additional load on the collection hopper 2 due to water accumulation, ensures smooth rotational drive, and provides a path for water flow for subsequent jet cleaning. Furthermore, the top of the extension 32 is precisely positioned below the path of movement formed by the collection hopper 2 as it rotates around the outer wall of the outer compartment 1. This positional relationship ensures that the extension 32 will never mechanically interfere with the rotating collection hopper 2, thus guaranteeing the normal operation of the device. Simultaneously, this arrangement provides the necessary space and conditions for the jet to act on the collection hopper 2 from below. When the isolation chamber drains, the upward jet guided by the extension 32 can precisely act on the bottom of the collection hopper 2. Since the bottom of the collection hopper 2 has through holes, the jet can pass through these through holes from bottom to top, directly impacting the internal space of the collection hopper 2. This bottom-up flushing method can effectively remove small floating objects, sediments, or biofilms attached to the inner wall or bottom of the collection hopper 2, ensuring the cleanliness of the collection hopper 2. Through the above technical solution, the collection hopper 2 is designed in a fan-shaped form, with multiple through holes on its wall surface for drainage. Combined with the top of the extension 32 being located below the path of movement of the collection hopper 2, the upward jet formed during drainage can pass through the through holes at the bottom of the collection hopper 2 from bottom to top. This design ensures that the jet effectively flushes the inside of the collection hopper 2, removing fine floating debris and dirt that may adhere to the inner wall or bottom, thus avoiding problems such as floating debris residue and water accumulation. The fan-shaped collection hopper 2 not only ensures collection efficiency but also provides the structural basis for the effective action of the jet. Therefore, this solution significantly improves the self-cleaning ability and drainage efficiency of the collection hopper 2, ensuring the collection performance and environmental monitoring accuracy of the device during long-term operation.

[0038] In this embodiment, the upward jet generated by the extension 32, in synergy with the fan-ring collecting hopper, achieves multi-stage efficient utilization of jet energy, significantly improving the collection efficiency of floating objects. In this scheme, after the upward jet generated by the extension 32 impacts the bottom of the fan-ring collecting hopper 2, it enters the interior of the collecting hopper 2 through the bottom through-hole, forming a complete energy transfer path of external impact scraping, internal circulation entrainment, and directional entry into the chamber through the collection hole 11, ensuring full utilization of jet energy. The internal circulation can flow along the arc-shaped inner wall of the fan-ring collecting hopper 2, driving the floating objects deposited at the bottom of the collecting hopper 2 to continuously move upwards. Combined with the tight fit between the fan-ring collecting hopper 2 and the outer chamber 1, it effectively prevents floating objects from leaking through gaps, significantly enhancing the capture capacity of lightweight, sinking floating objects. Simultaneously, the jet creates a continuous high-speed scouring effect when passing through the bottom through-hole, carrying away impurities such as mud and sand deposited at the bottom of the collecting hopper 2, ensuring the smooth operation of the collecting hopper 2 for long-term use, solving the potential for sediment blockage in the fan-ring hollow structure, and achieving a technological upgrade of the jet function from simple external scraping to coordinated internal and external collection.

[0039] The device also includes a scraper 7, and the collection hopper 2 is fixed on the scraper 7; the scraper 7 is connected to the power mechanism through the support rod 71 and is driven to rotate by it.

[0040] See appendix Figure 4 - Appendix Figure 6 The main control compartment 9 is fixedly installed in the center of the outer compartment 1. The power mechanism includes a motor 91 installed in the main control compartment 9. The output shaft of the motor 91 is connected to a rotating shaft 92 passing through the side wall of the main control compartment 9 via a coupling. The rotating shaft 92 is supported by bearings installed on the side wall of the main control compartment 9. The power mechanism also includes a sliding ring 81, which is fixedly connected to the support rod 71 and rotatably sleeved on the outer compartment 1. Specifically, it is sleeved on the upper edge of the outer compartment 1 through a guide structure and can rotate axially to support the rotation of the scraper 7 and the collection hopper 2. The power mechanism also includes a toothed plate 82, a toothed ring 83, and a rotating ring 84. The toothed plate 82 meshes with the toothed ring 83. The toothed plate 82 is located on the outside of the main control compartment 9 and is coaxially fixed with the rotating shaft 92. The two can rotate synchronously. The rotating ring 84 is sleeved on the outside of the main control compartment 9 and can rotate axially. It is fixed to the sliding ring 81 by the support rod 71. An annular guide rail is fixed on the outside of the main control compartment 9 for installing and supporting the rotating ring 84. The bottom of the rotating ring 84 is fixed to the toothed ring 83. The motor 91 can drive the toothed plate 82 to rotate through the rotating shaft 92. Through the meshing relationship, the toothed ring 83 and the rotating ring 84 fixed thereto rotate. Thus, the support rod 71 drives the sliding ring 81, the collection bucket 2, and the scraper 7 to rotate relative to the outer compartment 1, realizing the functions of collection bucket 2 collection, scraping by scraper 7, and opening collection hole 11.

[0041] The pressure plate 4 is provided with a clearance groove 50. The linkage assembly includes a rocker arm 52, a first rotating block 53, and a second rotating block 54. The cam 51 is fixed to the rotating shaft 92 at an eccentric position. One end of the first rotating block 53 is fixed to the cam 51, and the other end is rotatably connected to one end of the rocker arm 52. The other end of the rocker arm is connected to the clearance groove 50 through the second rotating block 54. When the power structure is running, the rotating shaft 92 drives the cam 51 to rotate. The cam 51 causes the rocker arm 52 to move up and down relative to the clearance groove 50 through the first rotating block 53. At the same time, the rocker arm 52 drives the pressure plate 4 to move up and down through the second rotating block 54 connected to the bottom. This structural design allows the scraping and collection action and the lifting action of the pressure plate 4 after drainage to be performed alternately. Only one power source is needed, and no complex control logic is required to achieve the linkage between the power structure and the lifting of the pressure plate 4.

[0042] The following example will provide a more detailed explanation of the above technical solution: In a marine ecological restoration project area, an environmental monitoring device for the project is deployed. The device has a collection port 11 on the outer wall of its outer casing, a filter port 12 at the bottom, and a power mechanism inside. After the device is started, the power mechanism begins to cycle through preset procedures.

[0043] First, during the floating debris collection stage, the power mechanism drives the toothed plate 82, which meshes with the toothed ring 83. The toothed ring 83 is connected to the support rod 71 via a rotating ring 84. The support rod 71 drives the scraper 7 fixed thereon to rotate, and a fan-shaped collection bucket 2 is fixed on the scraper 7. Supported by the sliding ring 81, the collection bucket 2 rotates smoothly around the outer wall of the outer chamber 1, scraping away floating debris from the water surface. Simultaneously, the power mechanism drives the rotating baffle 6 located inside the outer chamber 1 to rotate, aligning the opening 61 on the rotating baffle 6 with the collection hole 11 on the outer wall of the outer chamber 1. At this time, the floating debris scraped by the collection bucket 2 enters the isolation cavity formed below the pressure plate 4 through the collection hole 11 and the opening 61. This active scraping and collection method of floating debris solves the problem of existing equipment lacking active floating debris collection function and avoids the accumulation of floating debris on the equipment surface.

[0044] Once a certain amount of floating debris has been collected in the isolation chamber, the device enters the drainage and self-cleaning stage. A power mechanism drives a lifting structure, which includes a cam 51 connected to the power mechanism and a linkage assembly that converts the rotational motion of the cam 51 into the linear lifting motion of the pressure plate 4. The linkage assembly drives the pressure plate 4 downwards, reducing the capacity of the isolation chamber. The water inside the isolation chamber is compressed, increasing the water pressure. When the water pressure reaches a certain level, the baffle 3, which closes the filter holes 12 via an elastic element, is pushed open by the water pressure, and the water inside the isolation chamber is discharged through the filter holes 12. The baffle 3 has an extension 32, forming an annular jet channel between the extension 32 and the outer wall of the outer chamber 1. The discharged water is guided through this jet channel, forming an upward jet. The collection hopper 2 is fan-shaped, with multiple through holes for drainage on its wall surface. The top of the extension 32 is located below the moving path of the collection hopper 2. Therefore, this upward jet can pass through the through holes at the bottom of the collection hopper 2 from bottom to top, flushing and cleaning the inner wall of the collection hopper 2. This design, which utilizes the pressure difference of drainage to generate a directional jet to actively clean the inner wall of the collection hopper 2, effectively solves the problems of easy clogging and difficulty in self-cleaning in existing collection devices, ensuring collection efficiency and the accuracy of monitoring data. Compared to traditional equipment where floating objects easily adhere and cause sensor data deviation, this device maintains the cleanliness of the equipment surface through the jet self-cleaning function.

[0045] After drainage is completed, the device enters the negative pressure formation and space recovery stage. The power mechanism drives the pressure plate 4 to move upward, gradually increasing the capacity of the isolation chamber and thus creating negative pressure within it. Simultaneously, the power mechanism drives the rotating baffle 6 to rotate, misaligning the opening 61 with the collection hole 11, sealing the isolation chamber and preventing external water or floating debris from re-entering. The resulting negative pressure helps to draw in and discharge any remaining fine debris or water droplets within the isolation chamber, further ensuring its thorough cleaning. The pressure plate 4 adjusts the capacity of the isolation chamber through its lifting and lowering motion, achieving a periodic decrease followed by an increase in capacity, thereby stably completing drainage and negative pressure formation. This integrated collection, pressurized jet, and negative pressure cyclical workflow achieves intelligent synergy between monitoring and self-cleaning, ensuring long-term data accuracy and overcoming the problems of independent operation of drainage and negative pressure formation mechanisms, poor baffle sealing reliability, and difficulty in maintaining a stable negative pressure environment in existing technologies.

[0046] Through the above-mentioned cyclic process, the environmental monitoring device of this marine ecological restoration project has achieved active collection of floating debris, efficient self-cleaning, and a stable negative pressure environment. It effectively solves the problems of functional fragmentation, insufficient efficiency, easy clogging, and data deviation of existing equipment, and ensures the continuity and accuracy of monitoring work.

[0047] Example 2: See appendix Figure 7Based on Embodiment 1 of the present invention, the through hole includes a bottom guide hole 21 disposed at the bottom and a top guide hole 22 disposed at the top, with the opening direction of the guide hole facing the inner tail of the collection hopper 2.

[0048] The axis of the bottom guide hole 21 is inclined upward at 15°-30° relative to the horizontal plane, and the axis of the top guide hole 22 is inclined downward at 15°-30° relative to the horizontal plane. The extension lines of the two intersect in the preset area at the inner tail of the collection hopper 2.

[0049] The through hole also includes a tail guide hole 23 opened at the tail of the collection hopper 2. The tail guide hole 23 is a horizontal elongated hole with its opening facing downward at the tail of the collection hopper 2.

[0050] First, during the rotational collection phase, this embodiment converts fluid resistance into controllable hydrodynamic force, achieving proactive optimization of energy consumption and improved collection efficiency. The specific backward tilt of the top guide hole 22 in this design precisely utilizes the centrifugal force field generated when the collection bucket 2 rotates. It guides the internal water flow to spray downwards and backwards in a set direction. The reaction force generated by this spray produces an upward hydrodynamic lift, partially offsetting the gravity load of the collection mechanism itself, thereby significantly reducing the torque requirement of the drive motor 91 and achieving dynamic energy recovery and load reduction during movement. Simultaneously, the combined force of this directional flow and centrifugal force constrains and concentrates the floating debris in the bucket towards the inner tail and collection hole 11, fundamentally solving the problem of floating debris overflowing from the top due to centrifugal force in traditional designs, ensuring collection efficiency.

[0051] Secondly, this technical solution establishes a dual cleaning mechanism through the synergy of time, space, and flow field. Specifically, when the equipment enters the cleaning stage, a high-pressure jet impacts the outside of the collection hopper 2 from the bottom upwards. At this time, the upward-sloping guide hole 21 at the bottom becomes an active guiding channel for the high-energy jet to enter the hopper, directly delivering some of the cleaning kinetic energy to the attachment points of stubborn dirt on the inner wall. Meanwhile, the downward-sloping guide hole 22 at the top cooperates with the bottom jet inlet to generate a strong internal vortex or circulation in the pre-set confluence area at the tail of the collection hopper 2. This internal circulation performs a secondary scouring of the hopper wall and, in conjunction with the large-sized strip-shaped tail guide hole 23, forms a highly efficient cleaning closed loop of bottom jet injection, internal circulation stirring, and high-flow discharge at the tail. The tail guide hole 23 not only ensures the complete discharge of dirt, but its continuous downward water flow also continuously scouring the orifice itself, effectively preventing the deposition and blockage of algae and silt. This mechanism achieves full coverage from external surface scraping to internal channel self-cleaning, with a cleaning thoroughness far exceeding that of a single external rinsing mode.

[0052] Example 3: See appendix Figure 8Based on Embodiment 1 of the present invention, the bottom of the pressure plate 4 is connected to the extrusion plate 41 by an elastic member, and the extrusion plate 41 rises and falls synchronously with the pressure plate 4; when the extrusion plate 41 contacts the collected material on the bottom surface of the outer cabin 1, the elastic member is deformed by pressure, and the pressure plate 4 can continue to move downward relative to the extrusion plate 41.

[0053] The elastic element is a circumferentially distributed elastic element 42. After the extrusion disc 41 extrudes and dehydrates the collected material, the water is discharged through the filter hole 12 at the bottom of the outer chamber 1.

[0054] The lower surface of the extrusion disc 41 is provided with a friction enhancement structure to increase the friction with the collected material and prevent the collected material from sliding relative to each other during the extrusion process.

[0055] The friction enhancement structure consists of protrusions 43 on the lower surface of the extrusion disc 41. The protrusions 43 are circumferentially distributed dots, which are used to increase the contact friction with the collected material.

[0056] First, this design significantly improves the solid-liquid separation effect for complex compositions of collected materials through elastic connections and optimized surface structure. The extrusion disc 41 is connected to the pressure plate 4 via circumferentially distributed elastic elements 42, forming a relatively movable floating structure. When the extrusion disc 41 contacts the collected material accumulated at the bottom of the tank, such as a mixture of water-containing algae, flexible plastics, or ice slag, the elastic elements 42 allow the pressure plate 4 to continue to move downward under the action of the drive mechanism, so that the pressure acting on the collected material gradually and smoothly increases from the initial contact force to the preset maximum value. This progressive pressure application method avoids material splashing or premature surface compaction and closure caused by rigid impact, ensuring that the pressure can be more effectively transmitted to the deep layers of the material, squeezing out the internal pore water. At the same time, the strip-shaped or dot-shaped protrusions 43 on the lower surface of the extrusion disc 41 increase the contact friction with the collected material during the extrusion process, preventing it from sliding as a whole; more importantly, these protrusions 43 will produce microscopic shearing and tearing effects on viscous or clump-like materials, destroying their water-retaining structure, thereby opening up the internal drainage channels, making dehydration more thorough and uniform.

[0057] The aforementioned dewatering pretreatment process, combined with the equipment's inherent jet cleaning and negative pressure collection functions, creates effective functional synergy and resource efficiency. The water extruded through the bottom filter 12 is not directly dissipated but flows into the drainage channel, serving as a supplementary water source for subsequent jet rinsing stages. This water, discharged under pressure, already possesses a certain kinetic energy, thus reducing the main system energy consumption required to generate the cleaning jet. Furthermore, the collected material, after dewatering, has a significantly reduced volume, forming a denser solid layer within the isolation chamber. This creates a larger initial cavity volume for the pressure plate 4 during its recovery stroke. The increased cavity volume allows for a stronger negative pressure during the same recovery stroke, resulting in a more significant suction force on external floating objects in the next collection cycle, indirectly improving collection efficiency.

[0058] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An environmental monitoring device for marine ecological restoration projects, characterized in that, include: The outer chamber (1) has a collection hole (11) on its outer wall and a filter hole (12) at its bottom, and is equipped with a power mechanism. The isolation chamber is located at the bottom of the outer chamber (1), and its capacity is periodically reduced and then increased by the power mechanism to achieve drainage and create negative pressure. The collection bucket (2) is driven by the power mechanism to rotate around the outer wall of the outer chamber (1) to scrape and collect floating objects, which enter the isolation chamber through the collection hole (11). The baffle (3) closes the filter hole (12) with an elastic element, is pushed open by water pressure during drainage, and has an extension (32) to guide the discharged water to form an upward jet and act on the bottom of the collection bucket (2).

2. The environmental monitoring device for marine ecological restoration projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular jet channel is formed between the extension (32) and the outer wall of the outer cabin (1); when the isolation chamber drains water, the discharged water forms an upward jet through the jet channel.

3. The environmental monitoring device for marine ecological restoration projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power mechanism is connected to a pressure plate (4), and the isolation cavity is formed below the pressure plate (4). The pressure plate (4) adjusts the capacity of the isolation cavity by making lifting and lowering movements.

4. An environmental monitoring device for marine ecological restoration projects according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressure plate (4) is driven by a lifting structure, which includes a cam (51) that is connected to the power mechanism for transmission, and a linkage assembly that converts the rotational motion of the cam (51) into the linear lifting motion of the pressure plate (4).

5. An environmental monitoring device for marine ecological restoration projects according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a rotating partition (6) disposed inside the outer compartment (1), the rotating partition (6) having an opening (61); the rotating partition (6) is driven to rotate by the power mechanism to control the alignment or misalignment of the opening (61) and the collection hole (11), and the pressure plate (4) divides the internal space of the rotating partition (6) into an upper installation cavity and a lower isolation cavity.

6. An environmental monitoring device for marine ecological restoration projects according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power mechanism is configured to cyclically perform the following steps: drive the collection bucket (2) to collect floating objects, drive the pressure plate (4) to press down to drain water and form a jet, and drive the pressure plate (4) to rise to form a negative pressure to restore the collection space.

7. An environmental monitoring device for marine ecological restoration projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting hopper (2) is fan-shaped and has multiple through holes for drainage on its wall. The top of the extension (32) is located below the moving path of the collecting hopper (2), and the jet can pass through the through holes at the bottom from bottom to top.

8. An environmental monitoring device for marine ecological restoration projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a scraper (7), and the collecting hopper (2) is fixed on the scraper (7); the scraper (7) is connected to the power mechanism through a support rod (71) and is driven to rotate by it.

9. An environmental monitoring device for marine ecological restoration projects according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a sliding ring (81), which is fixedly connected to the support rod (71) and rotatably sleeved on the outer cabin (1) to support the rotation of the scraper (7) and the collection bucket (2).

10. An environmental monitoring device for marine ecological restoration projects according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The power mechanism includes: a toothed plate (82); a toothed ring (83) meshing with the toothed plate (82), the toothed ring (83) being connected to the support rod (71) to drive the scraper (7) and the collecting hopper (2) to rotate.

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