A large self-weight aircraft component out-of-shelf and posture conversion device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a large self-weight aircraft component out-of-rack and posture conversion device and method, which comprises a sliding platform, a turnover frame, a main support column, an auxiliary support arm, a hinge shaft, a bottom supporting plate, a product connecting end and a base frame. The sliding platform is installed on the base frame through a slide rail pair, power is provided by a hand winch and a steel wire rope, and the aircraft component is smoothly slid out of the base frame. The turnover frame is installed on the upper part of the sliding platform through the hinge shaft, and posture conversion of the product is realized by cooperation with a crane. The main support column is used for fixed support before the aircraft component is out of the rack. The auxiliary support arm is used for temporary support during the out-of-rack process and is provided with a ratchet lifting function. The application integrates the out-of-rack and posture conversion, the out-of-rack process is stable, the safety and operation efficiency of the out-of-rack and posture conversion are improved, and the waste of human resources and the development cost of special tooling are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aviation process equipment, specifically relating to a device and method for unloading and attitude conversion of heavy aircraft components. Background Technology

[0002] Large aircraft components typically include the fuselage and wings. Their main characteristics are large size, heavy weight, numerous parts, and complex assembly processes. For ergonomic reasons, and to create more operational space, assembly is generally performed vertically on a scaffold, followed by conversion to a flight configuration. To meet the assembly precision requirements of these large components, the assembly fixtures are generally U-shaped, fully enclosed structures, containing the entire component. This presents two challenges: first, removing the large component from the scaffold; and second, efficiently and safely converting it to a flight configuration after removal.

[0003] The current method of unloading involves first inserting the large component into the tooling frame using a hoist, then manually supporting it from all sides, and finally using a crane to lift it out of the frame. This process is difficult to control, resulting in some swaying and a high risk of product damage, leading to a low safety factor. There are generally two existing methods for conversion: one is to use a crane to directly rotate the large component. This process is very complex, as the large size and weight of the component make it difficult to control, requiring significant manpower and posing substantial safety hazards. The second method involves a bracket under the frame with a rotating function, but this still requires a crane to rotate the product. The drawbacks are the cumbersome operation and high manpower requirements.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, it is necessary to research a product unloading and attitude conversion device that allows for controllable product posture, in-situ rotation, and is simple, safe, and convenient for workers to operate, thereby improving the efficiency and safety of unloading heavy aircraft components. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device and method for unloading and attitude conversion of large aircraft components, in order to solve the problems of unloading and attitude conversion of large aircraft components in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution: A device for unloading and attitude conversion of components from a heavy aircraft includes a sliding platform, a tilting frame, a main support column, an auxiliary support arm, a hinge shaft, a bottom support plate, a product connection end, and a basic frame; wherein: The sliding platform, serving as the sliding support foundation, is installed on the base frame. It forms a bidirectional linear sliding connection with the base frame via a sliding rail pair, and is powered by a hand-cranked winch and steel wire rope. This allows large components to slide out of the base frame, facilitating their removal from the shelving. The tilting frame, mounted on the upper part of the sliding platform via a hinge shaft, supports the large components and, in conjunction with the suspension system, allows for posture changes. The lower end of the main support column is fixed to the base frame, while the upper end connects to the side of the tilting frame, providing fixed support before removal from the shelving. Auxiliary support arms are installed on both sides of the tilting frame, providing temporary support during removal and featuring a ratchet lifting function for fine-tuning the position when the support arms separate. The hinge shaft, acting as the rigid shaft of the tilting frame, has its fixed joint fixed to the sliding platform and its rotating joint fixed to the tilting frame, allowing for posture changes after removal from the shelving, in conjunction with the suspension system. The bottom support plate is installed on the tilting frame for coordinated lifting and lowering of the large components. The product connection end connects to the tilting frame for secure connection with the large components.

[0007] Furthermore, the sliding platform includes a sliding frame, a slide rail pair, a hand-cranked winch, a wire rope, and a lifting ring; The sliding frame is welded from a first rectangular steel pipe, a second rectangular steel pipe, a third rectangular steel pipe, a fourth rectangular steel pipe, a first square steel pipe, a second square steel pipe, and a first steel plate. A pair of second rectangular steel pipes are positioned at both ends of a first rectangular steel pipe, forming an I-beam structure. A pair of fourth rectangular steel pipes are vertically positioned above the first rectangular steel pipe, and the pair of fourth rectangular steel pipes are connected by the first square steel pipe. The third rectangular steel pipe is welded between the end of the second rectangular steel pipe and the side of the first rectangular steel pipe. Multiple oblique second square steel pipes are distributed between the sides of the fourth rectangular steel pipes and the first square steel pipe. A first steel plate is positioned on top of the pair of fourth rectangular steel pipes. The first steel plate has threaded holes for connection with the slide rail pair; a pair of second rectangular steel tubes of the sliding frame are installed on the slide rail pair with screws. The slide rail pairs are used in conjunction with each other on the left and right to realize the bidirectional linear sliding of the sliding frame. The guide rail of the slide rail pair is fixedly installed on the base frame; the hand-cranked winch is fixedly connected to the base frame with screws. One end of the wire rope is connected to the lifting ring, and the other end is connected to the hand-cranked winch. The lifting ring is fixedly installed on the end of a pair of second rectangular steel tubes of the sliding frame. The hand-cranked winch is used in conjunction with each other on the left and right and is connected to a pair of second rectangular steel tubes of the sliding frame. It serves as the power source for the sliding frame to slide along the slide rail pair and has a self-locking function.

[0008] Furthermore, the flipping frame is welded from the fifth rectangular steel pipe, the sixth rectangular steel pipe, the seventh rectangular steel pipe, the eighth rectangular steel pipe, the ninth rectangular steel pipe, the second steel plate, the third steel plate, the fourth steel plate, the fifth steel plate, and the sixth steel plate, and is installed on the upper part of the sliding platform through a hinge pivot. A pair of sixth rectangular steel pipes are perpendicularly installed at both ends of the fifth rectangular steel pipe. A pair of eighth rectangular steel pipes, inclined to the fifth rectangular steel pipe, are symmetrically installed at the ends of the pair of sixth rectangular steel pipes. The pair of eighth rectangular steel pipes are connected by a seventh rectangular steel pipe. A pair of ninth rectangular steel pipes are respectively connected between the pair of eighth rectangular steel pipes and the fifth rectangular steel pipe, and are perpendicular to the fifth rectangular steel pipe. All rectangular steel pipes are welded together to form a rigid frame structure. A pair of second steel plates are respectively fixed to the sides of the pair of eighth rectangular steel pipes. A steel plate frame is installed on each eighth rectangular steel pipe. The steel plate frame is formed by perpendicularly welding the ends of the second, third, and fourth steel plates. A fifth steel plate is installed on the side of the end of each sixth rectangular steel pipe, and a sixth steel plate is installed on the side of the fifth rectangular steel pipe. The ninth rectangular steel pipe has through holes for installing the bottom support plate. The sixth steel plate has square holes for avoidance during the installation of the main support column. The second, third, and fourth steel plates are welded to the eighth rectangular steel pipes to form a closed load-bearing zone. The fifth and sixth steel plates are welded to the surface of the rectangular steel pipes for local reinforcement.

[0009] Furthermore, the main support column includes a second column, a hinge support, a third positioning guide seat, a fixed end positioning seat, and a knurled positioning pin; the upper end of the main support column is bolted to the side of the flip frame; the second column is a straight structure, welded from a third steel pipe and a seventh steel plate at its end, with equidistant light-reducing holes distributed on the third steel pipe, and threaded holes on the planes of the seven steel plates at both ends for connecting the third positioning guide seat and the rotating joint respectively; the hinge support is a T-shaped fork-ear structure, with a slot formed by two vertical lugs on the front, a positioning through hole on the side as the mounting hole for the second pin shaft, and a through hole at the bottom for connecting to the foundation frame; the third positioning guide seat is an L-shaped structure. The main support column has a positioning through hole on its long side for guiding the knurled positioning pin, and a bolt through hole on its short side for mounting to the second column. The fixed end positioning seat is a T-flange type structure with a positioning through hole in the middle of the flange face for coaxial mounting with the third positioning guide seat. It has a threaded hole at the bottom and a bolt countersunk through hole on the flange face for mounting to the flip frame. The knurled positioning pin has a stepped structure and is used to determine the theoretical position of the main support column by inserting it into the positioning through holes of the third positioning guide seat and the fixed end positioning seat. The front end has a thread for tightening the positioning pin to the fixed end positioning seat. The second section has a smooth rod with a guide angle, and the rear end has straight knurling as a hand-held operating end.

[0010] Furthermore, the main support column also includes a rotary joint, a second pin, and an anti-falling baffle. The rotary joint has a T-shaped structure, with its vertical edge inserted into the slot of the hinge support. The vertical edge also has a positioning through hole that works in conjunction with the positioning through hole of the hinge support. The bottom edge has a bolt through hole for connection to the second column. The second pin is a stepped optical shaft that is inserted into the positioning holes of the hinge support and the rotary joint. Its end face has a threaded hole for connecting the anti-falling baffle. The anti-falling baffle is a circular steel plate that is screwed to the end face of the second pin to prevent it from falling off.

[0011] Furthermore, the auxiliary support arm includes a fourth column, a second connector, a fourth positioning guide seat, a locking pin, and a lead screw. The fourth column, as the main load-bearing component of the auxiliary support arm, has a blind hole on its upper end face for installing a ratchet lifter, and a through hole on its lower side as a positioning guide hole, while also having square light-reducing grooves distributed on its surface. The second connector is a machined integral part, with one end being arc-shaped and having a precision hole for positioning and guidance, and the other end being square with a blind hole on its end face and a pin hole on its side for connecting the lead screw. The fourth positioning guide seat is a machined integral part with a T-shaped structure, consisting of two separate parts, used for positioning the auxiliary support arm, and has precision holes and threaded holes at both ends for... The positioning and locking mechanism has a through hole on the bottom for mounting onto the sliding platform and the flipping frame. The locking pin has a stepped structure and is inserted into the through hole of the second connector and the fourth positioning guide seat. The front end has a thread to lock the second connector onto the fourth positioning guide seat. The middle section has a smooth rod with a gap reserved with the fourth positioning guide seat for easy removal during flipping. The rear end has straight knurled knurling as a hand-held operating end, and the end face has a lightening hole. The lead screw has a stepped structure. The front end has a smooth hole and is connected to the second connector through a cylindrical pin. The rear end has a trapezoidal thread for linear transmission, and the outer circle of the thread has a keyway to limit the rotation of the lead screw.

[0012] Furthermore, the ratchet lifter works in conjunction with the lead screw to assist in adjusting the height of the second joint during the disassembly of the support arm. The ratchet lifter includes a sleeve, a drive nut, a guide sleeve, a collar, a pawl, a long handle, a cylindrical pin, a T-key, and a third pin. The sleeve has a stepped structure with an internal guide hole for positioning and guiding the lead screw, an internal semi-circular groove at the upper end for installing the drive nut, and a hole on the lower outer circumference for installing the T-key. The drive nut has a stepped structure with a trapezoidal thread inside for transmission, and a uniform thread at the upper end. The cloth slot is used to mate with the pawl; the guide sleeve has an inner hole, and its outer diameter is interference-fitted with the sleeve, and it is made of brass; the collar is a one-piece machined part, L-shaped in shape, with a through hole on the bottom edge to mate with the drive nut, and a fork-shaped structure with a slot on the vertical side. The bottom surface and the side of the slot have through holes for mounting the pawl and the long handle, respectively; the pawl has an oblique L-shaped structure, with an oblique pawl at one end that is placed in the slot of the drive nut, and the other end is connected to the collar via a third pin; the long handle has a straight structure, with a through hole at the front end to connect with the collar.

[0013] Furthermore, there is one hinge shaft on each side, including a fixed joint, a rotary joint, a shaft, a baffle, and screws. The fixed joint is a T-shaped double-ear structure, a load-bearing component, made of Cr or steel and hardened. It has a positioning groove in the middle, a positioning through hole on the outer end face of the groove, and a through hole on the bottom surface for bolt installation, and is fixedly installed on the sliding platform. The rotary joint is a T-shaped single-ear structure, a load-bearing component, made of Cr or steel and hardened. It has a positioning through hole on the end face and is connected to the fork lug of the fixed joint through the shaft to form a rotating structure. It has a through hole on the bottom surface for bolt installation onto the bottom surface of the flip frame to form a flip shaft. The shaft is a stepped optical shaft structure, a load-bearing component, made of Cr or steel and hardened. It is inserted into the positioning through holes of the fixed joint and the rotary joint through the optical shaft. It has a threaded hole on the end face for connecting the baffle. The baffle is a circular steel plate, connected to the end face of the shaft with screws to prevent the shaft from moving axially.

[0014] A method for unloading and attitude conversion of components from a heavy aircraft, based on the aforementioned device, includes the following steps: Step 1: Pull out the knurled positioning pin to release the locking relationship between the third positioning guide seat and the fixed end positioning seat, separate the main support column from the flipping frame, and then use the connection structure of the rotating joint and the hinge support to make the main support column rotate outward around the second pin axis to the non-working position and place it on the ground. Step 2: Two people simultaneously crank the hand winch. The hand winch winds the steel wire rope, which pulls the lifting ring, causing the sliding platform to slide in a straight line along the slide rail pair on the base frame. This causes the tilting frame and aircraft parts to slide smoothly to the outside of the base frame, completing the unloading of the aircraft parts. Step 3: Use the ratchet lifter to fine-tune the height. Drive the pawl through the long handle. The pawl will rotate the drive nut inside the sleeve, causing the screw to rise and fall, thus releasing the stress on the locking pin. Then pull out the locking pin to disengage the second connector from the fourth positioning guide seat and remove the auxiliary support arm. This process requires the intervention of a factory crane to ensure the safety of the aircraft parts. Step 4: The crane lifts the aircraft parts, causing the product and the flipping frame to rotate around the hinge axis. By utilizing the relative rotation of the fixed joint and the rotary joint, the attitude change of the product is completed safely and smoothly. Step 5: After the aircraft component attitude conversion is completed, move the entire device back to its theoretical state and reset and lock the main support column to begin the assembly of the next aircraft component.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical features: This invention integrates unloading and attitude conversion into one unit, ensuring a smooth unloading process, greatly improving the safety of unloading and attitude conversion, reducing waste of human resources, increasing operational efficiency, reducing the need for developing dedicated unloading and attitude conversion tooling, and lowering costs. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding platform structure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding frame structure; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the flip frame structure; Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram of the main support column; Figure 6 (a) to (h) are structural schematic diagrams of the main support column, hinge support, positioning guide seat, fixed end positioning seat, knurled positioning pin, rotary joint, pin shaft and anti-falling baffle, respectively. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary support arm. Figure 8 (a) to (e) are structural schematic diagrams of the column, connector, positioning guide seat, locking pin, and lead screw, respectively. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the ratchet lift mechanism; Figure 10 (a) to (f) are schematic diagrams of the structure of the sleeve, drive nut, guide sleeve, collar, pawl, and long handle, respectively. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the hinge shaft. Figure 12 Figures (a) to (d) are schematic diagrams of the fixed joint, rotary joint, rotating shaft, and baffle, respectively.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 100-Sliding platform, 101-Sliding frame, 1011-First rectangular steel pipe, 1012-Second rectangular steel pipe, 1013-Third rectangular steel pipe, 1014-Fourth rectangular steel pipe, 1015-First square steel pipe, 1016-Second square steel pipe, 1017-First steel plate, 102-Slide rail pair, 103-Hand-cranked winch, 104-Wire rope, 105-Lifting ring; 200-Tilting Frame construction: 201-Fifth rectangular steel pipe, 202-Sixth rectangular steel pipe, 203-Seventh rectangular steel pipe, 204-Eighth rectangular steel pipe, 205-Ninth rectangular steel pipe, 206-Second steel plate, 207-Third steel plate, 208-Fourth steel plate, 209-Fifth steel plate, 210-Sixth steel plate; 300-Main support column, 301-First column, 3011-Square steel pipe, 3012-Steel plate, 302- Hinge support, 303-first positioning guide seat, 304-fixed end positioning seat, 305-knurled positioning pin, 306-rotary joint, 307-first pin shaft, 308-anti-fall-off baffle; 400-auxiliary support arm, 401-second column, 402-first joint, 403-second positioning guide seat, 404-locking pin, 405-lead screw, 406-ratchet lifter, 4061-sleeve, 4062 - Drive nut, 4063 Guide sleeve, 4064 Collar, 4065 Paw, 4066 Long handle, 4067 Cylindrical pin, 4068 T-key, 4069 Second pin; 500 Hinge pivot, 501 Fixed joint, 502 Rotary joint, 503 Pivot, 504 Baffle, 505 Screw; 600 Bottom support plate, 700 Product connection end, 800 Basic frame. Detailed Implementation

[0018] This invention provides a device and method for unloading and attitude conversion of large aircraft components, applied to the unloading and attitude conversion stages after the assembly of large aircraft components. Utilizing the linear sliding principle of a linear guide rail, the large component is unloaded. Simultaneously, a hinge shaft is integrated into the device, which, in conjunction with a crane, enables the attitude conversion of the component after unloading.

[0019] See Figures 1 to 12 This invention first provides a device for unloading and attitude conversion of large-weight aircraft components, including a sliding platform 100, a flipping frame 200, a main support column 300, an auxiliary support arm 400, a hinge shaft 500, a bottom support plate 600, a product connection end 700, and a basic frame 800; wherein: The sliding platform 100, serving as a sliding support base, is installed on the base frame 800. It forms a bidirectional linear sliding connection with the base frame 800 via a slide rail pair 102, and is powered by a hand-cranked winch 103 and a steel wire rope 104 to slide large components out of the base frame 800, thus enabling the large components to be unloaded. The tilting frame 200 is installed on the upper part of the sliding platform 100 via a hinge shaft 500, used to support large components and, in conjunction with a hanging device, to achieve posture changes for the large components. The lower end of the main support column 300 is fixed to the base frame 800, and the upper end is connected to the side of the tilting frame 200, providing a fixed support for the tilting frame 200 before unloading. The supporting structure has the following functions: Auxiliary support arms 400 are installed on both sides of the flipping frame 200 to provide temporary auxiliary support for the flipping frame 200 during unloading, and also have a ratchet lifting function for fine-tuning the position when the support arms are separated; the hinge shaft 500 serves as the rigid shaft of the flipping frame 200, with its fixed joint 501 fixedly installed on the sliding platform 100 and its rotary joint 502 fixedly installed on the flipping frame 200, used to cooperate with the hanging mechanism to achieve component posture conversion after unloading; the bottom support plate 600 is installed on the flipping frame 200 for coordinated lifting and jacking of large components; and the product connection end 700 is connected to the flipping frame 200 for connecting and fixing large components.

[0020] The specific structure of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] The structure of the sliding platform 100 is as follows Figure 2 As shown; the sliding platform 100 serves as a support platform for the sliding process, including a sliding frame 101, a slide rail pair 102, a hand-cranked winch 103, a steel wire rope 104, and a lifting ring 105; wherein, the structure of the sliding frame 101 is as follows Figure 3As shown, it is welded from a first rectangular steel pipe 1011, a second rectangular steel pipe 1012, a third rectangular steel pipe 1013, a fourth rectangular steel pipe 1014, a first square steel pipe 1015, a second square steel pipe 1016, and a first steel plate 1017. A pair of second rectangular steel pipes 1012 are positioned at both ends of a first rectangular steel pipe 1011, forming an I-beam structure. A pair of fourth rectangular steel pipes 1014 are vertically positioned above the first rectangular steel pipe 1011, and the pair of fourth rectangular steel pipes 1014 are connected by the first square steel pipe 1015. The third rectangular steel pipe 1013 is welded between the end of the second rectangular steel pipe 1012 and the side of the first rectangular steel pipe 1011, serving as a diagonal brace. For reinforcement, multiple oblique second rectangular steel pipes 1016 are distributed between the sides of the fourth rectangular steel pipe 1014 and the rectangular steel pipe 1015, serving as diagonal bracing reinforcement; a first steel plate 1017 is provided on the top of a pair of fourth rectangular steel pipes 1014, wherein the first steel plate 1017 has 8 M12 threaded holes for connection with the slide rail pair 102; the sliding frame 101 (the pair of second rectangular steel pipes 1012) is installed on the slide rail pair 102 by screws, and the slide rail pair 102 is used in a left-right cooperation to realize the bidirectional linear sliding of the sliding frame 101. The specifications of the slide rail pair 102 should be selected according to the actual load conditions; the guide rail of the slide rail pair 102 is fixedly installed on the base frame 800. The hand-cranked winch 103 is fixedly connected to the base frame 800 by screws; one end of the wire rope 104 is connected to the lifting ring 105, and the other end is connected to the hand-cranked winch 103; the lifting ring 105 is fixedly installed at the ends of a pair of second rectangular steel pipes 1012 of the sliding frame 101; the hand-cranked winches 103 are used in a left-right cooperation, connected to a pair of second rectangular steel pipes 1012 of the sliding frame 101, and their installation positions are determined according to the actual sliding stroke. They serve as the power source for the sliding frame 101 to slide along the slide rail pair 102 and have a self-locking function.

[0022] The structure of the flip frame 200 is as follows Figure 4As shown; the flip frame 200 is welded from the fifth rectangular steel pipe 201, the sixth rectangular steel pipe 202, the seventh rectangular steel pipe 203, the eighth rectangular steel pipe 204, the ninth rectangular steel pipe 204, the second steel plate 206, the third steel plate 207, the fourth steel plate 208, the fifth steel plate 209, and the sixth steel plate 210. It is installed on the upper part of the sliding platform 100 through the hinge pivot 500 to realize the posture conversion of large component products; wherein, a pair of sixth rectangular steel pipes 202 are vertically arranged at both ends of the fifth rectangular steel pipe 201, and a pair of eighth rectangular steel pipes 204 inclined to the fifth rectangular steel pipe 201 are symmetrically arranged at the ends of the pair of sixth rectangular steel pipes 202. The pair of eighth rectangular steel pipes 204 are connected to each other through the seventh rectangular steel pipe 203; the pair of ninth rectangular steel pipes 204 are respectively connected between the pair of eighth rectangular steel pipes 204 and the fifth rectangular steel pipe 201, and are perpendicular to the fifth rectangular steel pipe 201; all rectangular steel pipes are welded together to form a rigid frame structure. A pair of second steel plates 206 are respectively fixed to the sides of a pair of eighth rectangular steel pipes 204; a steel plate frame is set on each eighth rectangular steel pipe 204 to support the bottom support plate 600; the steel plate frame is formed by vertically welding the ends of the second steel plate 206, the third steel plate 207, and the fourth steel plate 208; a fifth steel plate 209 is set on the side of the end of each sixth rectangular steel pipe 202, and a steel plate 201 is set on the side of the fifth rectangular steel pipe 201. The ninth rectangular steel pipe 204 has a Φ95 through hole for installing the bottom support plate 600; the sixth steel plate 210 has a square hole for avoidance during the installation of the main support column 300; the second steel plate 206, the third steel plate 207, and the fourth steel plate 208 are welded to the eighth rectangular steel pipe 204 to form a closed load-bearing area, and the fifth steel plate 209 and the sixth steel plate 210 are welded to the surface of the rectangular steel pipe for local reinforcement.

[0023] The structure of the main support column 300 is as follows Figure 5 As shown, the structures of each component of the main support column 300 are as follows: Figure 6As shown in (a) to (h); the main support column 300 consists of a first column 301, a hinge support 302, a first positioning guide seat 303, a fixed end positioning seat 304, a knurled positioning pin 305, a rotating joint 306, a first pin 307, and an anti-falling baffle 308; the lower end of the main support column 300 is fixedly connected to the foundation frame 800, and the upper end is bolted to the side of the flip frame 200 (i.e., the fifth rectangular steel pipe 201), serving as a fixed support; the first column 301 has a straight structure, welded from a square steel pipe 3011 and a steel plate 3012 at its end, with equidistant light-reducing holes distributed on the square steel pipe 3011, and the two ends of the... The steel plate 3012 has six M12 threaded holes on its flat surface, which are used to connect the first positioning guide seat 303 and the rotary joint 306 respectively. The hinge support 302 has a T-shaped fork-ear structure. The front has a 75H7-width slot formed by two vertical lugs. The side has a Φ80H7 positioning through hole, which serves as the mounting hole for the first pin 307. The bottom has six Φ18 through holes for connecting to the base frame 800. The first positioning guide seat 303 has an L-shaped structure. The long side has a Φ60H7 positioning through hole for guiding the position of the knurled positioning pin 305. The short side has six Φ14 bolt through holes for mounting to the first column 301. The fixed-end positioning seat 304 has a T-flange structure. A Φ60H7 positioning through hole is made in the middle of the flange face, which is coaxially installed with the first positioning guide seat 303. The coaxiality is no greater than Φ0.05. An M12 threaded hole is made at the bottom. Six Φ13 bolt countersunk holes are made on the flange face for installation on the flip frame 200. The knurled positioning pin 305 has a stepped structure and is inserted into the Φ60H7 positioning through hole of the first positioning guide seat 303 and the fixed-end positioning seat 304 to determine the theoretical position of the main support column 300. The front end of the knurled positioning pin 305 has an M12 thread for tightening the positioning pin onto the fixed-end positioning seat 304. The second section has a Φ60h7 smooth rod with a guide angle and straight knurling at the end, which serves as the hand-held operating end of the positioning pin. The rotary joint 306 has a T-shaped structure, with its vertical edge inserted into the 75H7 slot of the hinge support 302. The vertical edge also has a Φ80H7 positioning through hole, which works in conjunction with the positioning through hole of the hinge support 302. The bottom edge has six Φ14 bolt holes for bolt connection to the first column 301. The first pin 307 is a stepped optical shaft, with a Φ80f7 optical shaft inserted into the positioning holes of the hinge support 302 and the rotary joint 306. Its end face has an M12 threaded hole for connecting the anti-fall baffle 308. The anti-fall baffle 308 is a circular steel plate, screwed to the end face of the first pin 307 to prevent it from falling off.

[0024] The structure of the auxiliary support arm 400 is as follows Figure 7 As shown, the structures of each component of the auxiliary support arm 400 are as follows: Figure 8 As shown in (a) to (e); the auxiliary support arm 400 is used for temporary auxiliary support of the flipping frame 200 when it is removed from the frame. It is installed on both sides of the flipping frame 200 and is equipped with a ratchet lifting function to help fine adjust the position of the auxiliary support arm 400 when it is separated. The auxiliary support arm 400 includes a second column 401, a first connector 402, a second positioning guide seat 403, a locking pin 404, a lead screw 405, and a ratchet lifter 406. Specifically: the second column 401, as the main load-bearing component of the auxiliary support arm 400, is made of high-strength titanium alloy. Its upper end face has a Φ75H7 blind hole for mounting the ratchet lifter 406; its lower side face has a Φ60H7 through hole as a positioning guide hole, and its surface is distributed with square light-reducing grooves. The first connector 402 is a machined integral part. One end is arc-shaped with a Φ60H7 precision hole for positioning and guidance; the other end is square with a Φ50H7 blind hole on its end face and a Φ10 pin hole on its side for connecting the lead screw 405. The second positioning guide seat 403 is a machined integral part with a T-shaped structure, consisting of two parts, upper and lower, used for positioning the auxiliary support arm 400. Both ends have Φ60H7 precision holes and M2 holes respectively. The bottom surface has four Φ14 through holes for mounting onto the sliding platform 100 and the flipping frame 200. The locking pin 404 has a stepped structure and is inserted into the Φ60H7 through holes of the first connector 402 and the second positioning guide seat 403. The locking pin 404 has an M12 thread at its front end for locking the first connector 402 onto the second positioning guide seat 403. The middle section has a Φ59.5h7 smooth rod with a 0.5mm gap from the second positioning guide seat 403 for easy removal during flipping. The rear end has straight knurling as a hand-held operating end for the locking pin 404, and a light-reducing hole on the end face. The lead screw 405 has a stepped structure. The front end has a Φ12 smooth hole and is connected to the first connector 402 via a cylindrical pin. The rear end has a Tr60 trapezoidal thread for linear transmission. The outer diameter of the thread has a keyway to limit the rotation of the lead screw.

[0025] The structure of the ratchet lifter 406 is as follows: Figure 9 As shown, the structures of each component of the ratchet lifter 406 are as follows: Figure 10As shown in (a) to (f); the ratchet lifter 406 is used in conjunction with the lead screw 405 to assist in adjusting the height of the first joint 402 when the support arm 400 is disassembled; the ratchet lifter 406 includes a sleeve 4061, a drive nut 4062, a guide sleeve 4063, a collar 4064, a pawl 4065, a long handle 4066, a cylindrical pin 4067, a T-key 4068, and a second pin 4069, wherein: the sleeve 4061 has a stepped structure with an internal Φ60H7 guide hole for positioning and guiding the lead screw 405; the upper end has an internal semi-circular groove for installing the drive nut 4062; and the lower outer circumference has a Φ18 hole for installing the T-key 4068. The drive nut 4062 has a stepped structure with an internal Tr60 thread for transmission; and the upper end has evenly distributed slots for cooperating with the pawl 4065. The guide sleeve 4063 has an inner hole of Φ60H7, and its outer diameter is interference-fitted with the sleeve 4061. It is made of brass to reduce transmission friction and improve transmission efficiency. The collar 4064 is a one-piece machined part with an L-shaped shape. Its bottom edge has a Φ90 through hole for use with the drive nut 4062. The vertical edge has a fork-shaped structure with a slot. The bottom surface and the side of the slot have Φ12 and Φ8 through holes, respectively, for mounting the pawl 4065 and the long handle 4066. The pawl 4065 has a slanted L-shaped structure. One end has a slanted claw that rests in the slot of the drive nut 4062, and the other end is connected to the collar 4064 via a second pin 4069, used to drive the drive nut 4062 in a circular motion. The long handle 4066 has a straight structure with a Φ8 through hole at the front end, connecting to the collar 4064 to reduce operating force.

[0026] The structure of hinge shaft 500 is as follows Figure 11 As shown, the structures of each component of the hinge shaft 500 are as follows: Figure 12As shown in (a) to (d); the hinge shaft 500 serves as the rigid shaft of the flip frame 200, with one on each side and a coaxiality requirement of Φ0.05. It includes a fixed joint 501, a rotary joint 502, a shaft 503, a baffle 504, and a screw 505. Among them, the fixed joint 501 is a T-shaped double-ear structure. This part is a load-bearing component. The material is 40Cr or 45 steel and is quenched. A 75H8 positioning groove is made in the middle, and a Φ100H7 positioning through hole is made on the outer end face of the groove. Six Φ18 through holes are made on the bottom surface for bolt installation. It is fixedly installed on the sliding platform 100. Rotary joint 502 is a T-shaped single-ear structure. This component is a load-bearing part, made of 40Cr or 45 steel and hardened. Its end face has a Φ100H7 positioning through-hole, which connects to the fork lug of fixed joint 501 via rotating shaft 503 to form a rotating structure. Its bottom face has six Φ18 through-holes for bolt installation onto the bottom surface of the flipping frame 200, forming a flipping shaft. Rotating shaft 503 is a stepped optical shaft structure. This component is also a load-bearing part, made of 40Cr or 45 steel and hardened. It is inserted into the Φ100H7 positioning through-holes of fixed joint 501 and rotary joint 502 via a Φ100f7 optical shaft. Its end face has an M12 threaded hole for connecting baffle 504. Baffle 504 is a circular steel plate, connected to the end face of rotating shaft 503 with screws 505 to prevent axial movement of the rotating shaft.

[0027] See Figure 1 The basic frame 800 in this invention is a gate-shaped structure, and an installation platform is provided at its bottom for installing the various parts of this invention.

[0028] This embodiment also provides a method for unloading and attitude conversion of components from a large-weight aircraft, the specific implementation process of which is as follows: Step 1: Disengage the main support column. Pull out the knurled positioning pin 305 to release the locking relationship between the first positioning guide seat 303 and the fixed end positioning seat 304, separate the main support column 300 from the flipping frame 200, and then use the connection structure between the rotating joint 306 and the hinge support 302 to flip the main support column 300 outward around the first pin 307 to a non-working position and place it on the ground.

[0029] Step 2: Unmounting and Sliding. Two people simultaneously crank the hand winch 103, which winds the steel wire rope 104. The steel wire rope 104 pulls the lifting ring 105, causing the sliding platform 100 to slide linearly along the slide rail pair 102 on the base frame 800. This causes the tilting frame 200 and the aircraft parts to slide smoothly to the outside of the base frame 800, completing the unmounting of the aircraft parts.

[0030] Step 3: Auxiliary support arm removal. Use the ratchet lifter 406 to fine-tune the height. Drive the pawl 4065 via the long handle 4066. The pawl 4065 rotates the drive nut 4062 within the sleeve 4061, causing the lead screw 405 to rise and fall, releasing the stress on the locking pin 404. Then, pull out the locking pin 404, disengaging the first connector 402 from the second positioning guide seat 403, and remove the auxiliary support arm 400. This process requires the intervention of a factory crane to ensure the safety of the aircraft components.

[0031] Step 4: Attitude Conversion. The aircraft component is suspended by a crane, which drives the product and the flipping frame 200 to rotate around the pivot 503 of the hinge pivot 500. The attitude conversion of the product is completed safely and smoothly by utilizing the relative rotation of the fixed joint 501 and the rotary joint 502.

[0032] Step 5: Reset Preparation. After the aircraft component attitude conversion is completed, move the entire device back to its theoretical state and reset and lock the main support column 300 to begin the assembly of the next aircraft component.

[0033] The present invention integrates the unloading and attitude conversion into one unit, ensuring a smooth unloading process, greatly improving the safety of unloading and attitude conversion, reducing the waste of human resources, improving operational efficiency, reducing the need for the development of special unloading and attitude conversion tooling, and lowering costs.

[0034] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A device for ejecting and attitude conversion of components from a heavy aircraft, characterized in that, Includes a sliding platform (100), a tilting frame (200), a main support column (300), an auxiliary support arm (400), a hinge pivot (500), a bottom support plate (600), a product connection end (700), and a basic frame (800); wherein: The sliding platform (100) serves as a sliding support base, installed on the base frame (800). It forms a two-way linear sliding connection with the base frame (800) through the slide rail pair (102), and provides sliding power through a hand-cranked winch (103) and steel wire rope (104) to slide large components out of the base frame (800) and realize the removal of large components from the shelf. The flipping frame (200) is installed on the upper part of the sliding platform (100) through the hinge pivot (500) to support large components and to cooperate with the hanging to realize the posture change of large components. The lower end of the main support column (300) is fixed to the base frame (800), and the upper end is connected to the side of the flipping frame (200) to fix the flipping frame (200) before removal from the shelf. The supporting function; the auxiliary support arm (400) is installed on both sides of the flip frame (200) for temporary auxiliary support of the flip frame (200) when it is unloaded, and is equipped with a ratchet lifting function for fine adjustment of the position when the support arm is separated; the hinge shaft (500) serves as the rigid shaft of the flip frame (200), with its fixed joint (501) fixedly installed on the sliding platform (100) and the rotary joint (502) fixedly installed on the flip frame (200) to cooperate with the hanging to realize the posture change of the component after unloading; the bottom support plate (600) is installed on the flip frame (200) for linkage lifting and lifting of large component products; the product connection end (700) is connected to the flip frame (200) for connection and fixation with large component products.

2. The device for ejecting and attitude conversion of heavy aircraft components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding platform (100) includes a sliding frame (101), a slide rail pair (102), a hand-cranked winch (103), a steel wire rope (104), and a lifting ring (105); The sliding frame (101) is welded from a first rectangular steel pipe (1011), a second rectangular steel pipe (1012), a third rectangular steel pipe (1013), a fourth rectangular steel pipe (1014), a first square steel pipe (1015), a second square steel pipe (1016), and a first steel plate (1017); a pair of second rectangular steel pipes (1012) are set at both ends of a first rectangular steel pipe (1011) to form an I-shaped structure; a pair of... A fourth rectangular steel pipe (1014) is connected to a pair of fourth rectangular steel pipes (1014) by a first square steel pipe (1015); a third rectangular steel pipe (1013) is welded between the end of a second rectangular steel pipe (1012) and the side of a first rectangular steel pipe (1011); a plurality of oblique second square steel pipes (1016) are distributed between the sides of the fourth rectangular steel pipes (1014) and the first square steel pipes (1015); a first square steel pipe is provided on the top of a pair of fourth rectangular steel pipes (1014). A steel plate (1017) is provided, the first steel plate (1017) having threaded holes for connection with the slide rail pair (102); a pair of second rectangular steel tubes (1012) of the sliding frame (101) are mounted on the slide rail pair (102) by screws, the slide rail pairs (102) are used in a left-right cooperation to realize the bidirectional linear sliding of the sliding frame (101), the guide rail of the slide rail pair (102) is fixedly installed on the base frame (800); a hand-cranked winch (103) is connected to the base frame (800) by screws. A fixed connection is formed. One end of the wire rope (104) is connected to the lifting ring (105), and the other end is connected to the hand-cranked winch (103). The lifting ring (105) is fixedly installed at the ends of a pair of second rectangular steel pipes (1012) of the sliding frame (101). The hand-cranked winch (103) is used in conjunction with the left and right sides and is connected to the pair of second rectangular steel pipes (1012) of the sliding frame (101) as the power source for the sliding frame (101) to slide along the slide rail pair (102) and has a self-locking function.

3. The device for ejecting and attitude conversion of heavy aircraft components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flip frame (200) is welded from the fifth rectangular steel pipe (201), the sixth rectangular steel pipe (202), the seventh rectangular steel pipe (203), the eighth rectangular steel pipe (204), the ninth rectangular steel pipe (205), the second steel plate (206), the third steel plate (207), the fourth steel plate (208), the fifth steel plate (209), and the sixth steel plate (210), and is installed on the upper part of the sliding platform (100) through the hinge pivot (500); A pair of sixth rectangular steel pipes (202) are perpendicularly arranged at both ends of the fifth rectangular steel pipe (201). A pair of eighth rectangular steel pipes (204) inclined to the fifth rectangular steel pipe (201) are symmetrically arranged at the ends of the pair of sixth rectangular steel pipes (202). The pair of eighth rectangular steel pipes (204) are connected by a seventh rectangular steel pipe (203). A pair of ninth rectangular steel pipes (205) are respectively connected between the pair of eighth rectangular steel pipes (204) and the fifth rectangular steel pipe (201), and are perpendicular to the fifth rectangular steel pipe (201). All rectangular steel pipes are welded together to form a rigid frame structure. A pair of second steel plates (206) are respectively fixed to the sides of the pair of eighth rectangular steel pipes (204). A steel plate frame is set on each eighth rectangular steel pipe (204). The steel plate frame is formed by vertically welding the ends of the second steel plate (206), the third steel plate (207), and the fourth steel plate (208); a fifth steel plate (209) is provided on the side of the end of each sixth rectangular steel pipe (202), and a sixth steel plate (210) is provided on the side of the fifth rectangular steel pipe (201); the ninth rectangular steel pipe (205) has through holes for installing the bottom support plate (600); the sixth steel plate (210) has square holes for avoiding the main support column (300) during installation; the second steel plate (206), the third steel plate (207), and the fourth steel plate (208) are welded to the eighth rectangular steel pipe (204) to form a closed load-bearing area, and the fifth steel plate (209) and the sixth steel plate (210) are welded to the surface of the rectangular steel pipe for local reinforcement.

4. The device for ejecting and attitude conversion of heavy aircraft components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main support column (300) includes a second column (301), a hinge support (302), a third positioning guide seat (303), a fixed end positioning seat (304), and a knurled positioning pin (305). The upper end of the main support column (300) is bolted to the side of the flip frame (200). The second column (301) is a straight structure, welded from a third steel pipe (3011) and a seventh steel plate (3012) at its end. The third steel pipe (3011) has equidistant light-reducing holes, and the seventh steel plate (3012) at both ends has threaded holes on its plane, which are used to connect the third positioning guide seat (303) and the rotating joint (306) respectively. The hinge support (302) is a T-shaped fork-ear structure. The front has a slot formed by two vertical ears, the side has a positioning through hole as the mounting hole for the second pin (307), and the bottom has a through hole for connecting to the base frame. On the 800); the third positioning guide seat (303) is an L-shaped structure with a positioning through hole on the long side for guiding the position of the knurled positioning pin (305) and a bolt through hole on the short side for installation on the second column (301); the fixed end positioning seat (304) is a T-flange structure with a positioning through hole in the middle of the flange face for coaxial installation with the third positioning guide seat (303), a threaded hole at the bottom, and a bolt countersunk through hole on the flange face for installation on the flip frame (200); the knurled positioning pin (305) is a stepped structure that is inserted into the positioning through holes of the third positioning guide seat (303) and the fixed end positioning seat (304) for use in determining the theoretical position of the main support column (300). The front end is threaded for tightening the positioning pin onto the fixed end positioning seat (304), the second section is a smooth rod with a guide angle, and the last end is knurled as a hand-held operating end.

5. The device for ejecting and attitude conversion of heavy aircraft components according to claim 4, characterized in that, The main support column (300) also includes a rotating joint (306), a second pin (307), and a fall-proof baffle (308). The rotating joint (306) is a T-shaped structure, with its vertical side inserted into the slot of the hinge support (302). At the same time, the side of the vertical side has a positioning through hole, which is used in coordination with the positioning through hole of the hinge support (302). The bottom side has a bolt through hole, which is connected to the second column (301) by bolts. The second pin (307) is a stepped optical shaft, which is inserted into the positioning holes of the hinge support (302) and the rotating joint (306). The end face has a threaded hole for connecting the fall-proof baffle (308). The fall-proof baffle (308) is a round steel plate, which is connected to the end face of the second pin (307) with screws to prevent the second pin (307) from falling off.

6. The device for ejecting and attitude conversion of heavy aircraft components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary support arm (400) includes a fourth column (401), a second connector (402), a fourth positioning guide seat (403), a locking pin (404), and a lead screw (405). The fourth column (401) serves as the main load-bearing component of the auxiliary support arm (400). Its upper end face has a blind hole for installing a ratchet lifter (406), and its lower side face has a through hole for positioning and guiding. It also has square light-reducing grooves distributed on its surface. The second connector (402) is a machined integral part. One end is arc-shaped with a precision hole for positioning and guiding, while the other end is square with a blind hole on its end face and a pin hole on its side for connecting the lead screw (405). The fourth positioning guide seat (403) is a machined integral part with a T-shaped structure. There are two of them, upper and lower, used for positioning the auxiliary support arm (400). Both ends have precision holes. The threaded hole is used for positioning and locking, and the bottom surface has a through hole for installation on the sliding platform (100) and the flipping frame (200); the locking pin (404) has a stepped structure and is inserted into the through hole of the second connector (402) and the fourth positioning guide seat (403) for use. The front end has a thread for locking the second connector (402) onto the fourth positioning guide seat (403). The middle section has a smooth rod and leaves a gap with the fourth positioning guide seat (403) for easy removal during flipping. The end has straight knurling as a hand-held operating end, and the end face has a lightening hole; the lead screw (405) has a stepped structure. The front end of the smooth shaft has a smooth hole and is connected to the second connector (402) through a cylindrical pin. The rear end has a trapezoidal thread for linear transmission, and the outer circle of the thread has a keyway to limit the rotation of the lead screw.

7. The device for ejecting and attitude conversion of heavy aircraft components according to claim 6, characterized in that, The ratchet lifter (406) works in conjunction with the lead screw (405) to assist in adjusting the height of the second connector (402) when the support arm (400) is disassembled. The ratchet lifter (406) includes a sleeve (4061), a drive nut (4062), a guide sleeve (4063), a collar (4064), a pawl (4065), a long handle (4066), a cylindrical pin (4067), a T-key (4068), and a third pin (4069). The sleeve (4061) has a stepped structure with a guide hole inside for positioning and guiding the lead screw (405). The upper end has an internal semi-circular groove for installing the drive nut (4062), and the lower outer circumference has a hole for installing the T-key (4068). The drive nut (4062) has a stepped structure with a trapezoidal groove inside. The thread is used for transmission, and the upper end has evenly distributed grooves for use with the pawl (4065); the guide sleeve (4063) has an inner hole, and the outer diameter is interference-fitted with the sleeve (4061), and is made of brass; the collar (4064) is an integral machined part, L-shaped, with a through hole on the bottom edge for use with the drive nut (4062), and the vertical side is a fork-shaped structure with a slot, with through holes on the bottom surface and the side of the slot for installation of the pawl (4065) and the long handle (4066) respectively; the pawl (4065) has an oblique L-shaped structure, with an oblique claw at one end that is placed in the groove of the drive nut (4062), and the other end is connected to the collar (4064) through the third pin (4069); the long handle (4066) has a straight structure, with a through hole at the front end for connection with the collar (4064).

8. The device for ejecting and attitude conversion of heavy aircraft components according to claim 1, characterized in that, There is one hinge pivot (500) on each side, including a fixed joint (501), a rotary joint (502), a pivot (503), a baffle (504), and a screw (505). The fixed joint (501) is a T-shaped double-ear structure, a load-bearing component, made of 40Cr or 45 steel and hardened. It has a positioning groove in the middle, a positioning through hole on the outer end face of the groove, and a through hole on the bottom surface for bolt installation. It is fixedly installed on the sliding platform (100). The rotary joint (502) is a T-shaped single-ear structure, a load-bearing component, made of 40Cr or 45 steel and hardened. It has a positioning through hole on the end face and a bolt for bolt installation. The fork lugs of the fixed joint (501) are connected together by the rotating shaft (503) to form a rotating structure. The bottom surface has a through hole for bolt installation onto the bottom surface of the flip frame (200) to form a flip shaft. The rotating shaft (503) is a stepped optical shaft structure and is a load-bearing component. The material is 40Cr or 45 steel and is quenched. It is inserted into the positioning through hole of the fixed joint (501) and the rotating joint (502) through the optical shaft. The end face has a threaded hole for connecting the baffle (504). The baffle (504) is a round steel plate and is connected to the end face of the rotating shaft (503) with screws (505) to prevent the rotating shaft (503) from moving axially.

9. A method for unloading and attitude conversion of a heavy aircraft component, characterized in that, Based on the apparatus according to any one of claims 1-8; comprising the following steps: Step 1: Pull out the knurled positioning pin (305), release the locking relationship between the third positioning guide seat (303) and the fixed end positioning seat (304), separate the main support column (300) from the flipping frame (200), and then use the connection structure between the rotating joint (306) and the hinge support (302) to make the main support column (300) rotate outward around the second pin (307) to the non-working position and place it on the ground; Step 2: Two people simultaneously crank the hand winch (103), the hand winch (103) winds the steel wire rope (104), the steel wire rope (104) pulls the lifting ring (105), and drives the sliding platform (100) to slide in a straight line along the slide rail pair (102) on the base frame (800), thereby driving the flipping frame (200) and the aircraft parts to slide smoothly to the outside of the base frame (800), completing the unloading of the aircraft parts; Step 3: Use the ratchet lifter (406) to fine-tune the height, and drive the pawl (4065) through the long handle (4066). The pawl (4065) moves the drive nut (4062) to rotate inside the sleeve (4061), driving the screw (405) to rise and fall, so as to release the stress of the locking pin (404). Then pull out the locking pin (404) to disengage the second connector (402) from the fourth positioning guide seat (403) and remove the auxiliary support arm (400). This process requires the intervention of the factory crane to protect the aircraft parts. Step 4: The crane lifts the aircraft parts, causing the product and the flipping frame (200) to rotate around the hinge axis (503) of the hinge axis (500). By utilizing the relative rotation of the fixed joint (501) and the rotary joint (502), the attitude change of the product is completed safely and smoothly. Step 5: After the aircraft component attitude conversion is completed, move the entire device back to its theoretical state and reset and lock the main support column (300) to begin the assembly of the next aircraft component.

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