Desulfurization wastewater evaporation scale prevention and ash conveying blockage prevention method and system
By using a combination of piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducers and dual-axis reamer-type crushing and ash discharge valves in the evaporator, the scaling and clogging problems during the evaporation of desulfurization wastewater were solved, achieving the system's anti-scaling and anti-clogging effects.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202611059462.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-07-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-11-06
AI Technical Summary
During the high-temperature evaporation process, desulfurization wastewater is prone to forming hard scale on the tower wall, which leads to equipment blockage and physical blockage of the ash conveying system. Existing technologies are difficult to effectively prevent and treat this.
The process employs a piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducer to emit alternating mechanical vibration energy to break down the inorganic salt crystal layer. Combined with a dual-axis reamer-type crushing and ash discharge valve, the process further involves using a humidity measuring and control instrument and a pneumatic valve to inject atomized droplets to regulate the material temperature and humidity, preventing recrystallization.
It effectively blocks the formation of dense, hard scale, ensures smooth material discharge, reduces equipment downtime and manual cleaning frequency, and lowers the risk of system blockage.
Smart Images
Figure CN123041632A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of wastewater evaporation and scale prevention technology, specifically to a method and system for preventing scale evaporation and ash conveying blockage in desulfurization wastewater. Background Technology
[0002] To achieve zero discharge of desulfurization wastewater, the widely adopted technology is spray evaporation using high-temperature bypass flue gas within an evaporation tower. However, this technology faces the intractable problem of scaling and clogging in practical engineering applications. Specifically, during the rapid evaporation and cooling process within the evaporation tower, salts such as calcium sulfate, calcium carbonate, and sodium chloride in the desulfurization wastewater partially crystallize and deposit on the metal tower walls, forming a hard mixed scale layer. As operating time increases, this scale layer thickens, and large pieces are prone to detaching when subjected to external physical factors such as tower vibration, temperature fluctuations, or unit shutdown. These detached scale pieces are large, hard, and irregular in shape; their direct fall and jamming at the rotary ash discharge valve at the bottom of the evaporation tower can cause equipment overload or even shutdown. Meanwhile, when such materials enter the downstream ash conveying system, they are prone to physical blockage in areas with limited flow sections, such as the feed valve, discharge valve, or pipe bend of the silo pump, causing the entire pneumatic ash conveying system to malfunction. Even if they successfully enter the final ash silo, they are prone to secondary blockage at the discharge port at the bottom of the ash silo.
[0003] To address the system blockage problem caused by hard scaling, existing solutions are mostly limited to reactive, post-event measures. For example, a common approach is for personnel to manually clean the evaporator tower after the unit is shut down. This method not only involves harsh working conditions and immense labor intensity but also directly sacrifices the generator unit's operational efficiency. Some systems employ equipment enhancement strategies, using more robust crushers for forced fragmentation after the event. However, when dealing with large, high-hardness scale blocks, this easily leads to wear or breakage of the metal blades, causing secondary mechanical failures. Furthermore, while pre-treatment with softening agents can reduce the concentration of scaling factors in desulfurization wastewater, such chemical treatment processes are large, complex, and costly in terms of operation and investment. Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a comprehensive technical solution that can proactively intervene and prevent the formation of dense scale layers, while simultaneously providing in-situ harmless treatment of the attached scale and preventing blockages in the transport pipelines, thus fundamentally solving the physical blockage problem of the system. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method and system for preventing scale buildup during desulfurization wastewater evaporation and preventing clogging during ash conveying. This solves the problem of hard scale easily forming on the tower wall during the high-temperature evaporation process of desulfurization wastewater, as well as the serious physical blockage of the ash discharge equipment and pneumatic conveying system caused by the shedding of this large-sized hard scale and the recrystallization of free salts.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The first aspect of the present invention provides a method for preventing scale buildup during evaporation and preventing clogging during ash conveying of desulfurization wastewater, comprising the following steps:
[0006] The piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducer is controlled to emit alternating mechanical vibration energy to the inner wall of the evaporator, causing the inorganic salt crystal layer attached to the inner wall of the evaporator to detach and fall off and transform into a sheet-like deposit. The dual-axis reamer crusher discharge valve controls the dry physical crushing of falling flaky attachments, outputting granular materials with a maximum geometric size smaller than the feed size threshold of the downstream pneumatic conveying equipment. The initial absolute temperature and initial mass moisture content of the particulate material after it enters the ash conveying system pipeline are obtained. If the initial absolute temperature and initial mass moisture content do not meet the target cooling absolute temperature threshold and target mass moisture content range threshold preset based on the anti-recrystallization conditions, calculate the compensation liquid water mass flow rate, and control the pneumatic valve to inject a group of atomized liquid droplets converted from the compensation liquid water mass flow rate into the ash conveying system pipeline. The droplets absorb heat during phase change on the surface of the particulate material and form a liquid film to inhibit recrystallization.
[0007] Furthermore, the process of controlling the piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducer to emit alternating mechanical vibration energy towards the inner wall of the evaporator includes: A high-frequency alternating electrical signal with a fixed frequency of 28kHz is output to an array of piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducers, and intermittent timing control logic including a vibration start period and a vibration stop period is executed in a single cycle. Alternating mechanical vibration energy forms guided waves in the metal matrix of the evaporator. The negative pressure half-cycle of the ultrasonic wave causes the formation of micron-sized cavitation bubbles inside the liquid phase. The positive pressure half-cycle causes the micron-sized cavitation bubbles to close and generate micro-jets in the region near the wall. The formation of the inorganic salt crystal layer is interfered with by the superposition of local micro-jets impact and high-frequency alternating stress.
[0008] Furthermore, the specific process of performing dry physical shredding includes: The two drive shafts inside the dual-axis reamer crusher ash discharge valve drive the toothed cutter head to perform opposite rotational motion, and set the radial physical gap between the outer edge physical boundary of the toothed cutter head and the inner wall of the shell to 3mm; When the geometry of an incompletely cleaved agglomerate that is too large exceeds 3mm, it is forcibly intercepted in the shearing working zone, and positive compressive stress and tangential shear stress are applied to induce mechanical fracture until the discharged particulate material meets the set feed size threshold of 50mm.
[0009] Furthermore, the process of obtaining the initial absolute temperature and initial mass moisture content of the particulate material after it enters the ash conveying system pipeline includes: The humidity measurement and control instrument, located at the measurement section of the ash conveying system pipeline, is activated. It receives the infrared radiation energy emitted by the surface of the granular material through the internally integrated infrared temperature probe to obtain the initial absolute temperature of the granular material. The microwave moisture meter, integrated within the humidity measurement and control instrument, transmits microwave signals to the particulate material passing through the measurement section and measures the phase difference and attenuation caused by the dielectric constant to obtain the initial mass moisture content of the particulate material.
[0010] Furthermore, the process of calculating the compensated liquid water mass flow rate involves using a combined thermodynamic and mass conservation algorithm model. This process specifically includes: Calculate the mass of liquid water required to increase the moisture content of the material from its initial mass moisture content to the threshold of the target mass moisture content range; The calculation utilizes the principle of sensible heat absorption during the phase change of water to determine the mass compensation value of evaporated water that must be consumed to reduce the absolute temperature of the material system from the initial absolute temperature to the target cooling absolute temperature threshold. The required liquid water compensation mass flow rate is calculated by summing the mass of liquid water required to increase the moisture content of the material from the initial mass moisture content to the target mass moisture content range threshold, and the mass of evaporated water that must be consumed to reduce the absolute temperature of the material system from the initial absolute temperature to the target cooling absolute temperature threshold by utilizing the principle of sensible heat absorption by water phase change.
[0011] Furthermore, the process of controlling the pneumatic valve to inject a group of atomized droplets, converted from the mass flow rate of compensated liquid water, into the ash conveying system pipeline includes: The calculated compensated liquid water mass flow rate is converted into an analog tuning electrical signal and transmitted to the electro-pneumatic positioner of the pneumatic valve to adjust the valve core opening for quantitatively introducing external water. Based on the physical movement time of particulate material within the ash conveying system pipeline driven by gas-solid two-phase flow, a control action timing delay parameter is set to ensure that the injection time of the atomized droplet group coincides with the time node when the particulate material group that triggers the corresponding adjustment command arrives at the injection section in internal physical space.
[0012] Furthermore, when the desulfurization wastewater process system is detected to be operating under conditions where the absolute temperature or inorganic salt concentration has reached the upper limit of the operating range, the intermittent timing control logic is dynamically adjusted: Modify the timing parameters for intermittent operation to shorten the total time of a single anti-scaling cycle and increase the frequency of mechanical vibration intervention per unit time; The preset value of the target mass moisture content threshold in the calculation model is increased synchronously to increase the compensated liquid water mass flow rate in the calculation output, so as to maintain the remaining liquid water after phase change endothermic heat absorption to form a continuous encapsulating liquid film on the surface of the particulate material.
[0013] Furthermore, the method also includes a safety interlock control step based on the absolute pressure of the pipeline: The absolute pressure value of the fluid inside the end of the ash conveying system pipeline is collected at a fixed sampling frequency. When the absolute pressure value of the pipeline exceeds the upper limit threshold of the physical blockage pressure based on the rated gas transmission pressure of the pipeline for three consecutive sampling cycles, it is determined that gas-solid flow blockage has occurred downstream. The pneumatic valve is forced to output a zero-position electrical signal to close the valve core and cut off the external water supply. It also drives the shut-off valve installed at the end of the ash conveying system pipeline to perform a mechanical closing action, blocking the one-way physical input of particulate material into the pipeline section with abnormal pressure.
[0014] Furthermore, the method also includes mechanical reverse interlocking logic based on motor stator current feedback for dual-axis reamer type crusher ash discharge valve: The system collects the input phase current value of the drive motor in real time. When the input phase current value exceeds the preset rated overload current threshold of the nominal operating parameters of the drive motor, it determines that the toothed cutter head has mechanically jammed. The system cuts off the forward operation power supply circuit of the drive motor and connects the reverse operation power supply circuit, driving the drive shaft to rotate in the reverse direction to remove the jammed material from the shearing working area. After the reverse action is maintained for a set time, the forward rotation command is executed again. If the stator current exceeds the overload threshold a number of times within a preset abnormal judgment time window, reaching the number of shutdown triggers set by the protection mechanism, a global system shutdown command is output.
[0015] A second aspect of the present invention provides a system for implementing the above-mentioned methods for preventing scale evaporation and ash conveying in desulfurization wastewater, comprising: The main structure of the evaporator tower consists of a longitudinally arranged evaporator cylinder and an evaporator cone fixedly connected to the bottom of the evaporator cylinder; Multiple piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducers are fixed in an array on the outer shell of the evaporator cylinder and the evaporator cone by flange bolts. The physical emitting end face of the piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducer is flush with the inner wall surface to define the periodic ultrasonic vibration area inside. The manual slide gate valve and the double-shaft reamer type crushing and ash discharge valve are installed in series along the discharge port at the bottom of the evaporator cone in the direction of vertical material fall. The ash conveying system pipeline has its inlet end connected to the bottom outlet end of the dual-shaft reamer type crusher ash discharge valve, and its end end fixedly connected to the inlet of the ash conveying silo pump. The humidity measurement and control instrument has a probe structure that penetrates the pipe wall of the ash conveying system between the dual-axis reamer crusher ash discharge valve and the ash conveying silo pump. The pneumatic valve is installed on the water spray branch pipe of the ash conveying system pipeline that connects to the external water source and is connected to the humidity measurement and control instrument for signal transmission; the shut-off valve is installed on the pipeline of the ash conveying system near the feed inlet area of the ash silo pump and is used to control the unidirectional physical flow of internal materials.
[0016] This invention provides a method and system for preventing scale buildup during evaporation and preventing clogging during ash conveying in desulfurization wastewater. It offers the following advantages: 1. This invention utilizes piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducers arranged in an array outside the evaporator to induce micron-level cavitation and micro-jet impact in the internal liquid phase through high-frequency alternating mechanical vibration. This physical intervention mechanism directly disrupts the ordered arrangement of the inorganic salt lattice, blocking the continuous formation of dense, hard ceramic scale from the source and transforming it into loose, porous, sheet-like deposits. This reduces the bonding force between the crystals and the metal wall, thereby reducing the difficulty of subsequent system discharge and the risk of blockage.
[0017] 2. This invention uses a dual-axis reamer-type crusher ash discharge valve connected in series in the discharge stage to perform dry physical chopping on the detached flaky attachments. Relying on the specific radial physical gap set between the toothed cutter array and the inner wall of the shell, the device forcibly intercepts and shears lumps that exceed the size limit, ensuring that the maximum geometric size of the output is strictly lower than the feeding threshold of the downstream pneumatic conveying equipment. This mechanism eliminates the hidden danger of geometric blockage of large-sized materials inside the ash conveying pipeline and at the valve assembly, ensuring that the ash discharge channel is unobstructed.
[0018] 3. The system of this invention uses a humidity measurement and control instrument to obtain the absolute temperature and mass moisture content of the material in the ash conveying pipeline in real time, and calls a thermodynamic and mass conservation composite algorithm model to calculate the precise amount of compensation water. Atomized droplets are quantitatively injected through a pneumatic valve. The phase change of water absorbs sensible heat and forms a liquid film on the particle surface, cutting off the hygroscopic recrystallization path of high concentration of free salt. This closed-loop control system automatically and dynamically adjusts according to the ash condition, and can maintain the discrete powder fluidization characteristics of the material without manual intervention, greatly reducing the frequency of equipment downtime and manual cleaning caused by blockage. Attached Figure Description
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the conditioning control logic flow of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the system safety interlocking and anomaly protection logic flow of the present invention.
[0020] Among them, 1. Piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducer; 2. Flange bolt connection; 3. Evaporator cylinder of the periodic ultrasonic vibration zone; 5. Evaporator cone; 6. Manual slide gate valve; 7. Dual-shaft reamer type crusher ash discharge valve ash silo pump; 9. Shut-off valve; 10. Humidity measuring and control instrument; 11. Pneumatic valve; 12. Ash conveying system pipeline. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0022] See attached document Figure 1 The present invention provides a desulfurization wastewater evaporation scale prevention and ash conveying anti-clogging system, which may include: an evaporation tower main structure, a sound wave generating component, a crushing and discharging component, and a conditioning and conveying component.
[0023] The main structure of the evaporator tower consists of a longitudinally arranged evaporator cylinder 4 and an evaporator cone 5 fixedly connected to the bottom of the evaporator cylinder 4.
[0024] Multiple piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducers 1 are arranged in a staggered array on the outer wall of the lower straight section of the evaporator cylinder 4 and the outer wall of the evaporator cone 5. Each piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducer 1 is fixed to the outer shell of the evaporator cylinder 4 and the evaporator cone 5 by a flange bolt connection 2. The physical emitting end face of each piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducer 1 is flush with the inner wall surface of the evaporator cylinder 4 and the evaporator cone 5.
[0025] Multiple piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducers 1 emit ultrasonic waves according to a preset intermittent operating cycle. The propagation range of the sound waves jointly defines the periodic ultrasonic vibration zone 3 in the internal space of the evaporator cylinder 4 and the evaporator cone 5.
[0026] The bottom end face of the evaporator cone 5 is provided with a discharge port. A manual slide gate valve 6 and a double-shaft reamer type crushing and ash discharge valve 7 are installed in series along the vertical falling direction of the material at the discharge port. The top flange of the manual slide gate valve 6 is fixedly connected to the bottom discharge port of the evaporator cone 5, and the bottom flange of the manual slide gate valve 6 is fixedly connected to the top feed port of the double-shaft reamer type crushing and ash discharge valve 7.
[0027] The dual-axis reamer-type crusher ash discharge valve 7 has two parallel rotary drive shafts horizontally arranged inside its housing. Wear-resistant metal toothed cutter heads are staggered on the outer circumferential surfaces of the two rotary drive shafts. The radial distance between the outer physical boundary of each toothed cutter head and the inner wall of the dual-axis reamer-type crusher ash discharge valve 7 housing is set to 3mm.
[0028] The bottom discharge end of the dual-shaft reamer type crusher ash discharge valve 7 is connected to the ash conveying system pipeline 12. The end of the ash conveying system pipeline 12 is fixedly connected to the inlet of the ash conveying silo pump 8.
[0029] A humidity measuring and controlling instrument 10 is installed in the area of the ash conveying system pipeline 12 located between the dual-shaft cutter-type crusher ash discharge valve 7 and the ash conveying silo pump 8. The probe structure of the humidity measuring and controlling instrument 10 penetrates the pipe wall of the ash conveying system pipeline 12 and extends into the internal space of the pipeline.
[0030] The ash conveying system pipeline 12 is equipped with a water spray branch pipe connected to an external water source, and a pneumatic valve 11 is installed on the water spray branch pipe. The pneumatic valve 11 is connected to the humidity measuring and control instrument 10 via electrical wiring.
[0031] A shut-off valve 9 is installed on the pipeline 12 of the ash conveying system near the inlet area of the ash conveying silo pump 8. The shut-off valve 9 is used to control the unidirectional physical flow of material inside the ash conveying system pipeline 12 toward the ash conveying silo pump 8.
[0032] See attached document Figure 2 The present invention also provides a method for preventing scale evaporation and preventing clogging of desulfurization wastewater. The method is implemented based on the aforementioned system architecture and includes an ultrasonic scale prevention treatment stage, an in-situ mechanical crushing stage, and a multi-parameter feedback conditioning stage executed sequentially.
[0033] During the ultrasonic anti-scaling treatment stage, the piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducer 1 emits sound waves towards the inner walls of the evaporator cylinder 4 and the evaporator cone 5. The mechanical vibration energy of the ultrasound is transmitted through the metal wall substrate to the desulfurization wastewater salt crystallization layer generated inside. This vibration energy interferes with the salt crystallization process, destroying the physical bonding force between the inorganic salt crystals and the metal wall surface, and inducing cavitation effects at the gas-liquid-solid three-phase interface. This process leads to stress concentration and cleavage cracks within the continuously distributed hard salt crystallization layer, preventing the formation of a dense ceramic scale layer and promoting the transformation of the salt crystallization layer into a loosely structured, flaky deposit.
[0034] During the in-situ mechanical crushing stage, the loosely structured flaky deposits detach from the inner wall under gravity and fall downwards along with the dry ash. When the mixture passes through the manual slide valve 6 into the internal chamber of the dual-shaft reamer-type crushing and ash discharge valve 7, two parallel and counter-rotating drive shafts drive the toothed cutter heads. The preset gap formed between the toothed cutter head array and the inner wall of the housing applies forced mechanical shearing and compression to the flaky deposits. This physical crushing process dry-crushes lumps exceeding the preset discharge specifications, outputting particulate material with a controlled maximum physical particle size, making it conform to the feed size threshold of downstream pneumatic conveying equipment.
[0035] During the multi-parameter feedback conditioning stage, the crushed particulate material is discharged and conveyed along the ash conveying system pipeline 12. A humidity measurement and control instrument 10, installed on the pipeline, collects real-time data on the current absolute temperature and current moisture content of the material flowing through the pipeline. The system's internal control unit receives this collected data and compares it with pre-set target cooling thresholds and target moisture content ranges.
[0036] If the collected data is not within the target range, the control unit calculates the required liquid water compensation amount based on the principles of mass conservation and thermal balance. The control unit outputs a corresponding tuning electrical signal to the pneumatic valve 11, controlling the valve opening to inject external water into the ash conveying system pipeline 12 in atomized form. During the subsequent conveying and fluidization process, the atomized water wets and physically encapsulates the dry ash particles and high-concentration soluble salts within the material system. This moisture distribution prevents the free salts from recrystallizing and solidifying due to moisture absorption inside the ash conveying system pipeline 12 and the ash silo pump 8, thus maintaining the preset flow pattern of the material.
[0037] The source-based anti-scaling treatment steps provided in this embodiment, based on the ultrasonic cavitation effect, involve driving the piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducer 1 to perform a physical intervention procedure through a control system.
[0038] The control system synchronously or in groups outputs high-frequency alternating electrical signals to each piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducer 1, which is arranged in an alternating array. Under the action of the alternating electric field, the piezoelectric crystal material inside the piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducer 1 undergoes the inverse piezoelectric effect, converting electrical energy into mechanical vibration energy and outputting mechanical vibration at a fixed frequency of 28kHz.
[0039] The mechanical vibration output employs intermittent timing control logic. The control system sets a complete operating cycle, which consists of alternating vibration start and vibration stop periods. In specific implementation, the vibration start period is set to 2 minutes, and the vibration stop period is set to 20 minutes. This intermittent operating sequence allows the piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducer 1 to provide periodic mechanical intervention while simultaneously performing physical heat dissipation, maintaining the piezoelectric element within the allowable operating temperature threshold.
[0040] Mechanical vibration is coupled and transmitted to the metal matrix of the evaporator shell 4 and evaporator cone 5 via the surface contact structure of the flange bolt connection 2. The 28kHz fundamental frequency vibration forms a guided wave in the metal wall and excites a periodic ultrasonic vibration zone 3 at the multiphase interface inside the tower.
[0041] During the evaporation of desulfurization wastewater from high-temperature bypass flue gas, droplets containing inorganic salts such as calcium sulfate, calcium carbonate, and sodium chloride come into contact with the tower wall. When localized evaporation of water from the droplets causes the salt concentration to exceed saturation, salt molecules nucleate on the metal wall and begin crystal growth. At this time, high-frequency micro-amplitude mechanical displacement propagating along the metal wall applies periodic alternating shear stress to the deposits at the solid-liquid interface.
[0042] Simultaneously, the high-frequency vibrational sound wave energy induces cavitation in the incompletely evaporated liquid phase. The negative pressure half-cycle of the ultrasound causes the formation of micron-sized cavitation bubbles inside the liquid; in the subsequent positive pressure half-cycle, these cavitation bubbles are rapidly compressed and collapse asymmetrically. The instantaneous collapse of the bubbles generates localized microjets and shock waves in the vicinity of the wall region, falling within the realm of micro-fluid dynamics.
[0043] The combined effect of the physical impact of the microjets and the high-frequency alternating stress directly interferes with the ordered arrangement process of the inorganic salt lattice. This physical intervention blocks the continuous, dense growth path of the salt crystal layer along the wall. During the development process, stress concentration generates high-density dislocations and microscopic cleavage cracks within the crystal structure. After this intervention, the crystalline phase, which originally tended to form high-hardness, high-density crystals, is transformed into porous aggregates, and the interfacial bonding physical energy between these aggregates and the inner wall of the evaporator cylinder 4 is weakened.
[0044] The dry in-situ crushing step based on biaxial mechanical shearing provided in this embodiment uses a mechanical device to perform physical crushing and granulation on the solid attachments that have detached from the inner wall.
[0045] Inside the evaporator cylinder 4 and evaporator cone 5, the mixed ash material in a high-temperature, dry state, along with the flaky deposits detached from the metal wall after prior physical intervention, falls vertically under the influence of gravity. During the system's discharge cycle, the manual slide gate valve 6 remains physically open. The falling solid material, relying on its own gravitational potential energy, passes through the flange channel of the manual slide gate valve 6 and enters the upper feed chamber of the double-axis reamer-type crusher ash discharge valve 7 directly below without obstruction.
[0046] The dual-shaft reamer-type crusher and ash discharge valve 7 receives the driving force of an external motor. Two horizontally parallel drive shafts inside its housing perform opposing inward rotational movements. Wear-resistant metal toothed cutters fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the drive shafts rotate synchronously with the shafts, continuously forming a dynamic physical meshing and shearing working zone in the area connecting the center lines of the two drive shafts and between the running trajectory of the toothed cutters and the inner wall of the housing.
[0047] When porous, sheet-like deposits exceeding the target volume threshold are drawn into an array of opposing rotating toothed cutters by gravity and the movement of the shaft, the metal cutters apply both positive physical compressive stress and tangential mechanical shear stress to the material encased in the outer shell. Because the crystal structure of the sheet-like deposits has been weakened in the previous process, their compressive and shear strengths are low. When the mechanical stress applied by the toothed cutters at a local point of application exceeds the yield limit of the material in its current state, the sheet-like deposits undergo macroscopic brittle fracture and physical pulverization along micro-cracks.
[0048] The strictly defined 3mm radial physical gap between the outer edge of the toothed cutter head and the inner wall of the dual-axis reamer-type crusher ash discharge valve 7 constitutes the dimensional constraint boundary for material passage through the valve body. This gap is configured to forcibly intercept excessively large, incompletely cleaved agglomerates, causing them to remain in the shearing working zone and undergo secondary or multiple cuts from the rotating cutter head until their three-dimensional geometry is reduced to a size that allows them to pass through the gap.
[0049] After continuous dry physical shearing and extrusion discharge, the particle mixture output from the bottom discharge port of the dual-axis reamer type crusher ash discharge valve 7 has its maximum individual geometric particle size of the scale contained within it physically constrained to within a threshold limit of 50 mm. This discharge particle size status eliminates the conditions for physical geometric blockage of subsequent materials entering the bend area inside the ash conveying system pipeline 12 and at the valve assembly of the ash conveying silo pump 8.
[0050] See attached document Figure 3 The ash mixing, humidification, and conditioning step provided in this embodiment maintains the physical stability of the gas-solid two-phase flow by performing closed-loop intervention on the thermodynamic state and moisture content of the material inside the conveying pipeline.
[0051] The particulate material output from the dual-axis reamer crusher ash discharge valve 7 enters the ash conveying system pipeline 12 and moves along the inner cavity of the pipeline. The humidity measurement and control instrument 10, located at the pipeline measurement node, initiates a data sampling sequence. Its integrated infrared temperature probe receives the infrared radiation energy emitted from the material surface, while the microwave humidity probe emits microwave signals through the material's cross-section and measures the phase difference and attenuation caused by the dielectric constant. The humidity measurement and control instrument 10 converts these physical quantities into corresponding continuous electrical signals, acquiring the initial absolute temperature and initial mass moisture content data of the current material.
[0052] The aforementioned sampling data is transmitted in real time to the system's programmable logic control unit (PLC) via signal cables. The PLC's registers are pre-programmed with target state parameters, including the set target absolute temperature threshold for cooling and the set target moisture content range threshold. The PLC performs a Boolean logic comparison between the input real-time data and the preset thresholds.
[0053] When the logical comparison result shows that the real-time data exceeds the preset boundary conditions, the control unit invokes the built-in thermodynamic and mass conservation composite algorithm model. This model calculates the compensation liquid water mass flow rate required to maintain the target physical state of the material. The mathematical expression of the algorithm model is: ; in, Refers to the compensated liquid water mass flow rate calculated by the system; Refers to the initial mass flow rate of solid materials inside pipeline 12 of the ash conveying system; Refers to the target mass moisture content threshold set by the control unit; Refers to the initial mass moisture content of the material collected in real time by the microwave humidity probe; Refers to the constant pressure specific heat capacity constant of solid particulate materials in a pipeline; Refers to the initial absolute temperature of the material collected in real time by the infrared temperature measuring probe; Refers to the target absolute temperature threshold for cooling set by the control unit; It refers to the latent heat of vaporization of liquid water under the system operating pressure.
[0054] Based on the calculated values output by the aforementioned model, the control unit generates a corresponding analog tuning electrical signal. This tuning electrical signal is transmitted to the electro-pneumatic positioner controlling the pneumatic valve 11. The valve stem of the pneumatic valve 11 is mechanically displaced by the compression spring of the drive mechanism, changing the flow cross-sectional area between the valve core and the valve seat. External liquid water is forced into the ash conveying system pipeline 12 through the open spray branch pipe section, and breaks up and disperses into atomized droplet groups under the action of the flow field inside the pipe.
[0055] The solid particles moving along the ash conveying system pipeline 12 pass through the aforementioned atomized droplet region. The atomized droplets undergo physical spreading and adsorption on the surface of the solid powder. Some of the liquid water absorbs the sensible heat carried by the solid particles and undergoes phase change vaporization, reducing the overall physical temperature of the material through the transfer of latent heat of vaporization. The remaining liquid water forms a liquid film encapsulating the solid particles.
[0056] The encapsulated liquid film seals the surface micropores of free sodium chloride, calcium sulfate, and other soluble salt crystals remaining after the evaporation of desulfurization wastewater. This interfacial physical isolation effect cuts off the capillary path for ambient vapor moisture to penetrate into the salt crystals, thus inhibiting the phase transition process of secondary recrystallization of the soluble salts under static or stacked conditions. The humidified and cooled particulate material maintains its discrete powder fluidization characteristics and enters the feed inlet of the ash conveying silo pump 8 through the normally open shut-off valve 9, thus performing the subsequent pressurized pneumatic conveying cycle.
[0057] This embodiment provides a method for preventing scaling and ash conveying blockage in a high-temperature bypass flue gas evaporation desulfurization wastewater system under conventional unit load conditions. Under this basic operating condition, the bypass flue gas flow rate entering the evaporator shell 4 and the desulfurization wastewater injection rate are both maintained within the system's rated design parameters.
[0058] The control unit activates the piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducers 1 distributed on the outer walls of the evaporator cylinder 4 and the evaporator cone 5. The control unit configures the underlying timing logic to output a constant 28kHz alternating drive electrical signal to each transducer unit. The operating sequence parameters are set to maintain continuous electrical signal output for 120 seconds, followed by disconnection of the drive signal and maintenance of an electrically static state for 1200 seconds. This alternation of 120 seconds of operation and 1200 seconds of static state constitutes a single anti-scaling cycle, which is continuously repeated throughout the unit's operating cycle.
[0059] Solid particles detaching from the inner wall of the evaporator fall under gravity, passing through the opening of the manual slide gate valve 6 and entering the interior of the dual-axis reamer-type crushing and ash discharge valve 7. An external motor drives two sets of parallel main shafts to rotate in opposite directions at a fixed speed. The solid particles fall into the 3mm radial gap area formed by the toothed cutter head and the inner wall of the casing. Under the mechanical shearing and normal compressive stress generated by the toothed cutter head, the agglomerates, which originally exceeded their geometric volume specifications, physically fracture. The mixed solid particles discharged from the bottom of the dual-axis reamer-type crushing and ash discharge valve 7 have a maximum individual geometric size ranging from 35mm to 45mm, all below the 50mm physical passage threshold set by the pneumatic conveying equipment.
[0060] The discharged material enters the straight section of pipeline 12 of the ash conveying system. Target physical state parameters are pre-written into the control system register: the target absolute temperature threshold for cooling is set to 343.15K, and the target moisture content threshold is set to 10%. At the set sampling time points, the humidity measurement controller 10 performs physical quantity acquisition. The data frame fed back to the control system shows: the initial absolute temperature of the solid particles passing through the measurement section is 353.15K, the initial moisture content is 2%, and the initial mass flow rate of the solid material during this period is 1.389 kg per second.
[0061] The control unit performs Boolean logic checks on the input variables to confirm that the temperature and moisture content are not within the preset threshold range, and then triggers the algorithm model's calculation program. The control unit's calculation module, according to the built-in formula, first calculates the mass of liquid water required to increase the moisture content of 1.389 kg of material per second from 2% to 10%; then it calculates the necessary compensation value for the mass of evaporated water consumed to reduce the absolute temperature of the material system from 353.15 K to 343.15 K by utilizing the principle of sensible heat absorption during water phase change.
[0062] The control unit sums the above two calculation results to obtain the liquid water compensation mass flow rate to be executed in the current period. The control unit converts this flow rate value into a control current signal and transmits it to the electro-pneumatic positioner of the pneumatic valve 11. The pneumatic valve 11 adjusts the valve core opening area according to the instruction, controlling the external liquid water to be injected into the ash conveying system pipeline 12 in the form of atomized droplets. The material particles pass through the atomization distribution area, and the particle surface adsorbs moisture. The material conveyed to the front of the shut-off valve 9 has its actual physical temperature reduced to the preset 343.15K, and the internal free salt is covered by a physical liquid film with a surface water content of 10%, and finally enters the ash conveying silo pump 8 under the drive of airflow.
[0063] This embodiment provides a method for preventing scale buildup during evaporation and preventing clogging during ash conveying in desulfurization wastewater. Under this specific operating condition, the absolute temperature of the bypass flue gas input to the evaporator cylinder 4 and the mass concentration of soluble inorganic salts in the desulfurization wastewater are both within the upper limit operating range of the system hardware design.
[0064] The control unit modifies the underlying timing control logic of the piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducer 1 according to the set high-load operating parameters to match the increased inorganic salt crystallization rate under this condition. The drive signal frequency of the piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducer 1 is maintained at a constant value of 28kHz. The control unit adjusts its intermittent operation timing parameters to: continuously outputting an electrical signal for 180 seconds, then cutting off the drive signal and maintaining an electrically static state for 900 seconds. This parameter configuration shortens the total time of a single anti-scaling cycle and increases the frequency of mechanical vibration intervention per unit time. The high-frequency mechanical vibration is transmitted through the metal wall, continuously disrupting the inorganic salt lattice arrangement in a high-growth-rate state, preventing the continuous formation of a thick and dense crystalline layer under high-salt conditions in a short period of time.
[0065] For the detached deposits with increased physical thickness due to high salt concentration, they pass through the manual slide gate valve 6 and enter the internal chamber of the dual-axis reamer-type crushing and ash discharge valve 7 under gravity. Inside the dual-axis reamer-type crushing and ash discharge valve 7, two sets of parallel main shafts and toothed cutter arrays maintain opposite rotation. The thick detached deposits entering the shearing working zone are physically intercepted by a 3mm radial gap between the edge of the toothed cutter and the inner wall of the outer shell. The opposing rotating metal cutters forcibly apply positive compressive stress and tangential shear stress to the material. When the applied mechanical stress exceeds the structural yield limit of the thick solid material, physical fracture and fragmentation of the material occur. The maximum geometric size of the discharged solid particle group is constrained by the physical gap, with measured values ranging from 45mm to 48mm, remaining below the physical passage threshold of 50mm.
[0066] The physically shredded material enters the straight section of the ash conveying system pipeline 12 for gas-solid two-phase flow. To eliminate the hygroscopic recrystallization conditions caused by high concentrations of free salt, the control unit register adjusts the target physical state parameters: the target cooling absolute temperature threshold is maintained at 343.15 K, and the target mass moisture content threshold is increased to 12%. At the data sampling node, the humidity measurement and control instrument 10 performs physical quantity acquisition. The data fed back to the control system shows that the initial absolute temperature of the solid particles passing through the measurement section reaches 368.15 K, the initial mass moisture content is 1%, and the initial solid mass flow rate monitoring value during this period is 2.15 kg per second.
[0067] The control unit's logic module determines that the input parameter deviates from the preset threshold and immediately invokes the thermodynamic and mass compensation algorithm. The control unit calculates the basic liquid water mass required to increase the moisture content of 2.15 kg of dry material per second from 1% to 12%; simultaneously, it calculates the mass compensation value of evaporated water required to reduce the absolute temperature of the overall material system by 25 K (i.e., to 343.15 K) from 368.15 K using the latent heat of vaporization in the liquid phase.
[0068] Combining the high flow compensation values obtained from the two calculations, the control unit outputs an increased control current to the electro-pneumatic positioner of the pneumatic valve 11. The drive mechanism compresses the control spring of the pneumatic valve 11, performing a large-section opening action. External water enters the pipeline at a high flow rate and is dispersed into a high-density atomized droplet group. The high-temperature, high-salt particle group passes through the atomization zone, and the water on the particle surface undergoes a violent phase change vaporization, absorbing the sensible heat of the material until the overall absolute temperature drops to 343.15K. The remaining un-phase-changed droplets spread on the inorganic salt-rich particle surface, forming a physically encapsulated liquid film that meets the target mass moisture content (12%). The physically stable discrete material group without the risk of secondary crystallization is conveyed through the shut-off valve 9 into the ash silo pump 8 for conveying.
[0069] See attached document Figure 4The method provided in this embodiment further includes timing coordination and safety interlocking steps based on programmable logic control unit to maintain the action matching and mechanical safety of each physical actuator in the system under continuous operation and abnormal conditions.
[0070] The programmable logic control unit (PLC) establishes physical communication links with the electrical actuators of the piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducer 1, the drive motor of the dual-axis reamer-type crusher ash discharge valve 7, the humidity measuring and controlling instrument 10, the pneumatic valve 11, and the shut-off valve 9 via hardwiring and an industrial signal bus. Under normal continuous material discharge conditions, the control unit sets the timing delay of each actuator based on the preset physical speed of material falling and the pipeline conveying speed.
[0071] When the control unit outputs a high-frequency drive signal to the piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducer 1 to perform physical intervention, the control unit simultaneously outputs a constant-frequency operating command to the drive motor of the dual-axis reamer-type crushing and ash discharge valve 7 to maintain the continuous mechanical shearing state of the toothed cutter array. To match the physical movement time of material falling from the ash discharge valve into the ash conveying system pipeline 12 and reaching the monitoring section of the humidity measuring and control instrument 10 under the drive of gas-solid two-phase flow, the control unit starts an internal timer after receiving the first frame of deviation threshold data collected by the humidity measuring and control instrument 10. When the timer value reaches the preset pipeline transmission delay time node, the control unit outputs a tuning signal to the pneumatic valve 11 to open the external liquid water injection channel. This time difference configuration causes the spraying action of the atomized droplet group and the specific solid particle group that triggered the adjustment command to geometrically coincide in the internal physical space of the ash conveying system pipeline 12.
[0072] During operation, the system executes safety interlock control for gas transmission pressure. Pressure transmitters installed downstream of ash conveying pipeline 12 and in the area of ash silo pump 8 measure the absolute pressure of the fluid inside the pipeline at a fixed sampling frequency and transmit the pressure signal to the control unit. The control unit compares the real-time pressure value with a preset upper limit threshold for pipeline physical obstruction pressure. When the absolute pressure value exceeds this upper limit threshold for three consecutive sampling cycles, the control unit determines that gas-solid flow obstruction has occurred in the downstream pipeline. The control unit immediately executes the interlock shut-off procedure: first, it outputs a zero-position electrical signal to the electro-pneumatic positioner of pneumatic valve 11, forcibly closing the valve core and cutting off external water injection to prevent solid particles trapped in the pipeline from turning into liquid-solid mixed slurry due to continuous water injection; subsequently, the control unit outputs a closing command to the actuator of shut-off valve 9, driving internal components to perform a mechanical sealing action, blocking the physical input of upstream solid materials to the pressure-abnormal pipeline section.
[0073] For the physical crushing actuator, the system is configured with mechanical reversal interlocking logic based on motor stator current feedback. The current acquisition module inside the control unit reads the input phase current value of the drive motor of the dual-shaft reamer-type crusher ash discharge valve 7 in real time. When the hardness of the solid material entering the shearing working zone is too high, causing mechanical jamming of the toothed cutter head, the slip rate of the drive motor output shaft changes due to physical resistance, and the stator current value increases accordingly. If the monitored current value exceeds the preset rated overload current threshold, the control unit triggers the motor reversal control program. The control unit cuts off the power supply circuit for forward operation of the motor, and after a preset delay, connects the power supply circuit for reverse operation, driving the dual shafts and toothed cutter head to rotate mechanically in the opposite direction. The mechanical force of the reverse rotation pushes the solid material jammed in the cutter head gap out of the meshing area. After the reverse action is maintained for a set time period, the control unit issues a forward rotation command again. If the stator current exceeds the overload threshold a certain number of times within a set time window, the control unit outputs a global interlock shutdown command, cuts off the power supply to the piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducer 1, and controls all valves to enter the mechanically closed state.
Claims
1. A method for preventing scale buildup through evaporation and preventing clogging during ash conveying in desulfurization wastewater, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Control the piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducer (1) to emit alternating mechanical vibration energy to the inner wall of the evaporator, so that the inorganic salt crystal layer attached to the inner wall of the evaporator detaches and falls and is transformed into a sheet-like attachment. The dual-axis reamer crusher discharge valve (7) performs dry physical crushing of the falling sheet-like attachments and outputs particulate material with a maximum geometric size smaller than the feed size threshold of the downstream pneumatic conveying equipment. The initial absolute temperature and initial mass moisture content of the particulate material after it enters the ash conveying system pipeline (12) are obtained; If the initial absolute temperature and the initial mass moisture content do not meet the target cooling absolute temperature threshold and the target mass moisture content range threshold preset based on the anti-recrystallization condition, calculate the compensation liquid water mass flow rate, and control the pneumatic valve (11) to inject the atomized droplet group converted by the compensation liquid water mass flow rate into the ash conveying system pipeline (12), so that the phase change absorbs heat on the surface of the particulate material and forms a liquid film to inhibit recrystallization.
2. The method for preventing scale buildup and ash conveying blockage in desulfurization wastewater evaporation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of controlling the piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducer (1) to emit alternating mechanical vibration energy to the inner wall of the evaporator includes: The piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducers (1) arranged in an array output a high-frequency alternating electrical signal with a fixed frequency of 28kHz, and execute intermittent timing control logic that includes a vibration start period and a vibration stop period in a single cycle. The alternating mechanical vibration energy forms a guided wave in the metal matrix of the evaporator. The negative pressure half-cycle of the ultrasonic wave causes the formation of micron-sized cavitation bubbles inside the liquid phase. The positive pressure half-cycle causes the micron-sized cavitation bubbles to close and generate micro-jets in the region near the wall. The formation of the inorganic salt crystal layer is interfered with by the superposition of local micro-jets impact and high-frequency alternating stress.
3. The method for preventing scale buildup and ash conveying blockage in desulfurization wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific process of performing dry physical shredding includes: The two drive shafts inside the dual-axis reamer crusher ash discharge valve (7) are controlled to drive the toothed cutter head to perform opposite rotational motion, and the radial physical gap between the outer edge physical boundary of the toothed cutter head and the inner wall of the shell is set to 3mm; When the geometry of an incompletely cleaved agglomerate that is too large exceeds 3 mm, it is forcibly intercepted in the shearing working zone, and positive compressive stress and tangential shear stress are applied to induce mechanical fracture until the discharged particulate material meets the feed size threshold of 50 mm.
4. The method for preventing scale buildup and ash conveying blockage in desulfurization wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the initial absolute temperature and initial mass moisture content of the particulate material after it enters the ash conveying system pipeline (12) includes: Start the humidity measurement and control instrument (10) located at the measurement section of the ash conveying system pipeline (12), and receive the infrared radiation energy emitted by the surface of the granular material through the internally integrated infrared temperature probe to obtain the initial absolute temperature of the granular material. The microwave moisture meter probe integrated inside the humidity measuring and control instrument (10) emits a microwave signal to the particulate material passing through the measuring section, and measures the phase difference and attenuation caused by the dielectric constant to obtain the initial mass moisture content of the particulate material.
5. The method for preventing scale buildup and ash conveying blockage in desulfurization wastewater evaporation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of calculating the compensated liquid water mass flow rate, which involves calling a composite algorithm model of thermodynamics and mass conservation, specifically includes: Calculate the mass of liquid water required to increase the moisture content of the material from the initial mass moisture content to the threshold of the target mass moisture content range; The calculation utilizes the principle of sensible heat absorption during the phase change of water to determine the mass compensation value of evaporated water that must be consumed to reduce the absolute temperature of the material system from the initial absolute temperature to the target cooling absolute temperature threshold. Sum the results of the two calculations above to obtain the liquid water compensation mass flow rate that should be executed.
6. The method for preventing scale buildup and ash conveying blockage in desulfurization wastewater evaporation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process of controlling the pneumatic valve (11) to inject a group of atomized droplets converted from the compensated liquid water mass flow rate into the ash conveying system pipeline (12) includes: The calculated compensated liquid water mass flow rate is converted into an analog tuning electrical signal and transmitted to the electro-pneumatic positioner of the pneumatic valve (11) to adjust the valve core opening for quantitatively introducing external water source; Based on the physical movement time of the particulate material inside the ash conveying system pipeline (12) driven by gas-solid two-phase flow, a control action timing delay parameter is set so that the injection time of the atomized droplet group coincides with the time node when the particulate material group that triggers the corresponding adjustment command reaches the injection section in internal physical space.
7. The method for preventing scale buildup and ash conveying blockage in desulfurization wastewater according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the desulfurization wastewater process system is detected to be operating under conditions where the absolute temperature or inorganic salt concentration has reached the upper limit of the operating range, the intermittent timing control logic is dynamically adjusted: Modify the intermittent operation sequence parameters to shorten the total time of a single anti-scaling operation cycle and increase the frequency of mechanical vibration intervention per unit time; The preset value of the target mass moisture content threshold in the calculation model is increased synchronously, thereby increasing the compensated liquid water mass flow rate output by calculation, and maintaining the remaining liquid water after phase change endothermic heat absorption to form a continuous encapsulating liquid film on the surface of the particulate material.
8. The method for preventing scale buildup and ash conveying blockage in desulfurization wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes safety interlock control steps based on pipeline absolute pressure: The absolute pressure value of the fluid inside the end of the ash conveying system pipeline (12) is collected at a fixed sampling frequency; When the absolute pressure value of the pipeline exceeds the upper limit threshold of the physical blockage pressure based on the rated gas transmission pressure of the pipeline for three consecutive sampling cycles, it is determined that gas-solid flow blockage has occurred downstream. The pneumatic valve (11) is forced to output a zero-position electrical signal to close the valve core and cut off the external water source injection. The shut-off valve (9) installed at the end of the ash conveying system pipeline (12) is driven to perform a mechanical closing action to block the one-way physical input of the particulate material to the pressure abnormal pipe section.
9. A method for preventing scale buildup and ash conveying blockage in desulfurization wastewater according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a mechanical reversal interlocking logic based on motor stator current feedback for the dual-axis reamer type crusher ash discharge valve (7): The input phase current value of the drive motor is collected in real time. When the input phase current value exceeds the rated overload current threshold preset by the nominal operating parameters of the drive motor, it is determined that the toothed cutter head has mechanically jammed. The forward power supply circuit of the drive motor is cut off, and the reverse power supply circuit is connected. The drive shaft is driven to rotate in the reverse direction so that the stuck material is removed from the shearing working area. After the reverse action is maintained for a set time, the forward rotation command is executed again. If, within a preset anomaly detection time window, the number of times the stator current exceeds the overload threshold reaches the number of shutdown triggers set by the protection mechanism, a global system shutdown command will be output.
10. A desulfurization wastewater evaporation scale prevention and ash conveying anti-clogging system, characterized in that, The method for preventing scale buildup and ash conveying in desulfurization wastewater as described in any one of claims 1-9 includes: The main structure of the evaporator tower consists of a longitudinally arranged evaporator cylinder (4) and an evaporator cone (5) fixedly connected to the bottom of the evaporator cylinder (4); Multiple piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducers (1) are fixed in an array on the outer shell of the evaporator cylinder (4) and the evaporator cone (5) by flange bolts (2). The physical emitting end face of the piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducer (1) is flush with the inner wall surface to define a periodic ultrasonic vibration area (3) inside. The manual slide gate valve (6) and the double-shaft reamer crushing and ash discharge valve (7) are connected in series along the discharge port at the bottom of the evaporator cone (5) in the direction of vertical material fall. Ash conveying system pipeline (12), the feed end of the ash conveying system pipeline (12) is connected to the bottom discharge end of the double-shaft reamer crusher ash discharge valve (7), and the end of the ash conveying system pipeline (12) is fixedly connected to the feed port of the ash conveying silo pump (8); Humidity measuring and control instrument (10), the probe structure of the humidity measuring and control instrument (10) penetrates the pipe wall of the ash conveying system pipeline (12) located between the dual-axis reamer crusher ash discharge valve (7) and the ash conveying silo pump (8); A pneumatic valve (11) is installed on the water spray branch pipe of the ash conveying system pipeline (12) that connects to the external water source and is connected to the humidity measuring and control instrument (10); The shut-off valve (9) is installed on the pipeline (12) of the ash conveying system near the inlet area of the ash conveying silo pump (8) to control the one-way flow of internal materials.