High-chromium alloy steel ball heat treatment tempering device
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202611261102.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-08-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-11-06
Smart Images
Figure CN123043276A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of tempering equipment technology, specifically to a heat treatment tempering equipment for high-chromium alloy steel balls. Background Technology
[0002] High-chromium alloy steel balls are an important grinding medium in ball mills, and their tempering treatment is a key process for eliminating quenching stress and improving microstructure and properties. Currently, the tempering treatment of high-chromium alloy steel balls usually adopts a separate tempering furnace. The steel balls are loaded into the material frame or placement rack in batches and sent into the furnace for heating and holding at a certain temperature. After the holding period, they are taken out and cooled.
[0003] However, tempering furnaces are functionally limited, and the tempering furnace and cooling device operate independently. The transfer of steel balls between different devices requires auxiliary equipment such as lifting conveyors, resulting in poor process coordination and low production efficiency. Furthermore, opening the furnace door during loading and unloading causes a large amount of hot air to escape, leading to significant heat loss from the furnace chamber. Therefore, we propose a heat treatment tempering device for high-chromium alloy steel balls.
[0004] The above content is only used to help understand the technical solution of the present invention and does not represent an admission that the above content is the closest prior art. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a heat treatment tempering device for high-chromium alloy steel balls to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. To achieve the above objective, this invention provides the following technical solution: a heat treatment tempering device for high-chromium alloy steel balls, comprising a tempering chamber, and further comprising: The preheating chamber is fixedly installed on one side of the tempering chamber and is used to preheat the high-chromium alloy steel balls that enter the tempering chamber. The cooling chamber is fixedly installed on the other side of the tempering chamber and is used to cool down the high-chromium alloy steel balls that have been tempered in the tempering chamber. An air pump is fixedly installed at the top of the cooling chamber. The output end of the air pump is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top of the preheating chamber through a conduit for the recovery and reuse of heat from the cooling chamber. The tempering unit is located inside the tempering chamber, preheating chamber, and cooling chamber, and is used for uniform tempering heating of high chromium alloy steel balls; The tempering unit includes: A linear feeding module is installed at the bottom of the tempering chamber, preheating chamber, and cooling chamber, and is used to feed materials at a constant speed along a straight line in the tempering chamber, preheating chamber, and cooling chamber. The flipping module, located on the linear feeding module, is used to flip and reposition the placed high-chromium alloy steel balls for heating during the tempering process. The rotating module, located inside the flipping module, is used to coordinate with the displacement of the flipping module to drive the high-chromium alloy steel ball to rotate and shift. The hot airflow counter-current module is located at the top of the tempering chamber to ensure uniform heat distribution within the chamber.
[0006] Preferably, the linear feeding module includes: The drive motor is fixedly installed on the outside of the cooling chamber and is used to provide external driving force for linear feeding; Sprocket 1 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor. Sprocket 2 is connected to the outer wall of sprocket 1 via chain drive, which is used to form a linear feeding path in the preheating chamber, tempering chamber and cooling chamber. The frame is located inside the preheating chamber, tempering chamber, and cooling chamber. The bottom of the frame is fixedly equipped with support legs to provide a placement position for the tempering process of high chromium alloy steel balls. The track groove is opened on the bottom inner wall of the preheating chamber, tempering chamber and cooling chamber. The outer wall of the chain is fixedly installed with a stop block, which is used to push the support leg to move linearly along the track groove as the chain moves. Multiple sets of partitions are installed at the ends and connections of the preheating chamber, tempering chamber, and cooling chamber. A spring clip is installed on one side of the partition to appropriately block the internal space of the preheating chamber, tempering chamber, and cooling chamber to reduce heat loss.
[0007] Preferably, there are two sets of track grooves, which are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the bottom wall of the tempering chamber. One set of track grooves has a rectangular groove at the bottom with a width greater than the width of the chain, and sprocket one and sprocket two are rotatably installed inside the rectangular groove.
[0008] Preferably, two sets of rollers are rotatably installed on the inner wall of the bottom end of the support leg, the gap between the two sets of rollers is greater than the width of the stop block, and the width of the support leg is adapted to the track groove.
[0009] Preferably, the flipping module includes: Three sets of fixing rods are fixedly installed in a linear array on the top inner surface of the frame. The ends of the fixing rods are fixedly connected to fixing rings, which are used as the support structure for the high chromium alloy steel balls inside the frame. A sleeve is fitted onto the outer wall of a fixed rod. An arc-shaped strip is fixedly connected to the end of the sleeve, which is used to deflect around the axis of the fixed rod as the center of rotation and to roll and push the high-chromium alloy steel ball. A lever is fixedly installed on the side of the arc-shaped strip near the edge of the frame. The inner wall of the frame is provided with an arc-shaped groove that movably engages with the lever, which is used to drive the arc-shaped strip to deflect around the axis of the fixed lever as the center of rotation. The fixed frame is fixedly installed on the inner walls of the front and rear sides of the tempering chamber. The upper surface of the fixed frame has several protrusions arranged in a linear array. The side wall of the frame is fixedly installed with a spring plate II, which is used to intermittently lift and elastically reset the lever in conjunction with the movement of the frame.
[0010] Preferably, the center point of the arc groove coincides with the end point of the axis of the fixing rod, and the bottom surface of the arc groove is flush with the upper surface of the fixing frame.
[0011] Preferably, the rotating module includes: An annular groove, formed on the inner surface of the fixed ring, is used to provide a rotation track for the rotating module; The swivel ring is rotatably mounted on the inner surface of the annular groove to support the high-chromium alloy steel ball and allow it to rotate within the annular groove. Several balls are disposed between the outer surface of the rotating ring and the annular groove to reduce the rotational friction of the rotating ring.
[0012] Preferably, the inner diameter of the rotating ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the high-chromium alloy steel ball, and an annular support portion is provided on the outer arc surface of the rotating ring, the annular support portion being rotatably engaged with the annular groove.
[0013] Preferably, the hot airflow counter-current module includes: The heater is fixedly installed on the top of the tempering chamber by a bracket, and the input end of the heater is connected to the conduit through a tee pipe to access and heat part of the hot gas flowing back in the conduit. A connecting pipe is fixedly installed at the output end of the heater, and a horizontal pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting pipe to guide the recirculated hot gas heated by the heater into the tempering chamber. Two sets of flow tubes are located on the front and rear sides of the horizontal tube, and each set of flow tubes consists of several units, arranged in a linear array along the length of the horizontal tube, to distribute the recirculated hot gas evenly in the tempering chamber.
[0014] Preferably, the diverter is configured in an arc shape, and the ends of the two diverters on the front and rear sides of the horizontal pipe face opposite directions.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention achieves continuous, streamlined operation by fixing the preheating chamber to one side of the tempering chamber and the cooling chamber to the other side, with partitions separating the three chambers. A chain drives the frame along a track at a constant speed, allowing high-chromium alloy steel balls to sequentially undergo preheating, tempering, and cooling processes. This avoids the need for transferring steel balls between different devices, improving process continuity and operational efficiency. The partitions automatically close after the frame passes, using spring clips to isolate the chambers and reduce the outward diffusion of hot air from the tempering chamber. This solves the problems of existing tempering furnaces, such as limited functionality, poor process continuity, and significant heat loss due to furnace door opening.
[0016] This invention also provides a fixed rod and a fixed ring on the inner surface of the top of the frame as a support structure for the steel ball. A sleeve and an arc-shaped strip that can rotate freely around the axis are fitted on the outer wall of the fixed rod. When the frame moves, the lever is lifted when it encounters the protrusion on the upper surface of the fixed frame. After passing the protrusion, the second spring plate elastically resets it. During the periodic deflection of the arc-shaped strip, a tangential force is generated on the surface of the steel ball that is in contact with the inner arc surface, forcing the steel ball to roll within the fixed ring. This causes the steel ball to continuously change its spatial position during the tempering process, avoiding the problem of insufficient contact between the steel ball and the hot air in some areas due to static stacking. This solves the problem of uneven heating of the steel ball during tempering.
[0017] This invention further solves the problem of uneven heating of the steel ball by opening an annular groove on the inner surface of the fixed ring and rotatably installing a rotating ring and balls in the annular groove. The steel ball is placed on the inner ring of the rotating ring and supported by the rotating ring. When the arc strip generates a tangential force on the surface of the steel ball, the steel ball drives the rotating ring to rotate around its own axis in the annular groove. The balls convert the sliding friction between the rotating ring and the annular groove into rolling friction to reduce the rotational resistance, so that the steel ball can rotate further around its own axis on the basis of rolling displacement. The contact area between the surface of the steel ball and the hot air is continuously renewed, avoiding the problem that the local area of the steel ball surface is always heated in the same direction while the opposite area is not heated enough.
[0018] This invention also involves installing a heater at the top of the tempering chamber and connecting it to a duct via a three-way pipe. The heater reheats a portion of the return hot air from the cooling chamber and then sends it to each branch pipe via a connecting pipe and a horizontal pipe. The branch pipes are arc-shaped with the ends of the two branch pipes on the front and rear sides of the horizontal pipe facing opposite directions. The two branch pipes facing opposite directions simultaneously eject hot air streams in opposite directions. The two hot air streams converge and collide in the middle of the tempering chamber, generating turbulence and disturbance effects, causing the hot air in the tempering chamber to form a multi-directional flow state. This eliminates the temperature stratification that may be caused by unidirectional airflow and utilizes the residual heat from the cooling chamber for supplementary heating, thus solving the problems of uneven temperature distribution and high tempering energy consumption in the tempering chamber. Attached Figure Description
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the tempering unit structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the linear feeding module structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle frame structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the flipping module and rotating module of the present invention; Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the hot airflow counterflow module of the present invention.
[0020] Figure Descriptions: 1. Tempering Chamber; 2. Preheating Chamber; 3. Cooling Chamber; 4. Tempering Unit; 41. Linear Feeding Module; 411. Drive Motor; 412. Sprocket 1; 413. Chain; 414. Sprocket 2; 415. Stop; 416. Track Groove; 417. Frame; 418. Support Leg; 419. Partition; 410. Spring 1; 42. Tilting Module; 421. Fixing Rod; 422. Fixed... 423. Fixed ring; 424. Sleeve; 425. Arc strip; 426. Lever; 427. Spring piece 2; 428. Arc groove; 429. Fixing bracket; 420. Protrusion; 43. Rotating module; 431. Annular groove; 432. Rotating ring; 433. Ball bearing; 44. Hot airflow counter-current module; 441. Heater; 442. Connecting pipe; 443. Horizontal pipe; 444. Diverter pipe; 5. Air pump; 6. Conduit. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0022] Please see Figures 1-7 The present invention provides a technical solution: a heat treatment tempering device for high-chromium alloy steel balls, comprising a tempering chamber 1, and further comprising: Preheating chamber 2 is fixedly installed on one side of tempering chamber 1 and is used to preheat the high-chromium alloy steel balls entering tempering chamber 1. Cooling chamber 3 is fixedly installed on the other side of tempering chamber 1 and is used to cool down the high chromium alloy steel balls that have been tempered in tempering chamber 1. Air pump 5 is fixedly installed at the top of cooling chamber 3. The output end of air pump 5 is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of preheating chamber 2 through conduit 6 for heat recovery and reuse of cooling chamber 3. Tempering unit 4 is located inside tempering chamber 1, preheating chamber 2, and cooling chamber 3, and is used for uniform tempering heating of high chromium alloy steel balls; Tempering unit 4 includes: The linear feeding module 41 is located at the bottom of the tempering chamber 1, the preheating chamber 2, and the cooling chamber 3, and is used to feed materials at a constant speed along a straight line in the tempering chamber 1, the preheating chamber 2, and the cooling chamber 3. The flipping module 42 is set on the linear feeding module 41 and is used to flip and heat the high chromium alloy steel balls during the tempering process. Rotation module 43 is located inside flip module 42 and is used to rotate and move the high chromium alloy steel ball in conjunction with the displacement of flip module 42. The hot airflow counterflow module 44 is located at the top of the tempering chamber 1 to ensure uniform heat distribution within the tempering chamber 1.
[0023] The preheating chamber 2 is fixedly installed on one side of the tempering chamber 1. Before the steel balls enter the tempering chamber 1, the residual heat from the cooling chamber 3 is used to preheat the steel balls, reducing the temperature difference between the steel balls and the interior of the tempering chamber 1 when they enter the furnace. This avoids uneven temperature gradient caused by rapid heating and shortens the heating time in the tempering chamber 1, reducing the heating load of the tempering chamber 1. The cooling chamber 3 is fixedly installed on the other side of the tempering chamber 1. After the steel balls have been kept warm in the tempering chamber 1, they directly enter the cooling chamber 3 for cooling without the need for external transfer equipment, thus achieving continuous connection of the process. The air pump 5 is fixedly installed at the top of the cooling chamber 3 and connected to the top outer wall of the preheating chamber 2 through the conduit 6. The large amount of hot air emitted by the steel balls in the cooling chamber 3 is actively extracted by the air pump 5 and sent to the preheating chamber 2 through the conduit 6, realizing the direct recovery and utilization of the cooling waste heat. The preheating chamber 2 does not need to be equipped with an additional independent heat source to obtain hot air supply.
[0024] The frame 417 carries the steel balls at a constant speed along the path. During the movement of the frame 417, the flipping module 42 flips and repositions the steel balls placed on the frame 417, causing the steel balls to continuously change their spatial position within the tempering chamber 1, avoiding the existence of heat dead zones in the stacked state. The rotating module 43, in coordination with the flipping module 42, drives the steel balls to rotate around their own axis, further increasing the contact area and frequency between the steel ball surface and the hot air. The hot airflow counter-current module 44 is located at the top of the tempering chamber 1, sending the heated gas into the tempering chamber 1 in a counter-current manner, making the heat energy distribution in each area of the furnace more uniform. In addition, the partition 419 between the preheating chamber 2, the tempering chamber 1, and the cooling chamber 3 is passively opened and closed as the frame 417 moves. When the frame 417 has not moved to the position of the partition 419, the partition 419 remains closed, isolating the spaces of each chamber to reduce the cross-flow and loss of high-temperature hot air in the tempering chamber 1 to both sides.
[0025] Please see Figures 2-5 The linear feeding module 41 includes: The drive motor 411 is fixedly installed on the outside of the cooling chamber 3 and is used to provide external driving force for linear feeding. Sprocket 412 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of drive motor 411. Sprocket 414 is connected to the outer wall of sprocket 412 via chain 413, which is used to form a linear feeding path in preheating chamber 2, tempering chamber 1 and cooling chamber 3. The frame 417 is located inside the preheating chamber 2, the tempering chamber 1 and the cooling chamber 3. The bottom of the frame 417 is fixedly equipped with support legs 418 to provide a place for the tempering process of high chromium alloy steel balls. The track groove 416 is opened on the bottom inner wall of the preheating chamber 2, the tempering chamber 1 and the cooling chamber 3. The outer wall of the chain 413 is fixedly installed with a stop block 415, which is used to push the support leg 418 to move linearly along the track groove 416 as the chain 413 moves. Multiple sets of partitions 419 are installed at the ends and connections of the preheating chamber 2, the tempering chamber 1 and the cooling chamber 3. A spring piece 410 is provided on one side of the partition 419 to appropriately block the internal space of the preheating chamber 2, the tempering chamber 1 and the cooling chamber 3 to reduce heat loss.
[0026] The output shaft of the drive motor 411 drives the first sprocket 412 to rotate. The first sprocket 412 transmits power to the second sprocket 414 through the chain 413. The chain 413 extends along the bottom of the preheating chamber 2, tempering chamber 1, and cooling chamber 3 to form a circular transmission path. The stop block 415 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the chain 413 and moves synchronously with the chain 413. The track groove 416 is opened on the bottom inner wall of the three chambers as a guide path for the frame 417. The support leg 418 is inserted into the track groove 416 and slides along the track groove 416. When the chain 413 moves, the stop block 415 moves with the chain 413 to the position of the support leg 418 and pushes the support leg 418, so that the frame 417 moves along the track groove 416, thereby realizing the power transmission. The transmission from the chain 413 to the frame 417 is such that when the chain 413 is running continuously, the frame 417 moves forward at a constant speed on a linear path. Multiple sets of partitions 419 are set between the preheating chamber 2 and the tempering chamber 1, between the tempering chamber 1 and the cooling chamber 3, and at the outer ends of the preheating chamber 2 and the cooling chamber 3. When no frame 417 is passing through, the partitions 419 are kept in the closed position by their own weight or the bias pressure of the spring 410, forming a physical partition between the internal spaces of each chamber. This effectively blocks the free flow of hot air between the chambers in the gap between the frame 417 entering and exiting the chambers, reduces the heat loss caused by the outward diffusion of hot air in the tempering chamber 1, and also prevents cold air from directly intruding into the tempering chamber 1 and interfering with the temperature field stability.
[0027] There are two sets of track grooves 416, which are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the bottom wall of the tempering chamber 1. One set of track grooves 416 has a rectangular groove at the bottom with a width greater than that of the chain 413. Both sprocket 1 412 and sprocket 2 414 are rotatably installed inside the rectangular groove.
[0028] Two sets of track grooves 416 are respectively set on the front and rear sides of the bottom wall of the tempering chamber 1. The support legs 418 on the front and rear sides of the frame 417 are respectively embedded in the two sets of track grooves 416, so that the frame 417 is guided and constrained in both the front and rear directions during the movement, avoiding the frame 417 from tilting or swaying during the movement, and ensuring the accuracy of the position and the stability of the movement when the frame 417 enters the tempering chamber 1. The width of the rectangular groove at the bottom of one set of track grooves 416 is greater than the width of the chain 413. The first sprocket 412 and the second sprocket 41... All four components are rotatably installed inside the rectangular groove, so that the chain 413 runs in the bottom plane of the set of track grooves 416. The stop block 415 on the chain 413 passes through the bottom of the set of track grooves 416 and enters the interior of the track groove 416 to push the corresponding side support leg 418. The opening of the rectangular groove allows the chain drive mechanism to be arranged in a lower position, without encroaching on the effective guide space of the track groove 416. At the same time, the movement path of the chain 413 and the stop block 415 is constrained by the side wall of the rectangular groove, preventing the chain 413 from moving laterally during operation.
[0029] Two sets of rollers are rotatably installed on the inner wall of the bottom end of the support leg 418. The gap between the two sets of rollers is greater than the width of the stop block 415. The width of the support leg 418 is adapted to the track groove 416.
[0030] Two sets of rollers rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the bottom end of the outrigger 418 directly contact the bottom of the track groove 416. When the frame 417 moves, the rollers roll on the bottom surface of the track groove 416, changing the contact between the bottom end of the outrigger 418 and the track groove 416 from sliding friction to rolling friction. This reduces the frictional resistance of the frame 417 during movement, while also reducing wear on the outrigger 418 and the track groove 416, improving long-term operational reliability. The gap between the two sets of rollers is greater than the width of the stop block 415. When the chain 413 moves the stop block 415 to the position of the outrigger 418, the stop block 415 can enter the gap between the two sets of rollers without interference. The inner wall of the bottom end of the support leg 418 is pressed against the inner wall of the support leg 418, so that the thrust of the chain 413 is transmitted to the support leg 418 through the stop block 415, thereby pushing the entire frame 417 forward. When the stop block 415 changes its direction of movement as the chain 413 rotates past the sprocket position, the stop block 415 disengages from the gap between the two sets of rollers, completing the push of the frame 417 and turning into the next segment of the chain 413 path to prepare to push the next frame 417. The width of the support leg 418 is adapted to the width of the track groove 416, so that the support leg 418 can only slide along the length direction in the track groove 416 and cannot swing laterally, ensuring the consistency of the travel direction of the frame 417.
[0031] Please see Figures 5-6 The flip module 42 includes: Three sets of fixing rods 421 are fixedly installed on the top inner surface of the frame 417 in a linear array. The ends of the fixing rods 421 are fixedly connected to fixing rings 422, which are used as the support structure for the high chromium alloy steel balls inside the frame 417. Sleeve 423 is sleeved on the outer wall of fixed rod 421. An arc-shaped strip 424 is fixedly connected to the end of sleeve 423, which is used to deflect around the axis of fixed rod 421 as the rotation center and to roll and push the high chromium alloy steel ball. The lever 425 is fixedly installed on the side of the arc-shaped bar 424 near the edge of the frame 417. The inner wall of the frame 417 is provided with an arc-shaped groove 427 that is movably engaged with the lever 425, which is used to drive the arc-shaped bar 424 to deflect around the axis of the fixed rod 421 as the rotation center. The fixing frame 428 is fixedly installed on the inner walls of the front and rear sides of the tempering chamber 1. The upper surface of the fixing frame 428 has several protrusions 429 distributed in a linear array. The side wall of the frame 417 is fixedly installed with a spring piece 426, which is used to cooperate with the travel lever 425 of the frame 417 to intermittently lift and elastically reset.
[0032] Three sets of fixing rods 421 are linearly arrayed and fixed to the inner top surface of the frame 417. The fixing ring 422 at the end of each fixing rod 421 serves as a support base for a single steel ball. The steel ball is placed on the fixing ring 422 and supported by it. Multiple steel balls are arranged in an array along the direction of travel within the frame 417, without stacking. A sleeve 423 is fitted onto the outer wall of the fixing rod 421 and can rotate freely around the axis of the fixing rod 421. The arc-shaped strip 424 is fixed. At the end of the sleeve 423, the inner arc surface of the arc strip 424 is in contact with the outer surface of the steel ball. When the sleeve 423 deflects around the axis of the fixed rod 421, the arc strip 424 deflects synchronously with the sleeve 423. The lever 425 is fixed to the side of the arc strip 424 near the edge of the frame 417. The arc groove 427 opened on the inner wall of the frame 417 provides a constraint on the movement direction of the lever 425, so that the lever 425 can only move on the arc trajectory with the axis of the fixed rod 421 as the center.
[0033] Additionally, the fixing frame 428 is fixed to the inner walls of the front and rear sides of the tempering chamber 1, and the protrusions 429 on its upper surface are arranged in a linear array. When the frame 417 moves to the position of the fixing frame 428, the position of the protrusions 429 intersects with the movement path of the lever 425. The spring plate 426 is fixed to the side wall of the frame 417 and abuts against the lever 425 to keep it in its initial position. When the bottom of the lever 425 meets the protrusions 429 during the movement of the frame 417, the protrusions 429 push the lever 425 upward, and the lever 425 moves upward along the arc groove 427 and drives the arc strip 4 24. The lever 425 deflects upward about the axis of the fixed rod 421. After the lever 425 passes the top of the protrusion 429, the protrusion 429 no longer exerts its force on the lever 425. The second spring 426 generates an elastic restoring force on the lever 425, causing the lever 425 and the arc-shaped bar 424 to return to their initial positions. The cyclical process of the lever 425 being lifted by the protrusion 429 and the second spring 426 being reset causes the arc-shaped bar 424 to produce a periodic deflection motion. When the arc-shaped bar 424 deflects, its inner arc surface generates a tangential force on the surface of the steel ball, forcing the steel ball to produce a rolling displacement on the fixed ring 422.
[0034] The center point of the arc groove 427 coincides with the end point of the axis of the fixing rod 421, and the bottom surface of the arc groove 427 is flush with the upper surface of the fixing frame 428.
[0035] The center point of the arc groove 427 coincides with the endpoint of the axis of the fixed rod 421, making the movement trajectory of the lever 425 within the arc groove 427 concentric with that of the fixed rod 421. The movement trajectory of the arc strip 424 during deflection is precisely constrained, ensuring that the lever 425 and the arc strip 424 always deflect concentrically around the axis of the fixed rod 421 without jamming or deviation. The bottom surface of the arc groove 427 is flush with the upper surface of the fixed frame 428. When the frame 417 moves... When the lever 425 is positioned at the fixed frame 428, the bottom end of the lever 425 fixed to the side wall of the frame 417 is at the same height as the protrusion 429 on the upper surface of the fixed frame 428. This ensures that the lever 425 can accurately meet the protrusion 429 and interfere with it during the movement, avoiding the lever 425 from missing the protrusion 429 due to the height difference and thus ensuring that the lever 425 can obtain an effective lifting action every time the frame 417 passes a set of protrusions 429.
[0036] Please see Figures 5-6 The rotating module 43 includes: An annular groove 431 is formed on the inner surface of the fixed ring 422 to provide a rotation track for the rotating module 43; The rotating ring 432 is rotatably mounted on the inner surface of the annular groove 431 to support the high-chromium alloy steel ball and support its rotation within the annular groove 431. A number of balls 433 are disposed between the outer surface of the rotating ring 432 and the annular groove 431 to reduce the rotational friction of the rotating ring 432.
[0037] An annular groove 431 is formed on the inner surface of the fixed ring 422, and its cross-sectional shape matches the annular support portion on the outer surface of the rotating ring 432. The rotating ring 432 is embedded in the annular groove 431 through the annular support portion to form a rotational fit. The rotating ring 432 can rotate freely in the annular groove 431. The steel ball is placed directly on the inner ring of the rotating ring 432 and supported by the rotating ring 432. Multiple balls 433 are arranged between the outer surface of the rotating ring 432 and the inner wall of the annular groove 431. The balls 433 form a rolling contact between the two. When the rotating ring 432 rotates in the annular groove 431, the balls 433 roll synchronously, converting the sliding friction between the rotating ring 432 and the annular groove 431 into rolling friction. The arrangement of the balls 433 reduces the frictional torque of the rotating ring 432, so that the rotating ring 432 can rotate under a small tangential driving force, thereby ensuring that the tangential deflection force generated by the arc strip 424 on the steel ball can be smoothly transmitted to the rotating ring 432 and drive the steel ball to rotate.
[0038] The inner diameter of the swivel ring 432 is smaller than the outer diameter of the high-chromium alloy steel ball, and an annular support portion is provided on the outer arc surface of the swivel ring 432, which rotates in conjunction with the annular groove 431.
[0039] The inner diameter of the swivel ring 432 is smaller than the outer diameter of the high-chromium alloy steel ball. When the steel ball is placed on the swivel ring 432, the bottom of the steel ball is embedded in the inner ring of the swivel ring 432 but will not fall through the swivel ring 432. The inner ring edge of the swivel ring 432 forms an annular support for the steel ball. Part of the steel ball is located below the swivel ring 432 while part of the ball is exposed above the swivel ring 432, so that there is enough contact area between the steel ball and the swivel ring 432 to transmit the rotational driving force. The annular support part provided on the outer arc surface of the swivel ring 432 rotates and engages with the annular groove 431. The cross-sectional shape of the annular support part and the cross-sectional shape of the annular groove 431 complement each other and fit together, so that the swivel ring 432 is limited and fixed by the annular groove 431 in the axial direction and cannot be separated from the fixed ring 422. At the same time, it maintains the rotational freedom in the circumferential direction, ensuring that the steel ball can rotate stably in the fixed ring 422 under the drive of the swivel ring 432 without falling off.
[0040] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 7 The hot airflow counter-current module 44 includes: Heater 441 is fixedly installed on the top of tempering chamber 1 by a bracket, and the input end of heater 441 is connected to conduit 6 through a three-way pipe to access and heat part of the hot gas returning in conduit 6. The connecting pipe 442 is fixedly installed at the output end of the heater 441, and the bottom end of the connecting pipe 442 is fixedly connected to the horizontal pipe 443, which is used to guide the reflux hot gas heated by the heater 441 into the tempering chamber 1. Two sets of flow tubes 444 are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the horizontal tube 443, and each set of flow tubes 444 is provided in several quantities, which are distributed in a linear array along the length of the horizontal tube 443, and are used to evenly distribute the recirculated hot gas for heating in the tempering chamber 1.
[0041] Heater 441 is fixed to the top of tempering chamber 1 by a bracket and connected to conduit 6 via a three-way pipe. Hot air drawn from cooling chamber 3 by air pump 5 is delivered to the three-way pipe via conduit 6 and split into two paths. One path directly enters preheating chamber 2 for preheating steel balls, and the other path enters heater 441 for auxiliary heating. Heater 441 reheats the waste heat gas from cooling chamber 3 to the required tempering temperature. The high-temperature gas heated by heater 441 is then delivered downwards to horizontal pipe 443 via connecting pipe 442. Horizontal pipe 443 is arranged along the width of tempering chamber 1 on the inner side of the top. The high-temperature gas enters two streamers 444 from horizontal pipe 443. The diversion pipes 444 are distributed on the front and rear sides of the horizontal pipe 443. The multiple diversion pipes 444 in each group are evenly distributed along the length of the horizontal pipe 443. After the high-temperature gas is diverted in the horizontal pipe 443, it is simultaneously injected into the tempering chamber 1 from each diversion pipe 444. This ensures that the upper space of the tempering chamber 1 receives a uniform gas injection distribution along both the length and width directions, avoiding localized high temperatures caused by single-point air intake. The hot air flow discharged from the diversion pipes 444 forms a top-down hot air circulation in the tempering chamber 1. After making full contact with the steel balls on the frame 417, it sinks to the bottom of the tempering chamber 1 and re-enters the heater 441 through the circulation channel, forming a closed hot air internal circulation loop.
[0042] The diverter 444 is configured in an arc shape, and the ends of the two diverter 444 on the front and rear sides of the horizontal pipe 443 face opposite directions.
[0043] The splitter pipe 444 is designed with an arc shape. When the high-temperature gas flows along the arc-shaped pipe wall, the flow direction is changed by the bending and guiding effect of the pipe. When the gas is ejected from the end of the splitter pipe 444, it diffuses in a fan shape, which increases the diffusion area of the hot airflow in the tempering chamber 1. The ends of the two sets of splitter pipes 444 on the front and rear sides of the horizontal pipe 443 are oriented in opposite directions. The splitter pipe 444 on the front side of the horizontal pipe 443 sprays air in the front of the tempering chamber 1, and the splitter pipe 444 on the rear side of the horizontal pipe 443 sprays air in the rear of the tempering chamber 1. The two sets of splitter pipes 444 spray hot airflows in opposite directions in the tempering chamber 1. The two opposing hot airflows converge and collide in the middle area of the tempering chamber 1, generating strong turbulence and disturbance effects. This makes the hot air form a multi-directional and multi-layered flow state inside the tempering chamber 1, eliminating the temperature stratification phenomenon that may be caused by unidirectional airflow. This makes the temperature at all heights and positions in the tempering chamber 1 tend to be uniform, and the steel ball can come into contact with uniformly heated air at different spatial positions.
[0044] Working principle: During tempering, the frame 417 containing high-chromium alloy steel balls is placed on the track groove 416. The steel balls are placed one by one on the rotating rings 432 within each fixed ring 422. The drive motor 411 is started, and the first sprocket 412 drives the second sprocket 414 to rotate synchronously via the chain 413. The stop block 415 moves with the chain 413 and pushes the support leg 418, so that the frame 417 moves in a straight line at a uniform speed along the track groove 416. The frame 417 first enters the preheating chamber 2. The air pump 5 sends the hot air emitted by the cooling steel balls in the cooling chamber 3 into the preheating chamber 2 through the duct 6 to preheat the steel balls. The frame 417 then enters the tempering chamber 1. The heater 441 reheats part of the recirculated hot gas from the duct 6 to the tempering temperature. The high-temperature gas is sent to each branch pipe 444 through the connecting pipe 442 and the horizontal pipe 443. The two branch pipes 444 on the front and rear sides of the horizontal pipe 443 simultaneously eject hot gas streams in opposite directions. The two hot gas streams converge and collide in the middle of the tempering chamber 1 to form turbulence, so that the temperature field inside the tempering chamber 1 is evenly distributed. As the frame 417 moves within the tempering chamber 1, the protrusions 429 on the upper surface of the fixed frame 428 sequentially meet the bottom of the lever 425. The protrusions 429 push the lever 425 upward along the arc groove 427. The lever 425 drives the arc strip 424 to deflect upward around the axis of the fixed rod 421. After the lever 425 passes the top of the protrusion 429, the spring plate 426 elastically resets it. During the periodic deflection, the arc strip 424 generates a tangential force on the surface of the steel ball that is in contact with its inner arc surface, forcing the steel ball to roll on the rotating ring 432. At the same time, the ball bearing 433 reduces the rotational friction between the rotating ring 432 and the annular groove 431. Under the action of the tangential force, the steel ball drives the rotating ring 432 to rotate around its own axis within the annular groove 431, so that the surface of the steel ball continuously renews the contact area with the hot air. After tempering and heat preservation, the frame 417 continues to move into the cooling chamber 3. The steel balls are cooled in the cooling chamber 3. The hot air emitted during the cooling process is extracted by the air pump 5 and sent to the preheating chamber 2 for the preheating of the next batch of steel balls. During the movement of the chassis 417, the partition 419 located between the preheating chamber 2 and the tempering chamber 1, and between the tempering chamber 1 and the cooling chamber 3, is pushed open as the chassis 417 passes. After the chassis 417 passes, it automatically resets and closes under the action of the spring clip 410, isolating the spaces of each chamber to reduce the cross-flow and loss of high-temperature hot air in the tempering chamber 1. After cooling, the chassis 417 is discharged from the end of the cooling chamber 3, completing one production cycle.
Claims
1. A heat treatment tempering device for high-chromium alloy steel balls, comprising a tempering chamber (1), characterized in that: Also includes: The preheating chamber (2) is fixedly installed on one side of the tempering chamber (1) and is used to preheat the high-chromium alloy steel balls entering the tempering chamber (1); Cooling chamber (3) is fixedly installed on the other side of tempering chamber (1) and is used to cool down the high chromium alloy steel balls that have been tempered in tempering chamber (1); An air pump (5) is fixedly installed at the top of the cooling chamber (3). The output end of the air pump (5) is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the preheating chamber (2) through a conduit (6) for the heat recovery and reuse of the cooling chamber (3). The tempering unit (4) is located inside the tempering chamber (1), the preheating chamber (2), and the cooling chamber (3) for uniform tempering heating of high chromium alloy steel balls; The tempering unit (4) includes: A linear feeding module (41) is located at the bottom of the tempering chamber (1), the preheating chamber (2), and the cooling chamber (3) for feeding materials at a constant speed along a straight line in the tempering chamber (1), the preheating chamber (2), and the cooling chamber (3); The flipping module (42) is set on the linear feeding module (41) and is used to heat the flipping and repositioning of the placed high chromium alloy steel balls during the tempering process. The rotating module (43) is located inside the flipping module (42) and is used to rotate and move the high-chromium alloy steel ball in conjunction with the displacement of the flipping module (42). A hot airflow counter-current module (44) is installed on the top of the tempering chamber (1) to ensure uniform heat distribution within the tempering chamber (1).
2. The heat treatment and tempering apparatus for high-chromium alloy steel balls according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linear feeding module (41) includes: The drive motor (411) is fixedly installed on the outside of the cooling chamber (3) to provide external driving force for linear feeding; Sprocket 1 (412) is fixedly installed on the output shaft of drive motor (411). The outer wall of sprocket 1 (412) is connected to sprocket 2 (414) via chain (413) for forming a linear feeding path in preheating chamber (2), tempering chamber (1) and cooling chamber (3). The frame (417) is located inside the preheating chamber (2), the tempering chamber (1) and the cooling chamber (3). The bottom of the frame (417) is fixedly equipped with support legs (418) for providing a placement position for the tempering process of high chromium alloy steel balls. The track groove (416) is opened on the bottom inner wall of the preheating chamber (2), the tempering chamber (1) and the cooling chamber (3). The outer wall of the chain (413) is fixedly equipped with a stop block (415) for pushing the support leg (418) to move linearly along the track groove (416) as the chain (413) moves. Multiple sets of partitions (419) are provided at the ends and connections of the preheating chamber (2), tempering chamber (1) and cooling chamber (3). A spring piece (410) is provided on one side of the partition (419) to appropriately block the internal space of the preheating chamber (2), tempering chamber (1) and cooling chamber (3) to reduce heat loss.
3. The heat treatment and tempering apparatus for high-chromium alloy steel balls according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of track grooves (416) is set in two sets. The two sets of track grooves (416) are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the bottom wall of the tempering chamber (1). One set of track grooves (416) has a rectangular groove at the bottom with a width greater than that of the chain (413). Both sprocket one (412) and sprocket two (414) are rotatably installed on the inner side of the rectangular groove.
4. The heat treatment and tempering apparatus for high-chromium alloy steel balls according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two sets of rollers are rotatably installed on the inner wall of the bottom end of the support leg (418). The gap between the two sets of rollers is greater than the width of the stop block (415). The width of the support leg (418) is adapted to the track groove (416).
5. The heat treatment and tempering apparatus for high-chromium alloy steel balls according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flipping module (42) includes: Three sets of fixing rods (421) are fixedly installed in a linear array on the top inner surface of the frame (417). The ends of the fixing rods (421) are fixedly connected to fixing rings (422) for supporting the high chromium alloy steel balls inside the frame (417). A sleeve (423) is fitted onto the outer wall of a fixed rod (421). An arc-shaped strip (424) is fixedly connected to the end of the sleeve (423) for deflecting around the axis of the fixed rod (421) as the rotation center and for rolling and pushing the high-chromium alloy steel ball. A lever (425) is fixedly installed on the side of the arc-shaped bar (424) near the edge of the frame (417). The inner wall of the frame (417) is provided with an arc-shaped groove (427) that is movably engaged with the lever (425), which is used to drive the arc-shaped bar (424) to deflect around the axis of the fixed rod (421) as the rotation center. The fixing frame (428) is fixedly installed on the inner walls of the front and rear sides of the tempering chamber (1). The upper surface of the fixing frame (428) has several protrusions (429) arranged in a linear array. The side wall of the frame (417) is fixedly installed with a spring plate (426) to cooperate with the travel lever (425) of the frame (417) to generate intermittent lifting and elastic reset.
6. The heat treatment and tempering apparatus for high-chromium alloy steel balls according to claim 5, characterized in that: The center point of the arc groove (427) coincides with the end point of the axis of the fixed rod (421), and the bottom surface of the arc groove (427) is flush with the upper surface of the fixed frame (428).
7. The heat treatment and tempering apparatus for high-chromium alloy steel balls according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating module (43) includes: An annular groove (431) is formed on the inner surface of the fixed ring (422) to provide a rotation track for the rotating module (43); The swivel ring (432) is rotatably mounted on the inner surface of the annular groove (431) to support the high-chromium alloy steel ball and support its rotation within the annular groove (431); Several balls (433) are disposed between the outer surface of the rotating ring (432) and the annular groove (431) to reduce the rotational friction of the rotating ring (432).
8. The heat treatment and tempering apparatus for high-chromium alloy steel balls according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the swivel ring (432) is smaller than the outer diameter of the high chromium alloy steel ball, and an annular support portion is provided on the outer arc surface of the swivel ring (432), which rotates in conjunction with the annular groove (431).
9. The heat treatment and tempering apparatus for high-chromium alloy steel balls according to claim 8, characterized in that: The hot airflow counter-current module (44) includes: The heater (441) is fixedly installed on the top of the tempering chamber (1) by a bracket, and the input end of the heater (441) is connected to the conduit (6) through a three-way pipe to access and heat part of the hot gas flowing back in the conduit (6); A connecting pipe (442) is fixedly installed at the output end of the heater (441), and a horizontal pipe (443) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting pipe (442) to guide the recirculated hot gas heated by the heater (441) into the tempering chamber (1); Two sets of flow tubes (444) are set on the front and rear sides of the horizontal tube (443), and each set of flow tubes (444) is set in a number of them, arranged in a linear array along the length of the horizontal tube (443), for the purpose of evenly distributing the heated reflux hot gas in the tempering chamber (1).
10. The heat treatment and tempering apparatus for high-chromium alloy steel balls according to claim 9, characterized in that: The diverter (444) is arranged in an arc shape, and the ends of the two diverter (444) on the front and rear sides of the horizontal pipe (443) face opposite directions.