Cold saline-alkali environment water storage reservoir seepage prevention full reservoir geomembrane and construction method

Abstract

This invention provides a geomembrane for seepage prevention in reservoirs operating in frigid and saline-alkali environments, along with its construction method. The method includes: construction of collection wells and drainage systems; dam base treatment and geomembrane laying; composite material layer paving and compaction; installation of precast concrete protective panels; installation of leakage monitoring modules; and deployment of floating heating plates on the water surface. This invention integrates geomembrane seepage prevention across the entire reservoir, phase change material insulation and temperature regulation, active frost heave prevention via electric heating, precise leakage node location and alarm, floating tiered heating for ice prevention, and dynamic air and water drainage under the membrane. It systematically solves the coupled problems of frost heave cracking of the reservoir seepage prevention layer, difficulty in detecting leakage, water surface freezing compressing the geomembrane, and gas and water accumulation under the membrane in frigid and saline-alkali environments. It achieves synergistic linkage of seepage prevention, insulation, active heating, leakage monitoring, water surface ice prevention, and under-membrane regulation, significantly improving the safety and operational reliability of reservoirs in long-term service in frigid environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of reservoir geomembrane construction, and in particular to a full-panel geomembrane for seepage prevention in reservoirs in extremely cold and saline-alkali environments, and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Reservoirs operating in frigid, saline-alkali environments face a harsh operating environment due to the combined effects of high salinity and alkali corrosion, severe freeze-thaw cycles, and significant water level fluctuations. Traditional seepage prevention structures often employ single geomembranes or ordinary concrete protective panels. Under extreme low temperatures, soil frost heave can easily cause geomembranes to rupture under tension and protective panels to warp and deform, creating seepage channels. Simultaneously, highly saline-alkali groundwater is highly corrosive to the underlying bedding layer and concrete structure, accelerating material degradation and significantly shortening the project's service life. Furthermore, if accumulated gas and seepage water under the membrane cannot be discharged promptly, temperature changes can cause gas expansion or water pressure backing, leading to localized bulging or even damage to the geomembrane. Existing drainage systems largely rely on passive overflow or manual inspections, lacking the ability to dynamically sense and actively control the gas pressure and water quality under the membrane.

[0003] The squeezing and damage of underwater geomembranes by ice expansion on the water surface is also a common problem in reservoirs in high-altitude and cold regions. Traditional ice-breaking methods are energy-intensive and difficult to continuously cover the entire reservoir area.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive reservoir protection system that integrates seepage prevention, frost heave prevention, active heating, dynamic air venting and drainage, and leakage location alarm to systematically solve the problem of long-term safe operation of reservoirs in harsh cold and saline-alkali environments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a geomembrane for seepage prevention in a reservoir with a saline-alkali environment and a construction method thereof, which solves the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this invention provides a construction method for a full-panel geomembrane for seepage prevention in a reservoir in a severely cold and saline-alkali environment, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Excavate a water collection well at the bottom of the reservoir and connect it to the drainage well; install an exhaust vent and a well cover at the end of the drainage well, and integrate an induction opening system. The induction opening system monitors the exhaust pressure in real time through a pressure sensor to drive the well cover to open and close. Step 2: Lay geomembranes sequentially on top of the dam body, and level the area under the geomembrane during the laying process. Step 3: After the geomembrane is laid, first cover the surface of the geomembrane with a layer of plain soil protective layer, and then fill the plain soil protective layer with a phase change insulation layer so that the plain soil protective layer and the phase change insulation layer form a composite material layer. Step 4: After the composite material layer is completed, install the precast concrete protective panel. The precast concrete protective panel adopts a segmental prefabrication form, and adjacent segments are connected by inserting pins into the insertion holes. Each precast concrete protective panel segment has an inner groove on both sides, and the inner groove includes the upper support components and the lower dam downstream pipeline heating system. Step 5: After the adjacent precast concrete protective panels are assembled and in place, install sealing gaskets around the reserved grooves on the top side of the precast concrete protective panels. Insert the sensor probes at both ends of the leakage monitoring module into the through holes in the reserved grooves respectively. Then, use the pull ring to install the leakage monitoring module into the reserved grooves. Step 6: Lay several concrete blocks at the bottom of the reservoir and connect them to the precast concrete protective panels; install a floating water surface heat dissipation system above the water surface, which is connected to the concrete blocks by suspension ropes.

[0007] Furthermore, in step four, the lower dam downstream pipeline heating system includes at least two angle steels, several electric heating tubes connected between adjacent angle steels, several electric heating tubes are evenly distributed after being connected in parallel and pass through the pre-reserved limiting holes on the angle steels, and the first power source is fixed to the bottom plate of the inner trench through a U-shaped bracket and tightened with a top bolt.

[0008] Furthermore, in step five, a cover plate is provided in the middle of the panel of the leakage monitoring module. A second power supply, at least two water immersion sensors, and a warning light that is snapped on by a spring clip are installed on the cover plate. When the sensor probe detects water leakage in the surrounding area, it transmits a signal to the water immersion sensor, triggering the warning light to emit an audible and visual alarm.

[0009] Furthermore, in step six, the floating water surface heat dissipation system includes an external panel and an internal self-heating panel. A solar cell is installed on the top of the external panel, and the internal self-heating panel includes an energy storage layer with a phase change material (PCM) and an electric heating element.

[0010] Furthermore, in step one, the induction-type cover opening system includes an electric push rod and controller installed on one side of the drainage well via a second bracket. The top of the electric push rod is connected to the well cover via a fixing plate. One end of the fixing rod is fixed to the well wall of the drainage well, and the other end is fixed to a guide ring. The electric push rod passes through the guide ring.

[0011] Furthermore, in step one, the water collection well is connected to the first and fourth drainage branch pipes via a drain pipe and a tee. The first drainage branch pipe is connected to the third and second drainage branch pipes via a tee and an elbow. The fourth drainage branch pipe is connected to the sixth and fifth drainage branch pipes via a tee and an elbow. The drainage mode is switched according to the monitoring signal from the turbidity sensor at the bottom of the water collection well.

[0012] Furthermore, when the water quality in the collection well is detected to be poor, the second electric valve at the fourth drainage branch pipe and the third electric valve at the second drainage branch pipe are closed, while the first electric valve at the first drainage branch pipe and the fourth electric valve at the fifth drainage branch pipe are opened. The water flows sequentially through the first and third drainage branch pipes along the drainage pipes, enters the backwash filter for filtration, and the purified water flows through the sixth and fifth drainage branch pipes into the drainage well. Then, it is returned to the reservoir through the suction pipe, the first outlet pipe, and the second pump installed sequentially in the drainage well. When the turbidity sensor detects that the water quality in the collection well is good, the first and third electric valves are closed, while the second and fourth electric valves are opened. The water flows sequentially through the fourth and fifth drainage branch pipes along the drainage pipes and is directly discharged into the drainage well. It is then lifted back to the reservoir by the second pump.

[0013] Furthermore, when the backwash filter needs backwashing maintenance, the first and fourth electric valves are closed, and the second and third electric valves are opened. Water flows along the drain pipe through the fourth and sixth drain branches in sequence to backwash the backwash filter. The wastewater generated during backwashing enters the second drain branch along the third drain branch and is discharged from the second outlet pipe by the first water pump installed on the side wall of the drain well via the first bracket.

[0014] Furthermore, the water collection well is connected to the drainage well through a pipe. The outer wall of the pipe is covered with an electric heating tape, and then wrapped with rock wool and aluminum sheet in sequence. Adjacent pipes are connected by flanges.

[0015] This invention also discloses a seepage-proof geomembrane for a reservoir in a cold and saline-alkali environment, which is constructed according to the construction method of the seepage-proof geomembrane for a reservoir in a cold and saline-alkali environment.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. The present invention lays a geomembrane, a PCM modified clay composite material layer and a precast concrete protective plate sequentially on the dam body. The PCM capsules in the composite material layer delay the freezing of the soil and block water infiltration by releasing the latent heat of phase change. The protective plate segments are quickly connected by pins and have built-in high-damping rubber buffer columns and electric heating system. When the temperature is not extremely low, the composite material layer passively releases heat. When the temperature is extremely cold, the electric heating is activated to actively replenish the heat. The two work together to form a dual anti-frost heave mechanism.

[0017] 2. The present invention installs a leakage monitoring module integrating a water immersion sensor and an audible and visual warning light in a pre-reserved groove in the protective plate. When water leakage is detected, an alarm is immediately triggered for quick location. If the module fails, it can be quickly pulled out and replaced.

[0018] 3. This invention consists of a double-layer floating heating plate composed of an external solar panel and a PCM self-heating internal panel. It is anchored to the concrete block at the bottom of the reservoir by a suspension rope. When the temperature is not extremely low, the internal panel releases heat to prevent icing. When the temperature is extremely cold, the external panel provides heat in conjunction with the internal panel. The tiered complementary structure avoids the damage to the geomembrane caused by ice expansion.

[0019] 4. The water collection well of the present invention collects air and water under the membrane and transports it to the drainage well. The drainage well integrates an automatic opening system with air pressure sensing to achieve rapid pressure relief. The valve circuit is switched according to the turbidity signal to achieve graded discharge of water or backwash filtration. The outer wall of the pipeline is covered with an electric heating tape and wrapped with a rock wool insulation layer and an aluminum protective shell to form a dynamic air venting, graded drainage and heat preservation and antifreeze integrated membrane control system. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the construction of a geomembrane for the entire reservoir body in a cold and saline-alkali environment. Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the precast concrete protective panel before it is assembled. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the precast concrete protective panels are assembled. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the downstream pipeline heating system; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the leakage monitoring module is installed; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the leakage monitoring module is turned on; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the leakage monitoring module after it is closed; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a floating anti-icing treatment technology for water surfaces; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of dynamic air venting and drainage treatment technology under geomembrane (backwashing, filtration and drainage state). Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of pipe electric heating tape insulation.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Precast concrete protective panel; 2. Composite material layer; 3. Geomembrane; 4. First outlet pipe; 5. Floating water surface heat dissipation system; 6. Dam body; 7. Vent hole; 8. Manhole cover; 9. Induction opening system; 10. First water pump; 11. First bracket support; 12. Elbow; 13. Second drainage branch pipe; 14. Backwash filter; 15. Fourth drainage branch pipe; 16. First drainage branch pipe; 17. Drainage pipe; 18. Turbidity sensor; 19. Collection well; 20. First electric valve; 21. Second electric valve; 22. T-junction; 23. Third electric valve; 24. Fourth electric valve; 25. Fifth drainage branch pipe; 26. Suction pipe; 27. Drainage well; 28. Second water pump; 29. ​​Second outlet pipe; 30. Pipe plug; 31. Through hole; 32. Reserved groove; 33. Insertion hole; 34. Pin; 5. Inner trench; 36. Downstream pipeline heating system; 37. Support components; 38. Electric heating tube; 39. U-shaped bracket; 40. Tightening bolt; 41. Power supply; 42. Angle steel; 43. Sealing gasket; 44. Leakage monitoring module; 45. Panel; 46. Water immersion sensor; 47. Sensor probe; 48. Power supply; 49. Spring clip; 50. Warning light; 51. Cover plate; 52. Pull ring; 53. Second bracket support; 54. Electric push rod and controller; 55. Fixing rod; 56. Guide ring; 57. Fixing plate; 58. Air pressure sensor; 59. External panel; 60. Solar cell; 61. Internal self-heating panel; 62. Suspension rope; 63. Concrete block; 64. Sixth drainage branch pipe; 65. Third drainage branch pipe; 66. Flange; 67. Aluminum sheet; 68. Rock wool; 69. Electric heating tape; 70. Pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in the disclosure of this invention, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0024] It is understood that the term "a" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more", that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element can be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the element can be multiple, and the term "a" should not be understood as a limitation on the number.

[0025] like Figures 1-10 The present invention provides a construction method for a full-panel geomembrane for seepage prevention in a reservoir in a severely cold and saline-alkali environment, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Construction of the water collection well and drainage system: A water collection well 19 is pre-excavated at the bottom of the reservoir. The center of the bottom of the water collection well 19 is inclined to facilitate the upward flow of gas along the well wall and is connected to the drainage well 27 through a pipe 70. An exhaust port 7 is set at the end of the drainage well 27 and an induction-type cover opening system 9 is integrated. The induction-type cover opening system 9 monitors the exhaust pressure in real time through a pressure sensor 58 and automatically controls the electric push rod to drive the well cover 8 to open and close, so as to achieve rapid pressure relief and sealing protection. At the same time, drainage pipes 17, drainage branch pipes, backwash filters 14 and matching electric valves are laid to form a complete dynamic exhaust and drainage network, providing a hardware foundation for subsequent air pressure diversion under the geomembrane and water quality classification treatment.

[0026] Step 2, Dam Body Base Treatment and Geomembrane Laying: After the dam body base 6 is leveled and compacted, geomembrane 3 is laid on top of it as the main seepage prevention layer for the entire reservoir. When laying geomembrane 3, it is necessary to ensure that the overlap joints are tight and the anchoring is reliable, and the area under the membrane is leveled to prevent sharp objects from puncturing the membrane. At the same time, after the geomembrane 3 is laid, all reserved pipe interfaces are properly led out to ensure effective connection with the previously constructed water collection well 19 and drainage system, forming a complete and closed seepage prevention bottom interface.

[0027] Step 3, Composite Material Layer Laying and Compaction: After the geomembrane 3 is laid, a layer of plain soil is first covered on its surface and gently compacted to prevent the geomembrane 3 from being punctured by sharp particles. Then, liquid paraffin-based PCM with a phase change temperature of about 5°C is evenly mixed into the clay at a ratio of 8% using a forced mixer to form a phase change modified clay mixture. Then, a phase change insulation layer is filled on the plain soil protective layer using a layered laying and light compaction method, so that the plain soil protective layer and the phase change insulation layer form a composite material layer 2. The PCM capsules in this layer release latent heat when the temperature drops, which delays the freezing of the soil. At the same time, its hydrophobic properties can prevent surface water from seeping down, thus forming a protective layer above the geomembrane 3 that has both heat preservation and seepage prevention buffer functions.

[0028] Step 4: Installation of Precast Concrete Protective Panels: After the composite material layer 2 is completed, precast concrete protective panels 1 are installed as a secondary seepage prevention and frost heave prevention structure. Precast concrete protective panels 1 are precast in segments, with adjacent segments quickly connected via pins 34 inserted into holes 33. Each segment of precast concrete protective panel 1 has an inner groove 35 on both sides. The inner groove 35 includes an upper support component 37 and a lower dam downstream pipeline heating system 36. The upper support component 37 consists of several high-damping rubber buffer columns, providing elastic support to the panel during water flow impact to prevent cracking. The lower dam downstream pipeline heating system 36 includes components pre-embedded in the panel... The system consists of two angle steels 42 fixed by welding, and several electric heating tubes 38 connected between adjacent angle steels 42. The electric heating tubes 38 are evenly distributed after being connected to the power supply and pass through the pre-reserved limiting holes on the angle steels 42 to achieve rapid positioning and installation. The first power supply 41 is fixed to the bottom plate of the inner groove 35 by a U-shaped bracket 39 and secured with a tightening bolt 40. When the ambient temperature is in a non-extreme low temperature range, the composite material layer 2 can meet the anti-freezing heave requirements by releasing latent heat through the phase change energy storage material. When encountering extremely cold climate, the electric heating system 36 is activated to actively supplement heat, which complements the passive phase change heat release of the composite material layer 2 to form a dual anti-freezing heave mechanism.

[0029] Step 5: Installation of Leakage Monitoring Module: After the adjacent precast concrete protective panels 1 are assembled in place, install sealing gaskets 43 around the reserved grooves 32 on the top side of the precast concrete protective panels 1. Insert the sensor probes 47 at both ends of the leakage monitoring module 44 into the through holes 31 in the reserved grooves 32 respectively. Then, use the pull rings 52 to quickly hoist the leakage monitoring module 44 into the reserved grooves 32 to complete the assembly. When adjacent precast concrete protective panels 1 are assembled in place, the reserved grooves on the top side of the two adjacent precast concrete protective panels 1... 32 are interconnected and matched; the panel 45 of the leakage monitoring module 44 has a cover plate 51 in the middle, on which a second power supply 48, two water immersion sensors 46 and a warning light 50 are installed and securely fastened by a bottom spring clip 49; when the sensor probe 47 detects water leakage in the surrounding area, it immediately transmits the signal to the water immersion sensor 46, triggering the warning light 50 to emit an audible and visual alarm, which makes it easy for on-site personnel to quickly locate the leakage area; if the module fails, it can be quickly pulled out and replaced with the pull ring 52, realizing modular and convenient maintenance.

[0030] The sensor probe 47 and the warning light 50 are both connected to the water immersion sensor 46. The second power supply 48 supplies power to the sensor probe 47, the warning light 50 and the water immersion sensor 46 respectively.

[0031] Step Six: Deployment of the Floating Water Surface Heat Dissipation System 5: Several concrete blocks 63 are evenly distributed on the front, back, left, and right sides of the reservoir bottom and fixedly connected to the concrete protective plate 1; a floating water surface heat dissipation system 5, consisting of an external panel 59 and an internal self-heating panel 61, is set above the water surface. The floating water surface heat dissipation system 5 is anchored to the underwater concrete blocks 63 by a suspension rope 62; solar cells 60 are installed on the top of the external panel 59 to absorb light energy, store electrical energy for heating, and release heat; the internal self-heating panel 61 includes an energy storage layer with phase change material PCM and an electric heating element, and has a low-temperature self-heating function; when the ambient temperature is in a non-extreme low-temperature range, the heat released by the internal self-heating panel 61 alone can prevent the water surface from freezing; when encountering extremely cold weather, the external panel 59 starts heating in tandem, forming a tiered complementary heating system with the internal self-heating panel 61 to jointly ensure that the water surface does not freeze, thereby avoiding the adverse effects of ice expansion force on the underwater geomembrane 3.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, geomembrane 3, composite material layer 2, and precast concrete protective plate 1 are laid sequentially on dam body 6. After the geomembrane 3 is laid, composite material layer 2 is used as the upper insulation covering layer. During construction, a layer of plain soil is first covered and gently compacted to prevent the geomembrane from being punctured by sharp particles. Then, liquid paraffin-based PCM with a phase change temperature of about 5°C is evenly mixed into the clay at a ratio of 8% using a forced mixer to form a phase change modified clay mixture. Then, a phase change insulation layer is filled on top of this protective layer using a layered spreading and light rolling method. The PCM capsules in this layer release latent heat when the temperature drops, delaying the freezing of the soil. At the same time, its hydrophobic properties can prevent surface water from seeping down, thus creating a square effect on the geomembrane. A protective layer with both heat preservation and seepage prevention buffer functions is formed. After the composite material layer 2 is constructed, a precast concrete protective plate 1 is installed as a secondary seepage prevention and frost heave prevention structure. The precast concrete protective plate 1 adopts a segmental prefabrication form. Adjacent segments are quickly connected by inserting the pins 34 on the protective plate into the insertion holes 33. Each segment has an inner groove 35 on both the left and right sides. The inner groove 35 is composed of an upper support member 37 and a lower dam downstream pipeline heating system 36. The upper support member 37 is composed of several buffer columns. The buffer columns are made of high-damping rubber, which provides elastic support to the plate when the water flow impacts the precast concrete protective plate 1 to prevent cracks from appearing in the precast concrete protective plate 1.

[0033] like Figure 2 , 3As shown in Figure 4, the lower-level dam downstream pipeline heating system 36 includes two left and right angle steels 42 welded and fixed to the precast concrete protective plate 1 via embedded parts on the plate, and several electric heating tubes 38 connected between adjacent angle steels 42. The electric heating tubes 38 are evenly distributed after being connected in parallel and pass through the limiting holes reserved on the angle steels 42 to achieve quick positioning and installation. The first power supply 41 is fixed to the bottom plate of the inner groove 35 via a U-shaped bracket 39 to supply power to the electric heating tubes 38. The U-shaped bracket 39 is connected to the precast concrete protective plate via embedded parts on the plate. 1. Welded and fixed, and tightening bolts 40 are installed on both sides of the U-shaped bracket 39 to secure the first power supply 41; when the ambient temperature is in a non-extreme low temperature range, the latent heat released by the phase change energy storage material of the composite material layer 2 can meet the anti-freezing heave requirements; when encountering extremely cold climate, the heat storage capacity of the composite material layer 2 alone is insufficient to maintain the soil temperature control requirements, the electric heating system 36 built into the precast concrete protective plate 1 is activated, and heat is actively released through the electric heating tube 38, forming a synergistic complement with the passive phase change heat release of the composite material layer 2.

[0034] like Figure 5 , 6 As shown in Figure 7, after the adjacent precast concrete protective panels are assembled, sealing gaskets 43 are installed around the reserved groove 32. Then, the sensor probes 47 at both ends are inserted into the through holes 31 in the groove. Subsequently, the leakage monitoring module 44 is quickly hoisted into the groove to complete the assembly using pull rings 52. The leakage monitoring module 44 has pull rings 52 on the front and rear sides of the panel 45, and a cover plate 51 in the middle. A second power supply 48, two water immersion sensors 46, and a warning light 50 are installed on the cover plate 51 and are firmly locked to the cover plate 51 by spring clips 49 on both sides of the bottom. When the sensor probe 47 detects water leakage in the surrounding area, it immediately transmits the signal to the water immersion sensor 46, triggering the warning light 50 to emit an audible and visual alarm so that on-site personnel can quickly locate the leakage area. At the same time, if the leakage monitoring module 44 malfunctions, it can be quickly pulled out and replaced using pull rings 52, realizing modular and convenient maintenance.

[0035] Several concrete blocks 63 are evenly distributed around the bottom of the reservoir. These concrete blocks 63 are fixedly connected to the precast concrete protective plate 1. A floating surface heat dissipation system 5 is installed above the water surface. The floating surface heat dissipation system 5 includes an external panel 59 and an internal self-heating panel 61. The floating surface heat dissipation system 5 is anchored to the underwater concrete blocks 63 via suspension ropes 62. A solar cell 60 is installed above the external panel 59 to absorb light energy and store electrical energy, which is then used to heat the external panel 59. The internal self-heating panel 61 has a low-temperature self-heating function. The heating panel is typically composed of an energy storage layer containing a phase change material (PCM) and an electric heating element. It stores and slowly releases heat through the latent heat of phase change of the PCM. When the ambient temperature is not in an extreme low temperature range, the heat released by the internal self-heating panel 61 is sufficient to effectively prevent the water surface from freezing. However, when encountering extremely cold climates and the heating capacity of the internal self-heating panel 61 is insufficient to maintain the antifreeze requirements, the external panel 59 starts heating in conjunction with the internal self-heating panel 61 to form a tiered complementary heating system, jointly ensuring that the water surface does not freeze, thereby avoiding the adverse effects of ice expansion force on the underwater geomembrane 3.

[0036] A water collection well 19 is constructed at the bottom of the reservoir and is connected to a drainage well 27 via a pipe 70. The center of the bottom of the water collection well 19 is inclined to facilitate the upward movement of gas along the well wall and its eventual discharge through the exhaust hole 7 at the end of the drainage well 27. The drainage well 27 is equipped with a well cover 8 and an integrated sensor-activated cover opening system 9.

[0037] The sensor-operated cover opening system 9 includes an electric push rod and a controller 54 mounted on the side of the drainage well 27 without an exhaust port 7 via a second bracket support 53. The top of the electric push rod is bolted to the well cover 8 via a fixing plate 57. One end of the fixing rod 55 is fixed to the well wall of the drainage well 27, and the other end is fixed to a guide ring 56. The electric push rod passes through the guide ring 56 and can extend and retract smoothly under the constraint of the guide ring 56, serving as a guide and limiter. When the air pressure sensor 58 installed next to the exhaust port 7 detects an increase in the exhaust pressure inside the drainage well 27, the controller receives the signal and drives the electric push rod to extend along the guide ring 56, pushing the well cover 8 to open automatically, achieving rapid pressure relief and exhaust. After the exhaust pressure drops back to the set value, the controller drives the electric push rod to retract, driving the well cover 8 to close reliably, effectively preventing debris from falling into the drainage well 27 and ensuring system safety and environmental hygiene.

[0038] The water collection well 19 is connected to the first drainage branch pipe 16 and the fourth drainage branch pipe 15 via the drainage pipe 17 and the tee 22. The first drainage branch pipe 16 is connected to the third drainage branch pipe 65 and the second drainage branch pipe 13 via the tee 22 and the elbow 12. The fourth drainage branch pipe 15 is connected to the sixth drainage branch pipe 64 and the fifth drainage branch pipe 25 via the tee 22 and the elbow 12. The working mode is automatically switched according to the monitoring signal of the turbidity sensor 18 at the bottom of the water collection well 19. When the water quality in the water collection well 19 is detected to be poor, the second electric valve 21 at the fourth drainage branch pipe 15 and the third electric valve 23 at the second drainage branch pipe 13 are closed. When the first electric valve 20 at the first drainage branch pipe 16 and the fourth electric valve 24 at the fifth drainage branch pipe 25 are opened, water flows sequentially along the drainage pipe 17 through the first drainage branch pipe 16 and the third drainage branch pipe 65, and enters the backwash filter 14 for filtration. The purified water flows through the sixth drainage branch pipe 64 and the fifth drainage branch pipe 25 into the drainage well 27, and then through the suction pipe 26, the first outlet pipe 4 and the second pump 28 connected in sequence in the drainage well 27 to return the clean water to the reservoir. When the turbidity sensor 18 detects that the water quality in the collection well 19 is good, the first electric valve 20 and the third electric valve 23 are closed. When the first electric valve 20 and the fourth electric valve 24 are closed, the water flows along the drain pipe 17 through the fourth drain branch pipe 15 and the fifth drain branch pipe 25, and is directly discharged into the drain well 27. It is then pumped back to the reservoir by the second water pump 28. When the backwash filter 14 needs backwashing maintenance to extend its service life after long-term operation, the first electric valve 20 and the fourth electric valve 24 are closed, and the second electric valve 21 and the third electric valve 23 are opened. The water flows along the drain pipe 17 through the fourth drain branch pipe 15 and the sixth drain branch pipe 64, using a reverse water flow to backwash and clean the backwash filter 14. The backwashing produces... Wastewater enters the second drainage branch pipe 13 along the third drainage branch pipe 65, and is discharged from the second outlet pipe 29 protruding from the outer end of the manhole cover 8 via the first water pump 10 installed on the side wall of the drainage well 27 via the first bracket support 11. A pipe plug 30 is provided at the outlet of the second outlet pipe 29 to effectively prevent debris from entering and causing blockage during non-drainage periods. To prevent the pipe 70 from freezing and cracking due to drainage in severe cold environments, an electric heating tape 69 is laid on the outer wall of each pipe section, and then covered with a rock wool insulation layer 68 and an aluminum sheet protective shell 67 in sequence. The pipe sections are sealed together by flanges 66 to form a pipe system with heat preservation and antifreeze functions.

[0039] Among them, the pipeline 70 includes the second drainage branch pipe 13, the fourth drainage branch pipe 15, the first drainage branch pipe 16, the drainage pipe 17, the fifth drainage branch pipe 25, the sixth drainage branch pipe 64, the third drainage branch pipe 65 and other related pipeline structures.

[0040] This invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments described above. Anyone can derive other products in various forms under the guidance of this invention. However, regardless of any changes in shape or structure, any technical solution that is the same as or similar to this application falls within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A construction method of a geomembrane for preventing seepage of a water reservoir in a cold saline-alkali environment, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Excavate a water collection well (19) at the bottom of the reservoir and connect it to the drainage well (27); set an exhaust hole (7) and a well cover (8) at the end of the drainage well (27), and integrate an induction opening system (9). The induction opening system (9) monitors the exhaust pressure in real time through a pressure sensor (58) to drive the well cover (8) to open and close. Step 2: Lay geomembrane (3) on top of the dam body (6) in sequence. When laying geomembrane (3), level the local area under the membrane. Step 3: After the geomembrane (3) is laid, first cover the surface of the geomembrane (3) with a layer of plain soil protective layer, and then fill the plain soil protective layer with a phase change insulation layer so that the plain soil protective layer and the phase change insulation layer form a composite material layer (2). Step 4: After the composite material layer (2) is completed, install the precast concrete protective plate (1); the precast concrete protective plate (1) adopts the segmental prefabrication form, and the adjacent segments are connected by inserting pins (34) into the insertion holes (33); each precast concrete protective plate (1) segment is provided with an inner groove (35) on both sides, and the inner groove (35) includes the upper support component (37) and the lower dam downstream pipeline heating system (36); Step 5: After the adjacent precast concrete protective panels (1) are assembled and positioned, install sealing gaskets (43) around the reserved groove (32) on the top side of the precast concrete protective panel (1), insert the sensor probes (47) at both ends of the leakage monitoring module (44) into the through holes (31) in the reserved groove (32) respectively, and then use the pull ring (52) to install the leakage monitoring module (44) into the reserved groove (32); Step 6: Several concrete blocks (63) are laid at the bottom of the reservoir and connected to the precast concrete protective plate (1); a floating water surface heat dissipation system (5) is set above the water surface and connected to the concrete blocks (63) by a suspension rope (62).

2. The construction method of the impermeable geomembrane for cold saline-alkali environment water storage reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step four, the lower dam downstream pipeline heating system (36) includes at least two angle steels (42) and several electric heating tubes (38) connected between two adjacent angle steels (42). The several electric heating tubes (38) are evenly distributed after being connected in parallel and pass through the reserved limiting holes on the angle steels (42). The first power source (41) is fixed to the bottom plate of the inner groove (35) through a U-shaped bracket (39) and tightened with a top bolt (40).

3. The construction method of the impermeable geomembrane for cold saline-alkali environment water storage reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step five, a cover plate (51) is provided in the middle of the panel (45) of the leakage monitoring module (44). A second power supply (48), at least two water immersion sensors (46), and a warning light (50) are installed on the cover plate (51) by means of a spring clip (49). When the sensor probe (47) detects water leakage in the surrounding area, it transmits the signal to the water immersion sensor (46) and triggers the warning light (50) to emit an audible and visual alarm.

4. The construction method of the impermeable geomembrane for cold saline-alkali environment water storage reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step six, the floating water surface heat dissipation system (5) includes an external panel (59) and an internal self-heating panel (61). A solar cell (60) is installed on the top of the external panel (59), and the internal self-heating panel (61) includes an energy storage layer with a phase change material PCM and an electric heating element.

5. The method for constructing a geomembrane impervious full reservoir blanket for cold saline-alkaline environment water reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step one, the induction opening system (9) includes an electric push rod and a controller (54) installed on one side of the drainage well (27) via a second bracket support (53). The top of the electric push rod is connected to the well cover (8) via a fixing plate (57). One end of the fixing rod (55) is fixed to the well wall of the drainage well (27), and the other end is fixed to the guide ring (56). The electric push rod passes through the guide ring (56).

6. The method for constructing a geomembrane impervious full reservoir blanket for cold saline-alkaline environment water reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step one, the water collection well (19) is connected to the first drainage branch pipe (16) and the fourth drainage branch pipe (15) via the drain pipe (17) and the tee (22). The first drainage branch pipe (16) is connected to the third drainage branch pipe (65) and the second drainage branch pipe (13) via the tee (22) and the elbow (12). The fourth drainage branch pipe (15) is connected to the sixth drainage branch pipe (64) and the fifth drainage branch pipe (25) via the tee (22) and the elbow (12). The drainage mode is switched according to the monitoring signal of the turbidity sensor (18) at the bottom of the water collection well (19).

7. The construction method of the impermeable geomembrane for cold saline-alkali environment water storage reservoir according to claim 6, characterized in that: When poor water quality is detected in the collection well (19), the second electric valve (21) at the fourth drainage branch pipe (15) and the third electric valve (23) at the second drainage branch pipe (13) are closed, while the first electric valve (20) at the first drainage branch pipe (16) and the fourth electric valve (24) at the fifth drainage branch pipe (25) are opened. The water flows along the drainage pipe (17) through the first drainage branch pipe (16) and the third drainage branch pipe (65) in sequence, and enters the backwash filter (14) for filtration. The purified water flows through the sixth drainage branch pipe (64) and the fifth drainage branch pipe (25) and is discharged into the river. The water is discharged back to the reservoir through the drainage well (27), the suction pipe (26), the first outlet pipe (4) and the second pump (28) connected in sequence inside the drainage well (27); when the turbidity sensor (18) detects that the water quality in the collection well (19) is good, the first electric valve (20) and the third electric valve (23) are closed, the second electric valve (21) and the fourth electric valve (24) are opened, and the water flows along the drainage pipe (17) through the fourth drainage branch pipe (15) and the fifth drainage branch pipe (25) and is directly discharged into the drainage well (27), and is then lifted back to the reservoir by the second pump (28).

8. The construction method of the impermeable geomembrane for cold saline-alkali environment water storage reservoir according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the backwash filter (14) needs to be backwashed for maintenance, the first electric valve (20) and the fourth electric valve (24) are closed, and the second electric valve (21) and the third electric valve (23) are opened. The water flows along the drain pipe (17) and sequentially through the fourth drain branch pipe (15) and the sixth drain branch pipe (64) to backwash the backwash filter (14). The sewage generated by backwashing enters the second drain branch pipe (13) along the third drain branch pipe (65) and is discharged from the second outlet pipe (29) by the first water pump (10) installed on the side wall of the drain well (27) via the first bracket support (11).

9. The method for constructing a geomembrane impervious full reservoir blanket for cold saline-alkaline environment water reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water collection well (19) is connected to the drainage well (27) through the pipe (70). The outer wall of the pipe (70) is covered with electric heating tape (69) and then wrapped with rock wool (68) and aluminum sheet (67) in sequence. Adjacent pipes (70) are connected by flanges (66).

10. A geomembrane for preventing seepage of a cold saline-alkali environment regulating and storing reservoir, characterized in that: The geomembrane for seepage prevention in a reservoir with a severely cold and saline-alkali environment, as described in any one of claims 1-9, is obtained through construction.

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