A method and system for real-time detection and reinforcement of sandy soil liquefaction.

Abstract

This invention discloses a method and system for real-time identification and reinforcement of sandy soil liquefaction, relating to the field of geotechnical engineering. The method includes: S1, driving a standard penetration test (SPT) device vertically to the target depth, simultaneously collecting data on the penetration point depth, measured SPT blow count, groundwater level depth, clay content, soil density, pore water pressure, and shear wave velocity parameters; S2, inputting the collected data into an intelligent data processing module, and calculating the critical penetration blow count using a built-in standard discrimination algorithm; S3, determining liquefaction based on the critical penetration blow count and the measured penetration blow count. If the measured penetration blow count is less than or equal to the critical penetration blow count, the soil is determined to be liquefiable; otherwise, it is determined to be non-liquefiable. This invention constructs an integrated automated closed loop of "discrimination—reinforcement—verification," simultaneously collecting multiple parameters to achieve intelligent and accurate discrimination in accordance with national standards, matching reinforcement schemes according to liquefaction levels, and automatically retesting and verifying, significantly improving the efficiency, accuracy, and safety of emergency response.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering, and in particular to a method and system for real-time identification and reinforcement of sand liquefaction. Background Technology

[0002] With the expansion of infrastructure construction and the increasing risk of earthquake disasters, soil liquefaction, as a typical instability phenomenon of saturated sand layers under seismic loading, has become a core concern in the seismic design of building engineering. According to the relevant requirements of the "Code for Seismic Design of Buildings" (GB50011-2010, 2016 edition), for sites identified as requiring soil liquefaction treatment, existing technologies mainly adopt a working mode of "standard penetration test + indoor calculation + manual reinforcement." This involves first obtaining soil parameters through standard penetration tests, then manually calculating the liquefaction index using the standard formulas, and finally reinforcing the site using manual methods such as replacement and grouting based on the calculation results. However, this mode involves independent and fragmented processes between the identification and reinforcement stages, resulting in a significant response lag between the completion of identification and the implementation of reinforcement, which is insufficient to meet the demands for efficient response in emergency scenarios.

[0003] While existing technologies have established a certain system for discrimination and reinforcement processes, they still have significant limitations in the following aspects: First, the collection of discrimination parameters is too singular, relying primarily on the single indicator of standard penetration test (SPT) blow count, lacking simultaneous collection of multiple key parameters such as pore water pressure, shear wave velocity, and clay content. This can easily lead to misjudgments or omissions due to incomplete parameter coverage, failing to meet the requirements of the standard for accurate multi-parameter discrimination. Second, the calculation and classification of the liquefaction index rely on manual work, lacking automated data processing and matching capabilities. This makes it impossible to achieve automatic parameter calculation and three-dimensional visualization, resulting in results that are not intuitive and have poor traceability. Third, the selection and determination of materials and dosage in the reinforcement process are often crude, failing to accurately match according to the liquefaction level, easily leading to insufficient or excessive reinforcement, resulting in material waste and difficulty in guaranteeing the reinforcement effect. Furthermore, there is a lack of effective real-time retesting and closed-loop verification mechanisms after reinforcement, making it impossible to confirm whether the liquefaction risk has truly decreased to the safe threshold, posing a safety hazard. Finally, the integration of discrimination equipment and reinforcement equipment is low; the equipment is bulky, non-disassembled, difficult to transport and deploy on-site, and has poor adaptability.

[0004] To address the aforementioned shortcomings, this invention provides a method and system for real-time identification and reinforcement of sand liquefaction, integrating in-situ multi-parameter synchronous discrimination, intelligent grading, automated reinforcement, real-time monitoring, and effect verification. This achieves a closed loop of "discrimination-reinforcement-verification," improves discrimination accuracy and reinforcement efficiency, and ensures that the treatment effect meets national standards and specifications. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned shortcomings, this invention provides a method and system for real-time identification and reinforcement of sandy soil liquefaction. By constructing an integrated automated closed loop of "identification-reinforcement-verification," it simultaneously collects multiple parameters to achieve intelligent and accurate identification in accordance with national standards, matches reinforcement schemes according to liquefaction levels, and automatically retests and verifies, significantly improving the efficiency, accuracy, and safety of emergency response.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for real-time identification and reinforcement of sand liquefaction, comprising: S1. Drive the standard penetration test device vertically to the target depth, and simultaneously collect the penetration point depth, measured standard penetration hammer blows, groundwater level depth, clay content, soil density, pore water pressure and shear wave velocity parameters. S2. Input the collected data into the intelligent data processing module and calculate the critical penetration blow count using the built-in standard discrimination algorithm; S3. Liquefaction determination is made based on the critical penetration blow count and the measured penetration blow count. If the measured penetration blow count is less than or equal to the critical penetration blow count, it is determined to be liquefiable soil; otherwise, it is determined to be non-liquefiable soil. S4, through formula Calculate the liquefaction index; where, For soil layer thickness, This is the weighting function for the influence of different strata. S5. Based on the total liquefaction index The system classifies liquefaction levels and automatically matches corresponding reinforcement schemes; the reinforcement scheme includes parameters such as reinforcement material type, injection pressure, injection volume, and grouting hole spacing. S6. The grouting reinforcement operation is automatically executed through the reinforcement module. The output pressure and flow rate of the grouting pump are controlled according to the matched and determined reinforcement parameters, and the grouting process data is recorded in real time. S7. After the reinforcement is completed, the reinforced area is retested through the liquefaction discrimination module to verify whether the reinforcement effect has reached the safety threshold. If it does not meet the standard, the secondary reinforcement process is automatically triggered. S8. The discrimination data, reinforcement parameters, and verification results are uploaded to the remote monitoring center through the data transmission module to achieve data traceability and remote decision support.

[0007] Preferably, S1 includes: The standard penetration device is driven vertically to the target depth by a hydraulic drive mechanism. The hydraulic drive mechanism is a double-acting hydraulic cylinder, which can meet the penetration resistance requirements of the standard penetration test. The hydraulic system is equipped with an independent accumulator to ensure the stability of the penetration process. The standard penetration device adopts a hollow hammer structure and the penetrator is a split tube type. The standard penetration device is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder through a flange. The system collects parameters such as penetration depth, measured standard penetration test (SPT) blow count, groundwater level, clay content, soil density, pore water pressure, and shear wave velocity using a synchronous acquisition component. This synchronous acquisition component includes a depth sensor, a blow counter, a pore water pressure sensor, a shear wave velocity sensor, and a clay content detection device. The depth sensor is a wire-type displacement sensor that indirectly obtains the penetration depth by measuring the extension length of the piston rod. The blow counter uses a magnetoelectric induction trigger, generating a pulse signal each time the hammer passes the trigger area; the main control unit accumulates the counts to obtain the measured SPT blow count. The pore water pressure sensor is a vibrating wire piezometer that collects real-time changes in pore water pressure during penetration. The shear wave velocity sensor uses a cross-hole probe with a built-in accelerometer, obtaining the shear wave velocity through signal correlation analysis during penetration. The clay content detection device, based on the principle of laser diffraction, performs particle size analysis on soil samples taken during penetration to obtain the clay content. Soil density is indirectly assessed by comparing the relationship between penetration resistance and the SPT blow count.

[0008] Preferably, S2 includes: The intelligent data processing module uses an industrial-grade embedded controller and calls the NumPy library for numerical calculations. The formula for calculating the critical penetration blow count is as follows: ; In the formula, To standardize the corresponding benchmark values, and based on the values ​​in Appendix F of GB50011-2010; Earthquake grouping adjustment factors; The depth of the penetration point; This refers to the depth of the groundwater level. Clay content; The calculation process first determines the validity of each parameter; if... or or or If the parameter is not valid, an error flag will be returned and a parameter error message will be displayed; if the parameter is valid, the critical penetration blow count will be generated according to the calculation formula.

[0009] Preferably, S4 includes: Soil layer thickness between adjacent measuring points, ordered by measuring point depth. Take half the depth difference between the two measuring points; for each liquefiable soil layer, based on the midpoint depth Calculate the stratigraphic influence weight function ,when hour, ;when hour, ;when At that time, calculation is performed using linear interpolation: ; Through formula Calculate the contribution value of the liquefaction index; The total liquefaction index is obtained by summing the contribution values ​​of all liquefaction layers. ; according to Numerical classification of liquefaction levels: when At that time, it was slightly liquefied. At that time, it was at a medium liquefaction level. At that time, it was severely liquefied, when It was at a very serious liquefaction level.

[0010] Preferably, S5 includes: When the liquefaction is slight, the reinforcement material is cement-water glass double-liquid grout, the injection pressure is 0.3-0.5 MPa, the injection volume per hole is 15-20 L / m, and the spacing between grouting holes is 2.0 m. When the liquefaction is moderate, the reinforcement material is cement-water glass dual-liquid grout, the injection pressure is 0.5-0.8 MPa, the injection volume per hole is 20-30 L / m, and the spacing between grouting holes is 1.5 m. When the liquefaction is severe, the reinforcement material is high-pressure jet grouting cement grout, the injection pressure is 0.8-1.2 MPa, the injection volume per hole is 30-50 L / m, and the spacing between grouting holes is 1.2 m. When the liquefaction is severe, the reinforcement material is high-pressure jet grouting cement grout, the injection pressure is 1.2-1.5 MPa, the injection volume per hole is 50-80 L / m, and the spacing between grouting holes is 1.0 m. Preferably, S6 includes: The reinforcement module includes a grouting pump, grouting pipeline, pressure sensor, flow meter, and automatic control valve. The grouting pump is a three-cylinder piston pump; the grouting pipeline uses high-pressure steel wire braided hose; the pressure sensor is installed at the outlet end of the grouting pipeline to collect grouting pressure in real time and feed it back to the intelligent data processing module; the flow meter is an electromagnetic flow meter to monitor the grout injection flow rate; the automatic control valve is an electric regulating valve that dynamically adjusts its opening according to the instructions of the intelligent data processing module to achieve closed-loop control of the grouting pressure. During grouting reinforcement, the intelligent data processing module first sends an opening adjustment command to the automatic control valve according to the injection pressure setting value in the reinforcement plan, so that the grouting pressure gradually rises to the set value; when the pressure reaches a stable state, formal grouting begins; at the same time, the flow meter collects the injection flow rate in real time, and the intelligent data processing module calculates the cumulative injection volume based on the flow rate; when the cumulative injection volume reaches the single-hole injection volume designed in the plan, the grouting pump is automatically shut off, and the grouting of that hole ends.

[0011] Preferably, S7 includes: The retesting process is the same as steps S1 to S4, that is, the reinforced area is retested using a standard penetration tester, the number of penetration blows after the retest is obtained, the critical number of penetration blows is recalculated, and the liquefaction state is determined. The intelligent data processing module compares the retest results with the original data and calculates the rate of change of the liquefaction index before and after reinforcement. ;like And after retesting If the reinforcement effect is satisfactory, the safety risk has been reduced to an acceptable range; if or And after retesting If the reinforcement effect is not up to standard, the intelligent data processing module will automatically trigger the secondary reinforcement process, reset the grouting parameters according to 1.2 times the original reinforcement scheme parameters, and execute step S6 for supplementary reinforcement. After the secondary reinforcement is completed, a retest is performed until the reinforcement effect meets the standard.

[0012] Secondly, the present invention also provides a real-time sand liquefaction detection and reinforcement treatment system, which applies the real-time sand liquefaction detection and reinforcement treatment method described above. The system includes a liquefaction detection module, an intelligent data processing module, a reinforcement module, a verification module, and a data transmission module. The liquefaction discrimination module is used to drive the standard penetration device vertically to the target depth through a hydraulic drive mechanism, and simultaneously collect the penetration point depth, measured standard penetration hammer blows, groundwater level depth, clay content, soil density, pore water pressure and shear wave velocity parameters. The intelligent data processing module is used to input the collected data into the built-in standard discrimination algorithm, calculate the critical penetration blow count, and determine liquefaction by comparing the measured penetration blow count with the critical value. At the same time, it calculates the liquefaction index, classifies the liquefaction level according to the total liquefaction index, and automatically matches the reinforcement scheme. The reinforcement module is used to automatically execute grouting reinforcement operation according to the reinforcement scheme matched by the intelligent data processing module, control the output of the grouting pump according to the set injection pressure and injection volume parameters, and record the grouting process data in real time. The verification module is used to retest the reinforced area after reinforcement is completed. By comparing the change rate of liquefaction index before and after reinforcement, it determines whether the reinforcement effect meets the standard. If it does not meet the standard, the secondary reinforcement process is automatically triggered. The data transmission module is used to upload the discrimination data, reinforcement parameters, and verification results to the remote monitoring center to achieve data traceability and remote decision support.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: 1. Construct a fully automated closed-loop operation system to completely break down the barriers of independent and fragmented processes in traditional technologies, such as identification, calculation, reinforcement, and verification. This achieves seamless automation of the entire process from identification to reinforcement to verification, eliminating the need for manual data transfer and scheme conversion between stages. It significantly shortens the response lag from liquefaction identification to reinforcement implementation, enabling rapid response to emergency rescue needs related to sand liquefaction after earthquakes. At the same time, it adopts a detachable modular integrated design to solve the problems of bulky, non-disassembly, and difficult transportation and on-site deployment of traditional equipment. Each module can be independently disassembled and debugged to adapt to the operational needs under various complex site conditions.

[0014] 2. Achieve high-precision intelligent discrimination through multi-source parameter fusion, breaking through the limitations of traditional technology that relies solely on the single indicator of standard penetration test (SPT) blow count. It simultaneously collects key soil layer parameters such as penetration depth, SPT blow count, groundwater level, clay content, soil density, pore water pressure, and shear wave velocity. Through multi-source data fusion analysis, it effectively avoids misjudgment and omission caused by incomplete parameter coverage. It has a built-in intelligent algorithm that conforms to GB50011-2010 standards, which automatically completes the calculation of critical penetration blow count, liquefaction state determination, liquefaction index calculation, and grade classification, replacing the traditional manual calculation method, eliminating human error, and supporting three-dimensional visualization of results. All data is traceable throughout the process, facilitating engineering analysis and quality acceptance.

[0015] 3. Construct an intelligent matching model between liquefaction level and reinforcement parameters. This model automatically matches differentiated reinforcement materials, injection pressure, single-hole injection volume, and grouting hole spacing for four liquefaction levels: minor, moderate, severe, and very severe. This completely solves the problems of crude reinforcement schemes, material waste, or insufficient reinforcement in traditional technologies. After reinforcement, a standardized retesting process is automatically initiated. The effect is judged by comparing the change rate of the liquefaction index before and after reinforcement. If the standard is not met, a second reinforcement with optimized parameters is automatically triggered, forming a closed-loop verification mechanism of "reinforcement—retesting—re-reinforcement" to ensure that the liquefaction risk is reduced to a safe threshold. Simultaneously, it supports 4G / 5G remote data transmission and real-time monitoring, providing data support for refined engineering management and scientific decision-making. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Fig. 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for real-time identification and reinforcement of sand liquefaction.

[0017] Fig. 2 It is a time-series diagram of multi-parameter synchronous acquisition in a real-time identification and reinforcement treatment method for sand liquefaction.

[0018] Fig. 3 This is a structural block diagram of a real-time sand liquefaction detection and reinforcement system. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0020] Example 1 Please see Figs. 1-2 This embodiment provides a method for real-time identification and reinforcement of sand liquefaction. It adopts a detachable modular integrated design, integrating multi-parameter synchronous acquisition, intelligent algorithm identification, graded automated reinforcement, and closed-loop verification functions into a unified platform. This achieves a closed-loop operation of "identification-reinforcement-verification," improving identification accuracy and reinforcement efficiency, and ensuring that the treatment effect meets the requirements of the GB50011-2010 national standard. The method includes the following steps: S1 drives the standard penetration test device to penetrate vertically to the target depth, and simultaneously collects the penetration point depth, measured standard penetration hammer blows, groundwater level depth, clay content, soil density, pore water pressure and shear wave velocity parameters. Specifically, S1 includes: The standard penetration device is driven vertically to the target depth by a hydraulic drive mechanism. This mechanism employs a double-acting hydraulic cylinder with a cylinder diameter of 80mm, a rod diameter of 45mm, a stroke of 1500mm, and a maximum output thrust of 50kN, meeting the penetration resistance requirements of the standard penetration test. The hydraulic system is equipped with an independent accumulator with a volume of 2.5L and a working pressure set at 21MPa to ensure the stability of the penetration process. The standard penetration device uses a hollow hammer structure with a hammer weight of 63.5kg and a drop height of 76cm. The penetrometer is a split-tube type with an outer diameter of 51mm, an inner diameter of 35mm, and a length of 700mm. The standard penetration device is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder piston rod via a flange to ensure the verticality and stability of the force transmission. The system collects data on penetration depth, measured standard penetration test blow count, groundwater level, clay content, soil density, pore water pressure, and shear wave velocity parameters using a synchronous acquisition component. This synchronous acquisition component includes a depth sensor, a blow counter, a pore water pressure sensor, a shear wave velocity sensor, and a clay content detection device. The depth sensor is a wire-type displacement sensor, model PWS-1500, with a measurement range of 0 to 1500 mm and a resolution of 0.1 mm. It is mounted on a fixed bracket on the side of the hydraulic cylinder, and the penetration depth is indirectly obtained by measuring the extension length of the piston rod. The strike count counter uses a magnetoelectric induction trigger, installed on the top of the drop hammer guide rail. Each time the hammer passes the trigger area, a pulse signal is generated, which is then accumulated by the main control unit to obtain the measured number of standard penetration hammer strikes. The pore water pressure sensor uses a vibrating wire piezometer, model VWP-200, with a range of 0 to 200 kPa. It is embedded in a pre-drilled hole on the side of the penetrometer to collect real-time data on changes in pore water pressure during penetration. The shear wave velocity sensor uses a cross-hole probe with a built-in accelerometer and a sampling frequency of 10 kHz. The shear wave velocity is obtained through signal correlation analysis during penetration. The clay content detection device, based on the principle of laser diffraction, performs particle size analysis on soil samples taken during penetration to obtain the clay content. (expressed as a percentage); soil compaction is indirectly assessed by comparing the relationship between penetration resistance and standard penetration blow count; data from each sensor is synchronously transmitted to the intelligent data processing module via CAN bus at a sampling rate of 100Hz.

[0021] S2 inputs the collected data into the intelligent data processing module and calculates the critical penetration blow count using the built-in standard discrimination algorithm; Specifically, S2 includes: The intelligent data processing module adopts an industrial-grade embedded controller, equipped with an Intel Core i5-10500T processor with a main frequency of 2.3GHz, 16GB DDR4 memory and a 512GB solid-state drive, and runs a Linux real-time operating system; the built-in standard discrimination algorithm program is written in Python 3.8 and calls the NumPy library for numerical calculation; The formula for calculating the critical penetration blow count is as follows: ; In the formula, To standardize the corresponding benchmark values, and based on the values ​​taken from Appendix F of GB50011-2010, when the seismic fortification intensity is 6 degrees... Take 7, 10 for 7 degrees, 16 for 8 degrees, and 25 for 9 degrees; Earthquake grouping adjustment factors; The depth of the penetration point (unit: m); Groundwater level depth (unit: m); The clay content (substitute as a percentage, e.g., 15% into 15); The calculation process first determines the validity of each parameter; if... or or or If the parameter is not valid, an error flag will be returned and a parameter error message will be displayed; if the parameter is valid, the critical penetration blow count will be generated according to the calculation formula.

[0022] S3. Liquefaction is determined based on the critical penetration blow count and the measured penetration blow count. If the measured penetration blow count is less than or equal to the critical penetration blow count, it is determined to be liquefiable soil; otherwise, it is determined to be non-liquefiable soil. Specifically, S3 includes: The decision-making logic is executed by the state machine program built into the intelligent data processing module; upon receiving complete penetration data, it first reads the measured standard penetration hammer blow count at the current measuring point. and the calculated critical penetration blow count Then perform a comparison operation; if If the measurement point is in a liquefied state, then the depth of the liquefaction point should be recorded. liquefaction degree ratio Information such as; if If the test point is in a non-liquefied state, then the test point is marked as such; the determination result, along with the original data, is stored in a local SQLite database. The database table structure includes the test point number, penetration time, and... , , , , Fields such as judgment results facilitate subsequent analysis and traceability.

[0023] S4, through formula Calculate the liquefaction index; where, For soil layer thickness, This is the weighting function for the influence of different strata. Specifically, S4 includes: First, sort the measuring points by depth, then determine the soil layer thickness between adjacent measuring points. Take half the depth difference between the two measuring points; for each liquefiable soil layer, determine the depth based on its midpoint. Calculate the stratigraphic influence weight function ,when hour, ;when hour, ;when At that time, calculation is performed using linear interpolation: Then calculate the liquefaction index contribution value of this layer. Finally, the contribution values ​​of all liquefaction layers are summed to obtain the total liquefaction index. The calculation result should be rounded to three decimal places, and according to... Numerical classification of liquefaction levels: when At that time, it was slightly liquefied. At that time, it was at a medium liquefaction level. At that time, it was severely liquefied, when The liquefaction level is considered very severe; the grading results are simultaneously displayed on the touch screen and support 3D visualization, intuitively presenting the liquefaction risk distribution at each depth.

[0024] S5, based on the total liquefaction index The system classifies liquefaction levels and automatically matches corresponding reinforcement schemes; the reinforcement scheme includes parameters such as reinforcement material type, injection pressure, injection volume, and grouting hole spacing. Specifically, S5 includes: The reinforcement scheme matching algorithm is built into the parameter configuration database of the intelligent data processing module. The database pre-stores reinforcement parameter templates for different liquefaction levels; when After the calculation is completed, the system automatically queries the matching template to determine the reinforcement scheme; the specific parameter matching rules are shown in the table below: The water-cement ratio of the cement-water glass dual-liquid grout is 0.8:1, the water glass modulus is 2.4-2.8, and the volume ratio is 1:1; the water-cement ratio of the high-pressure jet grout is 1:1, with 0.5% water-reducing agent added; the injection pressure is dynamically adjusted according to the test results of the field test section to ensure that the grout diffusion radius meets the design requirements; the injection volume per hole is calculated based on the liquefaction layer thickness, with each meter of liquefaction layer corresponding to the values ​​in the table; the spacing between grouting holes is determined according to the grout diffusion radius to ensure that the grout overlap width between adjacent holes is not less than 0.5m.

[0025] S6 automatically performs grouting reinforcement operations through the reinforcement module, controls the output pressure and flow rate of the grouting pump according to the matched and determined reinforcement parameters, and records the grouting process data in real time; Specifically, S6 includes: The reinforcement module includes a grouting pump, grouting pipeline, pressure sensor, flow meter, and automatic control valve. The grouting pump is a three-cylinder piston pump, model 3W-6B, with a displacement of 60L / min, a maximum working pressure of 2MPa, and a motor power of 15kW. The grouting pipeline uses high-pressure steel wire braided hose with an inner diameter of 19mm and a working pressure of 2.5MPa. The pressure sensor, model YP-100, is installed at the outlet end of the grouting pipeline, with a range of 0-2MPa, and collects the grouting pressure in real time and feeds it back to the intelligent data processing module. The flow meter is an electromagnetic flow meter, model LDG-25, with a measurement range of 0-100L / min, used to monitor the grout injection flow rate. The automatic control valve is an electric regulating valve that dynamically adjusts its opening according to the instructions of the intelligent data processing module to achieve closed-loop control of the grouting pressure.

[0026] During grouting reinforcement operations, the intelligent data processing module first determines the injection pressure setting value in the reinforcement plan. The system sends an opening adjustment command to the automatic control valve, causing the grouting pressure to gradually rise to the set value. Once the pressure reaches a stable state, formal grouting begins. Simultaneously, the flow meter collects the injection flow rate in real time. The intelligent data processing module calculates the cumulative injection volume based on the traffic. ;when When the designed single-hole injection volume is reached, the grouting pump is automatically shut off, ending the grouting of that hole; grouting process data (including time, pressure, flow rate, cumulative injection volume, etc.) are synchronously stored in the database, forming a complete grouting construction record.

[0027] S7. After reinforcement is completed, the reinforced area is retested through the liquefaction discrimination module to verify whether the reinforcement effect has reached the safety threshold. If it does not meet the standard, the secondary reinforcement process is automatically triggered. Specifically, S7 includes: The retesting process is the same as steps S1 to S4, that is, the reinforced area is retested using a standard penetration tester to obtain the number of penetration blows after the retest. Recalculate the critical penetration blow count The liquefaction state is determined; the intelligent data processing module compares the retest results with the original data and calculates the rate of change of the liquefaction index before and after reinforcement. ;like And after retesting If the reinforcement effect is satisfactory, the safety risk has been reduced to an acceptable range; if or And after retesting If the reinforcement effect is deemed unsatisfactory, the intelligent data processing module automatically triggers a secondary reinforcement process, resetting the grouting parameters to 1.2 times the original reinforcement scheme parameters and executing step S6 for supplementary reinforcement. After the secondary reinforcement is completed, a retest is performed again until the reinforcement effect meets the standards. The entire "judgment-reinforcement-verification" closed-loop process is fully automated, requiring no manual intervention, which significantly improves the efficiency of emergency response.

[0028] S8 uploads the discrimination data, reinforcement parameters, and verification results to the remote monitoring center through the data transmission module, enabling data traceability and remote decision support. Specifically, S8 includes: The data transmission module adopts a 4G / 5G wireless communication module, model ME909s-821, supporting LTE Cat.4. The intelligent data processing module packages the raw data, construction records, and verification results from the local database into a JSON format file and uploads it to the remote monitoring center via HTTPS protocol. The data packet content includes project number, site coordinates, penetration measurement point data, liquefaction judgment results, reinforcement scheme parameters, grouting process curve, and retest verification results. The remote monitoring center is equipped with a data receiving server and a visualization display platform, allowing maintenance personnel to view construction progress, query historical data, and output statistical reports in real time through a web interface. When on-site equipment malfunctions, the intelligent data processing module automatically generates alarm information and pushes it to relevant personnel via SMS or instant messaging tools to ensure timely response to problems.

[0029] In summary, this invention constructs an integrated sand liquefaction treatment system through four core mechanisms: simultaneous acquisition of multiple parameters, automatic identification using intelligent algorithms, graded and precise reinforcement, and closed-loop verification. This system completely changes the traditional model where identification and reinforcement are separated. It significantly shortens response time through automated processes, significantly improves identification accuracy through multi-source parameter fusion, significantly optimizes reinforcement effects through graded matching, and significantly enhances safety assurance capabilities through real-time retesting. It meets the requirements of the GB50011-2010 national standard and has significant technological innovation and engineering practical value.

[0030] Example 2 Please see Figs. 1-3 This embodiment provides a real-time sand liquefaction detection and reinforcement treatment system, which applies the real-time sand liquefaction detection and reinforcement treatment method described above. The system includes a liquefaction detection module, an intelligent data processing module, a reinforcement module, a verification module, and a data transmission module. The liquefaction discrimination module is used to drive the standard penetration device vertically to the target depth through a hydraulic drive mechanism, and simultaneously collect the penetration point depth, measured standard penetration hammer blows, groundwater level depth, clay content, soil density, pore water pressure and shear wave velocity parameters. The intelligent data processing module is used to input the collected data into the built-in standard discrimination algorithm, calculate the critical penetration blow count, and determine liquefaction by comparing the measured penetration blow count with the critical value. At the same time, it calculates the liquefaction index, classifies the liquefaction level according to the total liquefaction index, and automatically matches the reinforcement scheme. The reinforcement module is used to automatically execute grouting reinforcement operation according to the reinforcement scheme matched by the intelligent data processing module, control the output of the grouting pump according to the set injection pressure and injection volume parameters, and record the grouting process data in real time. The verification module is used to retest the reinforced area after reinforcement is completed. By comparing the change rate of liquefaction index before and after reinforcement, it determines whether the reinforcement effect meets the standard. If it does not meet the standard, the secondary reinforcement process is automatically triggered. The data transmission module is used to upload the discrimination data, reinforcement parameters, and verification results to the remote monitoring center to achieve data traceability and remote decision support.

[0031] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for real-time identification and reinforcement treatment of sand liquefaction, characterized in that, include: S1. Drive the standard penetration test device vertically to the target depth, and simultaneously collect the penetration point depth, measured standard penetration hammer blows, groundwater level depth, clay content, soil density, pore water pressure and shear wave velocity parameters. S2. Input the collected data into the intelligent data processing module and calculate the critical penetration blow count using the built-in standard discrimination algorithm; S3. Liquefaction determination is made based on the critical penetration blow count and the measured penetration blow count. If the measured penetration blow count is less than or equal to the critical penetration blow count, it is determined to be liquefiable soil; otherwise, it is determined to be non-liquefiable soil. S4, through formula Calculate the liquefaction index; where, For soil layer thickness, This is the weighting function for the influence of different strata. S5. Based on the total liquefaction index The system classifies liquefaction levels and automatically matches corresponding reinforcement schemes; the reinforcement scheme includes parameters such as reinforcement material type, injection pressure, injection volume, and grouting hole spacing. S6. The grouting reinforcement operation is automatically executed through the reinforcement module. The output pressure and flow rate of the grouting pump are controlled according to the matched and determined reinforcement parameters, and the grouting process data is recorded in real time. S7. After the reinforcement is completed, the reinforced area is retested through the liquefaction discrimination module to verify whether the reinforcement effect has reached the safety threshold. If it does not meet the standard, the secondary reinforcement process is automatically triggered. S8. The discrimination data, reinforcement parameters, and verification results are uploaded to the remote monitoring center through the data transmission module to achieve data traceability and remote decision support.

2. The method for real-time identification and reinforcement of sand liquefaction according to claim 1, characterized in that, S1 includes: The standard penetration device is driven vertically to the target depth by a hydraulic drive mechanism. The hydraulic drive mechanism is a double-acting hydraulic cylinder, which can meet the penetration resistance requirements of the standard penetration test. The hydraulic system is equipped with an independent accumulator to ensure the stability of the penetration process. The standard penetration device adopts a hollow hammer structure and the penetrator is a split tube type. The standard penetration device is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder through a flange. The system collects parameters such as penetration depth, measured standard penetration test (SPT) blow count, groundwater level, clay content, soil density, pore water pressure, and shear wave velocity using a synchronous acquisition component. This synchronous acquisition component includes a depth sensor, a blow counter, a pore water pressure sensor, a shear wave velocity sensor, and a clay content detection device. The depth sensor is a wire-type displacement sensor that indirectly obtains the penetration depth by measuring the extension length of the piston rod. The blow counter uses a magnetoelectric induction trigger, generating a pulse signal each time the hammer passes the trigger area; the main control unit accumulates the counts to obtain the measured SPT blow count. The pore water pressure sensor is a vibrating wire piezometer that collects real-time changes in pore water pressure during penetration. The shear wave velocity sensor uses a cross-hole probe with a built-in accelerometer, obtaining the shear wave velocity through signal correlation analysis during penetration. The clay content detection device, based on the principle of laser diffraction, performs particle size analysis on soil samples taken during penetration to obtain the clay content. Soil density is indirectly assessed by comparing the relationship between penetration resistance and the SPT blow count.

3. The method for real-time identification and reinforcement of sand liquefaction according to claim 2, characterized in that, S2 includes: The intelligent data processing module uses an industrial-grade embedded controller and calls the NumPy library for numerical calculations. The formula for calculating the critical penetration blow count is as follows: ； In the formula, To standardize the corresponding benchmark values, and based on the values ​​in Appendix F of GB50011-2010; Earthquake grouping adjustment factors; The depth of the penetration point; This refers to the depth of the groundwater level. Clay content; The calculation process first determines the validity of each parameter; if... or or or If the parameter is not valid, an error flag will be returned and a parameter error message will be displayed; if the parameter is valid, the critical penetration blow count will be generated according to the calculation formula.

4. The method for real-time identification and reinforcement of sand liquefaction according to claim 3, characterized in that, The S4 includes: Soil layer thickness between adjacent measuring points, ordered by measuring point depth. Take half the depth difference between the two measuring points; for each liquefiable soil layer, based on the midpoint depth Calculate the stratigraphic influence weight function ,when hour, ;when hour, ;when At that time, calculation is performed using linear interpolation: ; Through formula Calculate the contribution value of the liquefaction index; The total liquefaction index is obtained by summing the contribution values ​​of all liquefaction layers. ; according to Numerical classification of liquefaction levels: when At that time, it was slightly liquefied. At that time, it was at a medium liquefaction level. At that time, it was severely liquefied, when It was at a very serious liquefaction level.

5. The method for real-time identification and reinforcement of sand liquefaction according to claim 4, characterized in that, The S5 includes: When the liquefaction is slight, the reinforcement material is cement-water glass double-liquid grout, the injection pressure is 0.3-0.5 MPa, the injection volume per hole is 15-20 L / m, and the spacing between grouting holes is 2.0 m. When the liquefaction is moderate, the reinforcement material is cement-water glass dual-liquid grout, the injection pressure is 0.5-0.8 MPa, the injection volume per hole is 20-30 L / m, and the spacing between grouting holes is 1.5 m. When the liquefaction is severe, the reinforcement material is high-pressure jet grouting cement grout, the injection pressure is 0.8-1.2 MPa, the injection volume per hole is 30-50 L / m, and the spacing between grouting holes is 1.2 m. When the liquefaction is severe, the reinforcement material is high-pressure jet grouting cement grout, the injection pressure is 1.2-1.5 MPa, the injection volume per hole is 50-80 L / m, and the spacing between grouting holes is 1.0 m.

6. The method for real-time identification and reinforcement of sand liquefaction according to claim 5, characterized in that, The S6 includes: The reinforcement module includes a grouting pump, grouting pipeline, pressure sensor, flow meter, and automatic control valve. The grouting pump is a three-cylinder piston pump; the grouting pipeline uses high-pressure steel wire braided hose; the pressure sensor is installed at the outlet end of the grouting pipeline to collect grouting pressure in real time and feed it back to the intelligent data processing module; the flow meter is an electromagnetic flow meter to monitor the grout injection flow rate; the automatic control valve is an electric regulating valve that dynamically adjusts its opening according to the instructions of the intelligent data processing module to achieve closed-loop control of the grouting pressure. During grouting reinforcement, the intelligent data processing module first sends an opening adjustment command to the automatic control valve according to the injection pressure setting value in the reinforcement plan, so that the grouting pressure gradually rises to the set value; when the pressure reaches a stable state, formal grouting begins; at the same time, the flow meter collects the injection flow rate in real time, and the intelligent data processing module calculates the cumulative injection volume based on the flow rate; when the cumulative injection volume reaches the single-hole injection volume designed in the plan, the grouting pump is automatically shut off, and the grouting of that hole ends.

7. The method for real-time identification and reinforcement of sand liquefaction according to claim 6, characterized in that, The S7 includes: The retesting process is the same as steps S1 to S4, that is, the reinforced area is retested using a standard penetration tester, the number of penetration blows after the retest is obtained, the critical number of penetration blows is recalculated, and the liquefaction state is determined. The intelligent data processing module compares the retest results with the original data and calculates the rate of change of the liquefaction index before and after reinforcement. ;like And after retesting If the reinforcement effect is satisfactory, the safety risk has been reduced to an acceptable range; if or And after retesting If the reinforcement effect is not up to standard, the intelligent data processing module will automatically trigger the secondary reinforcement process, reset the grouting parameters according to 1.2 times the original reinforcement scheme parameters, and execute step S6 for supplementary reinforcement. After the second reinforcement is completed, a retest is performed until the reinforcement effect meets the standard.

8. A real-time detection and reinforcement system for sand liquefaction, characterized in that, The method for real-time identification and reinforcement of sand liquefaction as described in any one of claims 1-7 above, wherein the system includes a liquefaction identification module, an intelligent data processing module, a reinforcement module, a verification module, and a data transmission module; The liquefaction discrimination module is used to drive the standard penetration device vertically to the target depth through a hydraulic drive mechanism, and simultaneously collect the penetration point depth, measured standard penetration hammer blows, groundwater level depth, clay content, soil density, pore water pressure and shear wave velocity parameters. The intelligent data processing module is used to input the collected data into the built-in standard discrimination algorithm, calculate the critical penetration blow count, and determine liquefaction by comparing the measured penetration blow count with the critical value. At the same time, it calculates the liquefaction index, classifies the liquefaction level according to the total liquefaction index, and automatically matches the reinforcement scheme. The reinforcement module is used to automatically execute grouting reinforcement operation according to the reinforcement scheme matched by the intelligent data processing module, control the output of the grouting pump according to the set injection pressure and injection volume parameters, and record the grouting process data in real time. The verification module is used to retest the reinforced area after reinforcement is completed. By comparing the change rate of liquefaction index before and after reinforcement, it determines whether the reinforcement effect meets the standard. If it does not meet the standard, the secondary reinforcement process is automatically triggered. The data transmission module is used to upload the discrimination data, reinforcement parameters, and verification results to the remote monitoring center to achieve data traceability and remote decision support.

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