Green building energy-saving roof

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of building energy-saving roof technology, specifically disclosing a green building energy-saving roof, including a roof base, a temperature-sensing drive mechanism, an opening and closing ventilation device, and a folding shading device. Addressing the contradiction between high-temperature insulation and low-temperature heat preservation in existing green building energy-saving roofs, and the problem of increased energy consumption due to the reliance on external energy for adjustable structures, this invention adopts a method without external energy drive, automatically adjusting the roof's ventilation and shading states solely based on temperature changes. At high temperatures, it automatically enhances roof ventilation and shading effects, reducing indoor temperature; at low temperatures, it automatically reduces ventilation and heat loss, improving insulation performance. The structure is simple, reliable, and has low maintenance costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building energy-saving roof technology, specifically referring to a green building energy-saving roof. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid urbanization and dramatic increase in building area in my country, building energy consumption is rising daily. Implementing green and energy-saving practices in urban buildings can significantly reduce building energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, while also improving the urban climate. As the primary component for heat exchange between a building and the external environment, the roof's energy-saving performance has a significant impact on the overall building energy consumption.

[0003] Several green building energy-saving roof solutions have been proposed in the existing technology. For example, Chinese utility model patent CN216475816U discloses a low-energy-consumption prefabricated green building roof structure, which includes a roof frame, multiple roof panels installed on the roof frame, multiple roof panels spliced ​​together to form a roof, connecting plates pre-embedded on the opposite sides of two adjacent roof panels, elastic elements connecting two connecting plates, and a waterproof layer filling the gap between two roof panels. This solution reduces roof cracking through elastic elements, but still has the following shortcomings: the roof structure is a fixed structure, which cannot actively adjust the ventilation and shading effect of the roof according to seasonal changes and climatic conditions. In the high temperatures of summer, the roof absorbs heat severely, and in the cold temperatures of winter, the roof dissipates heat too quickly, resulting in limited energy-saving effect.

[0004] Furthermore, existing green building energy-saving roofs generally face the following technical contradictions: on the one hand, improving high-temperature insulation performance requires increasing the roof's shading and ventilation capabilities; on the other hand, improving low-temperature insulation performance requires reducing roof ventilation and heat loss. This contradiction is difficult to effectively resolve in fixed roof structures. Although some existing solutions employ adjustable structures, they often rely on external energy sources, increasing energy consumption and creating new energy-saving contradictions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the above issues and overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a green building energy-saving roof. Addressing the contradiction between high-temperature insulation and low-temperature heat preservation in existing green building energy-saving roofs, and the problem of increased energy consumption due to the reliance on external energy for adjustable structures, this invention adopts a method that eliminates the need for external energy, automatically adjusting the roof's ventilation and shading states solely based on temperature changes. At high temperatures, it automatically enhances roof ventilation and shading effects, reducing indoor temperature; at low temperatures, it automatically reduces ventilation and heat loss, improving insulation performance. The structure is simple, reliable, and has low maintenance costs.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: This invention provides a green building energy-saving roof, including a roof base, a temperature-sensing drive mechanism, an opening and closing ventilation device, and a folding sunshade device. The opening and closing ventilation device is disposed on the roof base, the folding sunshade device is disposed on the roof base, and the folding sunshade device is connected to the opening and closing ventilation device. The temperature-sensing drive mechanism is disposed on the roof base, and the opening and closing ventilation device is connected to the temperature-sensing drive mechanism. The temperature-sensing drive mechanism includes a support fixing plate, a shape memory alloy spring assembly, a heat storage medium cavity, and a drive rack. The support fixing plate is disposed on the roof base, the heat storage medium cavity is disposed on the support fixing plate, the drive rack is engaged and slidably disposed on the support fixing plate, and the shape memory alloy spring assembly is disposed between the heat storage medium cavity and the drive rack.

[0007] Furthermore, the shape memory alloy spring assembly includes a shape memory alloy spring and a telescopic guide rod. One end of the telescopic guide rod is disposed on the outer wall of the heat storage medium cavity, and the other end is disposed on the drive rack. The shape memory alloy spring is sleeved on the telescopic guide rod and is disposed between the heat storage medium cavity and the drive rack. The movable end of the telescopic guide rod is connected to the drive rack. The shape memory alloy spring undergoes expansion and contraction deformation when the ambient temperature changes. The shape memory alloy spring has a first phase transition temperature T1 and a second phase transition temperature T2, where T1 < T2. When the ambient temperature is lower than T1, the shape memory alloy spring is in a contracted state, and when the ambient temperature is higher than T2, the shape memory alloy spring is in an extended state.

[0008] Preferably, the heat storage medium cavity is filled with a phase change heat storage material, which is paraffin wax. The phase change heat storage material can absorb and store solar radiation heat during the day and release heat at night or on cloudy days. On the one hand, it smooths temperature fluctuations, and on the other hand, it provides a more stable temperature environment for the shape memory alloy spring, avoiding frequent movement of the mechanism due to instantaneous temperature fluctuations.

[0009] Furthermore, the opening and closing ventilation device includes a fixed plate, a turntable, a connecting rod assembly, and an opening and closing plate. The roof base is provided with a ventilation opening. The fixed plate is located at the ventilation opening of the roof base. The roof base is arranged in a double-slope configuration. The turntable is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate. The connecting rod assembly is located on the fixed plate. The opening and closing plate is located on the connecting rod assembly.

[0010] The linkage assembly includes a drive rod, a linkage rod, and a follower rod. A drive plate is symmetrically arranged on the circumferential sidewall of the turntable. One end of the drive rod is hinged to the drive plate, and one end of the linkage rod is hinged to the other end of the drive plate. The portion of the linkage rod near its hinge point with the drive plate is rotatably mounted on a fixed plate via a rotating shaft. An opening / closing plate is rotatably mounted on the other end of the linkage rod. One end of the follower rod is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate, and the opening / closing plate is rotatably mounted on the other end of the follower rod. Two sets of linkage assemblies are provided, and the number of opening / closing plates is equal to the number of linkage assemblies.

[0011] Furthermore, a sloping support platform is provided at the opening above the vent, and the side of the opening plate that matches the sloping support platform is set as a sloping surface to facilitate opening and closing.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the turntable is provided with an opening and closing toothed disc, which is meshed with and connected to a drive rack.

[0013] Furthermore, the folding sunshade device includes a fixed base frame, a sunshade panel, a movable panel frame, a connecting plate, and a transmission assembly. The fixed base frame is mounted on the roof base, the movable panel frame is rotatably mounted on the fixed base frame, the sunshade panel is mounted on the fixed base frame and the movable panel frame, the connecting plate is connected to the sunshade panel, and the connecting plate is located between the movable panel frame and the fixed base frame, and between the movable panel frames. The transmission assembly is located on the fixed base frame, the roof base, and the turntable.

[0014] The sunshade component includes a sunshade and a meshing rotating connector. The meshing rotating connector includes an arc-shaped plate and a meshing rotating gear. The sunshade is arranged in a fan shape and is connected to the arc-shaped plate. The meshing rotating gear is rotatably mounted on a fixed base frame, a movable frame, and a connecting plate in sequence. The sunshade component is assembled into a complete circular plate by multiple sunshades and meshing rotating connectors. The meshing rotating gears of two adjacent sunshades are meshed and connected.

[0015] Furthermore, the transmission assembly includes a folding gear plate, a folding rack, a fixing member, a guide wheel, a pull rope, and a take-up roller. The folding gear plate is rotatably mounted on a fixed base plate frame and is connected to a meshing rotating gear plate rotatably mounted on the fixed base plate frame. The folding rack is meshed with the folding gear plate. The fixing member is mounted on the roof base. The folding rack passes through the roof base and is connected to the fixing member. A movable plate is provided at one end of the folding rack near the fixing member. A return spring is provided between the fixing member and the movable plate. The take-up roller passes through the fixing plate and is connected to the turntable. One end of the pull rope is wound around the take-up roller, and the other end of the pull rope passes around the guide wheel and passes through the fixing member and is connected to the movable plate.

[0016] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention using the above structure are as follows: (i) Achieving organic synergy between phase change heat storage and shape memory alloy drive: This invention sets paraffin phase change heat storage material in the heat storage medium cavity. This material can absorb and store solar radiation heat during the day and release heat at night or on cloudy days. This design can smooth the temperature fluctuations of the roof and the interior, reducing the adverse effects of drastic temperature changes on the building envelope and the indoor environment. On the other hand, the paraffin phase change heat storage material provides a more stable temperature environment for the shape memory alloy spring, avoiding frequent action of the shape memory alloy spring due to instantaneous temperature fluctuations, thereby extending the service life of the mechanism and improving the reliability and stability of the system operation. Compared with the existing technology where the shape memory alloy is directly exposed to the ambient temperature and is easily affected by temperature fluctuations, resulting in frequent opening and closing, this invention achieves a more stable and reliable adaptive drive through the "buffering" effect of the paraffin phase change heat storage material. (ii) Achieves adaptive passive drive without external energy: This invention utilizes the characteristic of shape memory alloy springs to deform with temperature changes, directly driving the opening and closing of the vents and the unfolding and retraction of the sunshade. The entire driving process does not require the use of electronic components such as sensors, controllers, and motors, and does not consume any electrical energy. It relies entirely on the collection and release of solar heat to achieve automatic control. Compared with existing intelligent doors and windows or ventilation systems that rely on sensors and electric power, this invention has a simpler and more compact structure, is not affected by power supply interruptions or electronic component failures, has higher system stability and reliability, and is green, environmentally friendly, and has low maintenance costs. (III) Achieved integrated control of ventilation and shading: This invention, through a precise transmission mechanism design, couples the opening and closing of the ventilation vents and the unfolding and retracting of the shading panel into the same drive chain. When the ambient temperature is higher than 30°C, the shape memory alloy spring is heated and extends. Through a series of transmission components such as the telescopic guide rod, drive rack, opening and closing gear plate, and turntable, it simultaneously drives the opening and closing plate to rotate and open the ventilation vents, and unfolds the shading panel for shading, achieving a dual cooling effect of ventilation and heat dissipation and shading and heat insulation. When the ambient temperature is lower than 18°C, the shape memory alloy spring contracts, and each transmission component moves in the opposite direction, simultaneously closing the ventilation vents and retracting the shading panel, achieving a dual heat preservation effect of windproof and heat preservation and solar heating. This linkage design allows the two major functions of ventilation and shading to work together under the same drive source. Compared with the existing technology where the ventilation system and shading system are set up independently, it greatly simplifies the system structure, reduces manufacturing costs, and improves the synergistic efficiency of the two energy-saving methods. (iv) Wide-temperature-range adaptive regulation is achieved, improving the building's energy-saving effect throughout the year: This invention sets two action temperature thresholds of 30℃ and 18℃, enabling the energy-saving roof to automatically switch its working mode under different seasons and climate conditions: at high temperatures, ventilation and shading are automatically activated to reduce solar radiation heat gain and enhance heat dissipation; at low temperatures, ventilation and shading are automatically deactivated to reduce heat loss and make full use of solar heat gain. This adaptive regulation mode allows the building roof to automatically optimize its thermal performance according to different ambient temperatures throughout the year, achieving true passive intelligent energy saving and effectively reducing building air conditioning and heating energy consumption; (V) The transmission mechanism is ingeniously designed and operates smoothly and reliably: This invention ensures the smooth and stable opening and closing of the vent by the meshing transmission between the drive rack and the opening and closing gear plate, the linkage between the turntable and the drive plate, the hinged transmission between the drive rod and the linkage rod, and the smooth opening and closing achieved under the action of the follower rod. At the same time, the sunshade is smoothly unfolded and folded by a series of transmissions on one side, including the winding roller, the pull rope, the movable plate, the return spring, the folding rack rod, the folding gear plate, the meshing rotating gear plate and the arc plate. The entire transmission system is a purely mechanical structure, requiring no lubrication or frequent maintenance. It is reliable in operation and has a long service life, overcoming the problem of poor system stability caused by reliance on electronic components in the prior art. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a green building energy-saving roof proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a left view of a green building energy-saving roof proposed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a front view of a green building energy-saving roof proposed in this invention; Figure 4 This is a top view of a green building energy-saving roof proposed in this invention; Figure 5 This is a bottom view of a green building energy-saving roof proposed in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of a green building energy-saving roof proposed in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature sensing drive mechanism. Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the opening structure of the ventilation device; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the closed structure of the opening and closing ventilation device; Figure 10 This is a partial structural diagram of a folding sunshade device. Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of the roof base.

[0018] The components include: 1. Roof base; 2. Temperature sensing drive mechanism; 3. Opening and closing ventilation device; 4. Folding sunshade device; 5. Support fixing plate; 6. Shape memory alloy spring assembly; 7. Heat storage medium cavity; 8. Drive rack; 9. Shape memory alloy spring; 10. Telescopic guide rod; 11. Fixing plate; 12. Turntable; 13. Linkage assembly; 14. Opening and closing plate; 15. Ventilation opening; 16. Drive rod; 17. Linkage rod; 18. Follower rod; 19. 20. Drive plate, 21. Inclined receiving platform, 22. Opening and closing gear plate, 23. Fixed base plate frame, 24. Sunshade plate component, 25. Movable plate frame, 26. Connecting plate, 27. Transmission assembly, 28. Sunshade plate, 29. Meshing rotating connector, 30. Arc plate, 31. Meshing rotating gear plate, 32. Folding gear plate, 33. Folding rack and pinion, 34. Fixing component, 35. Guide wheel, 36. Pull rope, 37. Take-up roller, 38. Movable plate, 39. Return spring.

[0019] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0022] like Figures 1-11 As shown, the present invention provides a green building energy-saving roof, including a roof base 1, a temperature sensing drive mechanism 2, an opening and closing ventilation device 3, and a folding sunshade device 4. The opening and closing ventilation device 3 is disposed on the roof base 1, the folding sunshade device 4 is disposed on the roof base 1 and connected to the opening and closing ventilation device 3, the temperature sensing drive mechanism 2 is disposed on the roof base 1, and the opening and closing ventilation device 3 is connected to the temperature sensing drive mechanism 2.

[0023] The folding sunshade device 4 includes a fixed base frame 22, a sunshade panel 23, a movable panel frame 24, a connecting plate 25, and a transmission assembly 26. The fixed base frame 22 is mounted on the roof base 1. The movable panel frame 24 is engaged and rotatably mounted on the fixed base frame 22. The sunshade panel 23 is mounted on both the fixed base frame 22 and the movable panel frame 24. The connecting plate 25 is connected to the sunshade panel 23 and is positioned between the movable panel frame 24 and the fixed base frame 22, and between the movable panel frame 24 and the fixed base frame 22. Between them, the transmission assembly 26 is mounted on the fixed base frame 22, the roof base 1, and the turntable 12; the sunshade component 23 includes a sunshade 27 and a meshing rotating connector 28, the meshing rotating connector 28 includes an arc-shaped plate 29 and a meshing rotating gear 30, the sunshade 27 is arranged in a fan shape, the sunshade 27 is connected to the arc-shaped plate 29, and the meshing rotating gear 30 is sequentially rotatably mounted on the fixed base frame 22, the movable plate frame 24, and the connecting plate 25, the sunshade component 23 is connected by multiple sunshades 27 and The meshing rotating connector 28 is assembled into a complete circular plate, and the meshing rotating gears 30 of two adjacent sunshade panels 27 are meshed and connected; the transmission assembly 26 includes a folding gear 31, a folding rack 32, a fixing member 33, a guide wheel 34, a pull rope 35, and a take-up roller 36. The folding gear 31 is rotatably mounted on the fixed base plate frame 22, and the folding gear 31 is connected to the meshing rotating gear 30 rotatably mounted on the fixed base plate frame 22. The folding rack 32 meshes with the folding gear 31. The fastener 33 is mounted on the roof base 1. The folding rack 32 passes through the roof base 1 and is connected to the fastener 33. A movable plate 37 is provided at one end of the folding rack 32 near the fastener 33. A return spring 38 is provided between the fastener 33 and the movable plate 37. The take-up roller 36 passes through the fixed plate 11 and is connected to the turntable 12. One end of the pull rope 35 is wound around the take-up roller 36. The other end of the pull rope 35 passes around the guide wheel 34 and passes through the fastener 33 and is connected to the movable plate 37.

[0024] The opening and closing ventilation device 3 includes a fixed plate 11, a turntable 12, a connecting rod assembly 13, and an opening and closing plate 14. A ventilation opening 15 is provided on the roof base 1. The fixed plate 11 is located at the ventilation opening 15 of the roof base 1. The roof base 1 is double-sloped. The turntable 12 is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate 11. The connecting rod assembly 13 is mounted on the fixed plate 11. The opening and closing plate 14 is mounted on the connecting rod assembly 13. A sloping support platform 20 is provided at the opening above the ventilation opening 15. The side of the opening and closing plate 14 that matches the sloping support platform 20 is sloping. The connecting rod assembly 13 includes a drive rod 16 and a connecting rod 17. The drive rod 17 and follower rod 18 are provided. The drive plate 19 is symmetrically provided on the circumferential side wall of the turntable 12. One end of the drive rod 16 is hinged to the drive plate 19. One end of the linkage rod 17 is hinged to the other end of the drive plate 19. The linkage rod 17 is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate 11 near the hinge point with the drive plate 19. The opening and closing plate 14 is rotatably mounted on the other end of the linkage rod 17. One end of the follower rod 18 is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate 11. The opening and closing plate 14 is rotatably mounted on the other end of the follower rod 18. There are two sets of connecting rod assemblies 13. The number of opening and closing plates 14 is equal to the number of connecting rod assemblies 13.

[0025] The temperature sensing drive mechanism 2 includes a support plate 5, a shape memory alloy spring assembly 6, a heat storage medium cavity 7, and a drive rack 8. The support plate 5 is mounted on the roof base 1, the heat storage medium cavity 7 is mounted on the support plate 5, and the drive rack 8 is engaged and slidably mounted on the support plate 5. A rotating disk 12 is provided with an opening and closing gear 21, which meshes with the drive rack 8. The shape memory alloy spring assembly 6 is located between the heat storage medium cavity 7 and the drive rack 8. Component 6 includes a shape memory alloy spring 9 and a telescopic guide rod 10. One end of the telescopic guide rod 10 is located on the outer wall of the heat storage medium cavity 7, and the other end of the telescopic guide rod 10 is located on the drive rack 8. The shape memory alloy spring 9 is sleeved on the telescopic guide rod 10 and is located between the heat storage medium cavity 7 and the drive rack 8. The movable end of the telescopic guide rod 10 is connected to the drive rack 8. The heat storage medium cavity 7 is filled with a phase change heat storage material, which is paraffin wax.

[0026] In practical use, when the ambient temperature is higher than T2 (30℃), the phase change heat storage material in the heat storage medium cavity transfers heat to the shape memory alloy spring 9 after being heated. The phase change heat storage material can absorb and store solar radiation heat during the day and release heat at night or on cloudy days. On the one hand, it smooths temperature fluctuations, and on the other hand, it provides a more stable temperature environment for the shape memory alloy spring, avoiding frequent movement of the mechanism due to instantaneous temperature fluctuations. The shape memory alloy spring 9 extends when heated, and pushes the drive rack 8 to move along the support fixing plate 5 through the telescopic guide rod 10. The movement of the drive rack 8 drives the opening and closing gear disk 21 to rotate. The rotation of the opening and closing gear disk 21 drives the turntable 12 to rotate. The rotation of the turntable 12 drives the drive plate 19 to rotate. The rotation of the movable plate 19 drives the drive rod 16 to rotate, which in turn drives the linkage rod 17 to rotate. The linkage rod 17 then drives the opening and closing plate 14 to rotate, and under the action of the follower rod 18, it smoothly rotates to the open position, opening the vent 15. Simultaneously, the rotation of the turntable 12 drives the winding roller 36 to rotate, which winds up the pull rope 35, thereby pulling the movable plate 37 downward. At this time, the return spring 38 is compressed, the folding rack rod 32 moves downward, and the downward movement of the folding rack rod 32 drives the folding gear plate 31 to rotate. The rotation of the folding gear plate 31 drives the meshing rotating gear plate 30 to rotate, which in turn drives the arc plate 29 to rotate. The rotation of the arc plate 29 drives the sunshade 27 to rotate, which in turn drives the adjacent... The sunshade panel 23 rotates, causing it to unfold and provide sun shading, achieving a dual cooling effect of ventilation and sun shading. When the ambient temperature is below T1 (18℃), the shape memory alloy spring 9 contracts, pulling the drive rack 8 along the support plate 5 via the telescopic guide rod 10. The movement of the drive rack 8 causes the opening and closing gear plate 21 to rotate in the opposite direction. The rotation of the opening and closing gear plate 21 causes the turntable 12 to rotate, which in turn causes the drive plate 19 to rotate. The rotation of the drive plate 19 causes the drive rod 16 to rotate, which in turn causes the linkage rod 17 to rotate. The rotation of the linkage rod 17 causes the opening and closing plate 14 to rotate, and under the action of the follower rod 18, it smoothly rotates to the closed position, closing the vent 15. Simultaneously... The rotation of turntable 12 drives the winding roller 36 to rotate in the opposite direction, releasing the winding force of the winding roller 36 on the pull rope 35. Under the restoring extension of the return spring 38, the movable plate 37 is pushed upward. The upward movement of the movable plate 37 pushes the folding rack rod 32 upward. The upward movement of the folding rack rod 32 drives the folding gear plate 31 to rotate in the opposite direction. The rotation of the folding gear plate 31 drives the meshing rotating gear plate 30 to rotate. The rotation of the meshing rotating gear plate 30 drives the arc plate 29 to rotate. The rotation of the arc plate 29 drives the sunshade 27 to rotate, which in turn drives the adjacent sunshade plate 23 to rotate, causing the sunshade plate 23 to fold and retract, achieving the technical effect of dual heat preservation of wind and sunlight. The above is the specific working process of this invention. This step can be repeated next time it is used.

[0027] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0028] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the foregoing and its equivalents.

[0029] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A green building energy-saving roof, characterized in that: The device includes a roof base (1), a temperature sensing drive mechanism (2), an opening and closing ventilation device (3), and a folding sunshade device (4). The opening and closing ventilation device (3) is located on the roof base (1), and the folding sunshade device (4) is located on the roof base (1). The folding sunshade device (4) is connected to the opening and closing ventilation device (3). The temperature sensing drive mechanism (2) is located on the roof base (1), and the opening and closing ventilation device (3) is connected to the temperature sensing drive mechanism (2). The temperature sensing drive mechanism (2) includes a support fixing plate (5), a shape memory alloy spring assembly (6), a heat storage medium cavity (7), and a drive rack (8). The support fixing plate (5) is located on the roof base (1), the heat storage medium cavity (7) is located on the support fixing plate (5), the drive rack (8) is engaged and slidably located on the support fixing plate (5), and the shape memory alloy spring assembly (6) is located between the heat storage medium cavity (7) and the drive rack (8).

2. The green building energy-saving roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape memory alloy spring assembly (6) includes a shape memory alloy spring (9) and a telescopic guide rod (10). One end of the telescopic guide rod (10) is located on the outer wall of the heat storage medium cavity (7), and the other end of the telescopic guide rod (10) is located on the drive rack (8). The shape memory alloy spring (9) is sleeved on the telescopic guide rod (10) and is located between the heat storage medium cavity (7) and the drive rack (8).

3. The green building energy-saving roof according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat storage medium cavity (7) is filled with a phase change heat storage material, which is paraffin wax.

4. The green building energy-saving roof according to claim 3, characterized in that: The opening and closing ventilation device (3) includes a fixed plate (11), a turntable (12), a connecting rod assembly (13), and an opening and closing plate (14). The roof base (1) is provided with a ventilation opening (15). The fixed plate (11) is located at the ventilation opening (15) of the roof base (1). The roof base (1) is arranged in a double-slope manner. The turntable (12) is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate (11). The connecting rod assembly (13) is mounted on the fixed plate (11). The opening and closing plate (14) is mounted on the connecting rod assembly (13).

5. A green building energy-saving roof according to claim 4, characterized in that: The linkage assembly (13) includes a drive rod (16), a linkage rod (17), and a follower rod (18). A drive plate (19) is symmetrically arranged on the circumferential side wall of the turntable (12). One end of the drive rod (16) is hinged to the drive plate (19), and one end of the linkage rod (17) is hinged to the other end of the drive plate (19). The linking rod (17) is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate (11) near the hinge point between itself and the drive plate (19) via a rotating shaft. The opening and closing plate (14) is rotatably mounted on the other end of the linkage rod (17). One end of the follower rod (18) is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate (11), and the opening and closing plate (14) is rotatably mounted on the other end of the follower rod (18). The linkage assembly (13) has two sets, and the number of opening and closing plates (14) is equal to the number of linkage assemblies (13).

6. The green building energy-saving roof according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ventilation opening (15) is provided with a ramp support platform (20) at the opening above it, and the side of the opening plate (14) that matches the ramp support platform (20) is set as a ramp surface.

7. A green building energy-saving roof according to claim 6, characterized in that: The turntable (12) is provided with an opening and closing toothed disc (21), which is meshed with the drive rack (8).

8. A green building energy-saving roof according to claim 7, characterized in that: The folding sunshade device (4) includes a fixed base frame (22), a sunshade panel (23), a movable panel frame (24), a connecting plate (25), and a transmission assembly (26). The fixed base frame (22) is mounted on the roof base (1). The movable panel frame (24) is engaged and rotatably mounted on the fixed base frame (22). The sunshade panel (23) is mounted on the fixed base frame (22) and the movable panel frame (24). The connecting plate (25) is connected to the sunshade panel (23). The connecting plate (25) is located between the movable panel frame (24) and the fixed base frame (22) and between the movable panel frame (24). The transmission assembly (26) is mounted on the fixed base frame (22), the roof base (1), and the turntable (12).

9. A green building energy-saving roof according to claim 8, characterized in that: The sunshade component (23) includes a sunshade (27) and a meshing rotating connector (28). The meshing rotating connector (28) includes an arc-shaped plate (29) and a meshing rotating gear (30). The sunshade (27) is arranged in a fan shape and is connected to the arc-shaped plate (29). The meshing rotating gear (30) is rotatably mounted on the fixed base frame (22), the movable plate frame (24), and the connecting plate (25) in sequence. The sunshade component (23) is assembled into a complete circular plate by multiple sunshades (27) and meshing rotating connectors (28). The meshing rotating gears (30) of two adjacent sunshades (27) are meshed and connected.

10. A green building energy-saving roof according to claim 9, characterized in that: The transmission assembly (26) includes a folding gear disc (31), a folding rack (32), a fixing member (33), a guide wheel (34), a pull rope (35), and a take-up roller (36). The folding gear disc (31) is rotatably mounted on a fixed base plate frame (22). The folding gear disc (31) is connected to a meshing rotating gear disc (30) rotatably mounted on the fixed base plate frame (22). The folding rack (32) is meshed with the folding gear disc (31). The fixing member (33) is mounted on the roof base (1). The folding rack (34) is connected to the folding gear disc (31). 32) The folding rack rod (32) passes through the roof base (1) and is connected to the fixing member (33). A movable plate (37) is provided at one end of the folding rack rod (32) near the fixing member (33). A return spring (38) is provided between the fixing member (33) and the movable plate (37). The winding roller (36) passes through the fixing plate (11) and is connected to the turntable (12). One end of the pull rope (35) is wound around the winding roller (36). The other end of the pull rope (35) passes around the guide wheel (34) and passes through the fixing member (33) and is connected to the movable plate (37).

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