Photovoltaic roof snow self-adaptive unloading protection device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic roof technology, specifically to a photovoltaic roof snow adaptive unloading and protection device, comprising a film, a traction component, a drive component, and a guide scraper. The film is installed on the roof and can be rolled up and unrolled. The top of the roof has multiple grooves for installing photovoltaic panels. The traction component includes a pair of chains, a pair of first sprockets, a pair of second sprockets, and a fixing mechanism. The two chains are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the film. The first and second sprockets are rotatably connected to the roof. In order to automatically and effectively remove snow and ice shells and collect them in a directional manner, this invention uses the method of bending and flipping the film to allow the snow to slide off naturally by gravity. At the same time, the brittleness of the ice shell is used to break and fall off on its own during the bending process, thus achieving the snow and ice removal effect. The guide scraper scrapes off the remaining snow and ice shells and then guides them to a centralized stacking area for accumulation, realizing the non-powered directional collection of the cleaning process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic roof technology, specifically to a photovoltaic roof snow-accumulation adaptive unloading protection device. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic carports combine photovoltaic power generation with parking functions and are widely used in industrial parks and residential areas. However, snow accumulation and icing caused by winter snowfall severely affect the power generation efficiency and structural safety of photovoltaic panels. Experiments show that snow and ice mixtures can cause power generation losses of nearly 99%, and frost heave stress can also cause irreversible damage such as microcracks in the solar cells and failure of frame seals. Falling icicles also pose a safety hazard. Therefore, snow removal and protection devices are necessary.

[0003] Existing snow protection devices for photovoltaic roofs mainly include: Mechanical snow removal: using roller brushes or scrapers to reciprocate along the surface of the photovoltaic panels to remove snow. This method is difficult to remove ice layers, and forcibly scraping can easily scratch the glass or cause hidden cracks. Ice and snow in gaps cannot be dealt with, and repeated freeze-thaw cycles of residual ice and snow can chronically damage the components. Roof swinging snow removal: driving the entire roof to swing so that the snow slides off under gravity. This method has limited effectiveness in clearing already frozen snow and is not suitable for carports with fixed photovoltaic panels.

[0004] However, none of the above solutions can remove snow and ice from the gaps between photovoltaic panels. Therefore, a further improvement was made: a film-based snow protection method. Before snowfall, a snow-proof film is unfolded and applied to the surface of the photovoltaic panels to achieve physical isolation. However, existing film-based solutions generally have the following shortcomings: 1. They only focus on unfolding and rewinding the film, lacking a systematic and automated method for cleaning snow from the film surface. 2. Snow removal is limited to simple sweeping mechanisms, resulting in limited effectiveness in removing ice. 3. Snow removal generally lacks a fixed direction, causing snow to simply transfer from the film to the roof or ground, hindering further cleaning. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a photovoltaic roof snow-accumulation adaptive unloading protection device that can automatically and effectively remove snow and ice crusts and collect them in a directional manner.

[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An adaptive snow-relief and protection device for photovoltaic roofs is provided, comprising a film, a traction component, a drive component, and a guide scraper. The film is rollable and unrollable and installed on the roof. The top of the roof has multiple grooves for installing photovoltaic panels. The traction component includes a pair of chains, a pair of first sprockets, a pair of second sprockets, and a fixing mechanism. The two chains are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the film. The first and second sprockets are rotatably connected to the roof. The two ends of the chains are respectively engaged with the first and second sprockets. The fixing mechanism is detachably connected to the chains and is used to fix the free end of the film to the chains. The drive component is used to synchronously drive the film to rotate and the chains to move. The guide scraper is used to directionally scrape away snow and ice on the film.

[0007] Preferably, the present invention further includes a bending roller, which is located at one end of the canopy and is coaxially connected to the second sprocket. The diameter of the bending roller is larger than that of the second sprocket, and the bending roller has a polygonal prism structure.

[0008] Preferably, the present invention further includes a housing and a rotating shaft, the housing being fixedly connected to the other end of the roof, the rotating shaft being rotatably connected to the housing, and the film being wrapped around the periphery of the rotating shaft and fixedly connected thereto.

[0009] Preferably, the guide scraper is located at the bottom of one end of the film and is fixedly connected to the frame. The frame is fixedly connected to the roof. The guide scraper includes a scraping part and a first guiding part. The scraping part is fixedly connected to the first guiding part. The scraping part is attached to the bottom of the film. The scraping part and the first guiding part are both inclined and opposite in direction.

[0010] Preferably, the guide scraper further includes a second guide portion, which is obliquely arranged below the first guide portion and in the same direction as it. The second guide portion is fixedly connected to the frame, and the top of the first guide portion is attached to the bottom of the film.

[0011] Preferably, the fixing mechanism includes a pair of rotating seats and a traction rod. The rotating seats are detachably connected to the chain, and the traction rod is rotatably mounted on the rotating seats. The free end of the diaphragm has a through hole for the traction rod to pass through.

[0012] Preferably, the middle part of the traction rod has a U-shaped structure, and the fixing mechanism also includes a pair of torsion springs, one end of which is fixedly connected to the traction rod, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the rotating seat.

[0013] Preferably, the number of drive components is one pair and they are respectively arranged on both sides of the housing. The drive components include a drive shaft, a pair of first bevel gears, a pair of second bevel gears and a transmission shaft. The drive shaft and the transmission shaft are rotatably connected to the housing. The two ends of the transmission shaft are coaxially connected to one of the first bevel gears and one of the second bevel gears, respectively. The drive shaft is coaxially connected to the other first bevel gear and the first sprocket. The rotating shaft is coaxially connected to the other second bevel gear. The two first bevel gears mesh with each other, and the two second bevel gears mesh with each other.

[0014] Preferably, the present invention further includes a motor, which is fixedly connected to the housing, and the output shaft of the motor is coaxially connected to one of the drive shafts.

[0015] Preferably, the present invention further includes a pair of vibration components, with the two vibration mechanisms respectively arranged on both sides of the bending roller. The vibration components include a ratchet, a striking rod, an electric push rod, and a spring. The ratchet is coaxially connected to the second sprocket, the middle part of the striking rod is rotatably connected to the roof, one end of the striking rod abuts against the teeth of the ratchet, the other end of the striking rod is fixedly connected to one end of the spring, the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the electric push rod, the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the roof, and the teeth on the two ratchets are in opposite directions.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention achieves physical isolation by unfolding a thin film to cover photovoltaic panels before snowfall, thus preventing snow and ice accumulation from damaging the power generation efficiency and structural safety of the photovoltaic panels. After snowfall, the film is rotated 180° around a bending roller, allowing the snow to slide off naturally under gravity. At the same time, the brittleness of the ice shell causes it to break and fall off on its own during the bending process. The ridged protrusions of the bending roller enhance the ice-breaking effect, achieving automatic cleaning without human intervention. The cleaned snow falls to one side of the shed, preventing it from scattering on carports or vehicles, making it easier for subsequent centralized removal.

[0017] 2. This invention uses a guide scraper to scrape away residual snow and ice shells and guide them to a centralized storage area, achieving non-powered directional collection during the cleaning process. At the same time, the vibration component can be started and stopped as needed according to the snow and ice conditions. It assists in breaking the ice shell by knocking and vibrating. When the film moves in different directions, the corresponding vibration component works separately. When vibration is not needed, it can be separated and stopped, achieving energy-saving operation and extending the service life of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 3 .

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 4 .

[0023] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural breakdown diagram of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a breakdown diagram of the chain structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the traction component structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the guide scraper structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the vibration component structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 10 This is an exploded view of the vibration component structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a structural breakdown diagram of the driving component of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the drive component structure of the present invention.

[0031] In the picture: 1. Film; 10. Through hole; 11. Bending roller; 12. Housing; 13. Rotating shaft; 14. Motor; 15. Shelf roof; 150. Groove; 16. Shelf frame; 2. Traction assembly; 20. Chain; 21. First sprocket; 22. Second sprocket; 23. Fixing mechanism; 230. Rotating seat; 231. Traction rod; 232. Torsion spring; 3. Drive assembly; 30. Drive shaft; 31. First bevel gear; 32. Second bevel gear; 33. Transmission shaft; 4. Guide scraper; 40. Scraping part; 41. First guide part; 42. Second guide part; 5. Vibration assembly; 50. Ratchet; 51. Striking rod; 52. Electric push rod; 53. Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual images. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent. To better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0034] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present patent. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" or similar designation indicating a connection between components should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown: An adaptive snow-relief and protection device for photovoltaic roofs includes a film 1, a traction component 2, a drive component 3, and a guide scraper 4. The film 1 is installed on the roof 15, which can be rolled up and unrolled. The top of the roof 15 has multiple grooves 150 for installing photovoltaic panels. The traction component 2 includes a pair of chains 20, a pair of first sprockets 21, a pair of second sprockets 22, and a fixing mechanism 23. The two chains 20 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the film 1. The first sprockets 21 and the second sprockets 22 are rotatably connected to the roof. The two ends of the chains 20 are respectively engaged with the first sprockets 21 and the second sprockets 22. The fixing mechanism 23 is detachably connected to the chains 20 and is used to fix the free end of the film 1 to the chains 20. The drive component 3 is used to synchronously drive the film 1 to rotate and the chains 20 to move. The guide scraper 4 is used to directionally scrape away snow and ice on the film 1.

[0037] Before rain or snow, the drive assembly 3 synchronously drives the sprocket and shaft 13 to rotate in reverse. The shaft 13 releases the film 1 surrounding it, while the sprocket drives the chain 20 to rotate around the roof 15 through meshing transmission. At the same time, the fixing assembly drives the free end of the film 1 to move from one end of the roof 15 to the other, stopping the free end of the film 1 before it touches the bending roller 11. This pulls the film 1 out of the housing 12 and unfolds it to cover the photovoltaic panel, preventing snow from directly covering the photovoltaic panel and facilitating subsequent cleaning. When cleaning the snow and ice on the film 1, the drive assembly 3 is activated again to pull the film 1, causing the free end of the film 1 to rotate 180 degrees along the end of the chain 20 and move in the opposite direction around the bending roller 11. During this process, the snow on top of the film 1 falls off under gravity, and the ice shell breaks and falls off simultaneously during bending, accumulating on the ground at one end of the frame 16 under the scraping and guidance of the guide scraper 4. This not only achieves comprehensive protection for photovoltaic panels and automatic snow and ice removal, but also enables targeted collection of the cleared snow, significantly improving the cleaning effect. The structure is simple and energy-saving.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown: The present invention also includes a bending roller 11, which is located at one end of the ceiling. The bending roller 11 is coaxially connected to the second sprocket 22. The diameter of the bending roller 11 is larger than that of the second sprocket 22. The bending roller 11 has a polygonal prism structure.

[0039] During the flipping process of film 1, its free end passes around and adheres to bending roller 11, with bending roller 11 acting as a guide. Furthermore, due to the multiple prismatic protrusions on the periphery of bending roller 11, film 1 forms sharp angles in certain areas, further breaking up the ice shell and improving the automatic cleaning effect.

[0040] like Figure 5 As shown: The present invention also includes a housing 12 and a rotating shaft 13. The housing 12 is fixedly connected to the other end of the ceiling, the rotating shaft 13 is rotatably connected to the housing 12, and the film 1 is wrapped around the periphery of the rotating shaft 13 and fixedly connected to it.

[0041] When the film 1 is in the wound state, most of it is located inside the housing 12 to prevent it from being exposed to sunlight and shortening its service life. One end of the housing 12 has a slot for the film 1 to pass through, allowing it to move freely. The rotating shaft 13 supports the film 1 and connects it to the drive assembly 3, enabling a linkage effect through the drive assembly 3 to simultaneously wind and unwind the film 1 and slide its free end. This ensures that the tension of the film 1 is always maintained within a certain range, allowing it to completely cover the groove 150 while ensuring stable folding.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown: The guide scraper 4 is located at the bottom of one end of the film 1 and is fixedly connected to the frame 16. The frame 16 is fixedly connected to the roof 15. The guide scraper 4 includes a scraping part 40 and a first guide part 41. The scraping part 40 is fixedly connected to the first guide part 41. The scraping part 40 is attached to the bottom of the film 1. The scraping part 40 and the first guide part 41 are both arranged at an angle and in opposite directions.

[0043] The guide scraper 4 also includes a second guide section 42, which is inclinedly arranged below the first guide section 41 and in the same direction. The second guide section 42 is fixedly connected to the frame 16, and the top of the first guide section 41 is attached to the bottom of the film 1.

[0044] When the film 1 bends below the roof 15 and continues to move, the free end of the film 1 first contacts the scraping part 40. Through the movement of the film 1 itself, the remaining snow and ice crust are further scraped off and fall to the first guide part 41, which then guides the snow to the collective storage area. When the film 1 moves back to its original position, the top of the first guide part 41 scrapes off the snow as it moves, and the scraped snow is guided to the collective storage area through the second guide part 42. This further improves the automatic cleaning effect and achieves fixed-point collection, facilitating subsequent cleaning and transfer, without requiring additional power for scraping.

[0045] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown: The fixing mechanism 23 includes a pair of rotating seats 230 and a traction rod 231. The rotating seats 230 are detachably connected to the chain 20. The traction rod 231 is rotatably mounted on the rotating seats 230. The free end of the diaphragm 1 has a through hole 10 for the traction rod 231 to pass through.

[0046] The middle part of the traction rod 231 has a U-shaped structure. The fixing mechanism 23 also includes a pair of torsion springs 232. One end of the torsion spring 232 is fixedly connected to the traction rod 231, and the other end of the torsion spring 232 is fixedly connected to the rotating seat 230.

[0047] By bolting through the chain link shaft of chain 20 and the rotating seat 230 and then threadedly connecting to the nut, the rotating seat 230 can be fixed to the chain 20 and move with it. This allows the two chains 20 to rotate synchronously, and the rotating seat 230 drives the traction rod 231 to slide, thus pulling the free end of the film 1 along the chain 20 for unfolding or winding. When the free end of the film 1 moves to contact the bending roller 11 and the guide scraper 4, the edges of these components coincide with the rotation path of the chain 20, causing the traction rod 231 to be compressed and rotate between the two rotating seats 230. This causes the torsion spring 232 to be twisted, ensuring that the free end of the film 1 can pass around the edges of the bending roller 11 and the guide scraper 4 and adhere to them, avoiding obstruction of movement.

[0048] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown: The number of drive components 3 is one pair and they are respectively arranged on both sides of the housing 12. The drive components 3 include a drive shaft 30, a pair of first bevel gears 31, a pair of second bevel gears 32 and a transmission shaft 33. The drive shaft 30 and the transmission shaft 33 are rotatably connected to the housing 12. The two ends of the transmission shaft 33 are coaxially connected to one of the first bevel gears 31 and one of the second bevel gears 32, respectively. The drive shaft 30 is coaxially connected to the other first bevel gear 31 and the first sprocket 21. The rotating shaft 13 is coaxially connected to the other second bevel gear 32. The two first bevel gears 31 mesh with each other and the two second bevel gears 32 mesh with each other.

[0049] The invention also includes a motor 14, which is fixedly connected to the housing 12, and the output shaft of the motor 14 is coaxially connected to one of the drive shafts 30.

[0050] When motor 14 is powered on, its output shaft drives drive shaft 30 to rotate, which in turn drives one of the first sprockets 21 to rotate. Simultaneously, through the meshing of the first bevel gear 31 and the second bevel gear 32, drive drive shaft 33 and rotating shaft 13 to rotate simultaneously. Rotating shaft 13 then drives the drive assembly 3 on the other side to rotate, and the rotation direction of rotating shaft 13 is opposite to that of drive shaft 30. This not only synchronously drives the two chains 20 to move, but also simultaneously drives rotating shaft 13 to rotate for winding and unwinding. Furthermore, the fact that the rotation direction of rotating shaft 13 is opposite to that of the sprockets ensures that the movement direction of the free end of film 1 is compatible with the winding and unwinding.

[0051] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown: The invention also includes a pair of vibration components 5, with the two vibration mechanisms respectively arranged on both sides of the bending roller 11. The vibration component 5 includes a ratchet 50, a striking rod 51, an electric push rod 52, and a spring 53. The ratchet 50 is coaxially connected to the second sprocket 22. The middle part of the striking rod 51 is rotatably connected to the canopy 15. One end of the striking rod 51 abuts against the teeth of the ratchet 50. The other end of the striking rod 51 is fixedly connected to one end of the spring 53. The other end of the spring 53 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the electric push rod 52. The electric push rod 52 is fixedly connected to the canopy 15. The teeth on the two ratchet 50 are in opposite directions.

[0052] When the electric push rod 52 is energized, its telescopic end compresses the spring 53. The spring 53's rebound force pushes the striking rod 51 to rotate, causing one end to engage with the ratchet 50. As the membrane 1 bends, the ratchet 50 rotates with the second sprocket 22. Its outer teeth push the striking rod 51 to rotate and further compress the spring 53. When the teeth separate from the striking rod 51, the spring 53 instantly rebounds, causing the striking rod 51 to rotate back to its original position, thus striking the ratchet 50 and generating vibration. The vibration is transmitted to the membrane 1 through the bending roller 11, further improving the snow removal and ice shell breaking effect. When the telescopic end of the electric push rod 52 moves in the opposite direction, the spring 53 is relaxed. At this time, the striking rod 51 rotates until it separates from the ratchet 50, allowing the ratchet 50 to rotate freely without vibration. This allows for selection of whether to use vibration for snow removal based on the snow accumulation, extending the device's service life. Furthermore, the teeth of the two ratchet wheels 50 are in opposite directions. When the diaphragm 1 moves in different directions, it causes the two vibration components 5 to work respectively, which can not only cover the entire cleaning process, but also prevent the ratchet wheels 50 from rotating and locking up.

[0053] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic roof snow-accumulation adaptive unloading protection device is initially rolled up within the housing 12, with only the free end extending and connected to the fixing component on the chain 20. When snowfall is imminent, the drive component 3 synchronously drives the sprocket and the rotating shaft 13 to rotate in opposite directions. The rotating shaft 13 unrolls the film 1, and the sprocket, through the chain 20, drives the fixing component to pull the free end of the film 1 along the roof 15 from one end to the other, so that the film 1 is fully unfolded and covers the photovoltaic panel, achieving physical isolation to prevent snow from directly contacting the photovoltaic panel. During post-snow cleanup, the drive assembly 3 continues to drive the chain 20 to move, causing the free end of the film 1 to rotate 180° around the bending roller 11 located at the end of the scaffold 16 and move in the opposite direction below the scaffold 16. At this time, the snow on the top of the film 1 falls off by itself under the action of gravity, and the ice shell covering the surface of the film 1 breaks and falls off synchronously during the bending process due to the lack of deformation ability. The prismatic protrusions on the periphery of the bending roller 11 cause the film 1 to form sharp angle bends in some areas to enhance the ice shell breaking effect. The remaining snow and ice shell that have not yet fallen off continue to move with the film 1 to the guide scraper 4, where they are further scraped off by the first scraping part 40 and guided by the inclined first guide part 41 to accumulate on the ground at one end of the scaffold 16.

[0054] For severe icing conditions, the vibration assembly 5 can be activated. The electric push rod 52 pushes the striking rod 51 to engage with the ratchet 50. As the ratchet 50 rotates with the sprocket, it sequentially pushes the striking rod 51 and compresses the spring 53. The spring 53 rebounds instantly, causing the striking rod 51 to strike the ratchet 50 and generate vibration. This vibration is transmitted to the film 1 through the bending roller 11 to assist in breaking the ice shell. The teeth of the two ratchets 50 are in opposite directions, so that the corresponding vibration assembly 5 works when the film 1 moves in different directions. When vibration is not needed, the electric push rod 52 moves in the opposite direction to separate the striking rod 51 from the ratchet 50. After cleaning, the drive assembly 3 reverses, and the chain 20 moves in the opposite direction to drive the free end of the film 1 back along the original path. The rotating shaft 13 rotates synchronously to rewind the film 1 back into the housing 12. During the resetting process of the film 1, the second guide part 42 of the guide scraper 4 further scrapes the surface of the film 1 and guides the scraped snow to the centralized storage area.

[0055] Throughout the process, the fixing component is fixed to the chain 20 via the rotating seat 230. The traction rod 231 drives the free end of the film 1 to move. When the traction rod 231 moves to the bending roller 11 and the guide scraper 4, it is squeezed and rotates between the two rotating seats 230, twisting the torsion spring 232. This allows the free end of the film 1 to smoothly pass over the edge without obstruction. The drive component 3 drives the drive sprocket to rotate via the motor 14, and simultaneously drives the rotating shaft 13 to rotate via bevel gear meshing. This achieves synchronous movement of the two chains 20 and synchronous unwinding and winding of the rotating shaft 13, with opposite rotation directions to maintain constant tension of the film 1. This solution achieves the beneficial effects of comprehensive protection of photovoltaic panels, automatic and efficient cleaning and directional collection of snow and ice shells, and vibration-assisted on-demand start-stop.

[0056] It should be stated that the above-described specific embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, equivalent substitutions, and variations can be made to the present invention. However, such variations, as long as they do not depart from the spirit of the present invention, should be within the scope of protection of the present invention. Furthermore, some terminology used in this specification and claims is not limiting, but merely for the purpose of clearly describing the positional relationships and functions of the components.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic roof snow accumulation adaptive unloading protection device, characterized in that, The assembly includes a thin film (1), a traction component (2), a drive component (3), and a guide scraper (4). The thin film (1) is installed on a canopy roof (15) that can be rolled up and unrolled. The canopy roof (15) has multiple grooves (150) for installing photovoltaic panels on its top. The traction component (2) includes a pair of chains (20), a pair of first sprockets (21), a pair of second sprockets (22), and a fixing mechanism (23). The two chains (20) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the thin film (1). The first sprockets (21) are... 1) Both the first and second sprockets (22) are rotatably connected to the roof. The two ends of the chain (20) are respectively engaged with the first sprocket (21) and the second sprocket (22). The fixing mechanism (23) is detachably connected to the chain (20). The fixing mechanism (23) is used to fix the free end of the film (1) to the chain (20). The driving component (3) is used to synchronously drive the film (1) to rotate and the chain (20) to move. The guide scraper (4) is used to directionally scrape away the snow and ice shell on the film (1).

2. The photovoltaic roof snow accumulation adaptive unloading protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a bending roller (11), which is located at one end of the ceiling. The bending roller (11) is coaxially connected to the second sprocket (22). The diameter of the bending roller (11) is larger than that of the second sprocket (22). The bending roller (11) has a polygonal prism structure.

3. The photovoltaic roof snow-accumulation adaptive unloading protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a housing (12) and a rotating shaft (13), the housing (12) being fixedly connected to the other end of the roof, the rotating shaft (13) being rotatably connected to the housing (12), and the film (1) being wrapped around the outside of the rotating shaft (13) and fixedly connected to it.

4. The photovoltaic roof snow accumulation adaptive unloading protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide scraper (4) is located at the bottom of one end of the film (1) and is fixedly connected to the frame (16). The frame (16) is fixedly connected to the roof (15). The guide scraper (4) includes a scraping part (40) and a first guide part (41). The scraping part (40) is fixedly connected to the first guide part (41). The scraping part (40) is attached to the bottom of the film (1). The scraping part (40) and the first guide part (41) are both arranged at an angle and in opposite directions.

5. A photovoltaic roof snow-accumulation adaptive unloading protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The guide scraper (4) also includes a second guide part (42), which is inclinedly arranged below the first guide part (41) and in the same direction. The second guide part (42) is fixedly connected to the frame (16), and the top of the first guide part (41) is attached to the bottom of the film (1).

6. The photovoltaic roof snow accumulation adaptive unloading protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing mechanism (23) includes a pair of rotating seats (230) and a traction rod (231). The rotating seats (230) are detachably connected to the chain (20). The traction rod (231) is rotatably mounted on the rotating seats (230). The free end of the membrane (1) is provided with a through hole (10) for the traction rod (231) to pass through.

7. A photovoltaic roof snow-accumulation adaptive unloading protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The middle part of the traction rod (231) has a U-shaped structure. The fixing mechanism (23) also includes a pair of torsion springs (232). One end of the torsion spring (232) is fixedly connected to the traction rod (231), and the other end of the torsion spring (232) is fixedly connected to the rotating seat (230).

8. A photovoltaic roof snow-accumulation adaptive unloading protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The number of drive components (3) is one pair and they are respectively arranged on both sides of the housing (12). The drive components (3) include a drive shaft (30), a pair of first bevel gears (31), a pair of second bevel gears (32) and a transmission shaft (33). The drive shaft (30) and the transmission shaft (33) are rotatably connected to the housing (12). The two ends of the transmission shaft (33) are coaxially connected to one of the first bevel gears (31) and one of the second bevel gears (32) respectively. The drive shaft (30) is coaxially connected to the other first bevel gear (31) and the first sprocket (21). The rotating shaft (13) is coaxially connected to the other second bevel gear (32). The two first bevel gears (31) mesh with each other, and the two second bevel gears (32) mesh with each other.

9. A photovoltaic roof snow-accumulation adaptive unloading protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a motor (14), which is fixedly connected to the housing (12), and the output shaft of the motor (14) is coaxially connected to one of the drive shafts (30).

10. A photovoltaic roof snow-accumulation adaptive unloading protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a pair of vibration components (5), the two vibration mechanisms are respectively arranged on both sides of the bending roller (11). The vibration component (5) includes a ratchet (50), a striking rod (51), an electric push rod (52) and a spring (53). The ratchet (50) is coaxially connected to the second sprocket (22). The middle part of the striking rod (51) is rotatably connected to the roof (15). One end of the striking rod (51) abuts against the teeth of the ratchet (50). The other end of the striking rod (51) is fixedly connected to one end of the spring (53). The other end of the spring (53) is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the electric push rod (52). The electric push rod (52) is fixedly connected to the roof (15). The teeth on the two ratchet (50) are in opposite directions.

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