Method for centering wellhead in controlled vertical installation state of K-shaped derrick in horizontal installation state of oil drilling rig

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for aligning the center of the wellhead in the vertical assembly phase of a K-type derrick in its horizontal mounting state. When the K-type derrick is in its low horizontal mounting state, component installation and dimensional control are based on a geological sample. The method controls the deviation of the left and right sides of the derrick section from the corresponding geological sample during assembly, as well as the isosceles trapezoidal shape of the current cross-section. Combined with process control measures, this achieves the alignment requirement of the upper and lower wellhead centers when the derrick is in its vertical assembly phase. This invention achieves the alignment requirement of the upper and lower wellhead centers during vertical assembly by performing low horizontal mounting during derrick manufacturing, ensuring the verticality accuracy of two vertical geological samples, the coaxiality and height accuracy of the two positioning support shaft holes, and controlling the degree and direction of deviation of the differences between the left and right sections of the derrick. This method not only ensures the requirements of the derrick's vertical assembly phase but also reduces processing difficulty and safety risks. The method of this invention is characterized by convenient operation, simple tools, safety and reliability, and the ability to meet product quality requirements without relying on special equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of oil drilling equipment technology, specifically relating to a method for controlling the wellhead center in the horizontal state of a horizontally mounted K-shaped derrick of an oil drilling rig. Background Technology

[0002] The derrick is a key component of oil drilling rigs, serving as the primary load-bearing structure during operation and playing a crucial role. A K-type derrick typically consists of an A-frame assembly, 5-6 sections on each side, connecting frames, tie rods, a back crossbeam, and struts. Each section is connected by pins to form a single-piece group. The left and right single-piece groups are connected by connecting frames, tie rods, back crossbeams, and struts to form a U-shape with a front opening. The A-frame assembly provides support during and after the derrick's lifting process. The left single-piece group generally consists of 5-6 sections of varying frame types: lower left, left transition section, lower left middle section, left middle section, upper left middle section, and upper left section, connected by pins. The right single-piece group is the symmetrical component of the left single-piece group. The number of sections can be increased or decreased as needed based on the overall height of the derrick. The six-section structure of a K-type derrick is as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 When the derrick is in the upright working position, Figure 2 When the left, right, and lower section support holes are at the same height, the projection point of the center A1 of the upper wellhead on the horizontal plane should theoretically coincide with the center A1' of the lower wellhead; at the connection between the A-frame assembly and the derrick, the projection point of the center A2 of the upper wellhead side should coincide with the center A2' of the lower wellhead. However, in practice, a certain degree of overlap deviation can still meet the usage requirements. Figure 1 , Figure 3 Furthermore, the derrick is composed of multiple components, each with manufacturing tolerances, and the pin connections between components have degrees of freedom in specific directions. Therefore, when the derrick is assembled and erected, there is often a significant deviation between the centers of the upper and lower wellheads. This invention focuses on controlling the overlap between A1 and A1', without considering the overlap between the side centers A2 and A2'. Further increasing the machining accuracy of the components would significantly increase manufacturing costs and time; adjusting or assembling the derrick while it is erected would pose a significant safety risk for high-altitude operations. High manufacturing difficulty, high production costs, and high safety risks are the manufacturing challenges faced by this type of product. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for controlling the wellhead center in the horizontal state of a K-type derrick in the vertical state of an oil drilling rig, which solves the problems in the prior art where there is often a large deviation between the upper and lower wellhead centers when the K-type derrick is assembled and erected, and the manufacturing difficulty is high.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a method for aligning the center of the wellhead in the horizontal state of a K-type derrick in an oil drilling rig with the center of the wellhead in the vertical state. When the K-type derrick is in a low horizontal state, the installation and dimensional control of the components are based on high-precision ground sample markings. The deviation of the left and right sides of the derrick from the corresponding ground sample markings and the isosceles trapezoidal shape of the current cross section are controlled respectively during the assembly of each section. Combined with process control measures, the alignment requirements of the upper and lower wellhead centers are achieved when the derrick is in the vertical state.

[0005] The invention is further characterized in that, The method for controlling the wellhead center in the vertical configuration of a horizontally mounted K-type derrick of an oil drilling rig according to the present invention comprises the following specific operating steps: Step 1: Using the horizontal plane of the assembly platform as a reference, draw two perpendicular lines D0D0' and A0A0' on the assembly platform as land sample markers; Step 2: Fix two positioning supports on the assembly platform. There is a gap between the positioning supports. The centers of the shaft holes of the two positioning supports are coaxial and at the same height. The projection line of the line connecting the centers of their shaft holes on the assembly platform coincides with the ground pattern mark D0D0'. Step 3: Install the lower left and lower right sections of the derrick into the positioning supports respectively, adjust the gap L0 between the left and right lower sections to meet the design requirements, measure the distances L1 and L1' from the lower left and lower right sections to the ground sample A0A0' respectively, calculate the difference between L1 and L1' and the direction of deviation from the ground sample A0A0' line, and use this difference and deviation direction as the control requirements for subsequent assembly of each section; use support blocks to shim the front ends of the lower left and lower right sections to the same height as the positioning supports; Step 4: Adjust the frame surfaces H1H1' and H2H2' of the lower left and lower right sections to be perpendicular to the upper surface of the assembly platform. The cross-section formed by the lower left and lower right sections is an isosceles trapezoid. The shape of the isosceles trapezoid determined at this time will serve as the control element for the subsequent assembly of each section. Step 5: Using the lower left and lower right sections that have been adjusted to meet the requirements in Step 4 as a benchmark, assemble the left transition section and the right transition section. After adjusting them to meet the requirements in Steps 3 and 4, install the connecting frame and fix the structure. Step 6: Following the assembly sequence from bottom to top, for each subsequent assembly, use the top of the assembly section completed in the previous step as a reference. Install the sections on both sides according to the difference and deviation direction determined in Step 3 and shim them to the same height. Adjust the verticality of the frame surfaces on both sides according to Step 4 and keep the shape of the isosceles trapezoidal cross section consistent with the previous section. Fix the qualified assembly structure with the relevant parts until the assembly of all sections is completed.

[0006] Furthermore, the relevant components include tie rods, back crossbeams, and struts.

[0007] Furthermore, the working plane of the assembly platform is based on the horizontal ground level, and the ground sample is marked by two highly precise vertical lines.

[0008] Furthermore, the positioning support holes used to fix the lower left and lower right support legs are coaxial and at the same height, and the projection line of the line connecting the center lines of the positioning support shaft holes on the assembly platform coincides with the corresponding ground pattern mark.

[0009] Furthermore, the dimensional differences between the lower left and lower right sections and the corresponding ground sample markers on both sides, as well as the direction of deviation from the ground sample markers, determined after the lower left and lower right sections are fixed to the positioning supports, and the isosceles trapezoidal shape determined by this cross section are factors that need to be controlled during the subsequent assembly of each section.

[0010] Furthermore, the assembly is carried out in the order from bottom to top, with the assembly of subsequent segments based on the top end of the previously assembled segment.

[0011] Furthermore, the wellhead alignment accuracy in the vertical installation state is jointly determined by the control accuracy of the following steps: the verticality accuracy of the ground sample, the coaxiality and height accuracy of the positioning support hole, and the degree and direction of deviation between the difference between the dimensions of the left and right sides of the last section and the corresponding ground sample mark and the difference determined in the first section.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are: The present invention relates to a method for aligning the wellhead center in the horizontal configuration of a K-type derrick in an oil drilling rig with the wellhead center in the vertical configuration. This method primarily utilizes specific technological measures to control the wellhead center during the low-position horizontal configuration. Based on the product's structural characteristics, the method achieves the required alignment of the upper and lower wellhead centers during vertical assembly by employing low-position horizontal assembly during derrick manufacturing, combined with specific technological control measures. This method ensures the requirements of the vertical derrick configuration while reducing processing difficulty and safety risks. The method of this invention is characterized by its ease of operation, simple tools, safety and reliability, and the ability to meet product quality requirements without relying on special equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a right view and a side view of the upper and lower wellheads of the K-shaped derrick of the oil drilling rig of the present invention in the vertical installation state; Figure 2 This is a front view of the K-shaped derrick of the oil drilling rig in its vertical installation state and a front view of the center of the upper and lower wellheads. Figure 3 This is a left view and a side view of the upper and lower wellheads of the K-shaped derrick of the oil drilling rig of the present invention in the vertical installation state; Figure 4 This is a top view of the horizontally mounted K-shaped derrick of the oil drilling rig of the present invention and a schematic diagram of the ground baseline; Figure 5 This is a front view of the horizontally mounted K-shaped derrick of the oil drilling rig of the present invention and a schematic diagram of the assembly platform.

[0014] Figure 6 This is a side view of the main view of the horizontally mounted K-shaped derrick of the oil drilling rig of the present invention.

[0015] In the diagram, 1. A-frame assembly, 2. Lower right section, 2'. Lower left section, 3. Right transition section, 3'. Left transition section, 4. Lower right middle section, 4'. Lower left middle section, 5. Middle right section, 5'. Middle left section, 6. Upper right middle section, 6'. Upper left middle section, 7. Upper right section, 7'. Upper left section, 8. Connecting frame, 9. Tie rod, 10. Back crossbeam, 11. Support rod, 12. Positioning support, 13. Assembly platform, 14. Support block. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Example 1 The oil drilling rig K-shaped derrick structure of the present invention, and the upper and lower wellhead centers as shown in the figure Figures 1-3 As shown; the site sample markers, assembly platform, positioning supports, support blocks, etc., are indicated, such as... Figures 4-6 As shown. According to this method, each section of the derrick, connecting beams, back crossbeams, diagonal braces and other components are manufactured. The ear plates connecting the components are left. After the control dimensions are adjusted to meet the requirements during horizontal assembly, they are welded together. The assembly platform is the reference platform for the horizontal assembly of each component of the derrick.

[0017] The present invention relates to a method for aligning the center of the wellhead in the horizontal state of a K-type derrick in an oil drilling rig with the center of the wellhead in the vertical state. When the K-type derrick is in a low horizontal state, the installation and dimensional control of the components are based on high-precision ground sampling marks. The method controls the deviation of the left and right sides of the derrick from the corresponding ground sampling marks and the isosceles trapezoidal shape of the current cross-section during the assembly of each section. Combined with process control measures, the method achieves the alignment requirement of the upper and lower wellhead centers when the derrick is in the vertical state.

[0018] Example 2 The present invention relates to a method for controlling the wellhead center in the horizontal configuration of a horizontally mounted K-type derrick of an oil drilling rig, wherein the specific operation steps are as follows: Step 1: Using the horizontal plane of the ground as a reference, draw two perpendicular lines D0D0' and A0A0' on the assembly platform 13 as land sample markers. Step 2: Fix two positioning supports 12 on the assembly platform 13. There is a gap between the positioning supports 12. The centers of the shaft holes of the two positioning supports 13 are coaxial and at the same height. The projection line of the line connecting the centers of their shaft holes on the assembly platform coincides with the ground pattern mark D0D0'. Step 3: Install the lower left section 2' and lower right section 2 of the derrick into the positioning support 12 respectively. Adjust the gap size L0 between the lower left section 2' and lower right section 2 to meet the design requirements. Measure the distances L1 and L1' from the lower left section and lower right section to the ground sample A0A0' respectively. Calculate the difference between L1 and L1' and the direction of deviation from the ground sample A0A0' line. Use this difference and deviation direction as the control requirements for subsequent assembly of each section. Use the support block 14 to shim the front ends of the lower left section 2' and lower right section 2 to the same height as the positioning support. Step 4: Adjust the frame surfaces H1H1' and H2H2' of the lower left section 2' and the lower right section 2 to be perpendicular to the upper surface of the assembly platform. The cross section formed by the lower left section 2' and the lower right section 2 is an isosceles trapezoid. The shape of the isosceles trapezoid determined at this time will serve as the control element for the subsequent assembly of each section. Step 5: Using the lower left section 2' and lower right section 2, which have been adjusted and qualified in Step 4, as a reference, assemble the left transition section 3' and right transition section 3. After adjusting and meeting the requirements of Step 3 and Step 4, install the connecting frame 8 and fix the structure. Step 6: Following the assembly sequence from bottom to top, for each subsequent assembly, use the top of the assembly section completed in the previous step as a reference. Install the sections on both sides according to the difference and deviation direction determined in Step 3 and shim them to the same height. Adjust the verticality of the frame surfaces on both sides according to Step 4 and keep the shape of the isosceles trapezoidal cross section consistent with the previous section. Fix the qualified assembly structure with the relevant parts until the assembly of all sections is completed.

[0019] Example 3 Based on Example 2, The related components described in this invention include an assembly tie rod 9, a back crossbeam 10, and a support rod 11.

[0020] The working plane of the assembly platform 13 is based on the horizontal ground level, and the ground sample is marked by two high-precision vertical lines.

[0021] The positioning support shaft holes used to fix the lower left section 2' and the lower right section 2 are coaxial and at the same height, and the projection line of the line connecting the center lines of the positioning support shaft holes on the assembly platform coincides with the corresponding ground pattern mark.

[0022] The difference in dimensions between the lower left section 2' and the lower right section 2 after they are fixed to the positioning support and the corresponding ground sample markers, as well as the direction of deviation from the ground sample markers, and the isosceles trapezoidal shape determined by this cross section are factors that need to be controlled during the subsequent assembly of each section.

[0023] Example 4 Based on Example 3, During assembly, the segments are assembled from bottom to top, with the top of the previously assembled segment serving as the reference point for subsequent segments.

[0024] The alignment accuracy of the wellhead in the vertical installation state is determined by the control accuracy of the following steps: the verticality accuracy of the ground sample, the coaxiality and height accuracy of the positioning support hole, and the degree and direction of deviation between the difference between the left and right sides of the last section and the corresponding ground sample mark and the difference determined in the first section.

[0025] Example 5 Step 1: The assembly method of this invention involves creating two highly precise, mutually perpendicular lines on the assembly platform 13, which is based on the horizontal ground level, as permanent ground samples. Figure 4 ; Step 2: Install the two positioning supports 12 on the assembly platform 13, adjust the two positioning supports to maintain a certain distance, the centers of the shaft holes of the two positioning supports are coaxial and at the same height, and the projection line of the line connecting the centers of their shaft holes on the platform coincides with the ground sample D0D0', and fix the positioning supports. Step 3: Install the lower sections of the derrick into the positioning supports, adjust the gap L0 between the left and right lower sections to meet the design requirements, and measure the distances L1 and L1' from the left and right lower sections to the ground sample marker A0A0', respectively. Calculate the difference and the direction of deviation from A0A0'. Use these differences and deviations as control requirements for subsequent assembly of each section; use support blocks to level the front ends of the left and right lower sections with the positioning supports (e.g., ...). Figure 5 ); Step 4: Adjust the lower left and lower right frame surfaces H1H1' and H2H2' to be perpendicular to the upper surface of the assembly platform within a certain tolerance (tolerance no greater than 5mm). Within this cross-section, the perpendicularity of H1H1' and H2H2' can form a regular octagon or an inverted octagon, i.e., an isosceles trapezoid. The isosceles trapezoidal structure determined at this point must remain consistent during the subsequent assembly of each section. Figure 6 ; Step 5: Using the adjusted lower left and lower right front ends as a reference, assemble the left transition section 3' and right transition section 3 in sequence (and calculate the distances L2 and L2' from the left and right transition sections to the ground sample marker A0A0'). After adjusting to meet the previously determined requirements such as the difference in distance between the left and right sides and the ground sample, the direction of deviation, the verticality of the frame surface, and the isosceles trapezoidal shape of the cross section, install the connecting frame 8 to fix the structure. In this way, following the assembly sequence from the lower section to the upper section, and using the upper end of the previously assembled section as the assembly reference, complete the assembly of all sections, thus assembling the A-frame assembly 1.

[0026] The alignment requirements of the upper and lower wellhead centers can be achieved by the above specific process measures when the derrick is in the vertical installation state. The alignment accuracy of the wellhead is determined by the control accuracy of the following steps. The specific process measures include: Step 1: Determine the verticality accuracy of the ground sample markers D0D0' and A0A0'; Step 2: Determine the coaxiality and height accuracy of the positioning support holes; After the assembly is completed, determine the degree and direction of the deviation between the L3 and L3' difference from the ground sample marker A0A0' and the L1 and L1' difference, and ensure that the distance difference and the degree of deviation are within the allowable tolerance range.

[0027] Example 6 The present invention relates to a method for controlling the wellhead center in the horizontal configuration of a horizontally mounted K-type derrick of an oil drilling rig, wherein the specific operation steps are as follows: Step 1: Using the horizontal plane of the ground as a reference, draw two perpendicular lines D0D0' and A0A0' on the assembly platform 13 as land sample markers. Step 2: Fix two positioning supports 12 on the assembly platform 13. There is a gap between the positioning supports 12. The centers of the shaft holes of the two positioning supports 13 are coaxial and at the same height. The projection line of the line connecting the centers of their shaft holes on the assembly platform coincides with the ground pattern mark D0D0'. Step 3: Install the lower left section 2' and lower right section 2 of the derrick into the positioning support 12 respectively. Adjust the gap size L0 between the lower left section 2' and lower right section 2 to meet the design requirements. Measure the distances L1 and L1' from the lower left section and lower right section to the ground sample A0A0' respectively. Calculate the difference between L1 and L1' and the direction of deviation from the ground sample A0A0' line. Use this difference and deviation direction as the control requirements for subsequent assembly of each section. Use the support block 14 to shim the front ends of the lower left section 2' and lower right section 2 to the same height as the positioning support. Step 4: Adjust the frame surfaces H1H1' and H2H2' of the lower left section 2' and the lower right section 2 to be perpendicular to the upper surface of the assembly platform. The cross section formed by the lower left section 2' and the lower right section 2 is an isosceles trapezoid. The shape of the isosceles trapezoid determined at this time will serve as the control element for the subsequent assembly of each section. Step 5: Using the lower left section 2' and lower right section 2, which have been adjusted and qualified in Step 4, as a reference, assemble the left transition section 3' and right transition section 3. After adjusting and meeting the requirements of Step 3 and Step 4, install the connecting frame 8 and fix the structure. Step 6: Following the assembly sequence from bottom to top, for each subsequent assembly, use the top of the assembly section completed in the previous step as a reference. Install the sections on both sides according to the difference and deviation direction determined in Step 3 and shim them to the same height. Adjust the verticality of the frame surfaces on both sides according to Step 4 and keep the shape of the isosceles trapezoidal cross section consistent with the previous section. Fix the qualified assembly structure with the relevant parts until the assembly of all sections is completed.

[0028] After assembling the left transition section 3' and the right transition section 3, the left middle lower section 4' and the right middle lower section 4, the left middle section 5' and the right middle section 5, the left middle upper section 6' and the right middle upper section 6, the left upper section 7' ​​and the right upper section 7 are assembled in sequence according to the method of the present invention; wherein, each section is fixed by tie rod 9, back crossbeam 10 and support rod 11 during the assembly process.

[0029] This invention innovates the process method by performing horizontal assembly during the derrick manufacturing process. During the horizontal assembly, specific process control steps and measures are taken to control the alignment of the wellhead center, thereby achieving the alignment requirement of the upper and lower wellhead centers when the derrick is in the vertical assembly state.

[0030] The method of this invention is convenient to operate, uses simple tools, and is safe and reliable, effectively reducing manufacturing difficulty and safety risks. This method has low production costs, fully meets product quality requirements, and is applicable to the manufacture of similar components.

[0031] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for centering the wellhead in the vertical installation state of a petroleum drilling rig K-shaped derrick in the horizontal installation state, characterized in that, When the K-type derrick is in a low-position horizontal installation state, the installation and dimensional control of components are based on high-precision ground sample markings. The deviation of the left and right sides of the derrick section from the corresponding ground sample markings and the isosceles trapezoidal shape of the current cross section are controlled separately during the assembly of each section. Combined with process control measures, the alignment requirements of the upper and lower wellhead centers are achieved when the derrick is in a vertical installation state.

2. The method for controlling the wellhead center in the horizontal configuration of a K-shaped derrick on an oil drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Using the horizontal plane of the ground as a reference, draw two perpendicular lines D0D0' and A0A0' on the assembly platform (13) as land sample markers; Step 2: Fix two positioning supports (12) on the assembly platform (13). There is a gap between the positioning supports (12). The centers of the shaft holes of the two positioning supports (13) are coaxial and at the same height. The projection line of the line connecting the centers of their shaft holes on the assembly platform coincides with the ground pattern mark D0D0'. Step 3: Install the lower left section (2') and lower right section (2) of the derrick into the positioning support (12) respectively. Adjust the gap size L0 between the lower left and lower right sections to meet the design requirements. Measure the distances L1 and L1' from the lower left and lower right sections to the ground sample A0A0' respectively. Calculate the difference between L1 and L1' and the direction of deviation from the ground sample A0A0' line. Use this difference and deviation direction as the control requirements for subsequent assembly of each section. Use the support block (14) to make the front end of the lower left section (2') and lower right section (2) equal to the height of the positioning support. Step 4: Adjust the frame surfaces H1H1' and H2H2' of the lower left section (2') and the lower right section (2) to be perpendicular to the upper surface of the assembly platform. The cross section formed by the lower left section (2') and the lower right section (2) is an isosceles trapezoid. The shape of the isosceles trapezoid determined at this time will be used as the control element for the subsequent assembly of each section. Step 5: Based on the lower left section (2') and lower right section (2) that have been adjusted and qualified in Step 4, assemble the left transition section (3') and right transition section (3), and after adjusting and qualified according to the requirements of Step 3 and Step 4, install the connecting frame (8) and fix the structure; Step 6: Following the assembly sequence from bottom to top, for each subsequent assembly, use the top of the assembly section completed in the previous step as a reference. Install the sections on both sides according to the difference and deviation direction determined in Step 3 and shim them to the same height. Adjust the verticality of the frame surfaces on both sides according to Step 4 and keep the shape of the isosceles trapezoidal cross section consistent with the previous section. Fix the qualified assembly structure with the relevant parts until the assembly of all sections is completed.

3. The method for controlling the wellhead center in the horizontal configuration of a K-shaped derrick in an oil drilling rig according to claim 2, characterized in that, The related components include tie rod (9), back crossbeam (10), and strut (11).

4. The method for controlling the wellhead center in the horizontal configuration of a K-shaped derrick in an oil drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that, The working plane of the assembly platform (13) is based on the horizontal of the earth, and the ground sample is marked by two high-precision vertical lines.

5. The method for controlling the wellhead center in the horizontal configuration of a K-shaped derrick in an oil drilling rig according to claim 2, characterized in that, The positioning support holes used to fix the lower left section (2') and lower right section (2) legs are coaxial and at the same height, and the projection line of the line connecting the center lines of the positioning support shaft holes on the assembly platform coincides with the corresponding ground pattern mark.

6. The method for controlling the wellhead center in the horizontal state of the K-shaped derrick of an oil drilling rig to the vertical state according to claim 3, characterized in that, The difference in dimensions between the lower left section (2') and the lower right section (2) after they are fixed to the positioning support and the corresponding ground sample markers, as well as the direction of deviation from the ground sample markers, and the isosceles trapezoidal shape determined by the cross section, are the factors that need to be controlled during the subsequent assembly of each section.

7. The method for controlling the wellhead center in the horizontal state of the K-shaped derrick of an oil drilling rig to the vertical state according to claim 2, characterized in that, Assemble the segments from bottom to top, with the top of the previously assembled segment serving as the reference point for subsequent segments.

8. The method for controlling the wellhead center in the horizontal position of the K-shaped derrick of an oil drilling rig to the vertical position according to claim 2, characterized in that, The alignment accuracy of the wellhead in the vertical installation state is determined by the control accuracy of the following steps: the verticality accuracy of the ground sample, the coaxiality and height accuracy of the positioning support hole, and the degree and direction of deviation between the difference between the left and right sides of the last section and the corresponding ground sample mark and the difference determined in the first section.

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