Method, device, medium and product for measuring flow rate of mud in a well outlet elevated tank

Abstract

This application discloses a method, equipment, medium, and product for measuring the flow rate of drilling fluid in an elevated trench at the well outlet. The method includes: acquiring multi-source sensor data from multiple independent measuring units arranged along the mud flow direction at the same time reference; determining the load baseline and corresponding reference flow rate for each unit and acquiring the baseline correction load; extracting the spatial variation characteristics of the load between units and its time-varying characteristics; separating the static stagnant load component using liquid level data and mud density, wherein the mud density is obtained by conversion from a densitometer or gas content; obtaining the dynamic load characteristics and determining the flow rate change; synthesizing the flow rate change and the reference flow rate into a real-time instantaneous flow rate and accumulating it to obtain the cumulative flow rate; identifying and outputting the drilling fluid outlet conditions based on the amplitude, direction of change, and duration of the flow rate change and / or the real-time instantaneous flow rate; thereby solving the problems of existing flow meters being unsuitable for high sand content, high gas content, strong vibration, and non-full pipe conditions, exhibiting low accuracy, large blind zone, poor condition adaptability, and weak anti-interference ability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fluid monitoring and signal processing technology in oil drilling engineering, and particularly to methods, equipment, media, and products for measuring the flow rate of drilling mud in the well outlet overhead trench. Background Technology

[0002] After returning from the wellhead, drilling fluid is typically transported via an overhead channel. Changes in its outlet flow rate are important parameters for identifying drilling conditions such as lost circulation, overflow, and sand plugging. This channel is not fully filled, the mud contains sand and gas, and the fluid level fluctuates significantly. At the same time, there are drilling rig vibrations, channel installation stress, and static off-center loads caused by sand accumulation on site.

[0003] Traditional flow measurement methods based on velocity or conductivity parameters are highly sensitive to flow field uniformity and medium conditions. When directly calculating flow rate using load changes at a single weighing point, the tank's own weight, retained mud, fixed sand accumulation, and slow zero-point drift can all superimpose with the flow load. Structural vibrations transmitted between adjacent tank sections can also create spatial correlation interference, causing minute flow rate changes to be masked by noise. While simply performing time-difference can reduce some static components, it cannot effectively distinguish between structural crosstalk between multiple measurement units and the spatial load gradient generated by mud flow. In summary, current mainstream flowmeter algorithms are unable to adapt to the specific working conditions of drilling processes, such as high sand content, high gas content, strong vibration, and non-full pipe conditions, resulting in defects such as low accuracy, large blind zone, poor adaptability to working conditions, and weak anti-interference ability.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for methods, equipment, media, and products for measuring the flow rate of drilling mud in the elevated trench at the well outlet, in order to solve the problems that existing technologies cannot adapt to the drilling process, which is characterized by high sand content, high gas content, strong vibration, and non-full pipe-specific working conditions, resulting in low accuracy, large blind zone, poor adaptability to working conditions, and weak anti-interference ability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method, equipment, medium, and product for measuring the flow rate of drilling mud in the elevated trench at the drilling outlet, in order to solve the problems that the existing mainstream flow meter algorithms cannot adapt to the drilling process conditions of high sand content, high gas content, strong vibration, and non-full pipe exclusive conditions, resulting in low accuracy, large blind zone, poor adaptability to working conditions, and weak anti-interference ability.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for measuring the flow rate of drilling fluid in the well outlet overhead trench, comprising: acquiring multi-source sensor data of multiple independent measuring units arranged along the flow direction of the drilling fluid under the same time reference; determining the load baseline of each independent measuring unit and the reference flow rate corresponding to the load baseline based on the data satisfying preset steady-state conditions, and acquiring the baseline correction load of each independent measuring unit based on the load baseline; extracting the spatial variation characteristics and time-varying characteristics of the load relationship between the units based on the baseline correction load of the multiple independent measuring units, and using the liquid level data and the drilling fluid density to obtain load components related to the static retention of the drilling fluid, wherein the drilling fluid density is obtained by conversion from a densitometer or gas content, to obtain dynamic load characteristics, and determining the flow rate change according to a preset mapping relationship; synthesizing the flow rate change with the reference flow rate to obtain the real-time instantaneous flow rate, and accumulating the real-time instantaneous flow rate to obtain the cumulative flow rate; identifying the drilling fluid outlet conditions based on the flow rate change and / or the amplitude, direction of change, and duration of the real-time instantaneous flow rate, and outputting the real-time instantaneous flow rate, the cumulative flow rate, and the condition identification result.

[0007] Secondly, some embodiments of this application also provide an electronic device, the electronic device comprising: one or more processors; and a memory storing computer program instructions, which, when executed, cause the processor to perform the steps of the drilling outlet overhead trench mud flow measurement method as described above.

[0008] Thirdly, some embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable medium having computer program instructions stored thereon, which can be executed by a processor to implement the method for measuring the flow rate of drilling outlet overhead trench mud as described above.

[0009] Fourthly, some embodiments of this application also provide a computer program product, including a computer program / instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method for measuring the flow rate of drilling outlet overhead trench mud as described above.

[0010] Compared with related technologies, the technical solution provided in this application can bring the following overall technical effects: (1) By attaching a unified timestamp and a unified sampling clock to the multi-source sensor data of multiple independent measurement units arranged along the mud flow direction, the time reference of multiple units is aligned, which effectively overcomes the sampling time misalignment caused by the inconsistent spatial distribution of each measurement unit and ensures that subsequent spatial and temporal difference operations are performed at the same sampling time. (2) By calibrating the load baseline of each independent measurement unit based on the data that meets the preset steady-state conditions and obtaining the baseline correction load, the fixed components such as the tank self-weight, fixed sand accumulation, installation off-center load and steady-state stagnant mud are separated from the subsequent dynamic signal, thus eliminating the masking of the effective flow signal by the static fixed load. (3) By performing spatial second-order difference and time first-order difference on the baseline correction load in sequence, the spatial correlation structure crosstalk and non-full pipe flow unevenness interference between adjacent measurement units, as well as low-frequency baseline drift and time-varying interference, are suppressed respectively, and the pure dynamic load gradient change corresponding to the flow fluctuation is obtained. (4) By combining the liquid level data to calculate the static retained mud mass in each independent measurement unit, and performing the same spatial and temporal difference as the dynamic signal on the static mass, the static retained mud mass is decoupled from the flow load, thus avoiding the static mass change caused by the rise and fall of liquid level being misjudged as flow rate change. (5) By establishing a mapping relationship between dynamic load characteristics and flow rate changes in advance, the instantaneous mass flow rate change and the instantaneous volume flow rate change are output respectively. Combined with the reference flow rate, the real-time instantaneous mass flow rate and the real-time instantaneous volume flow rate are synthesized to achieve dual-caliber absolute quantity output of mass / volume, thus completely solving the technical blind spot of no output in steady state of traditional weighing algorithms. (6) By integrating the real-time instantaneous flow rate to obtain the cumulative flow rate, and based on the amplitude, direction, and duration of the flow rate change and the real-time instantaneous flow rate, the system identifies minute fluctuations in the drilling fluid outlet, micro-leakage of mud, and overload conditions of sand plugging, and provides graded early warnings, providing highly sensitive and highly resistant metering and early warning data for drilling safety monitoring. The above adaptations enable this solution to maintain high accuracy, no steady-state blind zone, strong condition adaptability, and high resistance to disturbances even under drilling conditions with high sand content, high gas content, strong vibration, and non-full pipe exclusive conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0011] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference numerals in the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are denoted as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings are not to be limited by scale.

[0012] Figure 1 An exemplary flowchart of a method for measuring the flow rate of drilling mud in a well outlet overhead trench, provided in some embodiments; Figure 2 An exemplary structural diagram of an electronic device is provided for some embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0013] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0014] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision, and disclosure of user personal information comply with relevant laws and regulations and do not violate public order and good morals.

[0015] The technical solution provided in this application connects load, liquid level, and temperature sequences using a unified time reference. It obtains the dynamic load gradient through spatial second-order difference, temporal first-order difference, and in-domain subtraction of statically retained mud mass. Then, it uses calibration relationships, reference flow synthesis, and time-series integration to form a complete flow result. This processing chain ensures that all subordinate steps revolve around the overall flow of the independent claim, forming a closed loop between data acquisition, baseline, difference, decoupling, synthesis, and early warning.

[0016] For drilling operations characterized by high sand content, high gas content, strong vibration, and non-full pipe conditions, this method is specifically adapted as follows: In cases of high sand content, the fixed sand accumulation within the tank and units is treated as a fixed component and removed by baseline correction in step S2, not participating in dynamic flow calculation. Strong vibrations are mostly spatial common-mode disturbances along the flow direction. Step S3 performs spatial second-order difference analysis on adjacent independent measurement units to suppress common-mode vibrations, and step S1 uses a unified clock and filtering to suppress high-frequency vibration jitter. Non-full pipe conditions lead to uneven distribution of liquid level and flow regime in each unit. Step S3 uses multi-unit spatial distribution sensing combined with liquid level data to calculate the static retained mud mass and deduct it within the same domain, achieving decoupling of flow load and static mass. High gas content causes a decrease in mud volume density. The mud density is obtained in real-time or through calibration using a densitometer or gas content conversion and participates in static mass calculation and preset mapping, ensuring that gas content fluctuations are absorbed by the density term, avoiding misinterpretation as flow rate changes. This addresses the problems of low accuracy, large blind zone, poor adaptability to operating conditions, and weak anti-interference capability of existing technologies.

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, the method for measuring the flow rate of drilling mud in the well outlet overhead trench may include the following steps: S1, acquire multi-source sensor data from multiple independent measurement units arranged along the mud flow direction at the same time reference; S2, determine the load baseline of each independent measurement unit and the reference flow rate corresponding to the load baseline based on the data that meets the preset steady-state conditions, and obtain the baseline correction load of each independent measurement unit based on the load baseline. S3, based on the baseline correction load of multiple independent measurement units, extract the spatial variation characteristics of the load relationship between the units and its time variation characteristics, use liquid level data and mud density to separate the load components related to the static retention of mud, wherein the mud density is obtained by real-time measurement by a densitometer or by conversion based on the gas content, and is updated in real-time or by calibration according to the working conditions to obtain dynamic load characteristics, and determine the flow rate change according to a preset mapping relationship; S4, combine the change in flow rate with the reference flow rate to obtain the real-time instantaneous flow rate, and perform cumulative processing on the real-time instantaneous flow rate to obtain the cumulative flow rate; S5. Identify the drilling fluid outlet conditions based on the flow rate change and / or the amplitude, direction of change, and duration of the real-time instantaneous flow rate, and output the real-time instantaneous flow rate, the cumulative flow rate, and the condition identification result.

[0018] Each step is executed continuously under a unified sampling clock or unified timestamp. The following provides a detailed explanation of each step.

[0019] In order to enable different measurement units and different physical quantities to participate in differential calculation at the same sampling time, step S1 includes the following steps.

[0020] Step S11: Convert the original sampled values ​​of multiple weighing sensors within the same independent measurement unit into equivalent masses according to their respective sensitivity coefficients, and sum the converted equivalent masses to obtain the unit load sequence W of the independent measurement unit. i [k]; simultaneously obtain the liquid level sequence h of this unit. i [k] and temperature sequence T i [k], and append a uniform timestamp to the above sequence.

[0021] Step S12: Correct W using the zero-point temperature drift coefficient and sensitivity temperature drift coefficient obtained from temperature calibration. i [k]; Perform outlier determination on the corrected sequence, for example, using statistics within a sliding time window to establish a three-standard-deviation criterion, marking sampling points that exceed the criterion and cannot be explained by the continuity of adjacent points as outliers, and using interpolation of the nearest valid sampling points.

[0022] Step S13 involves low-pass filtering the outlier-processed load sequence to reduce structural vibration components above the effective frequency band of mud flow rate changes; subsequently, the load, liquid level, and temperature sequences are resampled or interpolated at a uniform sampling time. The filter cutoff frequency and sampling frequency are set based on the on-site pumping frequency, expected anomaly response time, and sensor bandwidth.

[0023] In one example configuration, each channel is sampled at 100Hz, corresponding to a sampling time interval Δt of 10ms; this value is used to illustrate the discrete processing method and does not limit the invention to using other sampling frequencies.

[0024] In order to separate fixed components such as the tank's own weight, fixed sand accumulation, installation eccentric load, and steady-state retained mud from subsequent dynamic signals, step S2 includes the following steps.

[0025] S21. Calculate the load fluctuation and liquid level fluctuation of each independent measurement unit within the sliding time window. When the load fluctuation is lower than the load steady-state threshold, the liquid level fluctuation is lower than the liquid level steady-state threshold, and the above states continue for a preset duration, the sliding time window is determined as the steady-state time window.

[0026] S22, calculate the temperature-corrected average load of each independent measurement unit within the steady-state time window, and determine the average load as the load baseline B of the corresponding independent measurement unit. i The baseline correction load X at the k-th sampling time. i [k] is represented as: X i [k] = W i [k] B i Step S23: Obtain the reference flow rate q corresponding to the steady-state time window from an external reference flow source. m ,0, or the reference flow rate q can be determined based on a pre-established steady-state calibration relationship. v ,0, and store the reference flow rate associated with the load baseline; wherein, the load baseline is allowed to be updated slowly only when the steady-state condition is continuously met and no abnormal warning is triggered, so as to avoid absorbing the actual flow rate mutation into the baseline.

[0027] To suppress spatially dependent disturbances, time-varying disturbances, and changes in the statically retained mud quality caused by level changes, step S3 includes the following steps: S31, according to the arrangement order of the independent measurement units, extract spatial variation features of the baseline correction load of adjacent independent measurement units at the same sampling time to obtain feature quantities characterizing the spatial variation of local load. The specific extraction method for this spatial variation feature is spatial second-order difference: Let X... i [k] represents the baseline correction load of the i-th element, and the spatial second-order difference D corresponding to the i-th element. i [k] is represented as: D i [k] = X i+1 [k] 2X i [k] + X i-1 [k] Where i represents the internal element number that can simultaneously obtain the upstream and downstream adjacent elements. Spatial second-order difference suppresses the approximately unidirectional vibration components shared by multiple elements and the structural deviations that vary linearly along the arrangement direction, while preserving the changes in local load gradients. For the boundary of the measurement section, a single-sided three-point difference can be used, or only the internal elements can be included in the subsequent weighted synthesis.

[0028] S32, extract time change features from the spatial change features at adjacent sampling times according to the sampling time sequence, and obtain time-series feature quantities that characterize the spatial change features as time changes.

[0029] The specific method for extracting this time-varying feature is the first-order time difference: for D... i [k] performs a first-order time difference, V i [k] is represented as: V i [k] = (D i [k] D i [k 1]) / Δt Where Δt is the time interval between adjacent sampling times, V i The dimension of [k] is the rate of change of mass. When using non-equal interval timestamps, Δt is taken as the actual time difference between the current sampling time and the previous sampling time. Spatial difference and temporal difference are performed in the above order, so that the difference components at the same spatial location are formed at each time point first, and then their temporal changes are compared.

[0030] S33. Based on the liquid level data, effective length, tank cross-sectional parameters, and mud density of each independent measuring unit, the static retained mud mass is determined. The same spatial and temporal variation features are extracted from the static retained mud mass as described above. The obtained static load variation components are separated from the temporal feature quantities, and the separation results corresponding to multiple independent measuring units are synthesized to obtain the dynamic load characteristics. The flow rate change is determined according to a preset mapping relationship. The mud density is obtained by real-time measurement using a densitometer or by conversion based on gas content, and is updated in real-time or during calibration according to operating conditions, participating in the static mass calculation and preset mapping.

[0031] To avoid the change in the mass of statically retained mud in the tank due to changes in liquid level being mistaken for a change in flow rate, step S33 further includes steps S331 to S333.

[0032] S331, determine the mud cross-sectional area based on the liquid level data of the i-th independent measuring unit and the pre-established correspondence between liquid level and mud cross-sectional area, and determine the static retained mud mass in the i-th independent measuring unit in combination with the effective length of the i-th independent measuring unit and the current mud density.

[0033] The static retained mud mass M of the i-th independent measurement unit at the k-th sampling time s , i [k] is represented as: M s , i [k] = ρ[k]· L i · A i (h i [k]) Where ρ[k] is the mud density at the k-th sampling time. For a rectangular tank, A(h) can be expressed as the product of the tank width and the liquid level; for tanks with circular bottoms, trapezoidal or combined cross-sections, A(h) is given by the corresponding geometric piecewise function or calibration lookup table. Temperature is used to select or correct ρ[k], or ρ[k] can be updated by external mud density measurements.

[0034] S332, the same spatial variation feature extraction and temporal variation feature extraction as the baseline correction load are sequentially performed on the static retained mud mass in each independent measurement unit to obtain the static load variation component. The static load variation component is subtracted from the corresponding temporal feature quantity, and the subtraction result is synthesized according to the pre-calibrated unit weight to obtain the dynamic load feature.

[0035] Specifically, the static mass spatial difference D is calculated according to the second-order spatial difference order. s , i [k], then obtain the static load gradient V according to the first-order time difference order. s , i [k]; V s , i [k] from V i Subtract from [k] and perform weighted synthesis for different spatial difference groups: R[k] = Σ i α i · (V i [k] V s , i [k]) Where, α i The unit weights are obtained through standard flow tests or historical calibrations, and each weight is used to compensate for differences in tank installation and sensitivity differences in each sensor channel. R[k] is the composite dynamic load gradient after deducting the changes in the statically retained mud mass.

[0036] S333, the instantaneous mass flow rate change Δq is determined by utilizing the mapping relationship between the dynamic load characteristics and the instantaneous mass flow rate change established in advance through standard flow rate calibration (e.g., calibration by applying multiple known flow rate change conditions to the measurement section). m [k], and combined with the current mud density, convert the instantaneous mass flow rate change into the instantaneous volumetric flow rate change Δq. v [k].

[0037] The instantaneous mass flow rate change Δq m [k] and the instantaneous volumetric flow rate change Δq v [k] is represented as follows: Δq m [k] = K m · R[k] Δq v [k] = Δq m [k] / ρ[k] Among them, K m The conversion coefficient is obtained from the standard flow calibration. When different flow ranges exhibit different sensitivities, a piecewise linear calibration table can be used, and the corresponding conversion coefficient can be selected according to the range in which the current reference flow is located.

[0038] Specifically, under the condition of single linear calibration and small fluctuations in flow rate, the above mapping coefficient K m It is approximately equal to the reciprocal of the mud mass per unit flow rate, i.e., K. m ≈1 / ρ0, where ρ0=ρ×10 - ³ (unit: kg / L, ρ is the mud density, unit: kg / m³). Taking this example, ρ = 1200 kg / m³, ρ0 = 1.2 kg / L, then a flow rate fluctuation of 0.1 L / s corresponds to a mass change rate of 0.12 kg / s: when the on-site flow rate fluctuates by +0.1 L / s, the dynamic load gradient R[k] ≈ +0.12 kg / s, after Δq m [k]=K m The instantaneous change in mass flow rate Δq is obtained by solving R[k]. m [k]≈+0.1L / s, then after Δq v [k]=Δq m [k] / ρ[k] yields the instantaneous volumetric flow rate change; where ρ0 is the mud mass corresponding to a single volumetric flow rate, used to establish the dimensional conversion relationship between the load gradient change and the flow rate change. This conversion is consistent with the physical meaning of "0.1 L / s flow rate fluctuation corresponds to 0.12 kg / s mass change rate" in the example in the disclosure document. When different flow rate intervals exhibit different sensitivities, a piecewise linear calibration table is used, and the corresponding K is selected according to the interval where the current reference flow rate is located.m This approach ensures consistent conversion accuracy across different intervals. Furthermore, the cumulative flow rate is accumulated using trapezoidal numerical integration with iterative steps of Δt=10ms, and an error correction is performed once the steady-state condition is met again or at a fixed period to avoid long-term decay of integration accuracy.

[0039] In order to output flow rate results with absolute dimensions while retaining the ability to distinguish minute changes, step S4 includes the following steps: S41, based on the type of flow to be output, the instantaneous mass flow rate change Δq m [k] and the corresponding baseline mass flow rate q m The real-time instantaneous mass flow rate q is obtained by synthesis. m [k], or the instantaneous volumetric flow rate change Δq v [k] and the corresponding baseline volumetric flow rate q v The real-time instantaneous volumetric flow rate q was obtained by synthesis. v [k], the real-time instantaneous mass flow rate q m [k] and the real-time instantaneous volumetric flow rate q v [k] is represented as follows: q m [k] = q m ,0 + Δq m [k] q v [k] = q v ,0 + Δq v [k] S42, the real-time instantaneous flow rate is accumulated based on the real-time instantaneous flow rate at adjacent sampling times and the time interval between adjacent sampling times, so as to update the accumulated flow rate; Specifically, the cumulative flow C[k] is obtained by applying a trapezoidal integral to the real-time instantaneous flow rate, and the cumulative flow C[k] is expressed as: C[k] = C[k 1] + (q[k]+ q[k 1]) · Δt / 2 Where q[k] is taken as q according to the output type. m [k] or q v [k]. Cumulative mass flow rate and cumulative volumetric flow rate can be maintained separately.

[0040] S43, when the preset steady-state condition is met again, the external reference flow rate is compared with the current real-time instantaneous flow rate, and the correction amount of the preset mapping relationship or the cumulative flow rate is updated by limiting the flow rate based on the flow rate deviation obtained from the comparison.

[0041] In order to enable the flow measurement results to directly serve drilling monitoring, step S5 includes the following steps: S51, compare the change in flow rate with a preset amplitude threshold, and accumulate the duration of the same change direction.

[0042] S52 outputs a leakage warning when the magnitude of the negative flow change reaches the first threshold and the duration reaches the first duration, and outputs a sand blockage or overload warning when the magnitude of the positive flow change reaches the second threshold and the duration reaches the second duration.

[0043] Specifically, in a non-limiting example, the criteria for each operating condition can be set as follows: when the amplitude of the flow rate change is within ±0.1 L / s and the duration is greater than 1 s, it is determined to be a normal operating condition fluctuation; when the amplitude of the negative flow rate change reaches 0.1 L / s and the duration is greater than 3 s, it is determined to be a minor mud leakage and a leakage warning is triggered; when the positive flow rate change suddenly changes and continues to reach the corresponding threshold duration, it is determined to be sand blockage or overload and a corresponding warning is triggered. The amplitude threshold and duration threshold of the above criteria can be adjusted according to the on-site tank structure, mud density, and required response sensitivity. The combination criteria of amplitude, direction, and duration are consistent with the operating condition identification logic of the embodiment in the disclosure document, and the warning sensitivity is better than that of traditional monitoring algorithms.

[0044] The S53 will generate output data frames based on a unified timestamp, including real-time instantaneous flow rate, cumulative flow rate, load status of each independent measurement unit, and early warning level, and send them to the display terminal or drilling monitoring system.

[0045] In a non-limiting example, the measurement object is a 12-inch elevated tank, the effective length of the independent measurement unit is 1.2m, the initial mud density is 1200kg / m³, the sampling frequency of each channel is 100Hz, the steady-state baseline time window is 10s, and the reference volumetric flow rate is 35L / s. After low-pass filtering and outlier removal, the load sequence sequentially enters the spatial second-order difference, time first-order difference, and static mass subtraction process for liquid level. For known positive and negative flow rate steps, K is calibrated using the correspondence between the reference flow rate and R[k]. m Then, following step S4, the real-time instantaneous flow rate and cumulative flow rate can be continuously output. All of the above parameters can be adjusted according to the on-site tank structure, mud density, and required response time.

[0046] It is not difficult to see that, compared with related technologies, the technical solution provided in this application can bring the following overall technical effects: (1) By attaching a unified timestamp and a unified sampling clock to the multi-source sensor data of multiple independent measurement units arranged along the mud flow direction, the time reference of multiple units is aligned, which effectively overcomes the sampling time misalignment caused by the inconsistent spatial distribution of each measurement unit and ensures that subsequent spatial and temporal difference operations are performed at the same sampling time. (2) By calibrating the load baseline of each independent measurement unit based on the data that meets the preset steady-state conditions and obtaining the baseline correction load, the fixed components such as the tank self-weight, fixed sand accumulation, installation off-center load and steady-state stagnant mud are separated from the subsequent dynamic signal, thus eliminating the masking of the effective flow signal by the static fixed load. (3) By performing spatial second-order difference and time first-order difference on the baseline correction load in sequence, the spatial correlation structure crosstalk and non-full pipe flow unevenness interference between adjacent measurement units, as well as low-frequency baseline drift and time-varying interference, are suppressed respectively, and the pure dynamic load gradient change corresponding to the flow fluctuation is obtained. (4) By combining the liquid level data to calculate the static retained mud mass in each independent measurement unit, and performing the same spatial and temporal difference as the dynamic signal on the static mass, the static retained mud mass is decoupled from the flow load, thus avoiding the static mass change caused by the rise and fall of liquid level being misjudged as flow rate change. (5) By establishing a mapping relationship between dynamic load characteristics and flow rate changes in advance, the instantaneous mass flow rate change and the instantaneous volume flow rate change are output respectively. Combined with the reference flow rate, the real-time instantaneous mass flow rate and the real-time instantaneous volume flow rate are synthesized to achieve dual-caliber absolute quantity output of mass / volume, thus completely solving the technical blind spot of no output in steady state of traditional weighing algorithms. (6) By integrating the real-time instantaneous flow rate to obtain the cumulative flow rate, and based on the amplitude, direction, and duration of the flow rate change and the real-time instantaneous flow rate, the system identifies minute fluctuations in the drilling fluid outlet, micro-leakage of mud, and overload conditions of sand plugging, and provides graded early warnings, providing highly sensitive and highly resistant metering and early warning data for drilling safety monitoring. The above adaptations enable this solution to maintain high accuracy, no steady-state blind zone, strong condition adaptability, and high resistance to disturbances even under drilling conditions with high sand content, high gas content, strong vibration, and non-full pipe exclusive conditions.

[0047] The steps of the various methods described above are only for clarity. In practice, they can be combined into one step or some steps can be split into multiple steps. As long as they include the same logical relationship, they are all within the scope of protection of this application. Adding insignificant modifications or introducing insignificant designs to the algorithm or process, but without changing the core design of the algorithm and process, are also within the scope of protection of this application.

[0048] Second Embodiment This embodiment provides an electronic device. The electronic device can be various forms of digital computer, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, mainframe computers, cellular phones, smartphones, wearable devices, and other similar computing devices.

[0049] The electronic device includes: one or more processors; and a memory storing computer program instructions, which, when executed, cause the processor to perform the steps of the methods provided in any one or more of the above embodiments.

[0050] Figure 2 An exemplary structural diagram of an electronic device is disclosed. The electronic device includes one or more processors 1101, a memory 1102, an input device 1103, and an output device 1104. The various components are interconnected via a bus 1105 or other means (the diagram shows an example of bus connection). The processor 1101 can be used to execute instructions stored in the memory 1102 to control the overall operation of the electronic device. The memory 1102 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area stores the operating system and applications required for at least one function; the data storage area stores data created according to the use of the electronic device, etc. The memory 1102 may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-transitory memory, such as disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-transitory solid-state storage devices. In some embodiments, the memory 1102 may also include storage resources located remotely to the processor and accessible via a network.

[0051] Input device 1103 can be used to receive input numerical or character information or user operation signals, such as a touch screen, keypad, mouse, trackpad, touchpad, indicator, one or more mouse buttons, trackball, joystick, etc. Output device 1104 may include display devices (such as liquid crystal displays, light-emitting diode displays, plasma displays, and optional touch screens), auxiliary lighting devices (such as LEDs), and haptic feedback devices (such as vibration motors), etc.

[0052] To facilitate user interaction, the electronic device may be configured to include a display device (such as an LCD or CRT monitor) and input devices such as a keyboard and pointing devices (e.g., a mouse or touchpad). Feedback can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback); input may also be received via voice, touch, or other means.

[0053] This application also relates to a computer-readable medium having a computer program / instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the methods provided in any one or more of the above embodiments. This computer-readable medium may be a memory included in an electronic device, or it may be a standalone storage medium not assembled into the device.

[0054] It should be noted that the computer-readable medium described in this application may be a computer-readable signal medium, a computer-readable storage medium, or a combination of both. Examples include, but are not limited to, electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices, or any combination thereof. Specific examples of storage media may include, but are not limited to, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory, optical fibers, portable CD-ROMs, optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0055] Computer-readable media may store one or more programs that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system. The media may be permanent or non-permanent, removable or non-removable, and may store information by any method or technology, including computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data.

[0056] The computer program code used to implement the operations of this application can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​(such as Java, Smalltalk, and C++) and conventional procedural programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer, partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. The remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any network (including a local area network or a wide area network) or can be connected to an external computer.

[0057] In the above embodiments, the functions can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof, for example, by using application-specific integrated circuits, general-purpose computers, or other similar hardware devices. In some embodiments, the software program of this application can be executed by a processor to implement the steps or functions; it can also be implemented by hardware, for example, as a circuit that works in conjunction with the processor to execute the steps or functions.

[0058] This application also provides a computer program product, including one or more computer programs / instructions, which, when executed by a processor, generate all or part of the processes or functions described in this application. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one storage medium to another via wired (e.g., DSL) or wireless (e.g., wireless, microwave) means. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium accessible to a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., solid-state drive).

[0059] The flowcharts or block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of devices, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, may be implemented using a dedicated hardware-specific system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0060] The scope of this application is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and is therefore intended to encompass all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. Furthermore, it is clear that the word "comprising" does not exclude other units or steps, and the singular does not exclude the plural. Multiple units or devices recited in a device claim may also be implemented by a single unit or device in software or hardware. Terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used only for distinguishing descriptions and do not indicate any particular order, nor should they be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0061] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims, and the above embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the flow rate of drilling mud in the well outlet overhead trench, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Acquire multi-source sensor data from multiple independent measurement units arranged along the mud flow direction at the same time reference; The load baseline of each independent measurement unit and the reference flow rate corresponding to the load baseline are determined based on the data that meet the preset steady-state conditions, and the baseline correction load of each independent measurement unit is obtained based on the load baseline. Based on the baseline correction load extraction characterizing the spatial variation characteristics and time variation characteristics of the load relationship between multiple independent measurement units, the load component related to the static retention of mud is separated using liquid level data and mud density, wherein the mud density is obtained by conversion from densitometer or gas content, to obtain dynamic load characteristics, and the flow rate change is determined according to a preset mapping relationship. The change in flow rate is combined with the baseline flow rate to obtain the real-time instantaneous flow rate, and the real-time instantaneous flow rate is accumulated to obtain the cumulative flow rate; The drilling fluid outlet conditions are identified based on the change in flow rate and / or the amplitude, direction of change, and duration of the real-time instantaneous flow rate, and the real-time instantaneous flow rate, the cumulative flow rate, and the condition identification results are output.

2. The method for measuring the flow rate of drilling mud in the well outlet overhead trench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of acquiring multi-source sensor data from multiple independent measurement units arranged along the mud flow direction at the same time reference includes: The sampled values ​​of multiple weighing sensors within the same independent measurement unit are converted into equivalent masses and summed to obtain the unit load sequence. A unified timestamp is then added to the unit load sequence, liquid level sequence, and temperature sequence. The unit load sequence is temperature-corrected according to the temperature sensor calibration coefficient, and abnormal sampling points are removed according to the preset outlier criteria. The temperature-corrected unit load sequence is filtered, and the unit load sequence, liquid level sequence, and temperature sequence are resampled or interpolated to align the sampling times of different measurement channels.

3. The method for measuring the flow rate of drilling mud in the well outlet overhead trench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The load baseline of each independent measurement unit is determined based on data that meets preset steady-state conditions, and the baseline of the load unit is determined accordingly. The reference flow rate corresponding to the load baseline is described, and the baseline of each independent measurement unit is obtained based on the load baseline. The steps for line-corrected loads include: A steady-state time window is established when the load fluctuations and liquid level fluctuations of each independent measurement unit meet the preset steady-state conditions. Calculate the average load after temperature correction for each independent measurement unit within the steady-state time window, and determine the average load as the load baseline for the corresponding independent measurement unit. The reference flow corresponding to the steady-state time window is obtained from an external reference flow source, or the reference flow is determined according to a pre-established steady-state calibration relationship, and the reference flow is associated with and stored with the load baseline; Specifically, the load baseline is updated only when the preset steady-state condition is continuously met.

4. The method for measuring the flow rate of drilling mud in the well outlet overhead trench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for extracting the baseline correction load based on multiple independent measurement units to characterize the spatial variation characteristics and time-varying characteristics of the load relationship between the units, separating the load components related to the static retention of mud using liquid level data and the mud density (where the mud density is obtained by conversion from a densitometer or air content), and obtaining the dynamic load characteristics include: According to the arrangement order of the independent measurement units, the spatial variation characteristics of the baseline correction load of adjacent independent measurement units at the same sampling time are extracted to obtain the feature quantity characterizing the spatial variation of the local load. According to the sampling time sequence, the spatial change features of adjacent sampling times are extracted to obtain the temporal feature quantity that characterizes the change of the spatial change features over time; The static retained slurry mass is determined based on the liquid level data, effective length, tank cross-sectional parameters, and slurry density of each independent measuring unit. The slurry density is obtained by real-time measurement using a densitometer or by conversion based on the gas content, and is updated in real-time or during calibration according to the operating conditions. The static retained slurry mass is subjected to the same spatial variation feature extraction and temporal variation feature extraction as described above. The obtained static load variation component is separated from the temporal feature quantity, and the separation results corresponding to multiple independent measuring units are synthesized to obtain the dynamic load feature. The flow rate change is determined according to a preset mapping relationship.

5. The method for measuring the flow rate of drilling mud in the well outlet overhead trench according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of determining the flow rate change based on the preset mapping relationship includes: The mud cross-sectional area is determined based on the liquid level data of the i-th independent measuring unit and the pre-established correspondence between liquid level and mud cross-sectional area. The static retained mud mass in the i-th independent measuring unit is determined by combining the effective length of the i-th independent measuring unit and the current mud density. The static retained mud mass in each independent measurement unit is subjected to the same spatial variation feature extraction and temporal variation feature extraction as the baseline correction load in sequence to obtain the static load variation component. The static load variation component is subtracted from the corresponding temporal feature quantity, and the subtraction result is synthesized according to the pre-calibrated unit weight to obtain the dynamic load feature. The instantaneous mass flow rate change is determined by using the mapping relationship between the dynamic load characteristics and the instantaneous mass flow rate change established in advance through standard flow rate calibration, and the instantaneous mass flow rate change is converted into the instantaneous volumetric flow rate change by combining the current mud density.

6. The method for measuring the flow rate of drilling mud in the well outlet overhead trench according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process involves combining the change in flow rate with the baseline flow rate to obtain the real-time instantaneous flow rate, and then applying this to the actual flow rate. The steps for accumulating instantaneous traffic and obtaining the accumulated traffic include: Depending on the type of flow to be output, the instantaneous mass flow rate change is combined with the corresponding reference mass flow rate to obtain the real-time instantaneous mass flow rate, or the instantaneous volume flow rate change is combined with the corresponding reference volume flow rate to obtain the real-time instantaneous volume flow rate. The real-time instantaneous flow rate is integrated based on the real-time instantaneous flow rate at adjacent sampling times and the time interval between adjacent sampling times to update the cumulative flow rate; When the preset steady-state condition is met again, the external reference flow rate is compared with the current real-time instantaneous flow rate, and the preset mapping relationship or the correction amount of the cumulative flow rate is updated with a rate limit based on the flow rate deviation obtained from the comparison.

7. The method for measuring the flow rate of drilling mud in the well outlet overhead trench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of identifying the drilling fluid outlet conditions based on the flow rate change and / or the amplitude, direction of change, and duration of the real-time instantaneous flow rate, and outputting the real-time instantaneous flow rate, the cumulative flow rate, and the condition identification result includes: The change in flow rate is compared with a preset amplitude threshold, and the duration of the change in the same direction is accumulated. When the magnitude of the negative flow change reaches the first threshold and the duration reaches the first duration, a leakage warning is output; when the magnitude of the positive flow change reaches the second threshold and the duration reaches the second duration, a sand blockage or overload warning is output. The real-time instantaneous flow rate, cumulative flow rate, load status of each independent measurement unit, and early warning level are formed into an output data frame with a unified timestamp and sent to the display terminal or drilling monitoring system.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: One or more processors; And a memory storing computer program instructions, which, when executed, cause the one or more processors to perform the steps of the drilling outlet overhead trench mud flow measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A computer-readable medium having a computer program / instructions stored thereon, characterized in that, The calculation When a computer program / instruction is executed by a processor, it implements any one of claims 1 to 7. The steps for measuring the flow rate of drilling mud in the well outlet elevated trench.

10. A computer program product comprising a computer program / instructions, characterized in that, The computer program When the sequence / instruction is executed by the processor, it implements any one of claims 1 to 7. The steps for measuring the flow rate of drilling mud in the well outlet elevated trench.

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