Tunnel dust falling device based on train piston wind and dust falling device arrangement method

Abstract

The application discloses a train piston wind-based pilot tunnel dust falling device and a dust falling device arrangement method, and belongs to the dust falling field of a tunnel. The device comprises a plurality of dust removal boxes. The dust removal boxes are arranged in a pilot tunnel connected with a train tunnel, and the dust removal boxes are arranged in parallel with the side walls of the pilot tunnel and kept at a certain gap. The dust removal boxes utilize train piston wind as a dust removal power source. The train piston wind-based pilot tunnel dust falling device and the dust falling device arrangement method make full use of train piston wind to perform pilot tunnel dust falling, do not need a power supply and electrical equipment, do not need frequent maintenance, are safe, low in cost, and high in dust falling efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel dust suppression, specifically relating to a dust suppression device for tunnels based on train piston wind and a method for arranging the dust suppression device. Background Technology

[0002] When a train travels at high speed in a tunnel, because the tunnel is a long, narrow, semi-enclosed space, air cannot flow freely to the rear of the train as it would in an open space. As a result, the air in front of the train is constantly pushed by the locomotive, increasing its pressure, and is eventually forced out of the tunnel along the train's direction of travel. Meanwhile, a negative pressure zone forms behind the train, causing air from the tunnel entrance to be drawn in and replenish the tunnel. This airflow phenomenon caused by the train's movement in the tunnel is called "piston wind." Piston wind can carry some of the exhaust gases, dust, and other harmful substances generated during train operation out of the tunnel, thus enhancing ventilation. Furthermore, piston wind requires no additional energy to form, thus reducing the energy consumption of mechanical ventilation.

[0003] Pilot tunnels are installed on the side walls of train tunnels, serving multiple purposes. They allow some air to enter, reducing pressure shock in front of the train and preventing excessive pressure fluctuations within the tunnel. Pilot tunnels can also serve as connecting or escape routes, linking two parallel tunnels for evacuation and rescue in case of fire or accident. Due to the tunnel structure and ventilation conditions, dust accumulates within the pilot tunnels over time. This dust requires timely cleaning, but because it cannot escape the tunnel, air quality is extremely poor, causing significant problems for inspection personnel. When a train travels at high speed through a pilot tunnel, the previously relatively static airflow is momentarily compressed. Part of this compressed airflow is pushed deeper into the tunnel by the train, while the other part flows into the fluid space between the train and the tunnel wall. This creates a flowing airflow within the pilot tunnel, causing dust to be stirred up and further contributing to air pollution. The train's piston-driven pneumatic power source has never been effectively utilized.

[0004] Existing dust collection devices typically require electric power. For example, Chinese patent number 201110136400.1 describes a labyrinthine dust collection box. Inside the dust collection box, at least one positively or negatively charged dust collection plate is spaced apart. In addition to these positively or negatively charged plates, the surfaces facing the airflow direction within the unidirectional airflow channel are also made of charged materials. This ensures that at least three sides of the airflow channel within the dust collection box have positively or negatively charged dust collection plates with dust-collecting capabilities, increasing the dust collection area and the probability of impact between fine and ultrafine air particles. An air ionization generator's discharge emitter and a fan are respectively located at the air inlet and outlet of the dust collection box. However, for some train tunnels, such as those used by coal trains, the environment is much more dangerous than ordinary traffic tunnels. The air may contain flammable and explosive dust. Therefore, electrical facilities are usually not installed in these tunnels, or they must adhere to strict explosion-proof requirements to avoid fires caused by electrical installations. Therefore, electrically driven dust suppression devices cannot be used for dust suppression in these types of guide tunnels. The dust inside the guide tunnels still needs to be cleaned manually, requiring frequent manual maintenance, which is not only unsafe and costly, but also has low dust suppression efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned shortcomings by providing a dust suppression device and arrangement method for a guide tunnel based on train piston wind, aiming to solve problems such as how to achieve dust suppression in guide tunnels without electricity, how to reduce frequent manual maintenance and cleaning, and how to make the dust suppression process safe, efficient, and cost-effective. To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] The dust collection device for a tunnel based on train piston air includes several dust collection boxes 1. The dust collection boxes 1 are installed inside a tunnel 3 connecting to the train tunnel 2, and are arranged parallel to the sidewalls of the tunnel 3 while maintaining a certain gap. The dust collection boxes 1 utilize the train piston air as the power source for dust collection. As can be seen from the above structure, several dust collection boxes 1 are installed inside the tunnel 3 connecting to the train tunnel 2, utilizing the train piston air as the power source for dust collection. The airflow carrying dust enters the dust collection box 1 from the front air inlet for dust collection, thus effectively utilizing the train piston air power source. The dust collector 1 is arranged parallel to the sidewall of the guide tunnel 3. The dust collector 1 is close to the sidewall of the guide tunnel 3 to avoid obstructing passage. The parallel arrangement of the dust collector 1 and the sidewall of the guide tunnel 3 with a certain gap prevents the air outlet at the rear of the dust collector 1 from being blocked, ensuring airflow through the dust collector 1 for dust removal. Furthermore, after dust exits from the air outlet at the rear of the dust collector 1, it is further impacted and blocked by the sidewall of the guide tunnel, causing the dust to settle between the dust suppression device and the sidewall of the guide tunnel, facilitating centralized cleaning by workers. This invention utilizes the piston air of a train as the power source for dust suppression, requiring no electricity. The dust suppression process is energy-saving, low-cost, and safer, making it suitable for scenarios such as dust suppression in guide tunnels of coal transport trains.

[0008] Furthermore, several dust collectors 1 are arranged in a matrix of rows and columns; each column contains at least three dust collectors 1, and each row contains at least three dust collectors 1; the closer the dust collectors 1 in a row are to the entrance of the guide tunnel 3, the larger their volume; the farther the dust collectors 1 in a column are from the ground, the smaller their volume. From this structure, it is clear that within the same row, the closer the dust collectors 1 are to the entrance of the guide tunnel 3, the easier it is for them to collect more dust, hence the larger their designed volume; conversely, the farther the dust collectors 1 are from the ground, the less dust they collect, hence the smaller their designed volume. Therefore, by rationally setting the capacity of the dust collectors in different rows and columns, the difference in the time it takes for different dust collectors to reach their failure lifespan is reduced, the frequency of manual maintenance is decreased, and costs are saved.

[0009] Furthermore, the dust collectors 1 in the same row are of equal height, and the dust collectors 1 closer to the entrance of the guide tunnel 3 are wider; the dust collectors 1 in the same column are of similar width, and the dust collectors 1 further away from the ground are of smaller height. As can be seen from the above structure, this invention adopts the technical improvement of different widths and different heights for dust collectors in the same row and column, achieving different volumes of dust collectors without affecting the side-by-side arrangement of the dust collectors, forming a unified guide tunnel dust suppression device, which facilitates the transportation of the guide tunnel dust suppression device.

[0010] Furthermore, the dust collector 1 includes a housing 11; a first air inlet 12 is provided on the front side of the housing 11; a first guide plate 13 is provided on the first air inlet 12; the right end of the first guide plate 13 is connected to the right edge of the first air inlet 12, and the left end of the first guide plate 13 extends into the housing 11 relative to the front side of the housing 11. From the above structure, it can be seen that the housing 11 is the outer shell of the dust collector 1. The airflow carrying dust starts from the first air inlet 12 on the front side of the housing 11 and is guided into the housing 11 by the first guide plate 13 for dust removal, facilitating the guidance of the dust-carrying airflow and achieving efficient dust removal.

[0011] Furthermore, an upper guide plate 14 is connected to the upper end of the first guide plate 13 and the upper edge of the first air inlet 12, and a lower guide plate 15 is connected to the lower end of the first guide plate 13 and the lower edge of the first air inlet 12; a second air inlet 16 is provided between the left end of the first guide plate 13 and the left edge of the first air inlet 12; the second air inlet 16 faces the entrance of the guide hole 3; and an arc-shaped guide plate 28 is provided on the second air inlet 16. As can be seen from the above structure, the dust collector's air inlet section is equipped with a first guide plate, an upper guide plate, a lower guide plate, and an arc-shaped guide plate, which guide the dust moving with the airflow into the dust collector. The second air inlet 16 faces the entrance of the guide tunnel 3. The first air inlet 12 and the second air inlet 16 form a specially designed funnel, allowing the airflow carrying dust to enter from the larger first air inlet 12 and flow into the smaller second air inlet 16. This creates a structure where the large air inlet allows air to enter and the small air inlet locks in dust, preventing a large amount of dust moving with the airflow from escaping from the dust collection box and improving dust collection efficiency.

[0012] Furthermore, a first air outlet 17 is provided on the rear side of the housing 11; a second guide plate 18 is provided on the first air outlet 17; the lower end of the second guide plate 18 is connected to the lower edge of the second air inlet 16, and the upper end of the second guide plate 18 extends into the housing 11 relative to the rear side of the housing 11. As can be seen from the above structure, the second guide plate 18 is inclined, further increasing the upward travel of the airflow carrying dust and preventing dust from escaping from the first air outlet 17. The upper end of the second guide plate 18 extends into the housing 11 relative to the rear side of the housing 11, ensuring that the rear side of the housing 11 does not protrude, and keeping all the housings 11 on a single plane, facilitating subsequent assembly and fixing.

[0013] Furthermore, a left guide plate 19 is connected to the left end of the second guide plate 18 and the left edge of the first air outlet 17, and a right guide plate 20 is connected to the right end of the second guide plate 18 and the right edge of the first air outlet 17; a second air outlet 21 is provided between the upper end of the second guide plate 18 and the upper edge of the first air outlet 17. As can be seen from the above structure, the dust collector's outlet section is equipped with a second guide plate, a left guide plate, and a right guide plate to guide the dust moving with the airflow, causing it to impact the sidewall of the guide tunnel and slide down to settle, thus improving dust removal efficiency. As the airflow moves from the second air outlet 21 to the first air outlet 17, the opening widens, and the airflow speed decreases, making it easier for the dust to impact the sidewall of the guide tunnel and then fall onto the second guide plate 18, sliding down to the ground and settling. Because the gap between the sidewall of the guide tunnel and the housing is relatively small, it is not easily blown up again by the airflow. When dust removal is required, the entire dust collection device can be disassembled and moved outside for cleaning, and the settled dust behind the dust collection device can be directly swept away. If the dust suppression device in the tunnel is not completely dismantled, a long, thin planer with a scraper can be used to scrape off and clean the settled dust behind the device.

[0014] Furthermore, the housing 11 has an internal flow channel space 22 and a storage space 23; the flow channel space 22 is located above the storage space 23; the second air inlet 16 and the second air outlet 21 are respectively connected to the flow channel space 22; the flow channel space 22 has several staggered partitions 24, forming a curved flow channel; the flow channel space 22 and the storage space 23 have several horizontally arranged partitions 25; adjacent partitions 25 have strip gaps 26; each partition 25 includes two inclined surfaces 27 connected at the top, and the top of the partition 25 protrudes upward. From the above structure, it can be seen that the airflow carrying dust enters the flow channel space 22 from the second air inlet 16, flows through the curved flow channel formed by the partitions 24, and the dust continuously impacts the partitions 24 and falls onto the partitions 25, then slides through the inclined surfaces 27 into the strip gaps 26, where the dust is locked in the storage space 23, and then the airflow flows out from the second air outlet 21. The dust collection box is divided into upper and lower parts. The upper part allows dust to fall by impacting and slowing down through a zigzag motion, while the lower part collects the dust and locks it in place by several horizontally arranged partitions. The higher and wider the dust collection box, the larger its volume.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a support frame 4 and a support net 5; the support frame 4 encloses an accommodating space, and the support net 5 connects the support frames 4; the dust collection box 1 is located in the accommodating space; the support net 5 is used to constrain the dust collection box 1; the bottom of the support frame 4 is provided with four fixing plates 6; the fixing plates 6 are provided with bolt holes; the bolt holes are used to insert anchor bolts. From the above structure, it can be seen that the support frame 4, as the supporting skeleton of the accommodating space, supports the support net 5, the support net 5 fixes the dust collection boxes 1 arranged side by side, and the support frame 4 is fixed to the ground by anchor bolts to prevent the airflow from blowing the dust collection box 1 away. A portion of the support frame 4 can be made into an openable door for easy access to the dust collection box 1.

[0016] The dust suppression device arrangement method employs several dust suppression devices 7 based on train piston airflow, as described above. These dust suppression devices 7 are staggered along the two side walls of the guide tunnel 3. At least three dust suppression devices 7 are installed on the side wall of each guide tunnel 3. The closer to the entrance of the guide tunnel 3, the smaller the distance between two adjacent dust suppression devices 7 on the same side wall. The closer to the entrance of the guide tunnel, the sooner the dust collector 1 captures dust in the airflow. Therefore, the closer to the entrance of the guide tunnel, the easier it is for the dust collector 1 to collect more dust. The smaller the distance between two adjacent dust suppression devices 7 on the same side wall near the entrance of the guide tunnel 3, the more dust can be sucked in. This reduces the difference in the time it takes for the dust suppression devices to reach their failure life, reduces the frequency of manual maintenance, and saves costs.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0018] 1. This invention utilizes the piston wind of a train as a power source for dust suppression, eliminating the need for electric drive. The dust suppression process is energy-saving, low-cost, and safer, making it suitable for scenarios such as dust suppression in the guide tunnels of coal transport trains.

[0019] 2. This invention rationally sets the capacity of different rows and columns of dust collectors, reduces the difference in the time it takes for different dust collectors to reach their failure life, reduces the frequency of manual maintenance, and saves costs.

[0020] 3. This invention adopts a technical improvement of different widths and different heights for dust collection boxes in the same row, so as to achieve different volumes of dust collection boxes without affecting the side-by-side arrangement of dust collection boxes, forming an integrated guide tunnel dust collection device, which is convenient for transporting the guide tunnel dust collection device.

[0021] 4. The dust collection box of the present invention adopts a large air inlet for air intake and a small air inlet for dust retention, which prevents dust moving with the airflow from escaping from the dust collection box in large quantities and improves dust collection efficiency.

[0022] 5. The dust collector of the present invention is provided with a first guide plate, an upper guide plate, a lower guide plate, an arc-shaped guide plate and other structures at the air inlet to guide the dust moving with the airflow and introduce it into the dust collector.

[0023] 6. The dust collection box of the present invention uses a small air outlet to lock in dust and a large air outlet to slow down the wind speed, making it easier for dust to fall and improving dust collection efficiency.

[0024] 7. The dust collector of the present invention is provided with a second guide plate, a left guide plate, a right guide plate and other structures at the air outlet of the dust collector to guide the dust moving with the airflow, so that it hits the side wall of the guide hole and slides down to settle the dust, thereby improving the dust removal efficiency.

[0025] 8. The dust collection box of the present invention is divided into upper and lower parts. The upper part allows the dust to decelerate and fall due to impact, while the lower part collects the dust and locks it in place by several horizontally arranged partitions.

[0026] 9. The dust collection boxes of the present invention are integrated into a whole by a support frame and a support mesh lock, which facilitates the overall handling.

[0027] 10. The dust suppression device for guide tunnels of the present invention reduces the difference in the time it takes for each dust suppression device in a guide tunnel to reach its failure life by setting different spacing, thereby reducing the frequency of manual maintenance and saving costs. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional disassembled structure of the dust collector box of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional disassembled structure of the dust collector box from another perspective of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the storage space of the present invention with one panel removed;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the dust collector box structure of the present invention without the storage space;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the dust suppression device for the guide tunnel of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the dust suppression device in the guide tunnel of the present invention;

[0034] In the attached diagram: 1-Dust collection box, 11-Box body, 12-First air inlet, 13-First guide plate, 14-Upper guide plate, 15-Lower guide plate, 16-Second air inlet, 17-First air outlet, 18-Second guide plate, 19-Left guide plate, 20-Right guide plate, 21-Second air outlet, 22-Flow channel space, 23-Storage space, 24-Partition plate, 25-Partition strip, 26-Strip gap, 27-Sloping surface, 28-Arc-shaped guide plate, 2-Train tunnel, 3-Guide tunnel, 4-Support frame, 5-Support net, 6-Fixing plate, 7-Guide tunnel dust suppression device. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0036] Example 1:

[0037] See attached Figures 5-6 A dust suppression device for a tunnel based on train piston airflow includes several dust collection boxes 1. The dust collection boxes 1 are installed inside a tunnel 3 connecting to the train tunnel 2, and are arranged parallel to the sidewalls of the tunnel 3 while maintaining a certain gap. The dust collection boxes 1 utilize the train piston airflow as the power source for dust removal. As can be seen from the above structure, when a train travels at high speed through the tunnel, the originally relatively static airflow inside the tunnel is in a state of instantaneous compression. Part of the compressed airflow is pushed deeper into the tunnel by the train, and the other part flows into the fluid domain in the gap between the train and the tunnel wall. Therefore, a flowing airflow is formed inside the tunnel, which causes dust to fly around. By installing several dust collection boxes 1 inside the tunnel 3 connecting to the train tunnel 2 and using the train piston airflow as the power source for dust removal, the airflow carrying dust enters the dust collection box 1 from the front air inlet for dust removal, thus effectively utilizing the power source of the train piston airflow. The dust collector 1 is arranged parallel to the sidewall of the guide tunnel 3. The dust collector 1 is close to the sidewall of the guide tunnel 3 to avoid obstructing passage. The parallel arrangement of the dust collector 1 and the sidewall of the guide tunnel 3 with a certain gap prevents the air outlet at the rear of the dust collector 1 from being blocked, ensuring airflow through the dust collector 1 for dust removal. Furthermore, after dust exits from the air outlet at the rear of the dust collector 1, it is further agitated by the impact and obstruction of the guide tunnel sidewall, causing the dust to settle between the dust suppression device and the guide tunnel sidewall, facilitating centralized cleaning by workers. This invention utilizes the piston air of a train as the power source for dust suppression, requiring no electricity. The dust suppression process is energy-saving, low-cost, and safer, suitable for scenarios such as dust suppression in guide tunnels of coal transport trains. Here, "dust suppression" and "dust removal" both refer to reducing dust in the air; they are different expressions but have the same meaning and can be directly substituted.

[0038] Example 2:

[0039] See attached Figures 5-6Based on Embodiment 1, several dust collection boxes 1 are arranged in a matrix of several rows and columns; each column contains at least three dust collection boxes 1, and each row contains at least three dust collection boxes 1; the closer the dust collection boxes 1 in a row are to the entrance of the guide tunnel 3, the larger their volume; the farther the dust collection boxes 1 in a column are from the ground, the smaller their volume. As can be seen from the above structure, the matrix arrangement is similar to a 3x3 or 16x1 grid, with the dust collection boxes 1 placed sequentially inside the frame, tightly packed together to form a whole, facilitating transportation. The arrangement of several dust collection boxes 1 in a matrix of several rows and columns can be 4 rows and 4 columns, i.e., 16 dust collection boxes 1, or 3 rows and 5 columns, i.e., 15 dust collection boxes 1. Assuming that all dust collection boxes 1 are of the same size, the dust collection box 1 that collects the most dust will saturate the fastest, i.e., reach its failure period first. Workers need to clean this dust collection box 1 promptly; otherwise, the area will lose one dust collection box 1 that can collect dust. In reality, the other dust collectors 1 are not saturated, yet they require frequent maintenance by workers, leading to an increased maintenance frequency and higher costs for the entire dust suppression system in the guide tunnel. Within the same row of dust collectors 1, those closer to the entrance of the guide tunnel 3 collect more dust, thus requiring a larger design volume; conversely, within the same column of dust collectors 1, those further from the ground collect less dust, requiring a smaller design volume. Therefore, by rationally setting the capacity of different rows and columns of dust collectors, the difference in the time it takes for different dust collectors to reach their failure lifespan can be reduced, decreasing the frequency of manual maintenance and saving costs.

[0040] A three-month field test was conducted in the 42nd pilot tunnel of the Qinling Tunnel. When the dust collection boxes (1) were of uniform size, three measuring points were set up: measuring point 1, measuring point 2, and measuring point 3. The heights of measuring points 3, 2, and 1 increased sequentially, gradually moving further away from the entrance of the pilot tunnel. After three months, the total deposition at measuring points 1, 2, and 3 was 726.75g, with measuring point 1 collecting 170.8g, measuring point 2 collecting 270.7g, and measuring point 3 collecting 285.25g. This shows that the closer to the entrance of the pilot tunnel, the easier it is for dust collection box 1 to collect more dust; the further away from the ground, the less dust it collects, consistent with the design concept. This is because the disturbance of dust particles caused by trains passing through the pilot tunnel causes some particles to be lifted and captured and deposited within the dust collection box. Measurement point 1 mainly consists of moving particles with diameters mostly less than 0.15 mm; measurement point 2 mainly consists of fine sand and some medium sand particles with diameters between 0.15 mm and 0.28 mm, indicating that small-diameter particles are more likely to gain kinetic energy in the turbulent wind field and continue to suspend in the flow field; while measurement point 3 mainly consists of large-diameter particles with diameters greater than 0.28 mm. These particles, due to their own gravity, quickly detach from the inertial jump and creep along the ground, eventually settling. The closer to the entrance of the tunnel, the earlier the dust collector captures dust in the airflow. Therefore, the closer to the entrance of the tunnel, the easier it is for dust collector 1 to collect more dust, requiring a larger volume design.

[0041] In the same row, the dust collection boxes 1 are of equal height, and the wider the dust collection box 1 is, the closer it is to the entrance of the guide tunnel 3; in the same column, the width of the dust collection boxes 1 is similar, and the height of the dust collection boxes 1 is smaller the further away from the ground. This invention adopts the technical improvement of different widths and different heights of dust collection boxes in the same row and column, so as to achieve different volumes of dust collection boxes without affecting the side-by-side arrangement of dust collection boxes, forming an integrated guide tunnel dust suppression device, which is convenient for transporting the guide tunnel dust suppression device.

[0042] Example 3:

[0043] See attached Figures 1-4 Based on Embodiment 2, the dust collector 1 includes a housing 11; a first air inlet 12 is provided on the front side of the housing 11; a first guide plate 13 is provided on the first air inlet 12; the right end of the first guide plate 13 is connected to the right edge of the first air inlet 12, and the left end of the first guide plate 13 extends into the housing 11 relative to the front side of the housing 11. As can be seen from the above structure, the housing 11 is the outer shell of the dust collector 1. The airflow carrying dust starts from the first air inlet 12 on the front side of the housing 11 and is guided into the housing 11 by the first guide plate 13 for dust removal, facilitating the guidance of the dust-carrying airflow and achieving efficient dust removal. The left end of the first guide plate 13 extends into the housing 11 relative to the front side of the housing 11, preventing the front side of the housing 11 from protruding and ensuring that all housings 11 are on the same plane, facilitating subsequent assembly and fixing.

[0044] An upper guide plate 14 is connected to the upper end of the first guide plate 13 and the upper edge of the first air inlet 12, and a lower guide plate 15 is connected to the lower end of the first guide plate 13 and the lower edge of the first air inlet 12; a second air inlet 16 is provided between the left end of the first guide plate 13 and the left edge of the first air inlet 12; the second air inlet 16 faces the entrance of the guide hole 3; an arc-shaped guide plate 28 is provided on the second air inlet 16. As can be seen from the above structure, the air inlet part of the dust collector is provided with a first guide plate, an upper guide plate, a lower guide plate, an arc-shaped guide plate, etc., to guide the dust moving with the airflow and introduce it into the dust collector. The second air inlet 16 faces the entrance of the guide tunnel 3. The first air inlet 12 and the second air inlet 16 form a specially designed funnel, allowing the airflow carrying dust to enter from the larger first air inlet 12 and flow into the smaller second air inlet 16. This creates a structure where the large air inlet allows air to enter and the small air inlet locks in dust, preventing a large amount of dust moving with the airflow from escaping from the dust collection box and improving dust collection efficiency.

[0045] The rear side of the housing 11 is provided with a first air outlet 17; a second guide plate 18 is provided on the first air outlet 17; the lower end of the second guide plate 18 is connected to the lower edge of the second air inlet 16, and the upper end of the second guide plate 18 extends into the housing 11 relative to the rear side of the housing 11. As can be seen from the above structure, the second guide plate 18 is inclined, further increasing the upward travel of the airflow carrying dust and preventing dust from escaping from the first air outlet 17. The upper end of the second guide plate 18 extends into the housing 11 relative to the rear side of the housing 11, ensuring that the rear side of the housing 11 does not protrude, and keeping all the housings 11 on a single plane, facilitating subsequent assembly and fixing.

[0046] A left guide plate 19 is connected to the left end of the second guide plate 18 and the left edge of the first air outlet 17, and a right guide plate 20 is connected to the right end of the second guide plate 18 and the right edge of the first air outlet 17; a second air outlet 21 is provided between the upper end of the second guide plate 18 and the upper edge of the first air outlet 17. As can be seen from the above structure, the dust collector's outlet section is equipped with a second guide plate, a left guide plate, and a right guide plate to guide the dust moving with the airflow, causing it to impact the sidewall of the guide tunnel and slide down to settle, thus improving dust removal efficiency. As the airflow moves from the second air outlet 21 to the first air outlet 17, the opening widens and the airflow speed decreases, making it easier for the dust to impact the sidewall of the guide tunnel and then fall onto the second guide plate 18, sliding down to the ground and settling. Because the gap between the sidewall of the guide tunnel and the housing is relatively small, it is not easily blown up again by the airflow. When dust removal is required, the entire dust collection device can be disassembled and moved outside for cleaning, and the settled dust behind the dust collection device can be directly swept away. If the dust suppression device in the tunnel is not completely dismantled, a long, thin planer with a scraper can be used to scrape off and clean the settled dust behind the device.

[0047] The housing 11 has an internal flow channel space 22 and a storage space 23. The flow channel space 22 is located above the storage space 23. The second air inlet 16 and the second air outlet 21 are connected to the flow channel space 22. The flow channel space 22 has several staggered partitions 24, forming a curved flow channel. The flow channel space 22 and the storage space 23 have several horizontally arranged partitions 25. There are strip gaps 26 between adjacent partitions 25. Each partition 25 includes two inclined surfaces 27 connected at the top, and the top of the partition 25 protrudes upward. As can be seen from the above structure, the airflow carrying dust enters the flow channel space 22 from the second air inlet 16, flows through the curved flow channel formed by the partitions 24, and the dust continuously hits the partitions 24 and falls onto the partitions 25. It then slides into the strip gaps 26 through the inclined surfaces 27, where the dust is locked in the storage space 23. The airflow then flows out from the second air outlet 21. The dust collection box is divided into upper and lower parts. The upper part allows the dust to move in a roundabout way, impact and slow down as it falls, while the lower part collects the dust and locks it in place by several horizontally arranged partitions.

[0048] Example 4:

[0049] See attached Figures 5-6 Based on Embodiment 3, it also includes a support frame 4 and a support net 5; the support frame 4 encloses an accommodating space, and the support net 5 connects the support frames 4; the dust collection box 1 is located in the accommodating space; the support net 5 is used to constrain the dust collection box 1; the bottom of the support frame 4 is provided with four fixing plates 6; the fixing plates 6 are provided with bolt holes; the bolt holes are used to pass through anchor bolts. From the above structure, it can be seen that the support frame 4, as the supporting skeleton of the accommodating space, supports the support net 5, the support net 5 fixes the dust collection boxes 1 arranged side by side, and the support frame 4 is fixed to the ground by anchor bolts to prevent the airflow from blowing the dust collection box 1 away.

[0050] Example 5:

[0051] See attached Figure 6 Based on Example 4, the dust suppression device arrangement method employs several guide tunnel dust suppression devices 7 as described above, based on train piston wind. These guide tunnel dust suppression devices 7 are arranged alternately along the two side walls of the guide tunnel 3. At least three guide tunnel dust suppression devices 7 are installed on the side wall of each guide tunnel 3. The closer to the entrance of the guide tunnel 3, the smaller the distance between two adjacent guide tunnel dust suppression devices 7 on the same side wall. The closer to the entrance of the guide tunnel, the sooner the dust collector 1 captures dust in the airflow. Therefore, the closer to the entrance of the guide tunnel, the easier it is for the dust collector 1 to collect more dust. The smaller the distance between two adjacent guide tunnel dust suppression devices 7 on the same side wall, the more dust can be sucked in. This reduces the difference in the time it takes for each guide tunnel dust suppression device to reach its failure life, reduces the frequency of manual maintenance, and saves costs.

[0052] Working Principle: When a train travels at high speed through a tunnel, the previously relatively static airflow inside the tunnel is momentarily compressed. Part of the compressed airflow is pushed deeper into the tunnel by the train, while the other part flows into the fluid space between the train and the tunnel wall. Therefore, a flowing airflow is formed inside the tunnel, causing dust to be stirred up. The dust-laden airflow preferentially enters the dust collection box near the tunnel entrance. Starting from the first air inlet 12 on the front side of the box 11, structures such as the first guide plate, upper guide plate, lower guide plate, and arc-shaped guide plate guide the dust moving with the airflow, leading it into the dust collection box through the second air inlet 16. The dust-laden airflow enters the flow channel space 22 from the second air inlet 16, flows through the curved flow channel formed by the partition 24, and the dust continuously impacts the partition 24, falling onto the partition strips 25. It then slides through the inclined surface 27 into the strip gap 26, where the dust is locked in the storage space 23. Finally, the airflow flows out from the second air outlet 21. As the airflow widens from the second outlet 21 to the first outlet 17, the airflow velocity decreases, making it easier for the air to impact the sidewall of the guide tunnel and then fall onto the second guide plate 18, eventually sliding down and settling on the ground. Because the gap between the guide tunnel sidewall and the housing is relatively small, the airflow doesn't easily re-blow the dust. When cleaning is needed, the entire guide tunnel dust suppression device can be disassembled and moved outside for cleaning, allowing the settled dust behind it to be swept away directly. If the dust suppression device is not disassembled, a thin, long planer with a scraper can be used to scrape away the settled dust behind it. This invention utilizes the piston air from a train as the dust suppression power source, requiring no electricity. The dust suppression process is energy-saving, low-cost, and safer, making it suitable for scenarios such as dust suppression in guide tunnels of coal transport trains. By rationally setting the capacity of different rows of dust collectors, the difference in the time it takes for different dust collectors to reach their failure life is reduced. By setting different spacing between the guide tunnel dust suppression devices, the difference in the time it takes for each dust collector to reach its failure life is reduced, decreasing the frequency of manual maintenance and saving costs.

[0053] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust suppression device for tunnels based on train piston wind, characterized in that: It includes several dust collection boxes (1); the dust collection boxes (1) are set in the guide tunnel (3) connecting the train tunnel (2), and the dust collection boxes (1) are set parallel to the side wall of the guide tunnel (3) and maintain a certain gap; the dust collection boxes (1) use the train piston wind as the dust removal power source.

2. The dust suppression device for tunnels based on train piston wind according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several dust collection boxes (1) are arranged in a matrix into several rows and columns; each column of dust collection boxes (1) has at least three, and each row of dust collection boxes (1) has at least three; the dust collection boxes (1) in the same row are closer to the entrance of the guide hole (3) with larger volume, and the dust collection boxes (1) in the same column are farther away from the ground with smaller volume.

3. The dust suppression device for tunnels based on train piston wind according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dust collection boxes (1) in the same row are of equal height, and the dust collection box (1) closer to the entrance of the guide hole (3) is wider; the dust collection boxes (1) in the same column are of equal width, and the dust collection box (1) further away from the ground is smaller in height.

4. The dust suppression device for tunnels based on train piston wind according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dust collection box (1) includes a box body (11); the front side of the box body (11) is provided with a first air inlet (12); the first air inlet (12) is provided with a first guide plate (13); the right end of the first guide plate (13) is connected to the right edge of the first air inlet (12), and the left end of the first guide plate (13) extends into the box body (11) relative to the front side of the box body (11).

5. The dust suppression device for tunnels based on train piston wind according to claim 4, characterized in that: An upper guide plate (14) is connected to the upper edge of the first guide plate (13) and the first air inlet (12), and a lower guide plate (15) is connected to the lower edge of the first guide plate (13) and the first air inlet (12); a second air inlet (16) is provided between the left end of the first guide plate (13) and the left edge of the first air inlet (12); the second air inlet (16) faces the entrance of the guide hole (3); an arc-shaped guide plate (28) is provided on the second air inlet (16).

6. The dust suppression device for tunnels based on train piston wind according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rear side of the housing (11) is provided with a first air outlet (17); the first air outlet (17) is provided with a second guide plate (18); the lower end of the second guide plate (18) is connected to the lower edge of the second air inlet (16), and the upper end of the second guide plate (18) extends into the housing (11) relative to the rear side of the housing (11).

7. The dust suppression device for tunnels based on train piston wind according to claim 6, characterized in that: A left guide plate (19) is connected to the left end of the second guide plate (18) and the left edge of the first air outlet (17), and a right guide plate (20) is connected to the right end of the second guide plate (18) and the right edge of the first air outlet (17); a second air outlet (21) is provided between the upper end of the second guide plate (18) and the upper edge of the first air outlet (17).

8. The dust suppression device for tunnels based on train piston wind according to claim 7, characterized in that: The housing (11) has a flow channel space (22) and a storage space (23) inside; the flow channel space (22) is located above the storage space (23); the second air inlet (16) and the second air outlet (21) are respectively connected to the flow channel space (22); the flow channel space (22) is provided with a number of staggered partitions (24) to form a curved flow channel; a number of horizontally arranged partitions (25) are provided between the flow channel space (22) and the storage space (23); a strip gap (26) is provided between adjacent partitions (25); the partition (25) includes two inclined surfaces (27) connected at the top, and the top of the partition (25) protrudes upward.

9. The dust suppression device for tunnels based on train piston wind according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: It also includes a support frame (4) and a support net (5); the support frame (4) encloses an accommodating space, and the support net (5) connects the support frames (4); the dust collector (1) is located in the accommodating space; the support net (5) is used to constrain the dust collector (1); the bottom of the support frame (4) is provided with four fixing plates (6); the fixing plates (6) are provided with bolt holes; the bolt holes are used to insert anchor bolts.

10. A method for arranging dust suppression devices, characterized in that: Several dust suppression devices (7) based on train piston wind as described in claim 8 are used; several dust suppression devices (7) are arranged alternately along the two side walls of the guide tunnel (3); at least three dust suppression devices (7) are provided on the side wall of each guide tunnel (3); the closer the two adjacent dust suppression devices (7) are to the entrance of the guide tunnel (3), the smaller the distance between them.

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