A cylinder liner and a hydraulic cylinder using the same.

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of hydraulic cylinder technology. It discloses a cylinder liner and a hydraulic cylinder using the same. The invention features a cylinder liner that is interference-fitted and fixed inside the cylinder housing. An embedded groove is provided at the bottom of the cylinder liner for mounting and fixing an annular elastic buffer assembly. A limiting sealing boss is provided at the connection between the piston and piston rod to improve assembly sealing and contact stability. An adaptive fitting support mechanism is provided inside the buffer assembly. Through the mechanical linkage of an arc-shaped pad, a telescopic rack, a gear lever, and a slide rail, the piston end can automatically correct coaxiality when pressing the pad, and drive the rack to move outward and press against the groove wall, forming a force-locking structure, effectively solving the problem of the buffer assembly easily loosening due to long-term impact. Simultaneously, relying on the adaptive deformation energy absorption of the elastic assembly, flexible buffering at the end of the stroke is achieved, eliminating rigid impact noise and vibration. This invention has a compact structure and high stability, effectively avoiding piston wear and cylinder jamming, and extending the service life of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydraulic cylinder technology, specifically to a cylinder liner and a hydraulic cylinder using the same. Background Technology

[0002] As a core actuator in automated equipment and engineering machinery, hydraulic cylinders rely on the reciprocating linear motion of pistons to achieve power output. Their operational stability and buffering performance directly determine the equipment's operational accuracy and service life.

[0003] Existing conventional hydraulic cylinder liners are mostly single, smooth cylindrical structures, lacking dedicated end-effector mechanical buffers and self-aligning mechanisms. This makes the piston prone to rigid impacts at the stroke limits during high-frequency reciprocating motion, generating significant impact loads and operating noise. Long-term impact can easily lead to uneven wear of the cylinder liner inner wall, damage to the sealing structure due to compression, and loosening of connecting parts, causing structural fatigue damage, significantly reducing cylinder lifespan, and increasing equipment failure rates and maintenance costs.

[0004] Meanwhile, traditional hydraulic cylinders cannot adaptively compensate for piston eccentricity and assembly errors, leading to radial displacement and slippage / jamming of the piston, which severely affects the machining accuracy of precision equipment. Existing electronically controlled buffers and throttling buffers suffer from high failure rates, poor adaptability, and limited buffering effects, making it difficult to simultaneously meet the requirements of quiet operation, stable buffering, anti-wear, and anti-loosening. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a purely mechanical adaptive buffering system with an automatically centering and locking cylinder liner and hydraulic cylinder structure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cylinder liner and a hydraulic cylinder using the same, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a cylinder liner and a hydraulic cylinder using the same, comprising a cylinder housing, a cylinder liner body, a piston, a piston rod, and an annular elastic buffer assembly, wherein the cylinder liner body is interference-fitted into the cylinder housing and the two are coaxially fixed without relative movement; The piston is slidably assembled in the hollow inner cavity of the cylinder liner body, and the end of the piston rod is fixedly connected to the center position of the piston, and can slide synchronously with the piston. The bottom inner side of the cylinder liner body is provided with an embedded groove, which is an annular limiting groove structure. The annular elastic buffer component is fixedly embedded in the embedded groove to achieve a loose pre-installed fixation. The connection between the piston and the piston rod is provided with a limiting sealing boss. The outer diameter of the limiting sealing boss is larger than the central assembly hole diameter of the piston, and the outer side is slidably set to fit against the inner wall of the cylinder liner body. When the piston reciprocates to its limit position, its bottom end face presses vertically against the annular elastic buffer assembly, forming a buffer fit structure that absorbs energy and provides final buffering. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the annular elastic buffer assembly includes an elastic buffer rubber ring, and an adaptive fitting support assembly is coaxially mounted on the inner side of the elastic buffer rubber ring. The bottom end of the adaptive fitting support assembly is fixedly fitted to the bottom of the embedded groove of the cylinder liner body, which is used to center and support the elastic buffer rubber ring, adaptively fit and limit its position, and improve the overall stability of the buffer structure.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adaptive fitting support component includes an annular support frame. The bottom end of the annular support frame is provided with multiple sets of telescopic rack mechanisms in an annular array. Each set of telescopic rack mechanisms has an arc-shaped fitting pad fixed to its inner end. The multiple sets of arc-shaped fitting pads surround to form an annular structure, and the inner arc surface is adapted to and fits the gap with the outer wall of the piston bottom end to achieve piston centering and limiting.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each set of telescopic rack mechanisms is fixedly connected to an anti-slip limiting pad at its outer end. The outer end face of the anti-slip limiting pad is in close contact with the inner wall of the embedded groove. The anti-slip limiting pad is made of high-hardness wear-resistant rubber material and has both anti-slip limiting and buffering / noise reduction functions, which can effectively prevent radial displacement and structural loosening of the support frame during operation.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the tooth surfaces of each set of telescopic rack mechanisms are meshed with angle adjustment gears, and the central axis of each angle adjustment gear is rotatably connected to an adjustable movable rocker arm. Multiple adjustable movable rocker arms are hinged end to end along the center circumference of the annular support frame, forming a ring of hinged connecting rods.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each angle adjusting gear is symmetrically connected to a positioning connecting rod on both the left and right sides, and the upper and lower ends of each positioning connecting rod are fixedly connected to the inner sidewall of the annular support frame; a linear slide rail is embedded at the bottom position between two adjacent sets of positioning connecting rods, and the bottom of the telescopic rack mechanism is slidably engaged inside the linear slide rail, so as to realize the smooth extension and retraction of the rack without jamming or displacement.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer annular end face of the annular support frame is tightly fitted and fixed to the inner sidewall of the elastic buffer ring. The annular support frame adopts a composite structure of a rigid frame and a flexible covering layer. The rigid frame ensures the overall support strength, while the flexible covering layer can adapt to the deformation of the elastic buffer ring and does not limit the elastic energy absorption effect of the buffer structure.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the groove wall and the bottom of the embedded groove are provided with anti-slip and wear-resistant textures, and the corners of the embedded groove adopt a rounded transition structure; the embedded groove and the annular elastic buffer component are fixed by a double method of interference fit and structural snap-fit.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: A cylinder liner and a hydraulic cylinder using the same are disclosed. An adaptive fitting support assembly is provided inside an annular elastic buffer component, with multiple sets of arc-shaped fitting pads arranged in a ring around it. Under normal conditions, these pads form a gap-fitting structure with the outer wall of the piston bottom. When the piston descends and approaches the end of its stroke, the outer wall of the piston precisely fits and presses against the inner surface of the multiple sets of arc-shaped fitting pads. This circumferential multi-point fitting and limiting action automatically corrects the piston's coaxiality, effectively offsetting radial offset, assembly deviation, and load eccentricity issues caused by the piston's reciprocating motion. This avoids defects such as one-sided piston friction, uneven wear of the cylinder liner inner wall, and cylinder jamming.

[0014] A cylinder liner and a hydraulic cylinder using the same are disclosed. When the piston presses the inner surface of an arc-shaped fitting pad, the arc-shaped fitting pad directly drives the fixedly connected telescopic rack mechanism to move outward, thereby pushing the anti-slip limiting pad at the outer end of the telescopic rack mechanism to tightly press against the inner wall of the embedded groove. Based on this mechanical linkage structure, the greater the piston impact load on the cylinder, the stronger the clamping force between the anti-slip limiting pad and the embedded groove, forming a dynamic self-locking reinforcement structure.

[0015] A cylinder liner and a hydraulic cylinder using the same are disclosed. During the translational movement of a telescopic rack mechanism under force, the meshing of the gear teeth drives an angle-adjusting gear to adaptively rotate around the center of an adjustable movable rocker arm, achieving dynamic matching and adjustment between the rack's extension stroke and the gear angle. Simultaneously, the adjustable movable rocker arm is arranged circumferentially at the center of the annular support frame and is clamped and limited by positioning connecting rods on both sides, ensuring the stability of the gear's rotation center without wobbling or deviation. Furthermore, the bottom of the telescopic rack mechanism slides in contact with a linear guide rail throughout its entire movement. The limiting and guiding effect of the linear guide rail restricts the rack's vertical movement and lateral deviation, ensuring smooth, precise, and jam-free extension and retraction of each set of telescopic rack mechanisms, guaranteeing the long-term stable operation of the entire adaptive support and locking mechanism.

[0016] A cylinder liner and a hydraulic cylinder using the same are disclosed. The cylinder liner employs a composite structure design with a rigid frame and a flexible covering layer, utilizing a ring-shaped support skeleton. The rigid frame provides a stable support reference for the overall buffer assembly, ensuring structural load-bearing strength. The flexible covering layer adapts and deforms to the elastic deformation of the elastic buffer ring, without restricting its energy-absorbing and buffering action, perfectly balancing structural rigidity and buffer flexibility. Simultaneously, the embedded groove features anti-slip and wear-resistant textures and a rounded transition structure. Combined with a dual fixing method of interference fit and structural locking, along with the aforementioned self-locking linkage structure, this comprehensively prevents the buffer assembly from loosening, wearing, falling off, and stress concentration damage under long-term high-frequency impacts. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front and side structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal connection relationship of the cylinder housing of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the embedded groove and the annular elastic buffer component of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting sealing boss of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall outer surface of the annular elastic buffer assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall inner surface of the annular elastic buffer assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive bonding support component of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the outer perimeter of the annular support frame of the present invention; Figure 9 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0018] In the diagram: 10, cylinder housing; 20, cylinder liner body; 201, embedded groove; 2011, one-way ratchet; 30, piston; 301, limiting sealing boss; 40, piston rod; 50, annular elastic buffer assembly; 501, elastic buffer rubber ring; 502, self-adaptive fitting support assembly; 5021, annular support frame; 5022, telescopic rack mechanism; 5023, arc-shaped fitting pad; 5024, anti-slip limiting pad; 50241, elastic latch; 5025, angle adjustment gear; 5026, adjustable movable rocker arm; 5027, positioning connecting rod; 5028, linear slide rail. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example: Please refer to Figure 1-2 A cylinder liner and a hydraulic cylinder using the same, comprising a cylinder housing 10, a cylinder liner body 20, a piston 30, a piston rod 40, and an annular elastic buffer assembly 50, wherein the cylinder liner body 20 is interference-fitted into the cylinder housing 10 and the two are coaxially fixed without relative movement. The piston 30 is slidably assembled in the hollow inner cavity of the cylinder liner body 20, and the end of the piston rod 40 is fixedly connected to the center position of the piston 30, and can slide synchronously with the piston 30. The cylinder liner body 20 has an embedded groove 201 on the inner side of its bottom end. The embedded groove 201 is an annular limiting groove structure. The annular elastic buffer component 50 is limited and fixed inside the embedded groove 201 to achieve a secure pre-installation without loosening. The connection between the piston 30 and the piston rod 40 is provided with a limiting sealing boss 301. The outer diameter of the limiting sealing boss 301 is larger than the central assembly hole diameter of the piston 30, and the outer side is slidably set to fit against the inner wall of the cylinder liner body 20. The limiting sealing boss 301 has the functions of axial limiting, radial sealing and buffering, which can effectively block the assembly gap between piston 30 and piston rod 40, prevent hydraulic oil from seeping into the connection gap, and increase the contact area of ​​the piston 30 end abutting the buffer structure to improve buffering stability. When the piston 30 reciprocates to the limit position of its stroke, its bottom end face presses vertically against the annular elastic buffer assembly 50 to form a buffer fit structure that absorbs energy and buffers the final impact. The annular elastic buffer assembly 50 can adaptively undergo slight elastic deformation according to different impact loads on the piston 30, quickly absorb the impact kinetic energy of the reciprocating motion of the piston 30, effectively offset the rigid impact force, and achieve efficient absorption and release of buffer energy.

[0021] Example 2: Based on Example 1, as follows Figure 3-8As shown, the annular elastic buffer assembly 50 includes an elastic buffer ring 501. An adaptive fitting support assembly 502 is coaxially mounted on the inner side of the elastic buffer ring 501. The bottom end of the adaptive fitting support assembly 502 is fixedly fitted to the bottom of the recessed groove 201 of the cylinder liner body 20, serving to center and support the elastic buffer ring 501, and to adaptively fit and limit its movement, thereby improving the overall stability of the buffer structure. By setting the adaptive fitting support assembly 502 inside the annular elastic buffer assembly 50, multiple sets of arc-shaped fitting pads 5023 are arranged in a ring, forming a gap-fitting structure with the outer wall of the bottom end of the piston 30 under normal conditions. When the piston 30 descends and approaches the end of its stroke, the outer wall of the piston 30 precisely fits and presses against the inner surface of multiple sets of arc-shaped fitting pads 5023. The circumferential multi-point fitting and limiting effect automatically corrects the coaxiality of the piston 30, effectively offsetting the radial offset, assembly deviation and load eccentricity problems caused by the reciprocating motion of the piston 30, and avoiding defects such as one-sided friction of the piston 30, uneven wear of the cylinder liner inner wall and cylinder jamming.

[0022] The adaptive fitting support assembly 502 includes an annular support frame 5021. The bottom end of the annular support frame 5021 is arranged in an annular array with multiple sets of telescopic rack mechanisms 5022. Each set of telescopic rack mechanisms 5022 has an arc-shaped fitting pad 5023 on its inner end. The inner end of each set of telescopic rack mechanisms 5022 is fixed to the rear end of the arc-shaped fitting pad 5023. The multiple sets of arc-shaped fitting pads 5023 form an annular structure. The inner arc surface is adapted to and fits the gap with the outer wall of the bottom end of the piston 30, so as to realize the centering and limiting of the piston 30.

[0023] Each set of telescopic rack mechanisms 5022 has an anti-slip limiting pad 5024 at its outer end, and the outer end of each set of telescopic rack mechanisms 5022 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the anti-slip limiting pad 5024. The outer end face of the anti-slip limiting pad 5024 is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the embedded groove 201. The anti-slip limiting pad 5024 is made of high-hardness wear-resistant rubber material, which has the functions of anti-slip limiting, buffering and noise reduction, and can effectively prevent radial displacement and structural loosening of the support frame during operation. When the piston 30 presses the inner surface of the arc-shaped fitting pad 5023, the arc-shaped fitting pad 5023 can directly drive the fixedly connected telescopic rack mechanism 5022 to move outward, thereby pushing the anti-slip limiting pad 5024 at the outer end of the telescopic rack mechanism 5022 to tightly press against the inner wall of the embedded groove 201. Based on this mechanical linkage structure, the greater the impact load on the piston 30 of the oil cylinder, the stronger the clamping force between the anti-slip limiting pad 5024 and the embedded groove 201, forming a dynamic self-locking reinforcement structure.

[0024] Each set of telescopic rack mechanisms 5022 has an angle-adjusting gear 5025 on its tooth surface, and the tooth surface of each set of telescopic rack mechanisms 5022 meshes with the outer surface of the angle-adjusting gear 5025. Each angle-adjusting gear 5025 has an adjustable movable rocker arm 5026 on its central axis, and the central axis of each angle-adjusting gear 5025 is rotatably connected to the center of the adjustable movable rocker arm 5026. Multiple adjustable movable rocker arms 5026 are hinged end to end along the circumferential direction of the center of the annular support frame 5021, forming a ring of hinged connecting rods.

[0025] Each angle-adjusting gear 5025 has a positioning connecting rod 5027 on both its left and right sides, and the left and right sides of each angle-adjusting gear 5025 are symmetrically connected to the inner side of the positioning connecting rod 5027. The upper and lower ends of each positioning connecting rod 5027 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular support frame 5021. A linear slide rail 5028 is embedded at the bottom position between two adjacent sets of positioning connecting rods 5027. The bottom of the telescopic rack mechanism 5022 is slidably engaged inside the linear slide rail 5028, realizing smooth extension and retraction of the rack without jamming or displacement. During the translation of the telescopic rack mechanism 5022 under force, the angle-adjusting gear 5025 can be adaptively rotated around the center of the adjustable movable rocker arm 5026 by the meshing of the tooth surfaces, realizing the dynamic matching and adjustment of the rack extension stroke and gear angle. Meanwhile, the adjustable movable rocker arm 5026 is arranged circumferentially at the center of the annular support frame 5021, and is clamped and limited by the positioning connecting rods 5027 on both sides, which can always keep the rotation center of the gear stable without shaking or deviation. In addition, the bottom of the telescopic rack mechanism 5022 slides in contact with the linear slide rail 5028 throughout the entire process. Through the limiting and guiding effect of the linear slide rail 5028, the rack is restricted from moving up and down or shifting left and right, ensuring that the telescopic rack mechanism 5022 moves smoothly, accurately, and without jamming, and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the entire adaptive support and locking mechanism.

[0026] The outer annular end face of the annular support frame 5021 is tightly fitted and fixed to the inner sidewall of the elastic buffer ring 501. The annular support frame 5021 adopts a composite structure of rigid frame and flexible covering layer. The rigid frame ensures the overall support strength, and the flexible covering layer can adapt to the deformation of the elastic buffer ring 501, without limiting the elastic energy absorption effect of the buffer structure.

[0027] The recessed groove 201 has anti-slip and wear-resistant textures on both its walls and bottom, and its corners are rounded. The recessed groove 201 and the annular elastic buffer assembly 50 are fixed using a dual method of interference fit and structural locking. The annular support frame 5021 employs a composite structure design with a rigid frame and a flexible covering layer. The rigid frame provides a stable support base for the entire buffer assembly, ensuring structural load-bearing strength. The flexible covering layer adapts to the elastic deformation of the elastic buffer ring 501, without restricting its energy-absorbing and buffering action, perfectly balancing structural rigidity and buffer flexibility. Simultaneously, the recessed groove 201 features anti-slip and wear-resistant textures and a rounded transition structure, combined with the dual fixing method of interference fit and structural locking, and the aforementioned self-locking linkage structure, comprehensively preventing loosening, wear, detachment, and stress concentration damage to the buffer assembly under long-term high-frequency impact.

[0028] The working principle of this invention is as follows: When the hydraulic cylinder is assembled as a whole, the cylinder liner body 20 is interference-fitted and fixed inside the cylinder housing 10 and remains coaxial without relative movement. The piston 30 is slidably assembled in the hollow inner cavity of the cylinder liner body 20. The end of the piston rod 40 is fixedly connected to the center of the piston 30 and can follow the piston 30 to achieve synchronous reciprocating sliding. A limiting sealing boss 301 is integrally set at the connection between the piston 30 and the piston rod 40. The outer diameter of the limiting sealing boss 301 is larger than the center assembly hole diameter of the piston 30 and its outer side always slides against the inner wall of the cylinder liner body 20. It can effectively seal the assembly gap between the piston 30 and the piston rod 40, prevent hydraulic oil from seeping into the connection gap, and at the same time improve the stability of the subsequent end buffer contact by relying on its own large end face area. The cylinder liner body 20 has an embedded groove 201 with an annular limiting groove structure on the inner side of the bottom end. The annular elastic buffer component 50 is fixedly embedded in the embedded groove 201 to achieve a secure pre-installation without loosening. The annular elastic buffer component 50 is coaxially mounted with an adaptive fitting support component 502 on the inner side of the annular elastic buffer component 50. During normal operation, the piston 30 slides smoothly back and forth inside the cylinder liner body 20. When the piston 30 slides down to the limit position of its stroke, the outer wall of the bottom end of the piston 30 gradually fits and squeezes the inner surface of the multiple sets of arc-shaped fitting pads 5023 arranged in annular array in the adaptive fitting support component 502. The circumferential multi-point encircling fitting effect of the multiple sets of arc-shaped fitting pads 5023 is used to automatically correct the coaxiality of the piston 30's operation, and to offset the radial offset, equipment assembly deviation and load eccentricity problems generated during the reciprocating motion of the piston 30. This effectively avoids unilateral friction of the piston 30, uneven wear of the inner wall of the cylinder liner body 20, and cylinder jamming. When the piston 30 continuously presses against the arc-shaped fitting pad 5023, the arc-shaped fitting pad 5023, under force, drives the telescopic rack mechanism 5022 fixedly connected at the rear end to move outward, thereby pushing the anti-slip limiting pad 5024 fixed at the outer end of the telescopic rack mechanism 5022 to tightly press against the inner wall of the embedded groove 201, forming a dynamic self-locking reinforcement effect with a larger load and stronger clamping force, effectively preventing the annular elastic buffer component 50 from radial displacement, loosening or even falling off due to impact, and improving the overall structural installation stability; the one-way ratchet 2011 is made of 40Cr alloy structural steel or 42CrMo high-strength alloy steel. After processing, the meshing surface of the one-way ratchet 2011 is subjected to high-frequency induction hardening treatment to ensure the toughness of the core and prevent brittle fracture. As a static passive force-bearing component, the ratchet needs extremely high surface hardness to resist the wear caused by the long-term sliding engagement of the elastic latch 50241. At the same time, the core needs to retain toughness to withstand the huge radial force transmitted by the piston 30. The elastic latch 50241 is made of 65Mn spring steel or 60Si2MnA silicon-manganese spring steel. After forming, it undergoes quenching and medium-temperature tempering to obtain a tempered troostite structure, which has high yield strength and elastic limit. The elastic latch 50241, as an independent metal insert, is directly embedded and fixed in the internal skeleton of the anti-slip limiting pad 5024 through a vulcanization process. The engaging end of the elastic latch 50241 extends out of the surface of the rubber pad. The structure of the one-way ratchet 2011 and the elastic latch 50241 utilizes the kinetic energy of the piston 30 impact. Even when the friction coefficient is reduced due to oil lubrication, it can ensure absolute locking reliability and prevent the annular elastic buffer assembly 50 from loosening under long-term high-frequency impact.

[0029] While the telescopic rack mechanism 5022 moves outward, the tooth surface of the telescopic rack mechanism 5022 maintains meshing transmission with the angle adjustment gear 5025, driving the angle adjustment gear 5025 to rotate adaptively around the center of the adjustable movable rocker arm 5026, realizing the dynamic matching and adjustment of the rack telescopic stroke and the gear rotation angle. The adjustable movable rocker arm 5026 is arranged in a circumferential connection at the center of the inner side of the ring support frame 5021, and the positioning connecting rods 5027 symmetrically connected on both sides of the angle adjustment gear 5025 form a clamping limit on the gear as a whole, so that the rotation center of the gear always remains stable without shaking or deviation. Meanwhile, the bottom of the telescopic rack mechanism 5022 is fully slidably engaged with the linear slide rail 5028 embedded between the adjacent positioning connecting rods 5027. The guide and limiting function of the linear slide rail 5028 restricts the vertical movement and horizontal deviation of the telescopic rack mechanism 5022 during operation, ensuring that the telescopic rack mechanism 5022 moves smoothly, accurately and without jamming, and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the entire adaptive fitting support component 502 linkage mechanism. After the piston 30 reaches the end of its stroke, its bottom end face presses vertically against the annular elastic buffer component 50. The annular elastic buffer component 50 can adaptively undergo slight elastic deformation according to the different impact loads of the piston 30, quickly absorbing the impact kinetic energy generated by the reciprocating motion of the piston 30, and efficiently offsetting the rigid impact force at the end of the piston 30's stroke, thus achieving the absorption and release of impact energy. At the same time, the annular support frame 5021 adopts a composite structure of a rigid frame and a flexible covering layer. The rigid frame provides a stable load-bearing support benchmark for the entire adaptive fitting support component 502, ensuring the overall strength of the structure. The flexible covering layer can adaptively fit and deform with the elastic deformation of the elastic buffer ring 501, without constraining or limiting the energy absorption and buffering action of the elastic buffer ring 501, perfectly balancing the rigid support and flexible buffering performance of the structure. With the anti-slip and wear-resistant texture and rounded corner transition structure set on the groove wall and bottom of the embedded groove 201, combined with the double fixing method of interference fit and structural snap-fit ​​between the embedded groove 201 and the annular elastic buffer component 50, and the aforementioned dynamic self-locking linkage structure, the problem of loosening, wear, falling off and stress concentration damage of the buffer component under long-term high-frequency impact conditions is completely avoided. This ensures the comprehensive working effect of adaptive deceleration at the end of the cylinder, buffering and energy absorption, noise reduction and vibration prevention, and anti-wear and anti-loosening.

[0030] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cylinder liner and a hydraulic cylinder using the same, comprising a cylinder housing (10), a cylinder liner body (20), a piston (30), a piston rod (40), and an annular elastic buffer assembly (50), characterized in that: The cylinder liner body (20) is interference-fitted into the cylinder housing (10) and the two are coaxially fixed without relative movement; The piston (30) is slidably assembled in the hollow inner cavity of the cylinder liner body (20), and the end of the piston rod (40) is fixedly connected to the center position of the piston (30) and can slide back and forth synchronously with the piston (30). The cylinder liner body (20) has an embedded groove (201) on the inner side of its bottom end. The embedded groove (201) is an annular limiting groove structure. The annular elastic buffer component (50) is fixedly embedded in the embedded groove (201) to achieve a secure pre-installation without loosening. The connection between the piston (30) and the piston rod (40) is provided with a limiting sealing boss (301). The outer diameter of the limiting sealing boss (301) is larger than the central assembly hole diameter of the piston (30), and the outer side is slidably set against the inner wall of the cylinder liner body (20). When the piston (30) slides back and forth to the limit position of its stroke, its bottom end face presses vertically against the annular elastic buffer assembly (50) to form a buffer fit structure for elastic energy absorption and final buffering.

2. The cylinder liner and hydraulic cylinder using the same as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The annular elastic buffer assembly (50) includes an elastic buffer rubber ring (501). An adaptive fitting support assembly (502) is coaxially mounted on the inner side of the elastic buffer rubber ring (501). The bottom end of the adaptive fitting support assembly (502) is fixedly fitted to the bottom of the recessed groove (201) of the cylinder liner body (20) for centering support and adaptive fitting limit of the elastic buffer rubber ring (501).

3. A cylinder liner and a hydraulic cylinder using the same as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The adaptive fitting support component (502) includes an annular support frame (5021). The bottom end of the annular support frame (5021) is provided with multiple sets of telescopic rack mechanisms (5022). Each set of telescopic rack mechanisms (5022) has an arc-shaped fitting pad (5023) fixed on its inner end. The multiple sets of arc-shaped fitting pads (5023) surround to form an annular structure, and the inner arc surface is adapted to and fits the gap with the outer wall of the bottom end of the piston (30).

4. A cylinder liner and a hydraulic cylinder using the same as described in claim 3, characterized in that: Each telescopic rack mechanism (5022) is fixedly connected to an anti-slip limiting pad (5024) at its outer end. The outer end face of the anti-slip limiting pad (5024) is tightly fitted to the inner groove wall of the embedded groove (201). The anti-slip limiting pad (5024) is made of high-hardness wear-resistant rubber.

5. A cylinder liner and a hydraulic cylinder using the same as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: Each set of telescopic rack mechanisms (5022) has an angle adjustment gear (5025) meshing with its tooth surface. The central axis of each angle adjustment gear (5025) is rotatably connected to an adjustable movable rocker arm (5026). Multiple adjustable movable rocker arms (5026) are hinged end to end along the circumferential direction of the center of the annular support frame (5021) to form a ring of hinged connecting rods.

6. A cylinder liner and a hydraulic cylinder using the same as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: Each of the angle adjusting gears (5025) is symmetrically connected to a positioning connecting rod (5027) on both the left and right sides. The upper and lower ends of each positioning connecting rod (5027) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular support frame (5021). A linear slide rail (5028) is embedded at the bottom position between two adjacent sets of positioning connecting rods (5027), and the bottom of the telescopic rack mechanism (5022) is slidably engaged inside the linear slide rail (5028).

7. A cylinder liner and a hydraulic cylinder using the same as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The outer annular end face of the ring support frame (5021) is tightly fitted and fixed to the inner sidewall of the elastic buffer ring (501). The ring support frame (5021) adopts a composite structure of rigid frame and flexible covering layer. The rigid frame ensures the overall support strength, and the flexible covering layer can adapt to the deformation of the elastic buffer ring (501).

8. A cylinder liner and a hydraulic cylinder using the same as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The groove wall and bottom of the embedded groove (201) are provided with anti-slip and wear-resistant textures, and the corners of the embedded groove (201) adopt a rounded transition structure; the embedded groove (201) and the annular elastic buffer component (50) are fixed by a double method of interference fit and structural snap-fit.

9. A cylinder liner and a hydraulic cylinder using the same as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The inner wall of the recessed groove (201) is provided with a number of one-way ratchet teeth (2011) arranged in a ring. The outer end face of the anti-slip limiting pad (5024) is provided with an elastic latch (50241) that is adapted to the one-way ratchet teeth. When the telescopic rack mechanism (5022) is pushed outward by the piston extrusion force, the elastic latch slides over the one-way ratchet teeth and embeds into the tooth root to form a mechanical one-way locking structure, which restricts the anti-slip limiting pad (5024) from retracting inward.

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