Short cylindrical roller bearing with a collar having cooling and lubricating structure

Abstract

A short cylindrical roller bearing with a ring-mounted cooling and lubrication structure is disclosed, relating to the field of bearing technology. This invention addresses the problem of conventional short cylindrical roller bearings lacking an integrated ring-mounted cooling and lubrication structure, resulting in poor heat dissipation efficiency and insufficient lubrication uniformity, making them unsuitable for demanding operating conditions requiring ultra-high speeds, ultra-high loads, and long-term continuous operation. The bearing employs an outer ring with an annular inner cavity, and multiple oil injection holes machined circumferentially on one end face of the outer ring. These oil injection holes are aligned with the midpoints of the rolling element axes on the cage. During operation, the high-speed rotation of the inner ring causes lubricating oil to be continuously sprayed onto the rolling elements through the oil injection holes on the outer ring, carrying away the heat generated by the rolling element rotation. Simultaneously, the outer ring's channel structure enhances heat dissipation, thereby reducing overall bearing heat generation during use. This invention is applicable to the field of short cylindrical roller bearings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bearing technology, and more specifically to a short cylindrical roller bearing with rings having cooling and lubrication structures. Background Technology

[0002] Short cylindrical roller bearings, as core components in the field of mechanical transmission, possess outstanding advantages such as high radial load capacity, high rigidity, low friction coefficient, and high limiting speed. They are widely used in high-speed, heavy-load, and continuously operating critical mechanical equipment such as high-speed machine tool spindles, wind power gearboxes, rail transit transmission systems, construction machinery, and precision metallurgical equipment. Their operational stability, heat dissipation capacity, and lubrication effect directly determine the working accuracy, operational reliability, and service life of the entire transmission system. Under actual high-speed and heavy-load working conditions, the rollers inside the bearing continuously experience high-frequency rolling friction with the inner and outer raceways, while simultaneously bearing alternating impact loads. This generates a large amount of frictional and compressive heat, causing the internal temperature of the bearing to rise rapidly. If the heat cannot be dissipated in time, it will seriously affect the bearing's performance. Currently, conventional short cylindrical roller bearings on the market are all purely mechanical load-bearing structures without integrated dedicated cooling and lubrication auxiliary structures. The industry generally adopts external auxiliary methods such as external oil spray lubrication, bearing housing spray cooling, and cavity immersion oil lubrication to achieve bearing lubrication and heat dissipation. However, this type of traditional lubrication and cooling method has significant technical defects. On the one hand, under high-speed operation, the strong centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the bearing will greatly hinder the penetration and adhesion of external lubricating oil. It is difficult for the lubricating oil to be accurately and evenly delivered to the core contact friction area between the roller and the raceway. This can easily lead to problems such as local lubrication deficiency, uneven oil film thickness, and oil film rupture at key contact surfaces. This causes the roller and raceway to directly contact and rub against each other, resulting in early failures such as raceway scratches, abrasive wear, and contact fatigue spalling. On the other hand, the traditional heat dissipation mode relies on indirect heat conduction through the bearing housing and shell. The heat conduction path is long and the heat dissipation efficiency is extremely low. The heat generated by bearing friction will accumulate in large quantities inside the bearing rings and rollers, causing the overall temperature of the bearing to rise too high. This will not only cause thermal deformation of the bearing steel and reduce the transmission accuracy of the equipment, but also accelerate the high-temperature oxidation, carbonization and deterioration of the lubricating oil, greatly reducing the lubrication performance and service life of the lubricating oil, forming a vicious cycle of lubrication deterioration, increased friction and higher temperature rise. To alleviate the problems of high bearing temperature and insufficient lubrication, existing technologies typically employ optimization methods such as increasing the external oil supply, raising the oil supply pressure, and adding external heat dissipation ducts. However, these improvements are only temporary solutions and do not address the root cause. They significantly increase lubricant churning losses, equipment operating energy consumption, and the cost of lubrication system components. Furthermore, excessive lubricant churning inside the bearing generates additional churning heat, further exacerbating the bearing temperature rise. Moreover, these methods fail to fundamentally solve the core problems of insufficient lubrication and inadequate heat dissipation in the bearing's core friction area.In summary, existing conventional short cylindrical roller bearings, lacking an integrated ring cooling and lubrication structure, are ill-suited to the demanding operating conditions of ultra-high speeds, ultra-large loads, and long-term continuous operation. They suffer from numerous technical shortcomings, including poor heat dissipation efficiency, insufficient lubrication uniformity, high operating energy consumption, short service life, and poor operational stability. These shortcomings severely restrict the promotion and application of short cylindrical roller bearings in high-end precision transmission equipment and heavy industrial equipment. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a short cylindrical roller bearing with a ring-integrated cooling and lubrication structure to address the various deficiencies of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention addresses the problem that existing conventional short cylindrical roller bearings lack an integrated ring cooling and lubrication structure, resulting in poor heat dissipation efficiency and insufficient lubrication uniformity, making them unsuitable for demanding operating conditions such as ultra-high speed, ultra-large load, and long-term continuous operation. Therefore, this invention proposes a short cylindrical roller bearing with a ring that incorporates both cooling and lubrication structures.

[0004] The present invention provides a short cylindrical roller bearing with a cooling and lubrication structure, which comprises an outer ring 1, a cage 2, an inner ring 3, and rolling elements 4.

[0005] The outer ring 1 is an annular body with an annular inner cavity 1-1. The outer ring 1 is fitted on the outer surface of the inner ring 3. A retainer 2 is provided between the inner surface of the outer ring 1 and the outer surface of the inner ring 3. The retainer 2 is machined with multiple pockets, and each pocket is provided with a rolling element 4 inside.

[0006] Furthermore, one end face of the outer ring 1 is machined with n oil injection holes 1-2 along the circumferential direction, where n is a positive integer, and each oil injection hole 1-2 is connected to the annular inner cavity 1-1 of the outer ring 1.

[0007] Furthermore, the inner surface of the outer ring 1 is uniformly provided with m oil supply holes 1-3 along the circumferential direction, where m is a positive integer, and each oil supply hole 1-3 is connected to the annular inner cavity 1-1 of the outer ring 1.

[0008] Furthermore, the n oil injection holes 1-2 on the outer ring 1 are configured to correspond one-to-one with the m oil supply holes 1-3;

[0009] Furthermore, the number n of the oil injection holes 1-2 is equal to the number m of the oil supply holes 1-3, that is, m=n; the number n of the oil injection holes 1-2 is 20≤n≤50;

[0010] Furthermore, the oil supply holes 1-3 on the outer ring 1 are set to correspond to the midpoint of the axis of the rolling element 4 on the cage 2;

[0011] Furthermore, the cage 2 is made of carbon fiber.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the oil injection hole 1-2 is equal to the inner diameter of the oil supply hole 1-3.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0014] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies by employing an outer ring with an annular inner cavity. Multiple oil injection holes are machined along the circumferential direction on one end face of the outer ring, and these holes are aligned with the midpoints of the rolling element axes on the cage. In use, this short cylindrical roller bearing fixes the outer ring to the frame, and the shaft requiring high-speed rotation is interference-fitted with the inner ring. Each oil injection hole on the outer ring is connected to the output end of the oil tank, allowing a large amount of lubricating oil or grease to fill the entire annular inner cavity of the outer ring through the injection holes. The lubricating oil is continuously sprayed onto the rolling elements through the oil injection holes on the outer ring, carrying away the heat generated by the rotation of the rolling elements. Simultaneously, the pipe structure of the outer ring enhances heat dissipation, thus offsetting the heat generated by the high-speed rotation of the inner ring, achieving both cooling and lubrication. This improves the bearing's heat dissipation efficiency and lubrication uniformity, making it suitable for harsh operating conditions such as ultra-high speeds, ultra-high loads, and long-term continuous operation. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a front sectional view of a short cylindrical roller bearing with a cooling and lubrication structure for the bearing rings, as described in this invention.

[0016] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Sectional view along line AA;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the outer ring of a short cylindrical roller bearing with cooling and lubrication structures, as described in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Specific implementation method one: Combining Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment describes a short cylindrical roller bearing with a cooling and lubrication structure, which comprises an outer ring 1, a cage 2, an inner ring 3, and rolling elements 4.

[0019] The outer ring 1 is an annular body with an annular inner cavity 1-1. The outer ring 1 is fitted on the outer surface of the inner ring 3. A retainer 2 is provided between the inner surface of the outer ring 1 and the outer surface of the inner ring 3. The retainer 2 is machined with multiple pockets, and each pocket is provided with a rolling element 4 inside.

[0020] In this specific embodiment, the outer ring has an annular inner cavity, and one end face of the outer ring is machined with multiple oil injection holes along the circumferential direction. These oil injection holes on the outer ring are aligned with the midpoints of the rolling element axes on the cage. In use, this type of short cylindrical roller bearing fixes the outer ring to the frame, and the shaft requiring high-speed rotation is interference-fitted with the inner ring. Each oil injection hole on the outer ring is connected to the output end of the oil tank, allowing a large amount of lubricating oil or grease to fill the entire annular inner cavity of the outer ring through the injection holes. The lubricating oil is continuously sprayed onto the rolling elements through the oil injection holes of the outer ring, carrying away the heat generated by the rotation of the rolling elements. Simultaneously, the pipe structure of the outer ring enhances heat dissipation, thus offsetting the heat generated by the high-speed rotation of the inner ring, achieving both cooling and lubrication. This improves the bearing's heat dissipation efficiency and lubrication uniformity, making it suitable for harsh operating conditions such as ultra-high speed, ultra-high load, and long-term continuous operation.

[0021] Specific Implementation Method Two: Combining Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment further defines the cylindrical roller bearing described in Specific Embodiment 1. The short cylindrical roller bearing with cooling and lubrication structure on the outer ring 1 has n oil injection holes 1-2 machined along the circumferential direction on one end face of the outer ring 1, where n is a positive integer, and each oil injection hole 1-2 is connected to the annular inner cavity 1-1 of the outer ring 1.

[0022] Specific implementation method three: Combining Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment is a further limitation of the cylindrical roller bearing described in Specific Embodiment Two. The short cylindrical roller bearing with cooling and lubrication structure in this embodiment has m oil supply holes 1-3 evenly provided along the circumferential direction on the inner surface of the outer ring 1, where m is a positive integer, and each oil supply hole 1-3 is connected to the annular inner cavity 1-1 of the outer ring 1.

[0023] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment further defines the cylindrical roller bearing described in Specific Embodiment Three. In this embodiment, a short cylindrical roller bearing with a cooling and lubrication structure on the outer ring 1 is provided with n oil injection holes 1-2 and m oil supply holes 1-3 corresponding one-to-one.

[0024] In this specific embodiment, n oil injection holes 1-2 on the outer ring 1 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with m oil supply holes 1-3. During the operation of the bearing, lubricating oil or grease is input to the outer surface of the rolling element 4 through the oil injection holes 1-2, the annular inner cavity 1-1 of the outer ring 1 and the oil supply holes 1-3, thereby realizing real-time lubrication and cooling of the rolling element 4.

[0025] Specific Implementation Method Five: Combining Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment further defines the cylindrical roller bearing described in Specific Embodiment Four. In this embodiment, a short cylindrical roller bearing with a cooling and lubrication structure on the ring is provided. The number n of the oil injection holes 1-2 is equal to the number m of the oil supply holes 1-3, i.e., m=n; the number n of the oil injection holes 1-2 is 20≤n≤50.

[0026] Specific Implementation Method Six: Combination Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment is a further limitation of the cylindrical roller bearing described in Specific Embodiment Five. In this embodiment, a short cylindrical roller bearing with a cooling and lubrication structure is provided, wherein the oil supply holes 1-3 on the outer ring 1 are corresponding to the midpoints of the axes of the rolling elements 4 on the cage 2.

[0027] In this specific embodiment, the oil supply holes 1-3 on the outer ring 1 are positioned corresponding to the midpoint of the axis of the rolling element 4 on the cage 2, so as to evenly apply lubricating oil or grease to the outer surface of the rolling element 4, thereby achieving sufficient lubrication of the rolling element 4.

[0028] Specific implementation method seven: Combining Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment further defines the cylindrical roller bearing described in Specific Embodiment 1. The short cylindrical roller bearing with cooling and lubrication structure on the rings described in this embodiment uses carbon fiber material for the cage 2.

[0029] In this specific embodiment, a cage 2 made of carbon fiber is used. The density of carbon fiber composite material is much lower than that of traditional metal cage materials such as brass and steel, which can significantly reduce the weight of the cage itself, significantly reduce the rotational inertia and centrifugal force under high-speed operation of the bearing, reduce the impact load of the cage pocket on the rolling elements, and effectively suppress cage deformation and pocket wear under high-speed conditions. The material has a low coefficient of friction and good self-lubricating properties, which can reduce the frictional contact between the cage and the rolling elements and the raceway flanges, reduce frictional heat generation, reduce the probability of high-temperature deterioration and failure of grease, and effectively improve the bearing's limit operating speed. Carbon fiber composites have a low coefficient of thermal expansion and excellent dimensional stability under high and low temperature environments. The pocket size is not easily distorted when the temperature changes, which can continuously and accurately guide the rolling elements and avoid rolling element jamming and off-center loading. At the same time, its fatigue resistance is outstanding, and it can withstand repeated alternating impact loads. Its corrosion resistance is better than that of ordinary metals, and it is not prone to rust and stress cracking. It can reduce cage breakage and chipping failures, reduce bearing vibration and noise, improve the internal lubrication flow, and is suitable for harsh working conditions with high speed, alternating loads and large temperature fluctuations. It can effectively improve the reliability of bearing operation and extend the overall service life.

[0030] Specific implementation method eight: Combination Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment further defines the cylindrical roller bearing described in Specific Embodiment Five. In this embodiment, a short cylindrical roller bearing with a cooling and lubrication structure on the ring is provided, wherein the inner diameter of the oil injection hole 1-2 is equal to the inner diameter of the oil supply hole 1-3.

[0031] In this specific embodiment, the inner diameter of the oil injection hole 1-2 is equal to the inner diameter of the oil supply hole 1-3 to ensure that the oil delivery rate and the oil supply rate are consistent.

Claims

1. A short cylindrical roller bearing with a ring having a cooling and lubrication structure, characterized in that: It includes an outer ring (1), a cage (2), an inner ring (3), and rolling elements (4); The outer ring (1) is an annular body with an annular inner cavity (1-1). The outer ring (1) is fitted on the outer surface of the inner ring (3). A retainer (2) is provided between the inner surface of the outer ring (1) and the outer surface of the inner ring (3). The retainer (2) has multiple pockets, and each pocket has a rolling element (4) inside.

2. A short cylindrical roller bearing with a cooling and lubrication structure on the raceway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer ring (1) has n oil injection holes (1-2) machined along the circumferential direction on one end face, where n is a positive integer, and each oil injection hole (1-2) is connected to the annular inner cavity (1-1) of the outer ring (1).

3. A short cylindrical roller bearing with a cooling and lubrication structure on the raceway according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner surface of the outer ring (1) is uniformly provided with m oil supply holes (1-3) along the circumferential direction, where m is a positive integer, and each oil supply hole (1-3) is connected to the annular inner cavity (1-1) of the outer ring (1).

4. A short cylindrical roller bearing with a cooling and lubrication structure on the raceway according to claim 3, characterized in that: The n oil injection holes (1-2) on the outer ring (1) are set one-to-one with the m oil supply holes (1-3).

5. A short cylindrical roller bearing with a cooling and lubrication structure on the raceway according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number n of the oil injection holes (1-2) is equal to the number m of the oil supply holes (1-3), that is, m=n; the number n of the oil injection holes (1-2) is 20≤n≤50.

6. A short cylindrical roller bearing with a cooling and lubrication structure on the raceway according to claim 5, characterized in that: The oil supply holes (1-3) on the outer ring (1) are set at the midpoint of the axis of the rolling element (4) on the cage (2).

7. A short cylindrical roller bearing with a cooling and lubrication structure on the raceway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cage (2) is made of carbon fiber.

8. A short cylindrical roller bearing with a cooling and lubrication structure on the raceway according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the oil injection hole (1-2) is equal to the inner diameter of the oil supply hole (1-3).

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