Pre-adjustable constant force support hanger and pre-adjustment locking structure thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a pre-adjustable constant force support bracket, including a mounting base. Four longitudinal support rods are fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting base. A lower support plate and an upper support plate are mounted on the outer sides of the four longitudinal support rods. A cylinder is fixedly mounted between the lower and upper support plates. A piston plate is movably mounted inside the cylinder, and a piston rod is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the piston plate. The piston plate divides the upper internal space of the cylinder to form a hydraulic chamber. A pipe mounting structure is installed at the bottom of the cylinder. The device also includes a hydraulic balancing mechanism, a magnetorheological elastomer locking mechanism, and an angle buffer structure. The hydraulic balancing mechanism is installed on the outside of the cylinder and communicates with the hydraulic chamber. This device uses a magnetorheological elastomer to achieve controllable and reversible magnetic field locking, providing rigid locking under normal conditions to prevent vibration and loosening, and automatic unlocking and buffering upon impact. It is combined with a hydraulic stepless pre-adjustment and a triple buffer structure encompassing hydraulic, axial, and circumferential directions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pipeline support equipment technology, and in particular to a pre-adjustable constant force support and its pre-adjustment locking structure. It is especially suitable for pipeline support of marine observation equipment such as shipboard hydrological and geological survey winches, shipboard hydrological and meteorological observation sensors, hydrological and meteorological observation buoys, underwater moorings, seabed bases, and mobile observation platforms. Background Technology

[0002] In marine observation equipment, such as waveguide feeders for wave measuring radars at offshore platform-based observation stations and sampling pipelines for shipboard hydrological and meteorological observation sensors, the requirements for constant force accuracy, vibration resistance reliability, and corrosion resistance are extremely stringent.

[0003] Constant force supports are widely used in the pipelines of marine hydrological observation buoys, deep-sea moorings, and geological survey winches to support precision sensing pipelines and deep-sea connectors.

[0004] Traditional constant force supports have many drawbacks: conventional threaded and tapered locking structures have microscopic gaps, which can easily lead to loosening due to ship vibration and continuous wave impact, causing the constant force support accuracy to drift continuously; relying solely on a single spring for buffering without a multi-dimensional damping buffer structure, the instantaneous impact of giant waves can easily cause rigid damage to pipelines and precision components; pre-adjusting pressure relies on manually adding or removing shims, making it impossible to remotely and continuously adjust the support force with precision; and lacking a magnetorheological adaptive locking buffer switching structure, it is impossible to automatically switch between normal rigid support and impact flexible buffering. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a pre-adjustable constant force support and its pre-adjustment locking structure. This addresses the problems of traditional constant force supports being prone to loosening under ship vibration and continuous wave impact, resulting in continuous drift in constant force support accuracy; relying solely on a single spring for buffering without a multi-dimensional damping buffer structure, making them susceptible to rigid damage to pipelines and precision components from sudden wave impacts; relying on manual addition or removal of shims for pre-adjustment pressure, making remote, continuous, and precise control of the support force impossible; and lacking a magnetorheological adaptive locking buffer switching structure, preventing automatic switching between normal rigid support and impact flexible buffering.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An adjustable constant force support includes a mounting base. Four longitudinal support rods are fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting base. A lower support plate and an upper support plate are mounted on the outer sides of the four longitudinal support rods. A cylinder is fixedly mounted between the lower and upper support plates. A piston plate is movably mounted inside the cylinder. A piston rod is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the piston plate. The piston plate divides the upper internal space of the cylinder to form a hydraulic chamber. A pipe mounting structure is installed at the bottom of the cylinder. The support also includes a hydraulic balancing mechanism, a magnetorheological elastomer locking mechanism, and an angle buffer structure. The hydraulic balancing mechanism is installed on the outer side of the cylinder and communicates with the hydraulic chamber. The magnetorheological elastomer locking mechanism is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the cylinder and sleeved on the outer side of the piston rod for pre-locking the piston rod. The angle buffer structure is installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the cylinder and sleeved on the outer side of the piston rod for rotational buffering and displacement limiting of the piston rod.

[0007] Preferably, the pipe installation structure includes an installation fixing ring, the bottom end of the piston rod is provided with an installation fixing groove, the outer side of the installation fixing ring is threaded with multiple locking bolts, the installation fixing ring is sleeved on the outer side of the installation fixing groove and locked and fixed by the locking bolts; a pipe installation rod is fixedly installed on the outer side of the installation fixing ring, and a pipe installation plate is fixedly installed on the outer side of the pipe installation rod for external connection and fixing of pipeline equipment.

[0008] Preferably, the hydraulic balancing mechanism includes a hydraulic pipe and a hydraulic cylinder. One end of the hydraulic pipe is connected to a hydraulic chamber, and the other end of the hydraulic pipe is connected to an oil pump. The hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the top of the lower support plate, and the oil inlet of the oil pump is connected to the inside of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, a solenoid valve and a pressure gauge are fixedly installed on the hydraulic pipe, which are used for oil circuit on / off control and real-time monitoring of hydraulic pressure, respectively.

[0010] Preferably, the angle buffer structure includes an annular disk, with multiple damping shock absorbers fixedly installed at the bottom of the annular disk, and the bottom ends of the multiple damping shock absorbers fixedly installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the cylinder; the annular disk is movably sleeved on the outside of the piston rod, and multiple arc-shaped grooves are opened on the upper outer side of the piston rod, with arc-shaped blocks slidably installed inside the multiple arc-shaped grooves; the top of the multiple arc-shaped blocks is fixedly installed with the same rotating ring, the rotating ring is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the piston rod, and a displacement sensor is assembled on the top of the rotating ring for real-time monitoring of the impact displacement amplitude of the piston rod.

[0011] Preferably, a limiting groove is formed on the outer side of the arc-shaped block, and a limiting strip is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the arc-shaped groove, with the limiting strip slidingly engaging with the limiting groove; arc-shaped damping springs are fixedly installed on both the left and right sides of the arc-shaped block, with the outer end of the arc-shaped damping springs fixedly connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove to achieve rotational buffering and reset.

[0012] Preferably, a piston rod hole is provided at the bottom of the cylinder, and the piston rod passes through the piston rod hole and slides and seals with the inner wall of the piston rod hole.

[0013] A pre-adjustable constant force support hanger pre-locking structure includes a magnetorheological elastomer locking mechanism. The magnetorheological elastomer locking mechanism includes a protective shell, four reinforcing rods fixedly installed on the outer side of the protective shell, and the outer ends of the four reinforcing rods fixedly connected to the inner walls of the four sides of the cylinder. A through hole is opened in the center of the protective shell, and a magnetorheological elastomer is fixedly installed inside the through hole. The magnetorheological elastomer is sleeved on the outer side of the piston rod. Multiple locking teeth are evenly arranged on the inner wall of the magnetorheological elastomer, and multiple locking tooth grooves are opened on the outer side of the piston rod. The multiple locking teeth are correspondingly arranged on the outer side of the locking tooth grooves for engaging and locking the piston rod.

[0014] Preferably, an excitation coil is wound around the outside of the magnetorheological elastomer, the excitation coil is housed inside the protective shell, and the excitation coil is connected to an external wire that extends to the outside of the cylinder and is electrically connected to the controller for controlled establishment of a magnetic field.

[0015] Preferably, the magnetorheological elastomer is made of a polymer matrix uniformly doped with micron-sized carbonyl iron powder particles, which can quickly switch stiffness with the magnetic field.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects that this invention can achieve are: 1. Magnetorheological elastomer adaptive locking switching mechanism: Magnetorheological elastomer doped with micron carbonyl iron powder is used as the locking medium. The material stiffness is reversibly transformed by switching the magnetic field of the excitation coil. Under normal conditions, the material hardens to form a gapless solid-like locking structure, eliminating the vibration loosening defect of threaded / conical locking. Under impact conditions, the piston rod stroke is released by power-off softening. There is no need for mechanical chucks, forks or other moving parts. The pure physical phase change completes the automatic switching between rigid support and flexible buffer, which is different from the traditional mechanical locking structure.

[0017] 2. Hydraulic pre-adjustment and magnetorheological locking composite constant force output system; equipped with an independent hydraulic balancing mechanism, the hydraulic chamber oil pressure is infinitely adjusted through oil pump and solenoid valve, and the constant support load can be remotely and accurately pre-adjusted before equipment deployment and during operation; hydraulic pre-pressure provides basic constant force, and magnetorheological locking stabilizes and locks displacement. The two work together to achieve continuous adjustment of constant force value and no drift over a long period of time, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional shim-type pre-adjustment which cannot be continuously fine-tuned and is prone to deviation.

[0018] 3. Triple composite multidimensional buffer energy absorption structure; integrates hydraulic damping, axial damping shock absorber and circumferential arc damping spring triple buffer unit, respectively absorbs axial impact, vertical load and pipeline torsional lateral load; under the instantaneous impact of giant waves and cables, multidimensional synchronous dissipation of impact energy, maintains a near constant support force throughout, avoids deep-sea pipelines and precision connectors from being subjected to rigid instantaneous impact, and a single spring buffer structure does not have multi-directional buffering capability.

[0019] 4. Passive fiber optic displacement sensing and linkage intelligent control logic; equipped with a passive fiber optic displacement sensor, it has no electromagnetic radiation and is not affected by underwater acoustic / optical detection equipment. It can reuse the fiber optic transmission link of the observation equipment; the sensor collects the impact displacement signal in real time and links the excitation coil on and off in a closed loop to realize the unmanned adaptive cycle of impact identification, unlocking buffer, load stabilization and automatic relocking. No manual intervention is required to switch working conditions.

[0020] 5. Split-type quick-disassembly and assembly pipeline connection structure; the bottom end of the piston rod is equipped with an installation and fixing ring with multiple sets of locking bolts, which can be quickly connected and locked with the pipeline installation groove, and pipeline disassembly and assembly can be completed without cutting or flange welding; combined with the modular cylinder assembly structure of upper and lower support plates, the whole machine is easy to disassemble, assemble and maintain, improving the efficiency of on-site assembly and maintenance at sea and underwater.

[0021] This invention employs a magnetorheological elastomer to achieve controllable and reversible magnetic field locking, with normal rigid locking to prevent vibration and loosening, and automatic unlocking and buffering upon impact; it is combined with a hydraulic stepless pre-adjustment, hydraulic, axial and circumferential triple buffer structure, relying on fiber optic grating sensing and linkage self-control; the whole machine is deep-sea anti-corrosion sealed to adapt to underwater working conditions, and solves the defects of traditional support and hanger such as accuracy drift, poor impact resistance and insufficient underwater adaptability in multiple dimensions. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a bottom-view structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pipe installation structure, magnetorheological elastomer locking mechanism, angle buffer structure, piston plate, piston sealing ring, and piston rod in this invention. Figure 5 This is a bottom view of the pipe installation structure, magnetorheological elastomer locking mechanism, angle buffer structure, piston plate, piston sealing ring, and piston rod in this invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting base, longitudinal support rod, lower support plate, upper support plate, and hydraulic balance mechanism in this invention; Figure 7 This is a bottom view of the mounting base, longitudinal support rod, lower support plate, upper support plate, and hydraulic balancing mechanism in this invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the main body in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the pipeline installation structure in this invention; Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of the magnetorheological elastomer locking mechanism in this invention; Figure 11 This is a bottom view of the magnetorheological elastomer locking mechanism in this invention. Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the angle buffer structure in this invention; Figure 13 This is a bottom view schematic diagram of the angle buffer structure in this invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular disk, arc block, and arc damping spring in this invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the piston plate, piston sealing ring, piston rod, locking tooth groove, and mounting and fixing groove in this invention; Figure 16 This is a bottom view of the piston plate, piston sealing ring, piston rod, locking tooth groove, and mounting groove in this invention.

[0023] The components include: 1. Mounting base; 11. Longitudinal support rod; 12. Lower support plate; 13. Upper support plate; 2. Cylinder body; 21. Piston rod hole; 22. Hydraulic chamber; 3. Pipe installation structure; 31. Pipe mounting plate; 32. Pipe mounting rod; 33. Mounting ring; 34. Locking bolt; 4. Hydraulic balancing mechanism; 41. Hydraulic pipe; 42. Hydraulic cylinder; 43. Oil pump; 44. Solenoid valve; 45. Pressure gauge; 5. Magnetorheological elastomer locking mechanism. 51. Protective shell; 52. Through hole; 53. Reinforcing rod; 54. Magnetorheological elastomer; 55. Locking tooth block; 56. Excitation coil; 6. Angle buffer structure; 61. Annular disk; 62. Damping shock absorber; 63. Arc groove; 64. Limiting strip; 65. Rotating ring; 66. Arc block; 67. Limiting groove; 68. Arc damping spring; 7. Piston plate; 71. Piston sealing ring; 72. Piston rod; 73. Locking tooth groove; 74. Mounting and fixing groove. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the technical means, creative features, and achieved objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments. However, the following embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this invention and not all of them. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments described herein without creative effort are all within the protection scope of this invention. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods in the following embodiments are conventional methods, and the materials and reagents used in the following embodiments are commercially available unless otherwise specified. Example

[0025] like Figures 1-16As shown, the present invention provides a pre-adjustable constant force support bracket, including a mounting base 1. Four longitudinal support rods 11 are fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting base 1. A lower support plate 12 and an upper support plate 13 are mounted on the outer side of the four longitudinal support rods 11. A cylinder 2 is fixedly mounted between the lower support plate 12 and the upper support plate 13. A piston plate 7 is movably mounted inside the cylinder 2. A piston rod 72 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the piston plate 7. The piston plate 7 divides the upper internal space of the cylinder 2 to form a hydraulic chamber 22. A pipe mounting structure 3 is mounted on the bottom end of the cylinder 2. It also includes a hydraulic balancing mechanism 4, a magnetorheological elastomer locking mechanism 5, and an angle buffer structure 6; the hydraulic balancing mechanism 4 is installed on the outside of the cylinder body 2 and connected to the hydraulic chamber 22; the magnetorheological elastomer locking mechanism 5 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the cylinder body 2 and sleeved on the outside of the piston rod 72, and is used to pre-lock the piston rod 72; the angle buffer structure 6 is installed on the bottom inner wall of the cylinder body 2 and sleeved on the outside of the piston rod 72, and is used to perform rotation buffering and displacement limiting of the piston rod 72.

[0026] refer to Figure 9 In this embodiment, the pipe installation structure 3 includes an installation fixing ring 33. The bottom end of the piston rod 72 is provided with an installation fixing groove 74. Multiple locking bolts 34 are threaded to the outside of the installation fixing ring 33. The installation fixing ring 33 is sleeved on the outside of the installation fixing groove 74 and locked and fixed by the locking bolts 34. A pipe installation rod 32 is fixedly installed on the outside of the installation fixing ring 33. A pipe installation plate 31 is fixedly installed on the outside of the pipe installation rod 32 for external connection and fixing of pipeline equipment.

[0027] refer to Figures 6-8 In this embodiment, the hydraulic balancing mechanism 4 includes a hydraulic pipe 41 and a hydraulic cylinder 42. One end of the hydraulic pipe 41 is connected to the hydraulic chamber 22, and the other end of the hydraulic pipe 41 is connected to an oil pump 43. The hydraulic cylinder 42 is fixedly installed on the top of the lower support plate 12. The oil inlet of the oil pump 43 is connected to the inside of the hydraulic cylinder 42. A solenoid valve 44 and a pressure gauge 45 are fixedly installed on the hydraulic pipe 41, which are used for oil circuit on / off control and real-time monitoring of hydraulic pressure, respectively.

[0028] refer to Figures 12-16In this embodiment, the angle buffer structure 6 includes an annular disk 61, with multiple damping shock absorbers 62 fixedly installed at the bottom of the annular disk 61. The bottom ends of the multiple damping shock absorbers 62 are all fixedly installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the cylinder body 2. The annular disk 61 is movably sleeved on the outside of the piston rod 72. Multiple arc-shaped grooves 63 are opened on the upper outer side of the piston rod 72, and arc-shaped blocks 66 are slidably installed inside the multiple arc-shaped grooves 63. The top of the multiple arc-shaped blocks 66 is fixedly installed with the same rotating ring 65. A rotating ring 65 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the piston rod 72. A displacement sensor is mounted on the top of the rotating ring 65 to monitor the impact displacement amplitude of the piston rod 72 in real time. A limit groove 67 is opened on the outside of the arc-shaped block 66. A limit strip 64 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the arc-shaped groove 63. The limit strip 64 slides in conjunction with the limit groove 67. Arc-shaped damping springs 68 are fixedly installed on both the left and right sides of the arc-shaped block 66. The outer end of the arc-shaped damping spring 68 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove 63 to realize rotation buffering and reset.

[0029] refer to Figure 7 In this embodiment, a piston rod hole 21 is provided at the bottom of the cylinder body 2, and the piston rod 72 passes through the piston rod hole 21 and slides and seals with the inner wall of the piston rod hole 21.

[0030] refer to Figures 10-11 A pre-adjustable constant force support hanger pre-locking structure includes a magnetorheological elastomer locking mechanism 5. The magnetorheological elastomer locking mechanism 5 includes a protective shell 51. Four reinforcing rods 53 are fixedly installed on the outer side of the protective shell 51, and the outer ends of the four reinforcing rods 53 are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the four sides of the cylinder body 2. A through hole 52 is opened in the center of the protective shell 51. A magnetorheological elastomer 54 is fixedly installed inside the through hole 52. The magnetorheological elastomer 54 is sleeved on the outer side of the piston rod 72. A plurality of locking teeth 55 are evenly arranged on the inner wall of the magnetorheological elastomer 54. A plurality of locking tooth grooves 73 are opened on the outer side of the piston rod 72. The plurality of locking teeth 55 are correspondingly arranged on the outer side of the locking tooth grooves 73 for engaging and locking the piston rod 72.

[0031] Specifically, after pre-adjustment, the controller continuously supplies rated current to the excitation coil 56, which generates a vertical saturated strong magnetic field in the magnetorheological elastomer 54 region. Micron-sized carbonyl iron powder particles inside the elastomer are magnetized and rapidly arrange themselves along the magnetic field lines to form a dense, continuous particle chain, increasing the material's shear modulus by tens of times and transforming it from a flexible elastomer into a high-rigidity solid. The hardened magnetorheological elastomer 54's inner wall locking teeth 55 tightly engage with the piston rod 72's outer wall locking teeth groove 73, forming a molecular-level gapless, near-solid-bonded locking structure, eliminating the micro-gap of traditional threaded or conical locking mechanisms. Shipboard vibrations and continuous equipment operation vibrations will not cause the piston rod 72 to shift position, ensuring the long-term stability of the support's constant force output value and guaranteeing the constant support accuracy of deep-sea precision pipelines and connectors.

[0032] More specifically, the polymer matrix of magnetorheological elastomers, such as silicone rubber and polyurethane, undergoes a cross-linking reaction during curing. The cross-linked matrix forms a three-dimensional elastic molecular chain network, characterized by: having a definite shape and elasticity, being a solid material; being capable of reversible large deformation under external force; and providing an elastically constrained environment for the dispersed iron powder particles, rather than an absolutely rigid fixed environment.

[0033] When a strong external magnetic field is applied: each carbonyl iron powder particle is magnetized, generating a magnetic dipole moment. A magnetic dipole interaction force is generated between adjacent particles, driving the particles to align into a chain along the magnetic field lines.

[0034] In this embodiment, an excitation coil 56 is wound around the outside of the magnetorheological elastomer 54. The excitation coil 56 is housed inside the protective shell 51. The excitation coil 56 is connected to an external wire and extends to the outside of the cylinder 2 and is electrically connected to the controller for controlled establishment of a magnetic field. The magnetorheological elastomer 54 is made of a polymer matrix uniformly doped with micron-sized carbonyl iron powder particles, which can quickly switch stiffness with the magnetic field.

[0035] In this embodiment, the working method is as follows: During use, the entire equipment is positioned and installed using the mounting base 1. The bottom mounting fixing ring 33 is fitted onto the outside of the mounting fixing groove 74 at the bottom of the piston rod 72 and locked in place by multiple sets of locking bolts 34. The pipe mounting plate 31 and the pipe mounting rod 32 are used to connect and fix the supported equipment such as marine hydrology equipment, buoys, and pipelines, completing the mechanical pre-installation. Before the equipment is officially put into use, the constant force value is pre-adjusted through the hydraulic balancing mechanism 4: the pressure gauge 45 monitors the internal pressure of the hydraulic chamber 22 in real time, and the hydraulic oil inside the hydraulic cylinder 42 is pumped into the hydraulic chamber 22 through the hydraulic pipe 41 by the oil pump 43 to increase the oil pressure in the chamber and form a preset top support pressure on the piston plate 7 and the piston rod 72; the pressure is maintained by starting and stopping the solenoid valve 44 to precisely adjust the support pre-tightening force and achieve the preset constant force output.

[0036] After pre-adjustment, the equipment enters normal locked operating condition. The controller outputs rated current to the excitation coil 56, which forms a vertical saturated strong magnetic field in the magnetorheological elastomer 54 region. Under the action of the magnetic field, micron-sized carbonyl iron powder particles inside the elastomer rapidly arrange themselves along the magnetic field lines to form a dense chain structure, causing the shear modulus of the magnetorheological elastomer 54 to increase dramatically and instantly transform from a flexible elastomer into a high-rigidity solid structure. At this time, the inner wall locking teeth 55 tightly engage with the outer locking teeth groove 73 of the piston rod 72, forming a gapless, near-solid-bonded locking state. This molecular-level physical locking has no mechanical gaps and no risk of thread loosening, and can completely isolate hull vibration and equipment operating micro-vibrations, ensuring that the position of the piston rod 72 and the constant force output value of the support remain constant over a long period of time, guaranteeing the stable support accuracy of marine precision pipelines and observation equipment.

[0037] When encountering sudden impact loads from giant waves, cable reeling / unloading, pipeline thermal expansion and contraction, or hull deformation at sea, the displacement sensor captures the rate of displacement change of the piston rod 72 in real time. The control system quickly cuts off the power supply to the excitation coil 56, and the magnetic field dissipates instantly. The iron powder particles inside the magnetorheological elastomer 54 return to a disordered and dispersed state, and the whole changes from a high-rigidity solid to a flexible and low-elasticity state. The locking tooth block 55 releases its rigid grip on the locking tooth groove 73, and the piston rod 72 gains axial movement margin.

[0038] During load transfer, the piston rod 72 drives the top rotating ring 65 to move synchronously, and the arc-shaped block 66 slides along the arc-shaped groove 63, achieving circumferential rotation buffering through the arc-shaped damping springs 68 on both sides; at the same time, multiple sets of damping shock absorbers 62 at the bottom of the annular disk 61 provide axial damping buffering, dissipating impact energy in multiple dimensions. The piston plate 7 slides sealed to the cylinder 2 through the piston sealing ring 71, squeezing the hydraulic oil inside the hydraulic chamber 22, and using hydraulic damping to further stabilize and absorb vibration, so that the pipeline always receives a nearly constant support force, avoiding rigid hard impact damage to deep-sea pipelines and precision connectors.

[0039] During operation, the constant force output value can be adaptively adjusted in real time: when the support force needs to be increased, the oil pump 43 pressurizes and supplies oil, and the hydraulic oil enters the hydraulic chamber 22 for pressurization, which, together with the bottom damping structure, increases the overall pre-tightening support force and suppresses vibration displacement; when the support force needs to be reduced, the solenoid valve 44 is opened to release pressure, the oil pressure in the hydraulic chamber 22 drops, and the support pressure of the piston rod 72 decreases simultaneously, achieving precise and adjustable constant force output. Pressure parameters are fed back in real time through the pressure gauge 45 throughout the process to ensure stable and controllable constant force output.

[0040] When the instantaneous impact load disappears and the displacement and strain parameters detected by the displacement sensor return to the normal range, the control system automatically restores the power supply to the excitation coil 56, the magnetorheological elastomer 54 undergoes phase transformation hardening again, and re-clamps and locks the piston rod 72. The equipment automatically returns to a rigid constant support state, completing the intelligent cycle of "adaptive buffering - automatic reset locking".

[0041] The equipment cylinder 2, mounting base 1, longitudinal support rod 11, upper support plate 12, and lower support plate 13 are all made of titanium alloy TC4 or super duplex stainless steel, possessing excellent resistance to seawater corrosion and chloride ion pitting. All electrical control components are sealed within a closed cavity filled with dry inert gas to prevent salt spray and seawater intrusion. All electrical interfaces are sealed and led out using deep-sea standard through-tank fittings, and the hydraulic lines are equipped with double self-sealing quick connectors, enabling underwater insertion and removal and self-sealing of the break points to prevent seawater backflow and hydraulic oil leakage. The displacement sensor adopts a passive fiber optic grating structure, free from electromagnetic interference, and can be adapted for network monitoring of deep-sea optical and acoustic detection equipment.

[0042] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pre-adjustable constant force support, characterized in that: The system includes a mounting base (1), characterized in that four longitudinal support rods (11) are fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting base (1), and a lower support plate (12) and an upper support plate (13) are mounted on the outer sides of the four longitudinal support rods (11). A cylinder (2) is installed between the lower support plate (12) and the upper support plate (13); a piston plate (7) is movably mounted inside the cylinder (2), and a piston rod (72) is mounted on the bottom of the piston plate (7). The piston plate (7) divides the upper part of the cylinder (2) to form a hydraulic chamber (22); the bottom end of the cylinder (2) is equipped with... It is equipped with a pipe installation structure (3); it is also equipped with a hydraulic balancing mechanism (4), a magnetorheological elastomer locking mechanism (5), and an angle buffer structure (6); the hydraulic balancing mechanism (4) is installed on the outside of the cylinder (2) and is connected to the hydraulic chamber (22); the magnetorheological elastomer locking mechanism (5) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the cylinder (2) and located on the outside of the piston rod (72) for pre-locking the piston rod (72); the angle buffer structure (6) is installed on the bottom inner wall of the cylinder (2), sleeved on the outside of the piston rod (72) and connected to the piston rod (72).

2. The adjustable constant force support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipe installation structure (3) includes an installation fixing ring (33), and an installation fixing groove (74) is provided at the bottom end of the piston rod (72). Multiple locking bolts (34) are installed on the outside of the installation fixing ring (33). The installation fixing ring (33) is sleeved on the outside of the installation fixing groove (74) and locked and fixed by multiple locking bolts (34). A pipe installation rod (32) is fixedly installed on the outside of the installation fixing ring (33), and a pipe installation plate (31) is fixedly installed on the outside of the pipe installation rod (32).

3. The adjustable constant force support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic balancing mechanism (4) includes a hydraulic pipe (41) and a hydraulic cylinder (42). One end of the hydraulic pipe (41) is connected to the hydraulic chamber (22), and the other end of the hydraulic pipe (41) is connected to an oil pump (43). The hydraulic cylinder (42) is fixedly installed on the top of the lower support plate (12), and the inlet of the oil pump (43) is connected to the hydraulic cylinder (42).

4. The adjustable constant force support according to claim 3, characterized in that: A solenoid valve (44) and a pressure gauge (45) are fixedly installed on the hydraulic pipe (41).

5. The adjustable constant force support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle buffer structure (6) includes an annular disk (61), with multiple damping shock absorbers (62) fixedly installed at the bottom of the annular disk (61), and the bottom ends of the multiple damping shock absorbers (62) are all fixedly installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the cylinder (2); the annular disk (61) is movably sleeved on the outside of the piston rod (72), and multiple arc grooves (63) are opened on the upper part of the piston rod (72), and an arc block (66) is slidably installed inside each arc groove (63); a rotating ring (65) is fixedly installed on the top of the multiple arc blocks (66), and the rotating ring (65) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the piston rod (72), and a displacement sensor is provided on the top of the rotating ring (65).

6. The adjustable constant force support according to claim 5, characterized in that: A limiting groove (67) is provided on the outer side of the arc-shaped block (66), and a limiting strip (64) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the arc-shaped groove (63). The limiting strip (64) is slidably connected to the limiting groove (67). Arc-shaped damping springs (68) are fixedly installed on both sides of the arc-shaped block (66), and the other end of the arc-shaped damping springs (68) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove (63).

7. The adjustable constant force support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the cylinder (2) is provided with a piston rod hole (21), and the piston rod (72) is slidably sealed to the inner wall of the piston rod hole (21).

8. A pre-adjustable constant force support and hanger pre-locking structure, characterized in that, The device includes a magnetorheological elastomer locking mechanism (5); the magnetorheological elastomer locking mechanism (5) includes a protective shell (51), four reinforcing rods (53) are fixedly installed on the outside of the protective shell (51), and the four reinforcing rods (53) are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the cylinder (2) on all four sides; a through hole (52) is opened in the center of the protective shell (51), a magnetorheological elastomer (54) is fixedly installed in the through hole (52), and the magnetorheological elastomer (54) is sleeved on the outside of the piston rod (72); a plurality of locking teeth (55) are provided on the inner wall of the magnetorheological elastomer (54), a plurality of locking tooth grooves (73) are opened on the outside of the piston rod (72), and the locking teeth (55) are correspondingly arranged on the outside of the locking tooth grooves (73); the magnetorheological elastomer locking mechanism (5) and the piston rod (72) are the magnetorheological elastomer locking mechanism (5) and the piston rod (72) as described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. The pre-adjustment locking structure of the pre-adjustable constant force support according to claim 8, characterized in that: The magnetorheological elastomer (54) has an excitation coil (56) wound around its outer side. The excitation coil (56) is housed inside the protective shell (51). The external wire of the excitation coil (56) extends to the outside of the cylinder (2) and is electrically connected to the controller.

10. The pre-adjustment locking structure of the pre-adjustable constant force support according to claim 8, characterized in that: The magnetorheological elastomer (54) is made of a polymer matrix uniformly doped with micron-sized carbonyl iron powder particles.

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