Automobile lighting adjustable visual optical system and implementation method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of automotive lighting and decorative optics technology, specifically an adjustable visual optical system for automotive lighting and its implementation method. The system includes a housing, a PCB board, a thick-walled component, and internal components two, three, and four. The PCB board is fixedly installed inside the housing. The thick-walled component has a first light-incident surface and a first light-exit surface. The first light-incident surface has a textured microstructure. The first light-exit surface has at least one array of hexagonal, prism, and pyramidal optical microstructures. Internal component two has a second light-incident surface and a second light-exit surface. The second light-incident surface is processed with a laser-engraved, pre-defined pattern. The entire surface of the second light-exit surface has a textured microstructure. Internal component four has a fourth light-incident surface and a fourth light-exit surface. A portion of the fourth light-exit surface has a textured microstructure. The bottoms of internal components two, three, and four all adopt irregular curved optical contours. This invention can achieve artistic visual effects reminiscent of ink wash painting, dot matrix technology, and layered mountains.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive lighting and decorative optics technology, and in particular to an adjustable visual optical system for automotive lighting and its implementation method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the automotive lighting industry commonly employs conventional optical solutions that combine LED light sources with internal components such as reflectors, standard lenses, ordinary light guides, and light shields. These solutions precisely control the light propagation path through traditional optical structures like reflection, refraction, and light shielding to achieve high light energy utilization and a uniform, soft surface light source effect, effectively eliminating bright spots and dark areas caused by point light sources. This type of solution has a mature structure and stable manufacturing process, and is widely used in mass-produced automotive lighting systems, meeting the needs of basic lighting and basic ambient lighting.

[0003] However, with the continuous innovation of automotive design concepts and the deepening trends of vehicle intelligence, youthfulness, and personalization, consumers are increasingly demanding higher levels of aesthetic expression, light and shadow layering, texture refinement, and technological atmosphere in their headlights. Existing conventional optical solutions are limited by issues such as simple structure, fixed light output form, and planar light and shadow effects, making it difficult to achieve diverse visual expressions and differentiated emotional lighting experiences. Their light output contours are mostly regular geometric shapes with limited texture processing, lacking three-dimensionality and dynamic layering. When the lights are off, the appearance is bland, and when lit, it is difficult to create a light and shadow language with artistic, narrative, or cultural imagery. Especially in ambient lighting and decorative lighting scenarios, traditional solutions cannot flexibly present complex visual effects such as ink wash, striped rhythm, and geometric cutouts. Moreover, once the light and shadow style needs to be changed, the entire optical module often needs to be replaced, resulting in long development cycles, high costs, and poor adaptability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an adjustable visual optical system for automotive lighting in order to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned technologies.

[0005] This invention designs an adjustable visual optical system for automotive lighting, including a housing, a PCB board, a thick-walled component, an inner component two, an inner component three, and an inner component four; the PCB board is fixedly installed inside the housing, the PCB board carries an LED light source, and the thick-walled component is correspondingly arranged on the light-emitting side of the LED light source; The thick-walled component is configured with a first light-incident surface and a first light-exiting surface. The first light-incident surface is provided with a textured microstructure, which can perform initial homogenization and diffusion of the incident light from the LED light source. The first light-exiting surface is provided with at least one array optical microstructure of hexagon, prism, or pyramid. After the light from the LED light source enters the interior of the thick-walled component, it undergoes multiple total internal reflections and is finally emitted from the first light-exiting surface in a composite optical form of refraction, superposition, and scattering, thereby expanding the light-emitting area. The second internal component is provided with a second light-incident surface and a second light-outcident surface. The second light-incident surface is processed with a laser-engraved hollowed-out preset pattern, and its non-hollowed-out area is provided with a hot-stamped light-shielding layer. The hollowed-out pattern of the second light-outcident surface is precisely matched with that of the second light-outcident surface, and the surface of the second light-outcident surface is provided with a leather-textured microstructure. The internal component four is provided with a fourth light-incident surface and a fourth light-outcident surface. The fourth light-incident surface is used to receive the emitted light from the thick-walled component, and the fourth light-outcident surface is provided with a textured microstructure in a local area. The bottoms of the inner components 2, 3, and 4 all adopt irregular curved optical profiles to form a continuous variable angle refraction and scattering effect on the emitted light, effectively softening the light emission boundary and optimizing the overall vehicle lighting visual effect.

[0006] Preferably, the light output from the thick-walled component is divided into an upper light path and a lower light path. The light from the upper light path is incident on the second light-incident surface of the inner component two. Only the light from the laser-engraved pre-defined pattern area enters the interior of the inner component two. After multiple total internal reflections within the inner component two, the light exits from the second light-exiting surface. Part of the exiting light is incident on the fifth light-incident surface of the inner component three. After multiple total internal reflections within the inner component three, the light exits from the microstructure area of ​​the fifth light-exiting surface. The light from the lower light path is incident on the third light-incident surface of the inner component three and the fourth light-incident surface of the inner component four. The light undergoes multiple total internal reflections within the inner component three and the inner component four, and exits at the texture microstructure positions of the third and fourth light-exiting surfaces.

[0007] Preferably, the laser-engraved hollowed-out preset pattern is one or more combinations of regular polygons.

[0008] Preferably, the inclined stripes on the fifth light-emitting surface are arranged in three layers with different directions and widths; the first layer is inclined at 45° from the upper right to the lower left; the second layer is inclined at 45° from the upper left to the lower right, and the width of the inclined stripes in the second layer is twice that of the first layer; the inclined stripes in the third layer are inclined in the same direction as the first layer, and the width is 1.5 times that of the second layer; a hot stamping light-shielding layer is provided on the fifth light-emitting surface in the area outside the inclined stripes.

[0009] Preferably, the array optical microstructure of the fifth light-emitting surface can be replaced with a hollow square dot matrix texture; or the fifth light-emitting surface is provided with a curve that matches the upper contour of the three inner components, and hollow vertical stripes are uniformly arranged below the curve on the fifth light-emitting surface.

[0010] Preferably, the inner component 2, inner component 3, and inner component 4 are all replaceable components; by replacing inner component 2, inner component 3, and inner component 4 with different surface microstructures, various differentiated light and shadow output effects can be switched without changing the shell, thick-walled parts, or PCB board.

[0011] Preferably, the system also includes a light source driving module, which is electrically connected to the LED light source on the PCB board. The light source driving module is used to adjust the brightness and color temperature of the LED light source, and, in conjunction with replaceable internal components, to achieve secondary fine-tuning of the luminous efficacy.

[0012] This invention also provides a method for implementing an adjustable visual optical system for automotive lighting, applied to the aforementioned adjustable visual optical system for automotive lighting, comprising the following steps: S1. The LED light source emits light, and its light enters the first light-incident surface of the thick-walled component. The light is initially homogenized and diffused by the textured microstructure of the first light-incident surface. Then, the light enters the interior of the thick-walled component and undergoes multiple total internal reflections. Finally, the light is output by the array optical microstructure of the first light-exiting surface in a composite form of refraction and scattering, thus completing the beam expansion from point light source to surface light source. S2. The beam-expanding light output by the thick-walled component is divided into an upper optical path and a lower optical path; S3. The light from the upper optical path is incident on the second light-incident surface of the inner component 2. The hot stamping light-shielding layer blocks the light from the non-laser-engraved hollowed-out preset pattern area. Only the light from the laser-engraved hollowed-out preset pattern position enters the interior of the inner component 2. After multiple total internal reflections by the substrate, it is emitted from the second light-emitting surface. Some of the light continues to be incident on the fifth light-incident surface of the inner component 3. It is propagated to the fifth light-emitting surface by total internal reflection. After the angle is modulated by the microstructure of the fifth light-emitting surface, it is emitted to form the upper texture light effect. S4. The light rays from the lower optical path are respectively incident on the third light-incident surface of the inner element three and the fourth light-incident surface of the inner element four. The light rays are propagated by total internal reflection inside the inner element three and the inner element four, and reach the skin texture microstructure of the corresponding light-emitting surface to form multi-directional diffuse scattering. Then, they are refracted and scattered by the irregular curved optical contour at the bottom to soften the bottom light-emitting boundary, thereby forming a gradient halo light effect at the bottom layer. S5: The upper texture light effect and the lower gradient shading light effect are superimposed to each other to output a complete composite visual light and shadow; by changing the internal components of different leather texture microstructures, and adjusting the brightness and color temperature of the LED light source, different artistic light and shadow effects can be switched.

[0013] As a preferred option, in step S5, by changing the textured microstructure of the fifth light-emitting surface, the following light and shadow effects can be output respectively: multi-layered anisotropic tilted stripe superposition light effect, hollow square dot matrix light effect, and hollow vertical stripe layered mountain light effect; the lower light path texture diffuse scattering combined with the irregular curve contour at the bottom achieves the ink-wash gradient blurring effect.

[0014] Preferably, the textured microstructure is a VDI18-VDI24 grade sun-printed texture; the unit height of the hexagonal, prism, or pyramid array microstructure is 0.15-0.4mm; the depth of the laser-engraved hollowed-out preset pattern is 0.08-0.2mm; and the thickness of the hot-stamped light-shielding layer is 5-20μm.

[0015] The technical effects of this invention are as follows: 1. The point light source is amplified and split by thick-walled components, resulting in an upper light path and a lower light path. The upper light path achieves high-precision and controllable fine texture light effects by relying on laser engraving, hot stamping to block light, and total internal reflection of internal components. The lower light path achieves soft gradient blur light effects by relying on the diffuse scattering of the leather-textured microstructure and the irregular curved optical contour at the bottom. The two light effects are superimposed to obtain clear texture and ink-wash style gradient blur at the same time.

[0016] 2. Each internal component is an independent and replaceable part; the main structure, including the shell, thick-walled parts, PCB board, and LED light source, is all universal. By simply replacing each internal component, you can switch between a variety of completely different artistic lighting effects without having to remake the entire mold, which significantly reduces the product development cycle and mold costs.

[0017] 3. It adopts mold-forming microstructure, laser engraving and hot stamping processes, which are different from traditional film printing. The microstructure is directly molded and replicated on the optical internal components. The hot stamping layer has strong adhesion and high temperature resistance, which solves the reliability problem of film aging, peeling and yellowing.

[0018] 4. Multiple light-incident surfaces are set up, and the three internal components simultaneously receive light from the two internal components and the thick-walled component to achieve optical path coupling. By combining different types of microstructures (texture, prism array, multi-layer anisotropic stripes, dot matrix, vertical stripes) to homogenize, deflect, block light, and diffuse scatter the light, multiple modulations can be achieved, such as ink wash painting, dot matrix technology style, and layered mountain ranges. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the structure between the housing and the lampshade.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the internal components inside the housing.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the light path inside the casing.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Housing; 2. PCB board; 3. Thick-walled component; 4. Internal component two; 5. Internal component three; 6. Internal component four; 7. Decorative ring; 8. Lampshade; 301. First light-incident surface; 302. First light-exit surface; 401. Second light-incident surface; 402. Second light-exit surface; 501. Third light-incident surface; 502. Third light-exit surface; 503. Fifth light-incident surface; 504. Fifth light-exit surface; 601. Fourth light-incident surface; 602. Fourth light-exit surface; 9. LED light source; 10. Upper light path; 11. Lower light path. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Example 1 The structure of this invention includes a housing 1, a PCB board 2, a thick-walled component 3, an inner component 2 4, an inner component 3 5, an inner component 4 6, a decorative ring 7, a lampshade 8, and a light source driving module. The PCB board 2 is fixed inside the housing 1 and is equipped with an LED light source 9.

[0025] The thick-walled component 3 is located on the light-emitting side of the LED light source 9. Its first light-incident surface 301 is directly coupled to the LED light source 9. The first light-incident surface 301 is provided with a leather texture microstructure of VDI22 grade. Its first light-emitting surface 302 is provided with a prism array optical microstructure. The height of the prism unit is selected to be 0.22mm, which is within the parameter range of 0.15-0.4mm. The first light-emitting surface 302 faces the inner component 4.

[0026] The second inner component 4 is located on the light-emitting side of the thick-walled component 3. Its second light-incident surface 401 is opposite to and parallel to the first light-emitting surface 302 of the thick-walled component 3. The second light-incident surface 401 is laser-engraved to form a regular polygon (small square) hollowed-out preset pattern. The laser engraving hollowing depth is 0.12mm, which is in the range of 0.08-0.2mm. The non-hollowed-out area is provided with a hot stamping light-shielding layer with a thickness of 12μm, which is in the range of 5-20μm thickness. Its second light-emitting surface 402 adopts a leather texture microstructure treatment, and the second light-emitting surface 402 faces the inner component 5. In this embodiment, the laser engraved hollowing pattern adopts a single square regular polygon. In practice, hexagons, triangles and other regular polygons can also be combined to obtain a richer basic pattern.

[0027] The third inner element 5 is located on the light-emitting side of the second inner element 4. Its third light-incident surface 501 receives light from the second light-emitting surface 402 of the second inner element 4, and its fifth light-incident surface 503 receives bypass light from the first light-emitting surface 302 of the thick-walled component 3, thus achieving coupling of the two light paths. The third light-emitting surface 502 is provided with a VDI22 grade leather texture microstructure. The fifth light-emitting surface 504 is provided with three layers of tilted stripes of different directions and widths at a 45° angle. The area outside the tilted stripes forms a hot-stamped light-shielding layer. The first layer is a tilted stripe from the upper right to the lower left at a 45° angle, and the second layer is a tilted stripe from the upper left to the lower right at a 45° angle. The tilted stripes of the first and second layers are arranged in opposite directions. The width of the second layer is twice that of the first layer. The tilted stripes of the third layer are arranged in the same direction as the first layer. The width of the third layer is 1.5 times that of the second layer. Both the third light-emitting surface 502 and the fifth light-emitting surface 504 face the lampshade 8.

[0028] Internal component 4 6 is located below internal component 3 5. Its fourth light-incident surface 601 is coaxially opposite to the first light-emitting surface 302 of the thick-walled component 3. The fourth light-emitting surface 602 is partially provided with a VDI22 grade textured microstructure, and the fourth light-emitting surface 602 faces the lampshade 8. The lampshade 8 is located on the light-emitting side of internal component 3 5 and internal component 4 6. The bottoms of internal component 2 4, internal component 3 5, and internal component 4 6 are all designed with irregular curved optical contours. The housing 1 houses the PCB board 2, the thick-walled component 3, and the entire internal component assembly. Figure 1 As shown, the decorative ring 7 is mounted on the light-emitting end of the housing 1, and the lampshade 8 is placed on the outside of the decorative ring 7. The light source driving module is electrically connected to the LED on the PCB board 2, and can adjust the LED brightness and color temperature in real time.

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, the LED light source 9 on the PCB board 2 is directly incident on the thick-walled component 3; the light enters from the first light-incident surface 301 of the thick-walled component 3, and the textured microstructure of the first light-incident surface 301 performs initial homogenization and diffusion on the LED point light source, weakening the original bright spot of the LED chip; the light enters the interior of the thick-walled component 3 and undergoes continuous total internal reflection, reaching the first light-emitting surface 302; the first light-emitting surface 302 is arranged with a prism array microstructure, and the prism unit height is 0.22mm; the light passes through the prism array and is output outward in a composite form of refraction and scattering, completing the beam expansion from a point light source to a large light-emitting area surface light source.

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, the expanded light beam is divided into an upper light path 10 and a lower light path 11. The light from the upper light path 10 is incident on the second light-incident surface 401 of the inner component 4. The second light-incident surface 401 is laser-engraved with a small square hollow pattern, and the remaining area forms a hot-stamped light-shielding layer. The hot-stamped light-shielding layer absorbs and blocks the light from the non-hollow areas, and only the light from the square hollow positions can enter the interior of the inner component 4 substrate. The light undergoes multiple total internal reflections inside the plastic substrate, and the light is constrained in its propagation path, only emitting from the square area corresponding to the second light-emitting surface 402, forming a square light-emitting pattern with sharp outlines. At the same time, the hot-stamped light-shielding layer prevents light leakage. In the off state, the hot-stamped light-shielding layer can also improve the appearance and texture of the parts.

[0031] Some of the light emitted from the inner element 2 4 is incident on the fifth light-incident surface 503 of the inner element 3 5 and enters the substrate of the inner element 3 5; the fifth light-emitting surface 504 is provided with three layers of sloping stripes of different directions and widths and tilted at 45°: the first layer is tilted at 45° from the upper right to the lower left; the second layer is tilted at 45° from the upper left to the lower right in the opposite direction, and its width is twice that of the first layer; the sloping stripes of the third layer are set in the same direction as the first layer, and their width is 1.5 times that of the second layer; a hot stamping light-shielding layer is formed in the area outside the sloping stripes. When the light propagates to the fifth light-emitting surface 504, only the sloping stripe positions are transparent. The sloping stripes of different directions and widths refract and deflect the light beam at different angles. Multiple deflected light beams intertwine with each other, outputting a rich layer of sloping texture upper layer light effect.

[0032] The light rays from the lower optical path 11 are incident on the third light-incident surface 501 of the inner element 3 5 and the fourth light-incident surface 601 of the inner element 4 6, respectively. The light rays are propagated by total internal reflection inside the inner elements 3 5 and 4 6, respectively, and reach the third light-exit surface 502 and the fourth light-exit surface 602. These two light-exit surfaces are provided with a VDI22 level textured microstructure. The light rays strike the micro-uneven surface of the textured microstructure and undergo multi-directional diffuse scattering, which breaks up the regular optical path and eliminates local bright spot glare. The light rays continue to propagate downward to the irregular curved optical contour at the bottom. The curvature of the curved contour changes continuously at different positions, and the light rays are continuously refracted and scattered at different angles, realizing a gradual halo transition from bright to dark at the bottom.

[0033] The upper layer of diagonal texture light effect and the lower layer of ink wash light effect are superimposed to form a multi-layered diagonal texture light effect, which ultimately outputs a visual effect of ancient style ink wash.

[0034] Example 2 This embodiment has the same main structure as embodiment 1, the only difference being the replacement of the internal component 3 5; the fifth light-emitting surface 504 is provided with a hollow square dot matrix textured microstructure, and the area outside the dot matrix is ​​formed by hot stamping to form a hot stamping light-shielding layer for light shielding.

[0035] Specifically, the light from the upper optical path 10 reaches the fifth light-emitting surface 504, where a hot-stamped light-shielding layer blocks the solid area, and the light can only be emitted outward from each hollow square dot matrix unit; each hollow square is equivalent to an independent micro light-emitting unit, and the light beam emitted by each unit diffuses outward slightly. The light beams of a large number of dot matrix units are superimposed to form a regular dot matrix texture upper layer light effect.

[0036] The lower optical path 11 continues to rely on the diffuse scattering of the skin texture microstructure and the irregular curve outline at the bottom to output a soft gradient shading of the underlying light effect, so that the dot matrix texture and the shading underlying layer are superimposed to form a hollow square dot matrix light effect, achieving a composite visual effect that blends modern technological dot matrix with ancient grandeur.

[0037] In addition, the tanning grade of the skin texture microstructure is usually in the range of VDI18 to VDI24 (including VDI18 and VDI24).

[0038] Example 3 This embodiment has the same main structure as embodiment 1, the only difference being the replacement of inner component 3 5; the fifth light-emitting surface 504 is provided with a curve parallel to the upper contour of inner component 3 5 and spaced 2mm apart, with uniformly arranged hollow vertical stripes below the curve, and a hot stamping light-shielding layer is formed in the area outside the curve and vertical stripes; only inner component 3 5 is retained in the lower light path 11 to participate in light distribution, and inner component 4 6 does not participate in the lower light path 11.

[0039] The light from the upper light path 10 reaches the fifth light-emitting surface 504. The hot-stamped light-blocking layer blocks the solid area, and the light can only be emitted from the hollow vertical stripe position. The vertical stripe structure deflects the light in the vertical direction, and the beam extends and arranges along the vertical direction to form a layered and continuous striped mountain texture upper layer light effect.

[0040] The light rays in the lower light path 11 are incident on the third light-incident surface 501. After total internal reflection, they reach the skin texture microstructure of the third light-exit surface 502, forming diffuse scattering, thus uniformly scattering the light. The irregular curved contour at the bottom softens the light-emitting boundary, and the whole presents the visual image of the Great Wall with a dragon coiling around it.

[0041] Example 4 This embodiment adds a light source driving module based on embodiments 1 to 3. The driving module can adjust the LED brightness and color temperature. Under the condition that the internal components remain unchanged, dimming the overall brightness will enhance the sense of light and shadow atmosphere. Increasing the color temperature will make the light effect lean towards a cool tone and a technological feel. Decreasing the color temperature will make the light effect lean towards a warm tone and an ancient style. The visual performance can be further enriched without changing the parts.

[0042] Example 5 The housing 1, thick-walled component 3, PCB board 2, LED, and lampshade 8 are all retained unchanged; the entire set of internal components can be directly disassembled and replaced with another set of internal components 2 4, internal components 3 5, and internal components 4 6 with different microstructures; no other parts need to be modified, and after assembly, another complete set of artistic lighting can be directly switched to achieve rapid model change.

[0043] This invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments described above. Anyone can derive other products in various forms under the guidance of this invention. However, regardless of any changes in shape or structure, any technical solution that is the same as or similar to this application falls within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable visual optical system for automotive lighting, characterized in that: It includes a housing (1), a PCB board (2), a thick-walled component (3), an internal component two (4), an internal component three (5), and an internal component four (6); the PCB board (2) is fixedly installed inside the housing (1), the PCB board (2) is equipped with an LED light source (9), and the thick-walled component (3) is correspondingly arranged on the light-emitting side of the LED light source (9); The thick-walled component (3) is configured with a first light-incident surface (301) and a first light-exiting surface (302). The first light-incident surface (301) is provided with a textured microstructure, which can perform initial homogenization and diffusion of the incident light from the LED light source (9). The first light-exiting surface (302) is provided with at least one array optical microstructure of hexagon, prism, or pyramid. After the light from the LED light source (9) enters the interior of the thick-walled component (3), it undergoes multiple total internal reflections and is finally emitted by the first light-exiting surface (302) in a composite optical form of refraction, superposition, and scattering, thereby expanding the light-emitting area. The inner component 2 (4) is provided with a second light-incident surface (401) and a second light-out surface (402). The second light-incident surface (401) is processed with a laser-engraved hollowed-out preset pattern, and its non-hollowed-out area is provided with a hot-stamped light-shielding layer. The hollowed-out pattern of the second light-out surface (402) and the second light-incident surface (401) are precisely matched, and the surface of the second light-out surface (402) is provided with a leather texture microstructure. The inner component four (6) is provided with a fourth light-incident surface (601) and a fourth light-outceasing surface (602). The fourth light-incident surface (601) is used to receive the emitted light from the thick-walled component (3), and the fourth light-outceasing surface (602) is provided with a textured microstructure in a local area. The bottom of the inner component two (4), inner component three (5), and inner component four (6) all adopt irregular curved optical contours to form a continuous variable angle refraction and scattering effect on the emitted light, effectively softening the light emission boundary and optimizing the overall vehicle lighting visual effect.

2. The adjustable visual optical system for automotive lighting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light output from the thick-walled component (3) is divided into an upper light path (10) and a lower light path (11). The light from the upper light path (10) is incident on the second light-incident surface (401) of the inner component two (4). Only the light from the laser-engraved pre-defined pattern area enters the interior of the inner component two (4). After multiple total internal reflections inside the inner component two (4), the light is emitted from the second light-out surface (402). Part of the emitted light is incident on the fifth light-incident surface (503) of the inner component three (5). After multiple total internal reflections inside the inner element three (5), the light is emitted from the microstructure region of the fifth light-emitting surface (504); the light from the lower optical path (11) is incident on the third light-emitting surface (501) of the inner element three (5) and the fourth light-emitting surface (601) of the inner element four (6), and the light undergoes multiple total internal reflections inside the inner element three (5) and the inner element four (6), and is emitted from the skin texture microstructure position of the third light-emitting surface (502) and the fourth light-emitting surface (602).

3. The adjustable visual optical system for automotive lighting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser-engraved hollowed-out preset pattern is one or more combinations of regular polygons.

4. The adjustable visual optical system for automotive lighting according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fifth light-emitting surface (504) has three layers of diagonally opposite and diagonally different widths of inclined stripes. The first layer is inclined at 45° from the upper right to the lower left. The second layer is inclined at 45° from the upper left to the lower right. The width of the inclined stripes in the second layer is twice that of the first layer. The inclined stripes in the third layer are inclined in the same direction as the first layer and are 1.5 times the width of the second layer. The fifth light-emitting surface (504) has a hot stamping light-shielding layer in the area outside the inclined stripes.

5. The adjustable visual optical system for automotive lighting according to claim 4, characterized in that, The array optical microstructure of the fifth light-emitting surface (504) can be replaced with a hollow square dot matrix texture; or the fifth light-emitting surface (504) is provided with a curve that matches the upper contour of the inner component three (5), and hollow vertical stripes are uniformly arranged below the curve on the fifth light-emitting surface (504).

6. An adjustable visual optical system for automotive lighting according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The inner component 2 (4), inner component 3 (5), and inner component 4 (6) are all replaceable components. By replacing inner component 2 (4), inner component 3 (5), and inner component 4 (6) with different surface microstructures, various differentiated light and shadow output effects can be switched without replacing the shell (1), thick-walled component (3), and PCB board (2).

7. The adjustable visual optical system for automotive lighting according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a light source driving module, which is electrically connected to the LED light source (9) on the PCB board (2); the light source driving module is used to adjust the brightness and color temperature of the LED light source (9), and, together with the replaceable internal components, to achieve secondary fine adjustment of the light effect.

8. A method for implementing an adjustable visual optical system for automotive lighting, applied to the adjustable visual optical system for automotive lighting as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The LED light source (9) emits light, and its light enters the first light-incident surface (301) of the thick-walled component (3). The light is initially homogenized and diffused by the texture microstructure of the first light-incident surface (301). Then the light enters the interior of the thick-walled component (3) and undergoes multiple total internal reflections. The light is then output by the array optical microstructure of the first light-out surface (302) in a composite form of refraction and scattering, thus completing the beam expansion from point light source to surface light source. S2. The beam-expanding light output by the thick-walled component (3) is divided into an upper optical path (10) and a lower optical path (11). S3. The light from the upper optical path (10) is incident on the second light-incident surface (401) of the inner component two (4). The hot stamping light-shielding layer blocks the light from the non-laser-engraved hollowed-out preset pattern area. Only the light from the laser-engraved hollowed-out preset pattern position enters the interior of the inner component two (4), and after multiple total internal reflections by the substrate, it is emitted from the second light-exiting surface (402). Some of the light continues to be incident on the fifth light-incident surface (503) of the inner component three (5), and after total internal reflection, it propagates to the fifth light-exiting surface (504). After the angle is modulated by the microstructure of the fifth light-exiting surface (504), it is emitted to form the upper texture light effect. S4. The light rays of the lower optical path (11) are respectively incident on the third light-incident surface (501) of the inner element three (5) and the fourth light-incident surface (601) of the inner element four (6); the light rays are propagated by total internal reflection inside the inner element three (5) and the inner element four (6), and reach the skin texture microstructure of the corresponding light-emitting surface to form multi-directional diffuse scattering; then they are refracted and scattered by the irregular curved optical contour at the bottom to soften the bottom light-emitting boundary, so that the bottom layer forms a gradient halo light effect; S5. The upper texture light effect and the lower gradient shading light effect are superimposed to each other to output a complete composite visual light and shadow; by changing the internal components of different leather texture microstructures; adjusting the brightness and color temperature of the LED light source (9) to switch different artistic light and shadow effects.

9. A method for implementing an adjustable visual optical system for automotive lighting according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S5, by replacing the skin texture microstructure of the fifth light-emitting surface (504), the following light and shadow effects can be output respectively: multi-layer anisotropic inclined stripe superposition light effect, hollow square dot matrix light effect, hollow vertical stripe layered mountain light effect; the lower light path (11) skin texture diffuse scattering combined with the bottom irregular curve contour to achieve the ink mist gradient blur effect.

10. A method for implementing an adjustable visual optical system for automotive lighting according to claim 8, characterized in that, The textured microstructure is a VDI18-VDI24 grade sun-printed texture; the unit height of the hexagonal, prism, or pyramid array microstructure is 0.15-0.4mm; the depth of the laser-engraved hollowed-out preset pattern is 0.08-0.2mm; and the thickness of the hot-stamped light-shielding layer is 5-20μm.

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