A nanofluid circulating flow heat exchange device

Abstract

A nanofluid circulating heat exchange device belongs to the field of heat exchange. Its features include a heat pipe, a sealing cap, a vaporizer, a conical condenser / liquefier, a nano-recirculation device, a working fluid transport body, and a return pipe holder. The heat pipe and sealing cap form a sealed loop hollow tube. The vaporizer, nano-recirculation device (return pipe holder), conical condenser / liquefier, working fluid transport body, and vaporizer are sequentially and tightly embedded within the tube. Gas flow gaps are left between the vaporizer, nano-recirculation device (return pipe holder), and conical condenser / liquefier. The gas generated by the vaporizer's boiling and vaporization, along with the nanofluid working fluid directionally transported by the nano-recirculation device, are simultaneously delivered to the conical condenser / liquefier. The conical condenser / liquefier dissipates heat and condenses into liquid. The liquid is then returned to the vaporizer via the working fluid transport body, forming a nanofluid circulation. This improves the heat exchange power of the self-starting loop heat pipe and is suitable for use in miniaturized, self-starting cooling and heat dissipation technologies in many fields such as electronics, aerospace, and energy storage.

Description

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of nanofluid heat exchange, and specifically relates to nanofluid loop heat pipe heat exchange technology. Background Technology

[0002] Nanofluids, formed by adding nanoparticles to liquids, can effectively improve the thermal conductivity of liquids. Therefore, nanofluids are widely used in the field of heat transfer. With the advancement of technology, nanofluids are gradually being applied to loop heat pipes, effectively improving the heat transfer capacity during the vaporization phase change at the evaporator end of the loop heat pipe and accelerating the vaporization phase change rate. This plays a positive role in the miniaturization and high efficiency development of loop heat pipes. However, in the evaporator, after the liquid is vaporized, the remaining high-concentration nanoparticles can easily clog the capillaries of the vaporization porous medium, hindering the generation and movement of bubbles in the capillaries, reducing the boiling vaporization capacity of the evaporator, and negatively impacting the heat transfer of the loop heat pipe. This invention provides a technical solution for the directional flow of nanofluids, eliminating the accumulation of nanoparticles in the porous medium of the evaporator, allowing the nanofluid to flow throughout the loop heat pipe, improving the thermal conductivity coefficient of the nanofluid in the loop heat pipe, further promoting the application of nanofluids in loop heat pipes, and playing a positive role in the development of loop heat pipes towards high heat transfer miniaturization. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides a heat exchange device with circulating nanofluid flow. The nanofluid working fluid in the heat exchanger flows continuously from the heating end to the cooling end and back to the heating end through another channel. Nanoparticles promote the vaporization of the working fluid in the evaporator, increasing the fluid's flow heat transfer coefficient during the flow process. Through phase change, heat is transferred from the heating end to the cooling end, achieving highly efficient heat exchange. This invention represents a comprehensive innovation over traditional loop heat pipes.

[0004] The present invention achieves its objective by employing the following approach: A heat exchange device for circulating nanofluid includes a heat pipe 1, a sealing cap 2, a vaporizer 3, a cone condenser 4, a nano reflux device 5, a working fluid transport body 6, and a reflux pipe fixing frame 7.

[0005] The heat pipe 1 includes a main pipe 1-1 and a return pipe 1-2, which are annular hollow channel pipes. The cross-sectional area of ​​the inner channel of the main pipe 1-1 is larger than that of the inner channel of the return pipe 1-2, and it is made of a highly thermally conductive metal material that is not easily deformed. For ease of explanation, the heat pipe 1 is described as a square pipe.

[0006] The sealing cap 2 includes a liquid injection nozzle 2-1 on its upper surface. The sealing cap 2 cooperates with the heat pipe 1 and tightly seals the heat pipe 1 to form a loop-sealed hollow tube. The vaporizer 3, nano reflux device 5, reflux pipe fixing bracket 7, cone condenser liquefaction device 4, working fluid transport body 6, and vaporizer 3 are arranged in a tightly circulated manner and embedded in the loop-sealed hollow tube. The sealing cap 2 is made of a metal material that is not easily deformed.

[0007] The vaporizer 3 includes a vaporization main plate 3-1, vaporization auxiliary plates 3-2, a boiling tongue 3-3, a liquid storage tank 3-4, and a vaporization delivery stepped interface 3-5. One vaporization main plate 3-1 and three surrounding vaporization auxiliary plates 3-2 form a funnel-shaped vaporization chamber. The bottom surface of the vaporization main plate 3-1 is in close contact with the inner bottom surface of the main pipe 1-1 of the heat pipe 1. Two parallel vaporization auxiliary plates 3-2 are in close contact with the corresponding two vertical inner wall surfaces of the main pipe 1-1. The other end of the vaporization auxiliary plate 3-2 is in close contact with one end of the vertical inner wall surface of the main pipe 1-1. The boiling tongue 3-3 is located at the outlet end of the funnel-shaped vaporization chamber. The bottom surface of the boiling tongue 3-3 is on the same plane as the bottom surface of the vaporization main plate 3-1. The upper surface of the boiling tongue 3-3 is lower than the upper surface of the vaporization main plate 3-1. The height and width of the boiling tongue 3-3 are both 3mm. The vertical end faces on both sides of the boiling tongue 3-3 are larger than the two parallel side vaporization auxiliary plates. The outer surface of plate 3-2 is recessed by 0.5mm; the liquid storage tank 3-4 is located in the loop pipe 1-2 channel of the heat pipe 1. The shape of the liquid storage tank 3-4 and the vaporization liquid delivery step interface 3-5 on the liquid storage tank 3-4 matches the inner wall of the loop pipe 1-2 of the heat pipe 1, so as to be in close contact with the inner wall of the loop pipe 1-2. The height of the liquid storage tank 3-4 is equal to the height of the inner wall of the loop pipe 1-2, so that the upper surface of the three vaporization auxiliary plates 3-2 and the liquid storage tank 3-4 in the vaporizer 3 is in close contact with the inner surface of the sealing cover 2. The upper surface of the vaporization main plate 3-1 has a vaporization gap from the inner surface of the sealing cover 2. The vaporizer 3 is a whole, made of foam copper material with a pore size of 100ppi-130ppi.

[0008] The pointed cone condenser 4 is composed of a group of miniature tetrapods of the same shape, parallel to each other longitudinally and laterally. The longitudinal microgrooves are deeper than the transverse microgrooves. All four vertical surfaces are planar, including: a front transverse vertical surface 4-3, two side vertical surfaces 4-4, and a back transverse vertical surface 4-5. Several insertion holes 4-1 are provided on the front transverse vertical surface 4-3, with a diameter of 2.5 mm and a depth of 1 mm. The center of the cross-section of the insertion hole 4-1 is located at the center of a longitudinal microgroove, and the lowest point of the inner wall of the insertion hole 4-1 is higher than the bottom line of the longitudinal microgroove. Several miniature tetrapods on the front transverse vertical surface 4-3 are... It has a V-shaped microgroove 4-2, the lowest edge of which is higher than the bottom line of the longitudinal microgroove. The V-shaped microgroove 4-2 is horizontally connected to two adjacent longitudinal microgrooves of the micro-quadrangular cone group. The two vertical surfaces 4-4 on the longitudinal side of the pointed cone condenser 4 are in close contact with the two vertical inner walls of the main pipe 1-1. The bottom surface of the pointed cone condenser 4 is in close contact with the inner bottom surface of the main pipe 1-1. The horizontal vertical surface 4-5 on the back of the pointed cone condenser 4 is aligned with the inner vertical inner wall of the inner side of the circuit pipe 1-2. There is a gap between the tip of the pointed cone condenser 4 and the inner surface of the sealing cap 2. The pointed cone condenser 4 is made of copper.

[0009] The nano-reflux device 5 includes a lower reflux hopper 5-1, an upper reflux hopper 5-2, a lower capillary tube 5-3, an upper capillary tube 5-4, and a collecting hood 5-5. The lower reflux hopper 5-1 has a semi-circular opening with a straight lower edge. The lower edges of several lower reflux hoppers 5-1 are aligned in a straight line. The smooth inner curved surfaces of the lower reflux hoppers 5-1 gradually converge to form small holes. These small holes have the same inner diameter as the lower capillary tube 5-3 and are in close contact with each other. The upper reflux hopper 5-2 has a parabolic opening with an upward tilt and a straight inlet edge. The inlet edges of several upper reflux hoppers 5-2 are aligned in a straight line. The smooth inner curved surfaces of the upper reflux hoppers 5-2 gradually converge to form small holes. These small holes have the same inner diameter as the upper capillary tube 5-4 and are in close contact with each other. The inner diameters of both the lower capillary tube 5-3 and the upper capillary tube 5-4 are 2 mm. mm; A collecting hood 5-5 is provided at the opening of the lower reflux hopper 5-1. The collecting hood 5-5 includes an upper plate and two side vertical plates. The plates are 0.5 mm thick and 3 mm wide. The upper plate is above the arc-shaped port of the lower reflux hopper 5-1 and tangent to the arc. The upper plate is horizontally set. The height of the upper surface of the upper plate from the bottom surface of the nano reflux device 5 is 0 to 10% greater than the height of the upper surface of the vaporization main plate 3-1 in the vaporizer 3 from the bottom surface of the vaporizer 3. There is a gap between the upper surface of the upper plate and the inner surface of the sealing cover 2. The outer surfaces of the two side vertical plates of the collecting hood 5-5 are on the same plane as the two side vertical surfaces of the lower reflux hopper 5-1 and the upper reflux hopper 5-2. The two vertical sides of the nano-reflux device 5 are in close contact with the two vertical inner walls of the main pipe 1-1 of the heat pipe 1. The bottom surface of the nano-reflux device 5 is in close contact with the inner bottom surface of the main pipe 1-1 of the heat pipe 1 without gap. The collecting shroud 5-5 tightly covers the boiling tongue 3-3 in the vaporizer 3. The upper plate of the collecting shroud 5-5 is in close contact with the vaporization main plate 3-1 without gap. The lower capillary tube 5-3 is inserted into the insertion hole 4-1 of the conical condenser liquefaction device 4. The outlet of the upper capillary tube 5-4 is in close contact with the V-shaped microgroove 4-2. The horizontal diameter of the outlet of the upper capillary tube 5-4 is in close contact with the V-shaped microgroove 4-2. 2. The central peaks are on the same straight line. Each lower reflux hopper 5-1, lower capillary tube 5-3, and insertion hole 4-1 of the conical condenser liquefaction device 4 in the nano reflux device 5 are connected and correspond to each other. Each upper reflux hopper 5-2 and upper capillary tube 5-4 in the nano reflux device 5 are connected and correspond to each other. The other outlet of each upper capillary tube 5-4 is connected and correspond to the tip of the V-shaped microgroove 4-2 of the conical condenser liquefaction device 4. The lower reflux hopper 5-1, upper reflux hopper 5-2, and collecting cover 5-5 of the nano reflux device 5 are made of quartz or copper material in one piece. All capillary tubes are quartz glass tubes.

[0010] The working fluid transport body 6 is L-shaped and integrally made of foamed copper material with a pore size of 100ppi. The bottom surface and each vertical surface of the working fluid transport body 6 are in close contact with the bottom surface and vertical inner wall surface of the main pipe 1-1 and the loop pipe 1-2, respectively. One inner vertical surface 6-3 of the main trunk 6-1 is in close contact with the transverse vertical surface 4-5 of the cone condenser 4. The other end of the main trunk 6-1 is provided with a main inverted stepped interface 6-2. The inverted stepped interface 6-2 is matched with the vaporization liquid delivery stepped interface 3-5 of the vaporizer 3 and is in close contact. The thickness of the working fluid transport body 6 is equal to the height of the vertical inner wall of the main pipe 1-1, so that the upper surface of the working fluid transport body 6 is in close contact with the inner surface of the sealing cap 2.

[0011] The reflux pipe fixing bracket 7 includes several lower capillary channels 7-1, several upper capillary channels 7-2, and a coolant plug wall 7-3. Several upper capillary outlets 7-4 and several lower capillary outlets 7-5 are provided on the coolant plug wall 7-3. The diameter of the upper capillary outlets 7-4 is equal to the outer diameter of the upper capillary, and the diameter of the lower capillary outlets 7-5 is equal to the outer diameter of the lower capillary. The bottom surface of the reflux pipe fixing bracket 7 is in close contact with the bottom surface of the main pipe 1-1 of the heat pipe 1. The two vertical sides of the reflux pipe fixing bracket 7 are in close contact with the two vertical surfaces of the main pipe 1-1 of the heat pipe 1. Each lower capillary channel 7-1 is fixed to the corresponding lower capillary 5-3 in the nano-reflux device 5. Each upper capillary channel 7-2 is fixed to the nano-reflux device 5. The corresponding upward-facing capillary tubes 5-4 are fixed in place. The coolant plug wall 7-3 is in close contact with the horizontal and vertical surfaces 4-3 of the conical condenser 4. The height of the upper surface of the coolant plug wall 7-3 from the bottom surface of the coolant plug wall 7-3 is slightly less than the height of the tip of the conical condenser 4 from the bottom surface of the conical condenser 4. The tip of the conical condenser 4 protrudes from the coolant plug wall 7-3. Several downward-facing capillary tube outlets 7-5 in the coolant plug wall 7-3 are concentric with several insertion holes 4-1 on the horizontal and vertical surfaces 4-3 of the conical condenser 4. Several upward-facing capillary tube outlets 7-4 in the coolant plug wall 7-3 are aligned with the center of the V-shaped microgrooves 4-2 on the horizontal and vertical surfaces 4-3 of the conical condenser 4.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention discloses a heat exchange device with nanofluid circulation. A vaporizer, a conical condenser / liquefier, a nanofluid reflux device, a working fluid transporter, and a reflux pipe holder are installed in a loop heat pipe. A nanofluid working fluid is injected, and the loop is sealed with a cap. The end housing the vaporizer is placed on the heat source requiring cooling, while the end housing the conical condenser / liquefier receives cooling. The nanofluid working fluid in the vaporizer undergoes a vaporization phase change, while the nanofluid in the nanofluid reflux device flows in a liquid state. These two phases coexist and flow into the conical condenser / liquefier for cooling and heat release. This invention's heat exchange device features low start-up power, a wide effective constant heat transfer power range, and high heat exchange power. Compared to other heat pipe technologies, its mechanical structure is completely different, achieving full-process flow of nanoparticles and possessing unique heat exchange advantages. It can be widely applied in miniaturized, self-starting cooling and heat dissipation technologies in electronics, aerospace, and energy storage fields. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is an overall appearance view of the heat exchange device for the nanofluid circulation flow of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the vaporizer structure of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pointed cone condenser liquefaction device of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the nano-recirculation device structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the working fluid transport body structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the reflux pipe fixing frame structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings: The present invention discloses a heat exchange device for nanofluid circulation, comprising a heat pipe 1, a sealing cap 2, a vaporizer 3, a conical condenser / liquefaction device 4, a nano-recirculation device 5, a working fluid transport body 6, and a recirculation pipe fixing bracket 7. Its overall structure is as follows. Figure 1 As shown, the internal structure is as follows Figure 2 As shown.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] The heat pipe 1 of the present invention includes a main pipe 1-1 and a return pipe 1-2, which are annular hollow channel pipes. The cross-sectional area of ​​the inner channel of the main pipe 1-1 is larger than that of the inner channel of the return pipe 1-2, and it is made of a high thermal conductivity metal material that is not easily deformed. The sealing cap 2 includes an injection nozzle 2-1 on its upper surface. The sealing cap 2 is made of a durable, non-deformable metal material. The sealing cap 2 mates with the heat pipe 1, sealing and fixing the sealing cap 2 and heat pipe 1 to form a loop hollow pipe with a large cross-sectional area in the main pipe 1-1 and a small cross-sectional area in the return pipe 1-2. Its structure is as follows... Figure 1 As shown. The vaporizer 3, nano-recirculation device 5, recirculation pipe holder 7, conical condenser liquefaction device 4, working fluid transport body 6, and vaporizer 3 are arranged in a tightly packed, cyclical manner and embedded in the loop hollow tube.

[0023] Example 2

[0024] The vaporizer 3 of this invention includes a vaporization main plate 3-1, a vaporization auxiliary plate 3-2, a boiling tongue 3-3, a liquid storage tank 3-4, and a vaporization liquid delivery stepped interface 3-5. Its structure is as follows: Figure 3 As shown. A vaporization main plate 3-1 and three surrounding vaporization auxiliary plates 3-2 form a bucket-shaped vaporization chamber. The bottom surface of the vaporization main plate 3-1 is in close contact with the inner bottom surface of the main pipe 1-1 of the heat pipe 1. Two parallel vaporization auxiliary plates 3-2 are in close contact with the corresponding two vertical inner wall surfaces of the main pipe 1-1. The other end of the vaporization auxiliary plate 3-2 is in close contact with one end of the vertical inner wall surface of the main pipe 1-1. The boiling tongue 3-3 is located at the outlet end of the bucket-shaped vaporization chamber. The bottom surface of the boiling tongue 3-3 is on the same plane as the bottom surface of the vaporization main plate 3-1. The upper surface of the boiling tongue 3-3 is lower than the upper surface of the vaporization main plate 3-1. The height and width of the boiling tongue 3-3 are both 3mm. The vertical end faces on both sides of the boiling tongue 3-3 are larger than the two parallel side vaporization auxiliary plates. The outer surface of plate 3-2 is recessed by 0.5mm; the liquid storage tank 3-4 is located in the loop pipe 1-2 channel of the heat pipe 1. The shape of the liquid storage tank 3-4 and the vaporization liquid delivery step interface 3-5 on the liquid storage tank 3-4 matches the inner wall of the loop pipe 1-2 of the heat pipe 1, so as to be in close contact with the inner wall of the loop pipe 1-2. The height of the liquid storage tank 3-4 is equal to the height of the inner wall of the loop pipe 1-2, so that the upper surface of the three vaporization auxiliary plates 3-2 and the liquid storage tank 3-4 in the vaporizer 3 is in close contact with the inner surface of the sealing cover 2. There is a vaporization gap between the upper surface of the main vaporization plate 3-1 and the inner surface of the sealing cover 2. The vaporizer 3 is a whole piece, made of foam copper material with a pore size of 100ppi-130ppi. The installation structure of the vaporizer 3 is as follows. Figure 2 As shown.

[0025] Example 3

[0026] The pointed cone condenser 4 of this invention is composed of a group of miniature tetrapods that are parallel in both longitudinal and transverse directions and have the same shape. The longitudinal microgrooves are deeper than the transverse microgrooves. All four vertical surfaces are planar, including: a front transverse vertical surface 4-3, two side vertical surfaces 4-4, and a back transverse vertical surface 4-5. Several insertion holes 4-1 are provided on the front transverse vertical surface 4-3, with a diameter of 2.5 mm and a depth of 1 mm. The center of the cross-section of the insertion hole 4-1 is located at the center of a longitudinal microgroove, and the lowest point of the inner wall of the insertion hole 4-1 is higher than the bottom line of the longitudinal microgroove. V-shaped microgrooves 4-2 are provided on the several miniature tetrapods on the front transverse vertical surface 4-3. The lowest edge of the V-shaped microgrooves 4-2 is higher than the bottom line of the longitudinal microgrooves, and the V-shaped microgrooves 4-2 are transversely connected to two adjacent longitudinal microgrooves of the miniature tetrapod group. Its structure is as follows: Figure 4 As shown. The two vertical sides 4-4 of the conical condenser 4 are in close contact with the two vertical inner walls of the main pipe 1-1. The bottom surface of the conical condenser 4 is in close contact with the inner bottom surface of the main pipe 1-1. The horizontal vertical side 4-5 of the conical condenser 4 is aligned with the inner vertical wall of the circuit pipe 1-2. There is a gap between the tip of the conical condenser 4 and the inner surface of the sealing cap 2. The conical condenser 4 is made of copper. The installation position of the conical condenser 4 is as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0027] Example 4

[0028] The nano-reflux device 5 of this invention includes a lowered reflux hopper 5-1, an uppered reflux hopper 5-2, a lowered capillary tube 5-3, an uppered capillary tube 5-4, and a collecting shroud 5-5. Its structure is as follows: Figure 5 As shown. The lower reflux hopper 5-1 has a semi-circular opening with a straight lower edge. The lower edges of several lower reflux hoppers 5-1 are aligned in a straight line. The smooth inner surfaces of the lower reflux hoppers 5-1 gradually converge to form a small hole. This small hole has the same inner diameter as the lower capillary tube 5-3 and their openings are aligned and in close contact. The upper reflux hopper 5-2 has a parabolic opening with an upward tilt and a straight inlet edge. The inlet edges of several upper reflux hoppers 5-2 are aligned in a straight line. The smooth inner surfaces of the upper reflux hoppers 5-2 gradually converge to form a small hole. This small hole has the same inner diameter as the upper capillary tube 5-4 and their openings are aligned and in close contact. The inner diameters of both the lower capillary tube 5-3 and the upper capillary tube 5-4 are 2. mm; A collecting hood 5-5 is provided at the opening of the lower reflux hopper 5-1. The collecting hood 5-5 includes an upper plate and two side vertical plates. The plates are 0.5 mm thick and 3 mm wide. The upper plate is above the arc-shaped port of the lower reflux hopper 5-1 and tangent to the arc. The upper plate is horizontally set. The height of the upper surface of the upper plate from the bottom surface of the nano reflux device 5 is 0 to 10% greater than the height of the upper surface of the vaporization main plate 3-1 in the vaporizer 3 from the bottom surface of the vaporizer 3. There is a gap between the upper surface of the upper plate and the inner surface of the sealing cover 2. The outer surfaces of the two side vertical plates of the collecting hood 5-5 are on the same plane as the two side vertical surfaces of the lower reflux hopper 5-1 and the upper reflux hopper 5-2. The two vertical sides of the nano-reflux device 5 are in close contact with the two vertical inner walls of the main pipe 1-1 of the heat pipe 1. The bottom surface of the nano-reflux device 5 is in close contact with the inner bottom surface of the main pipe 1-1 of the heat pipe 1 without gap. The collecting shroud 5-5 tightly covers the boiling tongue 3-3 in the vaporizer 3. The upper plate of the collecting shroud 5-5 is in close contact with the vaporization main plate 3-1 without gap. The lower capillary tube 5-3 is inserted into the insertion hole 4-1 of the conical condenser liquefaction device 4. The outlet of the upper capillary tube 5-4 is in close contact with the V-shaped microgroove 4-2. The horizontal diameter of the outlet of the upper capillary tube 5-4 is in close contact with the V-shaped microgroove 4-2. 2. The central peaks are aligned on a straight line. Each lower reflux hopper 5-1, lower capillary tube 5-3, and insertion hole 4-1 of the conical condenser liquefaction unit 4 in the nano-reflux device 5 are interconnected. Each upper reflux hopper 5-2 and upper capillary tube 5-4 in the nano-reflux device 5 are interconnected. The other outlet of each upper capillary tube 5-4 is in contact with the tip of the V-shaped microgroove 4-2 of the conical condenser liquefaction unit 4. The lower reflux hopper 5-1, upper reflux hopper 5-2, and collecting hood 5-5 of the nano-reflux device 5 are made of quartz or copper in one piece, and all capillary tubes are quartz glass tubes. The installation structure of the nano-reflux device 5 is as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0029] The working fluid transport body 6 is L-shaped and integrally made of foamed copper material with a pore size of 100ppi. The bottom surface and each vertical surface of the working fluid transport body 6 are in close contact with the bottom surface and vertical inner wall surface of the main pipe 1-1 and the return pipe 1-2, respectively. One inner vertical surface 6-3 of the main pipe 6-1 is in close contact with the transverse vertical surface 4-5 of the conical condenser liquefaction unit 4. The other end of the main pipe 6-1 is provided with a main inverted stepped interface 6-2, which mates with and is in close contact with the vaporization delivery stepped interface 3-5 of the vaporizer 3. The thickness of the working fluid transport body 6 is equal to the height of the vertical inner wall of the main pipe 1-1, ensuring that the upper surface of the working fluid transport body 6 is in close contact with the inner surface of the sealing cap 2. Its structure is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, its installation structure is as follows Figure 2 As shown.

[0030] Example 5

[0031] The reflux pipe fixing bracket 7 of this invention includes several lowered capillary support channels 7-1, several uppered capillary support channels 7-2, and coolant plugging walls 7-3. Its structure is as follows: Figure 7 As shown. The coolant plug 7-3 is provided with several upward-facing capillary outlets 7-4 and several downward-facing capillary outlets 7-5. The diameter of the upward-facing capillary outlets 7-4 is equal to the outer diameter of the upward-facing capillary, and the diameter of the downward-facing capillary outlets 7-5 is equal to the outer diameter of the downward-facing capillary. The bottom surface of the return pipe fixing bracket 7 is in close contact with the bottom surface of the main pipe 1-1 of the heat pipe 1. The two vertical sides of the return pipe fixing bracket 7 are in close contact with the two vertical sides of the main pipe 1-1 of the heat pipe 1. Each downward-facing capillary support 7-1 is fixed to the corresponding downward-facing capillary 5-3 in the nano-return device 5, and each upward-facing capillary support 7-2 is fixed to the corresponding upward-facing capillary 5-4 in the nano-return device 5. The coolant plug 7- 3. The coolant plug 7-3 is in close contact with the transverse vertical surface 4-3 of the conical condenser 4. The height of the upper surface of the coolant plug 7-3 from the bottom surface of the coolant plug 7-3 is slightly less than the height of the tip of the conical condenser 4 from the bottom surface of the conical condenser 4. The tip of the conical condenser 4 protrudes from the coolant plug 7-3. Several downward-facing capillary outlets 7-5 in the coolant plug 7-3 are concentric with several insertion holes 4-1 on the transverse vertical surface 4-3 of the conical condenser 4. Several upward-facing capillary outlets 7-4 in the coolant plug 7-3 are aligned with the center of the V-shaped microgroove 4-2 on the transverse vertical surface 4-3 of the conical condenser 4. The installation structure of the return pipe fixing bracket 7 is as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0032] To facilitate the explanation of this technical solution, the heat pipe 1 is defined as a square pipe. This document also frequently uses terms such as side vertical plane, upward-facing capillary, boiling tongue, liquid reservoir, and working fluid transport body, but the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely to more conveniently describe and explain the essence of this invention; interpreting them as any additional limitation would contradict the spirit of this invention.

Claims

1. A heat exchange device for circulating nanofluid, characterized in that, It includes heat pipe (1), sealing cap (2), vaporizer (3), cone condenser (4), nano reflux device (5), working fluid transport body (6), and reflux pipe fixing bracket (7); The heat pipe (1) includes a main pipe (1-1) and a return pipe (1-2), which is an annular hollow channel pipe. The cross-sectional area of ​​the channel inside the main pipe (1-1) is larger than that of the channel inside the return pipe (1-2), and it is made of a high thermal conductivity metal material that is not easily deformed. The sealing cap (2) includes a liquid injection nozzle (2-1) on the upper surface of the sealing cap (2). The sealing cap (2) cooperates with the heat pipe (1) and the sealing cap (2) tightly seals the heat pipe (1) to form a loop-sealed hollow tube. The vaporizer (3), nano reflux device (5), reflux tube fixing bracket (7), cone condenser (4), working fluid transport body (6), and vaporizer (3) are arranged in a tightly cyclical manner and are tightly embedded in the loop-sealed hollow tube. The sealing cap (2) is made of a metal material that is not easily deformed. The pointed cone condenser (4) is composed of a group of miniature tetrahedrons of the same shape that are parallel to each other in the longitudinal and transverse directions. The longitudinal microgrooves are deeper than the transverse microgrooves. All four vertical surfaces are planes, including a front transverse vertical surface (4-3), two side vertical surfaces (4-4), and a back transverse vertical surface (4-5). Several insertion holes (4-1) are provided on the front transverse vertical surface (4-3), with a diameter of 2.5 mm and a depth of 1 mm. The center of the cross-section of the insertion hole (4-1) is located at the center of a longitudinal microgroove. The lowest point of the inner wall of the insertion hole (4-1) is higher than the bottom line of the longitudinal microgroove. V-shaped microgrooves are provided on the several miniature tetrahedrons on the front transverse vertical surface (4-3). (4-2), the lowest edge of the V-shaped micro-groove (4-2) is higher than the bottom line of the longitudinal micro-groove, and the V-shaped micro-groove (4-2) is horizontally connected to the two adjacent longitudinal micro-grooves of the micro-quadrangular pyramid group; the two vertical sides (4-4) of the pointed cone condenser (4) are in close contact with the two vertical inner walls of the main pipe (1-1), the bottom surface of the pointed cone condenser (4) is in close contact with the inner bottom surface of the main pipe (1-1), the horizontal vertical side (4-5) of the pointed cone condenser (4) is aligned with the inner vertical inner wall of the circuit pipe (1-2), the tip of the pointed cone condenser (4) is separated from the inner surface of the sealing cap (2), and the pointed cone condenser (4) is made of copper.

2. The heat exchange device for nanofluid circulation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The vaporizer (3) includes a vaporization main plate (3-1), vaporization auxiliary plates (3-2), a boiling tongue (3-3), a liquid storage tank (3-4), and a vaporization delivery ladder interface (3-5). One vaporization main plate (3-1) and three surrounding vaporization auxiliary plates (3-2) form a bucket-shaped vaporization chamber. The bottom surface of the vaporization main plate (3-1) is in close contact with the bottom surface of the main pipe (1-1) of the heat pipe pipeline (1). Two parallel vaporization auxiliary plates (3-3, 3-4, 3-5) form a duct-shaped vaporization chamber. 3-2) The two vertical inner wall surfaces corresponding to the main pipe (1-1) are in close contact, and the vaporization auxiliary plate (3-2) at the other end is in close contact with one vertical inner wall surface of the main pipe (1-1); the boiling tongue (3-3) is located at the outlet end of the bucket-shaped vaporization chamber, the bottom surface of the boiling tongue (3-3) is on the same plane as the bottom surface of the vaporization main plate (3-1), the upper surface of the boiling tongue (3-3) is lower than the upper surface of the vaporization main plate (3-1), and the height and width of the boiling tongue (3-3) are... Both are 3mm. The vertical end faces on both sides of the boiling tongue (3-3) are recessed by 0.5mm compared to the outer surfaces of the two parallel side vaporization auxiliary plates (3-2). The liquid storage tank (3-4) is located in the return pipe (1-2) channel of the heat pipe pipe (1). The shape of the liquid storage tank (3-4) and the vaporization delivery ladder interface (3-5) on the liquid storage tank (3-4) matches the inner wall of the return pipe (1-2) of the heat pipe pipe (1) to cooperate with the return pipe (1-2). The inner wall should be in close contact. The height of the liquid storage tank (3-4) is equal to the height of the inner wall of the circuit pipe (1-2), so that the upper surface of the three vaporization auxiliary plates (3-2) and the liquid storage tank (3-4) in the vaporizer (3) are in close contact with the inner surface of the sealing cover (2). There is a vaporization gap between the upper surface of the vaporization main plate (3-1) and the inner surface of the sealing cover (2). The vaporizer (3) is a whole and is made of foam copper material with a pore size of 40ppi-60ppi.

3. The heat exchange device for nanofluid circulation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The nano-reflux device (5) includes a lower reflux hopper (5-1), an upper reflux hopper (5-2), a lower capillary (5-3), an upper capillary (5-4), and a collecting hood (5-5). The lower reflux hopper (5-1) has a semi-circular opening with a straight lower edge. The lower edges of several lower reflux hoppers (5-1) are aligned in a straight line. The inner curved surface of the lower reflux hopper (5-1) gradually converges into a small hole. The small hole has the same inner diameter as the lower capillary (5-3) and the openings are aligned and tightly connected. The upper reflux hopper (5-2) has a parabolic opening with an upward tilt and a straight inlet edge. The inlet edges of several upper reflux hoppers (5-2) are aligned in a straight line. The inner curved surface of the upper reflux hopper (5-2) gradually converges into a small hole. The small hole has the same inner diameter as the upper capillary (5-4) and the openings are aligned and tightly connected. Contact connection; the inner diameter of both the lower capillary (5-3) and the upper capillary (5-4) is 2mm; a collecting hood (5-5) is provided at the opening of the lower reflux hopper (5-1), the collecting hood (5-5) includes an upper plate and two side vertical plates, the plate thickness is 0.5mm and the width is 3mm, the upper plate is above the arc-shaped port of the lower reflux hopper (5-1) and tangent to the arc, the upper plate is horizontally set, the height of the upper surface of the upper plate from the bottom surface of the nano reflux device (5) is 0 to 10% greater than the height of the upper surface of the vaporization main plate (3-1) in the vaporizer (3) from the bottom surface of the vaporizer (3), the upper surface of the upper plate is separated from the inner surface of the sealing cover (2); the outer surface of the two side vertical plates of the collecting hood (5-5) is on the same plane as the two side vertical surfaces of the lower reflux hopper (5-1) and the upper reflux hopper (5-2); The two vertical sides of the nano-recirculator (5) are in close contact with the two vertical inner walls of the main pipe (1-1) of the heat pipe (1). The bottom surface of the nano-recirculator (5) is in close contact with the inner bottom surface of the main pipe (1-1) of the heat pipe (1) without gap. The collecting shroud (5-5) tightly covers the boiling tongue (3-3) in the vaporizer (3). The upper plate of the collecting shroud (5-5) is in close contact with the vaporization main plate (3-1) without gap. The lower capillary (5-3) is inserted into the insertion hole (4-1) of the cone condenser (4). The outlet of the upper capillary (5-4) is in close contact with the V-shaped microgroove (4-2). The horizontal diameter of the outlet of the upper capillary (5-4) is in close contact with the V-shaped microgroove (4-2). 4-2) The central peaks are on the same straight line. Each lower reflux hopper (5-1), lower capillary (5-3), and insertion hole (4-1) of the conical condenser (4) in the nano reflux device (5) are connected and correspond to each other. Each upper reflux hopper (5-2) and upper capillary (5-4) in the nano reflux device (5) are connected and correspond to each other. The other outlet of each upper capillary (5-4) is connected and correspond to the tip of the V-shaped microgroove (4-2) of the conical condenser (4). The lower reflux hopper (5-1), upper reflux hopper (5-2), and collection hood (5-5) of the nano reflux device (5) are made of quartz or copper material as a whole, and all capillary tubes are quartz glass tubes.

4. The heat exchange device for nanofluid circulation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The working fluid transport body (6) is L-shaped and integrally made of foamed copper material with a pore size of 30ppi. The bottom surface and each vertical surface of the working fluid transport body (6) are in close contact with the bottom surface and vertical inner wall surface of the main pipe (1-1) and the loop pipe (1-2), respectively. One inner vertical surface (6-3) of the main trunk (6-1) is in close contact with the back horizontal vertical surface (4-5) of the cone condenser (4). The other end of the main trunk (6-1) is provided with a main inverted stepped interface (6-2). The inverted stepped interface (6-2) is matched with the vaporization liquid delivery stepped interface (3-5) of the vaporizer (3) and is in close contact. The thickness of the working fluid transport body (6) is equal to the height of the vertical inner wall of the main pipe (1-1), so that the upper surface of the working fluid transport body (6) is in close contact with the inner surface of the sealing cap (2). The return pipe fixing bracket (7) includes several lower capillary channels (7-1), several upper capillary channels (7-2), and a coolant plug wall (7-3). Several upper capillary outlets (7-4) and several lower capillary outlets (7-5) are provided on the coolant plug wall (7-3). The diameter of the upper capillary outlet (7-4) is equal to the outer diameter of the upper capillary, and the diameter of the lower capillary outlet (7-5) is equal to the outer diameter of the lower capillary. With equal outer diameters, the bottom surface of the return pipe fixing bracket (7) is in close contact with the bottom surface of the main pipe (1-1) of the heat pipe pipe (1), and the two vertical sides of the return pipe fixing bracket (7) are in close contact with the two vertical sides of the main pipe (1-1) of the heat pipe pipe (1). Each lower capillary support channel (7-1) is fixed in conjunction with the corresponding lower capillary (5-3) in the nano-return device (5), and each upper capillary support channel (7-2) is fixed in conjunction with the nano-return device (5). The corresponding upward-facing capillary tube (5-4) is fixed in place, and the coolant plug (7-3) is in close contact with the transverse vertical surface (4-3) in the cone condenser (4). The height of the upper surface of the coolant plug (7-3) from the bottom surface of the coolant plug (7-3) is slightly less than the height of the tip of the cone condenser (4) from the bottom surface of the cone condenser (4). The tip of the cone in the cone condenser (4) is exposed. Due to the coolant plug wall (7-3); several lower capillary outlets (7-5) in the coolant plug wall (7-3) are concentric with several insertion holes (4-1) on the horizontal vertical surface (4-3) of the cone condenser (4); several upper capillary outlets (7-4) in the coolant plug wall (7-3) are aligned with the center of the V-shaped micro-groove (4-2) on the horizontal vertical surface (4-3) of the cone condenser (4).

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