Bearing radial play detection device and detection method

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of bearing quality detection, and discloses a bearing radial clearance detection device and a detection method. The bearing radial clearance detection device comprises a support stand, a positioning mandrel, an expansion mechanism, a pressure applying mechanism and a displacement measuring mechanism. The expansion mechanism is used for fixing the inner ring of the bearing on the positioning mandrel. The pressure applying mechanism comprises first and second pressure applying members arranged oppositely on the two sides of the positioning mandrel. The first and second pressure applying members are used for sequentially applying pressure to the surface of the outer ring of the bearing in the A direction, so that the outer ring of the bearing is offset relative to the inner ring. The inner ring of the bearing can be quickly expanded and fixed by the movement of the movable block in the A direction. Then, the outer ring of the bearing is sequentially pushed to two offset positions by the first and second pressure applying members. The radial clearance can be obtained by the numerical calculation of the displacement measuring mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bearing quality testing technology, and in particular to a bearing radial clearance testing device and testing method. Background Technology

[0002] Radial clearance of a rolling bearing is one of the key indicators for measuring the manufacturing precision and performance of the bearing, directly affecting the bearing's operating accuracy, temperature rise, noise, and service life. Radial clearance refers to the maximum distance that the other ring can move radially when either the inner or outer ring is fixed under no load; it is the sum of the gaps between the steel balls in the groove between the inner and outer rings and the grooves on both sides.

[0003] It is evident that the challenge in detecting radial clearance lies in ensuring that one of the inner or outer rings is fixed while the other moves relative to it, and simultaneously accurately measuring the maximum value of the movement. Existing detection devices or methods are mostly implemented manually with tools, relying on the operator's experience and skill. This results in poor repeatability of the detection results, low detection efficiency, and potential damage to the workpiece. They are ill-suited for the automated detection needs of batch bearings, especially for medium and large bearings, where the operational difficulty is even greater, and the accuracy of manual measurements is difficult to guarantee. While some automated detection equipment can achieve automatic fixing and detection, its drive, transmission, and clamping structures are complex, the operation process is cumbersome, and the detection cost is high, resulting in no significant improvement in overall efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a bearing radial clearance detection device and detection method, so as to complete the accurate measurement of bearing radial clearance in a simple, automatic and efficient manner.

[0005] To achieve this objective, the present invention employs the following technical solution: A bearing radial clearance detection device includes a support frame, a positioning mandrel, a tightening mechanism, a pressure applying mechanism, and a displacement measuring mechanism, wherein: The positioning mandrel is mounted on the support frame and is arranged horizontally along the axis. The end of the positioning mandrel is provided with a positioning section for fitting the bearing to be tested. The positioning section is clearance-fitted with the inner ring of the bearing. The tensioning mechanism includes a movable block that can move radially along the bearing to protrude from or embed into the circumferential surface of the positioning section. The moving direction of the movable block is set as direction A. When the movable block protrudes from the circumferential surface of the positioning section, it cooperates with the positioning section to press against the inner ring bore wall of the bearing, thereby fixing the inner ring of the bearing on the positioning mandrel. The pressure application mechanism includes a first pressure application member and a second pressure application member arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the positioning mandrel. The first pressure application member and the second pressure application member are used to apply pressure to the outer ring surface of the bearing in the A direction in turn, so that the outer ring of the bearing is offset relative to the inner ring to the first offset position and the second offset position respectively. The displacement measuring mechanism is used to measure the displacement difference in direction A when the outer ring of the bearing reaches the first offset position and the second offset position, so as to obtain the radial clearance of the bearing.

[0006] As an optional solution, the pressure applying mechanism also includes a first slider, a second slider, a cam, and a motor. A linear guide rail arranged along direction A is provided on the support frame and on one side of the positioning mandrel. The first slider and the second slider are slidably mounted on the linear guide rail. A first pressure applying element is mounted on the first slider, and a second pressure applying element is mounted on the second slider. The cam is located between the first slider and the second slider. A first tension spring is provided between the first slider and the second slider so that the first slider and the second slider are kept against the cam. The motor is mounted on the support frame, and the cam is mounted on the output shaft of the motor. The motor is used to drive the cam to rotate, so that the first slider and the second slider move closer to or away from the center of the cam, thereby driving the first pressure applying element and the second pressure applying element to press against or move away from the outer ring of the bearing, respectively.

[0007] As an alternative, the cam includes a disk portion and a first protrusion, a second protrusion, and a third protrusion protruding from the circumferential surface of the disk portion; When the cam is in the first position, the first slider abuts against the disk portion, and the first protrusion pushes open the second slider, so that the first pressure member presses against the outer ring of the bearing and the second pressure member moves away from the outer ring of the bearing. When the cam is in the second position, the second slider abuts against the disk portion, and the first protrusion pushes open the first slider, so that the second pressure member presses against the outer ring of the bearing and the first pressure member moves away from the outer ring of the bearing. When the cam is in the third position, the second protrusion pushes open the first slider, and the third protrusion pushes open the second slider, so that both the first and second pressure-applying parts separate from the outer ring of the bearing.

[0008] As an alternative, the second protrusion and the third protrusion are distributed on both sides of the first protrusion, and the central angles corresponding to the first protrusion and the second protrusion, and the central angles corresponding to the first protrusion and the third protrusion are both 90°.

[0009] As an alternative, the movable block is located at the top of the circumferential surface of the positioning section, with direction A being vertical. The positioning section is provided with a groove for accommodating the movable block. The tensioning mechanism also includes a lifting block and a first cylinder. The lifting block is located above the movable block and is fixedly connected to it. A mounting seat is provided on the support frame and on one side of the lifting block. The mounting seat is connected to the lifting block by a spring. The first cylinder is located directly above the lifting block. The first cylinder is used to push the lifting block downward to drive the movable block to embed into the positioning section. The spring is used to drive the lifting block and the movable block to return to their original positions upward when the first cylinder retracts, so that the movable block protrudes from the positioning section.

[0010] As an alternative, a fixed block is provided on the support frame above the lifting block, and a second tension spring is provided between the lifting block and the fixed block to help the lifting block return to its original position.

[0011] As an alternative, the positioning mandrel is provided with a shoulder for limiting the axial displacement of the bearing. The shoulder is located at the end of the positioning section. The movable block is L-shaped. The vertical section of the movable block is fixed to the lifting block. The horizontal section of the movable block extends from the shoulder to the positioning section along the axial direction of the positioning mandrel. A clamping ball is provided on the surface of the horizontal section of the movable block facing the inner ring of the bearing. A portion of the spherical surface of the clamping ball protrudes from the movable block, and the center of the clamping ball is located in direction A.

[0012] As an alternative, the displacement measuring mechanism includes a displacement gauge mounted on the lifting block, with the probe of the displacement gauge abutting against the outer ring surface of the bearing and arranged opposite to the clamping ball.

[0013] As an alternative, a movable seat is provided on the support frame and on one side of the lifting block. The movable seat is driven to move up and down by a second cylinder. A lever is provided on the movable seat. The lever is used to move the probe of the displacement gauge away from the outer ring surface of the bearing so as to avoid obstruction when the bearing is unloaded or loaded.

[0014] On the other hand, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A method for detecting bearing radial clearance, based on the aforementioned bearing radial clearance detection device, includes the following steps: S1, Place the bearing to be tested onto the positioning section of the positioning mandrel; S2 controls the movement of the movable block of the tensioning mechanism, so that the movable block cooperates with the positioning section to tighten the inner ring of the fixed bearing in direction A; S3, control the first pressure-applying component of the pressure-applying mechanism to move, push the outer ring of the bearing to the first offset position along the positive direction of A, and the displacement measuring mechanism measures the position value X1 of the outer ring of the bearing at this time; S4, the first pressure-applying component is reset, and the second pressure-applying component of the pressure-applying mechanism is controlled to move, pushing the outer ring of the bearing in the opposite direction of A to the second offset position. The displacement measuring mechanism measures the position value X2 of the outer ring of the bearing at this time. S5, calculate the difference between the two position values ​​ΔX=|X2-X1|, which is the radial clearance of the bearing; S6, the second pressure component resets, the tightening mechanism loosens the inner ring of the bearing, and the bearing that has completed the inspection is removed.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This bearing radial clearance detection device and method can quickly tighten and fix the inner ring of the bearing by moving the movable block along direction A. Then, the outer ring of the bearing is pushed to two offset positions by the first and second pressure components. The radial clearance can be obtained by numerical calculation through the displacement measuring mechanism. The overall structure is simple, the operation process is concise and clear, and it can realize automated detection without manual intervention. The detection results have good repeatability, high accuracy, high detection efficiency, and low cost, and can meet the automated detection needs of batch bearings. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a first-view structural schematic diagram of the bearing radial clearance detection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a second-view structural schematic diagram of the bearing radial clearance detection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a third-view structural schematic diagram of the bearing radial clearance detection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] In the attached image: 1. Support frame; 2. Positioning mandrel; 21. Positioning section; 22. Shoulder; 23. Groove; 3. Tensioning mechanism; 31. Movable block; 32. Lifting block; 33. First cylinder; 34. Mounting base; 35. Spring; 36. Fixed block; 37. Second tension spring; 38. Top ball; 4. Pressure applying mechanism; 41. First pressure applying component; 42. Second pressure applying component; 43. First slider; 44. Second slider; 45. Cam; 451. Disc portion; 452. First protrusion; 453. Second protrusion; 454. Third protrusion; 46. Motor; 47. Linear guide rail; 48. First tension spring; 5. Displacement measuring mechanism; 51. Displacement gauge; 52. Moving seat; 53. Second cylinder; 54. Lever. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar components or components having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0019] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or a detachable connection; a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0020] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "on the upper side," and "over" the second feature include the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature include the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0021] To address the problems of existing bearing radial clearance detection devices, such as complex structure, low automation, and insufficient detection accuracy and efficiency, this invention provides a bearing radial clearance detection device and method to achieve simple, automatic, and efficient accurate measurement of bearing radial clearance. The technical solution of this invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] Specifically, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the bearing radial clearance detection device of this embodiment includes a support frame 1, a positioning mandrel 2, a tightening mechanism 3, a pressure applying mechanism 4, and a displacement measuring mechanism 5, wherein: The positioning mandrel 2 is mounted on the support frame 1. The positioning mandrel 2 is arranged horizontally in the axial direction. The end of the positioning mandrel 2 is provided with a positioning section 21 for fitting the bearing to be tested. The positioning section 21 is clearance-fitted with the inner ring of the bearing. The tensioning mechanism 3 includes a movable block 31, which can move radially along the bearing to protrude from or embed into the circumferential surface of the positioning section 21. The moving direction of the movable block 31 is set as direction A. When the movable block 31 protrudes from the circumferential surface of the positioning section 21, it cooperates with the positioning section 21 to press against the inner ring hole wall of the bearing, so as to fix the inner ring of the bearing on the positioning mandrel 2. The pressure applying mechanism 4 includes a first pressure applying member 41 and a second pressure applying member 42 arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the positioning mandrel 2. The first pressure applying member 41 and the second pressure applying member 42 are used to apply pressure to the outer ring surface of the bearing in the A direction in turn, so that the outer ring of the bearing is offset relative to the inner ring to the first offset position and the second offset position respectively. The displacement measuring mechanism 5 is used to measure the displacement difference in the A direction when the outer ring of the bearing reaches the first offset position and the second offset position, so as to obtain the radial clearance of the bearing.

[0023] Therefore, the bearing radial clearance detection device can quickly tighten and fix the inner ring of the bearing by moving the movable block 31 along the A direction. Then, the outer ring of the bearing is pushed to two offset positions by the first pressure member 41 and the second pressure member 42. The radial clearance can be obtained by numerical calculation by the displacement measuring mechanism 5. The overall structure is simple, the operation process is concise and clear, and it can realize automated detection without manual intervention. The detection results have good repeatability, high accuracy, high detection efficiency, and low cost, and can meet the automated detection needs of batch bearings.

[0024] This embodiment adopts a vertical arrangement structure. In order to reduce the influence of gravity on the test results, the A direction is preferably set as the vertical direction. Therefore, the first pressure member 41 and the second pressure member 42 are also arranged in the vertical direction. The first pressure member 41 applies vertical downward pressure to the outer ring of the bearing, and the second pressure member 42 applies vertical upward pressure to the outer ring of the bearing.

[0025] To drive the first pressure-applying component 41 and the second pressure-applying component 42, the pressure-applying mechanism 4 may optionally include a first slider 43, a second slider 44, a cam 45, and a motor 46. A linear guide rail 47 arranged along the A direction is provided on the support frame 1 and on one side of the positioning spindle 2. The first slider 43 and the second slider 44 are slidably mounted on the linear guide rail 47. The first pressure-applying component 41 is mounted on the first slider 43, and the second pressure-applying component 42 is mounted on the second slider 44. The cam 45 is located between the first slider 43 and the second slider 44. A first tension spring 48 is provided between the first slider 43 and the second slider 44 so that the first slider 43 and the second slider 44 are kept against the cam 45. The motor 46 is mounted on the support frame 1, and the cam 45 is mounted on the output shaft of the motor 46. The motor 46 is used to drive the cam 45 to rotate, so that the first slider 43 and the second slider 44 move closer to or away from the center of the cam 45, thereby driving the first pressure-applying component 41 and the second pressure-applying component 42 to press against or move away from the outer ring of the bearing, respectively.

[0026] By using a single cam 45 to simultaneously drive the first pressure-applying component 41 and the second pressure-applying component 42 to alternately move, only a single motor 46 is needed to achieve the cycle of pressure application. There is no need to configure separate drive components, making the structure simpler and the action logic clear. The angular position of the cam 45 can accurately correspond to the pressure state, eliminating the need for additional position sensors, further simplifying the device structure and reducing costs.

[0027] Furthermore, the cam 45 includes a disk portion 451 and a first protrusion 452, a second protrusion 453, and a third protrusion 454 protruding from the circumferential surface of the disk portion 451. When the cam 45 is in the first position, the first slider 43 abuts against the disk portion 451, and the first protrusion 452 pushes open the second slider 44, causing the first pressure member 41 to press against the outer ring of the bearing and the second pressure member 42 to move away from the outer ring of the bearing, causing the outer ring of the bearing to shift to one side relative to the inner ring under the action of the first pressure member 41; when the cam 45 is in the second position... The second slider 44 abuts against the disc portion 451, and the first protrusion 452 pushes open the first slider 43, so that the second pressure member 42 presses against the outer ring of the bearing and the first pressure member 41 moves away from the outer ring of the bearing, so that the outer ring of the bearing shifts to the other side relative to the inner ring under the action of the second pressure member 42; when the cam 45 is in the third position, the second protrusion 453 pushes open the first slider 43, and the third protrusion 454 pushes open the second slider 44, so that both the first pressure member 41 and the second pressure member 42 are separated from the outer ring of the bearing, which facilitates the bearing loading and unloading operation.

[0028] In this embodiment, the second protrusion 453 and the third protrusion 454 are distributed on both sides of the first protrusion 452, and the central angles corresponding to the first protrusion 452 and the second protrusion 453, and the central angles corresponding to the first protrusion 452 and the third protrusion 454 are both 90°, that is, the second protrusion 453 and the third protrusion 454 are distributed at 180°.

[0029] See details Figure 3 In the initial state, cam 45 is in the third position, that is, the second protrusion 453 is located at the top position of cam 45, the third protrusion 454 is located at the bottom position of cam 45, and the first protrusion 452 is located on the right side of cam 45. When the first pressure-applying member 41 applies pressure, in the initial state, motor 46 drives cam 45 to rotate 90° clockwise, so that cam 45 rotates to the first position. At this time, the first protrusion 452 rotates to the bottom position and pushes open the second slider 44, and the first slider 43 naturally approaches the disc portion 451 of cam 45. When the second pressure-applying member 42 applies pressure, in the initial state, motor 46 drives cam 45 to rotate 90° counterclockwise, so that cam 45 rotates to the second position. At this time, the first protrusion 452 rotates to the top position and pushes open the first slider 43, and the second slider 44 naturally approaches the disc portion 451 of cam 45.

[0030] Since direction A is vertical, the movable block 31 is designed to be located at the top of the circumferential surface of the positioning section 21. The positioning section 21 is provided with a groove 23 for accommodating the movable block 31. The tensioning mechanism 3 also includes a lifting block 32 and a first cylinder 33. The lifting block 32 is located above the movable block 31 and is fixedly connected to the movable block 31. A mounting seat 34 is provided on the support frame 1 and on one side of the lifting block 32. The mounting seat 34 is connected to the lifting block 32 by a spring piece 35. The first cylinder 33 is located directly above the lifting block 32. The first cylinder 33 is used to push the lifting block 32 downward to drive the movable block 31 to be embedded in the positioning section 21. The spring piece 35 is used to drive the lifting block 32 and the movable block 31 to return upward when the first cylinder 33 retracts, so that the movable block 31 protrudes out of the positioning section 21.

[0031] The piston rod of the first cylinder 33 extends and pushes the lifting block 32 downward, causing the movable block 31 to engage with the positioning section 21, thus disabling the tightening function. When the piston rod of the first cylinder 33 retracts, the spring plate 35 uses its own elastic force to pull the lifting block 32 and the movable block 31 upward to reset, thereby causing the movable block 31 to protrude out of the positioning section 21. With the help of the bearing's gravity, the movable block 31 cooperates with the positioning section 21 to stably support the inner ring of the bearing and ensure that the bearing's center of gravity is located in direction A, avoiding the generation of additional deflection torque that would affect the final detection accuracy. In addition, the tightening is achieved through the reset force of the spring plate 35, avoiding the over-tightening problem that may exist in rigid mechanisms, and will not cause additional damage to the inner ring of the bearing. At the same time, the structure is simple, the response is fast, and no additional complex transmission structure is required.

[0032] Furthermore, a fixing block 36 is provided on the support frame 1 above the lifting block 32. A second tension spring 37 is provided between the lifting block 32 and the fixing block 36. The second tension spring 37 is used to help the lifting block 32 reset upward, improve the reset reliability, avoid the failure of the movable block 31 to protrude properly from the positioning section 21 due to the decrease of the elasticity of the spring 35 after long-term use, and ensure that the tensioning force is stable enough to ensure that the fixing effect of the bearing inner ring meets the test requirements.

[0033] Optionally, the positioning mandrel 2 is provided with a shoulder 22 for limiting the axial displacement of the bearing. The shoulder 22 is located at the end of the positioning section 21. The movable block 31 is L-shaped. The vertical section of the movable block 31 is fixed to the lifting block 32. The horizontal section of the movable block 31 extends from the shoulder 22 to the positioning section 21 along the axial direction of the positioning mandrel 2. A clamping ball 38 is provided on the surface of the horizontal section of the movable block 31 facing the inner ring of the bearing. A portion of the spherical surface of the clamping ball 38 protrudes from the movable block 31. The center of the clamping ball 38 is located in direction A.

[0034] The shoulder 22 can prevent the bearing from continuing to move axially after the bearing is installed in place, ensuring the positional accuracy of the bearing on the positioning mandrel 2. The movable block 31 adopts an L-shaped design, which can not only adapt to the installation space of the shoulder 22, but also extend axially to increase the contact range with the inner ring hole wall of the bearing. With the spherical protruding clamping ball 38, the clamping force can be stably applied in the A direction through point contact, avoiding uneven contact stress or force direction deviation from affecting the test results and ensuring the test accuracy.

[0035] Optionally, the displacement measuring mechanism 5 includes a displacement gauge 51 mounted on the lifting block 32, with the probe of the displacement gauge 51 abutting against the outer ring surface of the bearing and arranged opposite to the clamping ball 38.

[0036] The displacement gauge 51 moves synchronously with the lifting block 32, ensuring that the displacement measurement reference is consistent with the reference of the tensioning mechanism 3. This eliminates measurement deviations caused by installation errors, improves the accuracy of displacement measurement, and thus ensures the accuracy of radial clearance calculation. In this embodiment, the probe of the displacement gauge 51 is also arranged vertically downwards, contacting the top of the outer ring of the bearing. To avoid interference with the first pressure-applying component 41, the first pressure-applying component 41 can be a pressure plate that applies pressure to the outer ring of the bearing. The pressure plate has a clearance notch for the probe of the displacement gauge 51 to pass through. The second pressure-applying component 42 is unaffected and can be a push rod that applies pressure to the bottom of the outer ring of the bearing.

[0037] Furthermore, a movable seat 52 is provided on the support frame 1 and on one side of the lifting block 32. The movable seat 52 is driven to move up and down by the second cylinder 53. A lever 54 is provided on the movable seat 52. The lever 54 is used to move the probe of the displacement ruler 51 away from the outer ring surface of the bearing so as to avoid it when the bearing is unloaded or loaded.

[0038] The probe of the displacement gauge 51 is designed with elastic contact. When the bearing is being loaded or unloaded, the second cylinder 53 drives the moving seat 52 to rise, which in turn drives the lever 54 to lift the probe of the displacement gauge 51, so that the probe is removed from the mounting position of the outer ring of the bearing. This makes it convenient for the operator or the automated loading mechanism to put the bearing onto the positioning section 21. When the bearing needs to be inspected, the second cylinder 53 drives the moving seat 52 to fall, and the moving seat 52 drives the lever 54 to move down and reset. The probe falls and contacts the top of the outer ring of the bearing, and the subsequent inspection can begin.

[0039] Based on the above-described bearing radial clearance detection device, the bearing radial clearance detection method of this embodiment includes the following steps: S1, The bearing to be tested is placed on the positioning section 21 of the positioning mandrel 2; S2, control the movement of the movable block 31 of the tensioning mechanism 3, so that the movable block 31 cooperates with the positioning section 21 to tighten the inner ring of the fixed bearing in the A direction; S3, control the first pressure member 41 of the pressure application mechanism 4 to move, push the outer ring of the bearing to the first offset position along the positive direction of A, and the displacement measuring mechanism 5 measures the position value X1 of the outer ring of the bearing at this time; S4, the first pressure-applying component 41 is reset, and the second pressure-applying component 42 of the pressure-applying mechanism 4 is activated to push the outer ring of the bearing in the opposite direction of A to the second offset position. The displacement measuring mechanism 5 measures the position value X2 of the outer ring of the bearing at this time. S5, calculate the difference between the two position values ​​ΔX=|X2-X1|, which is the radial clearance of the bearing; S6, the second pressure component 42 resets, the tensioning mechanism 3 loosens the inner ring of the bearing, and the bearing that has completed the inspection is removed.

[0040] Specifically, before step S1, cam 45 is pre-held in the third position. At this time, both the first pressure member 41 and the second pressure member 42 are in a state far away from the bearing installation position. The movable block 31 of the tensioning mechanism 3 retracts into the groove 23, and the probe of the displacement gauge 51 is lifted and moved aside by the lever 54, making it easier to fit the bearing into the positioning section 21. When fitting the bearing, the inner ring of the bearing is aligned with the positioning section 21 and pushed in until the end face of the inner ring abuts against the shoulder 22, thus completing the axial positioning of the bearing.

[0041] After completing step S2, the second cylinder 53 drives the moving seat 52 to move the lever 54 downward, and the probe of the displacement ruler 51 falls and resets to abut against the top of the outer ring of the bearing; the piston rod of the first cylinder 33 retracts, and under the combined action of the spring 35 and the second tension spring 37, the lifting block 32 drives the movable block 31 to move upward, so that the movable block 31 protrudes out of the positioning section 21, and the pressing ball 38 cooperates with the lower edge of the positioning section 21 to press against the inner ring hole wall of the bearing, thus completing the expansion and fixing of the inner ring of the bearing, and the testing process can then begin.

[0042] In step S3, the motor 46 drives the cam 45 to rotate 90° clockwise. When the cam 45 rotates to the first position, the first protrusion 452 rotates to the bottom position and pushes open the second slider 44. Under the pulling force of the first tension spring 48, the first slider 43 approaches the disc part 451 of the cam 45, which drives the first pressure member 41 to move downward to press the outer ring of the bearing, so that the outer ring is offset downward to the first offset position.

[0043] In step S4, the motor 46 drives the cam 45 to rotate counterclockwise by 90°, and the cam 45 rotates from the first position to the third position to reset. The motor 46 continues to drive the cam 45 to rotate counterclockwise by 90°, and the cam 45 rotates from the third position to the second position. The first protrusion 452 rotates to the top position and pushes open the first slider 43. Under the pulling force of the first tension spring 48, the second slider 44 approaches the disc part 451 of the cam 45, which drives the second pressure member 42 to move upward to press the outer ring of the bearing, so that the outer ring is offset upward to the second offset position.

[0044] After step S5 is completed, the piston rod of the first cylinder 33 extends and pushes the lifting block 32 down, causing the movable block 31 to retract into the groove 23 and release the inner ring of the bearing. The second cylinder 53 drives the moving seat 52 again, causing the lever 54 to move up and lift the probe of the displacement ruler 51. The cam 45 returns to the third position, and the bearing that has been inspected can be easily removed to prepare for the inspection of the next bearing. The entire inspection process is smooth and can achieve fully automated continuous inspection.

[0045] In summary, the bearing radial clearance detection device and method have the following advantages: 1) The alternating drive of the first pressure component 41 and the second pressure component 42 can be achieved by driving the cam 45 to the corresponding position with only a single motor 46. The structure is simple, no need to configure multiple drive elements and position sensing elements, low cost, clear action logic and high transmission accuracy. 2) The inner ring of the bearing can be quickly fixed through the expansion mechanism 3. The expansion force is stable and will not cause damage to the inner ring of the bearing. The loading and unloading are convenient and the fixing effect is good. It can ensure the stability of the measurement benchmark and improve the detection accuracy. 3) With the inner ring fixed, the radial clearance can be obtained by directly measuring the displacement difference between the two offset positions by applying pressure twice to offset the outer ring. The calculation logic is simple, the detection speed is fast, the repeatability is good, the result accuracy is high, and it is suitable for batch automated detection needs. 4) The vertical layout structure, combined with the vertical pressure testing direction, can be adapted to the conventional layout of automated loading and unloading equipment, and can be easily integrated into the existing bearing processing production line without the need for large-scale modification of the existing production line layout. It has high application flexibility and is suitable for the testing needs of various bearings.

[0046] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bearing radial clearance detection device, characterized in that, It includes a support frame (1), a positioning mandrel (2), a tensioning mechanism (3), a pressure applying mechanism (4), and a displacement measuring mechanism (5), wherein: The positioning mandrel (2) is mounted on the support frame (1). The positioning mandrel (2) is arranged horizontally in the axial direction. The end of the positioning mandrel (2) is provided with a positioning section (21) for fitting the bearing to be tested. The positioning section (21) is in clearance fit with the inner ring of the bearing. The tensioning mechanism (3) includes a movable block (31), which can move radially along the bearing to protrude from or embed into the circumferential surface of the positioning section (21). The moving direction of the movable block (31) is set as direction A. When the movable block (31) protrudes from the circumferential surface of the positioning section (21), it cooperates with the positioning section (21) to press against the inner ring hole wall of the bearing, so as to fix the inner ring of the bearing on the positioning mandrel (2). The pressure applying mechanism (4) includes a first pressure applying member (41) and a second pressure applying member (42) arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the positioning mandrel (2). The first pressure applying member (41) and the second pressure applying member (42) are used to apply pressure to the outer ring surface of the bearing in the A direction in turn, so that the outer ring of the bearing is offset relative to the inner ring to the first offset position and the second offset position respectively. The displacement measuring mechanism (5) is used to measure the displacement difference in the A direction when the outer ring of the bearing reaches the first offset position and the second offset position, so as to obtain the radial clearance of the bearing.

2. The bearing radial clearance detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure applying mechanism (4) further includes a first slider (43), a second slider (44), a cam (45), and a motor (46). A linear guide rail (47) arranged along the A direction is provided on the support frame (1) and on one side of the positioning spindle (2). The first slider (43) and the second slider (44) are slidably disposed on the linear guide rail (47). The first pressure applying element (41) is installed on the first slider (43), and the second pressure applying element (42) is installed on the second slider (44). The cam (45) is located between the first slider (43) and the second slider (44). A first tension spring (48) is provided between (43) and the second slider (44), so that the first slider (43) and the second slider (44) respectively abut against the cam (45). The motor (46) is mounted on the support frame (1), and the cam (45) is mounted on the output shaft of the motor (46). The motor (46) is used to drive the cam (45) to rotate, so that the first slider (43) and the second slider (44) move closer to or away from the center of the cam (45), thereby driving the first pressure member (41) and the second pressure member (42) to press against or move away from the outer ring of the bearing.

3. The bearing radial clearance detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cam (45) includes a disk portion (451) and a first protrusion (452), a second protrusion (453) and a third protrusion (454) protruding from the circumferential surface of the disk portion (451); When the cam (45) is in the first position, the first slider (43) abuts against the disk portion (451), and the first protrusion (452) pushes open the second slider (44), so that the first pressure member (41) presses against the outer ring of the bearing and the second pressure member (42) moves away from the outer ring of the bearing. When the cam (45) is in the second position, the second slider (44) abuts against the disk portion (451), and the first protrusion (452) pushes open the first slider (43), so that the second pressure member (42) presses against the outer ring of the bearing and the first pressure member (41) moves away from the outer ring of the bearing. When the cam (45) is in the third position, the second protrusion (453) pushes open the first slider (43), and the third protrusion (454) pushes open the second slider (44), so that the first pressure member (41) and the second pressure member (42) are both separated from the outer ring of the bearing.

4. The bearing radial clearance detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second protrusion (453) and the third protrusion (454) are distributed on both sides of the first protrusion (452), and the central angles corresponding to the first protrusion (452) and the second protrusion (453) and the first protrusion (452) and the third protrusion (454) are both 90°.

5. The bearing radial clearance detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable block (31) is located at the top of the circumferential surface of the positioning section (21), and the A direction is vertical. The positioning section (21) is provided with a groove (23) for accommodating the movable block (31). The tensioning mechanism (3) also includes a lifting block (32) and a first cylinder (33). The lifting block (32) is located above the movable block (31) and is fixedly connected to the movable block (31). A mounting base (34) is provided on the support frame (1) and on one side of the lifting block (32). The mounting base (34) is connected to the lifting block (32) by a spring piece (35). The first cylinder (33) is located directly above the lifting block (32). The first cylinder (33) is used to push the lifting block (32) downward to drive the movable block (31) to embed into the positioning section (21). The spring piece (35) is used to drive the lifting block (32) and the movable block (31) to return to their original position upward when the first cylinder (33) retracts, so that the movable block (31) protrudes from the positioning section (21).

6. The bearing radial clearance detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, A fixing block (36) is provided on the support frame (1) and above the lifting block (32). A second tension spring (37) is provided between the lifting block (32) and the fixing block (36). The second tension spring (37) is used to help the lifting block (32) return to its original position.

7. The bearing radial clearance detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The positioning mandrel (2) is provided with a shoulder (22) for limiting the axial displacement of the bearing. The shoulder (22) is located at the end of the positioning section (21). The movable block (31) is L-shaped. The vertical section of the movable block (31) is fixed to the lifting block (32). The horizontal section of the movable block (31) extends from the shoulder (22) to the positioning section (21) along the axial direction of the positioning mandrel (2). A clamping ball (38) is provided on the surface of the horizontal section of the movable block (31) facing the inner ring of the bearing. A portion of the spherical surface of the clamping ball (38) protrudes from the movable block (31). The center of the clamping ball (38) is located in the direction A.

8. The bearing radial clearance detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The displacement measuring mechanism (5) includes a displacement gauge (51) mounted on the lifting block (32), the probe of the displacement gauge (51) abutting against the outer ring surface of the bearing and arranged opposite to the top ball (38).

9. The bearing radial clearance detection device according to claim 8, characterized in that, A movable seat (52) is provided on the support frame (1) and on one side of the lifting block (32). The movable seat (52) is driven to move up and down by the second cylinder (53). A lever (54) is provided on the movable seat (52). The lever (54) is used to move the probe of the displacement ruler (51) away from the outer ring surface of the bearing so as to avoid it when the bearing is unloaded or loaded.

10. A method for detecting radial clearance of a bearing, based on the bearing radial clearance detection device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The bearing radial clearance detection method includes the following steps: S1, the bearing to be tested is placed on the positioning section (21) of the positioning mandrel (2); S2, control the movement of the movable block (31) of the tensioning mechanism (3) so that the movable block (31) cooperates with the positioning section (21) to tighten and fix the inner ring of the bearing in the A direction; S3, control the action of the first pressure member (41) of the pressure application mechanism (4) to push the outer ring of the bearing to the first offset position along the positive direction of the A direction, and the displacement measuring mechanism (5) measures the position value X1 of the outer ring of the bearing at this time; S4, the first pressure member (41) is reset, and the second pressure member (42) of the pressure mechanism (4) is controlled to move, pushing the outer ring of the bearing to the second offset position in the opposite direction of the A direction. The displacement measuring mechanism (5) measures the position value X2 of the outer ring of the bearing at this time. S5, calculate the difference between the two position values ​​ΔX=|X2-X1|, which is the radial clearance of the bearing; S6, the second pressure member (42) is reset, the tightening mechanism (3) loosens the inner ring of the bearing, and the bearing that has completed the inspection is removed.

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