A liquid lens imaging stability test system and method under vibration conditions

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of liquid lens imaging stability test system and method under vibration condition, belong to optical device performance test and dynamic imaging evaluation technical field.System includes mechanical vibration device, liquid lens to be measured, imaging device, target with feature point, illumination device, displacement detection device and data acquisition and processing device;Among them, imaging device, liquid lens to be measured and target are coaxially installed on the same platform of vibration device, and vibration is synchronous with platform and relative position is unchanged;When testing, vibration displacement and target dynamic image are synchronously collected, the corresponding relationship between static reference state and dynamic vibration state is established, the overall imaging drift amount and local geometric distortion amount generated by lens under vibration environment are obtained by analysis, and quantitative evaluation of liquid lens dynamic imaging stability is realized;The application can comprehensively and quantitatively evaluate the dynamic imaging stability of liquid lens under vibration environment, distinguish overall motion and local distortion, and has high testing accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of optical device performance testing and dynamic imaging evaluation technology, specifically relating to a liquid lens imaging stability testing system and method under vibration conditions. Background Technology

[0002] Liquid lenses are a new type of optical device that achieves optical focal length adjustment by changing the liquid interface morphology or the liquid action state. They are characterized by compact structure, fast response speed, and no need for mechanical moving parts, and have broad application prospects in miniature imaging devices, autofocus systems, machine vision, and optical systems for special environments.

[0003] Existing evaluation methods for liquid lenses mainly focus on static optical performance and basic dynamic response characteristics, such as focal length adjustment range, optical resolution, response time, and static image quality. These evaluation methods are typically conducted under relatively stable operating conditions, primarily focusing on the focusing ability and imaging performance of the liquid lens itself.

[0004] However, in practical applications, liquid lenses may be affected by dynamic loads such as external mechanical vibration and impact. For example, in aerospace equipment, robot vision systems, automotive vision devices, and complex industrial environments, liquid lenses need to maintain stable imaging under continuous vibration conditions. Since the internal optical adjustment of liquid lenses relies on changes in the liquid interface morphology, external vibrations may cause liquid movement, interface changes, and optical path disturbances, resulting in imaging position shifts, image distortion, and decreased imaging stability.

[0005] Currently, there is a lack of quantitative testing methods for evaluating the dynamic imaging performance of liquid lenses under vibration environments that can simultaneously consider both mechanical vibration input and image dynamic response. Existing methods typically focus on observing image changes before and after vibration, or use only a single image shift index to evaluate imaging changes. These methods struggle to distinguish between changes caused by overall optical imaging shift and local geometric distortions resulting from changes in the optical state of the liquid lens. Therefore, they cannot comprehensively reflect the dynamic imaging stability of liquid lenses in vibration environments.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a test method that can simultaneously acquire vibration input information and liquid lens imaging response information, and quantitatively analyze the imaging changes produced by the liquid lens under vibration conditions, so as to achieve an effective evaluation of the dynamic vibration-resistant imaging performance of the liquid lens. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention discloses a testing system and method for the imaging stability of a liquid lens under vibration conditions. By constructing a testing system comprising a mechanical vibration device, a liquid lens under test, an imaging device, a target, a displacement detection device, and a data acquisition and processing device, the system ensures that the liquid lens under test, the imaging device, and the target maintain a stable relative spatial relationship during vibration. Simultaneously, the system acquires the correlation between mechanical vibration input information and the liquid lens imaging response. By detecting the positional changes of target feature points under vibration, a correspondence between the static reference state and the dynamic vibration state is established. This distinguishes between overall image motion and local imaging changes caused by changes in the optical state of the liquid lens itself. Thus, the overall imaging drift and local geometric distortion generated by the liquid lens under vibration are obtained, effectively evaluating the dynamic vibration-resistant imaging performance of the liquid lens under vibration conditions.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A liquid lens imaging stability testing system under vibration conditions includes a mechanical vibration device, a liquid lens under test, an imaging device, a target, an illumination device, a displacement detection device, and a data acquisition and processing device.

[0010] The liquid lens to be tested is positioned between the imaging device and the target. The imaging device, the liquid lens to be tested, and the target are arranged sequentially along the optical axis so that the optical image formed by the target after passing through the liquid lens to be tested can be acquired by the imaging device.

[0011] The imaging device, the liquid lens under test, and the target are mounted on the same vibration platform of the mechanical vibration device, so that the imaging device, the liquid lens under test, and the target can move synchronously with the mechanical vibration device and maintain the relative spatial position relationship between the three basically unchanged.

[0012] With the above settings, when the mechanical vibration device generates vibration excitation, the influence of imaging changes caused by the rigid body motion of the test system as a whole can be reduced, so that the changes in the image acquired by the imaging device mainly reflect the dynamic imaging response caused by the changes in the optical state of the liquid lens under test itself.

[0013] The target is provided with multiple identifiable feature points distributed according to a predetermined spatial pattern, which are used to establish the spatial reference required for image analysis under vibration conditions.

[0014] The illumination device is used to provide stable illumination for the target, thereby improving the imaging quality and recognition stability of the target features.

[0015] The displacement detection device is used to detect the actual displacement change of the mechanical vibration device or the installation position of the liquid lens under test during the vibration process, and to obtain the mechanical displacement time sequence data corresponding to the vibration process.

[0016] The data acquisition and processing device is connected to the imaging device and the displacement detection device respectively, and is used to synchronously acquire image data and mechanical displacement data during the vibration process, and establish a corresponding relationship based on the time information of the two types of data.

[0017] Furthermore, the data acquisition and processing device calculates the dynamic imaging changes generated by the liquid lens under test based on the positional changes of the target feature points relative to the static reference state under vibration, and analyzes and processes the dynamic imaging changes to obtain evaluation parameters for evaluating the imaging stability of the liquid lens.

[0018] A method for testing the imaging stability of a liquid lens under vibration conditions includes the following steps:

[0019] S1. The imaging device, the liquid lens under test and the target are sequentially installed on the vibration platform of the mechanical vibration device. The relative positions of the imaging device, the liquid lens under test and the target are adjusted so that the optical axis of the liquid lens under test and the imaging device are aligned and the target can be clearly imaged after passing through the liquid lens under test.

[0020] A lighting device is installed to provide stable illumination to the target, and a displacement detection device is installed to collect actual displacement information during mechanical vibration.

[0021] S2, without applying vibration excitation to the mechanical vibration device, acquire multiple frames of target images in a static state through the imaging device;

[0022] Based on the static target image, feature recognition is performed to obtain the position coordinates of the target feature points in the static state, and a set of static reference feature points is established for subsequent dynamic imaging change analysis.

[0023] S3, set the vibration parameters of the mechanical vibration device according to the test requirements, and apply a preset vibration excitation to the liquid lens under test.

[0024] During the vibration process, mechanical vibration displacement data is continuously collected by the displacement detection device, and dynamic imaging images of the target formed by the lens of the liquid under test are continuously collected by the imaging device.

[0025] The data acquisition and processing device records the time information corresponding to the image data and displacement data;

[0026] S4. Based on the time information corresponding to the mechanical displacement data collected by the displacement detection device and the image data collected by the imaging device, time matching is performed on the two types of data.

[0027] By establishing a time correspondence, the data correspondence between the mechanical vibration input parameters and the dynamic imaging response of the liquid lens under the same vibration process is obtained.

[0028] S5, perform feature recognition on the target image acquired under vibration state, and obtain the target feature point position coordinates corresponding to each vibration moment;

[0029] Match the coordinates of feature points under vibration with the set of static reference feature points to establish the positional correspondence of the same feature point under different states;

[0030] S6. Calculate the overall position change of the target image during the vibration process based on the position changes of each target feature point relative to the static reference feature point under vibration conditions.

[0031] For multiple feature points within the effective analysis area, the overall imaging drift in the corresponding direction is obtained based on the positional changes of each feature point in the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0032] The overall imaging drift is used to characterize the overall field of view shift generated by the liquid lens under test under vibration.

[0033] S7. In order to distinguish between the overall image motion caused by vibration and the local imaging changes caused by the optical state changes of the liquid lens itself, an overall geometric transformation model is established between the static reference feature point set and the vibration state feature point set.

[0034] The overall geometric transformation model removes the effects caused by overall translation, rotation, and scale changes.

[0035] Based on the difference between the actual detected feature point positions and the predicted positions of the overall geometric transformation, the residual displacement after removing the influence of the overall motion is obtained.

[0036] Local geometric distortion is calculated based on the residual displacement of all feature points within the effective analysis area, which is used to evaluate the non-uniform imaging changes produced by the liquid lens under vibration conditions.

[0037] S8. For different preset vibration conditions, repeat steps S3-S7. During the experiment, observe the liquid / liquid surface of the liquid lens for damage and failure. If the experiment is stopped immediately and the liquid lens is replaced, repeat step S2.

[0038] S9. Based on the mechanical vibration parameters, overall imaging drift, and local geometric distortion obtained under different vibration conditions, establish the correspondence between vibration input parameters and dynamic imaging response of liquid lens.

[0039] By analyzing the variation patterns of overall imaging drift and local geometric distortion under different vibration frequencies and amplitudes, the imaging stability and vibration resistance of the liquid lens under test in a vibration environment are evaluated.

[0040] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0041] This invention mounts the imaging device, the liquid lens under test, and the target together on the same vibration platform of the mechanical vibration device, so that the liquid lens under test, the imaging device, and the target maintain a stable relative spatial relationship during vibration. At the same time, the mechanical vibration displacement data and the target dynamic image data are acquired synchronously by the displacement detection device and the data acquisition and processing device. Based on the time information, the correspondence between the mechanical vibration input and the dynamic imaging response of the liquid lens is established, so as to realize the quantitative analysis of the imaging change process of the liquid lens under vibration conditions.

[0042] This invention analyzes the positional changes of target feature points under vibration, decomposing the dynamic imaging changes generated by the liquid lens into two evaluation parameters: overall imaging drift and local geometric distortion. The overall imaging drift characterizes the overall positional change of the imaging field of view during vibration, while the local geometric distortion characterizes the non-uniform imaging changes caused by factors such as liquid movement within the liquid lens and changes in the optical interface. This allows the invention to reflect the overall stability and optical state changes of the liquid lens under vibration conditions, respectively.

[0043] Compared to existing methods that mainly evaluate imaging performance by image changes before and after vibration or by a single image offset, this invention can combine mechanical vibration input information and dynamic imaging response information to conduct a more comprehensive evaluation of the imaging stability of liquid lenses under vibration conditions. This helps to distinguish between image changes caused by overall motion and imaging distortion caused by changes in the optical state of the liquid lens itself, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of dynamic vibration resistance testing of liquid lenses. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an imaging stability testing system for a liquid lens under vibration conditions according to the present invention.

[0045] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of an experiment for testing the imaging stability of a liquid lens under vibration conditions according to the present invention.

[0046] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the dynamic imaging stability evaluation algorithm for liquid lenses based on target feature points according to the present invention.

[0047] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the dynamic imaging analysis results of a liquid lens under vibration conditions obtained based on an image processing algorithm, as presented in this invention.

[0048] List of identifiers in attached diagrams:

[0049] 1. Mechanical vibration table; 2. Liquid lens under test; 3. Industrial camera; 4. Target; 5. Illumination device; 6. Laser displacement sensor; 7. Data acquisition and processing computer; 8. Camera fixing device; 9. Target fixing device. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following specific embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an imaging stability testing system for a liquid lens under vibration conditions. The testing system includes a mechanical vibration table 1, a liquid lens under test 2, an industrial camera 3, a target 4, an illumination device 5, a laser displacement sensor 6, and a data acquisition and processing computer 7.

[0053] The liquid lens under test 2, the industrial camera 3, and the target 4 are all mounted on the vibration platform of the mechanical vibration table 1. The industrial camera 3 is fixedly mounted by the camera fixing device 8, and the target 4 is fixedly mounted by the target fixing device 9, so that the liquid lens under test 2, the industrial camera 3, and the target 4 can move synchronously with the mechanical vibration table 1.

[0054] The industrial camera 3, the liquid lens under test 2, and the target 4 are arranged sequentially along the optical axis. By adjusting the relative positions of the three, the liquid lens under test 2 and the industrial camera 3 are kept coaxial, and the image formed by the target 4 after passing through the liquid lens under test 2 can be clearly imaged onto the industrial camera 3.

[0055] By using the above installation method, a stable relative spatial relationship is maintained between the liquid lens 2 under test, the industrial camera 3, and the target 4 during the test, thereby reducing the impact of the relative position change of the system caused by the overall movement of the mechanical vibration table 1 on the test results, and enabling the image changes acquired by the industrial camera 3 to more accurately reflect the dynamic imaging response of the liquid lens 2 under test under vibration conditions.

[0056] In this embodiment, the liquid lens 2 under test adopts a liquid-film-liquid structure liquid lens, including a first liquid cavity, a second liquid cavity, and an elastic membrane structure disposed between the first liquid cavity and the second liquid cavity.

[0057] The elastic membrane structure is used to separate the liquid media on both sides and deforms by changes in liquid pressure, thereby changing the optical interface morphology of the liquid lens and realizing the focal length adjustment function.

[0058] The first and second liquid cavities are respectively provided with liquid injection structures on their sides for injecting or discharging liquid media into the corresponding liquid cavities.

[0059] In one specific embodiment, the elastic membrane structure is made of pre-stretched polyacrylate material, the first liquid cavity is filled with pure water, and the second liquid cavity is filled with a glycerol-water mixture.

[0060] It should be noted that the liquid-film-liquid structure liquid lens used in this embodiment is only one specific implementation method. In other implementation methods, other liquid lens structures that achieve focal length adjustment based on changes in the liquid interface can also be used according to test requirements.

[0061] In this embodiment, the mechanical vibration table 1 adopts a horizontal reciprocating vibration device capable of generating periodic mechanical vibration, with an amplitude set to 20 mm and a rotational speed adjustment range of 0 to 300 r / min.

[0062] During the test, different vibration conditions were set according to the test requirements.

[0063] Specifically, in this embodiment, 60 r / min, 120 r / min, 180 r / min, 240 r / min and 300 r / min are selected as the working speeds of the mechanical vibration table 1, which correspond to the vibration frequencies of 1Hz, 2Hz, 3Hz, 4Hz and 5Hz.

[0064] The lighting device 5 is set on one side of the target 4 to provide stable and uniform lighting conditions to the target 4, improve the contrast of the target features in the image acquired by the industrial camera 3, and thus improve the stability of subsequent feature point recognition.

[0065] The laser displacement sensor 6 is located near the mechanical vibration table 1, and its detection direction is consistent with the vibration direction of the mechanical vibration table 1. It is used to detect the actual vibration displacement of the mechanical vibration table 1 surface or the installation position of the liquid lens 2 to be tested in real time.

[0066] The industrial camera 3 and the laser displacement sensor 6 are respectively connected to the data acquisition and processing computer 7.

[0067] The data acquisition and processing computer 7 is used to receive target image data acquired by the industrial camera 3 and mechanical displacement data acquired by the laser displacement sensor 6, and to store, time-correlate, and perform subsequent analysis and processing of the image data and displacement data.

[0068] In this embodiment, target 4 adopts a black and white checkerboard structure.

[0069] The chessboard target includes multiple internal corner points arranged according to rules. In this embodiment, the effective detection area includes 8×11 internal corner points, totaling 88 identifiable feature points.

[0070] By identifying the positional changes of the corner points inside the chessboard under different vibration states, quantitative analysis of the dynamic imaging changes of the liquid lens 2 under test can be achieved.

[0071] After the test system is set up, an image reference benchmark is first established for the liquid lens 2 under static state.

[0072] Specifically, without applying vibration excitation to the mechanical vibration table 1, the mechanical vibration table 1, the liquid lens under test 2, the industrial camera 3, the target 4, and the lighting device 5 are kept in a stable working state.

[0073] The industrial camera 3 continuously acquires multiple frames of static target images and transmits the acquired image data to the data acquisition and processing computer 7.

[0074] The data acquisition and processing computer 7 performs feature recognition on the static target image and obtains the position coordinates of the corner points inside the chessboard in each frame of the image.

[0075] For the same feature point, a set of static reference feature points is established based on its positional changes in multiple frames of static images.

[0076] By using multiple static images to establish a set of reference feature points, the impact of single image acquisition errors, feature point detection errors, and minor environmental disturbances on the determination of reference positions can be reduced, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent dynamic imaging change evaluation.

[0077] After establishing the set of static reference feature points, a preset vibration excitation is applied to the liquid lens 2 under test through the mechanical vibration table 1, and dynamic imaging test is carried out under vibration environment.

[0078] Specifically, the vibration frequency and vibration amplitude of the mechanical vibration table 1 are set according to the test requirements, so that the liquid lens 2, industrial camera 3 and target 4 fixedly installed on the mechanical vibration table 1 move synchronously with the mechanical vibration table 1.

[0079] During vibration:

[0080] The laser displacement sensor 6 collects real-time vibration displacement data at the installation position of the mechanical vibration table 1 or the liquid lens 2 to be tested at the mechanical vibration table 1.

[0081] The industrial camera 3 continuously acquires dynamic images of the target 4 formed by the liquid lens 2 under test.

[0082] The collected displacement data and image data are transmitted to the data acquisition and processing computer 7.

[0083] Since the industrial camera 3 and the laser displacement sensor 6 acquire data independently, in order to ensure the correspondence between the mechanical vibration input data and the image response data, the data acquisition and processing computer 7 records the time information corresponding to each frame of the industrial camera 3 and the time information corresponding to each displacement data point of the laser displacement sensor 6.

[0084] By matching the time information of the two types of data, a correspondence is established between mechanical vibration displacement data and target image change data under the same vibration time process.

[0085] Through the above processing, the correlation between the mechanical vibration input parameters and the dynamic imaging response of the liquid lens 2 under test can be obtained.

[0086] After acquiring the target image under vibration, the data acquisition and processing computer 7 performs feature recognition on the target image corresponding to each vibration moment to obtain the position coordinates of the corner points inside the checkerboard at the corresponding moment.

[0087] The coordinates of the feature points detected under vibration are matched with the set of static reference feature points to establish the positional correspondence between the same feature point in the static state and the vibration state.

[0088] Specifically, for a target image at any moment under vibration, the position offset of each feature point relative to the static reference state is obtained based on the position change of the corresponding feature points.

[0089] Let the coordinates of the i-th feature point in the static reference state be: ;

[0090] The coordinates of the corresponding feature point under vibration state are: ;

[0091] The positional changes of this feature point in the horizontal and vertical directions are represented as follows:

[0092] ;

[0093] The above method can be used to obtain the positional changes of each target feature point during the vibration process.

[0094] To evaluate the change in the overall field of view caused by the liquid lens 2 under test during vibration, the overall imaging drift of the target image is calculated based on the positional changes of all feature points within the effective analysis area.

[0095] If there are N valid feature points within the effective analysis region, then:

[0096] Overall horizontal imaging drift It can be represented as: ;

[0097] Vertical overall imaging drift It can be represented as: ;

[0098] By calculating the overall imaging drift, the overall field of view shift caused by mechanical vibration of the liquid lens 2 under test can be evaluated.

[0099] To further distinguish between the overall image motion caused by mechanical vibration and the local imaging changes caused by the optical state changes of the liquid lens 2 under test, this embodiment further establishes an overall geometric transformation model between the static reference feature point set and the vibration state feature point set.

[0100] The overall geometric transformation model is used to describe the positional changes caused by the overall motion during vibration, including but not limited to: overall translation, overall rotation, and image scale changes.

[0101] By fitting the corresponding feature points under static reference state and vibration state, the theoretical predicted positions of each feature point under the overall motion condition are obtained.

[0102] Suppose that after the overall geometric transformation, the predicted coordinates of the i-th feature point are: ;

[0103] The residual displacements of this feature point relative to the overall geometric transformation result are as follows: ;

[0104] Furthermore, based on the residual displacements of all feature points within the effective analysis area, local geometric distortion evaluation parameters are calculated:

[0105] ;

[0106] Using the above method, the dynamic imaging changes generated by the liquid lens 2 under vibration conditions can be decomposed into: overall imaging drift and local geometric distortion.

[0107] in:

[0108] Global imaging drift is used to evaluate the overall positional stability of the imaging field of view during vibration.

[0109] Local geometric distortion is used to evaluate non-uniform imaging changes caused by factors such as liquid movement inside the liquid lens and changes in optical interfaces.

[0110] Furthermore, the data acquisition and processing computer 7 establishes a correspondence between the mechanical vibration input parameters and the dynamic imaging response of the liquid lens 2 under test, based on the mechanical vibration displacement data acquired by the laser displacement sensor 6 and the dynamic imaging change evaluation parameters calculated above.

[0111] Specifically, under different vibration frequencies and vibration amplitudes, the following information is obtained: actual vibration displacement of mechanical vibration table 1; overall imaging drift under the corresponding working condition; and local geometric distortion under the corresponding working condition.

[0112] By comparing the variation patterns of the above parameters under different vibration conditions, the dynamic imaging stability performance of the liquid lens 2 under test is evaluated under different mechanical vibration environments.

[0113] Furthermore, the phase difference between the vibration input and the imaging response can be obtained based on the time variation relationship between the mechanical vibration input signal and the image response signal. Combined with the overall imaging drift and local geometric distortion at different vibration frequencies, the dynamic imaging response characteristics of the liquid lens 2 under test can be analyzed.

[0114] Preferably, repeated tests are performed under multiple vibration frequency conditions, and statistical analysis is performed on multiple sets of test results obtained under the same vibration conditions to evaluate the repeatability and stability of the dynamic imaging response of the liquid lens 2 under test.

[0115] It should be noted that the above content merely illustrates the technical concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and all such improvements and modifications fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for testing imaging stability of a liquid lens under vibration conditions, characterized in that, include: Mechanical vibration device (1), liquid lens to be tested (2), imaging device (3), target (4), lighting device (5), displacement detection device (6), and data acquisition and processing device (7); The liquid lens (2) to be tested is disposed between the imaging device (3) and the target (4). The imaging device (3), the liquid lens (2) to be tested and the target (4) are arranged in sequence along the optical axis and are installed together on the same vibration platform of the mechanical vibration device (1), so that the three move synchronously with the mechanical vibration device (1) and their relative spatial position remains unchanged. The target (4) is provided with multiple identifiable feature points distributed according to a predetermined pattern; The lighting device (5) is disposed on one side of the target (4) and is used to provide stable lighting for the target (4); The displacement detection device (6) is set on the side of the mechanical vibration table 1, and its detection direction is consistent with the vibration direction of the mechanical vibration table (1). It is used to detect the actual displacement of the mechanical vibration device (1) or the liquid lens (2) under test during the vibration process and output mechanical displacement timing data. The data acquisition and processing device (7) is connected to the imaging device (3) and the displacement detection device (6) respectively, and is used to synchronously acquire image data and mechanical displacement data during the vibration process, and establish the correspondence between the two types of data according to the time information; The data acquisition and processing device (7) is also used to calculate the dynamic imaging change of the liquid lens (2) under test based on the position change of the feature points on the target (4) under vibration relative to the static reference state, and decompose the dynamic imaging change into the overall imaging drift and local geometric distortion to evaluate the imaging stability of the liquid lens under vibration conditions.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein, The target (4) is a black and white checkerboard target, and the identifiable feature points are the internal corner points of the checkerboard.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein, The displacement detection device (6) is a laser displacement sensor.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein, The imaging device (3) is an industrial camera.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein, The mechanical vibration device (1) is a horizontal reciprocating vibration table capable of generating periodic vibrations. 6.A method for testing imaging stability of a liquid lens under vibration conditions, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Install the imaging device (3), the liquid lens to be tested (2), and the target (4) sequentially on the same vibration platform of the mechanical vibration device (1), and adjust the relative positions of the three to make the optical axis consistent, so that the target (4) is clearly imaged on the imaging device (3) after passing through the liquid lens to be tested (2); set up an illumination device (5) to provide stable illumination to the target (4), and set up a displacement detection device (6) to collect the actual displacement information during the vibration process; S2: When the mechanical vibration device (1) is not subjected to vibration excitation, the imaging device (3) collects multiple frames of static target images, identifies the coordinates of the feature points, and establishes a set of static reference feature points; S3: Set the vibration parameters of the mechanical vibration device (1) and apply vibration excitation according to the test requirements; During the vibration process, mechanical vibration displacement data and target dynamic imaging images are collected simultaneously, and the time information corresponding to the two types of data is recorded; S4: Based on the time information, perform time matching between the mechanical vibration displacement data and the target dynamic imaging image data to establish the correspondence between vibration input and imaging response; S5: Perform feature recognition on the target image acquired under vibration state to obtain the position coordinates of feature points at each moment, and match them with the static reference feature point set to establish the position correspondence of the same feature point under different states. S6: Based on the positional changes of each feature point relative to the static reference feature point under vibration, calculate the overall imaging drift in the horizontal and vertical directions to characterize the overall field of view shift caused by vibration. S7: Establish an overall geometric transformation model for the set of static reference feature points and the set of vibration state feature points, remove the effects of overall translation, rotation and scale changes, obtain the residual displacement based on the difference between the actual position of the feature points and the predicted position of the overall geometric transformation, and calculate the local geometric distortion to characterize the non-uniform imaging changes caused by the optical state changes of the liquid lens itself. S8: Repeat steps S3 to S7 for different preset vibration conditions; if the liquid lens is observed to break and fail, stop the experiment, replace the liquid lens, and then repeat step S2. S9: Based on the mechanical vibration parameters, overall imaging drift, and local geometric distortion under different vibration conditions, establish the correspondence between vibration input and dynamic imaging response, and evaluate the imaging stability and vibration resistance of the liquid lens under vibration environment.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S6, let the coordinates of the i-th feature point in the static reference state be: ; The coordinates of the corresponding feature point under vibration state are: ; The positional changes of this feature point in the horizontal and vertical directions are represented as follows: ; If there are N valid feature points within the effective analysis region, then: Overall horizontal imaging drift It can be represented as: ; Vertical overall imaging drift It can be represented as: .

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S7, let the predicted coordinates of the i-th feature point after the overall geometric transformation be: ; The residual displacements of this feature point relative to the overall geometric transformation result are as follows: ; Based on the residual displacements of all feature points within the effective analysis area, calculate the local geometric distortion evaluation parameters: 。 9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S3, the vibration parameters include vibration frequency and vibration amplitude.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The vibration frequency is 1-5Hz, the vibration amplitude is 20mm, and the rotation speed adjustment range is 0-300r / min.

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