An underground automatic sampling device for collapsible loess exploration well multi-point accurate sampling

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of for collapsible loess exploration well multi-point position precision sampling downhole automatic sampling device, and the soil taking mechanism includes mechanism protective shell, upper sprocket and lower sprocket are rotationally equipped in mechanism protective shell interior, upper sprocket, lower sprocket are wound with circulation chain, the outside of circulation chain is spaced apart and is provided with multiple installation barrels along the circumferential direction of circulation chain, the axis of installation barrel extends and is provided along left-right direction, sampling barrel is movably equipped in each installation barrel, sampling hole is arranged on the right side wall of mechanism protective shell, one sampling push rod is arranged in the left side of circulation chain in mechanism protective shell, the left end of installation barrel is provided with stop structure for being stopped with corresponding sampling barrel to make push rod and the left end of sampling barrel separate during the left movement of push rod.The present application solves the technical problem that sampling efficiency is low due to the need of frequent lifting of protective shell to achieve sampling at different heights in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of well sampling in mineral geological exploration, and more particularly to an automatic downhole sampling device for precise multi-point sampling in collapsible loess wells. Background Technology

[0002] During geological exploration, mechanical soil sampling can disturb the soil. Therefore, in order to obtain the true physical and mechanical properties of the soil, it is usually necessary to conduct well sampling in the field.

[0003] Existing well sampling processes, such as the "Downhole Soil Sampling Device for Collapsible Loess Wells" disclosed in Chinese Patent CN119845637A, include a sampling mechanism and a lifting mechanism for driving the sampling mechanism to move up and down. The sampling mechanism includes a protective shell, within which are anti-fall components and a sampling component. The anti-fall component includes a friction plate that can extend outward and cooperate with the wellbore wall for support. The sampling component includes a horizontally arranged soil sampling shovel and a sampling motor for driving the soil sampling shovel to move horizontally for sampling.

[0004] The lifting mechanism includes a winch and a gantry for installing the winch. The winch is connected to the upper part of the protective shell by a wire rope.

[0005] In use, the winch lowers the protective shell to a designated height using a wire rope. Then, the friction plate of the fall arrestor extends and contacts the borehole wall for support, thus securing the protective shell. Subsequently, the sampling motor of the sampling assembly drives the soil shovel to move horizontally and extend into the corresponding soil layer. After sampling, the sampling motor drives the soil shovel to retract into the protective shell, raising the protective shell to the ground surface. The soil sample collected by the soil shovel is then removed, and the protective shell is lowered to another height for a new sampling process. Theoretically, multiple samplings should be performed at different heights within the same vertical position.

[0006] The existing soil sampling device has the following problems: when sampling at different heights multiple times, the protective shell needs to be raised and lowered frequently, which leads to low sampling efficiency throughout the sampling process. In addition, according to the specifications, the sampling position should be the same vertical position each time. However, in the existing technology, the steel wire rope cannot prevent the protective shell from rotating each time it is lowered, which means that the sampling position may not be the same vertical position when sampling at each height. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic downhole sampling device for precise multi-point sampling in collapsible loess exploration wells, in order to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the sampling efficiency is low due to the need for frequent raising and lowering of the protective shell when sampling at different heights.

[0008] The technical solution of the automatic downhole sampling device for precise multi-point sampling in exploration wells of collapsible loess in this invention is as follows:

[0009] An automatic downhole sampling device for precise multi-point sampling in collapsible loess exploration wells includes a fall arrestor and a soil sampling mechanism. The upper end of the soil sampling mechanism is connected to a winch via a wire rope. The soil sampling mechanism includes a protective shell, inside which are rotatably mounted an upper sprocket and a lower sprocket with axes extending in the left-right direction. A circulating chain is wound around the upper and lower sprockets. The upper / lower sprockets are driven by a stepper motor. Multiple mounting cylinders are spaced apart circumferentially along the outer side of the circulating chain, with their axes extending in the left-right direction. Each mounting cylinder is equipped with a sampling cylinder for guiding movement. A sampling hole is provided on the right side wall of the protective shell of the mechanism. Inside the protective shell of the mechanism, on the left side of the circulating chain, there is a sampling push rod. When the push rod extends, it can push the sampling cylinder in the corresponding mounting cylinder to the right, so that the right end of the sampling cylinder extends into the borehole wall of the exploration well through the sampling hole. When the push rod retracts, it can pull the sampling cylinder back into the protective shell of the mechanism. The left end of the mounting cylinder is provided with a stop structure for cooperating with the corresponding sampling cylinder to prevent the push rod from disengaging from the left end of the sampling cylinder during the leftward movement of the push rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the left end of the sampling tube is provided with a sampling tube connection structure for cooperating with the force transmission of the push rod. The sampling tube connection structure includes at least three arc-shaped elastic petals that are circumferentially spaced around the axis of the sampling tube. Each arc-shaped elastic petal forms a connecting cavity with a small opening and a large interior. The right end of the push rod is provided with a push ball head that matches the inner diameter of the connecting cavity.

[0011] Furthermore, the fall arrestor is located on the lower side of the mechanism's protective shell. The mechanism's protective shell and the fall arrestor are connected by a vertically arranged electric push rod. A rotation-stopping guide structure extending in the vertical direction is provided between the mechanism's protective shell and the fall arrestor.

[0012] Furthermore, the fall arrestor includes a fall arrestor housing, an electric push rod connected between the mechanism protective housing and the fall arrestor housing, and a support guide structure including two vertically arranged guide rods, the upper end of which is fixed to the bottom of the mechanism protective housing, and the lower end of which is guided and inserted into the top plate of the fall arrestor housing.

[0013] Furthermore, the fall arrestor housing is equipped with a gear driven by a fall arrestor motor. The upper and lower sides of the gear are equipped with an upper rack and a lower rack that move in a left-right direction. The left end of the upper rack is connected to a left friction disc for contact and friction with the borehole wall; the right end of the upper rack is connected to a right friction disc for contact and friction with the borehole wall.

[0014] Furthermore, the left and right friction discs are at the same height. A left transmission rod is mounted on the left side wall of the fall arrestor housing, moving in a left-right direction. The left friction disc is fixed to the left end of the left transmission rod, and a first vertical transmission plate is fixed to the right end of the left transmission rod. The upper end of the first vertical transmission plate is fixed to the left end of the upper rack. A right transmission rod is mounted on the right side wall of the fall arrestor housing, moving in a left-right direction. The right friction disc is fixed to the right end of the right transmission rod, and a second vertical transmission plate is fixed to the left end of the right transmission rod. The upper end of the second vertical transmission plate is fixed to the right end of the lower rack.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: During use, the soil sampling mechanism is lowered to a certain height, and the motor drives the circulating chain in a step-by-step motion. One of the mounting cylinders moves to the space between the sampling push rod and the sampling hole. Then, the push rod of the sampling push rod extends to the right, pushing the sampling cylinder inside the mounting cylinder. The right end of the sampling cylinder moves to the right, extends through the sampling hole, and inserts into the borehole wall of the exploratory well for sampling. After sampling, the push rod moves the sampling cylinder to the left until the sampling cylinder retracts into the protective shell of the mechanism. The left end of the sampling cylinder is blocked by the blocking structure. Subsequently, the push rod will... The left end of the sampling tube detaches, completing sampling at one height within the well, and the sample is stored in the sampling tube. Subsequently, the soil sampling mechanism moves down to another height, and the motor drives the circulating chain in a step-by-step motion. The next installation tube moves between the sampling push rod and the sampling hole, and the push rod of the sampling push rod extends again, thus realizing a new sampling tube to sample at another height of the well. In this invention, after sampling is completed in one sampling tube, it is not necessary to raise the soil sampling mechanism to the ground surface. By lowering the soil sampling mechanism in a step-by-step manner, multi-height sampling can be achieved, improving sampling efficiency.

[0016] Furthermore, the step-down lowering of the soil sampling mechanism in this invention is achieved in the following way: When the electric push rod has its maximum stroke, the anti-fall component engages with the borehole wall. At this time, the protective shell of the mechanism is at a certain height, and the soil sampling mechanism can sample the borehole wall at one height. After sampling, the electric push rod retracts to its minimum stroke. At this time, the soil sampling mechanism is closest to the anti-fall component. The extension and retraction stroke of the electric push rod corresponds to the height difference between two adjacent sampling positions in the vertical direction, and the soil sampling mechanism can sample the borehole wall at another height. During this process, when the sampling tube has not yet been pulled out from the borehole wall, the friction disc of the anti-fall component retracts. The height positioning and circumferential positioning of the sampling mechanism are completely achieved by the sampling tube inserted into the borehole wall. The weight of the sampling mechanism is still supported by the wire rope. The electric push rod extends to its maximum stroke again, the friction disc of the anti-fall component extends, and the sampling tube of the sampling mechanism can retract. The electric push rod retracts again, and the sampling work at the next height can be carried out. This method can achieve the consistency of the vertical position of each sampling point when sampling at different heights. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sampling cylinder after it is extended in one embodiment of an automatic downhole sampling device for precise multi-point sampling in collapsible loess exploration wells according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the retracted structure of an automatic downhole sampling device for precise multi-point sampling in collapsible loess wells according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the connection between the sampling push rod, sampling cylinder, and mounting cylinder;

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the connection between the sampling push rod, sampling cylinder, and mounting cylinder;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a side view of the arc-shaped elastic lobe in this invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation between the circulating chain, the sampling cylinder, and the mounting cylinder in this invention;

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Wire rope; 2. Sampling push rod; 3. Mechanism protective shell; 4. Exploration well; 5. Electric push rod; 6. Guide rod; 7. Fall protection assembly; 8. Left friction disc; 9. Left transmission rod; 12. First vertical transmission plate; 10. Upper rack; 11. Gear; 13. Lower rack; 14. Second vertical transmission plate; 15. Right transmission rod; 16. Right friction disc; 17. Mounting cylinder; 18. Sampling cylinder; 19. Motor; 20. Circulating chain; 21. Sampling hole; 22. Stopping structure; 23. Arc-shaped elastic flap; 24. Push ball head; 25. Upper sprocket; 26. Upper sprocket. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the invention and are not intended to limit the invention; that is, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0025] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0026] It should be noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0027] The features and performance of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments.

[0028] A specific embodiment of an automatic downhole sampling device for precise multi-point sampling in collapsible loess wells according to the present invention is as follows: Figures 1-6 As shown,

[0029] It includes a soil-taking mechanism arranged vertically and an anti-fall component 7. The upper end of the soil-taking mechanism is used to connect to the winch via a steel wire rope 1. In use, the winch is installed on the gantry at the wellhead of the exploration well 4. The cooperation between the winch and the gantry is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0030] The soil extraction mechanism includes a protective shell 3. Inside the protective shell 3, there are two upper sprockets 25 and two lower sprockets 26 with their rotation axes extending in the left and right directions. The two upper sprockets 25 are arranged alternately on the left and right sides, and the two lower sprockets 26 are arranged alternately on the left and right sides.

[0031] There are two circulating chains 20 wound around the upper sprocket 25 and the lower sprocket 26. The two circulating chains 20 are arranged at intervals on the left and right. The upper sprocket 25 is driven by the motor 19 in a stepping manner.

[0032] Multiple mounting cylinders 17 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the circulating chain 20 on the outer side of the circulating chain 20. In this embodiment, there are eight mounting cylinders 17 in total. The axis of each mounting cylinder 17 extends in the left and right direction. Each mounting cylinder 17 is equipped with a sampling cylinder 18 that moves in the left and right direction.

[0033] A sampling hole 21 is provided on the right side wall of the protective shell 3. A sampling push rod 2 is provided inside the protective shell 3 on the left side of the circulating chain 20. In this embodiment, the sampling push rod 2 is an electric push rod. The axis of the sampling push rod 2 extends in the left-right direction and is mounted on a push rod support. The push rod of the sampling push rod 2 can output a linear motion in the left-right direction. When the push rod of the sampling push rod 2 extends, it can push the sampling cylinder 18 in the corresponding mounting cylinder 17 to the right, so that the right end of the sampling cylinder 18 extends into the borehole wall of the exploration well 4 through the sampling hole 21. When the push rod of the sampling push rod 2 retracts, it can pull the sampling cylinder 18 back into the protective shell 3. The left end of the mounting cylinder 17 is provided with a stop structure 22 for cooperating with the corresponding sampling cylinder 18 so that the push rod disengages from the left end of the sampling cylinder 18 during the leftward movement of the push rod. In this embodiment, the stop structure 22 is a ring-shaped stop edge.

[0034] In this embodiment, the left end of the sampling cylinder 18 is provided with a sampling cylinder connection structure for cooperating with the push rod for force transmission. The sampling cylinder connection structure includes three arc-shaped elastic petals 23 arranged circumferentially around the axis of the sampling cylinder 18. Each arc-shaped elastic petal 23 forms a connecting cavity with a small opening and a large cavity. The right end of the push rod is provided with a push ball head 24 that matches the inner diameter of the connecting cavity.

[0035] The sampling process of sampling cylinder 18 is as follows: When the push rod moves to the right, the push ball head 24 pushes the sampling cylinder 18 to the right through the arc-shaped elastic flaps 23. When the sampling cylinder 18 contacts the wall of the exploration well 4 through the sampling hole 21, the sampling cylinder 18 is obstructed. The push ball head 24 pushes each arc-shaped elastic flap 23 to expand and deform, and the push ball head 24 enters the connecting cavity, continuing to push the sampling cylinder 18 to the right. The right end of the sampling cylinder 18 is inserted into the wall of the exploration well 4 for sampling. After sampling is completed, the push rod moves to the left, and the push ball head 24 carries the sample through the arc-shaped elastic flaps 23. As the cylinder 18 moves to the left, the sampling cylinder 18 retracts into the protective housing 3 of the mechanism until the left end of the sampling cylinder 18 is blocked by the blocking structure 22. As the push rod continues to move to the left, the push ball head 24 moves to the left and expands the arc-shaped elastic petal 23. The push ball head 24 disengages from the left end of the connecting cavity and separates from the arc-shaped elastic petal 23. In this way, the push ball head 24 will not interfere with the arc-shaped elastic petal 23 and will not affect the cyclic rotation of the circulating chain 20 carrying the mounting cylinder 17 and the sampling cylinder 18. One sampling push rod 2 can cooperate with each sampling cylinder 18 to perform sampling operations.

[0036] The protective shell 3 of the mechanism and the fall arrestor 7 are connected by a vertically arranged electric push rod 5. A rotation-stopping guide structure extending in the vertical direction is provided between the protective shell 3 of the mechanism and the fall arrestor 7.

[0037] In this embodiment, the fall arrestor 7 includes a fall arrestor housing, an electric push rod 5 is connected between the mechanism protective shell 3 and the fall arrestor 7 housing, and the support guide structure includes two vertically arranged guide rods 6, which are arranged at intervals from left to right. The upper end of the guide rod 6 is fixed to the bottom of the mechanism protective shell 3, and the lower end of the guide rod 6 is guided and inserted into the top plate of the fall arrestor 7 housing.

[0038] The fall arrestor assembly 7 housing contains a gear 11 driven by a fall arrestor motor. The upper and lower sides of the gear 11 are equipped with an upper rack 10 and a lower rack 13 that move in a left-right direction. The left end of the upper rack 10 is connected to a left friction disc 8 for contact and friction with the wall of the exploration well 4; the right end of the upper rack 10 is connected to a right friction disc 16 for contact and friction with the wall of the exploration well 4. In this embodiment, the left friction disc 8 and the right friction disc 16 are at the same height. A left transmission rod 9 is mounted on the left side wall of the fall arrestor assembly 7 housing, which moves in a left-right direction. The left friction disc 8 is fixed to the left end of the left transmission rod 9. A first vertical transmission plate 12 is fixed to the right end of the left transmission rod 9. The upper end of the first vertical transmission plate 12 is fixed to the left end of the upper rack 10. A right transmission rod 15 is mounted on the right side wall of the fall arrestor assembly 7 housing, which moves in a left-right direction. The right friction disc 16 is fixed to the right end of the right transmission rod 15. A second vertical transmission plate 14 is fixed to the left end of the right transmission rod 15. The upper end of the second vertical transmission plate 14 is fixed to the right end of the lower rack 13.

[0039] The working process of the automatic downhole sampling device in this invention is as follows: First, the electric push rod 5 is fully extended to its maximum extension position. At this time, the distance between the anti-fall component 7 and the soil sampling mechanism is the largest. The winch lowers the soil sampling mechanism to the height specified by the wire rope 1. An encoder is installed on the winch. The initial lowering height is determined by the lowering length of the wire rope 1. After reaching the first sampling height, the anti-fall component 7 starts to move. The left friction disc 8 and the right friction disc 16 move in opposite directions and abut against the borehole wall of the exploration well 4. This provides a reaction force support for the soil sampling mechanism, and the overall weight of the equipment is still mainly borne by the wire rope 1. Then the sampling push rod 2 moves, and the corresponding sampling cylinder 18 moves to the right. After sampling is completed, the sampling push rod 2 carries the sampling cylinder 18 back into the mechanism protective shell 3. Then the circulating chain 20 moves in a stepping motion, and the next sampling cylinder 18 moves between the sampling push rod 2 and the sampling hole 21. The electric push rod 5 retracts, and the mechanism protective shell 3 moves toward the fall protection component 7 to reach the next sampling height. The winch matches the height of the lowered wire rope 1.

[0040] Subsequently, the sampling push rod 2 moves, pushing the corresponding sampling cylinder 18 to the right and inserting it into the borehole wall of the exploration well 4 for sampling. After the sampling cylinder 18 is inserted to the specified depth (determined by the pushing distance of the sampling push rod 2), the sampling cylinder 18 is not pulled out. Then, the left friction disc 8 and the right friction disc 16 move relative to each other and are no longer supported by the borehole wall of the exploration well 4. The electric push rod 5 drives the fall protection component 7 to descend. After reaching the extension limit of the electric push rod 5, the left friction disc 8 and the right friction disc 16 of the fall protection component 7 move away from each other and re-support the borehole wall of the exploration well 4. Then the sampling cylinder 18 is pulled out, and the electric push rod 5 drives the soil sampling mechanism to descend to a new soil sampling height. This cycle can be repeated to complete the sampling operation at multiple heights in the same vertical position.

[0041] The patent title of this invention is "Automatic Downhole Sampling Device for Precise Multi-Spot Sampling in Collapsible Loess Wells". "Multi-spot" refers to the ability of this device to sample multiple points in a single deployment. "Precise" refers to two aspects: 1. the distance between two boreholes (upper and lower); 2. the circumferential position of the two boreholes. In this invention, the distance between the two boreholes is determined by the stroke of the electric push rod 5, making it easy to control. The circumferential position of the two boreholes is also consistent, meaning all boreholes are on the same vertical line. Therefore, the automatic downhole sampling device in this invention can be called a multi-spot precision automatic downhole sampling device.

[0042] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of patent protection of the present invention shall be determined by the claims. Similarly, any equivalent structural changes made based on the description and drawings of the present invention shall also be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A downhole automatic sampling device for precision sampling of multiple points of a collapsible loess exploration well, comprising a falling prevention assembly and a soil sampling mechanism, the upper end of the soil sampling mechanism being used to be connected with a winch through a steel wire rope, characterized in that: The soil sampling mechanism includes a protective housing. Inside the protective housing, an upper sprocket and a lower sprocket with axes extending in the left-right direction are rotatably mounted. A circulating chain is wound around the upper and lower sprockets, which are driven by a stepper motor. Multiple mounting cylinders are spaced apart circumferentially along the outer side of the circulating chain. The axes of the mounting cylinders extend in the left-right direction. A sampling cylinder is guided and moved in each mounting cylinder. A sampling hole is provided on the right side wall of the protective housing. A sampling push rod is provided inside the protective housing on the left side of the circulating chain. When the push rod extends, it pushes the sampling cylinder in the corresponding mounting cylinder to the right, so that the right end of the sampling cylinder extends into the borehole wall through the sampling hole. When the push rod retracts, it pulls the sampling cylinder back into the protective housing. The left end of the mounting cylinder is provided with a stop structure that cooperates with the corresponding sampling cylinder to disengage the push rod from the left end of the sampling cylinder during the leftward movement of the push rod.

2. The downhole auto-sampling device of claim 1, wherein: The left end of the sampling tube is provided with a sampling tube connection structure for cooperating with the force transmission of the push rod. The sampling tube connection structure includes at least three arc-shaped elastic petals that are circumferentially spaced around the axis of the sampling tube. Each arc-shaped elastic petal forms a connecting cavity with a small opening and a large interior. The right end of the push rod is provided with a push ball head that matches the inner diameter of the connecting cavity.

3. An automatic downhole sampling device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The fall arrestor is located on the lower side of the protective shell of the mechanism. The protective shell of the mechanism and the fall arrestor are connected by a vertically arranged electric push rod. A rotation-resistant guide structure extending in the vertical direction is provided between the protective shell of the mechanism and the fall arrestor.

4. The automatic downhole sampling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fall arrestor assembly includes a fall arrestor housing, an electric push rod connected between the mechanism protective housing and the fall arrestor housing, and a support guide structure including two vertically arranged guide rods, the upper end of which is fixed to the bottom of the mechanism protective housing, and the lower end of which is guided and inserted into the top plate of the fall arrestor housing.

5. The automatic downhole sampling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fall arrestor assembly housing contains a gear driven by a fall arrestor motor. The upper and lower sides of the gear are equipped with an upper rack and a lower rack that move in a left-right direction. The left end of the upper rack is connected to a left friction disc for contact and friction with the borehole wall. The right end of the upper rack is connected to a right friction disc for contact and friction with the borehole wall.

6. The automatic downhole sampling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The left and right friction discs are at the same height. A left transmission rod is mounted on the left side wall of the fall arrestor housing, moving along the left-right direction. The left friction disc is fixed to the left end of the left transmission rod. A first vertical transmission plate is fixed to the right end of the left transmission rod, and the upper end of the first vertical transmission plate is fixed to the left end of the upper rack. A right transmission rod is mounted on the right side wall of the fall arrestor housing, moving along the left-right direction. The right friction disc is fixed to the right end of the right transmission rod. A second vertical transmission plate is fixed to the left end of the right transmission rod, and the upper end of the second vertical transmission plate is fixed to the right end of the lower rack.

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