A self-suction type reservoir front water quality stratified sampling and prediction and early warning device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of water quality monitoring technology, specifically disclosing a self-priming reservoir dam-front water quality stratified sampling and prediction early warning device, comprising: an installation mechanism including a dam body and a workstation, the workstation being equipped with an adsorption component; a monitoring mechanism including a computer mounted on the workstation and an electronic pressure gauge and a multi-parameter water quality detector mounted on the adsorption component; a conveying component between the workstation and the adsorption component; and a water quality prediction and early warning model integrated on the computer. This invention, by setting up the adsorption component and the workstation with the water quality prediction and early warning model, can effectively improve the quality and reliability of water sources for reservoir water diversion, providing a scientific basis and technical support for setting pollution discharge limits and achieving high-quality water allocation for reservoirs, and providing technological support for strict water resource management assessment and the promotion of the river chief system, thus having significant social and ecological benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of water quality monitoring technology, specifically relating to a self-priming reservoir dam front water quality stratification sampling and prediction early warning device. Background Technology

[0002] A reservoir is a hydraulic engineering structure used for flood control, water storage, and water flow regulation. It can be used for irrigation, power generation, flood control, and fish farming. It refers to an artificial lake formed by building a dam at the narrowest point of a mountain valley or river. After completion, a reservoir serves multiple purposes, including flood control, water storage for irrigation, water supply, power generation, and fish farming. Sometimes, natural lakes are also called reservoirs. Reservoirs are usually classified by their capacity, such as small, medium, and large. To ensure the water quality of the reservoir is suitable for normal use by residents, water quality monitoring is typically required.

[0003] According to patent publication number CN 210665717 U, a water quality testing device is disclosed, including a movable handcart, a water receiver located inside the handcart, a water quality monitoring device located on the upper left side of the handcart, a water suction device located on the upper right side of the handcart, and a hook located on the right side of the handcart. This utility model is used for water quality testing in dams and ponds, and can analyze and test the water quality in ponds or dams to determine whether its components meet the conditions for fish farming and other aquatic product production.

[0004] The existing reservoir water quality monitoring devices require manual operation to take samples for testing each time they are used. The automation level is insufficient, the workload of the staff is high, and the monitoring results lack the function of on-site analysis and early warning.

[0005] To address the problems raised in the background art, those skilled in the art have proposed a self-priming reservoir dam-front water quality stratification sampling and water quality prediction and early warning device. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a self-priming reservoir dam front water quality stratification sampling and water quality prediction and early warning device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A self-priming reservoir dam-front water quality stratification sampling and prediction early warning device includes:

[0009] The installation mechanism includes a dam body and a workstation. The workstation is equipped with an adsorption component, which is adsorbed onto the dam body.

[0010] The monitoring agency includes a computer installed on a workstation, an electronic pressure gauge and a multi-parameter water quality detector installed on the adsorption component, a conveying component between the workstation and the adsorption component, and the workstation is connected to the adsorption component through the conveying component. The computer integrates a water quality prediction and early warning model.

[0011] Preferably, the adsorption assembly includes a suction cup and a fixed steel plate disposed on the suction cup, and the electronic pressure gauge and the water quality multi-parameter detector are both mounted on the fixed steel plate.

[0012] Preferably, the conveying component includes a water pump and an air pump installed on the workstation. The water pump is connected to a water inlet pipe, and one end of the air pump is connected to a cable. The ends of the cable and the water inlet pipe away from the workstation are both connected to the inside of the suction cup.

[0013] Preferably, the workstation is equipped with a sampling chamber, the sampling chamber has a sampling port, and one end of the water pump is connected to the sampling port.

[0014] Preferably, a water outlet pipe is provided at one end of the sampling chamber, and the water outlet pipe is connected to the sampling chamber.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] (1) This invention uses an adsorption component and a workstation equipped with a water quality prediction and early warning model. The adsorption component (A) is fixed at a specific depth on the dam body using a suction cup. An air pump evacuates the air from the suction cup, allowing it to non-invasively adhere to the dam body. A water pump continuously draws water from the suction cup to the workstation via an inlet pipe. The workstation has a sampling port for collecting water samples at any time. After passing through the workstation, the water is stored in a sampling chamber. The computer then uses the water quality prediction and early warning model to detect and analyze the water quality. Finally, the tested water flows naturally back to the reservoir through an outlet pipe. The workstation's calculations... The built-in water quality prediction and early warning model can simulate and calculate the outflow water quality based on the inflow section and compare it with the monitoring results in real time. If the predicted outflow water quality exceeds the management department's regulations, an alarm will be issued. This can effectively improve the quality of water sources for reservoir water transfer and the reliability of water quality transfer. It provides a scientific basis and technical support for reservoirs to set pollution discharge red lines and achieve high-quality water quantity scheduling. It has important reference value for the assessment of watershed pollution discharge capacity and the phased control of total discharge. It provides scientific and technological support for strict water resource management assessment and the promotion of the river chief system, and has significant social and ecological benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Inlet pipe; 2. Outlet pipe; 3. Suction cup; 4. Fixed steel plate; 5. Workstation; 6. Cable; 7. Electronic pressure gauge; 8. Water quality multi-parameter detector; 9. Dam body; 10. Sampling chamber; 11. Sampling port; 12. Water pump; 13. Computer; 14. Water quality prediction and early warning model. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1:

[0021] Please see Figure 1 As shown, a self-priming reservoir dam-front water quality stratification sampling and water quality prediction and early warning device includes:

[0022] The installation mechanism includes a dam body 9 and a workstation 5. An adsorption component is installed on the workstation 5, and the adsorption component adsorbs onto the dam body 9.

[0023] The monitoring agency includes a computer 13 installed on workstation 5, an electronic pressure gauge 7 and a water quality multi-parameter detector 8 installed on the adsorption component. A conveying component is provided between workstation 5 and the adsorption component, and workstation 5 is connected to the adsorption component through the conveying component. A water quality prediction and early warning model 14 is integrated on computer 13.

[0024] Specifically, the water quality impact prediction equipment of this device adopts a vertical two-dimensional water quality mathematical model, while the downstream river water quality prediction adopts a vertical one-dimensional water quality mathematical model. Since changes in river width have a certain impact on heat exchange at the water surface and heat transfer to the underwater environment, a width-averaged k-ε turbulence model is used. The hydrodynamic equations in the Cartesian coordinate system are as follows:

[0025]

[0026] In the formula: For the generation of turbulent kinetic energy, This is the buoyancy-generating term. During stable stratification, this buoyancy term can suppress the generation of turbulent kinetic energy and weaken the downward transfer of heat, making it an important factor in maintaining stable stratification in reservoirs. e The molecular viscosity coefficient ν and the turbulent eddy viscosity coefficient ν t The sum, m2 / s

[0027] u and w are the longitudinal and vertical flow velocities, respectively, in m / s;

[0028] p represents pressure, with the unit being Pa.

[0029] B represents the width of the water body, a function of elevation, and is expressed in meters (m).

[0030] K is the turbulent kinetic energy, with units of m. 2 / s 2 ;

[0031] E represents the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate, with units of m² / s³.

[0032] σ k σ ε C represents the Prandtl numbers for turbulent kinetic energy and dissipation rate, typically taken as 1.0 and 1.3, respectively. μ C 1ε C 2ε These are model constants, with values ​​of 0.09, 1.44, and 1.92. The constants in the hydrodynamic model equations are general constants, their values ​​determined by basic experiments and not changed by specific problems.

[0033] Temperature equation:

[0034] In the formula: σ T The temperature Prandtl number is related to the density gradient and velocity gradient, and can be corrected using the Munk-Aoerson formula. Where σ T0 Here, is the Prandtl number for turbulence in a temperature gradient-free environment, typically taken as 0.85, and Ri is the density gradient Ri Chardson number. Cp [J / kg·℃] is the specific heat of water; φ z The solar radiation flux through the z-plane is expressed in W / m².

[0035] The water quality equation for this device is:

[0036] In the formula: B is the width of the water body, in meters; u and w are the longitudinal and vertical flow velocities, respectively, in m / s; φ is the concentration of water quality elements, in mg / L; Dx and Dz are the longitudinal and vertical diffusion coefficients, respectively, in m² / s; qΦ is the rate of lateral water quality inflow and outflow in the unit control volume, in mg / L·s; S φ Source and sink terms, unit: mg / L·s;

[0037] Specifically, the adsorption assembly includes a suction cup 3 and a fixed steel plate 4 set on the suction cup 3. The electronic pressure gauge 7 and the water quality multi-parameter detector 8 are both installed on the fixed steel plate 4.

[0038] Specifically, the conveying components include a water pump 12 and an air pump installed on the workstation 5. The water pump 12 is connected to a water inlet pipe 1, and one end of the air pump is connected to a cable 6. The ends of the cable 6 and the water inlet pipe 1 away from the workstation 5 are both connected to the inside of the suction cup 3.

[0039] Specifically, workstation 5 is equipped with a sampling chamber 10, which has a sampling port 11. One end of the water pump 12 is connected to the sampling port 11.

[0040] Specifically, a water outlet pipe 2 is provided at one end of the sampling chamber 10, and the water outlet pipe 2 is connected to the sampling chamber 10.

[0041] As described above, this device, through the installation of an adsorption component and a workstation 5 equipped with a water quality prediction and early warning model 14, uses a suction cup 3 to fix the adsorption component A at a specific depth on the dam body 9. An air pump evacuates the air from the suction cup 3, allowing it to non-invasively adhere to the dam body 9. A water pump 12 continuously draws water from the suction cup 3 to the workstation 5 via an inlet pipe 1. The workstation 5 has a sampling port 11 for collecting water samples at any time. After passing through the workstation 5, the pumped water is stored in a sampling chamber 10. The computer 13 then uses the water quality prediction and early warning model 14 to detect and analyze the water quality. Finally, the tested water flows naturally back into the reservoir through the outlet pipe 2. The water quality prediction and early warning model 14 built into the computer 13 of the workstation 5 can simulate and calculate the outflow water quality based on the inflow section water quality and compare it with the monitoring results. Real-time comparison, with an alarm issued if the predicted outflow water quality exceeds the management department's regulations, can effectively improve the quality and reliability of water sources for reservoir water transfer. This provides a scientific basis and technical support for reservoirs to set pollution discharge limits and achieve high-quality water allocation. It also serves as an important reference for basin pollution discharge capacity assessment and phased total discharge control, providing technological support for strict water resource management assessment and the promotion of the river chief system. It has significant social and ecological benefits. Furthermore, the main characteristics of large river-type reservoirs are: relatively deep water, narrow water surface, and small width-to-depth ratio. The lateral differences in flow velocity, water temperature, pollutant concentration, and sediment content within the reservoir area are relatively small, while the vertical variations are significant. Regarding the selection of source terms and parameters for this device, the water quality factors studied in this study include COD, NH3-N, TP, and TN. These water quality factor source and sink terms only include the attenuation process under the self-purification effect of the water body.

[0042] Since only degradation or attenuation processes are considered, and these processes are assumed to be first-order kinetic reactions, the source and sink terms of the transport equations for water quality components such as COD, NH3-N, TP, and TN have the same form as follows:

[0043] S φ =-k (20°) θ T-20 C.

[0044] In the formula, k(20°) is the degradation coefficient of each water quality component when the water temperature is 20℃, θ is the temperature correction coefficient of each water quality component, and C is the concentration of the corresponding water quality component, in mg / L.

[0045] In this study, the source terms of Fe and Mn in water quality factors were mainly influenced by sedimentation and resuspension. Source-sink term expressions:

[0046] In the formula, SOD is the oxygen demand of sediment, in g / (m2·s); γom is the temperature rate multiplier; As is the bed area, in m2; ωFe is the settling velocity of Fe and Mn, in m / s; and ΦFe is the concentration of Fe and Mn, in mg / L.

[0047] All standard parts used in this invention can be purchased commercially, and irregularly shaped parts can be customized according to the description and drawings. The specific connection methods for each part all employ conventional methods such as bolts, rivets, and welding, which are mature technologies in the prior art. The machinery, parts, and equipment all use conventional models in the prior art, and the circuit connections also use conventional connection methods in the prior art, which will not be detailed here. Any content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0048] In the description of this invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. "A plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0049] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0050] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0051] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0052] The accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed in this invention only involve structures relevant to the embodiments disclosed in this invention. Other structures can be referred to with common designs. Unless otherwise specified, the same embodiment and different embodiments of this invention can be combined with each other.

[0053] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A self-priming reservoir dam-front water quality stratified sampling and prediction early warning device, characterized in that, include: The installation mechanism includes a dam body (9) and a workstation (5). The workstation (5) is equipped with an adsorption component, which adsorbs onto the dam body (9). The monitoring agency includes a computer (13) installed on the workstation (5), an electronic pressure gauge (7) and a water quality multi-parameter detector (8) installed on the adsorption component. A conveying component is provided between the workstation (5) and the adsorption component. The workstation (5) is connected to the adsorption component through the conveying component. A water quality prediction and early warning model (14) is integrated on the computer (13).

2. The self-priming reservoir dam-front water quality stratified sampling and water quality prediction and early warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorption assembly includes a suction cup (3) and a fixed steel plate (4) set on the suction cup (3). The electronic pressure gauge (7) and the water quality multi-parameter detector (8) are both installed on the fixed steel plate (4).

3. The self-priming reservoir dam-front water quality stratified sampling and water quality prediction and early warning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conveying components include a water pump (12) and an air pump installed on the workstation (5). The water pump (12) is connected to an inlet pipe (1), and one end of the air pump is connected to a cable (6). The ends of the cable (6) and the inlet pipe (1) away from the workstation (5) are both connected to the inside of the suction cup (3).

4. The self-priming reservoir dam inlet water quality stratification sampling and water quality prediction and early warning device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The workstation (5) is equipped with a sampling chamber (10), and the sampling chamber (10) has a sampling port (11). One end of the water pump (12) is connected to the sampling port (11).

5. The self-priming reservoir dam inlet water quality stratification sampling and water quality prediction and early warning device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sampling chamber (10) is provided with a water outlet pipe (2) at one end, and the water outlet pipe (2) is connected to the sampling chamber (10).

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