A method, system, medium, and device for wind-sand erosion intensity inversion

Abstract

This invention discloses a method, system, medium, and equipment for inverting wind and sand erosion intensity, relating to the interdisciplinary fields of desert ecological monitoring and dendrochronology. The method includes collecting the exposed root height of *Sedum spectabile* shrubs; extracting cross-sections of the exposed lateral roots at the top and the buried base of each shrub to determine the top and base cross-sections; determining the number of annual rings at the top and base cross-sections based on the top cross-sections; using the difference between the number of annual rings at the base and top cross-sections as the duration of wind and sand erosion; using the ratio of the exposed root height to the duration of wind and sand erosion as the average annual wind and sand erosion intensity of each shrub; and using the arithmetic mean of the average annual wind and sand erosion intensity of each shrub as the inversion result of the wind and sand erosion intensity in the region.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the interdisciplinary field of desert ecological monitoring and dendrochronology, and in particular to a method, system, medium, and equipment for inverting wind and sand erosion intensity. Background Technology

[0002] Wind erosion is a major driver of desert ecosystem degradation. Accurately reconstructing the intensity of wind erosion in historical periods is of great significance for understanding the desertification process and assessing the impacts of climate change and human activities on ecosystems.

[0003] Currently, methods for assessing the intensity of wind and sand erosion, such as model simulation methods like the RWEQ model, calculate the wind erosion modulus by inputting annual climate, soil, and vegetation factors. The model outputs the average or annual erosion amount over a specific period. Although it can quantitatively invert the soil wind erosion modulus, the erosion sequence output by the model starts from the year of input data, equating the number of years of erosion with the time span of the input data. This fails to reflect the actual duration of wind and sand erosion, thus affecting the accuracy of the actual erosion intensity assessment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method, system, medium, and device for inverting wind and sand erosion intensity, to solve the aforementioned problems existing in the prior art, namely, how to achieve accurate inversion of wind and sand erosion intensity in the prior art. This invention provides a method for inverting wind and sand erosion intensity, which includes: Based on the collection of multiple *Euphorbia milii* shrubs in the test area, the root exposure height of each *Euphorbia milii* shrub was determined. Using the surface interface as the boundary, cross-sections of the exposed top section and the underground buried section corresponding to the exposed lateral roots of each *Euphorbia milii* shrub were taken to determine the top and base sections. Based on the top section, the number of annual rings in the corresponding top section was determined, and based on the obtained base section, the number of annual rings in the corresponding base section was determined. The difference between the number of annual rings in the base section and the number of annual rings in the top section was taken as the number of years of wind and sand erosion. The ratio of the root system exposure height to the number of years of continuous wind and sand erosion is taken as the annual average wind and sand erosion intensity of each *Euphorbia milii* shrub. The arithmetic mean of the annual average wind and sand erosion intensity of each *Euphorbia milii* shrub is taken as the inversion result of the wind and sand erosion intensity of the region.

[0005] Optionally, the base section is a buried section located below the surface interface where the annual ring growth is not affected by exposure.

[0006] Optionally, obtaining the root exposure height specifically includes: Obtain the vertical distance from the top of the exposed segment of the exposed lateral root of each *Euphorbia milii* shrub to the ground surface, and use this distance as the root exposure height of the *Euphorbia milii* shrub.

[0007] Optionally, the exposed lateral root is the lateral root closest to the main stem, which is in a partially exposed state.

[0008] Optionally, for the top section and the base section, count along at least two radial lines respectively, and take the average value as the number of annual rings in the top section and the number of annual rings in the base section respectively.

[0009] Optionally, the number of *Euphorbia milii* shrubs in the area to be tested shall not be less than 5.

[0010] Also includes: The steps for segmented slicing analysis of the exposed section of the exposed lateral root are as follows: along the exposed section from the top to the surface interface, a cross section is cut at preset intervals, the number of annual rings of each cross section is counted, the ratio of the difference in the number of annual rings between adjacent cross sections to the length of the section is calculated, and the erosion intensity of each stage is determined.

[0011] This invention provides a system for inverting wind and sand erosion intensity, comprising: The sample collection and processing module is used to determine the root exposure height of each *Euphorbia milii* shrub based on multiple *Euphorbia milii* shrubs collected from the test area. The tree ring counting module is used to extract cross-sections of the exposed top section and the underground buried base section of each *Euphorbia tirucalli* shrub, with the surface interface as the dividing line. The top and base sections are then determined. Based on the top section, the corresponding number of tree rings is determined, and based on the obtained base section, the corresponding number of tree rings is determined. The difference between the number of tree rings at the base section and the number at the top section is used as the number of years of sustained wind and sand erosion. The erosion intensity calculation module is used to take the ratio of the root exposure height to the number of years of continuous wind and sand erosion as the annual average wind and sand erosion intensity of each *Euphorbia milii* shrub, and take the arithmetic mean of the annual average wind and sand erosion intensity of each *Euphorbia milii* shrub as the inversion result of the wind and sand erosion intensity of the area.

[0012] The present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method for inverting wind and sand erosion intensity.

[0013] The present invention provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the above-mentioned method for inverting wind and sand erosion intensity.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention provides a method for inverting wind and sand erosion intensity. This method obtains the number of annual rings at the top section and the number of annual rings at the base section of each *Euphorbia tirucalli* shrub, and uses the difference between the number of annual rings at the top section and the number of annual rings at the base section to directly reflect the number of years of erosion. By using the ratio of the root system exposure height to the number of years of wind and sand erosion as the average annual wind and sand erosion intensity of each *Euphorbia tirucalli* shrub, accurate inversion results of wind and sand erosion intensity can be obtained without relying on any empirical parameters or climate factor input. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0016] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for inverting wind and sand erosion intensity provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the measurement of the exposed height of the lateral root provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a computer device for the wind and sand erosion intensity inversion method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention and how the technical solution of the present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Example 1 Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for inverting wind and sand erosion intensity provided in an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 1 As shown in this embodiment, a method for inverting wind and sand erosion intensity includes: S1: Based on the collection of multiple *Euphorbia milii* shrubs in the test area, determine the root exposure height of each *Euphorbia milii* shrub.

[0020] For example, a typical wind-eroded slope can be selected in the area to be tested, and sampling points can be set up on the windward slope. The selection of sampling points should follow the principle of "partial exposure": that is, select sections of the lateral roots of the *Euphorbia tirucalli* shrub that are exposed above the ground due to wind erosion, while the rest remain buried below the ground. The specific sampling location of the lateral roots is not predetermined at a fixed distance, but should be based on finding lateral roots that meet the conditions of partial exposure and whose annual rings are clearly identifiable on site.

[0021] For example, for the exposed lateral roots of a selected plant, a ruler or measuring tape with an accuracy of 1 mm can be used to first measure them according to... Figure 2 The vertical distance between the top (highest point) of the exposed segment of the exposed lateral root and the current ground surface (ground surface interface) is measured as shown. This distance is defined as the root exposure height (H), and the value is recorded (unit: cm or mm).

[0022] S2: Using the surface interface as the boundary, cut cross-sections of the exposed top section and the underground buried base section corresponding to the exposed lateral roots of each *Euphorbia tirucalli* shrub to determine the top section and the base section. Based on the top section, determine the corresponding number of annual rings at the top section, and based on the obtained base section, determine the corresponding number of annual rings at the base section. The difference between the obtained number of annual rings at the base section and the number of annual rings at the top section is taken as the number of years of wind and sand erosion.

[0023] For example, after measuring the root bare height (H), a complete sample of the bare lateral root can be collected using a handsaw or pruning shears. Sampling must include both the bare portion (above ground) and the buried portion (below ground), ensuring the total sample length is greater than the sum of the bare height and the buried depth. Using the ground surface as a boundary, cross-sections are taken at the top of the bare section and the base of the buried section of the lateral root. Sampling is performed at each sampling point based on the actual number of bare lateral roots that can be collected, typically collecting lateral root samples from no fewer than 5 plants (based on the actual number of available samples). The geographical coordinates, elevation, and slope aspect of the sampling point are recorded.

[0024] For example, after the collected root samples were brought back to the laboratory, they were cut into 2-3 cm thick root rings from the top and base cross-sections, following dendrochronological methods, to facilitate subsequent polishing and measurement. During polishing, the roots were first coarsely ground on a sander using 60 and 120 grit sandpaper, followed by manual polishing with 1200 grit sandpaper until the earlywood and latewood boundaries were clearly visible under a microscope.

[0025] For the top section, all annual rings from the pith to the bark are identified and counted under a microscope, denoted as A1; for the base section, all annual rings are counted in the same way, denoted as A2. Counting is performed along at least two radial lines for each section, and the average value is taken as the number of annual rings for that section to reduce counting errors. To ensure dating accuracy, preliminary cross-dating markings are made in different directions within the tree basin. Subsequent measurements can only be performed after cross-dating within the tree basin is completed. Ring width is measured using a LINTAB ring width measuring instrument with a precision of 1 / 1000 mm and TSAPWin software. Measurements are taken in two directions for each tree basin, measuring the annual ring width ring by ring along the root radial direction from the pith to the bark. The COFECHA program is used to verify the width measurements between tree basins and the cross-dating results to ensure accurate dating.

[0026] For example, the duration (T) of wind erosion can be calculated using the following formula: T=A2−A1 Where A1 is the number of annual rings (years) at the top section, A2 is the number of annual rings (years) at the base section, and T is the number of years of erosion.

[0027] Explanation of the principle: Before wind and sand erosion, the lateral root is entirely buried underground, with its top and bottom growing synchronously, both having the same number of annual rings (A0). As wind and sand gradually erode the upper soil, the top of the lateral root is exposed to the air and stops forming new annual rings due to the loss of water and nutrients from the soil (the number of annual rings becomes fixed at A1); while the base of the lateral root remains buried in the soil and continues to form new annual rings (the number of annual rings continues to increase to A2). Therefore, the difference between A2 and A1 is the number of years from the exposure of the lateral root top to the sampling time. This difference is not affected by climate fluctuations because different parts of the same root system share the same growth environment before exposure.

[0028] S3: The ratio of the root system exposure height to the number of years of continuous wind and sand erosion is taken as the annual average wind and sand erosion intensity of each *Euphorbia milii* shrub. The arithmetic mean of the annual average wind and sand erosion intensity of each *Euphorbia milii* shrub is taken as the inversion result of the wind and sand erosion intensity of the region.

[0029] For example, the root exposure height (H) measured in S1 can be divided by the number of years of erosion (T) calculated in step S2 to obtain the annual average wind erosion intensity (E) at the sampling point: E=H / T Where H is the exposed height (unit: cm or mm), T is the number of years of erosion (unit: a), and E is in cm / a or mm / a.

[0030] For the same area to be tested, the erosion intensity values ​​of multiple plant samples were calculated separately, and the arithmetic mean was taken as the inversion result of the wind and sand erosion intensity of the area: Ē=(ΣEᵢ) / n Where Eᵢ is the erosion intensity value calculated for the i-th sample, and n is the total number of valid samples.

[0031] Example 2 For example, this embodiment illustrates a method for handling situations where the annual rings on the top section are blurred and cannot be accurately counted due to long-term exposure above the ground surface and the effects of weathering, sunlight, and microorganisms.

[0032] (1) Sample collection When sampling in the field, if the exposed section of the target lateral root is found to be decayed, cracked, or has unclear annual ring boundaries, in addition to collecting samples according to the method in Example 1, a complete root disc with a thickness of about 3 to 5 cm should be cut at the ground surface interface (i.e., the critical position where the lateral root crosses the ground surface), and the direction of its above-ground and underground sides should be marked.

[0033] (2) Identification of anatomical structural mutations Root discs at the surface interface were brought back to the laboratory, and annual ring sections were prepared and microscopically observed according to the method in Example 1. The focus was on observing changes in the annual ring anatomy in the transition region from the underground side (buried section) to the aboveground side (exposed section), identifying one or more of the following abrupt change signals:

[0034] Sudden decrease in catheter area: In the year of initial exposure, the catheter lumen diameter suddenly and significantly decreases, and the catheter density increases; Abrupt narrowing of growth ring width: The width of growth rings suddenly narrows at a certain boundary, and this narrowing occurs simultaneously on multiple radial lines; Eccentric growth initiation: The annual rings change from a nearly concentric circle shape to a distinctly eccentric shape, growing towards one side; Reactive wood formation: Reactive wood tissue with darker color and abnormal cell morphology appears on the eccentric side of the root system.

[0035] When one or more of the above-mentioned abrupt change signals present a clear radial boundary in the cross-section of the disk, the year in which the boundary is located is determined as the starting year (Y0) when the lateral root is exposed due to wind and sand erosion.

[0036] (3) Determination of duration and calculation of erosion intensity Subtracting the starting year (Y0) from the sampling year (Y_sample) yields the number of years the erosion lasted. T=Y_sample−Y0 Divide the root exposure height H by T to obtain the average annual wind and sand erosion intensity. The remaining data processing methods are the same as S3 in Example 1.

[0037] Explanation of the principle: When lateral roots are still buried underground, their annual rings are regular concentric circles with uniform vascular bundle area and ring width. Once lateral roots are exposed to the surface due to wind and sand erosion of the overlying soil, drastic changes in light, temperature, and moisture conditions trigger a physiological stress response in the root system, leading to irreversible mutations in the anatomical structure of subsequently formed annual rings. This mutation is recorded within the same cross-section, independent of the clarity of the top annual ring, and therefore can serve as an effective alternative dating method when the top annual ring is weathered and missing.

[0038] Example 3 To further obtain the interannual variation characteristics of wind and sand erosion intensity, segmented slice analysis can be performed on the exposed sections of the exposed lateral roots: Along the exposed section from top to the surface, cross-sections are taken at intervals of 1 cm or 2 cm, and the number of annual rings at each cross-section is counted. The ratio of the difference in the number of annual rings ΔT between adjacent cross-sections to the length ΔH of the section is calculated to obtain the phased erosion intensity within that time period, thus forming a time series of historical wind and sand erosion intensity.

[0039] This extended scheme can be used to invert the trend of wind and sand erosion rate over time, providing richer time-series information for studying the dynamic evolution of desertification.

[0040] The above are one or more embodiments of the wind and sand erosion intensity inversion method provided in this specification. Based on the same idea, this specification also provides a corresponding wind and sand erosion intensity inversion system, including: The sample collection and processing module is used to determine the root exposure height of each *Euphorbia milii* shrub based on multiple *Euphorbia milii* shrubs collected from the test area. The tree ring counting module is used to extract cross-sections of the exposed top section and the underground buried base section of each *Euphorbia tirucalli* shrub, with the surface interface as the dividing line. The top and base sections are then determined. Based on the top section, the corresponding number of tree rings is determined, and based on the obtained base section, the corresponding number of tree rings is determined. The difference between the number of tree rings at the base section and the number at the top section is used as the number of years of sustained wind and sand erosion. The erosion intensity calculation module is used to take the ratio of the root exposure height to the number of years of continuous wind and sand erosion as the annual average wind and sand erosion intensity of each *Euphorbia milii* shrub, and take the arithmetic mean of the annual average wind and sand erosion intensity of each *Euphorbia milii* shrub as the inversion result of the wind and sand erosion intensity of the area.

[0041] Specific limitations regarding the wind erosion intensity inversion system can be found in the limitations of the wind erosion intensity inversion method described above, and will not be repeated here. Each module in the aforementioned wind erosion intensity inversion system can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. These modules can be embedded in the processor of a computer device in hardware form or independent of it, or stored in the memory of a computer device in software form, so that the processor can call and execute the corresponding operations of each module.

[0042] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that can be used to execute the wind and sand erosion intensity inversion method provided above.

[0043] The present invention also provides Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the computer device shown is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, at the hardware level, the computer device includes a processor, an internal bus, a network interface, memory, and non-volatile memory, and may also include other hardware required for business operations. The processor reads the corresponding computer program from the non-volatile memory into memory and then runs it to implement the wind and sand erosion intensity inversion method provided in the above embodiments.

[0044] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any references to memory, storage, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided by this invention can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, or optical storage, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM), etc.

[0045] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for inverting the intensity of wind and sand erosion, characterized in that, include: Based on the collection of multiple *Euphorbia milii* shrubs in the test area, the root exposure height of each *Euphorbia milii* shrub was determined. Using the surface interface as the boundary, cross-sections of the exposed top section and the underground buried section corresponding to the exposed lateral roots of each *Euphorbia milii* shrub were taken to determine the top and base sections. Based on the top section, the number of annual rings in the corresponding top section was determined, and based on the obtained base section, the number of annual rings in the corresponding base section was determined. The difference between the number of annual rings in the base section and the number of annual rings in the top section was taken as the number of years of wind and sand erosion. The ratio of the root system exposure height to the number of years of continuous wind and sand erosion is taken as the annual average wind and sand erosion intensity of each *Euphorbia milii* shrub. The arithmetic mean of the annual average wind and sand erosion intensity of each *Euphorbia milii* shrub is taken as the inversion result of the wind and sand erosion intensity of the region.

2. The method for inverting wind and sand erosion intensity as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The base section is the buried section located below the surface interface, where the annual ring growth is not affected by exposure.

3. The method for inverting wind and sand erosion intensity as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition of the exposed root height specifically includes: Obtain the vertical distance from the top of the exposed segment of the exposed lateral root of each *Euphorbia milii* shrub to the ground surface, and use this distance as the root exposure height of the *Euphorbia milii* shrub.

4. The method for inverting wind and sand erosion intensity as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The exposed lateral roots are the lateral roots closest to the main stem, and they are in a partially exposed state.

5. The method for inverting wind and sand erosion intensity as described in claim 1, characterized in that, For the top section and the base section, count along at least two radial lines respectively, and take the average value as the number of annual rings for the top section and the base section respectively.

6. The method for inverting wind and sand erosion intensity as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The number of *Euphorbia milii* shrubs in the area to be tested shall not be less than 5.

7. The method for inverting wind and sand erosion intensity as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The steps for segmented slicing analysis of the exposed section of the exposed lateral root are as follows: along the exposed section from the top to the surface interface, a cross section is cut at preset intervals, the number of annual rings of each cross section is counted, the ratio of the difference in the number of annual rings between adjacent cross sections to the length of the section is calculated, and the erosion intensity of each stage is determined.

8. A system for inverting wind and sand erosion intensity, characterized in that, include: The sample collection and processing module is used to determine the root exposure height of each *Euphorbia milii* shrub based on multiple *Euphorbia milii* shrubs collected from the test area. The tree ring counting module is used to extract cross-sections of the exposed top section and the underground buried base section of each *Euphorbia tirucalli* shrub, with the surface interface as the dividing line. The top and base sections are then determined. Based on the top section, the corresponding number of tree rings is determined, and based on the obtained base section, the corresponding number of tree rings is determined. The difference between the number of tree rings at the base section and the number at the top section is used as the number of years of sustained wind and sand erosion. The erosion intensity calculation module is used to take the ratio of the root exposure height to the number of years of continuous wind and sand erosion as the annual average wind and sand erosion intensity of each *Euphorbia milii* shrub, and take the arithmetic mean of the annual average wind and sand erosion intensity of each *Euphorbia milii* shrub as the inversion result of the wind and sand erosion intensity of the area.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the wind and sand erosion intensity inversion method according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer device, characterized in that, It includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the wind and sand erosion intensity inversion method according to any one of claims 1-7.

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