Aging Test Methods and Systems

Abstract

This disclosure belongs to the field of aging test technology, and provides an aging test method and system. The aging test method is applied to an aging test system, and is executed by the aging test system controller. In response to test start conditions, an aging start command is issued to the tooling equipment. This command triggers the tooling equipment to autonomously control the product under test (DUT) to execute an aging test sequence and autonomously complete the switching actions between multiple operating conditions within the aging test sequence. The method also acquires test status information fed back by the tooling equipment during the aging test. In response to test termination conditions, an aging stop command is issued to the tooling equipment. This command triggers the tooling equipment to control the DUT to stop the aging test. The aging test result is determined based on the test status information. This method separates the aging test process control from product category business, reduces the code complexity of the controller, and improves the integration efficiency of new product categories.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure belongs to the field of aging test technology, and more specifically, relates to an aging test method and system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, new energy power electronic equipment must undergo aging tests before leaving the factory.

[0003] However, existing aging test methods couple process control and category business logic to the same control device, resulting in the code constantly expanding as the number of categories increases, making it difficult to expand to new categories and making it difficult to share workstation and environmental resources. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide an aging test method and system, which aims to solve the technical problems in existing aging test systems where process control and product category business logic are highly coupled, resulting in the continuous expansion of control equipment code as product categories increase, difficulty in expanding to new product categories, and difficulty in sharing workstation and environmental resources.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide an aging test method applied to an aging test system, the aging test system including a controller and tooling equipment, the tooling equipment being connected to the product under test; the method is executed by the controller, and the method includes: In response to the test start condition, an aging start command is sent to the tooling equipment, wherein the aging start command is used to trigger the tooling equipment to autonomously control the product under test to execute the aging test sequence, and to autonomously complete the switching action between multiple working conditions in the aging test sequence. Obtain the test status information fed back by the tooling equipment during the aging test; In response to the test termination condition, an aging stop command is issued to the tooling equipment, which is used to trigger the tooling equipment to control the product under test to stop the aging test; The aging test results of the product under test are determined based on the test status information.

[0006] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure provide an aging test system, including a controller and tooling equipment; The controller is configured to issue an aging start command to the tooling equipment in response to a test start condition, obtain test status information fed back by the tooling equipment during the aging test, issue an aging stop command to the tooling equipment in response to a test termination condition, and determine the aging test result of the product under test based on the test status information. The tooling equipment is used to connect to the product under test. After receiving the aging start command, it autonomously controls the product under test to execute the aging test sequence and autonomously completes the switching action between multiple working conditions in the aging test sequence; after receiving the aging stop command, it controls the product under test to stop the aging test.

[0007] Thirdly, embodiments of this disclosure provide an electronic device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the electronic device performs the method as described in any of the first aspects.

[0008] Fourthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method as described in any of the first aspects.

[0009] Fifthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer program product that, when run on an electronic device, causes the electronic device to perform the method described in any one of the first aspects.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the embodiments disclosed herein compared to the prior art are as follows: This aging test method separates the process control of aging tests from the product category business logic through a two-tiered division of labor between the controller and the tooling equipment. The controller is only responsible for general process operations unrelated to the product, such as issuing aging start and stop commands, obtaining test status information, and determining aging test results. It does not involve the specific operating condition semantics of the product under test. The execution of aging test sequences related to the product category under test and the switching between multiple operating conditions are all completed autonomously by the tooling equipment. The controller and the tooling equipment only interact through aging start and stop commands and test status information. The controller does not need to issue single-step operating condition control commands to the tooling equipment, nor does it need to understand the specific operating conditions executed internally by different product categories under test.

[0011] Through the aforementioned architecture that separates process from business logic, the general process code on the controller side remains unchanged as the types of products under test increase. Category-related business logic is encapsulated on the tooling side, thus avoiding the problem of control equipment code continuously expanding with the addition of new product categories. When adding a new product category under test, only the corresponding tooling needs to be selected or developed; the process code on the controller side does not need to be redeveloped and verified, reducing the difficulty and cost of expanding to new categories. Simultaneously, because the controller executes unified process scheduling, products under test of different categories can access the same aging test system through corresponding tooling, sharing workstation resources, environmental resources, and data analysis capabilities. This solves the problem of resource sharing difficulties caused by configuring independent control equipment for each product type in existing technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an aging test system provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of an aging test method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart of an aging test method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 4 This is a schematic flowchart of an aging test method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another aging test system provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an aging test device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0014] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, so as to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this disclosure. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this disclosure may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of this disclosure with unnecessary detail.

[0015] It should be understood that, when used in this disclosure and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0016] It should also be understood that, in the description of this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, the " / " used in this specification and the appended claims indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B can mean A or B. The "and / or" in this disclosure is merely a description of the relationship between the related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. Furthermore, in the description of this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0017] Furthermore, to facilitate a clear description of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure, the terms "first" and "second" are used in the embodiments of this disclosure to distinguish identical or similar items with substantially the same function and effect. Those skilled in the art will understand that the terms "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity or execution order, but are only used for distinguishing descriptions, and the terms "first" and "second" are not necessarily different, nor should they be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0018] As used in this disclosure and the appended claims, the term "if" may be interpreted, depending on the context, as "when," "once," "in response to determination," or "in response to detection." Similarly, the phrase "if determined" or "if [the described condition or event] is detected" may be interpreted, depending on the context, as "once determined," "in response to determination," "once [the described condition or event] is detected," or "in response to detection of [the described condition or event]."

[0019] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as described in this disclosure mean that one or more embodiments of this disclosure include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including, but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0020] Currently, new energy power electronic equipment such as photovoltaic inverters, energy storage DC-DC converters, energy storage inverters, charging pile power modules, and uninterruptible power supplies typically require aging tests before leaving the factory. Aging tests require the tested product to operate continuously and undergo typical operating condition switching under controlled power and environmental conditions in order to expose early product failures.

[0021] Existing aging test systems typically couple process control and product business logic into a single control device. This control device is responsible for creating test tasks, controlling power-on / off, timing, status monitoring, alarms, and result determination, while also needing to understand the specific aging conditions of different product categories under test. For example, for inverter products, the control device needs to maintain operating condition logic such as maximum power point tracking, active and reactive power four-quadrant regulation, grid-connected / off-grid switching, and islanding switching; for DC-DC converter products, the control device needs to maintain operating condition logic such as charge / discharge switching, constant voltage mode, constant current mode, constant power mode, and battery pack cycling. As the types of products under test increase, the code in the control device continuously expands, and adding new categories often requires redevelopment and verification of the control device's program.

[0022] On the other hand, the firmware of some tested products, battery management units, or tooling boards already possesses state machine control and operating condition switching capabilities. However, existing aging test systems still rely on control equipment to issue specific operating condition actions one by one. This fails to utilize the existing control capabilities on the tested product or tooling side and requires the control equipment to maintain a large amount of product-related business logic. Furthermore, environmental management functions such as temperature and humidity control, ventilation, cabinets, workstations, indicator lights, and buzzers in the aging chamber are usually mixed with the product aging process in the same business chain. When a tested product fails to age or an environmental condition becomes abnormal, the system struggles to achieve independent judgment and coordinated linkage at the product, task, and environmental levels.

[0023] In practical applications, the above problems are often solved in the following ways: One approach is to use a programmable logic controller (PLC) to embed all aging logic. This approach reduces the control device to a parameter panel, resulting in poor flexibility. Furthermore, the PLC programs for different product categories under test need to be maintained separately, leading to high costs for category expansion. Another approach is to use a unified control device with a configuration table. While this reduces some hard-coded parameters, the operating condition switching still requires the control device to issue commands line by line. The control device still needs to understand the test semantics of different product categories, increasing system complexity with the number of product categories. A third approach is to configure an independent control device for each product category under test. While this approach can meet the testing needs of a single product category in the short term, it cannot share workstation resources, environmental resources, alarm mechanisms, and data analysis capabilities, resulting in a waste of hardware resources and development manpower.

[0024] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this disclosure provides an example of an aging test method. This is an example, not a limitation; the method can be applied to or run on an aging test system. Please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an aging test system provided in this disclosure is shown. The aging test system 100 includes a controller 101 and a tooling device 102, which is connected to the product under test. In this embodiment, the aging test method is executed by the controller. The controller, as a product-independent process orchestration device, is used to execute the general process of aging test, including task scheduling, instruction issuance, status acquisition, and result determination. The tooling device, as a category-related business execution device, is used to provide physical and communication interfaces for the product under test and execute specific aging business corresponding to the category of the product under test. The product under test can be new energy power electronic equipment, such as photovoltaic inverters, energy storage DC-DC converters, energy storage converters, integrated photovoltaic and energy storage devices, charging pile power modules, uninterruptible power supplies, etc.

[0025] Please refer to Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 A schematic flowchart of an aging test method provided in this disclosure is shown, the method comprising: S201. In response to the test start condition, an aging start command is issued to the tooling equipment.

[0026] Among them, the aging start command is used to trigger the tooling equipment to autonomously control the product under test to execute the aging test sequence, and to autonomously complete the switching action between multiple working conditions in the aging test sequence.

[0027] In some embodiments, the test start condition can be a trigger condition that meets the start of the aging test, such as the operator creating an aging task and confirming the start, the product under test being automatically triggered after scanning the code and binding the workstation, or reaching a preset start time, etc.

[0028] In some embodiments, the aging start command can be a control command issued by the controller to the tooling equipment to start the aging test. The aging start command can be used to trigger the tooling equipment to autonomously control the product under test to execute the aging test sequence and autonomously complete the switching action between multiple working conditions in the aging test sequence.

[0029] In some embodiments, the aging test sequence can be an ordered set of a series of test conditions that the product under test needs to undergo during the aging test, and multiple test conditions can be executed in a preset order. The test condition can be the specific operating state of the product under test during the aging test. For example, for photovoltaic inverters, it can include maximum power point tracking start-up, grid connection, active power regulation, reactive power regulation, off-grid operation, voltage ride-through, etc., and for energy storage DC-DC converters, it can include charge / discharge switching, constant voltage mode, constant current mode, constant power mode, battery pack cycling, etc.

[0030] In some embodiments, the controller does not issue single-step operating condition control commands to the tooling equipment; the switching between multiple operating conditions is completed autonomously by the tooling equipment. After receiving the aging start command, the tooling equipment can determine the operating condition switching order in the aging test sequence according to the category of the product under test, and autonomously control the product under test to switch between various operating conditions according to the operating condition switching order.

[0031] S202. Obtain the test status information fed back by the tooling equipment during the aging test.

[0032] In some embodiments, the test status information can be status data fed back from the tooling equipment to the controller, characterizing the aging process of the product under test. The controller can acquire the test status information periodically or based on event triggers. The test status information can be used to reflect the current aging stage of the product under test, providing a basis for the controller to determine whether the aging test is proceeding normally and to ultimately determine the aging test result.

[0033] S203. In response to the test termination condition, an aging stop command is issued to the tooling equipment. The aging stop command is used to trigger the tooling equipment to control the product under test to stop the aging test.

[0034] In some embodiments, the test termination condition may be at least one of the following: the trigger condition for the end of the aging test is met, such as reaching a preset aging time, the test status information indicating that the product under test has failed, the test status information indicating that the aging test has been completed, or receiving an external termination command, etc.

[0035] In some embodiments, the aging stop command can be a control command issued by the controller to the tooling equipment to stop the aging test. The aging stop command can be used to trigger the tooling equipment to control the product under test to stop the aging test. After receiving the aging stop command, the tooling equipment can execute a safety shutdown procedure to safely exit the aging operation state of the product under test.

[0036] S204. Determine the aging test results of the product under test based on the test status information.

[0037] In some embodiments, the aging test result can be a judgment on whether the aging test of the product under test is qualified, such as test qualified, test unqualified, or test abnormal. The controller can determine whether the product under test has completed the aging test sequence and whether an abnormal state has occurred based on the changes in the test status information during the aging test, and thus determine the aging test result.

[0038] For example, when testing a photovoltaic inverter and an energy storage DC-DC converter simultaneously in the same aging chamber, after the operator scans the product barcode and workstation barcode, the controller can create two aging tasks and associate them with their corresponding configurations. The controller can then power on the corresponding power channels and subsequently issue aging start commands to the tooling equipment corresponding to the photovoltaic inverter and the energy storage DC-DC converter, respectively. The tooling equipment corresponding to the photovoltaic inverter can autonomously control the photovoltaic inverter to perform a sequence of operating conditions, including maximum power point tracking start-up, grid connection, active power regulation, reactive power regulation, off-grid operation, and voltage ride-through. The tooling equipment corresponding to the energy storage DC-DC converter can autonomously control the energy storage DC-DC converter to perform a sequence of operating conditions, including charge / discharge switching, constant voltage mode, constant current mode, constant power mode, and battery pack cycling.

[0039] During the above process, the controller can refrain from issuing any single-step control commands to the two tooling devices, and only acquire the test status information fed back by the two tooling devices. Once the preset aging time is reached, the controller can issue aging stop commands to each of the two tooling devices, and each tooling device can then execute its own safety shutdown procedure. The controller can subsequently disconnect the corresponding power supply channel and determine the aging test results of the two tested products based on the test status information.

[0040] The aging test method provided in this embodiment separates the process control of aging tests from the product category business logic through a two-level division of labor between the controller and the tooling equipment. The controller is only responsible for general process operations unrelated to the product, such as issuing aging start and stop commands, obtaining test status information, and determining aging test results. It does not involve the specific operating condition semantics of the product under test. The execution of aging test sequences related to the product category under test and the switching between multiple operating conditions are all completed autonomously by the tooling equipment. The controller and the tooling equipment only interact through aging start commands, aging stop commands, and test status information. The controller does not need to issue single-step operating condition control commands to the tooling equipment, nor does it need to understand the specific operating conditions executed internally by different product categories under test.

[0041] Through the aforementioned architecture that separates process from business logic, the general process code on the controller side remains unchanged as the types of products under test increase. Category-related business logic is encapsulated on the tooling side, thus avoiding the problem of control equipment code continuously expanding with the addition of new product categories. When adding a new product category under test, only the corresponding tooling needs to be selected or developed; the process code on the controller side does not need to be redeveloped and verified, reducing the difficulty and cost of expanding to new categories. Simultaneously, because the controller executes unified process scheduling, products under test of different categories can access the same aging test system through corresponding tooling, sharing workstation resources, environmental resources, and data analysis capabilities. This solves the problem of resource sharing difficulties caused by configuring independent control equipment for each product type in existing technologies.

[0042] In some embodiments, the product under test includes at least one of inverter, DC-DC converter, and hybrid types, with the hybrid type being a combination of inverter and DC-DC converter. When the product under test is an inverter, the aging test sequence includes at least one of maximum power point tracking start-up, grid connection, active power regulation, reactive power regulation, off-grid operation, and voltage ride-through. When the product under test is a DC-DC converter, the aging test sequence includes at least one of charge / discharge switching, constant voltage mode, constant current mode, constant power mode, and battery pack cycling.

[0043] In some embodiments, issuing an aging stop command to the tooling equipment means executing the corresponding safety shutdown procedure according to the category of the product under test; when the product under test is an inverter, the safety shutdown procedure includes disconnecting from the grid and reducing the load; when the product under test is a DC-DC converter, the safety shutdown procedure includes disconnecting the load and discharging.

[0044] In some embodiments, the communication protocol between the controller and the tooling equipment can be at least one of the following: Controller Area Network (CAN) protocol, Modbus protocol, Ethernet protocol, and serial communication protocol, or other industrial communication protocols. Regardless of the communication protocol used, as long as the controller and the tooling equipment can transmit aging start commands, aging stop commands, and test status information through the communication protocol, the technical solution of this disclosure can be achieved. The specific carrier of the communication protocol does not affect the inventive concept of separating process control from product category business; the process code on the controller side and the business execution logic on the tooling equipment side do not need to be modified with changes in the communication protocol.

[0045] As one implementation method, this method also includes: Obtain the test configuration information corresponding to the product under test; Based on the test configuration information, perform at least one of the following: power on the product under test, determine the test start conditions, determine the test termination conditions, and determine the acquisition cycle of test status information.

[0046] In this embodiment, the test configuration information can be used to characterize the configuration parameters required for the aging test of the product under test. The test configuration information can provide parameter basis for the controller to execute the general process of aging test, so that the controller can adapt to different types of products under test by configuring parameters without understanding the specific working conditions of the product under test.

[0047] For example, test configuration information may include parameters such as test type, aging duration, power conditions, signal point set, status address, alarm threshold, acquisition cycle, and environmental condition threshold. Different types of products under test can correspond to different test configuration information. Test configuration information can be stored in various forms such as database tables, structured data files, and Extensible Markup Language (XML) files. The controller can read the test configuration information corresponding to the product under test when creating an aging task.

[0048] In some embodiments, controlling the power-on of the product under test (DUT) can be achieved by the controller controlling the corresponding power channel to supply power to the DUT based on the power condition parameters in the test configuration information, enabling the DUT to enter an operational state. The power condition parameters can be used to characterize the topology of the power channel and the voltage, current, and operating mode of each power channel. Determining the test start conditions can be achieved by the controller determining, based on parameters such as the test type in the test configuration information, what conditions must be met to initiate the aging test, such as product barcode scanning and binding completion, stable power-on of the power channel, or reaching a preset start time.

[0049] In some embodiments, determining the test termination condition can be achieved by the controller determining, based on parameters such as the aging time in the test configuration information, what conditions must be met to terminate the aging test, such as reaching the configured aging time or the occurrence of an abnormal situation defined in the configuration. Determining the test status information acquisition cycle can be achieved by the controller determining, based on the acquisition cycle parameters in the test configuration information, how often to acquire the test status information fed back by the tooling equipment.

[0050] For example, when the product under test is a photovoltaic inverter, the test configuration information can configure the voltage, current, and operating mode of the photovoltaic channel, as well as the corresponding aging time and acquisition cycle. The controller can control the photovoltaic channel to power on according to this test configuration information and use the reaching of the aging time as the test termination condition, acquiring test status information according to the configured acquisition cycle. When the product under test is an energy storage DC-DC converter, the test configuration information can configure the voltage, current, and operating mode of the battery channel, as well as the corresponding aging time and acquisition cycle. The controller can control the battery channel to power on according to this test configuration information and execute the aging test process according to the same logic. For composite products under test such as energy storage converters, photovoltaic-energy storage integrated machines, and charging pile power modules, the test configuration information can configure the parameters of multiple power channels simultaneously, and the controller can control multiple channels to power on simultaneously according to the configuration.

[0051] For example, by acquiring the test configuration information corresponding to the product under test, the differences between different product categories can be mapped to system operating behaviors: In terms of power control, the controller operates the corresponding power channel according to the power condition parameters in the test configuration information. For example, inverter products operate the DC source channel, DC-DC converter products operate the battery channel, and composite products operate multiple channels simultaneously. In terms of monitoring and acquisition, the controller periodically acquires the corresponding operating parameter information based on the signal point set and acquisition period in the test configuration information. In terms of result determination, the controller reads the test status information based on the status address in the test configuration information, performs alarm judgment based on the alarm threshold, and determines the aging test result by comprehensively considering the test status information, alarm records, and operating parameter information. Furthermore, when adding a new product category under test, the controller's general process code does not need to be modified. Only the corresponding test configuration information needs to be added and the corresponding tooling equipment needs to be selected to quickly complete the access of the new category, significantly reducing system coupling and category expansion costs.

[0052] In this embodiment, by acquiring the test configuration information corresponding to the product under test, and executing power-on control, start condition determination, termination condition determination, and acquisition cycle determination based on the test configuration information, the differences between different categories of products under test can be encapsulated in the test configuration information. This ensures that the controller's general process code does not need to be modified as the category of the product under test changes, thereby reducing system coupling and improving the access efficiency of new categories of products under test.

[0053] As one implementation method, the test status information values ​​belong to a preset unified status value range. This unified status value range includes standby, running, fault, and completion states. Each state in the unified status value range corresponds to a preset value interval. Different categories of tested products share this unified status value range. The test status information fed back by the tooling equipment during the aging test includes: Based on the status address, read the status value fed back by the tooling equipment; The test status information is determined based on the numerical range in which the status value falls. The status address is configured based on the test configuration information corresponding to the product under test.

[0054] In some embodiments, the unified state value domain can be a predefined range of state values ​​used to standardize the state codes fed back to the controller by different types of products under test. By sharing the unified state value domain, different types of products under test can determine the aging process without distinguishing the internal operating conditions of the product under test.

[0055] In some embodiments, the unified state value range may include standby state, running state, fault state, and completion state. Standby state can be used to characterize the product under test (DUT) being powered on but not yet starting aging test, or waiting to be powered off after aging test. Running state can be used to characterize the DUT performing a certain condition in the aging test sequence. Fault state can be used to characterize the DUT experiencing an abnormal state during aging test. Completion state can be used to characterize the DUT having completed all conditions in the aging test sequence.

[0056] Each state in the unified state value domain corresponds to a preset numerical range, which can be a continuous range of integers. The numerical ranges for different states do not overlap. Encoding the state through numerical ranges allows the test state information fed back from the tooling equipment to the controller to be transmitted in numerical form. The controller determines the corresponding state by judging the range the value falls into. Different types of tested products can share the unified state value domain; that is, regardless of whether the tested product belongs to the inverter, DC-DC converter, or hybrid type, the state encoding fed back to the controller follows the same numerical range definition.

[0057] In this embodiment, the status address can be the address of the storage unit in the tooling equipment that stores status values. The status address can be configured based on the test configuration information corresponding to the product under test. Different types of products under test can correspond to different status addresses. The controller can initiate a read operation to the tooling equipment according to the status address to obtain the status value fed back by the tooling equipment. The status value can be an integer value. After obtaining the status value, the controller can compare the status value with the value intervals corresponding to each status in a unified status value domain, and determine the status corresponding to the test status information based on the value interval into which the status value falls.

[0058] For example, the unified state value range can be defined as follows: 1000 to 1999 corresponds to standby state, 2000 to 2999 corresponds to operating state, 3000 to 3999 corresponds to fault state, and 4000 to 4999 corresponds to completion state. The specific value range can be adjusted according to the actual system definition. When the product under test is a photovoltaic inverter and is performing maximum power point tracking, the tooling equipment can write 2001 to the state address. After the controller reads the state value 2001, it determines that it falls within the range of 2000 to 2999 and confirms that the test state information is operating state. When the product under test is an energy storage DC-DC converter and is performing constant current discharge, the tooling equipment can write 2015 to the state address. After the controller reads the state value 2015, it similarly determines that it falls within the range of 2000 to 2999 and confirms that the test state information is operating state.

[0059] Although the internal operating conditions of photovoltaic inverters and energy storage DC-DC converters are completely different, the status values ​​they report both fall within the numerical range corresponding to the operating state. The controller can uniformly determine the operating state without distinguishing between specific operating conditions. The status address can be configured by the test configuration information. For example, the test configuration information for a photovoltaic inverter can configure the status address as register address 0x1001, and the test configuration information for an energy storage DC-DC converter can configure the status address as register address 0x2001. The controller obtains the corresponding status address based on the test configuration information for different products under test, and then reads the status value according to the status address.

[0060] In some embodiments, different types of products under test share a unified state value range. This allows the controller to determine the aging process based on test state information without distinguishing the internal operating conditions of the product under test. The controller only needs to determine whether the product under test is in standby, running, faulty, or completed stage based on the numerical range in which the test state information falls. It does not need to know whether the specific operating conditions being performed in the running state are maximum power point tracking, grid connection, charge / discharge switching, or constant voltage mode, thus ensuring that the controller's state determination logic does not change with the type of product under test.

[0061] By pre-setting a unified state value range including standby state, running state, fault state, and completion state, and enabling different categories of tested products to share this unified state value range, the tooling equipment can autonomously execute category-related working conditions while exposing a unified state interface to the controller. This allows the controller to manage different categories of tested products using the same set of state judgment logic, further realizing the separation of process control and category business.

[0062] As one implementation method, the aging test results of the product under test are determined based on the test status information, including: Obtain the operating parameter information fed back by the tooling equipment during the aging test; Based on the test status information and operating parameter information, determine the aging test results of the product under test.

[0063] Among them, the operating parameter information is used to characterize the real-time operating parameters of the product under test during the aging process. The real-time operating parameters can be the physical and electrical parameters generated by the product under test during operation that can reflect its working status.

[0064] In this embodiment, the operating parameter information and test status information can reflect the aging of the product under test from different dimensions. The test status information can reflect the task execution stage of the product under test in a coarse-grained manner, while the operating parameter information can reflect the operating data of the product under test under specific working conditions in a fine-grained manner. The combination of the two can provide a more comprehensive basis for judging the aging test results.

[0065] The set of signal points for operational parameter information can be configured using test configuration information corresponding to the product under test (DUT). This set can be a collection of the types and quantities of operational parameters to be collected. Different types of DUTs can correspond to different signal point sets; that is, the types of operational parameters to be collected are configured according to the characteristics of the DUT category. The controller can obtain the corresponding operational parameter information from the tooling equipment based on the signal point set configured in the test configuration information, without needing to collect parameters unrelated to the DUT category.

[0066] Determining the aging test results of the product under test (DUT) based on test status information and operating parameter information allows the controller to comprehensively consider the DUT's task execution status and real-time operating parameters to determine whether the aging test is qualified. Test status information can be used to determine whether the DUT has completed the aging test sequence and whether a fault condition has occurred, while operating parameter information can be used to determine whether the DUT's parameter performance during operation is normal. Combining the two can improve the accuracy of the judgment results.

[0067] For example, when the product under test is a photovoltaic inverter, the set of signal points configured in the test configuration information may include parameters such as maximum power point tracking voltage, maximum power point tracking current, active power, reactive power, grid connection status, and frequency. The controller can obtain the above-mentioned operating parameter information of the photovoltaic inverter during the aging process based on this set of signal points. When the product under test is an energy storage DC-DC converter, the set of signal points configured in the test configuration information may include parameters such as charging and discharging voltage, charging and discharging current, operating mode, and battery pack temperature. The controller can obtain the above-mentioned operating parameter information of the energy storage DC-DC converter during the aging process based on this set of signal points. For composite products such as energy storage converters and integrated photovoltaic-energy storage systems, the set of signal points may include relevant parameters for both inverters and DC-DC converters. After obtaining the operating parameter information, the controller can combine it with the test status information to make a comprehensive judgment on the aging test results of the product under test.

[0068] By acquiring the operating parameter information configured by the test configuration information and combining it with the test status information to jointly determine the aging test results, category-related operating parameter data can be further introduced on the basis of a unified status interface. This makes the determination of aging test results not only universal across categories, but also able to reflect the specific operating performance of the tested products in different categories, thereby improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the determination of aging test results.

[0069] As one implementation method, please refer to Figure 3 As shown, based on the test status information and operating parameter information, the aging test results of the tested product are determined, including: S301. Compare the values ​​of each signal point in the operating parameter information with the corresponding alarm thresholds. When the value of any signal point exceeds the corresponding alarm threshold, generate the first alarm record.

[0070] The first alarm record is used to characterize an out-of-limit abnormal event in the operating parameter information where the value of a signal point exceeds the corresponding alarm threshold.

[0071] S302. When the test status information is in the running state and the value of the signal point representing power transmission in the running parameter information is continuously lower than the preset power threshold within a preset time period, a second alarm record is generated.

[0072] The second alarm record is used to characterize inconsistent events where the test status information is in the running state but the power transmission of the tested product is continuously abnormal.

[0073] S303. Based on the test status information, operating parameter information, first alarm record and second alarm record, determine the aging test result of the product under test.

[0074] In this embodiment, anomaly detection can include two categories: limit violation detection corresponding to S301 and state-parameter inconsistency anomaly detection corresponding to S302. Firstly, the limit-crossing anomaly detection involves comparing the values ​​of each signal point in the operating parameter information with the corresponding alarm thresholds. When the value of any signal point exceeds the corresponding alarm threshold, a first alarm record is generated. The alarm threshold can be the boundary value of the normal range of each signal point. Different signal points can correspond to different alarm thresholds, and the alarm thresholds can be configured by the test configuration information.

[0075] The first alarm record can be used to characterize an out-of-limit anomaly event where the value of a signal point in the operating parameter information exceeds the corresponding alarm threshold. An out-of-limit anomaly event can be an abnormal situation where the value of a single operating parameter exceeds the normal range. Out-of-limit anomaly detection can be performed independently for each signal point in the operating parameter information. As long as the value of even one signal point exceeds the corresponding alarm threshold, a corresponding first alarm record can be generated.

[0076] Secondly, the state-parameter inconsistency anomaly detection may generate a second alarm record when the test state information is the running state, and the value of the signal point characterizing power transmission in the operating parameter information continues to be lower than the preset power threshold within a preset duration. The signal point characterizing power transmission may be a parameter in the operating parameter information that can reflect the power transmission situation of the tested product, such as active power, output current, DC side power, etc. The preset power threshold may be a lower limit value for judging whether the power transmission is normal. When the value of the power transmission signal point is lower than this value, the power transmission can be considered abnormal. The preset duration may be a time threshold for judging whether the power transmission anomaly persists. Short-term power fluctuations do not trigger an alarm, and an anomaly is determined only when the duration exceeds the preset duration.

[0077] The second alarm record may be used to characterize an inconsistency event in which the test state information is the running state but the power transmission of the tested product is continuously abnormal. The inconsistency event may be a situation where the test state information indicates that the tested product is in the running state, but the operating parameter information shows that the tested product does not actually perform normal power transmission, that is, the state is inconsistent with the actual working condition. The state-parameter inconsistency anomaly detection needs to simultaneously satisfy two conditions: the test state information is the running state and the power transmission is continuously abnormal, and neither of the two conditions can be omitted.

[0078] Determining the aging test result of the tested product according to the test state information, the operating parameter information, the first alarm record and the second alarm record may mean that the controller comprehensively considers the task execution state, real-time working condition parameters of the tested product and the alarm records generated by anomaly detection, to judge whether the aging test is qualified. The aging test result may be used to characterize whether the aging test of the tested product is qualified.

[0079] For example, when the tested product is a photovoltaic inverter, the alarm threshold corresponding to the bus voltage signal point in the operating parameter information may be 420 volts. When the bus voltage reaches 450 volts and exceeds 420 volts, a first alarm record may be generated. When the test state information of the photovoltaic inverter is the running state, but the value of the active power signal point continues to be lower than 50 watts within 30 seconds, a second alarm record may be generated, indicating that although the photovoltaic inverter displays a running state, it does not actually perform normal power transmission.

[0080] For example, when the tested product is an energy storage DC converter, the alarm threshold corresponding to the battery pack temperature signal point in the operating parameter information may be 65 degrees Celsius. When the temperature of the battery pack reaches 70 degrees Celsius, a first alarm record may be generated. When the test state information of the energy storage DC converter is the running state, but the value of the charge-discharge current signal point continues to be close to zero within 30 seconds, a second alarm record may be generated, indicating that although the energy storage DC converter displays a running state, it does not actually perform normal charge-discharge power transmission.

[0081] By generating a first alarm record through limit-breaking anomaly detection of operating parameter information, and generating a second alarm record through joint detection of test status information and operating parameter information, and combining the test status information, operating parameter information, and the two types of alarm records to jointly determine the aging test results, it is possible to promptly detect single parameter limit-breaking anomalies and anomalies where the status is inconsistent with the actual operating conditions during the aging test process. This provides a more comprehensive basis for judging abnormal events, improving the reliability of the aging test and the accuracy of the result judgment.

[0082] As one implementation method, please refer to Figure 4 As shown, based on the test status information, operating parameter information, first alarm record, and second alarm record, the aging test results of the product under test are determined, including: S401. Based on the test records in the test status information, determine whether the product under test has completed the aging test sequence, wherein the test records are used to characterize the change process of the test status information over time.

[0083] In S401, test records can be used to characterize the changes in test status information over time. Test records are a collection of test status information acquired and stored chronologically by the controller during the aging test. By analyzing the changes in test status information within the test records, it can be determined whether the product under test has undergone the complete aging test process and whether it has ultimately reached the completion state.

[0084] For example, if the final state of the test record is "complete", the product under test can be considered to have completed the aging test sequence; if the test record does not show a "complete" state, or the final state is a "fault" state, the product under test can be considered to have not completed the aging test sequence.

[0085] S402. Based on the first alarm record and the second alarm record, determine whether the tested product has any abnormalities during the aging process and the severity of the abnormalities.

[0086] In S402, the first alarm record and the second alarm record can record abnormal events that occur during the aging process. By statistically analyzing the number, type and duration of alarm records, it is possible to determine whether the product under test has an abnormality and the severity of the abnormality.

[0087] Understandably, the severity of an anomaly can be used to characterize its impact on aging tests. For example, different severity levels can be assigned based on factors such as the type of alarm record, its duration, and the frequency of occurrence. The more alarm records there are and the longer their duration, the higher the severity of the anomaly can be.

[0088] S403. Based on the statistical characteristics of the operating parameter information, determine whether the operating parameters of the tested product are within the normal range. The statistical characteristics represent the distribution characteristics and trends obtained by statistically analyzing the values ​​of each signal point in the operating parameter information.

[0089] In S403, statistical features can characterize the distribution characteristics and trends of the values ​​of each signal point in the operating parameter information obtained by statistical analysis. Statistical features can include average value, maximum value, minimum value, volatility, percentage of normal range, cumulative duration of exceeding limits, etc.

[0090] By analyzing the statistical characteristics of operating parameter information, it is possible to determine whether the overall performance of the operating parameters of the tested product is normal throughout the aging process, rather than focusing solely on a single out-of-limit event. Even if the operating parameter information does not trigger alarm records, statistical characteristics may indicate that the overall operating parameters deviate from the normal range.

[0091] S404. Determine the aging test results of the product under test based on the judgment results of whether the aging test sequence has been completed, whether any abnormalities have occurred and the severity of the abnormalities, and whether the operating parameters are within the normal range.

[0092] In S404, the controller can comprehensively assess the aging test results from three dimensions to determine whether the product under test has passed. These three dimensions—whether the aging test sequence was completed, whether any abnormalities occurred and their severity, and whether the operating parameters are within the normal range—reflect the aging test status of the product under test from different perspectives. Completion of the aging test sequence reflects process integrity; the occurrence of abnormalities and their severity reflect process safety; and the normal range of operating parameters reflects parameter stability. Combining these three dimensions makes the assessment of the aging test results more comprehensive and accurate.

[0093] For example, when the product under test is a photovoltaic inverter, the test record can show that the photovoltaic inverter enters the operating state from the standby state and reaches the completion state after 2 hours, which can be used to determine that the photovoltaic inverter has completed the aging test sequence. The first alarm record and the second alarm record can show that there was one bus voltage over-limit alarm during the aging process, lasting for 5 seconds, and there was no second alarm record, which can be used to determine that a minor anomaly occurred. The statistical characteristics of the operating parameter information can show that the average active power is 95% of the rated power, the fluctuation rate is within the normal range, and the percentage of the normal range is 99%, which can be used to determine that the operating parameters are within the normal range. The controller can combine the judgment results of the above three dimensions to determine the aging test result of the photovoltaic inverter.

[0094] For example, when the product under test is an energy storage DC-DC converter, the test log can show that the energy storage DC-DC converter failed to recover after entering a fault state from the operating state, thus indicating that the aging test sequence was not completed. The alarm log can show multiple over-limit charge / discharge current alarms and one state / parameter inconsistency alarm, thus indicating a serious anomaly. The statistical characteristics of the operating parameter information can show that the average battery pack temperature is close to the alarm threshold, thus indicating that the operating parameters are not entirely within the normal range. The controller can combine the above judgments to determine the aging test result of the energy storage DC-DC converter.

[0095] By judging the aging test results from three dimensions—whether the aging test sequence was completed, whether any abnormalities occurred and the severity of the abnormalities, and whether the operating parameters were within the normal range—the integrity of the process, the safety of the process, and the stability of the parameters can be comprehensively considered, making the judgment of the aging test results more comprehensive, objective, and accurate, and avoiding misjudgments caused by judging from a single dimension.

[0096] This disclosure also provides an aging test system, which is still as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the aging test system 100 may include a controller 101 and a tooling device 102. The aging test system can adopt a two-tier architecture that separates process and business logic. The controller can act as a product-independent process orchestration device, used to execute the general process of aging testing, without involving specific operating conditions related to the product category under test. The tooling device can act as a category-related business execution device, used to provide an access interface for the product under test and execute specific aging business corresponding to the product category under test. The controller and the tooling device can interact through standardized commands and status information, forming a minimally simplistic interaction boundary.

[0097] The controller can issue aging start commands to the tooling equipment in response to test start conditions. Test start conditions can be triggers that allow the aging test to begin, such as an operator creating and confirming an aging task, or automatic triggering after the product under test (DUT) is scanned and bound to the workstation. The aging start command is a control instruction issued by the controller to the tooling equipment to initiate the aging test. The controller can also acquire test status information fed back by the tooling equipment during the aging test. This test status information consists of status data characterizing the aging process of the DUT. The controller can also issue aging stop commands to the tooling equipment in response to test termination conditions. Test termination conditions can be triggers that allow the aging test to end, such as reaching a preset aging duration, test status information indicating a fault or completion, or receiving an external termination command. Finally, the controller can determine the aging test results based on the test status information. The aging test results serve as a conclusion on whether the DUT has passed the aging test.

[0098] The tooling equipment can be used to connect to the product under test (DUT), providing physical and communication access. Upon receiving an aging start command, the tooling equipment can also autonomously control the DUT to execute an aging test sequence and autonomously switch between multiple operating conditions within that sequence. The aging test sequence can be an ordered set of test conditions that the DUT needs to undergo during the aging test, with multiple conditions executed in a preset order. Autonomous control and switching allow the tooling equipment to determine the switching order based on the DUT's product category and independently control the DUT to switch between different operating conditions according to that order; the controller can avoid issuing single-step operating condition control commands to the tooling equipment. The tooling equipment can also be used to stop the aging test upon receiving an aging stop command, allowing the DUT to safely exit the aging operation state.

[0099] The interaction between the controller and the tooling equipment can be limited to three types of operations: issuing aging start commands, issuing aging stop commands, and providing test status information feedback. After issuing the aging start command and before issuing the aging stop command, the controller does not need to issue any single-step operating condition control commands to the tooling equipment; the operating condition switching is entirely completed autonomously by the tooling equipment. During the execution of the aging test sequence, the tooling equipment can provide test status information back to the controller, enabling the controller to monitor the aging process of the product under test.

[0100] For example, when simultaneously testing a photovoltaic inverter and an energy storage DC-DC converter in the same aging test system, the aging test system may include a controller and two tooling devices. The first tooling device is connected to the photovoltaic inverter, and the second tooling device is connected to the energy storage DC-DC converter. The controller can issue aging start commands to the two tooling devices respectively. The first tooling device can autonomously control the photovoltaic inverter to execute a sequence of operating conditions such as maximum power point tracking start-up, grid connection, active power regulation, reactive power regulation, off-grid operation, and voltage ride-through, and autonomously complete the switching between each operating condition. The second tooling device can autonomously control the energy storage DC-DC converter to execute a sequence of operating conditions such as charge / discharge switching, constant voltage mode, constant current mode, constant power mode, and battery pack cycling, and autonomously complete the switching between each operating condition.

[0101] During the above process, the controller can avoid issuing any single-step operating condition control commands to the two tooling devices, and only acquire the test status information fed back by the two tooling devices. When the test termination condition is met, the controller can issue an aging stop command to each of the two tooling devices, and each tooling device can control its corresponding product under test to stop the aging test. The controller can determine the aging test results of the photovoltaic inverter and the energy storage DC converter separately based on the test status information.

[0102] The aging test system adopts a two-level architecture of controller and tooling equipment. The controller executes product-independent general processes, while the tooling equipment executes category-related specific aging operations. Through extremely simple instruction and status information interaction, process control and category operations can be separated, so that the controller does not need to be aware of the specific operating conditions of the product under test, reducing the code complexity of the controller and improving the access efficiency of new product categories.

[0103] As one implementation method, please refer to Figure 5 As shown, the aging test system 100 also includes a configuration module 103.

[0104] The configuration module 103 is used to store test configuration information corresponding to the product under test. The test configuration information includes at least one of the following: test type, aging duration, power condition, signal point set, status address, alarm threshold, acquisition cycle, and environmental condition threshold. The controller 101, connected to the configuration module 103, is also used to perform at least one of the following based on the test configuration information: controlling the power-on of the product under test, determining the test start conditions, determining the test termination conditions, and determining the acquisition cycle of test status information.

[0105] In this embodiment, the configuration module can be used to store test configuration information corresponding to the product under test (DUT). This test configuration information can characterize the configuration parameters required for the aging test of the DUT. The configuration module can provide parameter basis for the controller to execute the general aging test process, enabling the controller to adapt to different types of DUTs by reading the test configuration information in the configuration module, even without understanding the specific operating conditions of the DUT.

[0106] As one embodiment, the configuration module can be set independently of the controller or integrated into the controller. Test configuration information may include at least one of the following: test type, aging duration, power supply condition, signal point set, status address, alarm threshold, acquisition cycle, and environmental condition threshold. The test type can characterize the category of the product under test, such as inverter, DC-DC converter, or composite. The aging duration characterizes the duration of the aging test. The power supply condition characterizes the topology of the power supply channels supplying the product under test, as well as the voltage, current, and operating mode of each power channel. The signal point set characterizes the types and quantities of operating parameters to be acquired. The status address characterizes the address of the storage unit in the tooling equipment that stores test status information. The alarm threshold characterizes the boundary values ​​of the normal range of each operating parameter signal point. The acquisition cycle characterizes the time interval between the controller acquiring test status information and operating parameter information. The environmental condition threshold characterizes the normal range boundary values ​​of the aging test environment. Different categories of tested products can correspond to different test configuration information. The configuration module can store multiple sets of test configuration information, each corresponding to a different category of tested product.

[0107] The controller can connect to a configuration module and perform at least one of the following operations based on the test configuration information: powering on the product under test (DUT), determining test start conditions, determining test termination conditions, and determining the acquisition cycle of test status information. Powering on the DUT can be achieved by the controller controlling the corresponding power channel to supply power to the DUT based on the power condition parameters in the test configuration information. Determining test start conditions can be achieved by the controller determining, based on parameters such as the test type in the test configuration information, what conditions must be met to start the aging test. Determining test termination conditions can be achieved by the controller determining, based on parameters such as the aging duration in the test configuration information, what conditions must be met to terminate the aging test. Determining the acquisition cycle of test status information can be achieved by the controller determining the time interval for acquiring test status information based on the acquisition cycle parameters in the test configuration information.

[0108] For example, when the product under test is a photovoltaic inverter, the configuration module can store test configuration information corresponding to the photovoltaic inverter. The test type can be inverter-type, the aging time can be 2 hours, the power condition can be configured as follows: photovoltaic channel voltage 600V, current 20A, operating mode maximum power point tracking mode, and acquisition period 10 seconds. The controller can read this test configuration information, control the photovoltaic channel to power on at 600V 20A, use 2 hours as the test termination condition, and acquire test status information at a period of 10 seconds. When the product under test is an energy storage DC-DC converter, the configuration module can store test configuration information corresponding to the energy storage DC-DC converter. The test type can be DC-DC converter-type, the aging time can be 3 hours, the power condition can be configured as follows: battery channel voltage 400V, current 30A, operating mode constant current mode, and acquisition period 5 seconds. The controller can read this test configuration information, control the battery channel to power on at 400V 30A, use 3 hours as the test termination condition, and acquire test status information at a period of 5 seconds. For composite products such as energy storage converters and integrated photovoltaic-energy storage devices, the configuration module can store test configuration information for configuring multiple power channels simultaneously.

[0109] By setting up a configuration module in the aging test system to store the test configuration information corresponding to the product under test, and having the controller execute power-on control, start condition determination, termination condition determination, and acquisition cycle determination based on the test configuration information, the differences between different categories of products under test can be encapsulated in the configuration module. This ensures that the controller's general process code does not need to be modified as the category of the product under test changes, reducing system coupling and improving the access efficiency of new categories of products under test.

[0110] As an implementation method, it is still as Figure 5 As shown, the aging test system may also include an environmental management module 104.

[0111] The environment management module 104 can communicate with the controller 101 and operate in parallel with the controller 101 independently. The environment management module and the controller can exchange data through a communication link, enabling the environment management module to send environment-related notification information to the controller, and the controller to perform corresponding linkage operations based on the notification information.

[0112] The environment management module 104 and the controller 101 operate independently in their respective logics. For example, the environment management module is responsible for monitoring and managing the test environment, such as the aging chamber, cabinets, workstations, temperature and humidity, ventilation, indicator lights, and buzzers. The controller is responsible for orchestrating the aging test process and does not intervene in the specific logic of environment management. The two communicate with each other and link up according to preset cascading alarm rules. They are independent of each other and do not interfere with each other's core business. Even if the controller does not perform aging tasks, the environment management module can independently manage the test environment. The environment management module can be deployed independently within the controller, programmable logic controller, or edge controller, or it can run as an independent service.

[0113] In some embodiments, the environmental management module can be used to manage the test environment, which may include at least one of the following: an aging chamber, a cabinet, a workstation, temperature and humidity control, exhaust ventilation, indicator lights, and a buzzer. The aging chamber can be a space that houses the aging test equipment and the product under test. The cabinet can be a cabinet that houses the controller, tooling equipment, and power supply equipment. The workstation can be the specific location where the product under test is subjected to aging testing. The temperature and humidity control can be the environmental parameters of the aging chamber. The exhaust ventilation can be the ventilation and heat dissipation facilities within the aging chamber. The indicator lights can be signal lights used to indicate the system's operating status, such as tri-color lights. The buzzer can be a device used to issue an audible alarm. The environmental management module can monitor and control the aforementioned test environment objects to maintain the normal operation of the aging test environment.

[0114] In some embodiments, the environmental management module can also be used to send an environmental anomaly notification to the controller when an anomaly occurs in the test environment. An anomaly in the test environment can be caused by conditions such as temperature and humidity exceeding normal ranges, ventilation failures, or excessively high cabinet temperatures. The environmental anomaly notification can be a message sent by the environmental management module to the controller via a communication connection to inform them of the abnormal environmental situation. The notification can carry information about the affected product under test (DUT) and its location, enabling the controller to pinpoint the specific DUT and workstation affected by the environmental anomaly.

[0115] In some embodiments, the controller can also respond to an environmental anomaly notification by issuing an aging stop command to the tooling equipment corresponding to the affected product under test (DUT), and after the tooling equipment stops the aging test, the controller controls the affected DUT to power down. Upon receiving the environmental anomaly notification, the controller can determine the affected DUT based on the workstation information carried in the notification, then determine the corresponding tooling equipment, and issue an aging stop command to that tooling equipment. Upon receiving the aging stop command, the tooling equipment can control the affected DUT to stop the aging test and execute a safety shutdown procedure. After confirming that the tooling equipment has controlled the DUT to stop the aging test, the controller can control the corresponding power channel to power down, thus de-energizing the affected DUT.

[0116] The parallel and independent operation of the environmental management module and the controller enables independent handling of product-level and environmental anomalies. When a single product under test (DUT) fails to age or experiences a communication anomaly, the anomaly can be confined to the product or task level, without affecting the continued aging of DUTs at other workstations or the normal operation of the environmental management module. When an anomaly occurs in the test environment, the environmental management module can send a notification to the controller via the communication connection, and the controller will execute coordinated actions according to the strategy, such as triggering indicator light alarms, buzzer alarms, pausing the aging task, stopping power-on, or performing a safety shutdown.

[0117] For example, when the temperature inside the aging chamber exceeds the environmental condition threshold, the environmental management module can detect the temperature anomaly and send an environmental anomaly notification to the controller via communication. This notification can include information about all currently operating products under test (Test) and their respective workstations. Upon receiving the notification, the controller can issue an aging stop command to the tooling equipment corresponding to each affected Test product. Each tooling equipment can then control its corresponding Test product to stop the aging test and execute a safety shutdown. After confirming that all affected Test products have stopped, the controller can power down the corresponding power supply channel. The environmental management module can trigger a red tri-color indicator light and a buzzer to notify operators to handle the environmental anomaly. When a photovoltaic inverter at a single workstation malfunctions, the controller can limit the fault to the product level, stopping only the aging test of that photovoltaic inverter. This does not affect the continued aging of energy storage DC-DC converters at other workstations, nor does it affect the environmental management module's normal management of the aging chamber's temperature, humidity, and ventilation.

[0118] By setting up an environmental management module that communicates with the controller and runs independently in parallel within the aging test system, the environmental management module independently manages the test environment and sends environmental anomaly notification information carrying information about the affected products and workstations to the controller via the communication connection when an environmental anomaly occurs. The controller responds to the notification by executing stop and power-down operations, which enables the independent operation and coordinated linkage of the product aging process and environmental management. This ensures that anomalies in a single product do not affect other workstations and the environment, while environmental anomalies can trigger a coordinated shutdown according to the strategy, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the aging test system.

[0119] As one implementation method, tooling equipment can also be used to provide corresponding power and communication interfaces for the product under test (DUT). The power interface provides the tooling equipment with electrical input to the DUT, supplying power according to the power supply conditions. The communication interface facilitates data exchange between the tooling equipment and the DUT, allowing the tooling equipment to send control commands to the DUT and acquire its operational data. Different types of DUTs can correspond to different power and communication interfaces; that is, different types and specifications of power and communication interfaces are configured according to the characteristics of the DUT, enabling the tooling equipment to adapt to different types of DUTs.

[0120] For inverter-type products under test (DUTs), the fixture can provide a DC source channel as a power interface to supply DC input power to the DUT, and also provide corresponding communication interfaces, such as Controller Area Network (CLAN) communication interfaces and Modbus communication interfaces, for communication with the inverter-type DUT. For DC-DC converter-type DUTs, the fixture can provide a battery channel as a power interface to simulate a battery pack supplying power to the DUT, and also provide a corresponding Battery Management Unit (BMU) communication interface for communication with the DC-DC converter-type DUT. For composite DUTs, the fixture can provide a combination of multiple power interfaces, or multiple fixtures can be combined to provide multiple power interfaces and corresponding communication interfaces for composite DUTs.

[0121] In some embodiments, the functionality of the tooling equipment can be implemented by at least one of the following: a tooling board, an internal control unit of the product under test (DUT), a battery management unit, and an external adapter controller. The tooling board can be a specially designed hardware board for aging tests, integrating power interfaces, communication interfaces, and control logic; this is a typical implementation of the tooling equipment's functionality. The internal control unit of the DUT can be a control unit inherent to the DUT itself. When the internal control unit of the DUT can autonomously execute aging test sequences and expose standard interfaces, the functionality of the tooling equipment can be implemented by the internal control unit of the DUT, without the need for additional tooling hardware.

[0122] The battery management unit (BMU) can be the control unit of the battery management system. For energy storage-type products under test (DUTs), the BMU can participate in the control of aging tests, realizing some or all of the functions of the tooling equipment. An external adapter controller can be an external control device independent of the DUT, connecting to the DUT through an adapter interface to realize the functions of the tooling equipment.

[0123] Regardless of which method is used to implement the functionality of the tooling equipment, the implementer can expose the same aging start command interface, aging stop command interface, and test status information interface to the controller. This allows the controller to interact with the tooling equipment simply through standard interfaces without needing to be aware of its specific implementation method. Different implementation methods can be flexibly selected based on the actual situation of the product under test. For example, for products under test with strong self-control capabilities, the tooling equipment functionality can be implemented using the product's internal control unit. For products under test with weak self-control capabilities, a tooling board or an external adapter controller can be used.

[0124] For example, when the product under test is a photovoltaic inverter, the functionality of the tooling equipment can be implemented by the tooling board. The tooling board can provide a photovoltaic channel as a power interface and a controller area network (CLAN) communication interface as a communication interface. The photovoltaic inverter obtains DC power through the photovoltaic channel and interacts with the tooling board through the CLAN communication interface. When the product under test is an energy storage DC-DC converter with its own complete battery management unit, the functionality of the tooling equipment can be implemented by the battery management unit. The battery management unit can autonomously control the energy storage DC-DC converter to execute operating condition sequences such as charge / discharge switching, constant voltage mode, and constant current mode, and feed back test status information to the controller, without the need for an additional tooling board. When the product under test is a charging pile power module, the functionality of the tooling equipment can be implemented by an external adapter controller. The external adapter controller connects to the charging pile power module through an adapter interface and controls the charging pile power module to execute an aging test sequence.

[0125] By providing corresponding power and communication interfaces for different types of products under test through tooling equipment, and enabling the tooling equipment to function in various ways such as tooling boards, internal control units of the products under test, battery management units, or external adapter controllers, the adaptability of the tooling equipment to different types of products under test can be improved. At the same time, the interface on the controller side is kept uniform, so that the controller does not need to be modified according to the implementation method of the tooling equipment, further reducing the system coupling and improving the flexibility and scalability of the aging test system.

[0126] It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the above embodiments does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0127] As a specific implementation, the controller does not directly implement product-specific functionalities such as maximum power point tracking switching, active / reactive power four-quadrant switching, parallel switching, and constant voltage / constant current / constant power mode switching. Instead, it executes general processes such as task creation, configuration binding, power-on / off, issuing aging start and stop commands, periodically acquiring test status and operating parameter information, alarm judgment, and result determination. The controller's process code remains unchanged regardless of the product category under test.

[0128] Tooling equipment, serving as category adaptation and business execution devices, is related to the category of the product under test (DUT). The DUT connects to the legacy workstation via the tooling equipment. Depending on the category of the DUT, the tooling equipment provides corresponding power interfaces, communication interfaces, and signal acquisition interfaces. For inverter-type DUTs, the tooling equipment can provide a DC power source channel and corresponding communication interface; for DC-DC converter-type DUTs, the tooling equipment can provide a battery channel and corresponding communication interface; for composite DUTs such as energy storage converters, integrated photovoltaic and energy storage units, and charging pile power modules, they can be connected through combination configurations or combinations of tooling equipment.

[0129] In this embodiment, a standard interaction boundary is formed between the controller and the tooling equipment: aging start and aging stop commands are sent down from the controller to the tooling equipment, while test status information and operating parameter information are fed back from the tooling equipment to the controller. This interaction boundary does not change with the product category under test and serves as a standardized interface connecting the product-independent process layer and the category-related business layer.

[0130] In addition, the aging test system may also include a configuration module and an environmental management module. The configuration module stores the test configuration information corresponding to the product under test, providing parameter basis for the controller to execute general processes. The environmental management module operates as an independent system-level module, responsible for the management of objects such as the aging chamber, cabinets, workstations, temperature and humidity, exhaust ventilation, indicator lights, and buzzers. It operates in parallel with the controller and is independent of each other, and the two can be linked through cascading alarm rules.

[0131] In some embodiments, the control flow on the controller side is as follows, and this control flow does not change regardless of whether the product under test is an inverter, DC-DC converter, or hybrid: The first step is for the controller to create an aging task and bind the test configuration information. After the operator scans the barcode of the product under test and the workstation barcode, the controller creates an aging task and associates the task with the test configuration information for the corresponding product category.

[0132] The second step involves the controller reading the test configuration information and powering on the product under test (DUT). Based on the power parameters in the test configuration information, the controller controls the corresponding power channel to supply power to the DUT, bringing it into an operational state.

[0133] The third step involves the controller sending an aging start command to the tooling equipment. Upon receiving the aging start command, the control logic within the tooling equipment or the product under test takes over subsequent operating condition switching and autonomously executes the aging test sequence. For inverter-type products under test, this can autonomously execute sequences such as maximum power point tracking start, grid connection, active power regulation, reactive power regulation, off-grid operation, and voltage ride-through. For DC-DC converter-type products under test, this can autonomously execute sequences such as charge / discharge switching, constant voltage mode, constant current mode, constant power mode, and battery pack cycling. During this period, the controller only acquires test status information and operating parameter information and does not participate in issuing single-step operating condition commands.

[0134] The fourth step involves the controller waiting and periodically monitoring. Following the acquisition cycle specified in the test configuration information, the controller periodically acquires test status and operating parameter information from the tooling equipment, and performs threshold alarms and status checks.

[0135] The fifth step involves the controller sending an aging stop command to the tooling equipment. When the aging time specified in the test configuration is reached, or the test status indicates a fault or completion, or an external termination command is received, the controller sends an aging stop command to the tooling equipment. Upon receiving the aging stop command, the tooling equipment executes the corresponding safety shutdown procedure according to the type of product under test. For example, for inverter products, it first disconnects from the grid and reduces the load; for DC-DC converter products, it first disconnects the load and completes the necessary discharge.

[0136] Step 6: The controller powers down the product under test and determines the result. After confirming that the tooling equipment has stopped the aging test of the product under test, the controller disconnects the corresponding power channel and determines whether the aging test of the product under test is qualified based on the historical test status information, alarm records, and collected operating parameter information.

[0137] Through the above control process, the process code on the controller side does not change with the product category under test. The category differences are encapsulated in the tooling equipment side and test configuration information, thereby achieving a complete separation between process control and category business.

[0138] Corresponding to the aging test method in the above embodiments, Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an aging test device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. The device can be implemented as part or all of a computer device by software, hardware, or a combination of both. The computer device can be... Figure 7 The electronic device shown.

[0139] Reference Figure 6 The aging test apparatus includes: The first issuing unit 601 is used to issue an aging start command to the tooling equipment in response to the test start condition. The aging start command is used to trigger the tooling equipment to autonomously control the product under test to execute the aging test sequence and autonomously complete the switching action between multiple working conditions in the aging test sequence.

[0140] The acquisition unit 602 is used to acquire the test status information fed back by the tooling equipment during the aging test.

[0141] The second issuing unit 603 is used to issue an aging stop command to the tooling equipment in response to the test termination condition. The aging stop command is used to trigger the tooling equipment to control the product under test to stop the aging test.

[0142] The determination unit 604 is used to determine the aging test result of the product under test based on the test status information.

[0143] It is understood that the embodiments of the aging test apparatus and any implementation thereof correspond to the embodiments of the aging test method and any implementation thereof. The technical effects corresponding to the embodiments of the aging test apparatus and any implementation thereof can be found in the technical effects corresponding to the aforementioned embodiments of the aging test method and any implementation thereof, and will not be repeated here.

[0144] It should be noted that the aging test device provided in the above embodiments is only an example of the division of the above functional modules. In actual applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0145] The functional units and modules in the above embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit. Furthermore, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for easy differentiation and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0146] It should be noted that the information interaction and execution process between the above-mentioned devices / units are based on the same concept as the method embodiments of this disclosure. For details on their specific functions and technical effects, please refer to the method embodiments section, and they will not be repeated here.

[0147] This disclosure also provides an electronic device, which includes one or more processors and a memory; The memory is coupled to one or more processors. The memory is used to store computer program code, which includes computer instructions. One or more processors call the computer instructions to cause the electronic device to perform the aging test method described above.

[0148] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. The electronic device 700 can be a mobile phone, smart screen, tablet computer, wearable electronic device, in-vehicle electronic device, augmented reality (AR) device, virtual reality (VR) device, laptop computer, ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), netbook, personal digital assistant (PDA), projector, or a communication device such as a server, storage device, or base station, or a smart car, etc. This disclosure does not limit the specific type of electronic device.

[0149] The memory 701 can be used to store computer programs 702 and modules. The processor 703 executes various functional applications and data processing of the electronic device by running the software programs and modules stored in the memory 701. The memory 701 may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system, application programs required for at least one function (such as sound playback function, image playback function, etc.), etc.; the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the electronic device (such as audio data, telephone directory, etc.). In addition, the memory 701 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage device.

[0150] The processor 703 may include one or more processors such as a central processing unit (CPU), an application processor (AP), and a baseband processor. The processor can serve as the nerve center and command center of the electronic device. The processor 703 can generate operation control signals based on instruction opcodes and timing signals to control instruction fetching and execution. The memory 701 can be used to store executable program code, including instructions. The processor 703 executes various functional applications and data processing of the electronic device by running the instructions stored in the memory. The memory 701 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, such as storing data for audio signals to be played. For example, the memory may be Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (DDR) or Flash memory.

[0151] This disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions; when the computer-readable storage medium is used on an electronic device, it causes the electronic device to perform the aforementioned aging test method.

[0152] The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access, or it can include one or more data storage devices such as servers or data centers that can be integrated with media. The available medium can be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media, or semiconductor media (e.g., solid-state disks (SSDs)).

[0153] This disclosure also provides a computer program product containing computer instructions, which, when run on an electronic device, enables the electronic device to perform the aforementioned aging test method.

[0154] The computer storage medium and computer program product provided in the above-described embodiments are used to execute the methods provided above. Therefore, the beneficial effects they can achieve can be referred to the beneficial effects corresponding to the methods provided above, and will not be repeated here.

[0155] In the above embodiments, implementation can also be achieved, in whole or in part, through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, it can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this disclosure are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a computer, or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, optical disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), flash memory, hard disk drive (HDD), or solid-state drive (SSD), etc., and the storage medium can also include combinations of the above types of memory.

[0156] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0157] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments claimed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this disclosure.

[0158] In the embodiments provided in this disclosure, it should be understood that the disclosed devices / electronic devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device / electronic device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections may be through some interfaces; indirect couplings or communication connections between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0159] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0160] The technical features of the various embodiments described above in this disclosure can be combined arbitrarily without conflict. For the sake of brevity, this specification does not describe all possible combinations, but as long as these combinations do not violate the technical spirit of this disclosure, they should all be considered within the scope of this disclosure. Based on the content disclosed in this disclosure, those skilled in the art can reasonably combine, delete, or replace the technical features of the above embodiments according to actual needs, and such modifications and variations all fall within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0161] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this disclosure, and are not intended to limit it. Although this disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure, and should all be included within the protection scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. An aging test method, characterized in that, An aging test system is used, the aging test system including a controller and tooling equipment, the tooling equipment being connected to the product under test; The method is executed by the controller and includes: In response to the test start condition, an aging start command is sent to the tooling equipment, wherein the aging start command is used to trigger the tooling equipment to autonomously control the product under test to execute the aging test sequence, and to autonomously complete the switching action between multiple working conditions in the aging test sequence. Obtain the test status information fed back by the tooling equipment during the aging test; In response to the test termination condition, an aging stop command is issued to the tooling equipment, which is used to trigger the tooling equipment to control the product under test to stop the aging test; The aging test results of the product under test are determined based on the test status information.

2. The aging test method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain test configuration information corresponding to the product under test, wherein the test configuration information is used to characterize the configuration parameters required for the aging test of the product under test; Based on the test configuration information, perform at least one of the following: control the product under test to power on, determine the test start conditions, determine the test termination conditions, and determine the acquisition cycle of the test status information.

3. The aging test method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The test status information values ​​belong to a preset unified status value range, which includes standby status, running status, fault status and completion status. Each status in the unified status value range corresponds to a preset value range, and the tested products of different categories share the unified status value range. The step of obtaining the test status information fed back by the tooling equipment during the aging test includes: Based on the status address, the status value fed back by the tooling equipment is read, wherein the status address is configured based on the test configuration information corresponding to the product under test; The test status information is determined based on the numerical range into which the status value falls.

4. The aging test method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, Determining the aging test result of the product under test based on the test status information includes: The tooling equipment is used to obtain the operating parameter information fed back during the aging test. The operating parameter information is used to characterize the real-time operating parameters of the product under test during the aging process. The signal point set of the operating parameter information is configured by the test configuration information corresponding to the product under test. Different categories of the product under test correspond to different signal point sets. Based on the test status information and the operating parameter information, the aging test result of the tested product is determined.

5. The aging test method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Determining the aging test result of the product under test based on the test status information and the operating parameter information includes: The values ​​of each signal point in the operating parameter information are compared with the corresponding alarm thresholds. When the value of any signal point exceeds the corresponding alarm threshold, a first alarm record is generated. The first alarm record is used to characterize an out-of-limit abnormal event in the operating parameter information where the value of a signal point exceeds the corresponding alarm threshold. When the test status information is in the running state and the value of the signal point representing power transmission in the running parameter information is continuously lower than the preset power threshold within a preset time period, a second alarm record is generated. The second alarm record is used to represent an inconsistent event where the test status information is in the running state but the power transmission of the product under test is continuously abnormal. Based on the test status information, the operating parameter information, the first alarm record, and the second alarm record, the aging test result of the tested product is determined, and the aging test result is used to characterize whether the aging test of the tested product is qualified.

6. The aging test method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of determining the aging test result of the product under test based on the test status information, the operating parameter information, the first alarm record, and the second alarm record includes: Based on the test records in the test status information, it is determined whether the product under test has completed the aging test sequence, wherein the test records are used to characterize the change process of the test status information over time; Based on the first alarm record and the second alarm record, determine whether the tested product exhibits any abnormalities during the aging process and the severity of the abnormalities; Based on the statistical characteristics of the operating parameter information, it is determined whether the operating parameters of the tested product are within the normal range. The statistical characteristics represent the distribution characteristics and trends obtained by statistically analyzing the values ​​of each signal point in the operating parameter information. The aging test result of the tested product is determined based on the judgment results of whether the aging test sequence has been completed, whether any abnormalities have occurred and the severity of the abnormalities, and whether the operating parameters are within the normal range.

7. An aging test system, characterized in that, Includes controllers and tooling equipment; The controller is configured to issue an aging start command to the tooling equipment in response to a test start condition, obtain test status information fed back by the tooling equipment during the aging test, issue an aging stop command to the tooling equipment in response to a test termination condition, and determine the aging test result of the product under test based on the test status information. The tooling equipment is used to connect to the product under test. After receiving the aging start command, it autonomously controls the product under test to execute the aging test sequence and autonomously completes the switching action between multiple working conditions in the aging test sequence; after receiving the aging stop command, it controls the product under test to stop the aging test.

8. The aging test system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The aging test system also includes a configuration module; The configuration module is used to store test configuration information corresponding to the product under test. The test configuration information includes at least one of the following: test type, aging duration, power condition, signal point set, status address, alarm threshold, acquisition cycle, and environmental condition threshold. The controller, connected to the configuration module, is also configured to perform at least one of the following based on the test configuration information: powering on the product under test, determining the test start condition, determining the test termination condition, and determining the acquisition cycle of the test status information.

9. The aging test system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The aging test system also includes an environmental management module; The environmental management module has a communication connection with the controller and operates in parallel with the controller while being independent of it. It is used to manage the test environment and send an environmental anomaly notification message to the controller when an anomaly occurs in the test environment. The test environment includes at least one of an aging chamber, a cabinet, a workstation, temperature and humidity, exhaust ventilation, indicator lights, and a buzzer. The environmental anomaly notification message carries the affected product under test and its workstation. The controller is also configured to, in response to the environmental anomaly notification information, issue the aging stop command to the tooling equipment corresponding to the affected product under test, and, after the tooling equipment controls the affected product under test to stop the aging test, control the affected product under test to power down.

10. The aging test system according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that, The tooling equipment is also used to provide corresponding power interfaces and communication interfaces for the product under test. Different types of products under test correspond to different power interfaces and communication interfaces.

Images