Power supply and distribution safety test system, test method and test equipment

Abstract

The application discloses a power supply and distribution safety test system, a test method and test equipment, and relates to the technical field of power supply and distribution system safety testing. The application comprises a power input module, a signal modulation module, a parameter measurement module, a control module and an output module. The application stabilizes and modulates the input power supply through the signal modulation module, effectively suppresses the influence of voltage fluctuation on the analog signal, generates high-stability leakage voltage, ground resistance and leakage current adjustable signals; at the same time, the control module automatically calibrates and compensates according to the measurement results of external measurement equipment, eliminates signal deviation, and improves the accuracy and reliability of the test results. The power input module can automatically switch the input power supply according to the power supply type of the measured system, and is suitable for various test scenes; the output module switches the corresponding output channel under the action of the control module, realizes flexible output of multiple analog signals, and meets different test requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of power supply and distribution system safety testing, and in particular to a power supply and distribution safety testing system, testing method and testing equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Safety testing of power supply and distribution systems is a crucial step in ensuring the reliable operation of power equipment. The simulation and measurement of parameters such as leakage voltage, grounding resistance, and leakage current directly affect the accuracy of test results. Existing testing systems typically use fixed-parameter signal sources, which are difficult to adapt to the diverse power supply types of the systems under test. Furthermore, the stability of the simulated signal is poor when the power supply voltage fluctuates, leading to a decrease in test accuracy. In addition, traditional testing equipment lacks an effective calibration and compensation mechanism; when external metering equipment is connected, it cannot automatically correct signal deviations, affecting the reliability of test results. Moreover, the leakage current simulation circuit is prone to interruption of the test process due to open circuits at the interface when no metering equipment is connected, potentially even causing safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main purpose of this application is to provide a power distribution safety testing system, testing method and testing equipment, which aims to solve the technical problems of low testing efficiency, poor accuracy and insufficient safety in existing power supply and distribution safety testing.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application proposes a power supply and distribution safety testing system, electrically connected to the power supply and distribution system under test, comprising: The power input module is used to connect and switch the input power according to the power supply type of the system under test. The signal modulation module includes a leakage voltage adjustment module, a grounding resistance adjustment module, and a leakage current adjustment module, which are electrically connected to the power input module. It is used to regulate and modulate the input power supply so as to generate and output highly stable adjustable analog signals of leakage voltage, grounding resistance, and leakage current when there are voltage fluctuations in the input power supply. The parameter measurement module is equipped with a parameter measurement interface, which is electrically connected to the output of the signal modulation module for connecting to external measurement equipment. The control module is electrically connected to the power input module and the parameter measurement module, and is used to calibrate and compensate the analog signal output by the signal modulation module according to the measurement result of the external measurement device when the parameter measurement interface is connected to the external measurement device. The output module is electrically connected to the signal modulation module and the control module; wherein, the control module is further used to control the output module to switch the corresponding output channel so as to output the modulated and calibrated analog signal to the power supply and distribution system under test; The parameter measurement interface includes a leakage current interface, and the leakage current adjustment module, the leakage current interface and the output module are electrically connected to form a leakage current simulation circuit. The control module is used to acquire and generate a calibration compensation value based on the current feedback signal of the external metering device when the leakage current interface is connected to the external metering device, and adjust the output parameters of the leakage current adjustment module based on the calibration compensation value; it is also used to maintain the electrical continuity of the leakage current simulation circuit by using the short-circuit structure set inside the leakage current interface when no external standard metering device is connected, so as to prevent the circuit from being open.

[0005] In one embodiment, the power input module is provided with a power switching switch and a single-phase power input interface and a three-phase power input interface electrically connected to the power switching switch. The single-phase power input interface is used to connect to a single-phase AC power source, and the three-phase power input interface is used to connect to a three-phase AC power source. The control module is used to control the power switching switch to switch between the single-phase power input interface and the three-phase power input interface according to the power supply type of the power supply and distribution system under test.

[0006] In one embodiment, the power input module includes: An electrical isolation module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the power switching switch to achieve electrical isolation. The voltage regulator module, which is electrically connected to the electrical isolation module, is used to regulate the input power supply so as to output a test reference power supply to the signal modulation module.

[0007] In one embodiment, the power switching switch further includes a phase selection switch, which has phase A, phase B, phase C and a turn-off position, and is used to select any one of the three phases as the input phase source of the leakage current regulation module when the three-phase AC power supply is connected, or to disconnect the leakage current loop.

[0008] In one embodiment, the output range of the leakage voltage adjustment module is 0–60V, the output range of the grounding resistance adjustment module is 0–100kΩ, and the output range of the leakage current adjustment module is 5–500mA.

[0009] In one embodiment, the leakage current adjustment module includes a range selection switch with at least three positions, corresponding to current adjustment ranges of less than 15mA, 10mA-60mA and 40mA-500mA respectively, so as to realize current output under different ranges.

[0010] In one embodiment, the signal modulation module further includes a feedback sampling module, which is used to sample the output quantities of leakage voltage, grounding resistance and leakage current and communicate with the control module. The control module performs closed-loop regulation of the leakage voltage regulation module, the grounding resistance regulation module and the leakage current regulation module based on the sampled data.

[0011] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes a testing device, including the power supply and distribution safety testing system as described above.

[0012] Furthermore, to achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes a power supply and distribution safety testing method, based on the power supply and distribution safety testing system described above, comprising: According to the power supply type of the power supply and distribution system under test, the control module controls the power switching switch to switch between the single-phase power input interface and the three-phase power input interface; The signal modulation module regulates and modulates the input power supply to generate adjustable analog signals for leakage voltage, grounding resistance, and leakage current. The analog signal is output to the parameter measurement module, and the analog signal is calibrated by an external measurement device. The output parameters of the signal modulation module are calibrated and compensated based on the measurement results of the external measuring equipment. By switching the corresponding output channel through the output module, the calibrated analog signal is output to the power supply and distribution system under test.

[0013] In one embodiment, the calibration compensation step includes: Calibration coefficients are generated based on the data collected by the external metrology equipment, and the output of the signal modulation module is dynamically adjusted in a closed-loop manner during real-time output.

[0014] One or more technical solutions proposed in this application have at least the following technical effects: The power supply and distribution safety testing system provided in this application uses a signal modulation module to stabilize and modulate the input power supply, effectively suppressing the impact of voltage fluctuations on analog signals and generating highly stable adjustable signals for leakage voltage, grounding resistance, and leakage current. Simultaneously, the control module automatically performs calibration and compensation based on the measurement results from external metering equipment, eliminating signal deviations and improving the accuracy and reliability of test results. The power input module can automatically switch the input power supply according to the power supply type of the system under test, adapting to various test scenarios. The output module switches the corresponding output channels under the control module, enabling flexible output of multiple analog signals to meet different test requirements. Furthermore, in the leakage current simulation circuit, the leakage current interface of the parameter metering interface maintains electrical continuity through an internal short-circuit structure when no external metering equipment is connected, effectively preventing test interruptions or safety hazards caused by open circuits, ensuring the integrity of the test process and the safety of operators. The automatic calibration and compensation mechanism reduces manual intervention, lowers operational complexity, and improves test efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This application provides a structural framework diagram of a power distribution safety testing system. Figure 2 This is a front structural diagram of an embodiment of a power distribution safety testing system provided in this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of an embodiment of a power distribution safety testing system provided in this application; Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a power supply and distribution safety testing method provided in this application.

[0018] The reference numerals are as follows: Power input module 01, power switching switch 11, single-phase power input interface 12, three-phase power input interface 13, signal modulation module 02, range selection switch 21, parameter measurement module 03, leakage current interface 31, grounding resistance / voltage interface 32, control module 04, output module 05.

[0019] The purpose, features, and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0020] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0021] To better understand the technical solution of this application, a detailed description will be provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0022] A power supply and distribution safety testing system is a specialized device used to simulate and detect key safety parameters in power systems, such as leakage voltage, grounding resistance, and leakage current. Its core function is to evaluate the protection performance and insulation reliability of the tested power supply and distribution system under abnormal operating conditions by generating controllable analog signals. Such systems are needed because power supply and distribution systems may experience leakage current due to insulation aging, humid environments, or equipment failures during actual operation. Failure to detect and address this in a timely manner can lead to electric shock accidents or equipment damage. Therefore, safety testing is a crucial step in ensuring the reliable operation of power equipment.

[0023] Existing testing systems typically employ fixed-parameter signal sources. This is because early designs prioritized cost and simplification, neglecting the diversity of power supply types and the impact of power fluctuations. However, with the increasing complexity of power systems, the systems under test may involve various power supply types, such as single-phase, three-phase, and different voltage levels. Fixed-parameter signal sources struggle to adapt flexibly, limiting testing scenarios. More critically, when grid voltage fluctuates, the stability of the analog signal drops sharply, causing the output values ​​of parameters such as leakage voltage, grounding resistance, and leakage current to deviate from the set values, directly resulting in decreased test accuracy. The root cause of this predicament lies in the lack of voltage regulation and parameter modulation mechanisms, making the signal source overly sensitive to power supply disturbances.

[0024] Existing technologies offer some solutions, such as using regulated power supplies or adding filter circuits. However, these methods can only partially suppress fluctuations and cannot achieve independent adjustment of multiple parameters and high-precision output. Furthermore, traditional testing equipment lacks an effective calibration compensation mechanism. When external metrology equipment is connected for calibration, it cannot automatically correct signal deviations, requiring repeated manual adjustments, which is inefficient and prone to introducing human error. In addition, the leakage current simulation circuit is in an open-circuit state when no metrology equipment is connected, which can easily lead to test interruptions and even safety hazards due to the open circuit, such as accidental discharge or equipment malfunction.

[0025] To address the aforementioned problems, this application proposes a power supply and distribution safety testing system, which is electrically connected to the power supply and distribution system under test, such as... Figure 1As shown, the system includes: a power input module 01, used to connect to and switch the input power supply according to the power supply type of the system under test; a signal modulation module 02, equipped with a leakage voltage adjustment module, a grounding resistance adjustment module, and a leakage current adjustment module, electrically connected to the power input module 01, used to stabilize and modulate the input power supply to generate and output highly stable adjustable analog signals of leakage voltage, grounding resistance, and leakage current when there are voltage fluctuations in the input power supply; a parameter measurement module 03, equipped with a parameter measurement interface, electrically connected to the output terminal of the signal modulation module 02, used to connect to external measurement equipment; a control module 04, electrically connected to the power input module 01 and the parameter measurement module 03, used to calibrate and compensate the analog signal output by the signal modulation module 02 according to the measurement results of the external measurement equipment when the parameter measurement interface is connected to the external measurement equipment; and an output module 05, electrically connected to the signal modulation module 02 and the control module 04; wherein, the control module 04 is also used to control the output module 05 to switch the corresponding output channel to output the modulated and calibrated analog signal to the power supply and distribution system under test; The parameter measurement interface includes a leakage current interface. The leakage current adjustment module, leakage current interface 31, and output module 05 are electrically connected to form a leakage current simulation circuit. The control module 04 is used to acquire and generate a calibration compensation value based on the current feedback signal of the external metering device when the leakage current interface is connected to an external metering device, and to adjust the output parameters of the leakage current adjustment module based on the calibration compensation value. It is also used to maintain the electrical continuity of the leakage current simulation circuit by using the short-circuit structure set inside the leakage current interface 31 when no external standard metering device is connected, so as to prevent the circuit from being open.

[0026] It can be understood that the power supply and distribution safety testing system provided in this application embodiment is electrically connected to the power supply and distribution system under test. The system includes a power input module 01, a signal modulation module 02, a parameter measurement module 03, a control module 04, and an output module 05. The modules are electrically connected and interact with control signals to form a complete test link, which is used to simulate and calibrate safety parameters such as leakage voltage, grounding resistance, and leakage current under different power supply types and grid voltage fluctuation conditions, and to meet the requirements of metrological testing and on-site testing.

[0027] The power input module 01 is used to connect to and switch the input power supply according to the power supply type of the power distribution system under test. The power input module 01 may include power input terminals, isolation devices, overvoltage and overcurrent protection units, and a power switching unit. The power input terminals are used for electrical connection to single-phase, three-phase, or other voltage-level AC power supplies. The power switching unit may include a multiplexer, relay, or solid-state switch for switching between different power supply types. The isolation device is used to electrically isolate the internal circuitry of the test system from the external power supply, improving the system's operational safety and anti-interference capability. The overvoltage and overcurrent protection unit is used to cut off the input path or limit the input power in case of external power abnormalities, preventing input abnormalities from affecting subsequent circuits.

[0028] The power input module 01 detects the type and voltage level of the input power supply and provides a stable, adapted power supply to the signal modulation module 02. Depending on the on-site connection method of the power supply and distribution system under test, the power input module 01 achieves compatibility with different power supply systems through its internal wiring configuration and switching logic. Through the power input module 01, safety parameter tests can be performed on power supply and distribution systems under various power supply environments within the same test system, reducing the number of test equipment replacements and wiring adjustments.

[0029] The signal modulation module 02 is electrically connected to the power input module 01 and is used for voltage regulation and parameter modulation of the input power. The signal modulation module 02 includes a leakage voltage adjustment module, a grounding resistance adjustment module, and a leakage current adjustment module. Through the voltage regulation circuit, modulation circuit, and power drive unit, the input power is converted into an analog signal with set amplitude, frequency, and phase characteristics, and the analog leakage voltage, analog grounding resistance, and analog leakage current signals are output respectively.

[0030] The leakage voltage regulation module generates an analog leakage voltage signal with adjustable amplitude and frequency that is synchronized with the power supply or varies according to a preset pattern when there are amplitude fluctuations in the input power supply. The voltage regulation stage includes a regulated power supply module, a feedback detection circuit, and regulating devices. The regulating stage can set and control the output voltage through adjustable voltage division, controllable amplification, or pulse width modulation. The leakage voltage regulation module uses closed-loop control to keep the deviation of the output leakage voltage within a predetermined range, maintaining high stability even when the input voltage fluctuates.

[0031] The grounding resistance adjustment module is used to simulate grounding resistance states with different values. The module may include an adjustable resistor network, an electronically adjustable impedance device, and a detection feedback circuit. By changing the conduction state of each resistor branch in the adjustable resistor network or changing the equivalent resistance value of the variable impedance device, continuous or stepped adjustment of the grounding resistance value can be achieved. The control module 04 adjusts the grounding resistance adjustment module according to the set target resistance value and the real-time detected current and voltage parameters, so that the equivalent impedance between the output terminal and the reference node matches the set grounding resistance, thereby simulating the operating state of the power supply and distribution system under different grounding conditions.

[0032] The leakage current adjustment module is used to generate a simulated leakage current signal with a set amplitude and waveform by coupling with the input power supply. The leakage current adjustment module can adopt a current source structure, a power amplifier structure, or a controllable branch constructed using a combination of components such as resistors and capacitors, distributing a portion of the energy from the input power supply to the leakage current simulation circuit. Through internal control signals, the adjustment module can change the effective value of the leakage current, the degree of waveform distortion, and the phase relationship to adapt to the testing requirements of the protection device operation characteristics of different power supply and distribution systems under test. The output terminal of the leakage current adjustment module is electrically connected to the leakage current interface 31 and the output module 05, together forming a complete leakage current simulation circuit.

[0033] Through the coordination of the aforementioned adjustment modules, the signal modulation module 02 can still output adjustable analog signals with amplitude, resistance, and current values ​​that meet the set accuracy requirements even when there are voltage fluctuations in the input power supply, covering multiple safety test parameters such as leakage voltage, grounding resistance, and leakage current. The signal modulation module 02 employs a multi-channel independent adjustment method, ensuring no interference between channels, and can output different analog signals individually or in combination according to test requirements.

[0034] The parameter measurement module 03 is electrically connected to the output of the signal modulation module 02, and is used to connect external measurement equipment when the system requires calibration or metrological testing. The parameter measurement module 03 is equipped with a parameter measurement interface for connecting to standard measuring instruments or verification equipment. The parameter measurement interface includes a leakage current interface for connecting external measurement equipment used to measure leakage current. The parameter measurement module 03 also includes voltage and resistance interfaces, etc., for external measurement of parameters such as leakage voltage and grounding resistance as needed.

[0035] The parameter measurement module 03, through a physical interface and internal wiring, leads out the output of the signal modulation module 02 for sampling by external measurement equipment. The parameter measurement interface can employ pluggable terminals, test sockets, or dedicated connector structures for easy and quick connection or disconnection in testing and calibration scenarios. When external measurement equipment is connected, the parameter measurement module 03 transfers some or all of the output of the signal modulation module 02 to the external measurement equipment and coordinates its relationship with the output module 05 through the control module 04, avoiding measurement deviations caused by duplicate loads or incorrect wiring.

[0036] The control module 04 is electrically connected to the power input module 01, the parameter measurement module 03, the signal modulation module 02, and the output module 05. The control module 04 is used to identify and switch the power input type, set parameters and perform closed-loop adjustment of the signal modulation module 02, and perform calibration and compensation based on the measurement results when external measurement equipment is involved. The control module 04 may include a microprocessor, control logic circuitry, a data acquisition unit, and a communication interface.

[0037] When an external metering device is connected to the parameter metering interface, the control module 04 acquires the measurement results or current feedback signal from the external metering device through the data acquisition unit. For the leakage current interface, after the current feedback signal output by the external metering device enters the control module 04, the control module 04 compares this signal with the system setpoint or internal reference value, and calculates a calibration compensation value based on the error. The control module 04 then applies the calibration compensation value to the leakage current adjustment module, for example, by adjusting the current source reference value, changing the drive signal amplitude, or modifying the equivalent impedance, to achieve fine correction of the leakage current simulation output. Through this process, the difference between the leakage current simulation signal output by the leakage current adjustment module and the value measured by the external metering device is reduced to a predetermined range, improving the accuracy of leakage current simulation.

[0038] Control module 04 is also used for similar calibration control of the leakage voltage regulation module and the grounding resistance regulation module. When an external standard metrology device is connected to the voltage or resistance parameter metering interface, control module 04 generates corresponding calibration compensation data based on the deviation between the measured value returned by the external metrology device and the set target value, and writes this data into the parameter register or control channel of the corresponding regulation module to adjust the voltage regulation link or resistance setting link. By performing the calibration process periodically or on demand, control module 04 can achieve long-term stable maintenance of analog signal output and reduce the impact of factors such as device aging and environmental changes on test results.

[0039] In addition, control module 04 is used to control the switching of output channels of output module 05. During different test phases and in different test projects, control module 04 selects and sends a specific modulated and calibrated analog signal to a designated output channel according to a pre-set test procedure or user-input test parameters, ensuring that the power supply and distribution system under test receives the corresponding test excitation. Control module 04 can automatically configure the output path by controlling relay matrices, electronic switch arrays, or multiplexers, reducing manual plugging and unplugging operations and improving test efficiency and consistency.

[0040] Output module 05 is electrically connected to signal modulation module 02 and control module 04, and is used to output modulated and calibrated analog leakage voltage, grounding resistance, and leakage current signals to the power supply and distribution system under test. Output module 05 may include multiple output terminals, a channel switching unit, isolation and protection circuits, etc. The multiple output terminals are used to correspond to different test points in the system under test, such as phase line to ground, phase line to neutral line, protective conductor, etc. The channel switching unit selectively connects one or more output channels according to the instructions issued by control module 04, so as to achieve selective testing of different circuits in the system under test.

[0041] The isolation and protection circuitry in output module 05 can perform current limiting, voltage limiting, and fault isolation on the output signal. When an anomaly exists within the tested power supply and distribution system, such as a short circuit or insulation breakdown, output module 05 can disconnect the signal channel or limit the output power to prevent damage to the circuitry on the test system side. Output module 05 can also feed back the test status signal to control module 04, allowing control module 04 to determine the actual status and fault condition of the output channel and take appropriate control measures.

[0042] The leakage current adjustment module, leakage current interface 31, and output module 05 are electrically connected to form a leakage current simulation circuit. Leakage current interface 31 is used to connect an external metering device when leakage current needs to be measured or calibrated, and to maintain the electrical continuity of the leakage current simulation circuit when no external metering device is connected. The leakage current interface 31 has an internal shorting structure, which can include a fixed shorting conductor, a controllable shorting switch, or a pluggable shorting terminal. When the leakage current interface is connected to an external metering device, the control module 04 acquires the current feedback signal from the external metering device. The control module 04 generates a calibration compensation value based on the deviation between this current feedback signal and the internal set value, and adjusts the compensation by controlling the operating parameters of the leakage current adjustment module. In the metering device connected state, the leakage current simulation circuit is composed of the output terminal of the leakage current adjustment module, the external metering device, and the output module 05, achieving precise control of the simulated leakage current value through closed-loop feedback.

[0043] When no external standard metering equipment is connected, the internal short-circuit structure of the leakage current interface 31 is in a conductive state, electrically connecting the output terminal of the leakage current adjustment module to the output module 05. In this state, there is no open circuit problem in the leakage current simulation circuit due to the interface being floating, and the leakage current path remains continuous. The continuity of the current path avoids abnormal voltage accumulation, accidental discharge, and system malfunctions that may be caused by an open circuit, while ensuring that the test process can be carried out normally without the participation of external metering equipment.

[0044] By setting a short-circuit structure, the parameter metering interface can maintain the integrity of the leakage current simulation circuit under both operating conditions. When external metering is required, high-precision metering and calibration can be achieved by disconnecting the short-circuit structure and connecting a standard metering device; when external metering is not required, the short-circuit structure can be closed to maintain normal test operation without the need for additional manual wiring or jumper operations, reducing the possibility of wiring errors.

[0045] The power supply and distribution safety testing system provided in this application uses a signal modulation module 02 to stabilize and modulate the input power supply, effectively suppressing the impact of voltage fluctuations on analog signals and generating highly stable adjustable signals for leakage voltage, grounding resistance, and leakage current. Simultaneously, the control module 04 automatically performs calibration and compensation based on the measurement results from external metering equipment, eliminating signal deviations and improving the accuracy and reliability of test results. The power input module 01 can automatically switch the input power supply according to the power supply type of the system under test, adapting to various test scenarios. The output module 05 switches the corresponding output channel under the control module 04, realizing flexible output of multiple analog signals to meet different test requirements. Furthermore, in the leakage current simulation circuit, the leakage current interface of the parameter metering interface maintains electrical continuity through an internal short-circuit structure when no external metering equipment is connected, effectively preventing test interruptions or safety hazards caused by open circuits, ensuring the integrity of the test process and the safety of operators. The automatic calibration and compensation mechanism reduces manual intervention, lowers operational complexity, and improves test efficiency.

[0046] In one embodiment, the power supply and distribution safety testing system provided in this application can be applied to test the power supply and distribution safety indicators of command and control systems such as modular command and control systems, wheeled armored vehicles, tracked armored vehicles, and portable power supply and distribution systems. By simulating and detecting parameters such as leakage voltage, grounding resistance, and leakage current, a comprehensive evaluation of the safety performance of the power supply and distribution systems of the aforementioned equipment can be achieved. Compared with traditional testing methods, this application embodiment has significant technical advantages in terms of testing efficiency, testing accuracy, metrological characteristics, and the electrical safety of operators.

[0047] In modular command and control systems, wheeled armored vehicles, tracked armored vehicles, and portable power supply and distribution systems, power supply and distribution methods are diverse, including both single-phase and three-phase power supply, with different voltage levels and wiring structures. Traditional testing methods typically require changing multiple test devices or frequently adjusting wiring methods, and manually setting multiple test parameters, resulting in lengthy test preparation and switching processes.

[0048] In this embodiment, the power input module 01 enables automatic or rapid switching between multiple power supply types, reducing repeated wiring on the power supply side. The signal modulation module 02 independently adjusts leakage voltage, grounding resistance, and leakage current through multiple channels, allowing for one-step setting of multiple parameters according to the test plan, avoiding repeated configuration. The control module 04 controls the channel switching of the output module 05, enabling sequential or on-demand output to different test points according to a preset process, eliminating the need for on-site personnel to repeatedly change test cables. The parameter measurement module 03 works with external measurement equipment to perform automatic calibration, reducing manual comparison and repeated adjustments. Through the above structural design, when conducting multi-batch, multi-item tests on container cabins, wheeled armor, tracked armor, and portable power distribution systems, both test preparation time and single test operation time are shortened, the continuity of the test process is enhanced, and the overall test efficiency is improved, making it more suitable for centralized batch testing and rapid detection needs under field conditions.

[0049] The aforementioned equipment operates in complex environments, where power supply voltage fluctuations, temperature changes, and load variations are significant. Traditional testing instruments using fixed-parameter signal sources exhibit large output errors during power grid fluctuations, leading to accumulated deviations in the simulation of leakage voltage, grounding resistance, and leakage current, thus affecting the accuracy of power supply and distribution safety performance assessments. In this embodiment, the signal modulation module 02 regulates and modulates the input power supply parameters and implements closed-loop control through an internal feedback detection circuit, ensuring that the simulated output leakage voltage, grounding resistance, and leakage current values ​​remain within the set error range even under power fluctuation conditions. When an external standard metrology device is connected to the parameter metrology interface, the control module 04 calculates and applies calibration compensation based on the metrological data, correcting the deviations between each simulated output quantity and the standard value. Periodic or on-demand calibration can reduce the impact of device aging, temperature drift, and long-term operation on the output parameters.

[0050] When testing the power supply and distribution safety indicators of the command and control system, the simulated and measured values ​​of leakage voltage, grounding resistance, and leakage current are closer to the actual set values. The repeatability and consistency of the test results are enhanced, and the comparability analysis of power supply and distribution systems under different batches of equipment and different conditions can be carried out, thereby improving the reliability of safety assessment.

[0051] The power supply and distribution safety test instruments for command and control systems need to possess metrological characteristics during long-term use, so as to facilitate periodic inspections or the introduction of standard metrological equipment for traceability calibration in the field. Traditional test instruments mostly have internal fixed parameters or simple adjustment structures, lacking clear external metrological interfaces, which is not convenient for standard metrology and traceability of measurement values, resulting in insufficient authority and traceability of test results. In this embodiment, a parameter metrology module 03 is set up, which is configured with parameter metrology interfaces including a leakage current interface, so as to facilitate the connection of external metrology equipment to the internal signal link of the test system. In the metrological state, the control module 04 realizes automatic calibration and compensation of the output parameters of the signal modulation module 02 by collecting and comparing the feedback data from the external metrology equipment. The simulation paths of leakage current simulation circuit, leakage voltage and grounding resistance can all be connected to standard instruments for detection and comparison through the metrological interface. Through the above structure, the test equipment can be incorporated into a complete metrological system during laboratory verification, on-site spot checks or equipment periodic maintenance, and the measurement values ​​can be traced back to the superior metrological standard. The test instruments have metrological and traceable characteristics, which meet the metrological management requirements for power supply and distribution safety test instruments for armored equipment and command and control systems.

[0052] The power supply and distribution circuits of equipment such as modular command and control systems, wheeled armor, tracked armor, and portable power supply and distribution systems usually involve high voltage and complex grounding structures. If the circuit wiring is improper, the test circuit is open, or there are abnormalities in the exposed conductive parts during the test, the operators may face the risk of electric shock, and it may also cause the tested system to malfunction.

[0053] In this embodiment, the power input module 01 is equipped with isolation and overvoltage / overcurrent protection units to reduce the direct impact of abnormal power supply on the test terminal and personnel. The output module 05 is equipped with current limiting and circuit breaking protection circuits. When a short circuit or abnormal load occurs in the system under test, the output can be cut off or limited in time to prevent the formation of a dangerous current path between the test equipment and the equipment under test. In the leakage current simulation circuit, a short-circuit structure is set inside the leakage current interface 31 to ensure the electrical continuity of the circuit when no external metering equipment is connected, avoiding the risk of accidental electric shock to operators due to potential accumulation or induction when the interface is open. At the same time, when metering is required, it is connected to the external metering equipment through a standardized interface to avoid increasing the number of exposed conductive parts caused by non-standard jumpers or temporary wiring. The above measures reduce the electrical safety risks caused by open circuits, miswiring, or abnormal states during the test when the test system is used in confined spaces, metal shells, and complex grounding conditions such as shelters, armored vehicles, and portable power distribution systems. This is beneficial to protecting the safety of test personnel and meets the requirements of equipment support and safety management.

[0054] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3As shown, the power input module 01 is equipped with a power switching switch 11 and a single-phase power input interface 12 and a three-phase power input interface 13 electrically connected to the power switching switch 11. The single-phase power input interface 12 is used to connect to a single-phase AC power source, and the three-phase power input interface 13 is used to connect to a three-phase AC power source. The control module 04 is used to control the power switching switch 11 to switch between the single-phase power input interface 12 and the three-phase power input interface 13 according to the power supply type of the power supply and distribution system under test.

[0055] Specifically, the power input module 01 includes: an electrical isolation module, electrically connected to the output terminal of the power switching switch 11, for achieving electrical isolation; and a voltage regulation module, electrically connected to the electrical isolation module, for regulating the input power supply to output a test reference power supply to the signal modulation module 02. The power switching switch 11 also includes a phase selection switch, which has A-phase, B-phase, C-phase and off positions, for selecting any one of the three phases as the input phase source of the leakage current regulation module when a three-phase AC power supply is connected, or for disconnecting the leakage current loop.

[0056] In this embodiment, the power input module 01 of the power supply and distribution safety test system is equipped with a power switching switch 11, and is configured with a single-phase power input interface 12 and a three-phase power input interface 13. The single-phase power input interface 12 is used to connect to a single-phase AC power supply, and the three-phase power input interface 13 is used to connect to a three-phase AC power supply. The control module 04 is electrically connected to the power switching switch 11. The control module 04 controls the power switching switch 11 to switch between single-phase and three-phase access according to the power supply type of the power supply and distribution system under test, so that the test system can select the appropriate power input form according to the actual test scenario. The power input module 01 is equipped with an electrical isolation module, which is electrically connected to the output terminal of the power switching switch 11, and is used to establish an isolation path between the input power supply and the internal circuit of the test system. The electrical isolation module can adopt an isolation transformer or an opto-isolation structure to separate the electrical characteristics of the input power supply from the internal circuit, reducing the impact of external power fluctuations, grounding differences, or fault signals on the subsequent signal modulation module 02 and control module 04.

[0057] The output of the electrical isolation module is electrically connected to the voltage regulator module. The voltage regulator module regulates the isolated AC power supply, ensuring a stable output to the subsequent signal modulation module 02 even within voltage fluctuation ranges. The voltage regulator module can form a voltage control loop using a regulated power supply, feedback regulation devices, and a sampling unit. It adjusts the AC220V (1±20%) or AC380V (1±20%) voltage input from the mains grid to a stable reference power supply that meets test requirements, providing a stable drive power for leakage voltage regulation, grounding resistance regulation, and leakage current regulation.

[0058] A phase selection switch is installed in the power switching switch 11. The phase selection switch has A-phase, B-phase, C-phase, and off positions. With a three-phase AC power supply, the phase selection switch can select A-phase, B-phase, or C-phase as the input phase source for the leakage current regulation module. When the phase selection switch is switched to the single-phase position, the input power of the leakage current regulation module is connected through the L and N terminals of the single-phase access interface, and the input source is a single-phase AC power supply. When the A-phase position is selected, the leakage current regulation module obtains the input voltage from the A-phase terminal of the three-phase access interface; when the B-phase position is selected, it obtains the input voltage from the B-phase terminal of the three-phase access interface; and when the C-phase position is selected, it obtains the input voltage from the C-phase terminal of the three-phase access interface. When the phase selection switch is switched to the off position, the leakage current input path is disconnected, and the leakage current simulation circuit is in a state without an input source. This is used to keep the leakage current circuit isolated when leakage current testing is not being performed or when preparing to switch test items.

[0059] The permissible input power range includes AC220V (1±20%), frequency 50Hz±5Hz, for powering the entire test system; single-phase input voltage range is AC220V (1±20%), frequency 50Hz±5Hz, for the leakage current regulation module in single-phase mode; three-phase input voltage range is AC380V (1±20%), frequency 50Hz±5Hz, for providing A-phase, B-phase, or C-phase input to the leakage current regulation module in three-phase mode. The input source of the leakage current regulation module in different modes is switched by a phase selection switch to adapt to different platform power supply and distribution methods, enabling the system to perform leakage current alarm action tests under various power supply environments.

[0060] In addition, the power input interface supplies power to the entire unit and provides input power to the grounding resistance test module and the leakage voltage test module. This interface adopts an AC power socket structure and is equipped with an internal 5A fuse to provide overcurrent protection when the input current exceeds the specified value. The terminals are defined as L, N, and G, corresponding to the live wire, neutral wire, and protective ground wire, respectively. The single-phase input interface is used to input external single-phase power to the leakage current adjustment module. The terminal definitions include L, N, and NC. The L and N terminals are used to connect to the external single-phase AC power supply, and the NC terminal is not connected to the internal circuitry of the system. The three-phase input interface is used to input external three-phase AC power to the leakage current adjustment module. The terminal definitions include A-phase, B-phase, C-phase, and N-phase. A-phase, B-phase, and C-phase are used to connect to the three phase lines of the three-phase AC power supply, and the N-phase terminal is used to connect to the neutral point of the three-phase power supply, providing a basic input path for the phase selection switch to switch between different phase lines.

[0061] Through the cooperation of the above interfaces and phase selection switches, the leakage current regulation module can select the appropriate input power supply according to the power supply mode of the power distribution system under test, support leakage current alarm testing in single-phase and three-phase environments, and cut off the leakage current path when there is no input requirement, thereby improving the safety and flexibility of the testing process.

[0062] In one embodiment, the output range of the leakage voltage adjustment module is 0–60V, the output range of the grounding resistance adjustment module is 0–100kΩ, and the output range of the leakage current adjustment module is 5–500mA. The leakage current adjustment module includes a range selection switch 21, which has at least three positions corresponding to current adjustment ranges of less than 15mA, 10mA–60mA, and 40mA–500mA, respectively, to achieve current output under different ranges.

[0063] In this embodiment, the leakage voltage adjustment module, grounding resistance adjustment module, and leakage current adjustment module in the signal modulation module 02 are each set with independent output ranges to cover the alarm action values ​​required in the power supply and distribution safety test of the control system. The output range of the leakage voltage adjustment module is 0-60V, and the leakage voltage test value can be continuously or stepped within this range. The output range of the grounding resistance adjustment module is 0-100kΩ, and the grounding resistance value can be set and adjusted within this range. The output range of the leakage current adjustment module is 5-500mA, used to test the leakage current alarm function of the system under test. The leakage current adjustment module includes a range selection switch 21, which has at least three positions, corresponding to three current adjustment ranges: less than 15mA, 10mA-60mA, and 40mA-500mA, respectively, for selecting the appropriate current range in different test scenarios. The range selection switch 21 can adopt a multi-position rotary switch or toggle switch structure, and internally changes the upper and lower limits of the leakage current adjustment module's output through different shunt resistors, feedback settings, or reference value switching.

[0064] When selecting a range less than 15mA, the current-limiting branch and feedback reference value inside the leakage current adjustment module limit the current output range, making the current adjustment knob or digital setting effective within 0-15mA. This is suitable for testing protection devices with small current action values. When selecting a range of 10mA to 60mA, the range selection switch 21 switches to the corresponding medium-range circuit. The control parameters and current-limiting elements in the leakage current adjustment module are adapted to the 10mA-60mA range, allowing for fine-tuning within this range. When selecting a range of 40mA to 500mA, the range selection switch 21 connects to the high-current range circuit. The driving capability and feedback setting of the leakage current adjustment module increase accordingly, supporting output within the 40mA-500mA range. This is used for alarm tests on leakage protection devices with high rated action values ​​or under heavy load conditions. By dividing the leakage current adjustment into three ranges through the range selection switch 21, the current adjustment unit can have higher resolution and setting accuracy within each range, reducing setting errors caused by coarse adjustments over a large range. Range switching also limits the maximum output current at different ranges to prevent excessive current from being mistakenly set during low alarm threshold testing, thus reducing the impact on the device under test and the test circuit.

[0065] This embodiment supports three basic test functions: grounding resistance alarm function test, leakage voltage alarm function test, and leakage current alarm function test, corresponding to the outputs of the grounding resistance adjustment module, leakage voltage adjustment module, and leakage current adjustment module.

[0066] In the grounding resistance alarm function test, the grounding resistance adjustment module provides an adjustable equivalent grounding resistance within the range of 0–100kΩ. Testers connect the grounding alarm input terminal of the system under test to the grounding resistance output interface of this instrument, and change the grounding resistance value through the resistance adjustment unit, causing the power supply and distribution system to operate under different grounding resistance conditions. The grounding resistance detection circuit inside the system under test generates different detection results based on the change in grounding loop resistance. When the grounding resistance exceeds a set threshold, an alarm signal is triggered. This instrument records the alarm trigger point and recovery point of the system under test by gradually increasing or decreasing the grounding resistance value, which is used to confirm whether the grounding alarm function of the system under test meets the design requirements. The grounding resistance adjustment range covers 0–100kΩ, which can simulate various operating conditions such as good grounding, general grounding, and high-resistance grounding, meeting the needs of grounding performance judgment in vehicle platforms, shelters, and portable power supply and distribution systems. By finely adjusting the grounding resistance value, the grounding alarm action resistance value and the reset resistance value can be obtained, providing a reference for setting the threshold of the system under test.

[0067] In the leakage voltage alarm test, the leakage voltage adjustment module outputs a simulated leakage voltage signal within the range of 0-60V. During the test, the grounding resistance / voltage interface 32 is switched to the leakage voltage setting, named the leakage voltage / grounding resistance combination interface, for use in leakage voltage alarm testing. After the system under test is connected to this interface, the leakage voltage adjustment module applies an adjustable voltage between the ground and the conductive component, simulating the potential of the system under test's casing or conductive component relative to ground under conditions of insulation degradation or leakage. The output voltage is adjusted within the range of 0-60V by the voltage adjustment unit, and the operation of the leakage voltage detection unit or alarm module of the system under test is observed. When the output voltage rises to the set threshold of the system under test, the system under test outputs an alarm signal or disconnects the corresponding circuit. This instrument can record the corresponding leakage voltage threshold to verify whether the leakage voltage action point of the system under test meets the design and standard requirements. In the leakage current alarm test, the leakage current adjustment module is connected to the leakage protection or alarm interface of the system under test. The current test range is selected by the range selection switch 21, and the leakage current value is adjusted within the range of 5 to 500mA by the current adjustment unit. The leakage protection device or monitoring module inside the system under test detects the current flowing through the leakage path. When the current value exceeds the set alarm threshold or trip threshold, it outputs a control signal or disconnects the power supply.

[0068] During testing, the current value can be gradually increased starting from a small range, and the alarm action current of the system under test can be recorded to verify its leakage protection sensitivity and response characteristics. Range selection combined with current adjustment allows for effective setting and stable output in both low and high current ranges, supporting testing of leakage protection units with various action levels.

[0069] In addition, such as Figure 2As shown, two grounding resistance / voltage interfaces 32 are provided for connecting the external vehicle ground and the test ground. These interfaces use 4mm pins for connection to standard test leads and fixtures. Through these interfaces, the ground wire of the vehicle under test or the container body is connected to the grounding resistance or leakage voltage simulation circuit inside the test instrument. Leakage voltage setting: When the leakage voltage setting is selected, the grounding resistance / voltage interface 32 connects to the output of the leakage voltage adjustment module, and the external connection point is used for leakage voltage alarm testing. The system under test receives an adjustable leakage voltage signal through this interface for verifying the leakage voltage detection and alarm logic. Grounding resistance setting: When the grounding resistance setting is selected, the grounding resistance / voltage interface 32 connects to the output of the grounding resistance adjustment module, forming part of the grounding loop of the system under test for grounding resistance alarm testing. The grounding resistance value is controlled by adjusting the resistance, allowing the system under test to be tested under different grounding resistance conditions. Neutral Position: When the neutral position is selected, the grounding resistance / voltage interface 32 is disconnected and not connected to either the leakage voltage adjustment module or the grounding resistance adjustment module. This position is used during equipment standby or wiring adjustments to avoid erroneous outputs affecting the system under test.

[0070] By switching between the three states mentioned above, grounding resistance testing and leakage voltage testing can be performed on the same physical interface, reducing the number of panel interfaces and making it easier for users to identify and wire the circuit.

[0071] Two leakage current interfaces 31 are provided, also using a terminal block and 4mm jack structure. This interface is used to connect an external ammeter for external measurement of leakage current during leakage current alarm testing or calibration. When no external ammeter is connected, the two ends of leakage current interface 31 must be shorted. This shorting can be achieved using a dedicated shorting plug or wire to ensure electrical continuity of the leakage current simulation circuit. If the interface is open-circuited, the leakage current circuit is interrupted, preventing the leakage current regulation module output from forming a closed path, affecting the leakage current alarm test and current calibration results. Shorting the interface when no ammeter is connected maintains a normal test circuit, avoiding erroneous test results and safety risks caused by circuit breaks. When an external ammeter is needed, the shorting device is removed, and the ammeter is connected in series across the two ends of leakage current interface 31. The ammeter measures the current passing through it, and the tester can read the actual leakage current value and compare it with the instrument's set value to verify the accuracy of the leakage current regulation module or provide metering feedback to control module 04.

[0072] The resistance measurement / display function selection is used to control the output and display status of grounding resistance during grounding resistance testing. This function has three states: When the switch is set to the resistance measurement position, the grounding resistance adjustment module connects to the external grounding resistance / voltage interface 32, providing an adjustable grounding resistance to the system under test. At this time, the resistance adjustment unit is active, with an adjustment range of 0–100kΩ, forming a grounding path containing the adjustable resistance in the external circuit. When the neutral position is selected, both resistance measurement and resistance display are disconnected. The output of the grounding resistance adjustment module is not connected to the external circuit, and the display unit does not show the grounding resistance value. This state is used when the equipment is not performing grounding resistance-related tests, isolating the grounding-related modules to avoid interference with other test items. When the resistance display position is selected, the current set resistance value of the grounding resistance adjustment module is acquired by the internal measurement circuit and displayed on the display unit to indicate the current grounding resistance setting. In this state, resistance setting and checking can be performed when the system under test is not connected or the output is not to the external circuit, allowing testers to adjust to the required resistance value before wiring, improving the accuracy and efficiency of post-wiring testing.

[0073] The leakage voltage / grounding resistance selection switch is used to switch the test function on the grounding resistance / voltage interface 32. When leakage voltage is selected, this interface connects to the output of the leakage voltage adjustment module for leakage voltage alarm testing. When grounding resistance is selected, this interface connects to the grounding resistance adjustment module for grounding resistance alarm testing. When empty, this interface is disconnected from both modules and is in a non-operating state. This switching method avoids the need for separate grounding resistance and leakage voltage test terminals, reducing panel complexity and lowering the probability of mis-insertion and incorrect wiring.

[0074] The leakage current selection switch has three ranges: <15mA, 10mA to 60mA, 40mA to 500mA, and an off position. The off position disconnects the leakage current loop. This position is used when leakage current output is not required, preventing the leakage current adjustment module from outputting current externally and ensuring that no additional current path is generated in the system under test when leakage current testing is not being performed. In the <15mA range, the current adjustment unit controls the output current to vary within the range of 0 to 15mA; in the 10mA to 60mA range, the current adjustment range is 10mA to 60mA; and in the 40mA to 500mA range, the current adjustment range is 40mA to 500mA. The control signal output from the current adjustment knob or digital setting device is amplified or limited by the leakage current adjustment module, causing the output current to vary within the corresponding range. Different ranges are distinguished by internal range resistors, current limiting elements, or control parameters to avoid excessive output during low-range testing and ensure the controllability of the protection device's action value test.

[0075] The three adjustment units—resistance adjustment, voltage adjustment, and current adjustment—correspond to the outputs of grounding resistance, leakage voltage, and leakage current, respectively. Resistance adjustment continuously adjusts the grounding resistance value within the range of 0–100kΩ, allowing testers to set the threshold according to the design threshold of the system under test, gradually approaching the alarm threshold and recording accurate operating resistance values ​​for easy assessment of the grounding detection module's performance. Voltage adjustment adjusts the leakage voltage value within the range of 0–60V, causing the system under test to trigger alarms or protection actions under different leakage voltage conditions, verifying the appropriateness of the leakage voltage threshold setting. Current adjustment is constrained by the 21 range selection switches, adjusting the leakage current output value within its respective range. Through fine-tuning, the operating current and non-operating current of the leakage protection device in the system under test can be tested to obtain the characteristic curve data of the protection device.

[0076] In summary, through the above structural configuration and functional division, this embodiment can simultaneously realize grounding resistance alarm testing, leakage voltage alarm testing, and leakage current alarm testing in a single test instrument. Each parameter is adjustable within the specified range and can be combined and used through interfaces, ranges, and function switches to meet the needs of different power supply and distribution safety test items, facilitating standardized testing in modular command and control systems, armored vehicles, and portable power supply and distribution systems.

[0077] In one embodiment, the signal modulation module 02 further includes a feedback sampling module, which is used to sample the output quantities of leakage voltage, grounding resistance and leakage current and communicate with the control module 04. The control module 04 performs closed-loop regulation of the leakage voltage regulation module, the grounding resistance regulation module and the leakage current regulation module based on the sampled data.

[0078] In this embodiment, the signal modulation module 02 further includes a feedback sampling module. The feedback sampling module is electrically connected to the output terminals of the leakage voltage regulation module, the grounding resistance regulation module, and the leakage current regulation module. It is used to sample the output quantities of leakage voltage, grounding resistance, and leakage current in real time, and to interact with the control module 04 via a communication connection. Based on the sampling data provided by the feedback sampling module, the control module 04 performs closed-loop adjustment of the output parameters of the leakage voltage regulation module, the grounding resistance regulation module, and the leakage current regulation module, ensuring that each output quantity remains stable within a set range.

[0079] The feedback sampling module includes a voltage sampling channel, a resistance sampling channel, and a current sampling channel. The voltage sampling channel is connected to the output of the leakage voltage regulation module. It acquires the leakage voltage output signal through a voltage divider circuit or an isolated sampling device, converting the measured voltage value into a voltage or digital signal suitable for acquisition by the control module 04. The resistance sampling channel is connected to the output of the grounding resistance regulation module. It calculates the equivalent resistance value of the current grounding resistance by applying a known test current to the grounding loop and measuring the loop voltage. The current sampling channel is connected to the output loop of the leakage current regulation module. It measures the current value flowing through the leakage current simulation loop through a sampling resistor, Hall sensor, or other current detection element, and converts it into a feedback signal recognizable by the control module 04.

[0080] The feedback sampling module and control module 04 are connected via an analog input interface or a digital communication interface. Control module 04 periodically reads the sampling data from the voltage sampling channel, resistance sampling channel, and current sampling channel, and compares this data with preset target values ​​or set values ​​to obtain the deviation of each output parameter. For the leakage voltage adjustment module, control module 04 corrects the leakage voltage output by adjusting the voltage regulation reference value, duty cycle, or gain control, causing the output voltage to converge towards the set value. For the grounding resistance adjustment module, control module 04 changes the combination of adjustable resistor networks, adjusts the control quantity of the electronic variable impedance, or modifies the step size to make the equivalent grounding resistance approach the set resistance value. For the leakage current adjustment module, control module 04 adjusts the current source reference signal, current limiting circuit settings, or drive amplitude according to the current deviation to make the actual leakage current value approach the set value.

[0081] Feedback sampling can operate in multiple modes, including continuous closed-loop mode and calibration correction mode. In continuous closed-loop mode, control module 04 collects and adjusts the output at a fixed sampling period, ensuring stable output even under external power fluctuations, load changes, or environmental condition variations. In calibration correction mode, the feedback sampling module is used in conjunction with external standard metrology equipment. Control module 04 receives internal sampling data from the feedback sampling module and measurement results from the external metrology equipment, compares the difference, and corrects the coefficients of the internal sampling channel or adjusts the control algorithm parameters to make the internal closed-loop control process more consistent with standard values.

[0082] By setting a feedback sampling module, the signal modulation module 02 no longer relies on maintaining open-loop output after a single setting, but instead dynamically corrects itself based on the output measurement results throughout the entire test process. The leakage voltage output can be maintained near the target value through closed-loop adjustment when the input power supply voltage changes or the load impedance fluctuates; the grounding resistance output can be corrected through feedback sampling to keep the grounding resistance within the set range when the device temperature changes or the electronic variable impedance characteristics drift; and the leakage current output can still be maintained near the set current value through closed-loop control when the power supply voltage fluctuates or the tested system applies different load conditions to the current loop.

[0083] Compared to structures lacking feedback sampling and closed-loop regulation, this embodiment offers improvements in output parameter range, output stability, and repeatability over long-term use. Through the closed-loop control structure comprised of the feedback sampling module and control module 04, the system reduces output deviations introduced by factors such as component aging, ambient temperature variations, and power supply fluctuations, improving the control accuracy of three test quantities: leakage voltage, grounding resistance, and leakage current. Furthermore, when used in conjunction with external metrology equipment, the feedback sampling link can be corrected by comparing external measurements with internal sampled values, enhancing the consistency and traceability of the test instrument's readings and meeting the requirements for long-term stable operation and metrological calibration of power supply and distribution safety test instruments.

[0084] In addition, this application also proposes a testing device, including the power supply and distribution safety testing system as described above.

[0085] It can be understood that this application also proposes a testing device, which includes the power supply and distribution safety testing system described in any of the above embodiments. This testing device integrates the power supply and distribution safety testing system into a complete testing platform, used to test the power supply and distribution safety indicators of equipment such as field command and control systems, wheeled armor, tracked armor, and portable power supply and distribution systems.

[0086] The testing equipment includes a chassis, a control panel, a power supply and distribution safety testing system, power cables, and test lead cables. The power supply and distribution safety testing system is installed inside the chassis. The control panel is electrically connected to control module 04 and is used to set power input, range selection, function switching, and parameter adjustment. It also displays the set and measured values ​​of parameters such as leakage voltage, grounding resistance, and leakage current. The power cables connect the testing equipment to an external power source, and the test lead cables connect the testing equipment to various test points in the power supply and distribution system under test, including grounding terminals, leakage voltage detection terminals, and leakage current detection or alarm terminals.

[0087] The testing equipment integrates the power input module 01, signal modulation module 02, parameter measurement module 03, control module 04, and output module 05 into a unified configuration through its chassis structure. External users only need to connect to the system under test and external metering equipment via the power input interface, single-phase connection interface, three-phase connection interface, grounding resistance / voltage interface 32, and leakage current interface 31 on the front panel. The control module 04 receives user input through panel switches and buttons, including switching between resistance measurement / resistance display functions, switching between leakage voltage / grounding resistance modes, selecting leakage current range, and adjusting resistance, voltage, and current. It updates relevant parameters on the display unit in real time, facilitating users to monitor various outputs and alarm statuses during testing.

[0088] By integrating the power supply and distribution safety testing system into the testing equipment, functional tests and performance verifications of grounding resistance alarms, leakage voltage alarms, and leakage current alarms for power supply and distribution systems of various equipment can be completed in both laboratory and field support environments. The testing equipment, through a unified mechanical structure and interface layout, reduces the wiring complexity caused by the dispersed use of individual modules, which is beneficial for improving the standardization and repeatability of testing operations, and facilitates transportation, storage, and maintenance.

[0089] Furthermore, this application also proposes a power supply and distribution safety testing method, based on the power supply and distribution safety testing system described above, such as... Figure 4 As shown, it includes: S100: Based on the power supply type of the power supply and distribution system under test, the control module controls the power switching switch to switch between the single-phase power input interface and the three-phase power input interface. S200: The signal modulation module regulates and modulates the input power supply to generate adjustable analog signals for leakage voltage, grounding resistance, and leakage current. S300: Outputs analog signals to the parameter measurement module and performs measurement calibration on the analog signals through external measurement equipment; S400: The output parameters of the signal modulation module are calibrated and compensated based on the measurement results of external metering equipment; S500: By switching the corresponding output channel through the output module, the calibrated analog signal is output to the power supply and distribution system under test.

[0090] This application also proposes a power supply and distribution safety testing method, which is executed based on the power supply and distribution safety testing system described in any of the foregoing embodiments, and is used to test the grounding resistance alarm function, leakage voltage alarm function, and leakage current alarm function of the power supply and distribution system under test. The method includes the following steps.

[0091] In step S100, the tester first determines the power supply method of the power distribution system under test, such as single-phase AC220V or three-phase AC380V. The control module sends control commands to the power switching switch based on the user's selection on the panel or pre-set data. When single-phase power is selected, the power switching switch connects to the single-phase power input interface, and the L and N terminals of the single-phase input interface are connected to the input circuit of the signal modulation module. When three-phase power is selected, the power switching switch connects to the three-phase power input interface, and the A, B, C, and N terminals of the three-phase input interface are connected to the input side of the signal modulation module. For the leakage current simulation section, the control module can further control the phase selection range, selecting either single-phase or A-phase, B-phase, and C-phase, so that the leakage current adjustment module obtains input from the corresponding power phase line. Through this step, under different power supply conditions corresponding to the system under test, the input power used by the test system is consistent with the power supply method of the system under test, avoiding test deviations caused by power supply type mismatch and reducing the time required for wiring changes before testing.

[0092] In step S200, the input power, isolated and regulated by the power input module, is sent to the signal modulation module. The leakage voltage adjustment module within the signal modulation module performs voltage conversion, distribution, and control on the reference power supply, outputting an analog leakage voltage within the range of 0–60V; the grounding resistance adjustment module outputs an equivalent grounding resistance within the range of 0–100kΩ through an adjustable impedance network or electronic variable impedance; and the leakage current adjustment module achieves a leakage current output of 5–500mA through current source control and range selection. The control module, based on the preset target values ​​in the test scheme, sends control parameters to each adjustment module, including voltage setpoints, resistance setpoints, current setpoints, and range selection data. The signal modulation module, combined with the internal sampling results provided by the feedback sampling module, performs closed-loop adjustment of the output, ensuring that the instantaneous output values ​​of leakage voltage, grounding resistance, and leakage current are close to the corresponding setpoints. This step generates a multi-parameter analog signal that meets the test requirements, providing a foundation for subsequent metrological calibration and functional testing.

[0093] In step S300, the leakage voltage, grounding resistance, and leakage current output by the signal modulation module are sent to the respective parameter measurement interfaces of the parameter measurement module through internal connection lines. As needed, the tester connects external measurement devices such as standard voltmeters, standard resistance measuring devices, and standard ammeters to the corresponding measurement interfaces. For example, in the leakage current measurement stage, an external standard ammeter is connected in series across the leakage current interface; in the leakage voltage measurement stage, a standard voltage measuring device is connected to the grounding resistance / voltage interface; in the grounding resistance measurement stage, a standard resistance measuring device is connected to the grounding resistance output terminal through a predetermined test circuit. The external measurement devices measure the actual output values ​​of each analog signal and provide the measurement results on their display or communication interface. The control module can input data manually or automatically read the data output by the measurement devices through the communication interface for subsequent calibration and compensation calculations. Through this step, actual output values ​​of analog signals consistent with standard traceability can be obtained, providing a basis for parameter correction of the signal modulation module and enabling the test instrument to possess metrological characteristics.

[0094] In step S400, the control module compares the actual measured value obtained from the external metering device with the currently set target output value and calculates the output deviation. For the leakage voltage adjustment module, the control module adjusts internal control parameters, such as reference voltage, modulation ratio, or feedback gain, according to the voltage deviation to form a voltage calibration compensation coefficient, and stores this compensation coefficient in non-volatile memory for subsequent output correction. For the grounding resistance adjustment module, the control module adjusts the configuration of the adjustable resistor network or the control quantity of the electronic variable impedance according to the difference between the standard resistance measurement value and the set resistance value to form a resistance calibration compensation parameter, making the subsequently set resistance value closer to the actual output resistance value. For the leakage current adjustment module, the control module corrects the internal current control reference value and feedback loop parameters according to the measurement value of the standard ammeter, and establishes corresponding current calibration coefficients for different ranges. After calibration, the control module can calculate the appropriate control command according to the set target value and calibration coefficients for each output, driving the signal modulation module to output the compensated analog quantity. This step reduces the impact of component deviations, environmental factors, and drift caused by long-term use on output accuracy, establishes an internal control model consistent with external standard values, and improves measurement consistency and traceability in subsequent testing processes.

[0095] In step S500, the control module sends a channel switching command to the output module according to the currently selected test item. The output module then connects the corresponding output path according to the command, outputting the leakage voltage analog signal, grounding resistance equivalent impedance, or leakage current analog signal to the corresponding external interface, which is electrically connected to the relevant input terminal of the power supply and distribution system under test. For example, when performing a grounding resistance alarm test, the output module connects the output terminal of the grounding resistance adjustment module to the grounding resistance / voltage interface and connects it to the grounding detection terminal of the system under test and the vehicle ground via test leads; when performing a leakage voltage alarm test, the output module connects the leakage voltage adjustment module to the grounding resistance / voltage interface; when performing a leakage current alarm test, the output module connects the output terminal of the leakage current adjustment module to the leakage current detection or protection input terminal of the system under test. The output module can also control the connection and disconnection of the leakage current loop as needed, and, in conjunction with the phase selection switch and range selection switch, complete leakage current tests under different scenarios. After receiving these analog signals, the internal alarm or protection modules of the power supply and distribution system under test respond. Test personnel record parameters such as alarm thresholds and response times, compare these parameters with design or standard values, and determine whether the power supply and distribution safety performance of the system under test meets the requirements. Through this step, the calibrated analog signals are directly applied to the system under test, ensuring that the alarm test results are consistent with standard measurement results, thus improving the reliability and engineering applicability of the test data.

[0096] This embodiment executes the above steps sequentially. The power supply and distribution safety testing method of this embodiment achieves the following: selecting an appropriate input power source under various power supply types; generating a multi-parameter analog signal through a signal modulation module; measuring and calibrating the signal using external metering equipment; and then outputting the calibrated analog quantity to the power supply and distribution system under test via an output module. This method, combined with the hardware structure of the power supply and distribution safety testing system, forms a complete testing process from power source selection, signal generation, standard metering calibration to alarm function verification. This improves the repeatability of the testing process and the comparability of data results, meeting the usage requirements of equipment such as modular command and control systems, armored vehicles, and portable power supply and distribution systems in power supply and distribution safety testing.

[0097] In one embodiment, the calibration compensation step includes: generating calibration coefficients based on data collected by an external metrology device, and dynamically adjusting the output of the signal modulation module in a closed-loop manner during real-time output.

[0098] In step S300, the control module acquires actual measurement data of leakage voltage, grounding resistance, and leakage current from external metering equipment. The control module compares this measurement data with the currently set target output value and calculates the deviation of each output quantity. Deviations include amplitude deviation, proportional deviation, and zero-point deviation. Based on these deviations, the control module generates corresponding calibration coefficients, which may include voltage calibration coefficients, resistance calibration coefficients, and current calibration coefficients. These coefficients are used to correct the control parameters of the leakage voltage adjustment module, grounding resistance adjustment module, and leakage current adjustment module, respectively. The calibration coefficients can be stored in non-volatile memory for long-term compensation in subsequent output processes, or used as short-term calibration quantities during the current testing phase.

[0099] During the output of analog quantities such as leakage voltage, grounding resistance, or leakage current, the signal modulation module samples the real-time output value. The control module dynamically adjusts the adjustment parameters based on the difference between the feedback sampled data and the target setpoint, as well as the previously generated calibration coefficients. For example, during the leakage voltage output stage, the control module adjusts the duty cycle of the modulation circuit or the feedback reference level according to the voltage calibration coefficient to stabilize the output voltage value near the target value; during the grounding resistance output stage, the control module changes the set step size of the adjustable impedance or the drive signal of the electronic variable impedance according to the resistance calibration coefficient to ensure that the output equivalent resistance value matches the target resistance value; during the leakage current output stage, the control module adjusts the current source reference value or current limiting setting according to the current calibration coefficient to ensure that the real-time output current matches the target current.

[0100] The calibration process described above is performed using a closed-loop control method. The control module integrates real-time sampled data with setpoints and calibration coefficients, and corrects the output control variables of the adjustment module through periodic adjustment commands, ensuring that the output continuously converges towards the target direction. Closed-loop adjustment runs continuously during each output cycle to promptly correct output deviations in the event of input power fluctuations, load changes, or variations in the module's own performance. In this way, the output analog quantity always operates within the set range, guaranteeing signal stability during the testing process.

[0101] By generating calibration coefficients and combining them with closed-loop regulation, output deviations caused by component aging, ambient temperature changes, power supply fluctuations, and load variations can be reduced, ensuring that the output values ​​of leakage voltage, grounding resistance, and leakage current are consistent with external metrological standards. The calibration coefficients correct long-term offset trends in the signal modulation module, while real-time closed-loop regulation ensures stable output values ​​during dynamic operation. The combination of these two methods enables the signal modulation module to maintain high output accuracy and data consistency throughout the entire test cycle, enhancing the traceability of the power supply and distribution safety test system and improving the reliability of alarm function testing of the tested power supply and distribution system.

[0102] The above description is only a part of the embodiments of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. All equivalent structural transformations made under the technical concept of this application and using the contents of the specification and drawings of this application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included in the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A power supply and distribution safety test system, electrically connected to a power supply and distribution system under test, characterized in that, include: The power input module is used to connect and switch the input power according to the power supply type of the system under test. The signal modulation module includes a leakage voltage adjustment module, a grounding resistance adjustment module, and a leakage current adjustment module, which are electrically connected to the power input module. It is used to regulate and modulate the input power supply so as to generate and output highly stable adjustable analog signals of leakage voltage, grounding resistance, and leakage current when there are voltage fluctuations in the input power supply. The parameter measurement module is equipped with a parameter measurement interface, which is electrically connected to the output of the signal modulation module for connecting to external measurement equipment. The control module is electrically connected to the power input module and the parameter measurement module, and is used to calibrate and compensate the analog signal output by the signal modulation module according to the measurement result of the external measurement device when the parameter measurement interface is connected to the external measurement device. The output module is electrically connected to the signal modulation module and the control module; wherein, the control module is further used to control the output module to switch the corresponding output channel so as to output the modulated and calibrated analog signal to the power supply and distribution system under test; The parameter measurement interface includes a leakage current interface, and the leakage current adjustment module, the leakage current interface and the output module are electrically connected to form a leakage current simulation circuit. The control module is used to acquire and generate a calibration compensation value based on the current feedback signal of the external metering device when the leakage current interface is connected to the external metering device, and adjust the output parameters of the leakage current adjustment module based on the calibration compensation value; it is also used to maintain the electrical continuity of the leakage current simulation circuit by using the short-circuit structure set inside the leakage current interface when no external standard metering device is connected, so as to prevent the circuit from being open.

2. The power distribution safety testing system of claim 1, wherein, The power input module is equipped with a power switching switch and a single-phase power input interface and a three-phase power input interface electrically connected to the power switching switch. The single-phase power input interface is used to connect to a single-phase AC power source, and the three-phase power input interface is used to connect to a three-phase AC power source. The control module is used to control the power switching switch to switch between the single-phase power input interface and the three-phase power input interface according to the power supply type of the power supply and distribution system under test.

3. The power distribution safety testing system of claim 2, wherein, The power input module includes: An electrical isolation module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the power switching switch to achieve electrical isolation. The voltage regulator module, which is electrically connected to the electrical isolation module, is used to regulate the input power supply so as to output a test reference power supply to the signal modulation module.

4. The power distribution safety testing system of claim 3, wherein, The power switching switch also includes a phase selection switch, which has phase A, phase B, phase C and a shut-off position. It is used to select any one of the three phases as the input phase source of the leakage current regulation module when the three-phase AC power supply is connected, or to disconnect the leakage current loop.

5. The power supply and distribution safety testing system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The output range of the leakage voltage adjustment module is 0 to 60V, the output range of the grounding resistance adjustment module is 0 to 100kΩ, and the output range of the leakage current adjustment module is 5 to 500mA.

6. The power supply and distribution safety testing system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The leakage current adjustment module includes a range selection switch with at least three positions, corresponding to current adjustment ranges of less than 15mA, 10mA-60mA and 40mA-500mA respectively, so as to realize current output under different ranges.

7. The power supply and distribution safety testing system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The signal modulation module further includes a feedback sampling module, which is used to sample the output quantities of leakage voltage, grounding resistance and leakage current and communicate with the control module. The control module performs closed-loop regulation of the leakage voltage regulation module, the grounding resistance regulation module and the leakage current regulation module based on the sampled data.

8. A testing device, characterized in that, Includes the power supply and distribution safety testing system as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A power supply and distribution safety testing method, based on the power supply and distribution safety testing system as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, include: According to the power supply type of the power supply and distribution system under test, the control module controls the power switching switch to switch between the single-phase power input interface and the three-phase power input interface; The signal modulation module regulates and modulates the input power supply to generate adjustable analog signals for leakage voltage, grounding resistance, and leakage current. The analog signal is output to the parameter measurement module, and the analog signal is calibrated by an external measurement device. The output parameters of the signal modulation module are calibrated and compensated based on the measurement results of the external measuring equipment. By switching the corresponding output channel through the output module, the calibrated analog signal is output to the power supply and distribution system under test.

10. The power supply and distribution safety testing method as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The calibration compensation steps include: Calibration coefficients are generated based on the data collected by the external metrology equipment, and the output of the signal modulation module is dynamically adjusted in a closed-loop manner during real-time output.

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