An optical detection-based transformer insulation defect detection device and method

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of optical detection, and particularly relates to a mutual inductor insulation defect detection device and method based on optical detection. In view of the problems of low detection efficiency and easy to miss detection in the prior art, the following scheme is proposed, which comprises a base, a cross-shaped through hole is formed in the middle of the base, a synchronous advancing mechanism and a supporting part are arranged on the upper surface of the base at the left and right ends of the cross-shaped through hole, and clamping mechanisms used in cooperation are arranged at the other two ends of the cross-shaped through hole; a driving limiting mechanism is arranged at the top end of the supporting part, and an arc-shaped toothed rod is rotationally connected in the driving limiting mechanism, and the surface swept by the arc-shaped toothed rod during operation is perpendicular to the table surface of the base. The application can ensure that the upper part of the clamping mechanism is empty during feeding, facilitate feeding and installation of automatic feeding equipment, and only needs to start the synchronous advancing mechanism during power-on detection, so that multi-point power-on detection of the mutual inductor body to be detected can be quickly performed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical inspection technology, and in particular to a device and method for detecting insulation defects in current transformers based on optical inspection. Background Technology

[0002] In the operation and maintenance and quality inspection system of power systems, instrument transformers, as core components of metering and relay protection, directly determine the safety and stability of power grid operation due to their insulation performance. For a long time, the industry has relied on traditional contact-type testing devices for testing the insulation performance of instrument transformers. In practical applications, these devices have gradually revealed many pain points that are difficult to adapt to the needs of modern batch testing, especially the cumbersome fixed wiring links, which have become the core bottleneck restricting the improvement of testing efficiency.

[0003] In existing technologies, testing current transformers requires each transformer to be individually connected to a testing device and powered on for a certain period before testing. This method is not only cumbersome in terms of initial wiring, but also relies solely on a test pen to measure minute surface leakage currents, resulting in low accuracy and a high probability of missed detections. Traditional contact-based testing methods lack non-contact precision sensing capabilities and cannot leverage industrial vision and visual measurement technologies to achieve defect visualization and refined screening. They generally suffer from low testing efficiency, numerous blind spots, and highly subjective results, making it difficult to meet the demands of intelligent, batch-standardized quality inspection. To address these shortcomings of traditional testing methods, we propose a novel current transformer insulation defect detection device and method based on optical detection combined with industrial vision and visual measurement technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the problems of low detection efficiency and easy omissions in existing detection methods, the present invention aims to provide a device and method for detecting insulation defects in current transformers based on optical detection. This invention provides an optical detection device for detecting insulation defects in current transformers, comprising a base with a cross-shaped perforation in the center. A synchronous propulsion mechanism and a support are respectively located at the left and right ends of the cross-shaped perforation on the upper surface of the base. Clamping mechanisms are located at the other two ends of the cross-shaped perforation. A drive limiting mechanism is located at the top of the support, and an arc-shaped gear is rotatably connected within the drive limiting mechanism. The surface swept by the arc-shaped gear during operation is perpendicular to the surface of the base. Visual measurement devices with lenses facing the location of the current transformer are respectively located at both ends of the arc-shaped gear, and the two visual measurement devices are centrally symmetrically distributed. The synchronous propulsion mechanism includes a platform located diagonally above the cross-shaped perforation, the platform being parallel to the base. A gear set is located at one end of the platform near the support, and a high-voltage pole and a buffer contact rod capable of synchronously advancing and retracting are respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the gear set.

[0005] Preferably, the support part has a middle rod in the middle, and a metal limiting block of the same height is fixed on the side of the middle rod near the high voltage pole. A buffer pad is provided between the metal limiting block and the middle rod to ensure good electrical contact between the high voltage pole and the metal limiting block during testing.

[0006] Preferably, the drive limiting mechanism includes a roller frame with an overall groove-shaped structure. Two parallel outer arc pressure rollers are arranged between the two vertical side plates of the roller frame near the bottom of the groove. The outer arc pressure rollers have a dumbbell-shaped structure, and a protruding rib is reserved in the middle of the outer arc side of the arc-shaped toothed rod. Teeth are provided on the rib, and a gap is left between the rib and the outer arc pressure roller. An inner arc abutment roller is arranged between the two vertical side plates of the roller frame, located on the inner arc side of the arc-shaped toothed rod, and its circumferential outer wall tightly abuts against the inner arc side of the arc-shaped toothed rod. The drive limiting mechanism also includes a servo motor embedded on the outside of the roller frame, and a drive gear is fixed through the roller frame via the output shaft of the servo motor. The drive gear meshes with the teeth on the rib. The arc-shaped toothed rod can carry a visual measurement device freely through the cross-shaped perforation.

[0007] Preferably, the platform has a notch in the middle of one end near the support, and a double gear frame is slidably inserted into the notch. The double gear frame includes two parallel L-shaped side plates, and two meshing intermediate gears are arranged between the two L-shaped side plates. One intermediate gear is located directly above the other. A short shaft is arranged in the middle of the intermediate gear near the bottom, and a long shaft is fixed in the middle of the intermediate gear near the top. Both ends of the long shaft are fixed with equal driven gears, and the diameter of the driven gears is larger than the diameter of the intermediate gears. An electric push rod is fixed to the middle of the lower surface of the platform away from the base, and a push rack is fixed to the end of the extension rod of the electric push rod. The push rack is connected to the end near the bottom. The intermediate gears at the ends mesh with each other. A T-shaped support rod is fixed to one end of the propulsion rack near the support. There are two buffer contact rods, and the two buffer contact rods are fixed to the ends of the support rods away from the propulsion rack. Symmetrical F-shaped support frames are fixed to the upper surface of the platform near the front two edges. The tops of the two F-shaped support frames are fixed with grooved slide rails with opposite openings and parallel to each other. The same pole bracket is slidably connected between the two grooved slide rails. A slot for fixing a high-voltage pole is opened in the middle of the upper surface of the pole bracket. Parallel driven racks that mesh with the driven gears on their respective sides are fixed to the front and rear edges of the pole bracket.

[0008] Preferably, the upper surface of the base has a roller hole near the lower part of the support rod, and a support roller is installed in the roller hole. The outer circumferential wall of the support roller contacts the lower surface of the support rod, and the roller shaft of the support roller is perpendicular to the forward direction of the support rod. The position between the two buffer contact rods is adjustable. This ensures that the two buffer contact rods advance to the same height during each test, improves contact accuracy, and avoids sagging at one end of the buffer contact rod after long-term use.

[0009] Preferably, the clamping mechanisms on both sides of the cross-shaped perforation are symmetrical. The cross-shaped perforation includes mutually perpendicular longitudinal holes and transverse holes. The length direction of the transverse holes is consistent with the extension direction of the electric push rod extension rod. The clamping mechanism includes limiting slide rails fixed opposite to and parallel to the openings on both sides of the transverse holes. A triangular support plate with an integral chair-shaped structure is slidably connected between the two limiting slide rails. The triangular support plate includes a horizontal support plate and a vertical clamping plate. A common rear stop is reserved at the junction of the horizontal support plate and the vertical clamping plate near the support part to prevent the transformer body from continuing to slide backward after being subjected to force. The horizontal support plate has side ears fixed at both ends, which mesh with the corresponding limit slide rails. A clamping spring is fixed on the side of the side ear away from the center, and a clamping block is fixed on the end of the clamping spring away from the side ear. The clamping block is fixed to the upper surface of the base. A permanent magnet is fixed on the opposite side of the two triangular support plates. Electromagnets that match the positions of the corresponding permanent magnets are fixed at both ends of the transverse hole on the upper surface of the base. When it is necessary to detect leakage defects in the current transformer body under test by using the clamping mechanism and electromagnets, simply press the current transformer body down gently and place its base between the two triangular support plates.

[0010] Preferably, the vertical clamps of the triangular support plate are slidably inserted with upward-opening positioning pins near the bottom, and the top corner of the positioning pin near the transformer body has a beveled surface. A spring stop block is fixed to the bottom of the positioning pin near the beveled surface, and a clamping spring is fixed to the side of the spring stop block away from the beveled surface. A spring retaining ring is fixed to the other end of the clamping spring, and the spring retaining ring is fixed to the triangular support plate. The two triangular support plates have beveled surfaces near the upper middle part of the transformer body on opposite sides, and the beveled surfaces on the same side are parallel to each other. The distance between the lower surface of the positioning pin and the horizontal support plate is adapted to the thickness of the fixing foot of the transformer body.

[0011] Preferably, a controller is fixed to the side of the upper surface of the base near the support, and the signal output terminal of the controller is connected to the control switches of the electromagnet, electric push rod and servo motor through a signal line.

[0012] A method for detecting insulation defects in instrument transformers based on optical detection includes the following steps: S1: Before testing, adjust the distance between the two buffer contact rods to match the contact point spacing of the current transformer body of the batch to be tested. Then reset the drive limit mechanism to the initial position, that is, rotate the top visual measurement device to the side close to the drive limit mechanism. Then ensure that the high-voltage pole and the two buffer contact rods are in their initial positions; S2: Secure the two bottom corner fixing plates of the current transformer body between the two triangular support plates, and then press down the current transformer body until it is locked and pressed by the positioning pin; then start the electric push rod, and under the action of the gear set, drive the high voltage pole and the buffer contact rod forward at different distances until the end of the high voltage pole contacts the metal limit block, and the two flared metal joints make electrical contact with the contact points of the current transformer body; S3: Power-on detection. Set the required detection time. During the detection process, start the servo motor to drive the arc-shaped rack to rotate. At the same time, allow two vision measurement devices to take pictures from two opposite positions, so as to carry out a comprehensive detection of different positions on the surface of the transformer body. If an abnormal surface temperature is found during the detection, it indicates that there is a leakage defect.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. By setting up an arc-shaped toothed rod that can rotate as a whole and a synchronous propulsion mechanism, not only can the space above the clamping mechanism be ensured during feeding, which is convenient for feeding and installing automated feeding equipment, but also during power-on testing, the synchronous propulsion mechanism can be started to quickly perform multi-point power-on testing on the transformer body under test. At this time, in conjunction with the moving image capture of the vision measurement equipment, the surface of the transformer body can be scanned from multiple angles to accurately determine the leakage location.

[0014] 2. By setting a drive limit mechanism, two visual measurement devices can simultaneously take pictures from two opposite positions during power-on detection, thereby covering different positions on the surface of the transformer body and reducing blind spots in the detection.

[0015] 3. By setting a driven gear with a diameter larger than the intermediate gear, not only can the two buffer contact rods be driven to contact the energized position simultaneously, but the high-voltage pole can also be driven to run a longer distance until it contacts the metal limit block on the other side of the transformer body, which improves the energization efficiency and simplifies the installation process. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a bottom-view structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure for preparing the test according to the present invention; Figure 4Top view for preparing the test for this invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along line AA; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism in this invention; Figure 7 This is a side view of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention during detection; Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the synchronous propulsion mechanism in this invention; Figure 10 This is an exploded view of the gear assembly in this invention; Figure 11 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the triangular support plate in this invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Base; 101. Cross-shaped perforation; 102. Controller; 103. Idler roller; 2. Support unit; 3. Intermediate rod; 4. Drive limit mechanism; 41. Servo motor; 42. Drive gear; 43. Outer arc pressure roller; 44. Inner arc abutment roller; 5. Arc-shaped toothed rod; 6. Vision measurement equipment; 7. Metal limit block; 8. Clamping mechanism; 81. Limit slide rail; 82. Triangular support plate; 83. Electromagnet; 84. Positioning pin rod; 85. Permanent magnet; 86. Side lug; 87. Spring retaining ring; 88. Second clamping spring; 9. High-voltage pole; 10. F-shaped support frame; 1001. Slotted slide rail; 11. Electric push rod; 12. High platform; 13. Driven gear; 14. Buffer contact rod; 15. Support rod; 16. Push rack; 17. Double gear frame; 18. Pole bracket; 19. Driven rack; 20. Current transformer body; 21. Short shaft; 22. Intermediate gear. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0019] In this embodiment, refer to Figures 1-11An optical detection-based instrument transformer insulation defect detection device includes a base 1 with a cross-shaped perforation 101 in the center. A synchronous propulsion mechanism and a support 2 are respectively located at the left and right ends of the cross-shaped perforation 101 on the upper surface of the base 1. Clamping mechanisms 8 are provided at the other two ends of the cross-shaped perforation 101. A drive limiting mechanism 4 is provided at the top of the support 2, and an arc-shaped toothed rod 5 is rotatably connected to the drive limiting mechanism 4. The surface swept by the arc-shaped toothed rod 5 during operation is perpendicular to the platform surface of the base 1. Visual measurement devices 6 with lenses facing the instrument transformer body 20 are respectively provided at both ends of the arc-shaped toothed rod 5. The two visual measurement devices 6 are centrally symmetrically distributed. In this embodiment, the visual measurement device 6 is a thermal imaging analyzer. The synchronous propulsion mechanism... The structure includes a raised platform 12 positioned diagonally above the cross-shaped perforation 101. The entire raised platform 12 is parallel to the base 1, and a gear set is provided at one end of the raised platform 12 near the support part 2. The upper and lower ends of the gear set are respectively provided with a high-voltage electric rod 9 and a buffer contact rod 14 that can move forward and backward synchronously. By setting an arc-shaped gear 5 that can rotate as a whole and a synchronous propulsion mechanism, not only can the space above the clamping mechanism 8 be ensured during material feeding, facilitating material feeding and installation of automated material feeding equipment, but also, during power-on testing, only the synchronous propulsion mechanism needs to be activated to quickly perform multi-point power-on testing on the current transformer body 20 under test. At this time, in conjunction with the moving image capture of the visual measurement device 6, the surface of the current transformer body 20 can be scanned from multiple angles to accurately determine the leakage location.

[0020] A middle rod 3 is provided in the middle of the support part 2, and a metal limiting block 7 of the same height is fixed on the side of the middle rod 3 near the high voltage pole 9. A buffer pad is provided between the metal limiting block 7 and the middle rod 3 to ensure good electrical contact between the high voltage pole 9 and the metal limiting block 7 during testing.

[0021] Reference Figures 3-5The drive limiting mechanism 4 includes a roller frame with an overall groove-shaped structure. Two parallel outer arc pressure rollers 43 are arranged between the two vertical side plates of the roller frame near the bottom of the groove. The outer arc pressure rollers 43 have a dumbbell-shaped structure, and a protruding rib is reserved in the middle of the outer arc side of the arc-shaped toothed rod 5. Teeth are provided on the rib, and a gap is left between the rib and the outer arc pressure rollers 43. An inner arc abutment roller 44 is arranged between the two vertical side plates of the roller frame, located on the inner arc side of the arc-shaped toothed rod 5, and its circumferential outer wall tightly abuts against the arc-shaped toothed rod 5. The inner arc side; the drive limiting mechanism 4 also includes a servo motor 41 embedded on the outside of the roller frame, and the output shaft of the servo motor 41 passes through the roller frame and is fixed with a drive gear 42, which meshes with the teeth on the rib; the arc-shaped gear 5 can carry the vision measurement device 6 to move freely in the cross hole 101; through the drive limiting mechanism 4, when the power is on for detection, the two vision measurement devices 6 can simultaneously take pictures from two opposite positions, so that different positions on the surface of the transformer body 20 can be covered, reducing the detection dead angle.

[0022] Reference Figure 1 , Figures 9-10 The platform 12 has a notch in the middle of one end near the support part 2, and a double gear frame 17 is slidably inserted into the notch. The double gear frame 17 includes two parallel L-shaped side plates, and two meshing intermediate gears 22 are arranged between the two L-shaped side plates. One intermediate gear 22 is located directly above the other. A short shaft 21 is arranged in the middle of the intermediate gear 22 near the bottom, and a long shaft is fixed in the middle of the intermediate gear 22 near the top. Equal driven gears 13 are fixed at both ends of the long shaft. Furthermore, the diameter of the driven gear 13 is larger than the diameter of the intermediate gear 22; an electric push rod 11 is fixed at the middle of the lower surface of the platform 12 away from the base 1, and a push rack 16 is fixed at the end of the extension rod of the electric push rod 11. The push rack 16 meshes with the intermediate gear 22 near the bottom end. A T-shaped support rod 15 is fixed at the end of the push rack 16 near the support part 2. There are two buffer contact rods 14, and the two buffer contact rods 14 are respectively fixed at the end of the support rod 15 away from the push rack 16. On the upper surface of the platform 12, near the front two edges, there are two symmetrical F-shaped support frames 10. The top of each of the two F-shaped support frames 10 is fixed with a grooved slide rail 1001 with opposite openings and parallel to each other. The two grooved slide rails 1001 are slidably connected to the same pole bracket 18. The upper surface of the pole bracket 18 has a slot for fixing the high-voltage pole 9 in the middle. The front and rear edges of the pole bracket 18 are fixed with parallel driven racks 19 that mesh with the driven gears 13 on their respective sides. By setting the driven gears 13 with a diameter larger than the intermediate gear 22, not only can the two buffer contact rods 14 be driven to contact the power connection position at the same time, but the high-voltage pole 9 can also be driven to run a longer distance until it contacts the metal limit block 7 on the other side of the transformer body 20, which improves the power connection efficiency and simplifies the installation process.

[0023] In this invention, the buffer contact rod 14 includes a telescopic tube and a flared metal connector. The flared metal connector has an overall petal-shaped trumpet structure and is made of wear-resistant metal material, which can improve the electrical contact between the connector and the contact point during advancement.

[0024] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 A roller hole is provided on the upper surface of the base 1 near the lower part of the support rod 15, and a roller 103 is provided in the roller hole. The outer circumferential wall of the roller 103 contacts the lower surface of the support rod 15, and the roller shaft of the roller 103 is perpendicular to the forward direction of the support rod 15. The position between the two buffer contact rods 14 is adjustable. By setting the roller 103 below the support rod 15 and contacting it, it can be ensured that the two buffer contact rods 14 advance to the same height during each test, thereby improving the contact accuracy and preventing the buffer contact rods 14 from sagging after long-term use.

[0025] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 10The clamping mechanisms 8 on the front and rear sides of the cross-shaped perforation 101 are symmetrical. The cross-shaped perforation 101 includes mutually perpendicular longitudinal holes and transverse holes. The length direction of the transverse holes is consistent with the extension direction of the electric push rod 11 extension rod. The clamping mechanism 8 includes a limiting slide rail 81 fixed opposite to and parallel to the openings on both sides of the transverse holes. A triangular support plate 82 with an integral chair-shaped structure is slidably connected between the two limiting slide rails 81. The triangular support plate 82 includes a horizontal support plate and a vertical clamping plate. The same rear stop block is reserved at the junction of the horizontal support plate and the vertical clamping plate near the support part 2 to prevent the transformer body 20 from continuing to slide backward after being subjected to force. The front of the horizontal support plate of the triangular support plate 82 is... Both ends of the base 1 are fixed with side ears 86 that mesh with the corresponding limit slide rails 81. Each side ear 86 is fixed with a clamping spring 1 on the side away from the center. Each clamping spring 1 is fixed with a clamping block on the side away from the side ear 86. The clamping block is fixed to the upper surface of the base 1. Each side of the two triangular support plates 82 is fixed with a permanent magnet 85 on the opposite side. Each end of the upper surface of the base 1 located at the transverse hole is fixed with an electromagnet 83 that matches the position of the corresponding permanent magnet 85. When it is necessary to perform leakage current defect detection on the current transformer body 20 to be tested, simply press the current transformer body 20 down gently and place its base between the two triangular support plates 82.

[0026] Refer to Figure 6 and Figure 10 The vertical clamps of the triangular support plate 82 are slidably inserted with upward-facing positioning pins 84 near the bottom. A beveled surface is formed at the apex of one end of the positioning pin 84 near the transformer body 20. A spring stop block is fixed to the bottom of the groove of the positioning pin 84 near the beveled surface, and a clamping spring 88 is fixed to the side of the spring stop block away from the beveled surface. A spring retaining ring 87 is fixed to the other end of the clamping spring 88 and is fixed to the triangular support plate 82. A beveled surface is formed on one side of the two triangular support plates 82 near the upper middle part of the transformer body 20, and the beveled surfaces 1 and 2 on the same side of the triangular support plate 82 are parallel to each other. The distance between the lower surface of the positioning pin 84 and the horizontal support plate is adapted to the thickness of the fixing feet of the transformer body 20. This arrangement improves the fixing effect when fixing the transformer body 20 and prevents it from tipping over when lateral thrust is generated.

[0027] Reference Figures 1-8 A controller 102 is fixed on the upper surface of the base 1 near the side of the support part 2, and the signal output terminal of the controller 102 is connected to the control switch of the electromagnet 83, the electric push rod 11 and the servo motor 41 through the signal line.

[0028] A method for detecting insulation defects in instrument transformers based on optical detection includes the following steps: S1: Before testing, adjust the distance between the two buffer contact rods 14 to match the contact point spacing of the current transformer body 20 of the batch to be tested, and then reset the drive limit mechanism 4 to the initial position, that is, rotate the top visual measurement device 6 to the side close to the drive limit mechanism 4. Then ensure that the high-voltage pole 9 and the two buffer contact rods 14 are in their initial positions; S2: Secure the two bottom corner fixing plates of the current transformer body 20 between the two triangular support plates 82, and then press down the current transformer body 20 until it is locked and pressed by the positioning pin rod 84; then start the electric push rod 11, and under the action of the gear set, drive the high voltage rod 9 and the buffer contact rod 14 forward by different distances until the end of the high voltage rod 9 contacts the metal limit block 7, and the two flared metal joints make electrical contact with the contact points of the current transformer body 20; S3: Power-on detection. Set the required detection time. During the detection process, start the servo motor 41 to drive the arc-shaped gear 5 to rotate. At the same time, allow two vision measurement devices 6 to take pictures from two opposite positions, so as to carry out a comprehensive detection of different positions on the surface of the transformer body 20. If the surface temperature is found to be abnormal during the detection, it indicates that there is a leakage defect.

[0029] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A transformer insulation defect detection device based on optical detection, comprising a base (1), wherein a cross-shaped perforation (101) is provided in the center of the base (1), characterized in that, The upper surface of the base (1) is provided with a synchronous propulsion mechanism and a support part (2) at the left and right ends of the cross-shaped perforation (101), and a clamping mechanism (8) is provided at the other two ends of the cross-shaped perforation (101). The top of the support part (2) is provided with a drive limiting mechanism (4), and an arc-shaped toothed rod (5) is rotatably connected in the drive limiting mechanism (4). The surface swept by the arc-shaped toothed rod (5) during operation is perpendicular to the table surface of the base (1). Visual measurement devices (6) with lenses facing the position of the transformer body (20) are provided at both ends of the arc-shaped toothed rod (5). The synchronous propulsion mechanism includes a high platform (12) set obliquely above the cross-shaped perforation (101). The entire high platform (12) is parallel to the base (1), and a gear set is provided at one end of the high platform (12) near the support part (2). A high-voltage electric pole (9) and a buffer contact rod (14) capable of synchronously moving forward and backward are provided at the upper and lower ends of the gear set.

2. The instrument transformer insulation defect detection device based on optical detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support part (2) has a middle rod (3) in the middle, and a metal limiting block (7) of the same height is fixed on the side of the middle rod (3) near the high voltage pole (9). A buffer pad is provided between the metal limiting block (7) and the middle rod (3).

3. The instrument transformer insulation defect detection device based on optical detection according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive limiting mechanism (4) includes a roller frame with an overall groove-shaped structure. Two outer arc pressure rollers (43) with parallel roller shafts are arranged between the two vertical side plates of the roller frame near the bottom of the groove. The outer arc pressure rollers (43) have an overall dumbbell-shaped structure, and a protruding rib is reserved in the middle of the outer arc side of the arc-shaped toothed rod (5). Teeth are provided on the rib, and a gap is left between the rib and the outer arc pressure rollers (43). Between the two vertical side plates of the roller frame, a tooth is provided on the inner arc side of the arc-shaped toothed rod (5). The inner arc side contact the inner arc abutting roller (44), and the outer circumferential wall of the inner arc abutting roller (44) tightly abuts the inner arc side of the arc-shaped toothed rod (5); the drive limiting mechanism (4) also includes a servo motor (41) embedded on the outside of the roller frame, and the output shaft of the servo motor (41) passes through the roller frame and is fixed with a drive gear (42), and the drive gear (42) meshes with the teeth on the rib; the arc-shaped toothed rod (5) can carry the visual measurement device (6) to move freely in the cross-shaped perforation (101).

4. The instrument transformer insulation defect detection device based on optical detection according to claim 3, characterized in that, The platform (12) has a notch in the middle of one end near the support (2), and a double gear frame (17) is slidably inserted into the notch. The double gear frame (17) includes two parallel L-shaped side plates, and two meshing intermediate gears (22) are arranged between the two L-shaped side plates. One intermediate gear (22) is located directly above the other. A short shaft (21) is arranged in the middle of the intermediate gear (22) near the bottom, and a long shaft is fixed in the middle of the intermediate gear (22) near the top. Both ends of the long shaft are fixed with equal driven gears (13), and the diameter of the driven gears (13) is larger than the diameter of the intermediate gears (22). An electric push rod (11) is fixed at the middle of the lower surface of the platform (12) away from the base (1), and a push rack (16) is fixed at the end of the extension rod of the electric push rod (11). The push rack (16) and the intermediate gear near the bottom are connected. (22) They mesh with each other. The push rack (16) is fixed with a T-shaped support rod (15) near the support part (2). There are two buffer contact rods (14), and the two buffer contact rods (14) are fixed at the end of the support rod (15) away from the push rack (16). The upper surface of the platform (12) is fixed with mutually symmetrical F-shaped support frames (10) near the front two sides. The top of the two F-shaped support frames (10) is fixed with grooved slide rails (1001) with opposite openings and parallel to each other. The same pole bracket (18) is slidably connected between the two grooved slide rails (1001). The upper surface of the pole bracket (18) is provided with a slot for fixing the high-voltage pole (9). The front and rear sides of the pole bracket (18) are fixed with mutually parallel driven racks (19) that mesh with the driven gears (13) on the respective sides.

5. The instrument transformer insulation defect detection device based on optical detection according to claim 4, characterized in that, The buffer contact rod (14) includes a telescopic tube and a flared metal connector, and the flared metal connector has a petal-shaped trumpet structure and is made of wear-resistant metal material.

6. The instrument transformer insulation defect detection device based on optical detection according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper surface of the base (1) is provided with a roller hole near the lower part of the support rod (15), and a support roller (103) is provided in the roller hole. The outer circumferential wall of the support roller (103) is in contact with the lower surface of the support rod (15), and the roller shaft of the support roller (103) is perpendicular to the forward direction of the support rod (15); the position between the two buffer contact rods (14) is adjustable.

7. The instrument transformer insulation defect detection device based on optical detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping mechanisms (8) on the front and rear sides of the cross-shaped perforation (101) are symmetrical to each other. The cross-shaped perforation (101) includes a longitudinal hole and a transverse hole that are perpendicular to each other. The length direction of the transverse hole is consistent with the extension direction of the electric push rod (11). The clamping mechanism (8) includes a limiting slide rail (81) that is fixed opposite to and parallel to the openings on both sides of the transverse hole. The two limiting slide rails (81) are slidably connected to the same triangular support plate (82) that is an integral chair-shaped structure. The triangular support plate (82) includes a horizontal support plate and a vertical clamping plate. The same rear stop block is reserved at the junction of the horizontal support plate and the vertical clamping plate near the end of the support part (2). The front and rear ends of the horizontal support plate of the triangular support plate (82) are respectively fixed with side ears (86) that mesh with the corresponding limiting slide rail (81), and a clamping spring is fixed on the side of the side ear (86) away from the center. A clamping block is fixed on the end of the clamping spring away from the side ear (86), and the clamping block is fixed on the upper surface of the base (1). A permanent magnet (85) is fixed on the opposite side of the two triangular support plates (82), and an electromagnet (83) that matches the position of the corresponding permanent magnet (85) is fixed on both ends of the upper surface of the base (1) at the transverse hole. The clamping mechanism (8) and the electromagnet (83) are used.

8. The instrument transformer insulation defect detection device based on optical detection according to claim 7, characterized in that, The vertical clamps of the triangular support plate (82) are slidably inserted with upward-opening positioning pins (84) near the bottom. The top corner of the positioning pin (84) near the transformer body (20) is provided with a beveled surface. The bottom of the positioning pin (84) near the beveled surface is fixed with a spring stop block. The side of the spring stop block away from the beveled surface is fixed with a clamping spring (88). The other end of the clamping spring (88) is fixed with a spring retaining ring (87). The spring retaining ring (87) is fixed on the triangular support plate (82). The two triangular support plates (82) are provided with beveled surfaces (2) near the upper middle position of the transformer body (20) on opposite sides. The beveled surfaces (1) and (2) on the same side of the triangular support plate (82) are parallel to each other. The distance between the lower surface of the positioning pin (84) and the horizontal support plate is adapted to the thickness of the fixing foot of the transformer body (20).

9. The instrument transformer insulation defect detection device based on optical detection according to claim 8, characterized in that, A controller (102) is fixed on the upper surface of the base (1) near the side of the support (2), and the signal output terminal of the controller (102) is connected to the control switch of the electromagnet (83), the electric push rod (11) and the servo motor (41) through the signal line.

10. A method for detecting insulation defects in instrument transformers based on optical detection, comprising the instrument transformer insulation defect detection device based on optical detection as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Before testing, adjust the distance between the two buffer contact rods (14) to match the contact point spacing of the transformer body (20) of the batch to be tested, and then reset the drive limit mechanism (4) to the initial position, that is, rotate the top visual measurement device (6) to the side close to the drive limit mechanism (4). Then ensure that the high-voltage pole (9) and the two buffer contact rods (14) are in their initial positions; S2: Secure the two bottom corner fixing plates of the transformer body (20) between the two triangular support plates (82), and then press down the transformer body (20) until it is locked and pressed by the positioning pin (84); then start the electric push rod (11), and under the action of the gear set, drive the high voltage pole (9) and the buffer contact rod (14) forward at the same time, until the end of the high voltage pole (9) contacts the metal limit block (7), and the two flared metal joints make electrical contact with the contact point of the transformer body (20); S3: Power-on detection. Set the required detection time. During the detection process, start the servo motor (41) to drive the arc-shaped gear (5) to rotate. At the same time, let two visual measurement devices (6) take pictures from two opposite positions to cover different positions on the surface of the transformer body (20). If the surface temperature is found to be abnormal during the detection, it indicates that there is a leakage defect.

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