Method for winding optical fibers on a pipe, electronic device and winding machine

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for winding optical fiber in a pipeline, an electronic device, and a winding machine, relating to the field of optical fiber winding technology. The method includes: acquiring system parameters, pipeline parameters, monitoring parameters, environmental parameters, and safety parameters; establishing constraints on optical spatial resolution, the physical influence range of monitored events, directional thermal shrinkage safety constraints, and bending loss constraints, respectively, and determining feasible pitch ranges according to the conditions for each constraint formula; generating candidate pitches using environmental parameters and projecting them onto the feasible pitch range to obtain the actual landing pitch for the project, and then determining the target rotation speed accordingly; determining the laying sequence and starting phase, and controlling the winding machine to wind the optical fiber based on this and the target rotation speed; detecting the actual rotation speed, traction speed, and pitch during winding, and adjusting in a closed loop according to the pitch deviation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical fiber winding technology, and in particular to a method for winding optical fiber in a conduit, an electronic device, and a winding machine. Background Technology

[0002] Distributed fiber optic sensing technologies, such as Φ-OTDR (Phase-Sensitive Optical Time-Domain Reflectometer) and DTS (Distributed Temperature Sensing), are increasingly widely used in pipeline safety monitoring. The winding and encapsulation parameters of the optical fiber on the pipeline (including pitch, angle, number of lines, phase difference, etc.) directly determine the system's monitoring resolution and engineering reliability. Currently, related technologies disclose an optical fiber internal encapsulation structure of "pipe grooving - fiber laying - adhesive filling and curing." However, in actual engineering design, the determination of optical fiber winding parameters still suffers from the following technical defects, hindering the engineering promotion and application of this technology.

[0003] Firstly, while the relevant technologies disclose the structural form of laying optical fibers in grooves on the pipe surface, they do not provide quantitative design methods for key process parameters such as groove radius, groove depth, optical fiber type selection, laying pitch, helix angle, and phase difference of multi-line laying. In engineering practice, all of these parameters rely on the experience of technical personnel to determine, requiring multiple rounds of trial and error iterations of "winding-testing-adjustment" on the construction site to match specific working conditions. This results in low design efficiency and makes it difficult to ensure optimal monitoring performance.

[0004] Secondly, the inherent spatial resolution of the fiber in the Φ-OTDR system is determined by the probe pulse width. However, when the fiber is wrapped around the pipe surface with a certain pitch, helical angle, and number of winding lines, the actual equivalent spatial resolution along the pipe axis is not directly equal to the inherent resolution of the fiber. Instead, it is obtained by mapping the spatial sampling interval along the helical path of the fiber to the pipe axis. Related technologies have not systematically established a mathematical quantitative relationship between "winding pitch—winding angle—number of winding lines—equivalent resolution along the pipe axis," making it impossible to deduce the optimal pitch based on monitoring accuracy requirements during design, resulting in a mismatch between spatial resolution and winding density.

[0005] Third, in engineering scenarios where multiple optical fibers need to be deployed simultaneously, the relevant technologies do not provide a unified design rule for the laying order and initial phase difference of each winding line when multiple lines are wound together. This results in a lack of coordination in the spatial arrangement of each optical fiber when multiple lines are wound together, which may cause mutual interference or spatial sampling overlap between optical fibers, reducing the efficiency of effective monitoring coverage.

[0006] Fourth, the differences in stiffness of pipes with different wall thicknesses, the differences in signal attenuation characteristics of different buried media, and the differences in environmental conditions at different burial depths all significantly affect the actual response amplitude and signal-to-noise ratio of the fiber optic sensing system. Theoretically, parameters such as the winding pitch and the number of threads should be adjusted accordingly. However, the relevant technologies do not provide any differentiated design basis for this and still use uniform parameters to adapt to all working conditions, which makes it difficult to meet the actual needs of diverse engineering scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for winding optical fibers in a pipeline, an electronic device, and a winding machine, so as to realize the quantitative calculation of optical fiber winding parameters.

[0008] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention propose a method for winding optical fiber in a pipeline, comprising: acquiring system parameters, pipeline parameters, monitoring parameters, environmental parameters, and safety parameters; establishing optical spatial resolution constraints, physical influence range constraints of monitored events, and bending loss constraints based on the system parameters, the monitoring parameters, and the pipeline parameters, respectively; determining the optical constraint pitch based on the optical spatial resolution constraints; determining the physical constraint pitch based on the physical influence range constraints of monitored events; and determining the bending loss constraint pitch based on the bending loss constraints; and obtaining the directional thermal shrinkage safety parameters based on the axial shrinkage strain and circumferential shrinkage strain in the pipeline parameters and the safety parameters. The entire range is used, and a feasible pitch range is obtained based on the directional heat shrinkage safety range, the optical constraint pitch, the physical constraint pitch, and the bending loss constraint pitch. The actual landing pitch for the project is selected within the feasible pitch range using the environmental parameters. The target rotation speed of the winding machine is obtained based on the actual landing pitch and the pipe traction speed in the pipe parameters. When the target number of wires in the monitoring parameters is greater than or equal to 2, the target laying sequence and the initial phase difference of each winding wire are determined. The winding machine is then controlled to wind the optical fiber based on the actual landing pitch, the target rotation speed, the target laying sequence, and the initial phase difference of each winding wire.

[0009] In some embodiments, determining the optical constraint pitch includes: obtaining the multimode fiber spatial resolution based on the multimode fiber core equivalent refractive index and multimode fiber pulse width in the system parameters; obtaining the multimode fiber optical constraint pitch based on the multimode fiber spatial resolution, the target duct equivalent spatial resolution in the monitoring parameters, and the duct outer diameter in the duct parameters; obtaining the single-mode fiber spatial resolution based on the single-mode fiber core effective refractive index and single-mode fiber pulse width in the system parameters; obtaining the single-mode fiber optical constraint pitch based on the single-mode fiber spatial resolution, the target duct equivalent spatial resolution, and the duct outer diameter; and taking the smaller value between the single-mode fiber optical constraint pitch and the multimode fiber optical constraint pitch as the final optical constraint pitch.

[0010] In some embodiments, determining the physical constraint pitch includes: obtaining the temperature constraint theoretical pitch based on the pipe outer diameter, the axial characteristic length of the temperature anomaly in the monitoring parameters, the minimum number of samplings in the temperature channel, and the independent spatial resolution of the demodulation device in the system parameters; obtaining the acoustic constraint theoretical pitch based on the pipe outer diameter, the minimum number of samplings in the acoustic channel, the independent spatial resolution of the demodulation device, and the axial effective propagation length of the acoustic signal in the monitoring parameters; wherein, the directional thermal shrinkage safety interval is determined based on the relationship between the effective shrinkage strain in the spiral fiber direction and the pitch, and is used to limit the feasible range of the temperature constraint theoretical pitch and the acoustic constraint theoretical pitch; the effective shrinkage strain is obtained based on the axial shrinkage strain, the circumferential shrinkage strain, and the interface strain transfer coefficient and reserved relaxation strain in the safety parameters, and the effective shrinkage strain corresponding to any pitch within the directional thermal shrinkage safety interval meets the requirements of the allowable compressive strain and the thermal buckling safety factor in the safety parameters.

[0011] In some embodiments, determining the bending loss constraint pitch includes: taking the larger value among the minimum allowable bending radius of single-mode fiber and the minimum allowable bending radius of multimode fiber in the system parameters as the unified minimum allowable bending radius for the hybrid fiber configuration; when the ratio of the unified minimum allowable bending radius to the outer diameter of the pipe is greater than or equal to a first preset ratio threshold, obtaining the bending loss constraint pitch based on the unified minimum allowable bending radius and the outer diameter of the pipe.

[0012] In some embodiments, before obtaining the target rotational speed of the winding machine based on the actual landing pitch of the project and the pipe traction speed in the pipe parameters, the method further includes: taking the larger value between the multimode fiber spatial resolution and the single-mode fiber spatial resolution as the correction fiber spatial resolution; obtaining the corrected equivalent spatial resolution of the pipe based on the correction fiber spatial resolution, the actual landing pitch of the project, and the outer diameter of the pipe; and determining that the corrected equivalent spatial resolution of the pipe is less than or equal to the target equivalent spatial resolution of the pipe, and the deviation does not exceed a first preset deviation threshold.

[0013] In some embodiments, the method further includes: obtaining the axial offset of each winding line based on the initial phase difference of each winding line and the actual landing pitch of the project; when the ratio of the axial offset of any winding line to the equivalent spatial resolution of the target pipeline in the monitoring parameters is greater than or equal to a second preset ratio threshold, performing a step search within a preset angle range, re-determining the initial phase difference of each winding line, and re-determining the axial offset of each winding line, until the ratio of the axial offset of each winding line to the equivalent spatial resolution of the target pipeline in the monitoring parameters is less than the second preset ratio threshold; when the step search within the preset angle range is completed, and there is still a ratio of the axial offset of any winding line to the equivalent spatial resolution of the target pipeline that is greater than or equal to the second preset ratio threshold, outputting a prompt message that there is no feasible phase configuration for the current parameter combination; and after the user changes the design parameters and establishes a new parameter combination, re-determining the initial phase difference and axial offset of each winding line.

[0014] In some embodiments, the target laying sequence is determined based on the target number of lines and the type of optical fiber to be laid, monitoring function, and primary / backup attribute in the monitoring parameters.

[0015] In some embodiments, controlling the winding machine to wind the optical fiber according to the actual landing pitch of the project and the target rotation speed includes: controlling the actual rotation speed of the winding machine to follow the target rotation speed, and ensuring that the deviation between the actual winding pitch and the actual landing pitch of the project does not exceed a second preset deviation threshold.

[0016] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, wherein when the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the method described in the first aspect embodiment.

[0017] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a winding machine, comprising: the electronic equipment described in the second aspect embodiment.

[0018] The fiber optic winding method, electronic equipment, and winding machine of this invention acquire and integrate system parameters, pipeline parameters, monitoring parameters, environmental parameters, and safety parameters. They determine the feasible pitch according to the conditions for each constraint and simultaneously determine the target rotation speed of the winding machine. In multi-line scenarios, they generate the laying sequence and the initial phase of each line. During the equipment execution phase, they perform closed-loop correction using the actual rotation speed, actual traction speed, and actual pitch. This solution reduces the number of on-site trials, obtains parameters that meet preset constraints, and maintains the actual pitch within preset tolerances, thereby helping to improve the consistency and long-term operational reliability of fiber optic winding.

[0019] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a pipe optical fiber winding method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of step S2 of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart of step S2 of another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of three-dimensional helical winding according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a plan view of a single-turn spiral unfolded according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the resolution projected along the hypotenuse axis according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a flowchart of a specific embodiment of the fiber optic winding method for a pipeline according to the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a bi-wire winding cross section as an example of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a four-wire winding cross section as an example of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the axial unfolding of a pipe, as an example of the present invention; Figure 11 This is an example of the equivalent stress contour plot under two boundary conditions: continuous constraint buckling and release section, according to the present invention. Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how the optical upper limit, the directional thermal shrinkage upper limit, and the comprehensive lower limit together form the feasible pitch domain, as an example of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0022] The intelligent pipeline structure of this invention consists of three layers: from the inside out, a PE (Polyethylene) base pipe, wound optical fiber, and an outer PP (Polypropylene) coating layer. This technology is also applicable to thermoplastic composite pipes. The entire production process comprises four steps, each with the following characteristics: (1) PE pipe extrusion molding stage PE raw materials are plasticized and then extruded. Taking DN200 PE80-SDR11 pipe as an example, the key parameters measured on the production line are: extruder screw speed 4.1-5.0 rpm, melt temperature approximately 200℃, and die temperature 180℃. After extrusion, the pipe undergoes vacuum sizing and water cooling. Increased cooling and extrusion speeds lead to increased pipe shrinkage and a corresponding increase in residual stress in the outer layer.

[0023] (2) Fiber winding stage After cooling, the PE tube is wound with sensing optical fiber at a specific pitch and angle by a winding machine before entering the PP coating equipment. Depending on the monitoring requirements, single-wire, double-wire, triple-wire, or quadruple-wire winding can be used, with multi-wire winding primarily considering a redundancy design of one in use and one in reserve. Single-mode or multi-mode optical fiber can be selected, as they have different outer diameters and minimum bending radii.

[0024] (3) PP coating stage The PE tube, after being wound with optical fiber, enters the PP coating equipment. The PP material needs to be fully melted in a vacuum environment (melting temperature 220-275℃) before extrusion to encapsulate the PE tube. The high temperature of the die head (up to approximately 250℃) will cause short-term thermal shock to the wound optical fiber; this is one of the thermodynamic constraints that must be considered in this embodiment of the invention. After coating, a PP sheath (1-2mm thick) is formed, sealing the optical fiber between the outer wall of the PE tube and the PP sheath.

[0025] (4) Cooling and shaping after thermal shock The high-temperature thermal shock required for the cladding layer can cause secondary thermal deformation (radial shrinkage) of the inner tube. The already wound optical fiber is prone to structural instability during the shrinkage process of the tube. This is one of the core technical problems to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] In related technologies, the selection of fiber winding parameters mainly relies on empirical estimation or rough verification of a single constraint, which leads to mismatch between the equivalent spatial resolution of the pipeline and the optical performance of the system, confusion between the sampling requirements of acoustic vibration and temperature monitoring, difficulty in predicting fiber buckling failure caused by pipeline thermal shrinkage, lack of unified constraints when single-mode and multi-mode are mixed, and lack of scientific basis for the phase difference and axial offset of multi-wire winding.

[0027] This invention addresses the problems of "having a sensing structure but lacking a quantitative design method" and "lacking systematic design rules for multi-line winding" in the design of optical fiber winding parameters for intelligent pipelines. It proposes a pitch quantitative design method under optical-thermal-mechanical multi-field coupling constraints and constructs multi-line winding rules from single-line to four-line. The method provides quantitative expressions for optical resolution constraints, independent sampling constraints for acoustic vibration and temperature events, thermal shrinkage safety constraints, and bending loss constraints. It establishes criteria for the shortest circumferential phase difference and axial registration difference. Within the intersection of all hard constraints, it determines feasible pitches and outputs the initial phase of each line and production line control parameters, achieving a transition from empirical estimation to bounded quantitative design.

[0028] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes the fiber optic winding method, electronic equipment, and winding machine according to embodiments of the present invention.

[0029] In the following model, the duct within the calculation section is treated as a straight cylinder with a constant outer diameter, and the fiber centerline is treated as an ideal cylindrical helix located on the outer surface of the duct; the offset from the fiber centerline to the outer surface of the duct is denoted as . ,when It can be ignored when it is less than the preset approximate threshold. Each optical parameter, environmental correction factor, thermal shrinkage parameter, and allowable value should correspond to the same material batch, interface process, temperature range, and demodulation channel. Equation (1) is only applicable to systems that meet the pulse round-trip ranging assumption; when the demodulation equipment has given a measured or nominal independent spatial resolution, the independent spatial resolution shall be used first. The thermal shrinkage analysis adopts small strain and quasi-static conditions, and the interface strain transfer, reserved relaxation amount, and allowable compressive strain are calibrated by combined tests or experimentally verified finite element models.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a fiber optic winding method according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method can be executed by a control system consisting of a controller configured on the winding machine, a host computer connected to the winding machine, or both. Figure 1 Step S5 includes target value issuance, actual rotational speed and traction speed detection, actual pitch detection, and closed-loop adjustment based on actual pitch deviation.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the fiber optic cable winding method for pipes includes: S1 acquires system parameters, pipeline parameters, monitoring parameters, environmental parameters, and safety parameters.

[0032] The system parameters are set separately for each in-use sensor channel, and may include the single-mode fiber pulse width. Multimode fiber pulse width Effective refractive index of single-mode fiber core Equivalent refractive index of multimode fiber core Independent spatial resolution of single-mode fiber demodulation equipment Independent spatial resolution of multimode fiber demodulation equipment Minimum allowable bending radius of single-mode optical fiber Minimum allowable bending radius of multimode optical fiber Piping parameters may include the pipe's outer diameter. Offset from the center of the optical fiber to the outer surface of the pipe Axial contraction strain Circumferential contraction strain and pipe traction speed Monitoring parameters may include the equivalent spatial resolution of the target pipeline. Effective propagation length of acoustic vibration axis axial characteristic length of temperature anomaly Radial influence range of temperature anomalies Minimum number of samples for each event (or channel) and target line number Environmental parameters may include wall thickness correction factors. Medium correction factor Burial depth correction factor Safety parameters may include the thermal buckling safety factor. Interfacial strain transfer coefficient Reserve for relaxation strain and allowable compressive strain . and All are defined along the pipe axis. Defined radially, these three parameters must not be mixed. For example, production line parameters can also be obtained, which may include a second preset deviation threshold. .

[0033] It should be noted that in DTS and DAS (Distributed Acoustic Sensing), the single-mode fiber parameters and multimode fiber parameters in the above system parameters can be set independently. The two differ in physical mechanism, signal demodulation method and engineering application scenario. Therefore, their corresponding pulse width, fiber core refractive index, spatial resolution and minimum allowable bending radius, etc., can be configured separately according to their respective sensing principles and link characteristics.

[0034] In this embodiment, the above parameters can be determined according to the fiber optic winding requirements of the pipeline. The fiber optic winding requirements refer to a combination of any one or more of the following monitoring tasks: single-mode fiber winding (capable of acquiring acoustic or temperature signals), single-mode fiber winding (capable of acquiring temperature signals), mixed winding of one single-mode fiber and one multimode fiber (capable of acquiring both acoustic and temperature signals), multiple single-mode fiber winding (capable of acquiring acoustic and / or temperature signals), multiple multimode fiber winding (capable of acquiring temperature signals), and mixed winding of multiple single-mode fibers and multiple multimode fibers (capable of acquiring both acoustic and temperature signals). The parameters corresponding to different fiber optic winding requirements can be different. For example, when the fiber optic winding requirement is a single single-mode fiber winding for acquiring acoustic signals, the parameters may only include system parameters and monitoring parameters related to acoustic monitoring; when the fiber optic winding requirement is a single single-mode fiber winding for acquiring acoustic signals and a multimode fiber winding for acquiring temperature signals, then the parameters corresponding to both the acoustic and temperature monitoring systems, as well as the differentiated constraint parameters for each of the two fiber types, must be included simultaneously. Therefore, the selection of parameters is not fixed, but rather configured specifically according to the actual needs of the monitoring task.

[0035] Specifically, in some examples, when only temperature monitoring is required and single-mode fiber is used in single-wire winding, the system parameters include the DTS channel. , , and Pipeline parameters include , , , and Monitoring parameters include , , , and ,and Safety parameters include , , and The aforementioned shrinkage and interface parameters must be determined by testing or by a validated model of the same batch of pipes, cladding, and interface processes.

[0036] In other examples, when only temperature monitoring is required and multimode fiber single-strand winding is used, the system parameters include those corresponding to DTS. , , and The pipeline parameters, monitoring parameters, environmental parameters, and safety parameters are set according to the aforementioned single-line temperature monitoring example, wherein axial sampling adopts... Radial reachability adopts ,and .

[0037] In other examples, when acoustic vibration monitoring and temperature monitoring are deployed simultaneously, and a single-mode fiber and a multimode fiber are twisted together, the system parameters include the pulse width, effective refractive index, independent spatial resolution, and minimum allowable bending radius for the DAS and DTS channels, respectively; the pipe parameters include... , , , and Monitoring parameters include , , , Corresponding to each channel and ,and The optical and event sampling parameters for the two channels are calculated separately, while the directional thermal shrinkage parameters are uniformly checked for the same pitch.

[0038] S2. Based on system parameters, monitoring parameters, and pipeline parameters, establish optical spatial resolution constraints, physical influence range constraints for monitored events, and bending loss constraints respectively. Determine the optical constraint pitch based on the optical spatial resolution constraints, the physical constraint pitch based on the physical influence range constraints for monitored events, and the bending loss constraint pitch based on the bending loss constraints.

[0039] Specifically, this step mainly involves establishing optical spatial resolution constraints, independent sampling constraints for monitoring events, and bending loss constraints, and clarifying the conditions for each formula to hold and its domain.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, determining the optical constraint pitch includes: obtaining the multimode fiber spatial resolution based on the multimode fiber core equivalent refractive index and multimode fiber pulse width in the system parameters, and obtaining the multimode fiber optical constraint pitch based on the multimode fiber spatial resolution, the target pipe equivalent spatial resolution in the monitoring parameters, and the pipe outer diameter in the pipe parameters; obtaining the single-mode fiber spatial resolution based on the single-mode fiber core effective refractive index and single-mode fiber pulse width in the system parameters, and obtaining the single-mode fiber optical constraint pitch based on the single-mode fiber spatial resolution, the target pipe equivalent spatial resolution, and the pipe outer diameter; and taking the smaller value between the single-mode fiber optical constraint pitch and the multimode fiber optical constraint pitch as the final optical constraint pitch.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, determining the physical constraint pitch includes: based on the pipe outer diameter and the axial characteristic length of the temperature anomaly. The minimum number of samplings and independent spatial resolution of the temperature channel are used to obtain the temperature-constrained theoretical pitch; based on the pipe outer diameter and the effective axial propagation length of the acoustic signal... The minimum number of samplings and independent spatial resolution of the acoustic vibration channel are used to obtain the theoretical pitch of the acoustic vibration constraint. Radial influence range of temperature anomalies. It is also used for radial reachability verification, but is not substituted into the axial sampling formula.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present invention, determining the bending loss constraint pitch includes: taking the larger value between the minimum allowable bending radius of single-mode fiber and the minimum allowable bending radius of multimode fiber in the system parameters as the unified minimum allowable bending radius for the hybrid fiber configuration; when the ratio of the unified minimum allowable bending radius to the outer diameter of the pipe is greater than or equal to a first preset ratio threshold, the bending loss constraint pitch is obtained based on the unified minimum allowable bending radius and the outer diameter of the pipe.

[0043] S3. Based on the axial shrinkage strain and circumferential shrinkage strain in the pipeline parameters and the safety parameters, the safe range of directional thermal shrinkage is obtained. Based on the safe range of directional thermal shrinkage and the optical constraint pitch, physical constraint pitch and bending loss constraint pitch, the feasible pitch range is obtained.

[0044] Specifically, this step mainly involves establishing a safe range for directional thermal shrinkage based on the axial shrinkage strain, circumferential shrinkage strain, interface transfer, reserved relaxation, and allowable compressive strain parameters of the pipeline. The intersection of this range with constraints related to optics, event sampling, bending loss, and production line capacity is then used to obtain a feasible pitch range. In other words, by superimposing thermal shrinkage safety constraints and bending loss constraints, all hard constraints are applied to the same pitch to determine the feasible pitch range.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present invention, the directional thermal shrinkage safety range is determined based on the relationship between the effective shrinkage strain in the direction of the helical fiber and the pitch, and is used to limit the feasible range of the temperature-constrained theoretical pitch and the acoustic vibration-constrained theoretical pitch. The effective shrinkage strain is obtained based on the axial shrinkage strain, the circumferential shrinkage strain, and the interface strain transfer coefficient and the reserved relaxation strain in the safety parameters. Moreover, the effective shrinkage strain corresponding to any pitch within the directional thermal shrinkage safety range meets the requirements of the allowable compressive strain and the thermal buckling safety factor in the safety parameters.

[0046] The directional thermal shrinkage safety constraint range includes: the upper limit of the thermal constraint temperature pitch obtained by applying thermal shrinkage safety constraint to the theoretical pitch of temperature constraint, and the upper limit of the thermal constraint acoustic vibration pitch obtained by applying thermal shrinkage safety constraint to the theoretical pitch of acoustic vibration constraint.

[0047] S4. Using environmental parameters, select the actual landing pitch of the project within the feasible pitch range, and obtain the target rotation speed of the winding machine based on the actual landing pitch of the project and the pipe traction speed in the pipe parameters.

[0048] S5, when the number of target lines in the monitoring parameters is greater than or equal to 2, determine the target laying sequence and the initial phase difference of each winding line, and control the winding machine to wind the optical fiber according to the actual landing pitch, target speed, target laying sequence and the initial phase difference of each winding line.

[0049] Specifically, steps S4 and S5 mainly involve using environmental parameters to generate candidate pitches and projecting them onto the feasible pitch range to obtain the actual landing pitch of the project; obtaining the target rotation speed based on the actual landing pitch of the project and the pipe traction speed; and determining the laying sequence and winding start phase in a multi-line scenario.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present invention, to address the need for acquiring temperature signals using multimode fiber winding, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the actual pitch of the bolts in the project is obtained, including: S21. Based on the equivalent refractive index of the multimode fiber core and the pulse width of the multimode fiber in the system parameters, the spatial resolution of the multimode fiber is obtained.

[0051] S22. Based on the multimode fiber spatial resolution, the equivalent spatial resolution of the target pipe in the monitoring parameters, and the pipe outer diameter in the pipe parameters, the multimode fiber optical constraint pitch is obtained.

[0052] S23. Based on the pipe outer diameter, the axial characteristic length of the temperature anomaly, the minimum number of samplings in the temperature channel, and the independent spatial resolution of the multimode fiber demodulation equipment, the temperature-constrained theoretical pitch is obtained.

[0053] In this step, the following can be utilized The radial reachability of the temperature anomaly was checked separately.

[0054] S24. Based on the multimode fiber optical constraint pitch, temperature constraint theoretical pitch, directional thermal shrinkage safety range, and bending loss constraint pitch, the feasible pitch range of the temperature channel is obtained.

[0055] The bending loss constraint pitch is obtained based on the minimum allowable bending radius of the multimode fiber and the outer diameter of the pipe.

[0056] Specifically, the finite upper limit of multimode fiber optics (i.e., multimode fiber optic constrained pitch), the finite upper limit of temperature axial sampling (i.e., temperature constrained theoretical pitch), the safe range of directional thermal shrinkage, the lower limit of bending (i.e., bending loss constrained pitch), and the production line capability boundary are applied to the same pitch to obtain the feasible pitch range of the temperature channel.

[0057] S25, using environmental parameters to determine the actual pitch of the screw in the project within the feasible pitch range of the temperature channel.

[0058] Specifically, this can be done by generating candidate pitches based on the upper limit of the feasible pitch range of the temperature channel and environmental parameters, projecting the candidate pitches onto the feasible domain formed by optics, sampling, heat shrinkage, bending and production line capabilities, and obtaining the actual pitch to be implemented in the project.

[0059] In other embodiments of the present invention, to meet the requirement of acquiring temperature signals using single-mode fiber winding, the parameters involving multimode fiber in steps S21 to S25 above can be replaced with parameters involving single-mode fiber. Similarly, to meet the requirement of acquiring acoustic vibration signals using single-mode fiber winding, the parameters involving multimode fiber and temperature in steps S21 to S25 above can be replaced with parameters involving single-mode fiber and acoustic vibration.

[0060] In some other embodiments of the present invention, to address the need for acquiring acoustic vibration signals and temperature signals using a hybrid winding of single-mode and multi-mode optical fibers, such as... Figure 3 As shown, based on the above steps S21 to S24, the actual landing pitch of the project is obtained, which also includes: S31. Based on the effective refractive index of the single-mode fiber core and the single-mode fiber pulse width in the system parameters, the spatial resolution of the single-mode fiber is obtained.

[0061] S32, based on the single-mode fiber spatial resolution, the target pipe equivalent spatial resolution, and the pipe outer diameter, the single-mode fiber optical constraint pitch is obtained.

[0062] S33, take the smaller value between the single-mode fiber optical constraint pitch and the multimode fiber optical constraint pitch as the final optical constraint pitch.

[0063] S34. Based on the pipe outer diameter, the minimum number of samplings in the acoustic vibration channel, the independent spatial resolution of the single-mode fiber demodulation equipment, and the effective axial propagation length of the acoustic vibration signal in the monitoring parameters, the theoretical pitch of the acoustic vibration constraint is obtained.

[0064] S35. Based on the final optical constraint pitch, the acoustic vibration constraint theoretical pitch, the directional thermal shrinkage safety range, and the bending loss constraint pitch, the feasible pitch range of the acoustic vibration channel is obtained.

[0065] The bending loss constraint pitch is obtained based on the larger of the minimum allowable bending radius of single-mode fiber and the minimum allowable bending radius of multimode fiber, and the outer diameter of the pipe.

[0066] Specifically, by applying the upper limit of the acoustic vibration axial sampling finite, the upper limit of the final optical finite, and the safe range of directional thermal shrinkage to the same pitch, a feasible pitch range for the acoustic vibration channel is obtained.

[0067] S36. Based on the feasible pitch range of the temperature channel and the feasible pitch range of the acoustic vibration channel, a comprehensive feasible pitch range is obtained.

[0068] Specifically, the lower limits of all acoustic vibration channels, temperature channels, bending losses, and production line capabilities are increased, and the upper limits of all finite parameters are decreased to obtain a comprehensive feasible pitch range; when the lower limit is greater than the upper limit, the current parameter combination is output as having no feasible solution.

[0069] S37, using environmental parameters to select the actual landing pitch of the project within the comprehensive feasible pitch range.

[0070] Specifically, this can be done by generating candidate pitches based on the upper limit of the comprehensive feasible pitch range and environmental parameters, projecting the candidate pitches onto the feasible domain (i.e., the comprehensive feasible pitch range) formed by optics, sampling, heat shrinkage, bending, and production line capabilities, and obtaining the actual pitch to be implemented in the project.

[0071] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, the sensing system begins with Φ-OTDR technology. The system emits probe light pulses into the optical fiber, the pulse width being... The unit (ns) determines the positioning accuracy along the length of the optical fiber.

[0072] The spatial length of the optical pulse in the optical fiber is However, because Φ-OTDR utilizes backscattering and round-trip propagation (the light pulse must return to the detector after being emitted), the actual spatial resolution is half of the aforementioned length. Furthermore, the speed of light in the optical fiber needs to be divided by the effective refractive index of the fiber core. Therefore, the spatial resolution of the optical fiber along its own length is: (1) in, The speed of light in a vacuum Let be the effective refractive index of the corresponding fiber channel. Equation (1) gives the theoretical spatial resolution along the fiber path when the pulse round-trip ranging assumption is satisfied: the multimode channel adopts and Single-mode channel adopts and If the independent spatial resolution of the demodulation equipment is also limited by pulse shaping, receiving bandwidth, metering length, or equipment processing algorithm, then the measured or nominal value of the equipment shall be used as the standard value. Sampling intervals must not be used to replace independent spatial resolution.

[0073] like Figure 4 As shown, when an optical fiber is helically wound with a pitch P (in meters) around a pipe with an outer diameter D (in meters), the spatial resolution of the fiber along the helical path needs to be mapped onto the pipe's axial direction to be converted into the actual positioning capability of the monitoring system. Therefore, as... Figure 5As shown, the single-turn spiral is unfolded into a plane right-angled triangle: the horizontal right-angled side - the axial distance of the pipe is P (i.e., the pitch, the distance traveled axially in one turn), the vertical right-angled side - the circumference of the unfolded pipe is πD, and the hypotenuse - the actual path length of the optical fiber within the single turn is... .

[0074] When the arc length of the optical fiber along the helical path reaches its spatial resolution When the arc length is projected onto the axial direction of the pipe, the equivalent spatial resolution of the pipe is obtained. ,like Figure 6 As shown. According to the proportional relationship of similar triangles (the ratio of the projected length to the hypotenuse length is equal to the ratio of the axial length of the right-angled side to the hypotenuse length): (2) To ensure that every location along the pipeline can be distinguished by the system, the following must be met: (3) in, The equivalent spatial resolution of the target pipeline is set by the user according to the monitoring scenario requirements (for example, if the requirement for leak point location is 1.0m, then this value is 1.0). By combining equations (2) and (3), the maximum allowable pitch under optical constraints that meets the target resolution requirements is obtained by inverse solution. : (4) The finite value condition for equation (4) is: .when When, equation (2) applies to any All meet Therefore, this channel does not produce a finite upper limit to the optical pitch, which can be denoted as... Instead of determining that there are no real solutions, it does not.

[0075] When calculating the optical constraint pitch of multimode fiber When, in equation (4) For multimode fiber spatial resolution ,Right now When calculating the constrained pitch of a single-mode fiber optic cable... When, in equation (4) For single-mode fiber spatial resolution ,Right now For cases involving the mixed winding of single-mode and multimode fibers, the following approach is taken: and The smaller value in the range is used as the final optical constraint pitch. ,Right now This is used for subsequent processing. Of course, for cases where single-mode fiber is wound into a single strand, As the final optical constraint pitch; for the case of using single-wire winding of multimode fiber, As the final optical constraint pitch.

[0076] The fiber winding pitch alters the number of independently resolved units per unit axial length of the pipe. This invention employs an engineering constraint of "no less than the minimum number of samples within the characteristic axial length of the event"; this constraint is used for multi-point cross-validation and does not include... or It is directly equivalent to the Nyquist wavelength of a strictly band-limited signal.

[0077] The DAS system monitors acoustic and vibration signals generated by pipeline leaks or third-party construction. The effective propagation distance of these signals within the pipe wall and surrounding medium (i.e., the range of propagation before the signal strength attenuates below the detectable threshold) is... (Unit: meters, typical value: 5–30 meters). To measure the length... Complete at least within the scope Sub-independent sampling ( ≥3 (used for multi-point cross-verification to avoid single-point misjudgment), it is necessary to ensure that there are enough spiral turns within this range.

[0078] Each spiral rotation corresponds to the axial length of the pipe. , The number of laps within the range is The length of a single spiral is The demodulation device has an independent spatial resolution of 1000 m / s. (Unit: meters, positioning accuracy). Minimum requirement: Sub-independent sampling, i.e.: .

[0079] when At that time, the finite maximum permissible pitch under acoustic vibration constraint (theoretical pitch under acoustic vibration constraint) is obtained. )for: (5) when hour, Lower bound of independent sampling number when approaching infinity Not less than This sampling constraint is automatically satisfied, does not generate a finite pitch upper limit, and can be recorded. This situation must not be described as unsolvable.

[0080] The DTS system monitors localized temperature anomalies caused by leaks. Unlike acoustic and vibration signals, the effects of temperature anomalies attenuate radially in the adjacent medium. Measured data show that significant temperature changes can be observed 100 mm directly above the leak point, while those beyond 200 mm are barely detectable, with a typical range of 0.1–2.0 m.

[0081] The distance of temperature anomaly propagation along the pipeline axis Determined by the heat conduction equation and the properties of the medium, its influence range is typically much smaller than the radial range. In winding pitch design, only the axial characteristic length... Directly related to sampling constraints, radial influence range Used to determine whether a temperature anomaly can be covered by a single turn of the screw, it is not included in the dimensional composition of the pitch formula.

[0082] when At that time, following the same independent sampling principle as acoustic and vibration constraints, temperature constraints generate a finite maximum permissible pitch (theoretical pitch of temperature constraints). ): (6) when At that time, the lower limit of the number of independent samples within the axial characteristic length of the temperature event. Not less than This sampling constraint is automatically satisfied, does not generate a finite pitch upper limit, and can be recorded. Only in When using the finite value of equation (6).

[0083] This is only used to determine whether a temperature anomaly can reach the fiber optic location radially and for heat transfer model verification; it is not directly substituted into the axial pitch sampling formula. If the effective radial distance between the fiber optic cable and the temperature anomaly source is greater than... The sensor layer position, heat transfer parameters, or monitoring scheme should be adjusted, rather than replacing radial reachability verification by increasing the length of a single spiral turn.

[0084] The sizes of the two finite upper limits obtained from equations (5) and (6) depend on , Corresponding channels and Temperature constraints or acoustic / vibration constraints can both become control limits, and it is not assumed in advance that temperature constraints will necessarily be more stringent.

[0085] During the PE pipe outer coating and cooling process, the axial and circumferential contraction of the pipe is transmitted to the helical optical fiber via the interface. Let the effective winding diameter be... , The angle between the fiber optic helix and the pipe axis Under conditions of small strain, quasi-static behavior, and an interface transfer coefficient that can be considered constant within the verification interval, the effective compressive strain in the fiber direction is: (7) in, and These represent the axial and circumferential contraction strains of the pipeline, calculated as positive values. The interfacial strain transfer coefficient and , To allow for relaxation strain, .by As a safety criterion, the following definition is provided: (8) when At that time, if The heat shrinkage constraint is automatically satisfied for positive pitch; if To form a limited upper limit ;like There is no feasible solution with positive pitch. At that time, if This constraint is automatically satisfied; if , forming a finite lower limit ;like There is no feasible solution with finite positive pitch. At that time, it is only necessary to compare the common strain with The two types of finite boundaries are: (9) The inputs for equations (7) to (9) must come from tests or verified models under the same pipe batch, coating temperature range, interface process, and winding tension conditions. If a segmented fixed-slip / release interface is used, the fixed point spacing and release section length should also be used as process inputs; the “greater than 50 mm” mentioned in the analysis report can only be used as the initial value for the first round of tests, and the final value should be determined by the combined sample or actual pipe test, and should not be used as a general constant.

[0086] For each channel in use, the event sampling limit, optical finite limit, and Take the smaller value, and get the following: and For channels that do not exist, their upper limit is ignored; when thermal shrinkage does not produce a finite upper limit, it is taken as... Let the lower and upper limits of the production line capacity be respectively... and ,but: (10) in, Indicates the bending loss constraint pitch. Only when There exists a feasible pitch range. Otherwise, output conflict constraints, boundary values, and differences.

[0087] Reference pitch (The upper limit of the feasible pitch range) is a theoretical value calculated under standard operating conditions. In actual engineering, the pipe wall thickness (characterized by the SDR value), the laying environment medium (soft soil / clay / hard rock, etc.), and the burial depth all affect the coupling efficiency between the optical fiber and the pipe wall, as well as the signal propagation attenuation. Therefore, this embodiment of the invention introduces three dimensionless correction coefficients: 1) Wall thickness correction factor The thicker the pipe wall, the more significant the difference in cooling rate between the inner and outer walls and the greater the residual stress, requiring a smaller pitch; thin-walled pipes cool more evenly, so the pitch can be appropriately increased. 2) Medium correction factor Soft soil has a greater attenuation effect on sound and vibration, so the pitch can be reduced; hard rock has a smaller attenuation effect, so the pitch can be appropriately widened. 3) Burial depth correction coefficient The greater the burial depth, the more significant the signal attenuation, requiring a reduction in pitch; however, if the burial depth is too shallow, it will be affected by surface activity noise, so the pitch also needs to be appropriately reduced at extremely shallow burial depths.

[0088] The above coefficients , , These initial values ​​are for similar pipe materials, interface processes, and laying environments. Before use, they should be calibrated by measured signal-to-noise ratio, coupling efficiency, or control tests, and the applicable materials, value ranges, and error ranges should be recorded. For continuous intervals not listed, linear interpolation between adjacent calibrated nodes should be used, without extrapolation across material systems. Some initial values ​​are shown in Table 1 below: Table 1

[0089] Candidate pitch obtained from environmental parameters And the actual pitch of the projected projectiles. for: (11) Equation (11) only uses environmental parameters to generate candidate values ​​and does not allow them to change the hard constraint boundaries. This yields... Next, the optical resolution, event sampling, thermal shrinkage strain, bending curvature, production line capacity, and multi-line phase should be checked sequentially. If any one of these conditions is not met, no results can be output. .

[0090] Actual pitch of the bolts in the project Once determined, the target rotational speed of the winding machine is... for: (12) in, The unit is m / min. The unit is m / rev, therefore The unit is rev / min, i.e., rpm. If the controller uses angular velocity, then The unit is rad / s; the value of equation (12) must not be directly marked as rad / s.

[0091] Optionally, the helix angle can also be calculated. (Angle between the fiber optic helix and the pipe axis): The unit is °, provided for process engineers' reference.

[0092] After obtaining the actual landing pitch, target speed, laying sequence, and winding start phase of the project, the actual landing pitch, target speed, laying sequence, and winding start phase of the project are sent to the winding machine. The actual speed, actual traction speed, and actual pitch are detected, and the winding speed and / or traction speed are adjusted in a closed loop according to the actual pitch deviation. The execution results are recorded.

[0093] In some embodiments of the present invention, the target laying sequence is determined based on the target number of lines and the type of optical fiber to be laid, monitoring function, and primary / backup attribute in the monitoring parameters.

[0094] Specifically, the laying order is determined according to the principle of "primary use first, backup second; single-mode precedes multimode under the same primary / backup attribute." Therefore, the four-wire configuration order is: Line 1 single-mode primary, Line 2 multimode primary, Line 3 single-mode backup, Line 4 multimode backup. This order is used for process management and channel identification, and is not based on the unverified premise that "multimode fiber necessarily causes physical interference to single-mode fiber."

[0095] For example, when the target number of lines is 2, configured as 1 single-mode + 1 multimode, the target laying order is determined as follows: Line 1 is laid with single-mode fiber (primary DAS), Line 2 is laid with multimode fiber (primary DTS); when the target number of lines is 3, configured as 1 single-mode + 2 multimode, the target laying order is determined as follows: Line 1 is laid with single-mode fiber (primary DAS), Line 2 is laid with multimode fiber (primary DTS), Line 3 is laid with multimode fiber (backup DTS); when the target number of lines is 4, configured as 2 single-mode + 2 multimode, the target laying order is determined as follows: Line 1 is laid with single-mode fiber (primary DAS), Line 2 is laid with multimode fiber (primary DTS), Line 3 is laid with single-mode fiber (backup DAS), Line 4 is laid with multimode fiber (backup DTS).

[0096] When using multi-line winding ( When the initial phase of each line is used to describe the spatial distribution and axial registration relationship on the same pipe cross-section, it does not directly represent the arrival time difference of different demodulation channels. Time synchronization of different monitoring channels is achieved by a common time reference or timestamp.

[0097] To achieve uniform spatial sensing coverage, the initial phase difference of each line is uniformly distributed at equal angles: (13) in, The initial deflection angle of the j-th line relative to the 1st line (the 1st line) This principle ensures that the lines are evenly distributed across the pipe cross-section, minimizing blind spots.

[0098] To ensure that the optical fibers do not overlap or interfere with each other too closely in the circumferential direction of the conduit during multi-wire winding, the circumferential phase difference between any two optical fibers needs to be forcibly constrained. The shortest circumferential phase difference between fiber i and fiber j is defined as: This refers to the smaller of the angles between clockwise and counterclockwise directions, reflecting the shortest distance between the two optical fibers along the circumference of the pipe cross-section. The physical laying order of each line must follow the following priority: single-mode fiber (carrying DAS acoustic vibration, high-frequency signal attenuation is fast, and high requirements are made for pipe wall coupling) should be laid first to ensure the tightest contact with the pipe wall; multimode fiber (carrying DTS temperature, the signal is relatively robust) should be laid next; and redundant backup fiber should be laid last.

[0099] After determining the actual landing pitch, target speed, target laying sequence, and initial phase difference of each winding thread, the winding machine performs the winding operation as follows: First, the corresponding type of optical fiber is installed sequentially at each winding station according to the target laying sequence. After the winding machine is started, it operates stably at the target speed, and the tube moves at a uniform speed at the set traction speed, so that the optical fiber is spirally wound along the surface of the tube with the actual landing pitch of the project.

[0100] For controlling the initial phase difference of each winding thread, after the winding machine completes the initial fixing of the first fiber, it determines the initial phase difference of each thread based on the corresponding initial phase difference. After shifting the fiber optic cables by the corresponding angles in sequence along the circumference of the pipe, the starting ends of the second, third, ..., m-th fiber optic cables are fixed. Then, the winding stations are started synchronously to ensure that multiple optical fibers are evenly distributed along the circumference on the same pipe cross section.

[0101] During the winding process, the speed encoder obtains the actual rotational speed. The traction speed measurement unit obtains the actual traction speed. The actual pitch is obtained by a pitch detection unit consisting of machine vision, a displacement encoder, or a combination of both. Controller calculation :when When, increase the winding speed and / or decrease the traction speed; when At that time, reduce the winding speed and / or increase the traction speed until... If convergence fails within the preset number of adjustments, or if tension exceeds limits, fiber slippage occurs, or the detection signal fails, the machine will stop and output an abnormal value. The theoretical target value will not be used to replace the actual detection value for verification.

[0102] Of course, when the target number of lines is equal to 1, it is not necessary to determine the target laying sequence and the starting phase difference of each winding line. The winding machine can be controlled to wind the optical fiber directly according to the actual landing pitch and target speed of the project.

[0103] In some embodiments of the present invention, controlling the winding machine to wind optical fiber according to the actual landing pitch and target rotation speed includes: controlling the actual rotation speed of the winding machine to follow the target rotation speed, and ensuring that the deviation between the actual winding pitch and the actual landing pitch does not exceed a second preset deviation threshold.

[0104] In single-thread winding scenarios, the same method is used. , and A closed loop is formed; the target speed is only the initial control variable, and the execution is considered qualified only when the actual pitch reaches the preset deviation threshold. The elimination of multi-line phase calculation does not mean that actual pitch detection is cancelled.

[0105] Therefore, this embodiment of the invention obtains a feasible pitch that satisfies hard constraints through multi-dimensional input and calculates the target rotational speed based on the traction speed; it determines the laying sequence, shortest circumferential phase difference, and axial registration difference in multi-line scenarios; and it performs closed-loop correction using actual rotational speed, actual traction speed, and actual pitch during the production stage. This method yields a solution that satisfies preset constraints and tolerances, without representing environmental empirical coefficients or uncalibrated models as globally optimal results.

[0106] In some embodiments of the present invention, before selecting the actual landing pitch of the project within the feasible pitch range using environmental parameters, the method further includes: determining that the reference pitch is greater than or equal to the bending loss constraint pitch. The first preset ratio threshold may be 1 / 2.

[0107] It should be noted that, for cases involving only single-mode fiber winding, the minimum allowable bending radius of the single-mode fiber is used to update the reference pitch; for cases involving only multimode fiber winding, the minimum allowable bending radius of the multimode fiber is used to update the reference pitch. Specifically, the update method is to replace the aforementioned uniform minimum allowable bending radius with either the minimum allowable bending radius of the single-mode fiber or the minimum allowable bending radius of the multimode fiber.

[0108] Specifically, let ,in The offset from the center of the optical fiber to the outer surface of the conduit. The radius of curvature of the ideal cylindrical helix. (Unit: m) is: (14) Equation (14) is the analytical result of the radius of curvature of the centerline of an ideal cylindrical helix. Only when... Only when the value is less than a preset approximate threshold can it be taken. It is then transformed into the original pipe diameter expression; this model does not approximate a single-turn spiral as a planar circular arc.

[0109] Different types of optical fibers have their own minimum permissible bending radius. (For single-mode G.652, the thickness is 30mm; for multi-mode 62.5 / 125μm, it is 15~20mm; the larger value is used for mixed configurations). Physical constraints are: (15) Specifically, for the case of only single-mode fiber winding... Take the minimum allowable bending radius of single-mode fiber For cases involving only multimode fiber winding, Minimum allowable bending radius of multimode fiber For cases involving the mixed winding of single-mode and multimode optical fibers, Pick and Larger value in .

[0110] Substituting equation (14) into equation (15) and deriving in reverse, we obtain the bending loss constraint pitch (if the pitch is too small, the bending will be more severe, the radius of curvature will be smaller, and it may be lower than...). ): (16) like Figure 7 As shown, when When, equation (16) produces a positive lower limit for bending constraint; when At this point, the radius of the pipe itself is no less than the minimum allowable bending radius, and the bending constraint does not produce a positive lower limit for the pitch. This can be recorded as... .

[0111] The reference pitch must simultaneously satisfy the lower bending limit constraint. Determine whether the following equation (17) holds true: (17) If the minimum value among all finite upper limits is not less than If so, then continue to determine candidate pitches within the feasible region; if If the value is greater than the minimum among all finite upper limits, then the current parameter combination has no feasible solution, and the conflict constraints and boundary differences are output. Modifying the pipe outer diameter, target resolution, or other fixed inputs should be treated as a new parameter combination and solved again, without implicitly changing the design objective in the same round of calculation.

[0112] In some embodiments of the present invention, before obtaining the target rotational speed of the winding machine based on the actual landing pitch of the project and the pipe traction speed in the pipe parameters, the method further includes: taking the larger value between the multimode fiber spatial resolution and the single-mode fiber spatial resolution as the correction fiber spatial resolution; obtaining the corrected equivalent spatial resolution of the pipe based on the correction fiber spatial resolution, the actual landing pitch of the project, and the outer diameter of the pipe; and determining that the corrected equivalent spatial resolution of the pipe is less than or equal to the target equivalent spatial resolution of the pipe, and the deviation does not exceed a first preset deviation threshold.

[0113] Specifically, engineering modifications may change the pitch, therefore it is necessary to... Substitute back into equation (2) and recalculate the corrected actual equivalent spatial resolution of the pipeline: (18) Specifically, this applies to the case of mixed single-mode and multimode fiber winding. Pick and The larger value in the range.

[0114] Test conditions: (19) The deviation does not exceed the first preset deviation threshold, such as 10%.

[0115] If the verification fails, first project the candidate pitches onto the existing feasible set and verify each one; if the feasible set is empty, output no feasible solution and conflict boundaries. Only after the designer confirms the change... , Once fixed inputs such as pipeline specifications or material processes are obtained, a new round of solution is started, without arbitrarily lowering empirical coefficients or relaxing the target to passively "pass" the original result.

[0116] In some embodiments, calculations can be performed separately. and The verification process was conducted, requiring both to meet the objectives.

[0117] In some embodiments of the present invention, the method further includes: obtaining the axial offset of each winding line based on the initial phase difference of each winding line and the actual landing pitch of the project; when the ratio of the axial offset of any winding line to the equivalent spatial resolution of the target pipeline in the monitoring parameters is greater than or equal to a second preset ratio threshold, performing a step search within a preset angle range, re-determining the initial phase difference of each winding line, and re-determining the axial offset of each winding line, until the ratio of the axial offset of each winding line to the equivalent spatial resolution of the target pipeline in the monitoring parameters is less than the second preset ratio threshold; when the step search within the preset angle range is complete, and there is still a ratio of the axial offset of any winding line to the equivalent spatial resolution of the target pipeline in the monitoring parameters that is greater than or equal to the second preset ratio threshold, adjusting at least one of the environmental parameters and the minimum sampling number in the monitoring parameters, re-determining the initial phase difference of each winding line, and re-determining the axial offset of each winding line, until the ratio of the axial offset of each winding line to the equivalent spatial resolution of the target pipeline in the monitoring parameters is less than the second preset ratio threshold.

[0118] Specifically, such as Figure 8 As shown, the initial phase of the bilinear phase can be 0° or 180°; as Figure 9 As shown, the initial phase of the four lines can be 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°. The shortest circumferential phase difference between the line and the first line is The corresponding axial registration difference is: (20) Equation (20) uses the shorter circumferential distance between the clockwise and counterclockwise directions. Therefore, the shortest phase difference between 0° and 270° is 90°, corresponding to an axial phase difference of... It must not be calculated as 270°. .

[0119] To enable spatial correlation of data from different monitoring channels within the same axial resolution unit, the axial registration difference between each line can be less than a certain proportion of the target resolution (a second preset ratio threshold, such as 0.1): (twenty one) If the criterion is not met, a non-equiangular phase can be searched within a preset allowable angle range; if the criterion is still not met after the search, the output phase configuration has no feasible solution. When it is necessary to change the fixed input, a new parameter combination should be established and recalculated. The phase criterion only constrains the spatial registration and does not replace the time synchronization of the demodulation channel.

[0120] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 7 As shown, the fiber optic cable winding method for pipes includes: Step 1: Input system parameters, pipeline parameters, monitoring parameters, environmental parameters, safety parameters, and production line parameters.

[0121] Step 2: Calculate the spatial resolution of the optical fiber and establish optical constraints, and establish independent sampling constraints for acoustic vibration and temperature events.

[0122] Step 3: Calculate the safe range of directional thermal shrinkage according to equations (7) to (9).

[0123] Step 4: Find the intersection of the lower bending limit, the thermal shrinkage boundary, the upper limit of optical and event sampling, and the production line capability boundary.

[0124] Step 5: Generate candidate pitches using environmental parameters and project them onto the feasible region of all hard constraints.

[0125] Step 6: Perform a full constraint verification of the actual pitch of the screw in the project, including optical, sampling, heat shrinkage, bending, and production line capabilities.

[0126] Step 7: Verify the phase difference of the shortest circumference of the multi-line and the axial registration difference (only when...) (Execute at the time).

[0127] Step 8: Determine the laying sequence and calculate the target rotation speed and helix angle.

[0128] Step 9: Perform directional thermal shrinkage strain / stress simulation or combined test verification; Step 10: After verification, the target value is issued, the actual rotational speed, traction speed and pitch are detected, and closed-loop adjustment is performed based on the pitch deviation; alarm and shutdown are triggered when the limit is continuously exceeded or abnormality is detected.

[0129] Specifically, for the same batch of materials and interface processes... , , and A finite element model of fiber-pipe-cladding layer was established as input; the boundary conditions were consistent with the axial degrees of freedom, circumferential continuity, and interface contact state of the actual pipe section, and mesh convergence verification was performed. The maximum von Mises stress of the fiber layer was calculated. Alternatively, failure criteria obtained from combined sample tests can be used for verification.

[0130] like And obtained through validation models or combined experiments If the thermal shrinkage check is passed, then the thermal shrinkage check is passed. , Material constitutive and interface parameters must correspond to the current model or test object; allowable values ​​from other material systems must not be mixed. If the verification fails, only adjust the candidate pitch values, reserved relaxation amounts, or interface release sections that allow for process changes, and then recalculate and verify all constraints.

[0131] After verification, Starting phase of each line, target laying sequence, and The data is sent to the winding machine controller. The controller drives the winding and traction mechanisms and receives measured values ​​from the speed encoder, traction speed measuring unit, and pitch detection unit. Closed-loop correction of winding speed and / or traction speed; after the actual pitch continuously meets the preset deviation threshold, the measured deviation is recorded and the qualified result is output.

[0132] To facilitate understanding, the fiber optic cable winding method of this invention is illustrated below through three examples: Example 1: Single-line temperature monitoring, DN200 pipeline Scenario Description: A municipal PE pipeline with specification DN200 needs to be monitored for temperature anomalies caused by leakage. A DTS single-parameter system is used, with a target pipeline equivalent spatial resolution of 1 meter.

[0133] Step 1: Input parameters Pipeline parameters: , The effect on diameter is negligible. ;Exemplary calibration values ​​are used to demonstrate the calculation of equations (7) to (9). , , , , When implementing, replace the calibration value with the combined sample from the same batch.

[0134] System parameters: , , , ; Monitoring parameters: , , ; The radial heat transfer test from the temperature source to the fiber optic location will be checked separately.

[0135] Environmental parameters: SDR11 ( =1.0), clay Buried at a depth of 2m ; Safety parameters: From equation (8), we get Therefore, the thermal shrinkage constraint in this example is automatically satisfied for positive pitch, and we take... , .

[0136] Step 2: Calculation of fiber resolution and optical constraints

[0137]

[0138] Step 3: Temperature constraint; single-parameter monitoring does not require calculation of acoustic and vibration constraints.

[0139] Step 4: Superimpose directional thermal shrinkage safety zones

[0140] Step 5: Fiber bending loss verification

[0141] Bending constraints do not produce a positive lower bound. Assuming the production line capacity covers this value, then... , .

[0142] Step 6: Calculate the actual pitch using engineering correction factors.

[0143] Step 7: Equivalent resolution closed-loop verification

[0144] Deviation < 0.1%, qualified.

[0145] Step 8: Fiber optic cable deployment quantity m=1, skip multi-line phase offset calculation. Step 9: Calculation of production line equipment parameters

[0146] Step 10: Thermal Shrinkage Strain / Stress Check Calculate according to formula (7) ,but The strain criterion was passed. Figure 11 The 0.23 MPa value is the equivalent value of the 0.13 MPa shear stress in the release section of the additional analysis, converted according to the pure shear assumption, and cannot be directly applied to this example. If the stress criterion is used, a model or combination specimen with the same pitch, interface, temperature history and analysis length as this example should be established separately.

[0147] Conclusion: The single-line DTS scheme using multimode fiber satisfies the constraints.

[0148] Example 2: Dual-line hybrid monitoring, DN200 pipeline, high precision Scenario Description: A municipal gas PE pipeline of DN200 is simultaneously equipped with DAS acoustic vibration monitoring and DTS temperature monitoring, using a dual-line hybrid deployment. One single-mode fiber is mainly used to collect acoustic vibration signals, and one multi-mode fiber is mainly used to collect temperature signals. The design target pipeline equivalent spatial resolution is 0.5 meters.

[0149] Step 1: Input parameters Pipeline parameters: Same as Example 1; System parameters: , , , , , ; Monitoring parameters: , The acoustic vibration and temperature channels are taken separately. , The two channels each use their own independent spatial resolution.

[0150] The remaining parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0151] Step 2: Optical confinement (hybrid)

[0152]

[0153]

[0154]

[0155]

[0156] Step 3: Acoustic Vibration and Temperature Constraints Acoustic vibration channel has Therefore, the acoustic vibration sampling constraint is automatically satisfied. .

[0157]

[0158] Step 4: Heat shrinkage superposition

[0159]

[0160] Step 5: Bending Loss Verification Mixed ,have

[0161] Bending constraints do not produce a positive lower bound. Assuming the production line capacity covers this value, then... , .

[0162] Steps 6-7: Correction coefficients and resolution verification

[0163] Step 8: Calculation of phase difference and axial offset between the two lines

[0164]

[0165]

[0166] Criterion 1.54cm≤5cm is satisfied.

[0167] Step 9: Fiber optic cable laying sequence and production line parameters Line 1 is single-mode (primarily used by DAS), and line 2 is multi-mode (primarily used by DTS).

[0168]

[0169] Step 10: Thermal Shrinkage Strain / Stress Check Calculated using the same exemplary shrinkage and interface parameters as in Example 1. If the strain criterion is passed, the winding tension, coating process, or interface fixing method is changed, then recalibration is required.

[0170] Conclusion: The actual landing pitch of the double-thread hybrid winding project is 3.08cm, and the equivalent spatial resolution of the two in-use channels meets the target of 0.5m. The axial registration difference of 1.54cm is less than 5cm, and spatial correlation can be performed within the same axial resolution unit. Time synchronization is achieved by a common time reference.

[0171] Example 3: Four-wire full redundancy (2 single-mode and 2 multi-mode, one in use and one on standby), DN500 large diameter pipe. Scenario Description: A large DN500 PE pipeline for oil and gas transportation, with four redundant lines: two single-mode optical fibers, two multi-mode optical fibers, and one backup line reserved for each. The design target pipeline has an equivalent spatial resolution of 1 meter.

[0172] Step 1: Input parameters Pipeline parameters: , The effect on diameter is negligible. The parameters for directional contraction, interface transfer, reserved relaxation, and allowable compressive strain are temporarily taken as the same exemplary calibration values ​​as in Example 1 in this numerical example. In practice, they should be replaced with the data of the same batch of DN500 combined specimens.

[0173] Monitoring parameter: m=4; Environmental parameters: SDR17 ( ); The remaining optical and temperature axial characteristic lengths and sampling parameters are the same as in Example 1, i.e. , From equation (8), we get The thermal shrinkage constraint in this numerical example is automatically satisfied.

[0174] Step 2: Optical confinement

[0175]

[0176]

[0177] Steps 3-5: Temperature sampling, thermal shrinkage and bending constraint verification (optical upper limit dominant)

[0178]

[0179] Bending constraints do not produce a positive lower bound. Assuming the production line capacity covers this value, then... , This example is dominated by the upper limit of single-mode channel optics, rather than temperature constraints.

[0180] Step 6: Correction

[0181] Step 7: Resolution Verification

[0182] The candidate value of 0.1777m exceeds the optical finite limit of 0.1545m for a single-mode channel and cannot be directly used as the pitch for engineering applications. Projecting the candidate value into the feasible region yields... .

[0183] Both channels in use meet the target resolution, and temperature sampling, thermal shrinkage, and bending constraints are also satisfied.

[0184] Step 8: Four-line phase difference and offset Angular distribution

[0185]

[0186] The maximum axial registration difference calculated based on the shortest circumferential phase difference is 7.73cm, which is less than 10cm. Therefore, the original equal-angle phase scheme can pass without needing to make phase fine adjustments beyond the allowable range.

[0187] Step 9: Target installation sequence, production line parameters Line 1: Single-mode (DAS primary); Line 2: Multi-mode (DTS primary); Line 3: Single-mode (DAS backup); Line 4: Multi-mode (DTS backup).

[0188]

[0189] Step 10: Thermal Shrinkage Strain / Stress Check Calculate according to formula (7) , The strain criterion was passed. Figure 11 yes , This is an independent mechanism reference and should not be used as the stress calculation result for this DN500 example.

[0190] Conclusion: The actual landing pitch of the four-line redundant deployment is 15.45cm, and the two in-use optical channels and temperature sampling constraints meet the requirements; the 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° angular phases are calculated based on the shortest circumferential phase difference and then checked by axial registration difference.

[0191] Figure 11 Based on verifiable geometric, shrinkage, and stress data from supplementary simulation analysis, and combined with curvature verification results, this diagram illustrates the stress concentration mechanism under different interface constraint modes and does not directly correspond to Examples 1-3. Both sub-figures use the same reference geometry: pipe diameter. Pitch Fiber diameter Loading idealized contraction strain . Figure 11 (a) uses continuous external constraint boundaries; Figure 11 (b) uses a boundary that allows for local slip or release deformation. Due to the different boundary conditions and contour ranges of the two, the grayscale depth is interpreted only within the color scale of their respective sub-maps.

[0192] Under continuous constraint conditions, the additional analysis gives the buckling half-wavelength as: To avoid exceeding the effective range of material physics. The nominal output of linear elasticity is interpreted as actual stress, using a sinusoidal half-wave. Geometric extrapolation is performed: This is derived from the condition that the half-wave arc length increases by 3.3% relative to the projected length. Maximum curvature Example elastic modulus of silica optical fiber. The maximum bending strain on the surface is approximately The corresponding linear elastic stress requirement is approximately This is significantly higher than the 50 MPa reference allowable value used in the additional analysis. Therefore, Figure 11 (a) in the diagram is displayed truncated at 50 MPa; the darkest gray area indicates a stress requirement of 50 MPa or more, not that the material can stably withstand stresses above 50 MPa. The extra-large nominal output in the additional analysis is only used to verify the location of high-stress areas and instability trends, and is not considered as the actual peak value.

[0193] Under the condition of the release section, the maximum shear stress given by the additional analysis is: Converted to a pure shear state, the von Mises equivalent stress is: The equivalent safety factor relative to the 50 MPa reference allowable value is approximately 222; if the additional analysis is used to directly compare shear stress, the safety factor is approximately 381. Figure 11 (b) is plotted using an independent range of 0–0.23 MPa. This result indicates that torsional shear is not the dominant failure mode under the given reference boundary; however… Figure 11 (a) and Figure 11 (b) in the example is not a paired test under the same degree of freedom constraint, and the stress reduction percentage is not calculated based on this. In actual engineering, repeatable simulations or combined tests must still be conducted using the same material, geometry, interface, temperature history, boundary conditions, and mesh strategy.

[0194] Figure 12 by , , , , For geometric and optical parameters, and with , , , , , As purely schematic parameters in equations (7) to (9). From equation (8), we obtain From equation (9), we get Bending constraint formation This parameter set is only used to illustrate the constraint switching relationship and does not replace the test calibration for a specific batch of materials.

[0195] Figure 12 In the middle, optical curve Only When a finite upper limit is generated, it is related to and The intersection points are approximately and Zone I hour, The current parameter combination has no feasible solution; Region II At that time, the feasible region is Optical upper limit dominates; Zone III At that time, the feasible region is The upper limit of thermal shrinkage dominates. It is merely the boundary of the domain with a finite upper limit for optics, not the endpoint of the feasible region; there are still possibilities to its right. and The enclosed feasible domain.

[0196] Figure 12 Therefore, an independent numerical example is given that is truly dominated by the finite upper limit of thermal shrinkage; Examples 1 to 3 are all dominated by the optical upper limit. Only when the minimum of all upper limits is lower than the maximum of all lower limits, or other hard constraints do not intersect with the interval, can it be determined that the current combination of parameters has no feasible solution.

[0197] In addition, the symbols used in the above embodiments are summarized in Tables 2 to 6 below: Table 2 (Optical and System Parameters)

[0198] Table 3 (Bending radius parameters)

[0199] Table 4 (Winding Geometric Parameters)

[0200] Table 5 (Pipeline and Process Parameters)

[0201] Table 6 (Sensing Physical Parameters)

[0202] This invention also proposes an electronic device.

[0203] In this embodiment, the electronic device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the fiber optic cable winding method of the above embodiment.

[0204] Specifically, the electronic device can be a controller embedded in the winding machine, or it can be an independently set host computer, industrial control computer or server, or it can be a distributed control system composed of a host computer and a PLC controller, in which the host computer is responsible for executing parameter calculation and optimization algorithms, and the PLC controller is responsible for receiving the calculation results and executing the motion control of the winding machine.

[0205] This invention also proposes a winding machine.

[0206] In this embodiment, the winding machine includes the electronic equipment described in the above embodiment.

[0207] Specifically, the winding machine is equipped with the aforementioned electronic equipment, winding drive mechanism, tube traction mechanism, speed encoder, traction speed measurement unit, and actual pitch detection unit. The actual pitch detection unit can employ machine vision, a displacement encoder positioned along the tube's axial direction, or a combination of both. The electronic equipment will... and Send to the drive mechanism and receive , and ;in accordance with Generate winding speed correction and / or traction speed correction. Maintain control inputs when continuous measurements meet the deviation threshold; trigger an alarm and enter a safe state when deviation continuously exceeds limits, tension exceeds limits, fiber optic slippage occurs, or the detection signal fails. Thus, theoretical parameters, the actuator, the wound pipe, and on-site detection together form a closed loop.

[0208] In summary, the fiber optic winding method, electronic device, and winding machine of the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: 1) Through theoretical derivation, a unified quantitative expression for optical resolution constraints, acoustic vibration and temperature difference constraints, thermal shrinkage buckling constraints and bending loss constraints is given. The multi-dimensional constraints are organically integrated into a complete engineering quantitative process, which overcomes the limitations of traditional design that relies on repeated trial and error based on human experience. It realizes a substantial progress in parametric design from "estimation based on experience" to "calculation based on data".

[0209] 2) By constructing multi-line winding rules from single-line to four-line, the starting phase, the shortest circumferential phase difference, the laying sequence and the axial registration difference criteria are clarified, so as to achieve uniform distribution of multiple optical fibers on the pipe cross section and spatial registration of different monitoring channels; the time synchronization of different channels is achieved by a common time reference or timestamp.

[0210] 3) By unifying the quantization of optical resolution, event-independent sampling, bending loss and thermal shrinkage safety constraints, the conditions for the establishment of each constraint, the domain of definition and the overlap relationship are clarified; the environmental correction results are only used as candidate values ​​and projected onto the feasible domain, thereby avoiding misjudging the automatically satisfied interval as unsolvable or misjudging candidate values ​​outside the hard constraints as qualified values.

[0211] 4) Establish a safe range for thermal shrinkage of the pitch by axial / circumferential shrinkage strain, interface transfer, reserved relaxation and allowable compressive strain. Figure 11 The stress cloud diagram shows that, under the idealized 3.3% contraction condition, the geometric extrapolation stress requirement for continuous constrained buckling has exceeded the 50 MPa reference allowable threshold, while the von Mises equivalent stress converted from the 0.13 MPa shear stress in the release section is about 0.23 MPa; the former suggests the risk of buckling instability, while the latter indicates that torsional shear is not the dominant failure mode under the corresponding reference boundary.

[0212] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0213] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0214] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of pipe optical fiber wrapping, characterized by, include: Acquire system parameters, pipeline parameters, monitoring parameters, environmental parameters, and safety parameters; Based on the system parameters, the monitoring parameters, and the pipeline parameters, optical spatial resolution constraints, physical influence range constraints of monitoring events, and bending loss constraints are established respectively. The optical constraint pitch is determined based on the optical spatial resolution constraints, the physical constraint pitch is determined based on the physical influence range constraints of monitoring events, and the bending loss constraint pitch is determined based on the bending loss constraints. Based on the axial shrinkage strain and circumferential shrinkage strain in the pipeline parameters and the safety parameters, the directional thermal shrinkage safety range is obtained, and based on the directional thermal shrinkage safety range, the optical constraint pitch, the physical constraint pitch, and the bending loss constraint pitch, the feasible pitch range is obtained. Using the environmental parameters, the actual landing pitch of the project is selected within the feasible pitch range, and the target rotation speed of the winding machine is obtained based on the actual landing pitch of the project and the pipe traction speed in the pipe parameters. When the number of target lines in the monitoring parameters is greater than or equal to 2, the target laying sequence and the initial phase difference of each winding line are determined, and the winding machine is controlled to wind the optical fiber according to the actual landing pitch of the project, the target rotation speed, the target laying sequence and the initial phase difference of each winding line.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the optical constraint pitch includes: Based on the equivalent refractive index of the multimode fiber core and the pulse width of the multimode fiber in the system parameters, the spatial resolution of the multimode fiber is obtained. Based on the spatial resolution of the multimode fiber, the equivalent spatial resolution of the target pipe in the monitoring parameters, and the outer diameter of the pipe in the pipe parameters, the optical constraint pitch of the multimode fiber is obtained. Based on the effective refractive index of the single-mode fiber core and the single-mode fiber pulse width in the system parameters, the spatial resolution of the single-mode fiber is obtained, and based on the spatial resolution of the single-mode fiber, the equivalent spatial resolution of the target pipe, and the outer diameter of the pipe, the optical constraint pitch of the single-mode fiber is obtained. The smaller value between the single-mode fiber optical constraint pitch and the multimode fiber optical constraint pitch is taken as the final optical constraint pitch.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The determination of the physical constraint pitch includes: Based on the outer diameter of the pipe, the axial characteristic length of the temperature anomaly in the monitoring parameters, the minimum number of samplings in the temperature channel, and the independent spatial resolution of the demodulation device in the system parameters, the theoretical pitch of the temperature constraint is obtained. Based on the outer diameter of the pipe, the minimum number of samplings in the acoustic vibration channel, the independent spatial resolution of the demodulation device, and the effective axial propagation length of the acoustic vibration signal in the monitoring parameters, the theoretical pitch of the acoustic vibration constraint is obtained. The directional thermal shrinkage safety range is determined based on the relationship between the effective shrinkage strain in the spiral fiber direction and the pitch, and is used to limit the feasible range of the temperature-constrained theoretical pitch and the acoustic-vibration-constrained theoretical pitch. The effective shrinkage strain is obtained based on the axial shrinkage strain, the circumferential shrinkage strain, and the interface strain transfer coefficient and reserved relaxation strain in the safety parameters. Furthermore, the effective shrinkage strain corresponding to any pitch within the directional thermal shrinkage safety range meets the requirements of the allowable compressive strain and thermal buckling safety factor in the safety parameters.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The determination of the bending loss constraint pitch includes: The larger value between the minimum allowable bending radius of single-mode fiber and the minimum allowable bending radius of multimode fiber in the system parameters is taken as the unified minimum allowable bending radius for hybrid fiber configuration; When the ratio of the uniformly allowed minimum bending radius to the outer diameter of the pipe is greater than or equal to a first preset ratio threshold, the bending loss constraint pitch is obtained based on the uniformly allowed minimum bending radius and the outer diameter of the pipe.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Before obtaining the target rotational speed of the winding machine based on the actual landing pitch of the project and the pipe traction speed in the pipe parameters, the method further includes: The larger value between the multimode fiber spatial resolution and the single-mode fiber spatial resolution is taken as the correction fiber spatial resolution; The corrected equivalent spatial resolution of the pipeline is obtained based on the spatial resolution of the optical fiber used for correction, the actual pitch of the landing screw in the project, and the outer diameter of the pipeline. It is determined that the corrected equivalent spatial resolution of the pipeline is less than or equal to the equivalent spatial resolution of the target pipeline, and the deviation does not exceed a first preset deviation threshold.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: The axial offset of each winding line is obtained based on the initial phase difference of each winding line and the actual landing pitch of the project. When the ratio of the axial offset of any winding line to the equivalent spatial resolution of the target pipe in the monitoring parameters is greater than or equal to the second preset ratio threshold, the search is performed step by step within the preset angle range to redetermine the starting phase difference of each winding line and redetermine the axial offset of each winding line until the ratio of the axial offset of each winding line to the equivalent spatial resolution of the target pipe in the monitoring parameters is less than the second preset ratio threshold. When the search is completed within the preset angle range, and the ratio of the axial offset of any winding line to the equivalent spatial resolution of the target pipe is greater than or equal to the second preset ratio threshold, a prompt message indicating that there is no feasible phase configuration for the current parameter combination is output. After the user changes the design parameters and establishes a new parameter combination, the starting phase difference and axial offset of each winding line are re-determined.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target laying sequence is determined based on the target number of lines and the type of optical fiber to be laid, monitoring function, and primary / backup attribute in the monitoring parameters.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of controlling the winding machine to wind optical fiber based on the actual landing pitch of the project and the target rotation speed includes: The actual rotational speed, actual traction speed, and actual pitch of the winding machine are obtained by the speed encoder, the traction speed measuring unit, and the actual pitch detection unit, respectively. Based on the deviation between the actual pitch and the actual landing pitch of the project, adjust the winding speed and / or traction speed so that the actual speed of the winding machine follows the target speed and the deviation does not exceed the second preset deviation threshold. When the deviation exceeds the second preset deviation threshold and the duration exceeds the preset time threshold, or when tension exceeds the limit, or when fiber slippage is detected, or when the detection signal fails, an alarm is triggered and the winding machine is controlled to stop winding.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory, which, when executed by the processor, implements the method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A winding machine, characterized in that, include: The electronic device as described in claim 9.

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