Electrically driven 3D liquid crystal lens

Abstract

The application relates to an electrically-driven 3D liquid crystal lens, which comprises front and rear substrates oppositely arranged, and a liquid crystal layer encapsulated between the front and rear substrates; a plurality of linear electrodes are arranged on the rear side of the front substrate, and a continuous electrode is arranged on the front side of the rear substrate; the front and rear sides of the liquid crystal layer are respectively provided with front and rear alignment layers; the electrically-driven 3D liquid crystal lens further comprises a shielding layer and a planarization layer, the shielding layer and the planarization layer are arranged on the rear side of the front substrate, the linear electrodes and the front alignment layer are arranged on the rear side of the planarization layer, and the shielding layer is covered by the planarization layer and corresponds to the positions of the linear electrodes. The electrically-driven 3D liquid crystal lens can effectively eliminate stray light caused by the edge electric field divergence of the linear electrodes, reduce crosstalk in naked-eye 3D display, improve 3D display quality and viewing comfort, and avoid liquid crystal molecule orientation disorder caused by surface concave-convex, so that the optical performance of the liquid crystal lens is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical element technology, and more specifically to an electrically driven 3D liquid crystal lens. Background Technology

[0002] Glasses-free 3D displays can present stereoscopic visual effects without the need for traditional glasses, making them more aligned with everyday usage habits and a significant trend in 3D display technology development. Among various glasses-free 3D implementation solutions, placing an electrically driven liquid crystal lens in front of a flat panel display is one of the mainstream technical routes for achieving switchable 2D / 3D displays. The electrically driven liquid crystal lens controls the voltage distribution applied to the electrodes, creating a non-uniform electric field within the liquid crystal layer. This drives the liquid crystal molecules to align in a gradient in space, resulting in a gradual refractive index distribution and achieving optical path control similar to that of a lenticular lens.

[0003] Traditional electrically driven 3D liquid crystal lenses typically consist of two opposing substrates with a liquid crystal layer encapsulated between them. Electrodes and alignment layers are disposed on the inner sides of both substrates. One substrate has a continuous electrode (common electrode), while the other substrate consists of multiple parallel linear electrodes. By applying different driving voltages to the linear electrodes, the desired electric field and refractive index distributions can be formed within each lens unit. However, this type of electrically driven 3D liquid crystal lens still faces the following technical challenges in practical applications: (1) Stray light and crosstalk problems caused by the divergence of the electric field at the edge of the linear electrode In electrically driven liquid crystal lenses, the electric field at the edge region of the linear electrode exhibits a significant divergence effect. A non-uniform electric field is formed between the linear electrode and the common electrode, and the electric field intensity distribution at the edge of the linear electrode changes drastically, causing the liquid crystal molecules in this region to deviate from their orientation and failing to form an ideal gradient refractive index distribution. In practical design, due to the drastic fluctuations in the optical path at the edge of the liquid crystal lens, a certain degree of crosstalk will be generated when it is used in naked-eye 3D displays. When forming an electrically driven liquid crystal lens, the lens edge has a severely deviated phase relative to the distribution profile of a physically formed parabolic or convex lens, resulting in refractive index distortion in 3D imaging, which in turn leads to crosstalk problems at the lens edge. This problem causes stray light to be generated in the transmitted light at the edge region of the lens unit, affecting the 3D display effect, increasing crosstalk in the viewing area, and reducing the viewer's visual experience.

[0004] (2) Adverse effects of patterned structure on the substrate surface on the orientation friction process of the alignment layer In the manufacturing process of electrically driven liquid crystal lenses, the alignment layer typically requires directional rubbing to achieve a uniform initial orientation of the liquid crystal molecules. This directional rubbing process demands extremely high flatness on the surface of the alignment layer; otherwise, the rubbing cloth will experience uneven friction due to surface irregularities, leading to disordered liquid crystal molecule orientation and severely impacting the lens's imaging quality.

[0005] In some designs, if a patterned structure (such as a patterned layer beneath the electrode layer) is formed on the substrate surface, this patterned structure creates raised steps on the substrate surface. Even if an electrode layer is placed on top of it, the electrode layer surface will still have an uneven morphology due to the presence of the patterned structure, making it impossible to obtain a sufficiently flat surface. This results in the friction cloth failing to make uniform contact with the uneven surface when an alignment layer is coated and directional rubbing is performed, leading to uneven friction, disordered liquid crystal molecule alignment, and severely affecting the optical performance of the lens. This contradiction limits the practical application of liquid crystal lenses with patterned structures in electrically driven 3D displays.

[0006] (3) Ambient light reflection problem of linear electrodes Linear electrodes are typically made of transparent conductive materials such as indium tin oxide (ITO). However, there is a significant refractive index difference between the ITO film and adjacent layers such as the substrate and alignment layer, which leads to noticeable film reflection. In addition, linear electrodes are very prone to producing linear reflected light under strong light. This reflected light can interfere with the user's viewing experience and reduce display contrast, especially in brighter environments. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide an electrically driven 3D liquid crystal lens. This electrically driven 3D liquid crystal lens can not only effectively eliminate stray light caused by the divergence of the electric field at the edge of the linear electrode, reducing crosstalk in naked-eye 3D displays and improving 3D display quality and viewing comfort, but also avoid the disordered orientation of liquid crystal molecules caused by surface unevenness, thereby ensuring the optical performance of the liquid crystal lens. The technical solution adopted is as follows: An electrically driven 3D liquid crystal lens includes a front substrate and a rear substrate arranged opposite each other, with a liquid crystal layer encapsulated between the front and rear substrates; a plurality of linear electrodes are provided on the rear side of the front substrate, and a continuous electrode is provided on the front side of the rear substrate; a front alignment layer and a rear alignment layer are respectively provided on the front and rear sides of the liquid crystal layer, the front alignment layer being located between each of the linear electrodes and the liquid crystal layer, and the rear alignment layer being located between the continuous electrode and the liquid crystal layer, with the friction direction of the front alignment layer being opposite to that of the rear alignment layer; characterized in that: the electrically driven 3D liquid crystal lens further includes a shielding layer and a planarization layer, both the shielding layer and the planarization layer being disposed on the rear side of the front substrate, the linear electrodes and the front alignment layer being disposed on the rear side of the planarization layer, the shielding layer being covered by the planarization layer and corresponding to the position of each linear electrode.

[0008] In this manual, "front" and "back" refer to the side closer to the user and the side further away from the user.

[0009] Typically, both the front and rear alignment layers are horizontal alignment layers. They undergo directional rubbing treatment, with opposite rubbing directions (one at 0° and the other at 180°). The specific angle of the rubbing direction can be set according to the polarization requirements of the device during use, as long as the rubbing directions of the front and rear alignment layers remain opposite. This ensures that the initial orientation of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer is opposite in the upper and lower layers.

[0010] When a driving voltage is applied between the linear electrode and the continuous electrode, a non-uniform electric field is formed between the linear electrode and the continuous electrode (common electrode). The front alignment layer and the back alignment layer can initially align the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer. Since the friction directions of the front alignment layer and the back alignment layer are opposite, the liquid crystal molecules that were originally uniformly arranged in the liquid crystal layer are deflected under the action of the electric field and arranged in a gradient in space, thereby forming a gradient refractive index distribution, realizing the function of an electrically controlled lens, and used for optical path control of naked-eye 3D display.

[0011] In the aforementioned electrically driven 3D liquid crystal lens, by setting a shielding layer on the rear side of the front substrate, the shielding layer is located between the linear electrode and the user and corresponds to the position of the linear electrode. This effectively blocks stray light generated in areas of poor liquid crystal alignment caused by electric field divergence at the edge of the linear electrode. Only areas with a relatively ideal alignment distribution between the linear electrode and the continuous electrodes, close to the theoretical model of the lens, participate in light transmission. This significantly reduces crosstalk in naked-eye 3D displays, improves 3D display quality and viewing comfort, and also directly blocks the linear electrode itself, significantly reducing ambient light reflection from the linear electrode and minimizing reflection. The interference of light on viewing is reduced, thus improving display contrast. Furthermore, by covering the shielding layer with a planarization layer located between the shielding layer and the linear electrode, the surface steps caused by the shielding layer can be effectively covered and planarized to form a flat surface. The linear electrode and the front alignment layer are then placed on this flat surface, ensuring that the directional rubbing process of the front alignment layer can be effectively implemented. This avoids the disorder of liquid crystal molecule alignment caused by surface unevenness, thereby ensuring the optical performance of the liquid crystal lens. This solves the technical problem of the incompatibility between setting a patterned structure on the substrate surface and the requirement for a highly flat surface in the directional rubbing process.

[0012] Typically, both the front substrate and the rear substrate are made of transparent insulating substrates.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shielding layer is made of black photosensitive resin material. Black photosensitive resin (Black Matrix, BM) has good light-shielding and insulating properties. The shielding layer can be precisely formed into the required strip or grid pattern through photolithography processes such as coating, exposure, and development. It has the characteristics of high optical density, good heat resistance, and excellent dimensional stability.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the planarization layer is made of a transparent photosensitive resin material. This allows the planarization layer (Over Coat layer, or OC layer) to possess characteristics such as high surface flatness, high light transmittance, and low dielectric constant.

[0015] Traditional linear electrodes are typically made of indium tin oxide (ITO). Due to the relatively low conductivity of ITO, a certain thickness is required to achieve sufficient conductivity, resulting in a thickness that still affects the surface morphology when used with a planarization layer. In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the linear electrode is a metal linear electrode made of a metallic material, and the continuous electrode is a transparent conductive film covering the entire front side of the rear substrate. The continuous electrode is made of a transparent conductive film to maintain the light transmittance of the common electrode. The metal linear electrode is made of a metallic material (such as copper, aluminum, silver, molybdenum, titanium, etc.), as metallic materials have a much higher conductivity than ITO (metal resistivity is typically around 10⁻⁻⁻⁶).8 The resistivity of ITO is typically on the order of Ω·m, and is usually in the range of 10⁻⁻⁴. 4 The difference is on the order of Ω·m, approximately 10. 4 Therefore, the metal wire electrode can be made very thin (times), and more preferably, the thickness of the metal wire electrode is 10-100 nm. This allows the metal wire electrode to achieve or even surpass the conductivity of an ITO electrode. Furthermore, with an extremely thin metal wire electrode, its edge protrusions are minimal. Even when the wire electrode pattern consists of dense, fine lines, the wire electrode itself has negligible impact on surface flatness and will not significantly affect the directional friction process of the first alignment layer.

[0016] It should be noted that the planarization layer is the primary means of ensuring surface flatness. It covers and smooths out surface steps caused by the underlying shielding layer. The ultra-thin metal wire electrode further reduces interference with the friction process, resulting in a more ideal overall surface flatness. Simultaneously, since the shielding layer is located on the front side of the wire electrode (closer to the user), it effectively blocks ambient light reflections, preventing metal reflections from interfering with viewing. Therefore, by using a metal wire electrode combined with a shielding layer, we can achieve thinner, higher-performance electrodes by utilizing the high conductivity of metal, solve the metal reflection problem through the shielding layer, and ensure the effective implementation of the friction process with the planarization layer. This achieves multiple optimizations in electrical performance, optical performance, and process feasibility.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shielding layer is composed of a plurality of shielding units arranged side by side on the rear side of the front substrate. The number of shielding units is the same as that of the linear electrodes and they correspond one-to-one. The shielding units are located in front of the corresponding linear electrodes.

[0018] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the width of the blocking unit is not less than the width of the corresponding linear electrode. Typically, the width of the blocking unit is slightly larger than the width of the corresponding linear electrode, thereby ensuring that the blocking unit can completely block the light from the linear electrode and its edge area, effectively reducing the impact of electrode reflected light on viewing.

[0019] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the width of the shielding unit is 20-25 μm and the thickness of the shielding unit is 1-5 μm.

[0020] The width of the linear electrodes and the width of the blocking unit can be set with reference to the size of a typical cylindrical lens, and the distance between the centers of two adjacent linear electrodes can be equal to the width of a complete lens cycle. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of the linear electrodes are arranged parallel to each other and at equal intervals on the inner surface of the front substrate; the distance between the centers of two adjacent linear electrodes is 180 to 220 μm.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the rear side surface of the planarization layer and the rear side surface of the shielding layer is 1–5 μm. This thickness design ensures that the surface steps caused by the shielding layer are sufficiently planarized, providing a flat substrate for the subsequent electrode layer and alignment layer, while avoiding the increased processing difficulty or decreased optical transmittance caused by an excessively thick planarization layer.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is 30–100 μm; the liquid crystal layer is composed of nematic liquid crystal with a birefringence Δn of at least 0.2. These dimensions and material parameters of the liquid crystal layer can be appropriately adjusted according to the pixel size, optical design, and manufacturing capabilities of the display panel to meet different 3D display effect requirements. This allows the liquid crystal layer to generate a sufficient optical path difference under the driving voltage, forming an ideal gradient refractive index distribution, thereby achieving a good electro-optical lens effect.

[0023] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is 50 μm; the birefringence Δn of the liquid crystal layer is 0.3.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) This electrically driven 3D liquid crystal lens has a shielding layer (BM layer) set on the rear side of the front substrate. The shielding layer is located between the linear electrode and the user and corresponds to the position of the linear electrode. It can effectively shield the stray light generated by the area of ​​poor liquid crystal alignment caused by electric field divergence at the edge of the linear electrode. Only the area with a relatively ideal orientation distribution between the linear electrode and the continuous electrode of the whole surface, which is close to the theoretical model of the lens, participates in light transmission. This significantly reduces crosstalk in naked-eye 3D display and improves 3D display quality and viewing comfort. At the same time, the shielding layer can also directly shield the linear electrode itself, significantly reducing the ambient light reflection of the linear electrode and reducing the interference of reflected light on viewing. It can still maintain good image contrast in bright environments. (2) This electrically driven 3D liquid crystal lens introduces a planarization layer (OC layer) to cover the shielding layer. The planarization layer is located between the shielding layer and the linear electrode. It can effectively cover and planarize the surface steps caused by the shielding layer to form a flat surface. The linear electrode and the front alignment layer are set on this flat surface. This can ensure that the orientation friction process of the front alignment layer can be effectively implemented, avoiding the disorder of liquid crystal molecule orientation caused by surface unevenness, thereby ensuring the optical performance of the liquid crystal lens. This solves the technical problem that the patterned structure on the substrate surface cannot be compatible with the surface high flatness required by the orientation friction process, and ensures the friction quality of the front alignment layer. (3) This electrically driven 3D liquid crystal lens uses metal materials to make linear electrodes. The conductivity of metal is much higher than that of ITO. Therefore, the metal linear electrodes can be made very thin to achieve excellent conductivity. Their thickness is much smaller than that of traditional ITO electrodes. Due to the extremely thin thickness of the metal linear electrodes, their edge protrusions are minimal. Under dense fine line patterns, the impact on surface flatness is negligible, further reducing interference with the alignment layer friction process. At the same time, the presence of the shielding layer effectively blocks the reflected light of the metal lines, avoiding the problem of decreased display contrast caused by the high reflectivity of the metal electrodes. Thus, this electrically driven 3D liquid crystal lens, based on the shielding layer and planarization layer, combined with the metal linear electrode scheme, achieves multiple optimizations in conductivity, optical performance, and friction process adaptability, further improving the overall performance of the product. (4) This electrically driven 3D liquid crystal lens achieves the above-mentioned multiple functions while having a simple structure and is easy to manufacture. It can be achieved by simply adding a patterning and planarization layer coating process to the conventional liquid crystal lens manufacturing process. It has good compatibility with existing manufacturing processes and has good industrialization prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrically driven 3D liquid crystal lens according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows an overall schematic of an electrically driven 3D liquid crystal lens.

[0027] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the optical principle of an electrically driven 3D liquid crystal lens under applied voltage. Detailed Implementation

[0028] like Figures 1-3 As shown, this electrically driven 3D liquid crystal lens includes a front substrate 1, a rear substrate 2, a liquid crystal layer 3, a shielding layer 4, a planarization layer 5, a front alignment layer 6, multiple linear electrodes 7, continuous electrodes across the entire surface 8, and a rear alignment layer 9. The front substrate 1 and the rear substrate 2 are arranged opposite each other, and the liquid crystal layer 3 is encapsulated between the front substrate 1 and the rear substrate 2. The shielding layer 4 and the planarization layer 5 are both disposed on the rear side surface of the front substrate 1, and the front alignment layer 6 and each of the linear electrodes 7 are disposed on the rear side surface of the planarization layer 5. 4 is covered by a planarization layer 5 and corresponds to the position of each linear electrode 7; a continuous electrode 8 is disposed on the front side of the rear substrate 2, and a rear alignment layer 9 is disposed on the front side of the continuous electrode 8. The front alignment layer 6 and the rear alignment layer 9 are located on the front and rear sides of the liquid crystal layer 3, respectively. The front alignment layer 6 is located between the liquid crystal layer 3 and each linear electrode 7, and the rear alignment layer 9 is located between the continuous electrode 8 and the liquid crystal layer 3. The friction direction of the front alignment layer 6 is opposite to the friction direction of the rear alignment layer 9.

[0029] In this embodiment, both the front substrate 1 and the rear substrate 2 are transparent insulating substrates.

[0030] In this embodiment, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 3 is 50 μm; the liquid crystal layer 3 is composed of nematic liquid crystal with a birefringence Δn of 0.3. These dimensions and material parameters of the liquid crystal layer 3 can be appropriately adjusted according to the pixel size, optical design, and manufacturing capabilities of the display panel to meet different 3D display effect requirements. Therefore, the liquid crystal layer 3 can generate a sufficient optical path difference under the driving voltage, forming an ideal gradient refractive index distribution, thereby achieving a good electro-optical lens effect.

[0031] In this embodiment, the shielding layer 4 is made of black photosensitive resin material. The shielding layer 4 is composed of multiple shielding units 41 arranged side-by-side on the rear side of the front substrate 1. The number of shielding units 41 is the same as the number of linear electrodes 7, and they correspond one-to-one. The shielding unit 41 is located in front of the corresponding linear electrode 7. The width of the shielding unit 41 is slightly larger than the width of the corresponding linear electrode 7, and the width of the shielding unit 41 is 20–25 μm; the thickness of the shielding unit 41 is 1–5 μm. Black photosensitive resin (Black Matrix, BM) has excellent light-shielding and insulating properties. The shielding layer 4 can be precisely formed into the required strip-shaped pattern through photolithography processes such as coating, exposure, and development. It has the characteristics of high optical density, good heat resistance, and excellent dimensional stability. This ensures that the shielding unit 41 can completely block the light from the corresponding linear electrode 7 and its edge area, effectively reducing the impact of electrode reflection light on viewing.

[0032] In this embodiment, multiple linear electrodes 7 are arranged parallel to each other and at equal intervals on the inner surface of the front substrate 1; the distance between the centers of two adjacent linear electrodes 7 is 180 to 220 μm.

[0033] In this embodiment, the planarization layer 5 is made of a transparent photosensitive resin material. This allows the planarization layer 5 (Over Coat layer, or OC layer) to have characteristics such as high surface flatness, high light transmittance, and low dielectric constant.

[0034] In this embodiment, the distance between the rear side of the planarization layer 5 and the rear side of the shielding layer 4 is 1–5 μm. This thickness design ensures that the surface steps caused by the shielding layer 4 are sufficiently planarized, providing a flat substrate for the subsequent electrode layer and alignment layer, while avoiding the increased processing difficulty or decreased optical transmittance caused by an excessively thick planarization layer 5.

[0035] In this embodiment, the linear electrode 7 is a metal linear electrode made of a metallic material, with a thickness of 10–100 nm; the continuous electrode 8 is a transparent conductive film covering the entire front side of the rear substrate 2. The continuous electrode 8 is made of a transparent conductive film to maintain the light transmittance of the common electrode. The linear electrode 7 is made of a metallic material (such as copper, aluminum, silver, molybdenum, titanium, etc.), because metallic materials have a much higher conductivity than ITO (metal resistivity is typically around 10⁻⁻⁻⁶). 8 The resistivity of ITO is typically on the order of Ω·m, and is usually in the range of 10⁻⁻⁴. 4 The difference is on the order of Ω·m, approximately 10. 4 Therefore, the wire electrode 7 can be made very thin, achieving or even surpassing the conductivity of the ITO electrode. Moreover, when the metal wire electrode 7 is extremely thin, its edge protrusion is minimal. Even when the wire electrode 7 pattern is a dense fine line, the wire electrode 7 itself has a negligible impact on the surface flatness and will not have a significant adverse effect on the directional friction process of the first alignment layer.

[0036] In this embodiment, both the front alignment layer 6 and the rear alignment layer 9 are horizontal alignment layers. The front alignment layer 6 and the rear alignment layer 9 are respectively subjected to directional rubbing treatment, and the rubbing directions of the two are opposite (i.e., the rubbing direction of one is 0° and the rubbing direction of the other is 180°). This makes the initial orientation of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 3 opposite in the upper and lower layers.

[0037] The working principle of this electrically driven 3D liquid crystal lens is briefly described below: When a driving voltage is applied between the linear electrode 7 and the continuous electrode 8, a non-uniform electric field is formed between the linear electrode 7 and the continuous electrode 8 (common electrode). The front alignment layer 6 and the rear alignment layer 9 can initially align the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 3. Since the friction directions of the front alignment layer 6 and the rear alignment layer 9 are opposite, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 3, which were originally uniformly arranged, are deflected under the action of the electric field and arranged in a gradient in space, thereby forming a gradient refractive index distribution, realizing the function of an electrically controlled lens, and used for optical path control of naked-eye 3D display.

[0038] Furthermore, it should be noted that the names of the various parts of the specific embodiments described in this specification may differ. All equivalent or simple variations made to the structure, features, and principles of this invention are included within the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the structure of this invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, all of which should fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. An electrically driven 3D liquid crystal lens, comprising a front substrate and a rear substrate arranged opposite to each other, with a liquid crystal layer encapsulated between the front substrate and the rear substrate; a plurality of linear electrodes are provided on the rear side of the front substrate, and a continuous electrode is provided on the front side of the rear substrate; a front alignment layer and a rear alignment layer are respectively provided on the front and rear sides of the liquid crystal layer, the front alignment layer being located between each of the linear electrodes and the liquid crystal layer, and the rear alignment layer being located between the continuous electrode and the liquid crystal layer; the friction direction of the front alignment layer is opposite to the friction direction of the rear alignment layer; characterized in that: The electrically driven 3D liquid crystal lens also includes a shielding layer and a planarization layer. Both the shielding layer and the planarization layer are disposed on the rear side of the front substrate. The linear electrodes and the front alignment layer are disposed on the rear side of the planarization layer. The shielding layer is covered by the planarization layer and corresponds to the position of each linear electrode.

2. The electrically driven 3D liquid crystal lens according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shielding layer is made of black photosensitive resin material.

3. The electrically driven 3D liquid crystal lens according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planarization layer is made of a transparent photosensitive resin material.

4. The electrically driven 3D liquid crystal lens according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linear electrode is a metal linear electrode made of metal material, and the continuous electrode is a transparent conductive film covering the entire front side of the rear substrate.

5. The electrically driven 3D liquid crystal lens according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thickness of the metal wire electrode is 10–100 nm.

6. The electrically driven 3D liquid crystal lens according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shielding layer is composed of a plurality of shielding units arranged side by side on the rear side of the front substrate. The number of shielding units is the same as the number of linear electrodes and they correspond one-to-one. The shielding units are located in front of the corresponding linear electrodes.

7. An electrically driven 3D liquid crystal lens according to claim 6, characterized in that: The width of the shielding unit is not less than the width of the corresponding linear electrode.

8. An electrically driven 3D liquid crystal lens according to claim 7, characterized in that: The width of the shielding layer is 20-25 μm, and the thickness of the shielding layer is 1-5 μm.

9. The electrically driven 3D liquid crystal lens according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the rear side of the planarization layer and the rear side of the shielding layer is 1 to 5 μm.

10. An electrically driven 3D liquid crystal lens according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the liquid crystal layer is 30–100 μm; the liquid crystal layer is composed of nematic liquid crystal, and its birefringence Δn is at least 0.2.

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